Document rpqQg3VzEVnBe6YjZn1Vb1kvG
FILE NAME: Lone Star Industries (LS)
DATE: 1939
DOC#: LS003
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Excerpt - Transactions of the National Safety Council Officers & Directors
ATLANTIC CITY OCTOBER 16-20, 1939
NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL, INC.
If Jf, N ation! $tety C ornell, Inc. Printed In U, S. A.
tabbies*
T I ! K Transactions of the 28th National Safely Congress ;m<l Kx|>nsitic>n of the N ational S afety Council, O ctober Jo 20, 1030, arc published in tw o volumes. V olum e 1 conlam s the general and subject sessions am! the sessions of the various Industrial Sections. Volume II contains the Street and Highway Traffic, the Commercial Vehicle, the T ransit, the Child Education, and the Home Safely sessions.
Volume I is distributed autom atically to all in d u strial m em bers of the Council. V olum e II is sent to mem bers who are believed to be interested chiefly in the sessions it contains. However,, other Council m em bers m ay obtain V olum e J upon request.
Many members have found it of benefit to d istrib u te copies of the Transactions volumes to both executives, forem en ami supervisors, who have used the practical inform ation they coni a in in safety program s and for general referen ce p u r p le s . Kxtra copies of the Transactions may be obtained as follows : O ne to 10 copies o f V O . i, al $2 ea ch ; II o r more copies, $1.75 each. F.xtra copies n i Vol. cost 75 cents each.
T HF. T ransactions are a condensed record o f the p ro ceedings of the Congress. The papers and addresses have hern edited in delete extraneous m atter, abbreviate ihe less important jxirlions, and emphasize what may be of particular usefulness in prom oting effective safety o rganization and other accident prevention measures. These volumes, there in re, are a somewhat abridged version, com pact, practical and of particular value to the student and executive inter ested in achieving'm ore thorough ftccident prevention suc cess, T he original m anuscripts are available for additional reference, if desired, in the files o f the N ational S afety Omncil-
TllIC N ational S afety Council, at its C ongresses, seeks to eliminate from discussion m atters which are not pertinent l< the aims of the C ongress or w hich m ay be co n tra ry to the Council's jxdicies. ft cannot accept responsibility, how ever, fo r all view s expressed either in the papers w hich have been delivered nr in the discussions basd upon these papers.
NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL, Inc.
20 North W acker Drive ..
Chicago
41- 14228 Contents
Council Officers and Directors.................................. 4
Council Purposes and Program......... ........................ 9
Annual Meeting of Members........................................ 11
Annual B an quet............................................................. 27
Special Subject Sessions--
^
Eliminating Mechanical Causes of Accidents .. 29
*
Fire Control and Prevention................................... 43
Fumes, Gases and Vapors....................................... 55
^
Governmental Safety Service in Industry.......... 69
Health Service in Industry................................
93
^
Industrial N u rsin g.....................................................109
Maintaining Interest in Safety.............................. 123
Occupational Disease Control................................133
Off-the-Job Accidents ...........................................149
H Safety Inspectors .................................................... 163
The Human Side of Safety................................... 181
Welding and Cutting.............................................. 203
Aeronautical Section .................................................... 225
^ A. S. S. E.--Engineering Section..........................
239
^ Automotive and Machine ShopSection.........................245
Cement and Quarry Section. . . .....................................259
Chemical Section ............................................................273
Construction Section .................................................... 299
Food Section . . .......................................... . .................. 319
Marine Section .....................................
339
Meat Packing, Tanning and Leather Industries
Section ..........................................................................391
Metals Section ...............................................................407
Mining S e c tio n ............................................................... 449
Paper and Pulp Section................................
477
Petroleum S e c tio n .................................. ...................... 531
Power Press Section..............................................
567
Public Utilities Section................................................. 581
Refrigeration Section ...............................................
607
Rubber Section ................................................................623
Steam Railroad Section................................................. 645
Textile S e c tio n ............................................. ................ 677
Wood Products Section.................................
693
Safety Exposition Exhibitors......................................715
Index .............................................................. .................719
N a tio n a l Safety Council Inc.
H O N O R A R Y MEMBERS
A ssociation of I son and S tffi
RoM-HT W. C ampsiFi i 1>W K PALMER
K ni.i n i -*ks
OFFICERS (1939-1940)
C'oi JoHNSrir wF.i l, President H J. Ai.drkh, Vice-President for Safety Councils I. C Campbfu.. Vice-President for Industrial Safety Ww, C. Knof.i.k, Vice-President for Education Dr Miufr McCi.intock, Vice-President for Public Safely 1 W Mu.lahd, Vice-President for Finance an d T reasurer W ai ter S. P aine, V ice-President for Engineering Ltw R. P aimfr. Vice-President for Public Relations A V Kohwfdfr, V ice-President for Home Safely R T. Soi.ensten, Vice*President for Membership W H_ Cameron, Managing D irector and Secretary
EXECUTIVE COMMITirEE (1939-1940)
H. J. Ar.nRiCH, Spencer Kellogg & S o n s Inc. J. P anASH, Past President C W. Beri;qi?ist, Past President H. W. Bocof.ss, Sinclair P rairie Oil Co. H. E. Bnir, South Bend Civic Safety CotmriJ F. VV. Braun, A SSE-Engineering Section W H. Camfron. National Safely Council L. C Camprf.i i ., The Koppers Coal Company R. W Camphei f., Past President Robert I. C ati.in, Aetna Casualty Si Surety Cn. I> B C h a n t , Paper and Pulp Section I. fwis A. Dr.Bims, Past President
C VV. Dfmpfsy, The Liquid Carbonic Corp C. R Door.FY, Socnriy-Vacuum Oil Co. fnc Marco* A. Dow, Past President H a r o i d F. E n i o w s . American N ational Red Cross I> l>. Fennfi i , Past President H J G r iffit h. Metals Section K. E. (irovfk, Colunihns & Southern Ohio Electric H arry Guiuukt, The Pullman Co. G T. H fi i moth, Chicago Rapid Transit Co. H a r o i d (*. H offman, Unemployment Compensation S. B Horrfu, The Carey Salt Co. W In ovn J ackson, Delaware Safety Council
Co Comm
of N. J
4
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, Coniimied
WAfif-K*. Kin>.. I 'a .t l'i<M<lnH W m. C. K nomk, Milwaukee Safety i ommi'-Moii J ohn E. Low ;, East President T hos. H. MacDonai n, Federal Public Kn<K A dministration R. A- McA rthur* Public Service Coordinate! Trsiivjmri D r. M iller McClintimk. Yale University I. W . Mili.ard* Indus!rial (doves Co. H arold L. M iner* E. L dti Pont de Nemmirs & ('* H on. E u o t N ess, D irector o f Public Safety, Cleveland C. J. Normank, PeHroleum Section
E. J. CPBiuew* J r., Louisville Safety Council W alter S. P aine, A eina L ife & Affiliated Cos L f.w R. P almer, P ast President C E, P ettiiione, P a st President B, O. P ickard, M arine Section Albert S. R eoula, Industrial Relations < owiMdws, Inc. H, J. Keiueluth, C onstruction Section L t. Col. H enry A. Rf.nincer, Past President E. A. Roberts*T extile Section A, V. Rokwrdfr, Dulufli* Missabe Sc Iron Range Ry. Co. C harles 0 Scorr* P ast President F rank T. S heets, P ortland Cement Association Gen. J ohn H. S herih/rnf., M assachusetts Rifely Conori! C arl L. S mith*Cleveland Safely Council C R, S mith, American Air Lines, Inc. U. T. Solensten* E lliott Service Co. L eslie J. S orenson*City Traffic Engineer, Chicago Col. J ohn Sth.wf.i l , Consolidated Edison Company of New
Inc. J ohn M. S ylvester, Lehigh Valley Safety Council G P- Tolman, P ast President (fohle G. T kavf.r, G reater Chicago Safety Council Dr. C. H. W atson, P ast President A. W . W hitney, National Conservation Bureau K. V. WwfiHT* Railway Age Arthur H . Youno, P ast President
York,
DIRECTO RS {1939-1940}
H. J. A ldrich, Spencer Kellogg & Sons, Inc. A. L. A rmstrong E astm an Kodak Company
V f.rn W . A uhel, Safety Div , Syracuse ( handier of J. 1. R anash, Past President I). A, Barrett, Carnegie* Illinois Steel Crp L fo III. JIkaui Ai\ Blackvtone Valley Safety Council E rnest W. tim e, United States Knhltrr Cn. C W. flFttuQtiisT, Past President
K. Jr. IB ank, Jones & Lauglilin Steel G>tp H. W . Rocufss, Sinclair P rairie Oil Co. H. E. Bolt, South Bciul Civic Safety Council
