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AR 836 _ 0926 SUMMARY FOR FOAMING STUDIES DONE ON VARIOUS AFFF PRODUCTS TEST SUBSTANCE Identity: bMiextreufreersrecdonttoaainsiPngFpOeSrfolruoFrCo-oc9t5aonresauslfaoncatoem,pownhiecnhtomfaAy FalFso products. (1-Octanesulfonic acid, s1a.l1t,,2C,2A,S3#,3,42,749,55-5,369,36),7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafiuoro-, potassium Remarks field: compositions. The test samples are AFFF productsof various STUDIES cTahpeacaitttyacohfe3dM'tesstAiFngFFis parcoodmupcitllaitnieotnoocfrsetautdeifesoadmoninevtaorcihoaursascitteuraitzieontsh,e ainndcl,uidnessothmeeecfafescetss,ofthfeoeafmfiencgtiovnenweassstoefwvaatreiroutsreaanttmie-nftoapmrioncgeasgseenst.s. This DATA QUALITY Reliability: No ranking of ths data has been done. These studies are atypical, have no agency-approved procedure, and were designed to oppreorvaitdoergsewnehroalmugusitdaadndcreetsosctuhsetiosmseureosfantrdeawtaisntgefwoataemratftreeratumseinntg AFFF in a fire event. OTHER SStu.bmPaiutlt,erM:inne3sMotCao,m5p5a1n3y3, Environmental Laboratory, P.O. Box 33331, Last changed: 6/26/00 003042 Co Internal Corespondence cei D. R. Ricker - 53:4 C. S. Chow - 21-2W (58) Fite:Yes T1og08 FY"0, R. R. BURFORD - COMMERCIAL CHEMICALS DIVISION - 236-1 SFiotm EF.C-7A.80 RFEOINAEMRING- EINNVIARCOTNIMVEANTTEADLSLLUADBGOERATORY (EE & PC) - 21-2W (58) r eeeees reeee emesmeeeeseen We conducted two sets of tests in the Environmental Laboratory to determine the FC-780 concentration that would cause foaming in activated sludge waste treatment systems. The first FC-780 in set 100 of ml otfestasctiivnavtoeldvedslusdhgaek.ingR1e0turanndsl1u0d0g.emg/l of was resuspended to 3000 mg/l in primary treatment* 1 effluent from the St. Paul Metro Waste Treatment Plant i l(essese Pthhoantosone1--5h)a.if iAnfctherof30 fsoeunconfdosrmeofd vatigo1r0o0usmg/slhaking, SC(ooPlvhueotrtieoodn1)t.haendTehdtegheesjacroosfntrctoholentabsoiltnuhidnggehadstuhresflai1cg0eh.tmg/floamFC-t7ha8t0 only Tchoonucgehntrlaittitolne oorf n1o0 mfgo/alm, watshefsolrumdegdesatcoanntaFCi-n7i8n0g this concentration and 100 mg/l of FC-780 did not settle well after shaking (see Photo 5). Shaking in the pInrestehnecesluodfge1.0 mg/l of FC-780 entrained air bubbles A second set of tests was then run in which aeration - with an air sparger at 500 ml/min. replaced shaking (see Photos 7-10). No foam formed even at 100 mg/l, and no settling problems developed. These same samples, when shaken, behaved as in the first set of tests (see Photo 11). *Primary treatment is the first major step in wastewater ~ treatment in which settleable solids are removed. ~ 00304: . R. R. Burford -2- August 15, 1979 WSCehoankdfiionooiglonttsehseto:faern"attMaiecomtng,o"treesasstttpmaiororene,scsCllyoosssteeellmyytsshiiammnuulltaahtteees the foaming or settling problems below 100mg/l. LLoAn fon-- { 003044 NN Prat . Cc miN om , " L CONT. 10 100 | } oe "0 Time 0 PEAT py 16 MON ArrRo: xe 3000my [2.SS | . oa -- YF} ' rey - S | <n BY 3 wn 3 : . CONT. 10 joo a CONT. is 00 pb StuosF ~8coc rats Mg ~ 2 hes. sing. n == -- lA -----y-- * Lt > Pheto 2 - \ = mi .= = EE '' ainf-- sl ZR 1 couTRIL CoN, 10 joo BEST copy AVAILABLE 003045 "x fC yg Bp: - bh' mEL g lon[g4yjoogf| m/ i=f or Ley : ` Tw wr -- 2P % E 20CMW. Plas Ve r, 2 ---- ONTROL JO i N PE i Br. fine sagt A a al of Som QurcTink @ sont 8 :8 > i i es 5 mL o smn TN ` =. S wn R aRE ONTROL 15 Ig oof . "ETA oe ving4 : jog) 003046 SITATRRANES Book -- s2ew fRaati tEENvViIRn,,ASSESasSes. INQ, 1. HRB Ee Plesos give fo LAS 8 Wer PRREOQDUUECSTT EFCOORLOLGAIBCOARLATAOSRSEYSSWMOERNKT he Hn me Las neauesnoT._ SOS an so eam ad sents || mabe|algtaoton dolf vom Erie Bx RequesTen Frorete 2577 Requeit Ont: fers 5 --SEOIFLI OO [37 ove recavei soma LABBOoRAGTOoRYt Rie LAA prGoojdeacNto.No. 24FO 270 Sample Ge Prob. Noi Bove Nevded: | HDoruersCoSpmepnite:e&d TE79 vg 7 3 PDeusrcproispetioonf:EE Fazer (ri <T0 e ho ora = FE ry x lessCall RequIefOsnetyseAvre Encoumaed. \ Ss mm re ots AP Deorni A FC7L %0T ovSFTTE--LII n|Z JZ one T0 HTTN ooated,(e L o[e76h=xZ ol @ 706 2pm grSola ti 120s PA op -- CTg to y ACY] i)mee Toc DO ReoTe at T| ITJoI ad95o[fR/X0070 doBL A ma 775T 0x "hlif ion pk ScCeoormomuAnec7 i(rA i(eGetee |N\ T(a SIaA7LSh[d70g[[ eR.XofDI1 Eer1 =Al77 eod" Sr f e i T c pad F] le ts ox) T T IT=e ZT e ah o]e |Se had ad BIOASSAY nines I o2f 3&0 sed[o|]bec ssfveesty caon 8T00o00c,gvim sre r fern omRmie Cerer TT 11 = A fef]im fe err> y L gT eT [ir 1n[-- e g gac r b,-- d r1k ] 7] e | foA pen79 [(2) foofpr Tho |(D gowtvo1 t|] [Toee e TORTaYfe"l |{|F GkRRSEESKEAEpJUAlaEzL a=liT s SPRd7&ITCEEDISESBoo. A ApeIT 1 Come =||(POroPEAS rcAheEdS) |] < ReRee Gm EnroErn OePie P1 E E1 ee46G 30 e ew4 5a Ree aero rres PROJECT NO.. Subject: FOAMMG oF FCT780, 3M Lo7- S01 TECHNICAL WHEN NOTEBOOK No. MIYED Daw: 50278 &-0739 " | VWiItTH70MuSNiEeEIPLpELVEWLASoTFEFWCAT7E8R0,1A0C7TIS0V1ATETDHAZToGaEp,GE TREATED LITHOUT Z EVVIRINMEUTAL Lag Fohmpg, REQUEST MD, 503K SCOPE: Utniue Comenritratiduns FCTBO, corso) wpnloStE Puancktila= tel fm reon Her Eges plYahna,ro @ Te nF Ppt) rine Jerrad, 8G ra , arebcl mB ae. > A 5 A MLZ pinies of Fe 780, fF 12,000 = /,000 = soo mI Lor50] 4s 1), inn 20 Onl tf rachis +h Dood rfHe Alt of vseVA mal FC7801)0550) numa ; auttit aeTiimcd Pe: The pussparcicd haclye slide cohemButite of fe . w05ageeEngooo ot2] ng v 1 fom "py 3 forts Fbilintn sina adslest Fh 90dofshdtge. ) eo Ea nn orpal Vignv al y Sol Gservaryls AN a Sen and habit, TM ---- --_-- FOAM EIGHT AT TIME (em) SORT read Jomg/t Hine N oo(100th,(0Prtngl/x -- , Tod vee 2a Zen Sem Ee = Ten TL] peFam dew 1 VoFoAm ~ Bem 2 em *AH A* te.* -- coonptr Bsm owe 8=07-79- .. 00304 PROJECT ro |Suc 823901530 AD 3M TECHNICAL NOTEBOOK No. Due: LR SB3E 5027s P-07-70 2 | rete Cont, Pp ry 7 | Note! FE Lt Joma ohaaecdri(e0d0Y0mugr[0fhFeem-7i4t0 raeid)e etri= | ttle rll TR pla lrit ripe a, Fadia ~2 re % # He rnstonsed rine afudars, rr, | ; : Stuase ~gooo. 3i Cn vari | @m \ 9 ' oe Q tb ogee ad C ) Fe | z | mn | 0 covrma ST Bail didn ne dia tt ink gi, exremmeyr$5) =<. i CE 210 Lord sex of 5 i, Calo , re 000mg8 Sent 10ml ofFu Panfg8 FC-780, Lor sv) Atr sverei prdi) d4 | | 30 2fn0 nodktFoaAigelrsw(Sak x 10L. 17Epor p4lA)s7fb0inneet.o)nfd lene I " TackTF waeplod oo F. o lations . 7 7 Pa Con. onpaged -- i. senseLele A. 524.0 , Due. F=07-72 ne. 003049 S PROn JECTNo949292700004122.720006THED Mm TECHINNTICALNOTEBOOK a)3 LARRY 820378 < fect: | Reference: eam, J pop 5 ) BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2BSER VAT (00S i jo tte oan : CONTROL fomg/t = Pomgfr = Foam HEIGHT AT Tu. ZERO) MIN. Zu. gEwiM. TBwem) 22ecmm -l em l0o Bem 2 How Bem Jew: id Zem | NOTE! Uf rma Hat TyG of He | | an not He, Fadaa eng FC Wf Ll Sax Apo and ~fr ofHos page. i PEpr eg. pla i <i. FOAM HEIAGTHTITM pp ENToo=RlI 32BLEaRw. ZMeN: JBreumN: joopuuln. JG Oem Ex fo loma/t = {ode To Bem hBem . | : Ted Jem Fem on. Oem 3h Sem . aHonreY; dhtmiarrmasecshatiosetYahaitsThFee-s7c80v,etyCHTA$0/Fwcmacs | as ordda or He end) | I Lsena -- Laste 4. eonX. onpage 0 TT 90 -- I w ue=07-79 003050 Pre [GL. NRT &-c)- 7 eo | 3 i" %[-Nieradi REINA = li vl = ei NE CONT. 10 joo | AirRax, 300[72 SS- 07-77 aN 2 MIN. ge : ajef=i = {la WW Bl [IE h[hh= 7"s =84|5 IE ile | | i b: RK CONT. 10 joo E. oy LEB xw i.B o ri || = =X=3 i: | had] | .kk aS y CONT.