Document rpkw4EjKp5bZR3zrraNJ2xJxv

e0 federal public service HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT CCIM PFAS Working group report - DGEM DPPC MRBC PFAS: Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances Man-made chemicals Produced since 1950s Defined by Carbon Fluor bond (C-F) One of the strongest chemical bonds "forever chemicals" Large group of substances Over 4000 according to OECD PTFE (Teflon) PFOS  Definition changed over the years Examples 01 PFASs that already meet the definition by Buck et at. (2-011) r ExampWs of PFA5n thal are added under the new OECD definition" %0. r ri rr r r r pardnmendareadon.cared [Weed Cana OISINCIN 'WM prnarry nurraar {cheat/ 174.1.2.1,1 r pa-diver 44.'4nt ca.54i r55-[7-o poderenenre-nte CMin7S-7]-a rendanrareinderm WON Link 171-15-4 9...4"90r... 140-1234ro CAHN 2f111-2A-1, pironwarNetlahana.s..Llieek len CAGRN 2104-554 / \ Centel taidA-22-1 {05IN 7110JAH1 I-1 e #L NI 0 n, ff 55 C r 81 firoI 11--ci era iii manna er LAICIIN an cramp& el pernuarmanyetrars IFFPgal. emerleenn pnerrellMr; I. glib} mak/Lien- fully 14'01-inked talky% &widen that Wetly nlavil the doi.mtlah ey uck et L. 12011; gnu' Motet/es Ilwarthated alkanedlyl mstetieS that are acl4ad uncle out rim +DEC0 4ihnillorq MCigetleS 100elehl ring's CASRPI 171774-15.1 arettanwiener :fled 411-140 JJ tl " %N.- f Wel CAM annall-The LIMN 24210 ec6-4 neitewameapellineven* Usu.. ere.vad Examples 41 substances I hal are NOT PFASs e0 federal public service HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT LAMM 77141-1 [URN 41441.2 tralieremiaInse CASE/1 71.447 USPOO71-7Z-e LUSK 71410 [Men 131447-I emeeremeua came te.11, 1 eo.viee liblaligIryFI amianearaladaerro GiAldp L16AM St-44.2 Very large group of substances Very large group of substances Over 4000 substances Several large groups Classically known PFAS (PFOS, PFOA, etc.) Fluorinated polymers Fluoropolymers Side-chain fluorinated polymers Fluorocarbons F-gases ... PFAS use C-F bond is very strong very stable molecules interesting characteristics Stability and thermo resistance (can withstand high temperatures) Electrical wire coating Use in Personal Protection equipment (fire fighting gear) Fire fighting foams Water and grease repellent characteristics Outdoor gear like tents, shoes and raincoats (for example Gore-Tex) Non-stick pots and pans (Tefal) Food contact materials (popcorn bags, pizza boxes, ...) Airconditioning Fire extinguishers Heat pumps Refrigeration ONE-OF-A-KIND POLYMERS Fluoropolyrners are unique chemical substances used across numerous technologies. industrial processes and everyday applications frorn the aviation industry to transportation, medical devices and energy production and technical apparel_ With a unique set of properues, they are durable, chemically inert and mechanically strong_ Fluorpolymers help to keep us safe end enable Innovation. SuSiAllIASLEauseirtais Essential uses? 44b 111 ill .r a ti lt 'I fli AEROSPACE s. ,, ..,.., ,.':,,.:::,:.s,.,:.:..::.::,.-..,....,..:.-.-,.z_:.,>,..,.'-..,'.;,-,,.-,.-".-.,.;=.,..' 4. . e\\\ti ...' ',......c-' '......"..,i% 1... ,/.0 , , I IF, 5 5 1441 E. .bot,. A * PLASTICS EUROPE trebling o Auslelnatle future rSroiropoiyrntirS Product Group WHY DO WE USE FLUOROPOLYMEFIS? Ensure, reliability and performance across a variety of sectors Low-risk polymer for human health & environment help drive EU industry competitnioness and innovation Crincal to numerous technologies enabling the Green Deal, reducing waste and emissions Few, if any, viable alternatives CIESENCASINOLISTAY POWER IMAESTRY ENERGY if;= . a At (6 r 4._ federal public HEALTH, FOOD AND ENVIRON OIGITALMATION F000 SAFETY MEDICAL USE eeSiUry Uses of fluoropolymers Promoting sustainnble and smart mobility through erectric vetides. Extending the Weeper, of medical equipment end devices, reducing the need far repleoemerria, dak ci return end cross infections. Enabling a data driven economy though the marerfectunng of microprocessors and semi-conductors. Feailiteting the Renovation Were end the construction of energy efficient Driving innovation and helping decarbonise the aviation industry. Assisting the chemicals industry in preventing corrosion in harsh environments Ensuring food and pharmaceuticals mmain fresh end uncontaminated. Protecting workers in professional protective end high-performance clothing. 