Commerce
$
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS. Conhnued
t H Hind H , VVis'itllMH Piddle S m vT l m p
t t PowMt. Anlmnniiv<* and Machine Shop Section
P W B r ain, A SSE-Engineering Section
A Mophv, EJiraheth S a fe ly Council
P S Brown, Standard Accident Insurance ( u
P N Hiiamnh r, Cement Seclion
\ \ ft ( amiron, National S afety C"mint il
A fs ( a
i f Mining Section
I. (' < AMT*BKi.f.. The K oppers Coal Co.
I\'uw hi W Ca m w h , Ba^t President
R \ smoni> A P arty, Evanston S a fe ty Conned
K\> ( arnkv. KemoApa S a fe ty Council
Kohi-rt ! CATffS, A etna C asually & Surety Co.
I> R C hant, Paper and Pulp Section
W.m M Cl.ark, St Joseph S afety Count 1 Kfmneth B Cot man, S eattle Traffic <& S afety Conned I I*. CtfutNi'Y. flefhichem Steel Co.
l.j-wtN.A l>r.Biist Pa*t President
C W nf.MrF^Y, The l iquid Carl*mc Corp
Mu iun W. IM rrttnakv, Hast Ray S afety Conned
C R I >om fy. Socon y-V acu um O il Co. Inc.
Iame-s IV !>niiot a s The Philadelphia C as W orks Co
Marius A Hmw( Past President
11Aimf i> F. Kni o w s , Am erican N ational Red C ross
M H I' fnnm i.. Past President
11*i ma1 11 A P'tNKnHNMt, T oled o S a fety Council
]> H art E F*hhi, C hicago Rapid Transit Co.
V in u R B Eit^rATHKK, Richm ond Safety Council
Howard It Hunha, Burrnnghs W ellcom e Si Cn ( P S A ) Inc.
W m |1 I'orsvtu, Superior Si Hmigia* C ounty S a fety i wuril
Arnuir C P ry, Worcester Safety Council
Puin H ( urson. W estern Electric Co
P m i IP ( tiFT, Peoria Association o f Com tnercr S a fely Cm im il
HANnoj ph P. ( hi.man, Rahway Safety Council
W. A ( jRIFFin, A m erican Telephone & T elegraph t o.
II l G-RtFKiTi*, Metals Section
K F. C povf.r. Columluss & Southern Ohio Klectric Co I U rky C tiu m iu , The Pullman Company I) T f Parhino-ion, U S Bureau of Mine*
Prank H H arrison, International H arvester Co
<i I', l i n t murn, Chicago Rapid Transit ( o
K !. H ink y, Steam Railroad! Section
\ t f Imho h i. Creafer Pos A ngeles S a fe ly Council
I h a s . J\, H i m , New York Central System
II aroi i> (, IIo h o v n , \ 'nrm ploym cnt Com penvalum < mmni-sMi
New Jci*si *v
P mu Hoi i \ no, IVfhimore S a fe ly ( oiim ii
1 A ndrew } |o iiE 't_ { hdd Education Section
S IV H u r s m i, Thr I airy Salt Co
M \ jor N orman A Pvum. S a fe ty (n iin cil of Columtnis ( handler I onimrrcr
6
OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, Continued
M KMK irk f.M knN, I'.mph >>ft-s' Plildi'atm M Section W. Fiovn J ai kvfn, Delaware Safely Council W m, F. J amfs. Philadelphia Safety Council J asper ft. J ohnson, Madiwm County Safety Council T. B. J ohnson, Commerial Vehicle Section F rank L J ones. Greater New York Safety Council T homas P. Kf.arns, Ohio Industrial Commission Ralph O. Keefer, Chemical Section H. H. K f.i.i.y. IV S. Interstate Commerce Commission W alter G. Kino, Past President W m. C. Knof-LK. Milwaukee Safely (niniikion W m. S, Knudsf.n, Detroit Industrial Safety Council Otto C Kuhrt, Greater Springfield Safety Council C. L, L aFountainf, Great N orthern Railway Co. Roy Lee, Contra Costa County Safety Council
Arnold Lockerry, Grand Rapide Safety Council John E, Lono, Past President T hos. H. MacDonald, Federal Public Roads Administration How. A rthur Vi/. Malff., New Jersey Commissioner of Motor Ve
hicles Dennis J. M a-i.ey, Safety Bureau, ftnfTalo Chamber of Commerce R. A. McArthubi, Public Service Coordinated Transport H. N. McClei.lan, Berkeley Traffic Safety Commission Dr. Miller McClintock. Yale University David L. Millar, St. Louis Safety Council I. W. Millard, Industrial Gloves Company H arold L. Miner, E. 1. du Pont de Nemours & Co H arry S. Moody, Rochester Safety Council R. B, Moriey, Industrial Acculent Prevention Associations R. W. Morse, Ruddier Section C. L. Murray, Mason City-Ccrro Gordo County Safely Council Hon, Eliot Ness, Director of Public Safety, Cleveland C J. N ormann. Petroleum Section E. J. O 'Brien, J il, Louisville Safety Council Georop C. A. O ff, The Detroit Edison Company W alter S. P aine, Aetna Life fit Affiliated Companies L f.w R . P a lm e r , Past P resident f)Av^n A. P atton, Newark Safety Connril C. K. P f.acock, Chattanooga Safety Council Charles W. P endock, Safety Division, Milwaukee Association of
Commerce {', LC P kttiiwiNF, Past President H. O. P kkaro, Marine Section Iiiik.k H arry H. Porter, Street & Highway Traffic Section II. A. P tolemy, Public Utilities Section A. A- B all, Refrigeration Section AI WERT S. Rfuiua. industrial Relations Crumsclurs, fnc R. J, Rf.f.ut!i, Construction Section Lt. Col, H enry A Renincf.r, Past President Marieur Riter, Paterson Safely Council H. A Roberts, Textile Section
7
OFFICERS ANO DIRECTORS. Continued
A V l\M iiw n im , IhiluiU, Mo**ahc A Iron Range Ky C<> G F S anforo, General k lcclnc ( 'ompany HfNKV <i St Haft n*k. Meat Packing. Tanning & Leather industries
Set i:ion H arry H Scut-ark, Kansas City Safety Council C hari fs It. Scunr, Cast President Kari S. Sit artzf r. Ih ica Safety Council F rank T. S mff.ts, Portland Cement Association tEN John H. S hfhrhrnf, Massachusetts Safety Council Hr I A SnotmY, Bethlehem Steel Company F.HNf^r L SiMONfrs, New Haven Safety Council Annt cm S kinnfr, Safely Dept., Nashville Chamber of Commerce Caki L. S mith, Cleveland Safety Council C K S mith, A m erican Air Lines, Inc. K '1*. S>i f n s t f n . E ll i o t t S e r v ic e Lfsiif L Sorenson, City Traffic Engineer, Chicago E C. SrRiNr., Philadelphia. Fa. O n J o h n S th.w f ii., C o n s o l i d a t e d Ed is o n ci%|sry o f N Y Inc HdmuniiC Stonf., W estern Pennsylvania Safety Council J ohn M, S vi.vf.5Tfr, Lehigh Valley Safety Council Arthur M. Tone, Consulting Marine Engineer C. I \ Tor m an. P ast President Georuf. G. T havfr, G reater Chicago Safety Council I>s 1L L. Vosburuh, General Electric Company Ha C II. W atson, Past President I'RFn A. W ebb. Food Section Cf. W isf VVfscott, Safety D ept. Automobile Chib o f Rhode island T. A no.iin W hite, Safety Div., Birmingham Chamber of Commerce S. F. W hitino, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co. A \V. WufTNF.Y, National Conservation Bureau L C \V mson, Wrood Products Scdinn A. N WoonuFAU, Albany Safety Council W K W orth. International Harvester Co. R V W riuht, R ailw ay Age A riiihr If. Yotnh. Past President h I /A trrr, S a fe ty Bureau, Ihihnh Chamhr* o f C om m erce M R / ih h -r. P o w er Prrs> S ection