+ 0 loos wil Eng am exp. 3 1G MIN Eam | Een FRe a Li Lod eo a| \ || CONT. "jo 100.4 || CONT. jo joo . hy Minin e &2 g S 5 g =mn C : hit : 003051 SPuRbjOeJctECT No.#2937090(9276200600L7AD2) iets 3M TECHNICAL NOTEBOOK NDou.e: 5 (or"s4S10 257555 Reference: &ont.,Pom Prge BEST COPY Agu EXPERIMENT (C) LE | AH pg Ht 5 fLr IEE ect) vie. 3. EA SitmEdm placid Jo Emi. &Spl many ava ns 0d err Fre Aspersiiy FeberAang AS rai mal] (see nck, 28seprions PLL of lt me CE> 2hoRmeU 3 ng Vieaerate LIoe. tery | 3. TRx E"yAf 7 Hille ws Fe Bria pian ip JIE rrgt Se phnfuck of hi asad ENG EE - S } Rik fepl= sop Pol'fu -- Tosivhy Supe ly slat o (oye ce th . 003052 exp, 1 } | . The plete --_-- wre ahi i He Suns gore pals BEST COPY AVAILABLE & RB ps] ne PE 3 . contioL fog[i fod Cd . -y ; L,. & Co A a. exoic) i = Seis . wer BE % 4 reg] ongfe og > | 1INTROL 104 2 SW Exp) a ) a5 1. a ext : ] if 10 MT id i SAE py 4 OANTTRROLL [omg fg ull : nN t "hy ) " | Eay omg fs i 003053 EPRs OJICTvo NO.Fa7t00t/27p0e0er ie 3M TETECCHHNNIICCAALL NiNOTEBOOK Yo. Lh S035 PAC 2592783 11 Rees: ond formspage 10. BEST COPY AVAILABLE EXPERIMENT (BD : : anPifonflaatmAaeisnRatre.Zw(p7ir5iiFn)nt (C) Mak 20k "17 hr, 30 see. ae Ln fprimints 493. Ving 2tttc fons forma i yee Fe mio) w7ae oy otprHe paleyHisngeeooTnac)iurLlydFme-a78s0,sceosrso, Heately A EpperdeiArtsi The plats beforrnrno Lidons 20pmsin. ager yo rnitrhnied wine. ahatopss xP.CD) _ 5-08-79 EE mo4gf | CE 20 MIN a # Fr ; ary, oT , 10218 3 2 |DRE IE di bid li iPsa ! Z=z - [sen L5 ate4, 0 [F-- Due 8-08-79 Pe 003054 ----. an TExhp T-- eTe -- | ps A Tre Tra of LTT NY HE pa EEN { | mo hs Io oo -- "Th rT : Tr & I | |Xnemer (Lo pon i -- i vie r Ct SA , : { 11 Hl I oo Lr tor. Cantal 12 10mg) R 192 100m weft IH = E : LRU: GYI2 FOAMING STUDY RESULTS 7 9 SQ < 3 : g g o 003056 LRN: 69125 3M ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY (AFFF Foaming Study) Protocol Reference: EAR 6/13/81 SL-a5m4p3l9e, Dcecs8clr4i-p2t8i,on:F-6661, Lot 501 ADnatael:yse:6/W1.8A/.81 Scheil TThreeatamcetnitvatPeldantslu(dPgieg'smixEeyde) loinquo6r/1w8/a8s1.obtaTihneedestfirmomatetdheMMLeStSro ccstoounndccyee.nnttrraattiioonn uwassingnottheadjSupesct.ed 20pritoerchntioqureunwnaisng 2,t1he00 fmoga/mli.ng "The 14th Ed., pp. 89-98. The MLSS protocol of the for TS mixed liquor and found to was analyzed using the standard be 2,100 mg/l and 1,900 mg/l (duplicate analyses). TS Protocol Reference: Standard Methods, Awitshtocdkeiosnoilzuetdionwatoefr.1.0 g AFFF/100 ml was prepared by dilution Five 250-ml graduated cylinders were filled to the 200-ml mark ewniotuhght,healfirqeusohtsmixoefd clleiaqruors.uperWnhaetne twheeresodlriadwsn hoafdf saesttlfeodllofwasr: Cylinder Cylinder #1 #4 - - 30.m0l;ml;CyClyilnidnedrer#2#5- 0.30 - 10 ml; ml. Cylinder Then the #3 - same 1.0 ml; volume oOff AclFeFaFr sstuocpkernsaotleutdironawnwasOffa.ddedThetocytlhiendceyrlsinwdeerres atshenthecovveorleudmes with Parafilm and mixed by inverting. series of 0, 15, 50, 150, and 500 mg/l This prepared a of AFFF in mixed dilution liquor. The solutions were divided into two 100 ml aliquots. 100 ml was lpoeufrtedin itnhteo 520500--mmll gcyrlaidnudaetresd. cylinders and the other 100 ml was SHAKE TEST The portions which wailtlhowePdaratofilstmanda.nd were left in the 250-ml cyinders vigorously shaken for 30 seconds were covered and then Photographs were taken and the foam volumes were measured at the following intervals: a"n' Foam Volume (m1) a, AFFF Conc. Time 0 Min. Min. Min. Hour 50 ng/L 6 2 0 0 0 0 mg/l 2 [ 0 0 0 15 mg/1 2 0 0 0 0 oo 150 mg/1 16 8 500 mg/l 36 30 4 2 0 22 10% 1lo* *The foam appeared less dense then previous observation. Page 1 of 3 003057.~ LRN: 69125 AFFP FOAMING STUDY - continued ADnaatle:yst:6/W1.8A/.81Scheil Trheeadifnogamtvhoelugmreadu(amtl)eswaosn mtehaesucryeldindienrsl.ieu of foam height by The settling of the solids was observed after 1 hour. ConcAeFnFtEration SetvtolleudmeSooflids FloaVtoilnugmeSooflids 150 mmgg//l1 50 mg/1 - 1260 mm11 10 m1 - 1110 mnl1 12 nl 155000 mmgg//11 96 mml1 1132 mm11 Atpifhttoleterodgr1a'phShowuirrwlaeosdf tAsafketetentrlianf1gt,eHroutrh1 eSmeictnytulltiienndgeo,rfsTs=we1etrtelMiinns.gw'.irleTSdheee anpcdhyoltiaonders wt2e0hriesminpt.ohienntS,esewitrphelheodtsoeatttlsiietnlcgeodndof'tSitwmhieerleasdnodlaidas2npdhaopTtpioemgaerr,eadphT=u2wn0aisfMoirtnma.k'einn Aatfter all concentrations. AERATION TEST Twheere1e0a0c-hmlaeproartteiodnsforwhi5chminweurteespoatureadpprionxt.o t5h0e0 minute using gas dispersion tubes with fritted m5l00-omfl acirylipnerders glass ends. oFvoearm ithne thteop5o0f0-ntgh/elcysloilnudteironbyhadswitrolibnegcotnhetroalilredsupfprloym ctuobmiinngg. Tcthhoeensicfdyoelarimiannbdgleeriananmdotuhenitns15t0ohfeabntdohedy5m0io0xf-emdgt/h1eliqsfuoooalmru.tsioolAnilsdmsocsatrurpiaeltdlheosfidtehse of ts`hoAelfitdeasrera5itn iMiotnnh.e pAe5er0ri0ao-dtm.igo/nl.S'eseolupthiootnos wetrietlerdemo'vDeudrinfgromAesraotliuotni'on aundring AwttihethtshiePdaeresna.dfilofnAftteharendatheiirnsav,teirottenhdepesfroeiavomedr,avloltuhtmeiemsecsylweitrnoedewmraessahswuetrrheeedcsoaovtleirdteshdeoff --.following intervals: Page 2 of 3 003058- AFFF FOAMING STUDY - continued LRN: 69125 ADnaatel:yst:6/W1.8A/.81Scheil AEE Conc. Time 0 1 Min,Foan5 VWionl.ume 2(0m1W)in. 1 150 nmgg//11 00 00 00 00 15500 mmgg//11 05 00 00 00 500 mg/1 15 10% 10% 10% *The foam appeared less dense than the previous Tchoencesnettrtaltiinognso.f the solids appeared uniform in Hour 00 00 5+ observation. all Page 3 of 3 003059_ LO . EAR 5/13/81 PROTOCOL FOR AFFF FOAMING STUDIES 1. obtain fresh activated treatment plant. sludge mixed liquor from Metro 2. 6U0s0ingnm tvheerSspuesc552,0 atdejcuhsntiqMueLSaSndtoth2e000grampgh/lofbyadDIsorwbaatnecre at addition or by centrifugation and discarding supernatant. 1. oMfakethi5s00,slu1d5g0e,. 50, 15, and 0 mg/l solutions of APFP in 200 ml 4. Divide cach solution into 2, 100 jar 500 mwlithvolautmelteraisct c2y00linmdlerosf. head ml parts. space and Placing 1/2 in a the other half in 5. Cover and shake cach jar vigorously for 30 seconds. 6. Take photographs and measure foam height immediately after shaking (time 0) and at hour. "Also observe and 1 minute, 5 minute, photograph how well 20 minute, and 1 sludge settles. 