6 Environmental fate and exposure to PFAS Many different points of exposure to humans. Source: Brase et. al 2021 Environmental fate and exposure to PFAS C-F bond is extremely persistent in the environment Irreversible environmental contamination Very hard to remove from water, soil and air Widespread use in consumer products (textiles, food contact materials, cosmetics) Landfill leachate Incomplete incineration release of PFAS to atmosphere ... PFAS Hazards Overarching concern: persistence Health concerns defined for some PFAS are: Bioaccumulation Carcinogenicity Toxicity to reproduction Effects on immune system link with COVID vaccine efficiency ... Only a few PFAS are extensively studied Emerging concerns Low-dose effects Non monotonic dose response Mixture effects Figure 1. Overview of exposure sources, pathways and health effects associated with PFASs Source: HBM4EU Policy brief e0 federal public service HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT Possible sources of exposure How can PFAS enter your body? How might PFAS affect your health? House dust Immunotoxicity Occupational exposure Es"21 (PEAS manufacture, firefighters, ski waxing, chromium plating...) Home consumer products Personal care products Breast milk Contaminated drinking water Contaminated food Food consumer products Via dermal absorption Via ingestion Where they can be possibly found? Thyroid disease 0 Increased cholesterol levels Liver damage 0 Kidney and testicular cancer Developmental toxicity O Effects on reproduction and fertility PEAS can be found in consumer products, such as food packaging and cookware: personal care products, such as shampoo, dental floss, nail polish and eye makeup; cleaning products, upholstery, leather, and carpets as well as home improvement products such as paints, varnishes, t lubricants and sealants. It can also be found in contaminated drinking water (close to manufacturing facilities, waste treatment facilities, firefightingand military training sites and airports) or food (fish, meat, Fruit and fruit products, eggs, vegetables and vegetable products due to contaminated soil). R.) K 0  PFAS detected in blood serum in approximately 98% of the population HBM show large portion exceeding the guideline values PFOS and PFOA levels are decreasing Not the case for other PFAS!  Body of knowledge is increasing But still a lot of knowledge gaps! Impossible to fill in all gaps in a reasonable time PFAS tox database Federal level actions on PFAS DGEM Substance evaluations of PFAS substances under REACH Belgian Competent Authority of REACH: Belgian vote for authorisation and restriction dossiers NAPED: research activities on PFAS substances envisaged under this plan Follow-up of the CSS and the REACH and CLP revisions Piloting the CCIEP group on PFAS (see next slides) Inspection campaigns on PFAS Belgian Builds Back Circular Substitution project on PFAS To be developed by FOD Economie Study on PFAS in textiles With focus on PFAS in home textiles DG APF BE position on EU Food Law actions and Food Contact Materials Projects related to PFAS in food (PERFOOD and FLUOREX) History of PFAS actions in chemical legislation 2006: EU restriction of PFOS (under Dangerous Substance Directive) 2009: PFOS added to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP regulation in EU) 2011: PFOA and APFO identified as SVHC + CLP classification 2012: ICCM3 identifies PFAS as emerging policy issue 2016: PFNA identified as Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) + CLP 2017: PFOA added to the REACH restriction list (Annex XVII) 2017: PFDA identified SVHC + CLP 2019: HFPO-DA (Gen-X) identified SVHC 2020: PFOA added to Stockholm Convention Well know PFAS get regulated lesser known related PFAS replace them! = regrettable substitution 2020: PFBS identified as SVHC 2021: C9-C14 added to the REACH restriction list (enters into force in 2023) 2023: PFHxS and related substances will be added to the Stockholm Convention 14 Other PFAS related policy topics Sector specific Food Contact Materials (FCM) Plant Protection Products (PPP) Water Drinking water Directive (DWD) Groundwater Directive (GWD) Water Framework Directive (WFD) ... Product policy Ecolabel Sustainable Product Initiative (SPI) Food EFSA opinion Food contaminants regulation Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) BAT E-PRTR Waste Soil International PIC OECD PFC group OSPAR SAICM Research Horizon Europe ... These competences in are divided Belgium 15 2019: Creation of the "short-chain" PFAS working group EU and International policy actions shift from well known long-chain PFAS (PFOA and PFOS) to lesser known short-chain PFAS (PFHxA, PFBS, etc.) Focus on "grouping approach" to tackle the large group of substances Arrow-head approach: target degradation product of large group of substances For example: PFHxA restriction process under REACH: group of substances with PFHxA as degradation product Resulting in a lot of different uses being tackled in risk management measures like restrictions Need for coordinated information gathering and exchange of information between Belgium authorities to follow these policy actions Resulted in the creation of a CCIEP short-chain PFAS working group As a subgroup of the CCIEP-Chemicals working group To share and collect data on short-chain PFAS in Belgium Report on the current knowledge of Short-Chain PFAS in Belgium 16 Renewal and extension of the CCIEP mandate May 2021: Historical pollution of PFOS near a production site in Zwijndrecht (Antwerp) gets media attention Results in political