s
Council Purposes and Program
The National Safety Council ** a non profit, cooperative association whose ohjee live is the elimination of accidents To achieve this objective the Council advocates the following program of safety activities:
1 CREATING IN T E R E S T IN SA FE TY. People will try to prevent accidents only when they arc convinced of three things: (a) that accidents arc really a seri ous problem, threatening personal happiness, industrial efficiency and economic security; (b> that accidents don't "just happen/' but that each one la definite, ascertainable causes; (c> that accident* can lie prevented. T he basic requirement in a national safety program, therefore, is a dram atic and e f fective presentation of ihese facts to more
and more people.
Z FINDING ACCIDENT CAUSES. Accident causes are not the same in any tw o plants, in any two cities, in any two schools. They are not the same from one time to another. Every industrial plant, every city, every school and every other public or private organization, therefore, must study the causes of accidents itt its own group, so that prevention efforts a l ways will be directed at tfie things really responsible For accidents.
3, M A IN T A IN IN G IN T E R E S T IN SA FETY . People retain interest in very few things of which they are not contin uously reminded. Therefore, it is the task of the newspaper, the radio, the magazine, the school, the public speaker and every other educational influence to keep remind ing the worker, the driver, the pedestrian, the housewife ami the school child that freedom from accidents depends on personal caution, ami that the safe way is the right way and the lies! way--from the standpoint not only of hitman sal is faction, hut of
social efficiency and economy.
4. E N G IN E E R IN G IM P R O V E M E N T . Many acridents occur lierati.NC equipment is faulty. The punch pre** is unguarded, the automobile brake* are worn, die stairway is crudely built, the pnqicller is defective, live stop sign is obscured. The avoidance o f accidents, therefore, requires that safety he built into every piece of machinery, every home, every school building, every high
way. W e nitist insist that the things we buy- whether a stepladder or a stop sign, a band-saw or a blast furnace--be safe things. And we must be willing if necessary to pay a higher price because o f this builtin safety factor, realm tig that it is tru e economy to do so.
5. T R A IN IN G FO R S A F E T Y M any accidents occur because the injured person or some other person acts in an unsafe manner. T h is unsafe act often in c o m mitted because the person involved never has been taught how to do the jo b in the safe way. Therefore, boys and girls, men and women, must lie lauglit how to work, how to drive, how to cross the street, how to live safely. T h is teaching and training is a joint responsibility o f industry, of schools arid colleges, of g o v ernmental groups and of parents in the home.
6. S U P E R V IS IO N FOR S A F E T Y . Many who know well the safe m eihod o f performing an act nevertheless are involved in accidents because, due to h urry, fatigue, thoughtlessness or some other reason, they do not perform the act in what they know is the safe way. Therefore, we need good foremen in industry, alert patrol boys in o u r schools, diligent police officers on o u r streets, thoughtful parents in our homes. These, through wise guidance of those under their supervision, can greatly minimize the chances o f accident.
7. L E G IS L A T IO N FOR S A F E T Y . Avoidance nf accidents requires the adop tion and scientific enforcement o f sound leg islation--legislation on traffic, <m industrial matters, on public transportation, on hom e construction amt maintenance, and on m any ifemn of personal conduct Such legislation provides a standard to which a large m a jority o f people are willing to conform and thus five together harm oniously and safely. !( also provides a basis for requiring the rou lormity o f a small minority, who would not otherwise he willing to subm erge th eir l>enu>nal desire*, for tlir sake o f safety in the entire group.
A SAFETY RESPONSIBILITY. Lead ership in every walk o f life should involve leadership in safely. Those who adm inister
9
JSth Nahtniti! \trf. f y * nu^tt-w
ah mi<nir .4 he shut dnwrt ftilirely , all hui major repairs effected. am! placed hark in operation gam , w ith ik> appre t iahle < liM f(fn rr in the airplane'* flying ability. Ami engine failures a n im n ' fur 12 If? per cent of fatal airline accident*
i.argc aircraft, too. are flown with a ffttfcTent technique. The flight deck on the tean5 ocean clippers, for instance, is the u iik size as the passenger cabin on the largest of our present land transports. This flight d eck is reserved for the ftigbl crew. Instead of the usual pilot-copilot combination, these clippers are flown by a crew of five prim ary flight officers-- wiih five reserve officers-- under the direct command of a captain who graduated to ihi* position of trust am i o f responsibility through a mimnrnm of seven years of study and training. U nder the captain, the primary flight functions norm ally han dled hy the p ilot-cop ilot are divided into leparale flight station s--adm inistration, piloting, navigation, radio com m unication, engineering. Kach of these posts is maimed hy a sp erta h st, trained lor th at particular task. These flight officers stand watch and are relieved ai regular pen-xK. and feturn to thrir own living tpiafter* aboaid dttf.