7. Aerate the AFF sludge mixtures in for 5 minutes at 500 ml of air per the volumetric cylinders minute using gas' dispersion tubes with fritted glass ends. #. aAggaaiinn', maokbeserpvheotofgoraamphhse.ight or volume and sludge settling, BEST COPY AVAILABLE : 003060 "ME = -- RIAL . = B i : ISA LI ell pm ro CRA 68IE AT: : ! hot EL mh iA ELLIE TIME = 7 MIA, T TIE = T Far LRN: CHIZ a: Co i /Tl |al SCEN TErp Hn ie TN s o i fom SAe x AN = A3 niP CEI 5| 3S) CRT 11-1: LLL y E p TIME = SHIN . LRN: e812 a LLL A 0 aKNii A eg ELE Na AFFF FOAMING STUDY, LAN: 68125 | " * EE i SWIRLED AFTER | Raum 3eTrLiNG Tom RE [AA 2 PRT. Ld | ENFE E-S Sys + ANS iH aEEER LRU: CPZ SWIRLED A 2M) T3 IME, T= 20 1o4Mp, i BE * ORY AH ar. `A | i 3 . Ee: A CRT IHD LAV: 687% BEST COPY AVAILABLE B[ress] a AFEF FOAREMRIANTGIOSNTUDTYE,ST PHLRONT:OS68125 N DURING AERATION = AFTER 20 <4 EP Laat Toth in Lori BT] Ea biol aranliEs A 8 aE @ rs ok 4 BEil DUR) [x eB ) " = AERATION = AFTER J MIM. ! | EEer R.xhLori aditsI : Go | Eade | BEI "1 EF Lan wy ET \ @ 8 TTT UM . g= EE aa | g | ---- : & AFTER S Ail. AGRATTO, --_-- 2a oH - ne 20 = hdl E | HL e oA] \\ [J ETYYEaS BeE "A E EE El AIR IS SHUT OFF LRN: 6812 5 [3 53 AFFE AFEORAAMITNIGONSTTEUDSYT, PHOLTAONS: 6812 TIME=O Lou: 6BIZS | TIME = 20 MyM. LRA:68/2 me IP dn SE i Tl bial a LELt TH Ra L I uy AFTER INVERTING) STII TIME = [Mi LRU: 68/28 REEL ET n rTI SHERRIE INIT El CR Sa A gooin Heb ig. rT na "TIME= SHIN LRN: GBIZS | ini ETE IH [1 | Hf IS | pT _ J |S I PRET TUTE || E I g a NTT oo TME= HOUR RUT 68/Z m g BW j A HEi ET i ' | 2 I rE Yeti IN 7 --- =f= ot ct = ; LE Pha) LTS 4 Pe rail " |i 181) He 7 Re 5 fs} TI Bi "7 byTR SF) Rr 5 gy. i cua 003064 - fe AL asentoey SB COPY AVAILABLfEr:ie 7 0 Nes A AE] N pL EAVIG EWsAtBIuTdAyL SSHaAsKEson TEST - a em Ge Sehae l Sf PROTOCOL. REFERENCE AR 3 EAR g/n)gy 72 4 TE Eei ole lo [RA (UA ld ne[Te pits TE ar ror orrr 1 gE re TC ae rr To die Fan 4 2 --rerelet[fv IT rTFTLI] TrroteTo dr Le TT 1 a wu 2s set Us[= 3 eglmae| 1/5 |) dene MEOAD aftrShe (homer Aellee Soe ggg + 30 | - acelaelige| [4| hlfadthn atl & fea anbadalSeir A ee a Te numbingerat veckorer 4 pe rere oe ed] Br ee A i ogi speisr gare rT rr ET 5 H Te EA Ts[Torr 1e0TroeI I LiE llle al linOiY]aEd ash) 2EE sla TT TT RUA sand sedeiinel 52 aadal nn al TTTTTT Asda Jah ok vided dedi Ze fie HM a gr TF rr TT al oTE: uel OOFmuTdoRfEAVETIONSdere doymage| TT 1 H Be A A e e r4 1 er rr Ia Ee lr r ee S -------- +Te ro eee se ee a TT] A etme eeTE ae Aas h---- rrr re ee TE i Cl{ | 3 ig | DRGY faaewvemmentear arininoamesoeBrEsSTD.COYPYAVAILABLE ea e OAMING STUDY -- AaroAERnT , STes T 7 = PRoTEeL RErerence ey p oye . gs70g are 35-72 ser w. 22 Trae TL TET airu ft es ee aa i a : Hee EE EE 3HS ger I Teo|=TGBos gosl [impT ccT as caT a 4 a TT le Mnaladdat ae aDF u Seeme are Er ee | ge e ett mae eLT fme heFd =] fuse AFLp contestation] ictiny tia k F WrPTeErDvaufoooMkEmaiTE oe ateeidrior nlsWEEEJor i iA ee En A boA] A NN PeoreakReadeickr Zax S747 Bat Za ASEFakbet a rrr8Sr S r G r SA Rr A AWha ] ot A ar------------ ------------ Se---- r Nx-- r rr rr rr t rrr t rrT --11 T1 rrr] rr "~--T1T errs) 11 f 11r 111 a --]-- t --ttt Fine poe same oescrTion EST COPY AVAILABLE BI ENVIRONMENTAL ENGR. LAB -- WORK SHEET owRSNoTR T7625-- [Cr -- _ Foaming Study -- Notes -_-- ed hpuc aclicihlobudge -- 7 r-- ere ------ p------ reece--e-- er fo Y ' on 2 - reesepeeeeeemspeereeseeslmeeesmineee SS by Spectre method -- 22005 /2 re e e ree teset eee petal he 200w/t by oddivg 7Chl _-- ______,,,Zv Thy vwiged Legoien 100 Mir) pi fong nod wend ua om Zt, LT eoes inerap i rop n os 2s? late 3/isfz . Puitoct. 2 SARS) (See Sno LagReg # 6912 The oral ol M, ss (Ts, of vie uty. aL Z ad Life pina Milirmaiod fo be 2000melp _ --_-------------- w)a.5cdnZ 3-17-02 --e--n--e-------------------------------------------- eee emesiseee Reiewsaty: -- TTT 003067 oe -------- TSiETER R RI Lp n e e SRE eRA SeRR pli sro igT AaTa EoNn n va tlvsA ol 3 ny Or +. Obtain: fresh a ocorSoiEintAerFOAHINGa 0oa BSdSEl AN Ee e mad } `iaatenr;eaatmtehnetpSliantc.ti iovaCteS d mlR uGdEiHad&s mSixeaOd yal1TEERcHE TrRoEEmia Nera:dTi IOe y LTES| { | a1d6d00itninonveorrsusbcy5c520e;nt2trdeijcuhnsikqMuEsSSandt:o t2h0e00Grmagp/hlofbyadO DsIowrban atreicrc e*Anit a iuir E d Ad m1SaF,kethi5s:00,slu1d5g0e,. $L6A,G7A3N3f,uaga0tioN!n,AoVasn1ddmiomsotcluasr1i3doinnegOFsuApT FbrFnEaiE tna'nt2I ,00 a mit a| ln of | + 1D1505i05vimd11eoveomalcauhmesetorali5uett.i2eo0nr0p,i1in1tns0d.83e,tn2se11s07s0E'AmEp1alpS aa'rstned.E chPal'acciR iindg, 1{/R 22 inAaE 'mfiidr i fover and shakeeach Tiaghkaekinpghot(otgraphs and jmaera.suyrieGorfcoaumsihyeifgohft3i0nnseedconds. ,fyi wf RAL | hour', ine "Also" a bs0)etaynedaantd`IpRpaitnoagcrearph minute, how well 20iamtienlutye;afatnedr sludge settl MoLsaei|] dffioorsrpaeg5resmiitonhnueteAtsPEat s5l0u0dgmel moifxtauirrespeirn es. mtihenuvtoeluusmientgrigcascylinders i' Si: THA | i :M9ain, {Aga ubes with Tekeroa observe. foan height `of. glass ends. volume and sludge ; settling, i Sd Han i Si { n NE make Photographs." Sen tale NeRALok 5 RS i 3 Fon, oe Eg ire 2a RARER E pits xX wTEfEi S Te Br 0Apia Ey CR SER fe Th | RR} ae | A FlTbonL e WHa ER lRin E SRECC SE S07 BEST. / RE i sii Hain "COPY.AVAILABLE a To mines, a bol SLU gl AGRE Th Ra pERtE a ir fg mAR n Choa A fene s nahe ASEERSwih 5 sai Si HS SReEoii l CTSC R aP b arR n a mae eda dies Raedl a ee M I LSe FE : a 1 A HA a F SeeLHU E aE men Seman cn a chee me 3; : Boob gn El | a apy a A on SCr TRilaS, E : cope esitr Beer " 003068 oul _ N (RN 7625 oy Lisl Tac ; "I I0 E 10 SoE Id &fg. pw Fem Pi Gay } 3 CTR TT g- -- a bi i SA i iBv ceo3o% DURING AEC ATISN TEST =a ~ SEE _AcapTion) ~ A. TEL a Sim rae h s)"| Ei 0 IONKENGE ` E-20. 3C. " Ie2.0 MN IT HF NN Zan-d) BERIN 4 7 we AR - Aeris Taad -| oy _ Ey wn 262) SE vo ] 5 JSa Vaden R; EE}: Fo_2022c AERATION$ZCEST 4I --- Iiy Ri H2l i wan 7a 625 Coye l e % T | gloT w: e ai f 5 . ee. _ 'H OiaRE = FjE BEERSE. | -- Fr - note. i - o My. BEST COPY AVAILABLE FC-203C MIN. 003069 " SHAKE TEST LAY 7025 [1K 7] EN v p;a. RY Fs i i FER AR Rg: Ea FC-203 C FE T= 0 Mi, BEST COPY AvaiLABLE Photo @ & ml. woe ni Haha, Ld SHAKE TEST ca Was B MN TE " om Tr.o-. A'0 ys 230 = NA N SE2 A d [9 3 EN Wa.boRwi ll [TT am res cad 762. ' = o riAt.o =ala lnHE S E ym3 = EThSe il i: 1 Hl IB L] 8 [4 4 Sm : SE 0 ~-258c LJ ; Zo pp FC- 203C a OO M v5 AERAT(ON TEST id ed Bog, rae cI" i eu) 7625 Ey lon fos enn WEE \ PERRET ney ke | p-- lb Ze-206 jo <a Dur iG `Codie AERATION pW erie =~ t AE<RATION ' TEST { 5 . Co IE 1 LAN 7627 [ge x :~ oo | EanJom LIE yZL S fjp _c 2 I oe Op ee i. Sc RATION TEST can) 7625 "a em --_ a [l tL = BRET 0 `n Ya LB } nl" *i x "Hl Po Wm mm wm Seem --ol_ re go (i BE fl ozote 20 MIL Gonilion Test cai) Jo0d RARE oN B ` A: Hg | 4& A Fo PEi - = = Horrip y Is1. |. poc i ! gee foe dd J AB SR ,, ` [ERLE i VEY BE lV CC 20.D606C oOoNM + BEST COPY AVAILABLE C-206C - AA 003071 Sade Toit CRE 7625 Sy yi oe le Fry = BEST COPY AVAILABLE Zc - 206 C 7= 0 rrr] State Tas? Lr 26257 TILLY I" -- ml ih ! AN 2 STR i --_ : ; : = S_haki iTy est Lal} 1 Lid =n(Aw Te Soo---- 2. |re-zog ce EE ---- 3 hotre To 5 mn) LRN 7625 4 ae : ee 1 Fed -- PRE NEA 3 I ox val JER Ye He WF 4 12d 4 - gS = wa = Eze HO My) fC-206 5-0 1. 