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Ucholcal Brlcfl (Continued from page 120) go (or meeting new burners intuited in the latter hall of last year's heating eaten. At a suggestion (or meeting the situslion the author advances these points: (1) directing oil burner engineering and research to produce units more efficient In releasing available heat (2) directing most advertising and sales efforts to replacement of old and obso lete burners already in service (3) in specting former installations during the summer months nnd making sure they are in good operating shape (4) con tinuing to increase your customer's stor age facilities. ONI Paper. Furnace Design Methods, With or Without WAtenvolU, by OWiion Craigs RUey Stoker Corp. A furnace is an en closure in which heal is produced by burning fuel. The enclosure discussed is one applied to a boiler or steam-gen erating unit. With this very general background the author proceeds to dis cuss the types of furnace walls, their position with respect to the furnace, their nature as the fuel-burning method requires it, and their design function. In oddition, tables are worked up for furnace dimensions for various fuelburning methods. This paper will be presented in article form by Power in an early issue. MPC Paper. A New Appraisal of the Fuel Situation, by John Fan Brunt, Combustion Engi* neering Co. Of the 225 billion kwhr generated in 1947 by electric utilities, about 30% were generated by hydro, 16.5% by oil and gas, S3.S% by coal. There are many discussions on coal reserves available; in Table I an esti mate made in 1943 U reproduced. Table II shows (he amounts of coal consumed by various Industries. Quslity of coal over the years has fallen off and the guess is it will con tinue to deteriorate. But in view of the demands for oil and petroleum products It appears that coat and steam will furnish an increasing proportion of primary energy for electric power pro duction. MPC Paper. PANEL HEATING A Simplified Panel Heating Design Procedure, By B F Roher, and F ffl Hutchwvjofi, University of Californio. A great majority of panel-heating In stallations are In residences or other structures which depend on infiltration for outside air. Ventilation rate runs usually between one-half and one and one-half air changes per hr. The com- 122 073) Society of Healing and Vcmjllti'3 HOW TO OBTAIN . COMPLETE TEXT Material appearing in this month*! briefs coraci from one of tbeae two soorees: gineers and the University of Ciljf^ Four tables and a graph wrve <4 (j^' formation sources for developio.ttjgl atep-by-atep conclusion. MPC p,,*ArS Midweat Potocr Conference, Tenth annual meeting, Chicago. April 7-9, 1948. Papers are Identi fied by , initiate MPC. Available about Auguat t In Volume X, Pro ceeding! of Midwest Power Confer ence, 1948, 43, through Stanton E Winston, Conference Director, Il linois Institute of Technology, 3PM Federal St, Chicago Id. WATER TREATIES Evaporative Condensers, TheW Application In Water-Shortage Af&Ji by Boss J Martin, University 0/ Many communities find present systems inadequate mostly becaasq \i purification and distribution sr-Sst< ample (2) sanitary and acwage-dlip^' Oil Heat Institute of America, Inc, New York, N. Y. Annual' systems are too small (3) source ol ag ter falls short of demand. meeting, Chicago. April 8-8, 1948. Water source for domestic and Papers are identified by Initials Ollt. Only eoplei ore ones made available to thoio In otlcndonee at the annual meeting. trial use is usually from the urlac&' for instance, from lakes and rivers cr wells drawing water from benestb'tkt' ground. Too heavy a rate of draw Iron} wells may result in exceeding the rite'sf' recharge from seepogc or underground; mon relatively effective Installation streams. Riverside In the Chicago tru method arbitrarily uses a fixed fraction Is a case In mind.* In 1900 the level ei, --often 100%--of ceiling, floor or walls wells stood st 29 ft beneath the gjonnd', as heating surface. On such a basis surface (590 ft above sea level). Bj panel design reduces to determining 1940 this same well field had dropped tr (1) the load on each aq ft of panel 324 ft below the ground, or 295 ft ibeu (2) required water temperature (3) sea level. In the same year, industrial lineal feet of pipe of tube needed. pumpage from wells In the Chicago u To reduce panel-heating design a sim that helped to pull down the level ol plified step-by-step procedure has been this 6cld had reached 14.5 million gal- developed. It is derived from a heat Ions day. BA's* ft balance design method growing out of ft joint research project of the American Air-conditioning water needs, plaa in(Continued on page 142) ^HrsyptCAL example of the results which V-VjL you, as a purchaser and operator perience in the construction of boiler and power plants and the installation pecks feme Monos sod tntikaa SUM foendaUwa 1: 1943 ESTIMATE OF COAL RESERVES, BIlllONS OF TONS Anthracite Eosttrn province................ 15.1 laterior pporioce .............. J Northern greet ploini.. .1 Bituminous 5837 457.1 363.9 Sub Bituminous _____ -------816.2 Equivalent Bituminous ol Lignite 13.000 Stu ------22.9 915.3 624.1 4177 14477 Ttel reserve*............ 15.4 14047 818.2 931.4 1559.1 ^cf'powcr plants, can expect from the ladKipplicatton of the DRAVO Stng/r-Conylr'yori Method of Power Plant Construc** ^iion is this installation for the Edgar Thomson Works of. Camegic-lllinois 'oSteel Corporation. ^The need was urgent, the construction `^complicated. To relieve its own enginccr/^jag.staff of additional burdens of super- of equipment, DRAVO was prepared to accept this responsibility. 'Under the DRAVO Single-Contract Method a defi nite price and a definite schedule for construction were assured. The re- - liance on DRAVO experience and re sponsibility produced tangible results when the construction schedule was maintained - to completion and major, equipment was put into service approxi tacts od Otffia start!, saw in' laaMh Cod and Pit Bride* Cut* at* Derrick Boat! Cf*M Cafe Ceotm Opao Uni flcertat comets Aaripioa lalart ffver Trampartation II: C0A1 CONSUMED BT VARIOUS INDUSTRIES, I9A7* Cool used la 1947, toot Electric utilities .................... ....................... Coke byproduct .................................. ......................... Coha beehive .................................... ....................... Steel mills ........................................... ....................... Other industries ................................ ...................... 86.000,000 94.522.000 10,1424)00 10,041,000 126,706,000 Increata ever 1946, % 15.1 242 4T7 113 60 ^1^8 and coordinating many sub-conyrtet#, Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporar tion, acting through Defense Plant Cor- m...-potation, and the Consulting Engineers '^ectded to place major responsibility iVith 3 single contractor, . ,, | ;?-With more than a half century of ex mately six months before the completion date. Indurtritlijlr end Engitutrs tonetrntd wtfA tin <4ju(ntt(u end operation oftoiler endpoorer plena erill oent to reed Bulletin AU-SlJ for additional detail/ofAe/meterrofAirprofret. PowerDeportment, DRAVO CORPORATION, Pittsburgh 22, Pnne. ; power: Railroad, Class 1................................ ....................... Retail 4- eaport.................................. ....................... Suakep feel, mtsesfionoeirt.............. ....................... 109,296,000 167,918,000 4,178,000 -.1 10.4 250 tant by fa Mochbitry Division wtfh Substructure by The Contracting Dtrlitoo' !Cl'QriR>R' fG. --------- 616.68S.000 * Report el the Bituminous Cool Institute, February 25, 1948 13.9% iV mrs8u*oH Wilmington Philadelphia ' WASHINGTON NEW YORK f CLEVELAND * DETROIT^ I ti --- POWER - JTM I*4* J.O'VER Jim. 1948