Though years of training, of study and actual experience, these m ultiple crew s function a* one m an and m ake possible, for the br*l time in lo n g distance tra n s port a i r<raft, tin* ach ievem ent of scion tifu flight i unduet a system w hich, on U-r th r u m im s iu i of the f a p ia in . provide* for a triple ch e ck <m a ll p rim ,ir\ factors, which lessens strain without lessening re-punsihdity, which is designed tn effect tVie h ighest attainable level o f person al Jtn h-m v \m l p e rso n n el e r r o r - account b*r o r j f l i Ul per cent of fatal a irlin e acci
h x v iicl//-* rr r*J *r '<
*
trtfpjP5 V . d*t- t.^ e e il
ft
iHe 1||*1 1m- im the 1artw x eau U*pp*f*
wht-rv the facilities Were built info the design id the original a ircraft--are incur purated m the technique of international over-water flying. They are basic to a record of I?l.fl71,000 over-water passen ger miles, without a fatal accident m
flight
The safety record of transoceanic and transcontinental air transport did not just
grow . It is the result of deliberate effort, of painstaking care, of endless research a n d test. Air travel, as wc know it today, is purely a concept of this generation. It has had to make its way, from the start, in competition with the m atured safety records of the older forms of transport. It
has had to struggle with the principles of increased danger inherent in any type of high-speed travel--and w e have the fast est ever known to man. But, because of these vc-Ty reason*, m ore effort has been continuously and forcefully exerted to raise the standard of airline safety Khan that lavished in any sim ilar period of de velopment on any other means of trans
port.
T h is extraordinary effort has not conic alone from within the industry itself. The encouraging results are, ip a real measure, flue to the tireless cooperalion which the air transport industry has received from outside agencies such as the National Ad\i*ory Committee for Aeronautics, our ('nvernmeut's great research organisa tion. and thr Civil Aeronautics A u th o rity,
whose diligent efforts to effect greater .urtine safety stand nut as a signal achieve m e n t of their first full year in office. In fact all having to do with aviation have shan'tJ iu tjie early recognition, hy the air transport industry, of its responsibility low aril tl?r public in th e m atter of safety. These combined elem ents all continue a activr as ever today irt their common goal I h ^ r support offers the promising pn*-
'* *1-* o g '^ can crentvafl* be " -d* '- <^7**1 form r i travel Vikw 1 m* n
.U ltO lih 'N M IiK T
American Society of Safety Engineers-- Engineering Section
Officers 1938*1939
General Chairman---K. E- Donovan. Standard Oil Co of California, San Francisco, Calif
yict-Ckairtnan--F. W. Brmjn, Employers Mutual*, Wausau. Wi.v
y ic t`Chairma~--'H . J- Griffith, Jones & Laugh! in Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa
Secretary--W. D f*aN Keefer. National Safety Council. Uh , Chicago, 111
Members ai Gf.oc.k j. Adams, International Paper Co*, Glens Palis. N. Y.
Cyril Ainsworth, American Standards Association. New York, N. Y.
*]. I. Hahash, Consulting Engineer* Chicago, 111
F.. W. Beck, United States Robber Co., New York. N Y.
R. A. Beyer, Central Tube Co., Ambridgc. Pa. (W csum Pennsylvania Safety Council
Chapter)
* c B Boulet, W isconsin Public Service Corp*, Milwaukee, Wis.
E. W. Bullard, E. D. Bullard Co., San Francisco, Calif. (San Francisco Chapter)
Charles 1). F a in. Consolidated Edison Co of N Y , New York, N. Y. {Metropol-
itan Chapter)
Hoy M. Godwin, Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadelphia, Pa. {Philadelphia Chapter)
*R. McA, K eown, Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.
Everett F. K ing, Lever B rothers Co., Cambridge, Mass. (B oston Chapter)
Robert C L edbetter, T ex as Em ployers Insurance Association, Italia*, T exas. (S outh
we?t C hapter)
Thomas. E. Lichtfoot, The Koppers Coal Co., PitMnirgli, Pa
*M. G Lloyd, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C
j. E* Long, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y,
H. L. M iner, E. I. d Pont de Nemours & Co . Wilmington, Del.
j. T. OTIkifk, jersey Central Power & l.iglu <V. Ashury Park, N. J (New Jersey
Chapter)
W. 5 . P aine, Aetna Casualty & S urety Co., H artfo rd . Conn.
*A, S, Regula, Industrial Relations Counselors, nc.. New York, N. Y.
A. V. Roiiwf.ih:, Duluth, Missahc & Iron Range Railway Co., Duluth, Minn.
*D. L. Royer, Ocean. Accident & Guarantee Corp, New York, N. Y.
G. E. S anemo, General Electric Co., Schenectady, N. Y.
J. S. Shaw, Hercules Powder Co*, Wilmington. Del.
*C W. Smith. Standard Oil Co. find.). Chicago, 111
*H. S. S mith. U nion Carbide Si C arbon Corp.. New York. N Y.
*R,F. TMAt.NF.it, ftttick M otor Co.. Flint. Mich,
S. E* W hiting. lib e rty M utual Insurance Co., Bomoil Mass.
Phimf W illiams, F. L du 1*00 dc N em ours & Co., Buffalo, N. Y. (N iagara F ro n tier
Chapter)
Wn.UAM F. V a n , Mine Safely Appliance Co.t P in d m rg h , Pa.
Pxil
Chairman
Officers 1939-1940
Chotrman-- l'\ W B r a u n , Employers Mutuals Wausau, Wi$. Wnr-Choinnan--H, j. Gviffitiv, Joncs & Laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa.
239
J40
JSih NtfOt'mii S<j/</v (
{'ti(f c httjmuui W n i s M m m u i u n , H ydro Electric Power Com mission, Toronto. O iu., i art ad
Sr4rrfirry W t H an K m m , National S afely C oum il. Ine , Chicago, lit Mrmfu'rf tii t arjfc
Gnuo.r |. Ao-kM^, International Paper C o , Glens Falls, N. Y.
C \ n AtN^wnRTii. American Standards Association, N ew York, N . Y *1 T H a n .\sh , ( o n s u llm g E n g in e e r , C h ic a g o , in *K W Hf<k, l ^mted S lates Rubber O , N ew York, N. Y.
H k IVixt m, Pnnm Carbide Co , New York, N. Y. *( it Fintn.lT, W isconsin Ptihtic Service Corp , Milwaukee. W K
K W lUiiiAnn. R D_ HuHard C o , San Francisco, Calif. (S an Frandscn Chapter.} ( i.mw.r M Hi uns, Kansas <'11y Safety Conned, Kansas City, Mo. (K ansas City Chap
trr >
1-r^nk j Coskov. Unum Carbide i n , N iagara Fall. N. Y (N iagara Frontier Chapm )
In n s N UoNoijurr. Pittsburgh Plate Class C o, Creighton, Pa. (W estern PennsyL varna Safer v ( `m im il ( ha pier )
*R h Uonovam, Standard Oil Co o f California, San Francisco, C alif. I A Hiivr'Nn, I , Sloss Shrfliehi Sieel Si Iron C o , Birm ingham, Ala. (Ataharrta
Chapter.) i H ss ir s P F ahiin, C onsolidated Edison Co. o f N. Y , New York, N. Y. (MVtroprdi-
ran Chapter ) H F Chiht, American Cyanamid C o, Linden, N. j (N ew Jersey Chapter.) kov M Godwin, Philadelphia Electric Co., Philadelphia, Pa, (Philadelphia Chapter ) C I. H h.htowfr, U nited Gas P ipe Line C o., Houston, T exas (G ulf C o a s t C h a p t e r .) *K M* A KfiiW'n , Industrial Coimnisshm o f W isconsin, Madison, Win. KvmrrT K Ktm;, Lever Brothers Co., Cambridge, Mass, (B oston (( haptcr.) T homas F LtoirrffioT. The Koppers Coal Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. *M G I'.tovm, National Bureau o f Standards, W ashington, U. ( \ ) F. L unc. T h e D elaw are Si H udson Railroad Corp.,, Albany, N . Y W S P a i n t , Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., H artford, Conn. *A S Rh :ih a, Industrial Relations Counselors, fnc.. New Y ork, N Y A V KmiWHioi, D uluth, Mtssabc Si Iron Range Railway Cu Dultilh. Minn, *D ! Koyfr. Ocean Accident & Guarantee Corp., N ew York, N. Y *G E S anto mi, Genera? Riectric Co.. Schenectady, N, Y, i S S haw, H ercules Powder C o _ W ilmington, DeL C W S mith, Standard Oil C fin d ). Chicago, III.