1/ ri `Sample Description - cSoF p oohst, Jooou fi ene A Envitronamenm taliLab -- Work Sheet Lab RequestNo. /4B0) o "0 ----f -- of r --____ a-- 7 --SY-- - ee ee -------- 2 Solution coca ---- Adioaer, 02050Eat a _ a eee e n a a a Co 003073 Technical Report Summary 3M Tor Patont & Technical Communications Services -- 201.2612 Report Sumay mustbe pewter.Guldelesare on eves sce eport spot on bo acesofpaper,sandeopis 08 75, mDReoomcbuemre_nt S0v22e7n rw {fal Fo E TrT M. T. e.=.2 Pike = 236=1B-3: emer Siseen a Fr [13/9 _ aTJn.iMo8rgan, B.D. Hovel EnviEnrgino eerin ng&mPole lutin on Ct onca xodl ___QL 8/19/92 e ~ et 089 |psec. EPPResearch.and Developmen. -- eR eee RoThpewores Res of Selected Antifoan Agents in Suppressing Foam... FLAoqiaugnehotusWatFeilrsBFroarndmiAnFgFEFoan WFaossteSDuipsrpeossseilon Vastevater Treatment - [ADPrenofjteoitsfOnoibanigmcAig&eRnAagtpeesnrts .. ASvEact efficiency in the treatment works. 3ruMnnriengcosmemweenrdtshattofcluowsstotmoearswatshtaetwAatFeFrFturseaagtemewnatsstyesstebme.dHfistphoesAeFdFoFfibnytdhielutsiengwathgeeiwsansotte and flushing it into a sufficiently dilute,foam may occur in the aeration basin ofwastewater treatment systems. This may cause cleanup problems and reduced ing asrated solutions. `sIelnxtuphdeigsreismmteiundxtyea,ldtwlhoieqrukeofrcf.oeTnchstiievseetnfeefdseoscftaianvdeddnierneslgsatotifhvetehacenotsaitnftooifaf`mocaaommnsmdew3racMsiaAdleFltyFeaFrvmapiirnloaedbdulcebtaysnttthioefiaornaambapierlrotaydtuteocdtpssroelwvueetnirotenfeoovfaawmlaiutanetgreidon.rtTahhceteivated inthe nti foaming by screening tests, the 31 a 500 mg/Lsolutionof antioams supplied AFFF in adelonized by nine wate manufaciurers wer evaluated frtheir abilty 0 control osfoltuetsitosnccoanussisetdetdhoefcsounccceenstsriavteiloynaodfdAiFngFFantoAiFnFcFresaosleutiinotnhteros`aoslnoultuatieioronan.twheTidwleaelnttvhieetaoanantmtiisffooolauamtmisocpno.anscAesdnetddraitthtiisoitoneofsdtent.chsrAeeAsasFeeEdcE.odsneedt NEimnuelsainotnifAoFa-m9s3,wearnedfAonutnidftooabmeEmeuflfescitoin|veAFin-9th0e2s0e;HeexpnekreilmDenetfso:aGmEerSWilBi-c2on0e9saAnntdiFfooaammEmmaulsstioeTM|nrAFD-S7;2U,n Antifoam SAG 2001 Organosilicone Emulsion SRE. Emulsion; Wacker Silicones. Antifoam Agent SE-36, Antifoam Agent ion Carbide SWS-214, and Antifoam these, Silicones the most SRE. cost effective are Henkel WB-209, GE Silanes AF-9020, Henkel Foammaster TM DS, and Wacker FRST5e Seco 3RPAita5 PReasneearchana Baio MAMRaunafgaocmteunitnSgimary 5 OpunReporangSumman _ 00STFENaPGciirnoeyoeiSrnFgeate 0GOToGmEoHwSE,RSmaoret Cessd5 FoOrItROoeencSoufimovmsarnrtyodn[38Chemical Reale 5emNewoSpheri Fepoonraess IE ll inl 003074 ANTIFOAMTAHGEEENFTFSECINTSIVUEPNPERSESSSOIFNSGEFLOECATMECDAUSED BY LIGHT WATER BRAND AFFF SOLUTIONS INTRODUCTION Aprqiumearoiulsy tfoilcmonftorromlincgomfbouasmtsio(nAFhFaFz)aradrseawnadteerxtbiansgeudi,shsufrirfeasctiannvtolcvoinntgahinyidnrgocparrobdounctlsiquusidesd. 5In0tthheaitr tuhsee,foAaFmFFspargeeandtssoavreerdtihleutheyddirnowcaatrebronanldiqsuipdr.aAypepdlitchartoiuognhofaAfFoFaFm pfroervmeinntgsnaonzzdle veaxtpionrgsueiaslheisnhCilbaitsssrBeffliarsehs ebvyesnpwrehaednintghea fvoaapomr-bsleaanlkeitngisfirlumpotvuererdthaendliaqulisdo feunla.bTlheissthe epxrcoedlulcetnttopebreieutsraetdintgo apnrdevweentttiinggniqtiuoanliotfiensonw-hiegnnituesdesdpiollns.ClInasasddAitfiiorne,s.AAFfFteFr pthreoivriudsees, wbaisodteegAraFdFaFblseolauntdiohnasvferolmowacttouxiaclitoyrtsoimauqluaattiecd ofirrgeafnigihstmisngiancctliuvdiitnigestahreempiacrtrioaollryganisms in cwoansttreowlaletderrattreesaitnmteonat swyasstteemwsa.teTrhetrrsefaotrmee,ntwassytsetsemfrfoomr AFFF usage disposal. can be discharged at tArdeiastpmoesnatlaperraotbiloenmbianshienrs.enEtxtcoeismspirvoepefrolaymihnagndilneadnAaFerFaFtiwoansbtaessiniscfaonamcianugseinawdausatlewater fprroombltehme.aFeirrsatt,iotnhebassuisnp.eTnhdiesdcaauctsievsatceldesalnu-dugpepsroolbildesmcsanatatthteacwhastotetwheatfeoratmreaantdmebnet lifted spluasntp.enSdeecodnmdi,crtohbeiarlemsaoliindisnganadcttihvearteefdosreluidsgneotmiaxseedffleicqtuiovreiisndterpelaettinegd woafsmtuewcahteorf.its fCoolmlmowoendl.y3,Mexrceecsosmivmeenfdosamtihnagt iLsigchatuWsaedtebryTMdiAsFpFosFalwarsetceomsmheonudldatfiirostnsbenottrebaetiendgin an solelw-ewra.teIrf psreoppaerraltyormeftoelrloewde,dLbiyghmteWtaetreedrTMdiAsFcFhaFrgceonocfetnhteraatqiuonesourseafcrhaicntgiotnhteoaaerrautninoinng pbarsoidnucotfsaawreasdteeswiagtneerdttroebatemuenstedsyastteeimthweirll6n%ootrc3au%secoenxcceenstsriavteiofnosamiinnwga.te3rM.'FsoAr FitsF6% _ iAnFtFhFe rceocnecievnitnrgataeesr,at3ioMn rbeascionmwmiellnndost aexdciesechda1r0ge0 rmagteAsFucFhFtchoantctehnetrAaFtFeFpecronlicteenrtorfation rseewcaogmem.enDduse atodiitsschhiagrhgeer rsautrefascutcahnttchoantctehnetrAaFtiFoFn,cofnorceintstr3a%tiAonFFinFtchoenrceecnetirvaitnegsa3erMation abcacseinptwaiblllenoctonecxecneterdat5i0onmsgofALFiFghFt cWonacentTMtrAaeFteFrpFerhlaivteer bofeesenwdaegtee.rmTihneedvaelxupeesrifmoerntthaelly 1 003075 aatnadpaprreopsroiamteewhleavtelsc,ontsheeryvawitlilvneo;ttchearuesfeoreexcifetshseivAeFFfoFamwiansgteisn tahree dreicsecihvairnggeadertoataiosnewer basin. dSiosmchearwgaesotfewtahteecrotllreecattemdenAtFsFyFstweamssteasreproafctaincaibnlseu.ffFicoirenstuscihzesittoesm,a3kMe metered recommends one omfettewroeddisdpiosscahlaragleteirnntaotiavelsa:r1g)ertwraansstpeorttrienagtcmoelnltecfatceidlitwya;sotre2)madtiesrcihaalrsgbiyngtathnek twnausctkes aftora haingthiefroarmataege(unpttaod8d0e0d mtog/thLevsw.as5t0eosry1s0t0emmgt/oLs)upwiptrhesasppfrooapmriinagt.e concentrations of an cCaonsseesqoufenitmlpyr,optehrerdeisips oasanleeofd AtoFFidFenwtaifsytteheormwohsetneftfheectAiFveFaFntwiafsotaem maugsetntbsetdo ibsechuasregdedin aetffheicgthievrenreastseso.fTsoevaecrhailecvoemtmheirscgioaalll,yaatvwaiolapbhlaesaendtisftouadmy awgaesntcsomopnlceutrerdentto LeivgahltuWataettheeTMr A19F8F2Fapnrdod1uc9t8s7."S,ifmioluanrdsStuWdSi-es21co4nsduupcptleidedinbtyhSe W3SM Environmental Laboratory Silicones Corporation and between WB-209 sinucplpuldieedthbeysDeiparmodouncdtsShinamthrios csktutdoy.beSWthSe-2mo1s4tiesfnfeocwtivper.oTdhuecreedfobrye,WacacrkeerwaSsiltiackoneensto Corporation and WB-209 is now produced by Henkal Corporation. Phase one of this study contacted and asked to was a survey of run independent atnetsitfsotaomemvaanluufaatcettuhreeresf.feEclteivveennecssomofpathneiiers were asunptpilfioeadmssaomnpLliegshtaWnadttehrreTMe AcFomFpFlesotleudtieovnasl.uOatfitohnes eleven of their manufacturers products. The contacted, three nine mSialniucfoancest.urTehresstehaetvacloumaptlieotnsedweevraelucaotmipolnestweedruesiHnegnktewlo, LDioghwt WCoartneirnTMg, AaFndFFWapcrokdeurcts. The products used were FC-203CF and FC-600. HFeonakmemlarsatnetreTMstsDSo,f tahnedirFporoadmumcatsstaenrdTMseSnZtUt.heOifr