actions: Federal: Joint-Interministerial Conference on Environment and Health (JICEH) of July 8 2021, which requested to: Extend and expand on the mandate of the short-chain PFAS CCIEP working group To inform and optimize different actions being taken in BE Act as national expert body including all relevant authorities in order to share and collect PFAS related data 17 CCIEP PFAS Working Group New mandate negotiated and finalized in December 2021 includes: Building of a BE databank on PFAS Exchange of information between authorities to contribute to international actions (REACH restrictions, POPs, etc.) Update the existing PFAS report Expand from short-chain to all PFAS Adding current challenges and perspectives Exchange of information with other groups to enhance PFAS policy actions Expansion of the composition adding health competences 18 CCIM PFAS in Belgium report Initial goal: provide overview of the current situation regarding short-chain PFAS in Belgium Identify the production, use, emissions of these substances in Belgium Provide an overview of PFAS related projects in Belgium To identify actions and perspectives Second version, focusing on PFAS in general, was finalized in September 2022 Some disclaimers: The report has been developed as a living document and thus includes incomplete chapters that need completion Intended to be a strategical document for BE position development and communication to the JICEH 19 Structure Overview Hazards and Risk Management Measures BE data on PFAS Import, Production, Uses and Emissions Waste, recycling, re-use Monitoring and research BE risks, forecasts, evolutions (Importance of PFAS in BE) Overview of BE PFAS policy Alternatives to PFAS Discussion and Perspectives 20 Current discussion/conclusion of the report Large uncertainties remain on the production and use of PFAS in BE Lesser-known PFAS will be topics of discussion in regulatory actions Especially F-gasses and Fluorinated polymers Research on PFAS hazards and risks needs to be generated Especially on the lesser known and on mixture effects Innovation and substitution of PFAS across the life-cycle Need to look at concepts like safe and sustainable by design for alternatives Research and Development on PFAS remediation and destruction needs Regulatory actions on EU and international level are needed Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restrictions of CHemicals (REACH) CLP revision (inclusion of PMT and vPvM hazard classes) Development of concepts like Safe and Sustainable by Design and essential use 21 Current discussion/conclusion of the report Large uncertainties remain on the production and use of PFAS in BE Lesser-known PFAS will be topics of discussion in regulatory actions Especially F-gasses and Fluorinated polymers Research on PFAS hazards and risks needs to be generated Especially on the lesser known and on mixture effects Innovation and substitution of PFAS across the life-cycle Need to look at concepts like safe and sustainable by design for alternatives Research and Development on PFAS remediation and destruction needs Regulatory actions on EU and international level are needed Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restrictions of CHemicals (REACH) CLP revision (inclusion of PMT and vPvM hazard classes) Development of concepts like Safe and Sustainable by Design and essential use Belgian Builds Back Circular (BBBC) - PFAS mapping study BBBC, FLUOREX, PFASFORWARD, Regional studies, reports and (bio)monitoring Chemical Strategy for Sustainability (CSS) and REACH PFAS restrictions PFAS Challenges Large amount of substances Impossible to have complete toxicological profile of all PFAS Impossible to have regulatory action and risk management on substance-by-substance basis Large amount of uses Strongly imbedded into current society Hard to substitute due to advantageous characteristics Medical uses, green technologies, Safety equipment, etc. Persistent characteristics Don't break down naturally + Very hard to remove from environment = concentrations will keep rising irreversibly Even uncertainties on whether incineration can completely break down the C-F bond Perspectives Large number of substances Act on PFAS as a group REACH restrictions and Stockholm Convention Prevent need for substance-by-substance analysis Prevent need for in depth toxicological analysis of all PFAS grouping based on common hazard persistence Keep expanding the PFAS knowledge base (PFAS tox and PubChem database) Large number of uses Ensure data flow throughout the supply chain Look at concepts like essential use Look into alternatives and Safe and Sustainable by Design concepts Persistent characteristics Innovation on destruction and remediation techniques Look into concepts like extended producer responsibility e0 federal public service HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT Thank you for your attention! 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