S S mith. Union Carhidr Co . New York, N Y. *K I". T ha I n^ s. B ttick M o to r C n , F lin t, M ich.
c W V an W a;hn* x. Trader* Si General |ji>urar*rr C o , D allas, T e x a s {Smithwest < hapter.)
'S K. W hitini;, Litrertv Mutual litsutam e t ' n . Boston. Mass Wiif.iAM P. Y ant, M ine Safety Appliances C o . Pittsburgh, Pa.
*Pil r;f nKl (TmirmAti
W E D N E SD A Y LUNCHEON SESSIO N O c to b er 18. 1939
T he Annual M eeting of the A.S.S.R.E ngineertfig Seciion of the National Safety Council follow ed a luncheon held in he R en aissan ce R oom of the A m b assa
dor MpteL G eneral Chairm an R. E. D on o
van,
Safety Engineer. Standard Od
Company id California, San Francisco,
Calif., presided. M^meogirapbed copies of
, 1 S S J : Ungiti cerini} Section
2
ait committee reports were distributrd to the assembled delegates.
The report of the Nominating Commit tee was presented by C. B. Bo-ulct, C hair man. O ther mem bers of the Nominating Committee w ere D. L. Royer. A. S. Regala, S. W hiting, and C, W. Smith. A fist of names of the men elected to various
positions, as recommended by the No mating Committee, may be found tin t section of the C ongress T ransactions.
After the regular business of the me ing was concluded, Central Chairm an K. Donovan introduced the speaker for t occasion, Mr <\ A. McCone whose add* follow
Detection of Flaws in Steel and Steel Parts
By C. A. McCUME
Secretary, M agna fluii C o rp o ratio n . New Y ork City
From the standpoint of safety our chief concern is proving that important parts are fiee from physical defects or flaws of the type that might cause failure.
fn any discussion of flaws or their detec tion, consideration must be given to the conditions surrounding the part under tests; ie.f whether it is a newly made part or one
in service. In new parts defects may exist in the
metal itself in the form o f laps, seams, laminations or slag. On the other hand metal free from such imperfections can read ily be ruined by improper forging, machine ing, grinding, heat treating and other pos sible manufacturing operations.
These defects may read illy be discovered m the mill or plant and it is, therefore, easy to prevent such pact* from getting into
service. Used parts present a different aspect; the
type o f defect usually suspected is a sepa ration of the surface, or one extending from ilte surface well down in the body of the metal, commonly termed a crack.
This crack may be o f such an incipient nature as to defy detection by eye o r by means of a high powered glass or by any e{ the ordinary methods of inspection. This 8 a most dangerous type of defect became if such a part is permitted to remain in ifrvice, Failure is likely to result.
Cracks, in used parts are usually attributed to faulty design pr poor workmanship. They ire more likely the result of excessive and unanticipated stresses.
It is a knowp fact that any separation of the metallic body is considered a stress mscr and, regardless of depth, it takes little from Ihe point of excess stress or in com
bination with a vibratory stress to courage these to assume relatively lai proportions.
Where overstress is not a factor, fatig cracks developed in service may be the suit of sharp fillets, grooves from mach ing operations o r accidental notches due improper handling.
One noted authority concluded that tb was nothing remarkable as to why crat formed at such locations, the mystery v what delayed them.
The useful fatigue strength of otherw sound metal is limited to these vart< forms of conditions, which produce so-cal stress raisers.
Despite the great advance in engineer design and metallurgical developments steel and improved production method directed toward the const rue! ion o f wl might he termed failure proof equipm there are so many unpredictable factors tl prrimlir inspection of stressed parts in se ice is essential.
All parts found to contain shallow crat need not he scrapped, as m a great major ui cases, particularly on heavy sections, t crack can be removed by dressing down f surface of the metal to a point below win the crack extends, then retesting to insi that the crack has been removed. Repa can also Imp made by welding and the f ished weld just as easily inspected. We> found to contain cracks ran he chipped rewelded ami retested.
The starting o f a crack is the origin a very sharp notch. It is the sharpness this notch and not the reduction o f area the metallic body which causes progress failure Therefore, to insure safety tl
Automotive and Machine Shop Section
Officers 1938-1939
Ceueral ( hairm an- W . A. Hfchu.i , Chrysler C o rp , DeSoto D iv, Detroit, M idi
Cice-Chair m an--j. C. Power, W estinghouse Electric' & M anufacturing C o, East Pitts
burgh, Pa
V ic f-ChairntuH- I- G. S eaton, General Motors C o rp , D etroit, Mich
Secretary--L. H. Lomu*, T enn^edt M anufacturing D iv . General Motors Corp D etroit
Mich.
'
'
News le tte r Editor-- W. H. M akshai.i . Yellow T ruck & Coach ( V , Pontiac, Mich.
Engineering Committee Chair man---* K. A. S haw. M urray Corp of America D etroit
Mich.
*
1
Health Committer ( hairman- Hr A I. Hkuokh, lusher Hod> Detroit l) iv G e n e ra l M otors
Corp., Detroit, Mich.
Membership C om m ittee ( hairm an - W. H. F ratkr, Cadillac Motor Car C o, D etroit, Mid.
Foster C om m ittee C hairm an- L C Koherts, Nash K elvinator Corp,, Detroit. Mich.
Fragrant C om m ittee C hairm an-- V I T rotter, Plym outh D iv . Chrysler Corp D etroit
Mich.
*
*
Fuhticity C om m ittee C hairm an-- H. A. / aciiaki, Henry Vogt Machine Co., Louisville, Ky.
Statistics C o m tm ttee C hairm an- C VV. Rishop, L xm m iug M anufacturing C o . W illiam s
port, Pa.
Members at Large--
L. E. A vf.r iu ,, i hicago Eye Shield Co., I V troit, Mich.
*M!. A. O .akk, U. S. Kuhlier Products, Inc., Detroit, M idi.
Hoyt L. F rachf.r, D etroit Steel Products Co., D etroit, Mich.
*(i. A. Kuf.chenmeister, l>ominion Forge & Stam ping ( V , W atkerville, Dm., Canada.
*M. J. McC arthy, Fisher Body D etroit Div , General Motors C o rp , Detroit, Mich.
*H L. S ain, Industrial Commission of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio
Care L. S tokck, Delco P roducts Div., General M otors C orp. Dayton, Ohio.
R. F. T hai.nek, Buick Motor Co., Flint, Mich.
C T. WiiNF.uAR, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Midi, *Pa%t limrr*! thrnirman
Officers 1939-1940
intra) C h a irm a n -). C. Howm. W estinghouse Klectrir & M anufacturing Co . F ast Pitts-
torgh. Pa.