tthhreetehtreoep,pDeerffoorammeersr:WDBe-f2o0a8merrecWeBi-v2ed08t,he hbiegchaeusstereofcoitmsmleonwdpartiiceo.nTfhriosmaHgernekeedlwniotth otnhleyrebseuclatsusoef tohfeitpsreefvfieocutsiv3eMnesEsn,vibruotnamlesnotal studies and the present work. wDeorwe C1o5r1n0in-gUSseFnototdwoGrpardoeduAcnttsiafomapmleEsmualftseirocnomapnldetFiGn1g0thAenitr itfesotaimngE.mTuhlesiiront.woThperiordfuicrstts. trheicsosmtmudeyn,danetiitohnerwoafsthteheD1o5w10Co-rUnSinFgoopdroGdrucatdsewAenrteiffooaumndEmtuolbsieoenf.feIcntitvhee. tests done for WanatcikfoearmsS.ilAilctonheosugahlsSoWcSo-n2du1c4tehdasinbdeeepnenrdeecnotmtmeestnsdteoddebtye3rmMinteo otuherircumsotsotmeefrfsecitnitvehe ptahsrte,e WWaacckkeerr fporuondductthsreweeorfe tAhnetirifootahemrApgreondtucStEs-3to6,beAnmtoirfeoaemffEemcutilvseitohnanSES-W39S,-2a1n4d. The - 2 003076 aAnntdiSfoRaEm tEomublesiefofnecStiRvEe..WThhiesnstcuodnsyicdoenrciunrgrceodstw-ietfhfeWcatcikveenre'sss,reWsaulctksearndSifloicuonndesSE-36 SWS-214is also acceptable. tThheeroebljateicvteiveefsfeocfttihveenseesscoofndthpeha31seanotfitfhoeamstpurdoyduwcetrsetthharteetfhoeldn.inTehecofmirpsat nwiaesstsouebvmailtutaetde tahnedttoopipdeenrtfiofrymtehresttohpatpecrofuolrdmserusp.prTehses sfeocaomnindwgacsautsoefdinbdytAheFFaFntciofnocaemnctornacteinotnrsagtrieoantserof tthheantotpheperrefcoormmemresntdoeddetdeisrpmoisnaeltchoencmeonsttractoisotn-se.ffTechteivfeinaanltoibfjoeacmtsi.ve was a cost analysis of MATERIALS AND METHODS ; PRODUCTS TESTED Light Water FC-206CF, Brand AFFF FC-600, and products used FC-60OF. in the evaluation were FC-203CF, Thirty-one samples were received from the antifoam manufacturers. The products were: Air Products SURFYNOLTM 104A Surfactant SURFYNOLTM DF110L Defoamer SURFYNOLTM DF-75 Defoamer SURFYNOLTM 420 Surfactant BASF PLURONICTML61 PLURONICTML101 PPLLUURROONNIICCTMTM3L112R11 Dow Coming F1G51100-AUnStiFfoooadmGErmaudlesiAonntifoamer Emulsion GE Silicones, Henkel Antifoam Antifoam Emulsion Emulsion AF-60 AF-72 : Antifoam Antifoam Emulsion Emulsion AF-75 AF-83 - Antifoam Emulsion AF-9020 Defoamer WB-209 FoammasterTM DS FoammasterTM SZU 3 003077 6 Nalco 7 Union Carbide 8 Wacker Silicones 77446505 AAnnttiitfooaamm 77447710 AAnnttiiffooaamm 7472 Antifoam `SAG 2001 Organosilicone Emulsion AAnnttiiffooaamm AAggeenntt SSEW-S3-6214 . AAnnttiiffooaamm EEmmuullssiioonn SE-39 SRE 9 Wico : Bubble BreakerTM 776P BBuubbbbllee BBrreeaakkeerrTMTM 3056A 913 PROCEDURE Tests were done using a modified J. J. Bikerman foam control test . Equipment used: fMlionwismteatteirc,TM Gpiulmmpo,ntMaInnsotsrtuamtenIntcs. g1a0s00dimsLpergsriaodnuatutbeed,cAylciendGelra,sFsisIhnce.rbArSanTdM 70-100 Tsohleutpiounmipn twhaesgursaedudattoedprcoydliuncdeera.nTahdijsuasitrafblloew awiarsflomwetahsautrweadsbbyutbhbelefdlotwhmreoutgehrtahnedtest daeelriavteiornedbainstiontahendtefsotrscoolnustiisotnetnhcryo,utghhetMhienigstaastidciTMspeprsuimopn twuabse.aTdojubsettetderfosimmauilnattaeinana ``ccoonndsittainotnasiirnfalonwarcattievaotfe2d0s0l0udmgLeimaeirna.tTihonisbarsatien.siRmeuslulattsedwtehreeadgeirtiatvieodn farnodm ttuhrebuplreenstence aanmdouanmtouofnftooafmfwoaamstshoatmebwuthtautpsuinbjtehcetigvreaadnudatweadscydlientdeerrm.iTnheed bmyeaascuormebmiennattioofnthoef.the hreesiuglhttsawnadredernesciotyrodfedthbey tfaokaimn.gFpohrotiomgprraopvhesdoofbjtehcetitveisttysbaettpwreeednstexepremriinmeednttiamlersufnosr,side by side comparisons ata later time. 4 003078 RESULTS ' Eirstobjective: Tidoenetviayliunagtethtehteorpelpaetrifvoeremfefresc.tiveness of the 31 antifoam products, thereby cFoonrctehnetrianittiioalnstcorecoennt,rtolhea35100anmtgif/olamcoangceennttrsawteiorneotfesAtFeFdFusiinnag daei1o0n0izpepdmwaatnetirfsooalmution. aTnhteifAoFaFmeFr swoalustidoinswpaenssepdreipnatroetdhebyAFdiFluFtisnogluwteiiognhbeydmaimcrooupnitpsetotfe AFFF, and the and then mixed. The RLiegshutltWsawteerreTM rAeFcFoFrdperdoadtucthtrseuesaenddftorenthmiisntuetsetsw.eArnetiFfCo-a2m0p3rCoFd,ucFtCs-6w0e0r,e arnatdedFCf-or60th0eFi.r sefcfreecetnivreendeuscseodntahescfiaelked of of "A" to 31 to 1*2F"e,fwfietchti"veA"anbteiifnogatmhse. best and *F* for ailing. This initial eDfufreicntgivtehoisnsecarceehno,fitthweastharleseoLdieghtterWmainteedTMrthAatFtFhFeparnotduicftosa:msThweerreefoerssee,ntalilalrleymaeiqunailnlgytests were preformed using only FC-203CF. The twelve antifoains that passed the first set of tests are: Air Products GE Silicones SURFYNOLTM DF-75 Defoamer AAnnttiiffooaamm EEmmuullssiioonn AF-60 AF-72 AAnnttiiffooaamm EEmmuullssiioonn AAFF--860320 Henkel | Defoamer WB-209 FoammasterTM DS Union Carbide Wacker Silicones SAG 2001 Organosilicone Emulsion AAnnttiiffooaamm AAggeenntt SSEW-S3-6214 : AAnnttiiffooaamm EEmmuullssiioonn SE-39 SRE `e`TaxhmpeoeurnnietmxetonfsteatnhtaoifvfitoneagsmtaesrsweiantstchocenocmteepnsltterstaoetldiuotunisoionfnrgAeFamFariFenvaiesndedcdoapnnrstoticafenodtaumrweheri.lfeIrnoasmdtdebiaetdgiioonnfnseioanfcghLtioghetnd, the tWeastt esrolTMutAiFonFFbesgtaonckatso1l0ut0iomnLwewirtehatdhedeadntaitfo1a0mmcionnucteentirntaetrivoanlsa.tT1h0e0tmogta/lLv.oTlhuemeAFofFtFhe stock solution contained 2 grams of FC-203CF per liter of solution. While aerating the test 5 . 003079 rsoaltuetuiosne,d1w0amsL1o1f00AFmFUFmistnociknsstoleuatdioofn twhaes2a0d0d0emdLa/tmi1n0 muisneudteforinttheervianlist.ialThscereaeenr.atTihoins lower rate produced sufficient aeration and reduced the strain on the air pumps. cTohneceandtdriattiioonns ooff AanFtFifFoasmoelru.tiTonheinacdrdeiatsieodnsthofe AcoFnFcFenwtrearteiocnonotfiAnuFeFdFunwthiilltehereadnutciifnogatmhse Tcohueldphnootolgonrgaeprhscownetrroel uesxecdestsoivideenftoiatmyitnhge. mRaesxuilmtsumweardediptihoontsogofraApFhFedF aatt ewhaicchhinttheerval. AanFtFiFf,oatmheersctoarutlidngsuvpoplruemses, faonadmtihneg itnoitaiaclcceopntcaebnlteralteiveolns.ofTahnetinfuomabmeerrwoefraedduisteiodnstoof calculate oftwelve tahnetiafnotaimfsoawmaasnrdedAuFcFeFd ctoontcheentfrinaatliofinesl.d Bofastheedtoonp tnihnee.results of this test the field `The top nine antifoams are: GE Silicones . Antifoam Emulsion AF-72 Antifoam Antifoam Emulsion Emulsion AF-93 AF-9020 Henkel Defoamer WB-209 FoammasterTM DS Union Carbide SAG 2001 Organosilicone Emulsion Wacker Silicones Antifoam Antifoam Agent Agent SE-36 SWS-214 Antifoam Emulsion SRE `Second objective: sTuopdperteesrsmfionaemtihnegccoancuesnetdrabtyioAnFsFoFf tchoencteonptraanttiiofnosamgsretahtaetrctahnan the recommended disposal concentrations. Texhceepptrioocne.dTuoremuosreedawccausrattheelysasmimeulpartoeceadwuarsetuesweadtteor tfriendattmheenttoapernaitnieoannbtaisfiona,mfsrweisthh one WslausdtgeewawtaesruTsreedatfmorenaltl PoflatnhteirneSmaaiinntiPnagutle,stMsi.nTnehseotsal.udDgueriwnagstohbetwaeineekdsforfotmesMteitnrgo,ptolhitan sMlLudSgSe,ofdastlaudwgeereracnogleledcfterdomfo2r .ea40ch3.of5 tgh/Le,nainned rtehmeapinHirnganagnetdifforaomms6a.t1ftoour7.i9n,itiUasling this salnutdigfeoawmecroenceevnatlruaattieodn:s.30T0o, g6e0t0,a 1r0a0ng0eaonfdd5at0a0,0fomugr/Lin.itTiahleansttiufdoyafmocuonndcetnhtermataixoinsmuinmthe 6 : 003080 csounpcpernetsrsateixocneosfsiFvCe-f2o0a3mCinFg.atRwehsiuclhtseaarcehpcroensceenntterdatgiroanphoifctahlelytionp Fniignuerean1tiafnodamtsabcuolualtded atthe end of the report. aInfttihfeoaAmFeFrFcaconncbeentdreatteiromniinnetdhefraoemraFtiigounrbea1s.iTnhiisskinnofwonr,matthieonapispruosperfiualtfeorammionuinmtizoifng the `avaomioduinntgoffoaanmtiinfogacm.auTsheisd ibsyatnheimapdodrittaionnt cofonesxicdeesrsaitvioenanfotrifroeadmu.ciTnhgetrpoesastimbielnittycoosftfoaanmding dWuBe-2to09exicneFsisgiuvreea1n.tTifhoeamgrcaapnhbsehsotwbsetsheaetnabinovteheaabbonuotr3m0a0l msgh/aLpeofofWBth-e2g0r9apthheof Henkel antifoam becomes cause foaming. increasingly ineffective at suppressing AFFF foam and may actually Thirdobjective: To Perform a cost analysis of the top nine-antifoams. Tsuhpepcroessts aenxaclaysssiisvweafsoabmaisnegd coanutsheed pbryicAeFaFnFd ctohnecaenmtoruanttioonfsagnrteiaftoearmtnheane ded 50 to mg/ L. The asnetviefnoabmarurneilts.coAsnttiufsoeadm in this analysis was the prices are tabulatedat cost per pound when the end of this report. purchasing one to Although the prices athries saunbajleycstistocacnhabnegeusaefnudl vwahreynbacsoemdpaorninlgocraetliaotnivaencdospturocfhdaisffeerveonltupmreo,dutchtes.grFaipghusref2rom iinll1us0t0ra0tegsaltlhoenrseolfatsieonwsahgiep.beFtigwuereen3AiFsFaFn ceoxnpcaenntdreadtisocnalaenodf tthheecsoastmetodsautpapgrievsesnfionaming Figure 2. 7 . 003081 3000 2500 2 2000 A 8 =--m =e GE GE Silicones Sikones AF-72 AF-93 8 150| oo GE Siicones AF-9020 8 '0--a Henkel Foammaster DS `a--a Henkel Defoamer WB-209 FS 1900I *o--ox WUanicoknerCaSribkidoeneSsAGS-E230061 = --WackerSilicones SRE +--+WackerSilicones SWS-214 4 500 f /) a . = 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 FC-203CF Concentration (mg/L) - Figure 1. Antifoam concentration required to control foaming from FC-203CF. 8 * 003082 sm m8 GE Silicones AF-72 --# GE Silicones AF-93 $0 0-0 GE Silkones AF-9020 > : 0-0 Henkel Foammaster DS 2 w= `a=4 HenkelDefoamerWB-209 =xUnion Carbide SAG-2001 5 `0 Wacker Silicones SE-36 o v= Wacker Silicones SRE 8 go| tm WakerStoes SWo2U A Oo 2 $30 Ew sn A= 7 --_-- a > 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 FC-203CF Concentration (mg/L) - Figure 2. vCaorsitoucsomcpoancreinstornatfioronasntoiffFoCam-i2n0g3C1F0.00 gallons of solution containing 9 - 002083 $20 2 $15 A &S =u GE Siikones AF-72 Ss o-- GE Siicones AFG B 0% GE Sikones AF-9020 $10| 0-0 Henkel Foammaster 0S g a Herel Defoamer WB-209 2 xx Union Castide SAG-2001 ,f 0--0 WackerSiiconesSE-36 ad 3 v= Wacker Siicones SRE. (F , z ++WackerSiliconesSWS-214 7 < os A7 p B o 0 Lut 0 100 20 30 40 50 60 700 80 90 1000 FC-203CF Concentration (mg/L) Figure 3. CVaorsitoucsomcponacreinstornatfioornasntoiffFoCam-i2n0g3C1F0.00(gEaxlplaonndseodf sscoalluet.i)on containing 10 * 003084 CONCLUSIONS : daInigseccnahtsaseragorfeediHmaetpnrakoephliegrWhdBeir-s2pr0aots9ea,ltGhoafEnLSioigplhtiticmWoanlaelsty AerFeTMr-c8oA0mF2m0Fe,FnHdweeandskt,eeltshFeoromwaohsmetmncaotsshtte-eewTMfrafesDctStei,sveamnaundsttifboeam WmusoaesctkteocoorsmtSu-ialcfihfc,aocnbteiesvceSaRauEns.tefcIofoatnmhc.eenNAtoFrtFaetFitohcnaotsncwoefhnWetrBna-tu2is0oinn9gIgsWr6Be0a-0t2e0mr9gtihcLeanroerabsloehsuostu,l3Wd0B0b-em2tg0a/8kLeinshatnvhoeet tao greatly reduced efficacy and may actually cause foaming. tGIhfEathnSeiWAlBiF-cFo2nF0e9scoAanFcn-edn9ti0sr2at0thieIossnreiecscogonrmdemamteoenrsdttehcdao.nsAt6Fe0-f0f9im0cig2e/0nLti,asnoetrfifWfeBocta-im2v.e0T9ohveisesnareotcmorunecaddhiclhlyoairagcveaeriflorarabln8eg,e lcparoremgfeporraamrneagdbevtleaoernyttiwhfeeolalGmoEivsAeHFre-an9kl0ae2rl0geFbourtaanmwgmaeasassntidiegrwhtTMalsyDmSoo.nrlFyeomeaoxmdpemarnaasstiteveley.rTMAmnoDorStehgeeaxrvpaeenntrseiisfuvoletasm{.othuaste, wemxoaprsoerWt,arecaakdcieolrynsaSivRdaEeir.laatAbilloetnhfofoourrgthSheRalEEl ufirosuortpheoafatntithmeiasrrpkerecotod.muTcmheeedndirneeEdcuoarmnomtpieefnoadanemdds tachroeenrceaefvnoatrirelaamtbilaeoynfsobrteo cucaosnsittnrgooflFiscguoupnrcpearne1tsrosaritntighoenfsodaaotfmaAatFtaFvbFau:rliacotauensd bAaetFtFfhoFeunceodnndfcoeornfettrahacethioroefnpostrhcte.anArlebsceo,ofmtoomuefnindndduestdihnepgraoFpdipugrcuotrxseim2bayotre Figure 3 for an expanded scale. REFERENCES 1. Environmental Laboratory Lab Request No. D1629. 2. Bikerman, J. J. Foams Spiinger-Veriag: New York 1973. 1" . 003085 Annitneifaonatmifcooanmcepnrtordautcitosn. rAellquciornecdenttorsautpipornsesasrAe FinFmFg/atL.varying concentration for the top GE ASFi-li7c2ones 50 575 660 890 1150 FC-203CF|GE Silicones AF-93 0 50 214 575 400 667 526 900 2083 1180 FC-203CF 0 214 400 526 2000 GEAFS-i8li0c2o0nes 50 575 665 870 1160 FG-2030F 0 214 400 556 2273 Honkel * FoammDaSsterTM 50 550 667 875 1190 FC-203CF| Henkel WB-209 0 50 214 580 400 630 556 s71 2000 300 FG-203CF| Union SCAaGrb2i0d0e1 0 50 214 333 400 450 714 550 4167 800 FC-203CF 0 250 | a1 | 714 2041 Wacker SE-36 50 461 565 750 825 FC-203CF| 0 231 429 625 2778 Wacker SRE 50 smo. 675 880 889 FC-203CF| Wacker . SWS-214 0 50 218 400 ars 500 556 590 2778 580 FO2030F { 0 231 a9 | 667 3333 12 \ 003086 Amanntuiffaocatmuprreircsesduursiendg in the cost the month aonfaJluylsyi,s.19T9h2e. prices wera obtainedby telephone from the GE Silicones Henkel Union Carbide. 1-800-332-3390 Antifoam Antifoam Emulsion Emulsion AF-72 AF-63 Antifoam Emulsion AF-9020 1-800-922-0605 Defoamer WB-209 FoammasterTM DS 1S-A8G002-050213-O5r8g6a2nasilicone Emulsion Wacker Silicones 1-800-248-0063 Antifoam Antifoam Agent Agent SE-36 SWS-214 Antifoam Emulsion SRE $337.499 1.93 045 _ 2315 161 250 1.34 263 13 - 003087 : AFFF PoamingJudy Fepodd Diller wpe: 323 CaMnilbloipno--refMiitlleir-eQdwWaetlelr~Wuabtvea.rgu3rMe wdeeilolni#z2e.dL5a%kPearu(,HaMrndn(eHasrsd<n0es.s042m5g5/Lmags)C8a5lGagl PaulCity Water- (Hardriess Alb we3sCl altL a) = S ml [15 mh.centrifipe tube. crt mere ms --_phake Sseouds . sr wo -- = No PosurtFormed in. anyof the diluents... Chemicalp tested... ere mee me TFCZ03. Lot. 505... 100ppm Solution.(010ml L, veded by weight "FC-203CFLok So) eee OALOrius balance -0A0mL=0.1000 100ppm polution (010m /L Yo =FCaS__ Lot.t1l Lo%esolction. (tested. at looppm) Aenlic. foamer_(L40S0Nts From F83z Lok soz. (shlan), 215%solution ren meme (Hos ab 10e 0md ). rrr semesters imme TT se BETCOPYAVAILABLE - 003083 SRT loncarivation --Cppm) FC205 Lot 505 Foam Formation Diluerths GShEeWe Milillii---Q gest copy avalLABLE BFRaul CHs y\Wate ! 5 lo ._ 2s- or hone, Noe Nfoortre,a bone, heed Egh GReixE PovBists for 2 wowdep erg, fNoovnweeed KKoenen., EE Ta Slic Yigg & = BRof oan CT ELER DERR ER . Bi lewom dianeto" TESSE ae aTo + " SO. - en Nene Br Sdre LS Iyeroffs TTT OTSwim SHR SApE oss J Ea la ofp SoBr WA, oe Foe TTT TTNSagueovnorf SooSi, Ea =- B wm laoFyRoemir , LPs Io ofSob, TT Ud igre a EISEGnSR o4l0d VE isogld Re L-- BEERe Jt at 30sec +o solid af 30 sec solid vingporsieip eSiSuaiing wooT TT BAERS wom 1 offoam. Bhwpes TT amoueay vt vr of CTT AG ieroF $63 _ .