* *
Fif#-0<urw*-L. C*. S eaton, (General M otors Corp.. D etroit, Mich.
Smitary--V. I. T Klimm, Plymouth Div., Chrysler Corp , Detroit, Mich.
I ms Letter C om m ittee-- F. R. C ooper (Chairman), C hrysler Corp., Detroit. Mu h
W. T. HttcKERirr.E. Nash*Kelvinator ( orp., Detroit, Mich.
*
W. H. Marshau., Yellow T ruck &. Coach Co., Pontiac, Mich,
fciwrri/ <'n m m illrr--D.svin Motu i. (Chairman), Cenerai Motors Corn. Detroit M id i
HR. Bozf.u ., W hitehead & Kales, Ecorse, Mich.
*
'
A. S haw, M urray Corp. of America, Detroit, Mich,
lait* Commiitrr-- Dg. A. I.. Brooks (Chairman). Fisher Body Detroit Div ( cuera!
Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich.
'
Dl John W. H ii rf.rt, T he Studchaker Corp., South Mend, hid
D*. S. F. M ffk, Chrysler Corp , Detroit, Mich
245
n>
JiSiit ,
\
< utttfrfss
Mt tuh^r ihtp ( o m w i l f f r --1.. IV I.uomis (i h * n r , T crnsiedt Mauu facluritig Div , <* n
rral Mui<trt' ( 'up, Drtrmt, Mich C<>/rr i om m itifs- 1. ( . Ronfurs {t hmrmatt), N adi Kt*lvnalor C orp, Detroit, Mich
Vow \kit Manory, T nison* Su*ol ( <. Youngstown, Dhio.
M im n m i S ii \k. A C Spark Plug D iv , General M otors Corp., Flint, Mich.
/ '^ (/riu n ( vmTnittsc C. K W ooilfV iR (( imirman). H unk Motor D iv , General Motor*
< *>rp . f*1nl. Mrh V'. W Prsune, l.vcommg Mantif actor mg C o . Williani'-pori, Fa.
f B Cornfit. Chrvslrr G it|>, Detroit, Mich
Cnhixdty C & m m \ttfr -~ [ l A. Z achari (C hairm an), Henry V ogt M achine C o , I.mnsvttfr,
K>
( * 15 B onm k. F lk T a n tm ig ( n , Kidgway, Fa.
i<orT H. F kwooi, Budd W heel C o , Detroit, Midi.
S U itu iu s C o m m i t t e e - O h ar Lehman ( C h a irm a n ), CUryvler Carp., Jefferson Plant, f krtroiV
Mu h
tiiMki.r S tart!Nr,, Harrison Radiator Corp., Lnckjmrt, N . Y.
M r r n f n n uf i jirtjr -
*L k Avfrti i., Chicago Eye Shield Co., Detroit, Mich.
*W. A. Bm m u , Chrysler Corp., De Soto Div., Detroit, Mich.
*M . A. C lark, U. S. Rubber C o , Detroit,, M ich.
H oyt D F racher, D etroit Steel P r o d u c ts D etroit, M ick
G . A. K ufchfnmeistf.r, D om inion F orge & Stam ping Co.r W aikerviHe, Ont., Canada
M . J. M cC arthy, Fisher Body D etroit D iv ., General M otors Corp., D etroit, Mich
*H . I, S aik, industrial C om m ission o t Ohio, Columbus, Ohio,
C ari. k. S torch, D flc o Products Div., General M otors Corp., D ayton, O hio.
*R. F. T hai.nf.r, Buick Motor Div . Genera! Motors Corp. Flint, Mich.
*C T W infcar. Chrysler Corp . D etroit. Mich
' f*a*i
Chairman
TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 17. 1939
1 1m- h r s e v s j n n o t the A utom otive ;i.mf M achine Shop Section was called to order hv Vice-Chairman John C Bower. W e' tivigliouse K leruic and M anufacturing Companv. K?i<T Pittsburgh, Pa , who presided
After proceeding with the forma! election
of officers for the current year, a lint of
these being given above, the Chairman iiv
treduced the first speaker on the scheduled program
General Machine Shop Hazards and Their Correction
By HARRY L, SAIN
Special Representative,, D ivision of Safety and Hygiene, Industrial Commivgio* of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio
Suppose I were to tell you that a fearful catastrophe has befallen Ashury Park, that beautiful little city on the coast of New h-rse\ Suppose f were to fell you that of tlir H,ftQ| inhabitants of this community,
mk KK7 came through the calamity un
** :uln*d Suppose 1 were to ted vrm that
one of the unbridled forces of nature caused death to H people, p e rm a n * disabled 50 others, put 1,168 in the bon** rads and slightly injured 8,390 of the ft* maiiiing inhabitants.
It is needless to say you would be r'-iril Yet at the risk of being d a --I
Automotive otui ftfiu infte .V/r**/*S n iuot
24?
heartless and nmynnpai belie, 1 ask you --
Why should we \>c disturbed by the causes
nr the afierm aeh o f a catastrophe with only
9,619 casualties, including a little
)tk*
11 lives sacrificed and 5 0 people manned fr
life? Are we really concerned about such
things ?
It certainly should not deeply inlerest the jnadiiine shop owners and employees in Ohio, because the figures I have hern quoting
represent the toll levied against machine dmp employees of the State of Ohio in 1938. anil if anylwdy has been distressed ahout it m one has brought it very vividly to my uiciiiioit. As a matter of fact, none of us has given more than a passing thought to
this casualty list that has grown up in your *wn ranks within i h t space o f one year.
The point is just this. We are all too none to 1 impressed by the d r cum-
tfemtes surrounding death and injury,
*ther than by the fact of death and injury tntf she tremendous influence these accidents
sert upon productive capacity, economic fendards and the lives and happiness of m industrial workers.
(g ) Physical or menial defect <h) l.ark o f knowledge or skill. (fi) W rong attitude. O ) Selection, direction and proper
1 IIn* workers.
training
It may seem silty for me to enumerate thesr cam es; you know them welt. You have heard them year after year and have said, "Oli well, it s the same old story." So you go back home and do nothing about
it. You know the trouble is not with the problem, it is with you and me. I f you ask a four year old hoy, " What is the sum of 2 and 2?" and he tells you he does not know, the trouble is nut with the problem, it is with the hoy. He has not acquired
sufficient knowledge.
f have given you the six main causes o f accidents in the machine shops of Ohio, However, the second part of the subject assigned to me, "T heir Correction" is ap p a r ently where we all fail. To sum this c o r rection problem up in a few words, t might say, as Huxley once said: "Knowledge is not the main objective in life; it is action we need."
Cause*
A Psychological Problem
Our statistical rerords show that machine atop accidents, in the majority, year after gar have the same six causes. Accidents at like fashions; some fashions go on year after year. What arc the can of machine opaccidents in O hio?