= - 003089 : ~~ = Concentakion --pp FC 205CF Lot 500 Foam Formation -- Dilueat MI-Q BEST COPY AVAILABLE . 1 Noneforwed 5... - None Cormed o ON ; VO NoveSorwed rrpson tnsspasansse 2s. - Tas TTT em LTLoaOT QT TTT Se RS NYNriaem mmr EES TT hewaa. \ayeroffoam af aZl mteoae!p em TTT eee ye 06 AGvekalAS ooNS fB oru medlaS yero simi S TTT TTe ee ee e 003080 aTop: tPSatuemnmta& stb porn, Gurnc eres Technical Communications Service-s201-2C-12 Socament ar em pe pmeme = J Ee ww Te Sane R. D. HOWELL T ENVIe RONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & SERVICES [For[oso| To295864 -- AFFF WASTE TREATMENT Tore TPaRpEwCoIrsPsITATION AND ULTRAFILITRATION EXPERIMENTS WITH3M FC-203CF 1/94 - 12/94 ArQeUiEOWUASSTFIELWMAFTOERRMITRNEGAFTOMAEMN;TC;OLAIGGUHLTAWNATT;EPRRBERCAINPDI:TAFTLIOOCNCULANT; SURFACTANT,FLUOROGHEMICAL; Project Object Ae veaage ive &Report Abstract wastedisposalis often ap r o b l emfor 3M customersafter actus= free, testing extinguishmentsystomsor aAftterwtartaionirngterxeeartcmiesnets.sy3stMemrsecootmhmatebnidosdemgertaedraebdldeicsocmhparogneeonftsAwFiFlFbuesmaigneerwaalsiizeeds.tOofatnm,unhiicsipalor industrial ionfvteshteisgmatailnlgncaepwacmieytohfotdhsefwoarswtaesrteesttremaotnmtesnyts,itnacml,urdeignuglsautrofraycitianst,preocribpeitcaatui seofexcessivefoamniontg,prWacetsiorbsekcaeuse ipnroergcaantiiosnatasn(d80pr0ocTiepcithantiiocnalcRooupploerdbwyitKhiumrbaeirllryaBteikoens.,Bo7t/3h0m/5e3)andukrafitroantwoint.Thphoilyscraetpioorntiicnsucrafdaecstasenetssanodf Po`os rtienusin, g tooudtetvheeluolpraafsiotlruattiioonnmteotthhoedAiFsFmF-udcish morecostly bothtihnotdesrsmhsoowfcparpoitmailseanadsopAePrFaFtuinsgaegxepweansset.eWweesamreent firm to peraffuoll-rscamle demonstration. posal problemandwearoseeking a thirdpartywastewateriret 08 PR4i0pRaesaeD ar 30 Maanangegr S0irary 0O O TFacerroFuettae ENoieing PO!Pesan a00cToeomopehnseeevs ST = B Oreos God pray Closed| . PT 3MChemical Owe > EEE | NewChemicalsReporied. reportsprintedonbothsidesofpaper,sandtwocopes oP TCS, 003091 Precipitation and Ultrafiltration Experiments with 3M FC 203-CF E 180d 5 AlEw a.ddTi iuncSkn te.r NormOKa7n30,72 Decem8,b1e99r4 Precipitation Measurements Ta ofb Col ntee nts. ............................. Li 0, Ultrafiltration Measurements Terres etrttt tat Summary and CONEIUSIONS .. . + +. +... ute rte sta cetrtaaees 1 3 6 003092 Experiments with 3 AFFF afidrdste(Tdtiyvcpoaettiwyopaneissc pporofelceyiexplpieetcratitrimooelnynttoesf. wtThehereeflspueeocrroifnnoadrtmetedydpseuwriwftaahcstaauqlnuttersaofuFilsCt-rsa9ot5liuatinodnsL4of64AF0FwFi.thTnhee. w(fapxescretmseesasttcero)encasemtnrtceroanamttaiwioinntihnogfrfetldhuueocriecndaattfielodunoisrcuirnpfaoatlceytdelseucrtfraocltyatnettcoonptreondtuocanentdraeaattcrmeoeantnetcdewinwtathtreaarn ants. Precipitation Measurements fSteoriTc:hhienoemgehatytrpiiovctehlayemscoihsuanrtginedotfshuearfpaporcseticatiniptvietilaoytnisco(hnianrmcgleeuaddsiunpgroFelCmy-em9ner5tsatnowdaapnserahtqhuaet,ousbysoaldutdiionng ofa 0SF.uCg0-g01e32s4tM0e)d(wtchhoauetlndtdhibeleuatnepidroentcioicpwicothraaktreidgnegaesquainvaleelenccteriicnaltlhye noeruitgrianall cAoFmFpFalpessxo.tlhuetiaComanlpewhuoaitsaetrciaio.cn attheapwoolrykmienrgcocnocnecnetnrtartaitoinonwoouflAdFrFaFcnog(ne3cefpnratorrmtast0i.coo0nn)0c.1eMnStotrloaut0tei.o0tno0s59wM7eripneasrmotalsudtweiaotune(pri)nsi.taiaTtllhhyae) (Mcapotolileoycndiuiclaalprloyllydmwieemreitguhhsytleadmmf(oocnrai.utmhe2sceh0l0oerKxipdee)r.DiamletTnohtness)wpaolsyqmuMeaertreqwruanasatry&100amwhiinceh is 3 high polymer pr(eoMfleeyrrcmrkee)rd tahonadsabwaoavmsoelsaeurcpeupllianiretdefrramassgamoe4fn0mto%wneobmiyolwaeriigthyt.aqFuoeroeuxsamspolluet,ioin.thTperhroeedpcueocanttceuonnftiCrtaaotlfigtoonhns bofy 1J6i3m gWroalmtesrooffpo3lMymfeorr itnhoenperelcitiepriotfatgweahtsteaormf.pl1Te6as3b,lsetenh1tenbteoal3o1wMMroespnoolr9ut.ts6i.aonn9a4lwyotuilcadlcroenssuiss Table 1:_ Results of AFFF Precipitation with Cationic Polyelectrolyte x Sam'ple [FpoCms.] (Lpaosms.o) caMr' 5 Pc1 ooTnmocoteafnlif(ruamoioroninonsjaomiofeldFacCro-mc9po5oncnaeennndisLa)4so6on4fo0abfslchaaotnuiklosdnabimcepptloheleycsmoaenmtraeiinnaistnhgtiossnolfluyotArioFsna.FmFpal*Sensda1md-5e,pionOizreedprweosrenet.s tThheecoormpdeosxifoonrmianl 1 003093 LJe4a6eT4rah0lelcayonnaccloyentnfitcoraralmtrieotsnousletisxnpfeoscrotlAauFttiiFooFnnsfa.lsuortTihhneeartceeadtiicsoonamipccoopnnoetlnintusoiunsthdeecsrupeearsneatinanFtCs.ool5utiaonnds sDioEnlocurnteiiaomsneecsdonu1sp0tiottcouceaunrtpstoaihsnrtoauegnsehtutiprmraaeltciespdoitaastionneaorfachafrragcetieoyqnumieovrfalctehonencceep.notlryamTtheiiroenadn1edcsroselauestneitosins {sample #5), This increase anionic con itsheexpsoelcutteidonbecconacuesnetaralnitdei.xoncAsetsostfhoeFfChci-agt9hi5eosnaitnccdopnoLcl4ey6nmt4er0ratwaiipolpnotoeafnrdMtesyroqikunecaertepa1ts0he.0e i3n-v2e0s.t9i4g)ateustpitrliietzcuiinepgnittasatiirnoansnogilenutAoiFofnF.pFoSIlnoylmpuertrieovncisoo,unscietwnwotraraksti(fowoniustnhdftrhtoehmasta0nm.op0l0e3s sent th to 0.03 gon on to wtaahptapiteoaaOrcfehd2a:ir1ngsoeorxluchteiisgoshnesorf,wmiitoshrespuoftflhiyacnmiee1nrt0c0to%on,cein.et.r,aatipoonlsymaebrovteo A0F.F0F06anMiv.oinsiibTclhceiposrnesictniidptiiueteasntsiese uSlotlruatfiiolnt.ratOionn tehxipsebraismise,ntasc(osneceenbterlaotwi)o.n ofke0e.p01thMe pAoFl_FymFerflwuaorsincahtoedsecnofmoproansoenitneth1e fFlaEskFC.onwdTaihsteimofnalsdasfekorbwtyahsedepltrihevecenirpiifntiglalte3idonmtoLextpoheferAimmFaeFrnFktscwowintechrereidtearisaotfneoilzlieondtwos:a A50stmoLc.k vsoelluutmiaotnroef A1c0om/n9toa7ispnashrtAsFvFiwaaFltsae.tr.t5wim5cLemitofhoefdnetoihorenmiaAzlFeFwdFowrsktioncgkcsoonlcuetnitornawtiaosn polfa3cepdawriatntseeAra.FchFTohcfiossnixase2en0naoarre. pwoeliSygtmhaecerkd asoofmlouutinotnooffpo0l.y0m1erMcocnacteinontircaatpteoe(rl4ywm0ae%srbiayndwdweeaidtgehtrto iwvniaawlsa#tpe0rr)ea,psaVareocdlounbtmyreosdliolsfuatmsiptnlogec.ka atnhrdo0ugmhL, croe1ns,tpae2ic,ntii3vn,egly54,,mwaLansdofa5AdFdmFeLFd, strtoeosvcipkae.lcstDi1eveitlohynr,iozuwegedhrwe5a,taerderdseipnedcvttoiolvuvmiealss onfu4m,b3a.re3q,1,1 wCaotnetra.ineVdia1l0s m1LtohfroAuFgFhF sequence. All vials were 5ataalswoorckointnagicnoendce0n.t0r0a1tiotno shaken briefly by ratio of 0.005 3 M parteslAy.FFAFltl ovi9a7ls ptahretns polymer in numerical ; hand to mix the contents. tfheewAclmhliansruagtmeepsel.qeusiSvsoahmloeewnecqeudalpvioitisaintbtilveaeppoprbeecsaierpreivdtaatttiiooonnpsroofadrtueacntehcamotolortrheeedf-sipanaemrtpilcelsesbweiltohwinaaatd lseaesvtea" fSaatmtpelresonnetahre tohredeerquoifva1l-e2ncmempoiinntdi(a#m3etaenrd. rapidly and appeared to adhere to the gl #4) produced These larger slyomdeivildaerdgerppraerctipiictualtaetse. particles did not settle ass walls of the vial. 2 003094 Ultrafiltration Measurements - The column figure below gives a depicted in this figure schematic is a hollow of a fiber simple column. ultrafiltration (UF) setup. The in the previous UF experiment on results, a so-called spiral wound AFFF (3-20-94). This type of column was used For the current experimental is constructed configuration of a number ofUFmceomlburmannweastuebmupllesoyepdo.tteTdhewhitohlloawdhfeibseirvceolinumna flows into quite similar to an ordinary one end of the fiber lumen and laboratory condenser. The Feed Permeate liquid exits the fiber UF solution through the membrane pores. The remaining solution in the fiber at right angles (Retentate) exits at Fmteheeemdbtrospaolneuentideonnovfeilstohppeeucfmoipnbcerenlturmiecanl.ly Twhoeunspdirwailtwh ofulonwdspcaocleurmsnsecpoanrsaitsitsngoefacahwdiunadl-ifnagc.e tthme croelmuaminninegndsoolpuptoisointwehtiochthdeoeFseendotenpternaentcrea.te the membrane exits as Reteios at Penetrates the membraneedciirnctuolaotnese inenadspiorfaltfhaeshcioolnutmon.a ceLnitqeuridtub(ePefromrweiatthed)rawwhailc.h Figure 1. Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration Apparatus vi R 1 + fen] Fess () Pr Reservoir P2 ) F cB CoTmhietfeeedrpeusmeprPRs.a F$agadlsloolnuptioobneidsyloerncedtainntko.hTeheotlalnokwfcioenresnbsyarpuemipnteFrnhallhyircechirecsulaatedsatee30s0 - c1ontrfolhleed is a Harp cpoulmupminnganrdatpeeurmpetcote2 Laiimsin.theTfhie,efrisbehrosriazroentraelplrye,sfelnotweidnbgyotuhertohiungvherttihcealblienesa. rReetentoatoe enxitsealt thhee efhrserepcnppoaetlsruommTnen21sa8taedrienfcrdphai,rcspsipoeollneryysseiuinlisfrroaaenncaeacddimounmecgpmaslbriosrsnahmneheeedsbd`syiiih noapgleofnipiiabpnl engrsecolaamrrneto dtcrleioordw sg(iednppgwmi)vta.(hlbva2Vecfahr)ViaIparperwiaheiiavcsthnuedmamoedr1is0efKpismeisopnleeg.cefw.nre.c.esuptdp-oosffr(eMyWeeCOor)e. o peerrmeaeo tesbeaafinth tgaerehncyeocaflcseldoaim1w0pnbltyahesepofpareerrdtamnlraeyletyc.sleosrTi.hnge vcapSvpaemaprVlaIinnsignipcsroocipsesesfrhoareefIrneaccdioryneoefsnfaesrdemaoacdniedngpsohnmomemsooprnoencrrsknanpmeseenweoeoe ainmd reetnenttielfblaodwdrieisotrnitcotihonemcaoynpboesimioodsinifosifeldehaetdaesctdhoansgosleiugtshieotpned,reatcthreieotansweociiancnfdeeicpsecnodnecneacrttoorsofveor heepeuremspofvoek 3 002695 swaitmhpTlhBeeLfuolrtformaafqitluhtiersaotmuiisoxntceauxtrpieeonrwiiacmsepnottlawykemanesrtionsioptliruaottvieioddnbeyaatmiarxeicfnoegnrce2en4cnet0rpmaotLiioonf AofFF0..0c1oncMe.ntrOant.e then adjusted oe apermeate oFore and in the liquid wUiFthsytshteemretmoapirnoindguce70ca%. permeate liquids were 30% of the existing as flowntt.hroCoungdhitthieoncsolvuomnu, retentate. Samples of opoffercpmae.era6mt0ee0altiequiad,ndresrpeetcetnitvaetley.wTeortealtlaitkqauekindenfaltaotwctohtnihdsrioptouiigonhnts.thnTeewcaoorlu4fum0rntharenardnsgee8tds0f%orfosmfaaamep:haliegshs focovery. Recovery pTemarLbc/lemenitn2agagetisv3ea0sn%dantpahleeyrtmaiepcapalltiereed(sRuplertcesosvsfeourrryet)hatetosteahesleocvwoelroauflmcnsa.aemn1pt2lr0easmaLsimwienllatas0%th.e nce. Table 2: Results of UF Experiment on AFFF with Cationic Polyelectrolyte [FC-95]| [FC-95] | (L464) | (L4640) | Lo1T P.ppmeR.pe pm| r P-.ppm R.ppm Tome Recov. | Pres. J % - Topsi] [[ + 1[7002 s [|aswree || w0s9 | 200 | vasrs ra070 | sos [se] 2Tea [io | we02 |ve|r maro Jaras] mo*raSirgakimnepadlleFase0eFdr1espiornleusttehienotnasnpartlihyoetricctoaomlpcroeossmiumtlteisonncpri(onivngipdtpehdme bUoyFf.JfeilxmupoerWrioinlmatetenerdt.ocfom3TphMoi,snesnRatmespe)lfes.ofwtahee carobmiptorasriitliyopnloafcetdheinfeetdhesolruettieonntaitseme(aR)sucroelduhmenre.for Sample O even . eas though the ww | To examine ponents the effectiveness we can look at the the membrane as permeate) and RoefcotvheeryUF(peprrcoecnetsasgeion f the level of the compone rleiqmuoivdifnlgowflpuaosrsiinnagtetdhrAoFuFgFh o0#f.20,S2a48m.0p.l3eT%h#io0sf (tmFheeeeadfn)e,sedthtlehiaqfturiadcatpiopneaorfsFaCs-9p5errmeemaatieniwnagteirn.tnhteRseplieantritmvheieasttloeiqtuihsied.1c.oF1mo2pro/ss3ia0tm.ipolaner 1Li2k5e:w8i/s1e,261th.e9 ofrra0c.ti0o9n96o.f 97.2% L4640 of FC-95 remaining ihnasthebeepnermreeamtoevefdor froSmamtphliee li4q3u.id. This means that 90% of L4640 has been remevad Lor, the permeate liquid, relative to the Feed under the conditions for Sample #3. smoemmAebswrhatanhtee pwaroserssspeue.rremeiAsattientchrifseoarspoeSidantmo,pnl8teh2e.#7s3y%,stotefhmetahqenudalfimeteoydreolfilqiutqiuhdiedisissebfpeoarrcaetdiotnhrboeucgohmetsh.e ing produced gy a 002096 ffPortaicgoteiaaotnleo.rfemLa4Ti6hne4iQnrgferm(oo8mv6a.tlh7e%opfoefrFmCFe-Ca9-t59e5fisrho1am9s9t.bh2ee/e1np2e6rr1em.me9oavteed isfr5o.m29t/h3y9.p7ermoerat0e.)1.33 Tfhoer p8e4r.ce2n%tagoefs Lf4o6r4F0C-h9a5s TorsamapicCrcentration aobfnedeLn4L64r46e04m0o(v1ae4rd1e9.fc4roommparthaeblpeeraomtre0att.he1i.s98plaifiqonursi.fd)rHaoTywhreeevmerarei,mnoitvnhaegl iSSnaacsmropenlaaesbel#de3b.y(iJa.u.ss,tub4as8st.at6nhte1i0arle1ta1em1n.ot0a)tetchoencreentternatattipeopncmoofnciFenCn-tt9hrea5tiirneoctnerneotafast|eeadgfdpeoy.sSesahmwoepuylledap#hp2aevateor unt, instead of the slight deeroase shown. UhirafiltSruatmimonarwyi,th successful. There the an are terhxercmeeoesvssapleocfioffciactFiCpoo-nii9nc5tsp,oalhnyodewleeLvc4te6rro4,l0ywthefraopmpeaarqsuesoousge.rseolaustoinonablbyy inthme2: lt is Feed sdiasmtpulrebin(gMatrhaktedth0e ainnaltyhteicTaalblreesuits show ich deserve that the initial comment: concentration bDReoietgyhhiepsrittutadhtiaieonsn;tshit.eued.,cieo3sn.cpeanTrthtrseatbiinyiotnalofinttehnet AwFaFsFtosatubosocevketsh)oelfsuotraimouenitwcraohfniiugcraetnseartn,sa.sisucssoeofdmAefFoFr5Ft0hi%en UOTFhFepeixotpnealrtyiimokennnctooawntntaidnieffdeornelnycedivisntoilltuehmdeewtaotwfeoArFasFonFlductAioFonFntsFaiw1n%heidtlheiantth1et0hz0eervasotelhcuo(mne1s)sosofollusutotiliouontnioffnoo.r oUOxFFpeersxspuermiemsentthati(aottnhetchoaennatlalyiotnwieecdarldiArseFtsiFullFltesdcaowrnaecteecnrort,rrecacattti,iootnnshieenappioptlaiysreolleinkctetlry1otlyhwtaeit,eaparnedpeAaFtFoFf.thIerf Compoinmeenntt)s wsohuoullddsbheowbetitmeprrtohvaend trheesuress.ultTshasthoisw, nthien rTaebmloeva2l of ARFEr.felcuiopriitnaattieodn above. a bala2ns ).ceWoifrteahcyprcaelrfteeidrceu(nlbcaoerthtcoopmeTrpamboleneaetn2etaabinnodvterh,eetiestnyitssattienemp.frliuinBdcesicplaeuspoesstihbelesotaorchfleocwk itnhethmeaUsFs the following relationship should apply: are returned to thofan tank), 5 [Feed] = Recovery (Permeate] + (1-Recovery) [Retentate] {1} 8weantoehrneeef[nrFaetceitdi]no.nt[hPoeefrfmteeheeadt,etpo]te,arlamneldaiqt[ueRi,edtaeFnnedteadrteeti]neantrthaeetaensasyloysltutitecimaolnsc,onrcesepnetcrtaitvieolnys, oafngapRaerctoicvuelrayr tThaekifnoglldoawtiangfrroemlaStaiomnpslheip#s0ho(uFlededbceoannceidnetntriatyt:iaonnd) forwhSiacmhplaep5p1ea`ra,boovnepfeorrmFeCa-t9e5., [39.7] = 0.317 (0.04] + 0.683 (47.6) however, [39.7] = [32.5] (2652)fa) 2.21930 + 0036974