L Ifachinery ............... 4,483 accidents Handling Objects ........... I J 83 accidents AHand Tools .................. - 894 accidents 4 Flying Particles . . . . . . . . 820 accidents
l Slipping liiponor S trik mg against O b je c ts .... 74! accident*
4 Fills of P e rs o n s..r . . . . 449 accidents Hal number of days lost. 11/,407 lsr umt of days lost by th e ix major c a u s e s ....... 89.1
These causes are closely related to other causes, namely. Faulty Environment
4 Faulty Human Behavior. Tlic*e two
tots can be further subdivided into metouai and personal causes such as iH Improper guarding, flHMeru've substances and equipment. t t Hazardous arrangement of machinery,
tools and equipment ^Improper and poor illumination H Improper clothing or apparel Improper healing and vcntilalion
While accident prevention effort is designed primarily to protect the physical welfare o f the worker and cannot be too heavily emphasized in our safety work, there Is, however, an important economic angle that should not be overlooked
One of Ihe problems confronting safety agencies is just how to piare their finger 1TM definite proof th at lives and money have lieen saved by their activities
We who are constantly engaged in the work of gathering and analyzing accident
know that there is a certain fluetuation in accident trends, in some measure this is unaccountable, but if the records a re given close scrutiny 1 believe you will find
that epidemics of accident* ran be easily 1raced to two sources; lack of safety methods, ami a laxity in safe practices,
Too often, both industrial groups and in dividual runH-eriis that take up accident preveiition work are loo easily disheartened
by seeming futility of their efforts, They
seem to expect that an adverse accident expcrience accumulated over a period o f years cat be wiped out by a few month* of effort when, a a mailer of fact, it is a long, uphill -limb. To ineel Oti* long climb, it
256
2#f/r National Saft'tv f tnufrcss
) w T he R itolm t had ititled over the sprt welder ant) hurord b*m faulty
There iff two instance* of lack of fort thought in thu c a d e n t the first bring that the %eratinr*s of horseplay had not been pmprrly brought home fo the workm en; aiui won!!, lark o i forethought by the person who had placed vmc gasoline in this fire pad and then left u Around loose.
Recently a large plant had occasion to have a wall painted and hired an outside concern to do the job ft w as only a one* man job and after he had set up a hanging scaffold and was afumt tr> start work, a fore man o f this plant who had watched him purely om o f personal curiosity, asked him whether he had a safety k i t to use while mu the scaffold. The roan replied " N o /' T he foreman then offered to 'Jet him use one wlm'b they had m the plant if the man cared to. T he repair man said he would like to use it am! he did. W ithin five minutes from the 6m e lie got up <m the scaffold, something happened to cause the scaffold So fad and down it came. The man. however, w as saved from a 35 foot fall hy the safety belt.
Certainty here was advanced planning. Herr wa a foreman who had been trained 10 do a dunking job on each joh. In fact 'T h is jo b of Safety" hat! heen So well
brought home ii> him by hts company's safety achvt* *`?ii he didn't stop with advance planning on hts own work but even carried it to an outsider.
Tn conclusion--the main tool needed in ad vanced planning is our imagination. On our regular production line work where the operations are of a repetitive nature, get off tn a corner somewhere for a half hour or an hour each week and watch, study, and analyze the actions and the way particular operations are performed by your employees, You may be astounded at the number of improvements which can simplify the pro* duct ion operations and tend to eliminate acci dents which, after all. are merely out growths of inefficiency,
This advanced planning is the flunking through of the yob details before the job is started, making sure that ihe probable acci dent hazards or incorrect ways of doing the job are recognised and corrected accord ingly.
The correction phase of advance planning is best accomplished by personal contact be tween worker and boss. Make your plans of educating and training more on the individ ual and informal basis of man-to-man dis cussions about the right way of doing the specific job.
ADJOURNMENT
Cement and Quarry Section
Officers 1938-1939
Generai t 'hair mou-- F rio H H omi, IV vtr) Portland <Vmotti i **., Havenport, In a
V u <-Chairman- P. N H iN iN m . M issouri Portland C en im i i ' o , S i Limo. Mo
V\ff-Chairman
Lour Star O m n i! Cnrp, N ew York, N. V
Secretary -- A, J. K. t utfifs. Portland O m e tti A*si,, C lm agn, HI.
N fu tf L ette r i i d i l a r -- l a* k Ui.*icsrt.K, Canada O m c n t ( '<, L id , Montreal, I*. y ,, ( attatla
fingmr^rintf i 'o m m iitrr < hair man--W m. Mum kk, Lone Star ( VmcMl Cm*., j X dlas Tena*.
flu/hmay ( 'a m m ittee < h w r n u m -- W. A. K*mtman, SortihwrMcrn PoriJaw l ( Vimmt < V , Lo>
Angele, Calif. Memhershif* C o m m itte e Chairman --+l \ A. litfitfif.r. L ehigh Pnriland Cement ( o . f Alle*
town, Pa. \ t t f e r C o m m ittee t httirnttm-- M. F. Yotte.h, The O n e r a i Crushed Stour C o , R ation, Pa,
program Com m itter Chairm an- W M P n w m ., Medusa Portland Cement Co., Cleveland,
Ohio. PuhUciiy C om m ittee Chairvintt--M. P. CinKF.il, M arinette (Vinetti Marni fati tiring C o , Cat*'
Girardeau* Mu, Statistics Committee Chairman--W, W. A immn, U S. Bureau of M ines Washington, X C.
Members at Large-- V. P. Ahfa#n, National Sand & Gravel Assn., Washington, 0. C.
*Wm. H, Hake*, J. fc. Baker Ce.* York, Pa. H. I), IU krv, Universal Atlas Cement Co. Chicago, JM. J. R Hovn, National Crushed Slone Assn., hie., Washington. P C *K. B. Fortihn, PennsyJvantadhKic Cement C orp, Nazareth, Pa *Ai.f.xa i>kn Foster, J r., W arner Co., Philadelphia, Pa O. M. Gmavks The Generai Crushed Slone Co.. East.... Pa. E. Possi-XT. Lone Star Cement Crp., New York, N. Y S. W S tauffer, National Lime A ssn, Washington, fX C. *F. E. Town, Medusa Portland Cement Co.. Manitowoc, W k A. L WmtTUKM. The New Haven T ra p Fock Co, New Haven, ( `otiti j. B, Zook. Great Lakes PoriJaml Cement Corp., Buffalo, N. Y. *P Bener* Oudrimm
Officers 1939-1940
(morid CVmVhi;--- P. N . IIushnfm., M issouri Portland ( Vmenl Co,, St. Lotus* Mo. kthairm\m--R A P ittmar, U niversal Alias Cement C o , finds, N Y. fotChatTtnan--*0, M- Graves, Tlie G eneral ( rtidied Stone Co., Ka^iou, Pa. Smttttry--h. J, R C urts, Portland Cement As,, ( 'htrago, Hi hmt Letter fidtter--J ack I>EMi\slm Canada Cement (o,, Ltd., MmilreaJ, P. Canada. i^preriHt Committee Cfutirmnu -*J. H. Zook, Great f akes Portland Omcnt Corn BuC t o , N. V.
Committee Chairman--*H t.nry A R fnjnufr, Lehigh Portland Cement Co., Almtown. Pa. tbfi'om Committee Chairman ~f. K Yittm*4 The General Crushed Slone Co., Easton, K tM dly Committee Chairman- lU vm Aijsm, (jiwrefire Poritand O m cnt Co., N orthKiMoii, Pa. totfiW Committee Chmrmmt -VV. W. -\immh, \ l S. Hisrrau of M ines W'achtnRlon, f). C.
257
25K
,'W i Nofiiniiil
( nattit'xt
M s m h r r t til / urgi*
! M A v n m i ^ J , mu S u r t r m c u l V u p . N r w VnrW, N \ w H IU kjh, I l. Ilakcc < o , York. Pa.
I' I* l l s u m , l j u v r r v ^ l Alla' ( e r m n l t o , K Y w Y o t k . j\* V. I K B101. N u t i . ma l t r i o l i r d S io n r A ^ t i , 1n r W a s h i n g t o n . M < *W It l i t m n i N , r n i i w \ | v a m , i I h x i c ( I'l n c n l ( m p , N a / a r t t h . P;* * A o x a n i m< ]-*k-v. h | h , \V a n i r r <. , I M id a d c lp h i a , P a
*l- K H unt, I Uw i y I*iv11a11<I f rn u n i 1 <>, I tavcupmt, hm a
S \ V S i A i i f H k , N a t i o n a l l . n n e A' m i , W a s h i n g t o n , 11 C *1*. h I o w n . M n l n s a P t n i l a n d ( c n i n i l C o . M a n i t o w o c , VVi>
*A P W okiion, The Ne w Haven T rap Kork T o , New Haven. I turn
' P* ( ^iifral 1 hiMinan
TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 17. 1939
I he opening version of the {.Vmerit and ^ u a try Section was called lo o n ie r by P. N, BtiHlinell. Missouri Portland (cm ent Com pany. St l.onis, M o, and Vice-Chairman of the Section, who picsidrd Mr. Bushnell
made a brief rcpori upon activities of the Section during the year, and then pn>cecded with the election of dicers, a list of whom is given atnive. Hie Chairman iben introtluced the first speaker.
Analysis of Cement and Quarry Accident Experience
By 1. F. L E G O R E
Safety Engineer. P ortland Cem ent Ataociation. Chicago
There seems in he rm question tliat 1939 will l*r the safest year in cement industry Instory And ihrrc is reason to Wlieve that the new low accident frequency rale will keep ( cment in the position it has held for ihr past Iwo scars as the second safest among AO industries reporting to the N a tional Safety Council
"l lie cement industry "put on the p res su re " during die first half with gratifying results, and saw thr accident trend con tinue the downward course which has l>een uninterrupted since late in 1936. The acci dent frequency rale, or score, for the first half of 1939 was A 00 per million man hours; the severity rate was at die unprecedented low level o f 1 42. This frcijuciicy rate was 13 per cent lower than the rate of 4 61 for the year 1938; the severity rate was 42 per cent lower lhan last year's rate of 2.44.
At the end of the third q u a rte r the in dustry had slipped a hit A new high for ihe year of IK accidents was reported d u r ing August, and 19 injuries were reported in Se pi r mler.
W ith operations continuing afioni 18 per cent above last year, the average of acci dents reporlcd for 8 months had advanced to 14, exactly the same as Ihe average for the first 8 months last year. This was for 130 plants, however, compared with 119 plants previously.
Greater null activity appears not to have been responsible for the rising title during the past two m onths for August activity was only 3.5 per cent above production for the Campaign month of June, according to data from the U. S. Bureau of Mines. And yet there were 80 per rent more accidents in August and September than there were in Tune.
f'P re * tire" W n A pp lied
Most of you are familiar with the annua) June No-Accident Campaign sponsored by
the Portland Cement Association, which has
contributed so much to our industry's safety progress. The 1939 Campaign covered ihe 3-month; period, April, May and June, and
was in a large measure responsible for
( rtnrttl ami {h tu n v \ rt lion
progress m.idr during Ihr hr>t half.
A model iu liv itiw m Ih iIuI for the a m l>atgn was prepared l>> ihc Association'-* Accident Prevention Ih irrau . amt was in icntionaUy made so full that in nc plant mnUl well follow 1 * the letter T he plan was micIi that atm*M am m / c program nm hl lc ^elected to in cd individual need' A valuable frahire was a s m n of safely cheek lists used hy nundurv \ an Utick" against wlticlt tn measure safeguarding and safe practices standards Emphasis was placed on the 4 danger spots which have lern found In contribute so nuirli to the srvrrily of injuries.
Severity
an rm n mmi-otal pm hlrni ihc solu tion n\ In* li mid rr:sfi(iahl> 1h* ex p ected tn ira<'h-d liy engineering m easures. It tlnnired (iin lm u n t rc-caTth into the can
d I ' u c ^ u r m jo r \ se v en ty and Miggt"' iliul va 1-guarding im-a^urrs and *afr pr tires le stepped up. with particular phasis rm the four chief ranges.
Tin- v\a> dune in ihc m-tics if 2] glottal safety meetings held in strategics locate I cities all over I lie United Slates * attended hy all hut a handful of plant t ccutivpx. It was done hy means of series of safely cheek lists prepared dun the luuc Campaign Additions and si gr lions were included in the pages of \ Monthly Accident Komut Table and l
You will recall that at last year's safety congress the results o f an intensive study of injury severity were outlined. Declared to be the most arresting fact and the big gest safety problem facing the cement in dustry was the disproportionately high severity of injuries compared with the e x perience of comparable heavy industries
monthly Clip Sheet of Safety Items of l terest for use as discussion topics in pb safety meetings and in plant safety nev papers Successive issues o f Accident Pi venting Magazine carried the story, series <>f posters starring the cement i d u slrs's safely mascot, "Andy Seezit," ft thcr emphasized them at Campaign time
Over more than a qnartcr-ccutury of o r
Results Gratifying
ganized safety work the mimlier of acci dents j**r million man hours was reduced 95 per cent. Hill reduction in >evcri|y of
injuries has not kepi pace
Whal has hern the result? It is mu hu rally tn evaluate properly the effect this piogrnm in reduce injury severity oth lhaii to <ay that apparently we are on I
The study showed that for years over 90 right track Aii estimated 42 per cent t
per cent of our industry's severity rate ha duction m six mouths is no mean accm
been produced hy the time charges for the plishmcni ; for severity largely determin
three classes of injuries termed severe, the cost of accidents.
namely, fatalities, permanent lotal and j*ermanent partial disabilities. Analysis o f w e re injuries reported during the past five years indicated that four top danger spots in cement plants have contributed almost three-quarters of alt fatalities and
permanently crippling injuries. Last year ihc unusually large proportion of 90 per cent of such injuries were shown to he a t tributable to the four danger sjKds.
In Ihe first 8 months of 1938, 15 cemei tneu were killed or permanently injured contact with moving machinery, only o less than were seriously hu rt by machin in the entire 12 months o f 1937. In t first 8 months of 1939, however, only cement men were killed or permanent crippled hy moving machinery. Five mair iug machinery injuries have been avert* although accidents from 11 more ceme
These producers of excessive injury se plants re represented in the data, and mi
verity a r c : moving machinery, high places activity is 18 per cent above last year.
(falling men and objects), electricity, and
In the 8-iiiniith period ended in Augus
railroad. Last year moving machinery was six men have licen injured seriously in fat
responsible for almost half o f all deaths iug from one level to another o r bein
and permanent injuries High places acci struck hy something falling upon the
dents contributed almost one-fourth o f them, electricity one-temh and railroad more than
from an upper level. This is one less sue an injury than last year. T w o have bee
7 per cent.
killed in high places accidents w hereas th
The Committee on Accident Prevention and Insurance accepted the conclusion that
lives of three were lost in the same perio previously.
each of the four danger spots represents
In Ihe first eight months of last year tw