Document reZvGQzgBNDvN4aJbbBJXw84V

FILE NAME: Union Carbide (UC) DATE: 1973 Feb 22 DOC#: UC375 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Internal Report - Airborne Asbestos Dust Concentrations in Drilling Fluid Operations Using Wet-Refined Asbestos AIRBORNE A5BEST0S DUST CONCENTRATIONS in nRILLING FLUID OPERATIOMS using ` WFT~REFINED asbestos This rep ort p ro v id es a gen eral in terp retation o f the o verall r e s u lts from fo u r o n -s ite evalu ation s. In d ivid u al reports on each are a v a ila b le . H. B. Rhodes & E. 0. Kleber PIEASE NOTE: M ost o f th e com panies co o p e r a t in g in th e se t e s t s are cu stom ers o f M on tello and conducted the te s ts to a scerta in th a t th e ir use o f the pro duct com plies wrth standards s e t forth in the fed era l ' O ccupational S a fety and H ealth A ct. R esu lts o f th ese t e s t s a r e made a v a i l a b l e t o o t h e r com panies s o l e l y fo r t h e i r u se i n m aking t h e i r own e v a lu a t io n s o f p ro c e d u r e s to be f o llo w e d in u s in g th e m a t e r ia l. Jo r e p r e se n ta tio n s are made, nor are to be im p lie d , from t h is r e p o r t as to th e s a f e t y o f t h is m a te r ia l no mat t e r how i t i s u sed . UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION Mining & Metals D ivision Miagara F a lls , Novi York February 22, 1973 ABS-028801 INTRODUCTION A survey has been made to examine the le v e ls o f a sb estos dust that may occur when w et-refin ed asbestos is used as an ingredient in d r illin g flu id s . Both open-air and enclosed dumping operations were checked. A range o f dumping rates from 10 to 80 sacks .per hour was used. Tests were run with three types o f w et-refined asb esto s: 1. A fine-ground hydrophobic asbestos known commercially as Arcovis 953. (2) 2. A coarse-ground asbestos known commercially as Super-V isbestos. 3. A new version o f Super-Visbestos in the form o f 1/8" granular p ellets. I t i s important to emphasize th a t the dust le v e ls reported herein are s p e c i f i c for the w et-refin ed asbestos types described and do not apply to dry- . processed C alifornia or Canadian a sb estos. The reports giving the d e ta ils o f the dumping and sampling at four lo ca tio n s and the raw data obtained are appended for referen ce. This report provides a more general in terp retation o f the overall r e s u lts . SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The h ig h est dust le v e l measured during any of the nine.dumping operations te ste d was .5 fib e r s /g c . greater than 5 micrometers in len gth '.1> which is over 55* o f the allowabTe ceT ling concentration. This lev el occurred during the dumping of the fine-ground product in a small enclosed area to sim ulate North Slope conditions and i s not typ ical o f routine mud operations. The more rep resen tative t e s t s gave r e s u lts below 2 fib e r s /c c . which is le s s than 20% of allow ab le. Time-weighted average values were calculated fo r a ll dumps on the b asis o f one dumping period per s h if t and a background exposure o f 0 .3 fib e r /c c . during the time asbestos vas not being handled. The highest value found in any o f the dumps was 0 .7 fib e r s /c c . fo r North Slope conditions with 0 .3 - 0 .4 fib e r s /c c . typ ical o f normal operations. The la t t e r values are le s s than 102 o f the current allowable value o f 5 fib e r s /c c . and 20% o f the projected value o f 2 f ib e r s /c c . in 1976, As would be expected, the new-granular product gave much le ss d u st, i . e . : 20-50%, than the coarse-ground Super-V isbestos. CALCULATION PROCEDURES The OSHA regulations permit exposure to a ie ilin g concentration o f 10 f ib e r s /c c . and an 8-hour time-weighted average exposure o f 5 r ib e r s/c c . In th is work, the c e ilin g concentration occurred in the breaching zone o f the operator during the dumping o f the asbestos and is reported d irectly as measured. i^ F o r convenience, in this discussion, the term " fib eis/cc." w ill be taken to mean th e e n tir e term, " fib e r s/c c , greater than 5 mi crone ters in length."  The 3-hour tinsa-yeigfitsd average i s b a sic a lly a sim ple concept that can be expressed as: T HA ` /'''Fibers/cc. in a ~j Time in hours over which the = Time-Weighted Average ? part ic u la r sample] p a r tic u la r sample was c o lle c 8 Where: "= Summation o f samples co lle c te d over the 8-hour period. ' r ^ s s . 'T .s M s * " of f Z fnd a S 3 exp u r f fo r the remainder o f the s h i f t . The data obtained t ? is fo?k iS d ic a te a reasonable and probably ihiflh) S for the background o f 0 .3 f ib e r s /c c . This number w ill be used in the c a lc u la tio n o f 8-hour TWA v a lu es. . REVIEW OF DATA nusf counts have been obtained a t four lo ca tio n s; three by Union Carbide Ui,u)dLTM--------- --- -------------- "i complete reports are appended for referen ce. 3 f lu O n 6 Djr V r.H.-- >** . ... . *.>.<**-'**----- In th is s e c tio n , the data are reviewed and the te ch n ica l basis for the background*levelSassumption j u s t described i s provided. An 8-hour time-weighted average v a lu e -is a ls o calcu lated for each dump* .... --- ^-------- Ccut j raX Olclahona W e ll L o c a tio n In t h is t e s t 20 sacks o f regular Super-Visbestos were dumped over a 21-minute perfod A fter a w a it o f about 10 minutes 20 sacks o f the f t* Granular Super-V isbestos were dumped over a 26-minute period. The fib e r count data for th e airborne dust samples obtained is shown grap h ically in Figure 1. The fig u r e gives fib e r count as a function o f elapsed tim e.. ' The c e ilin g concentration sample taken in the breathing zone o f the operator during the dump of regular Super-Visbestos gave a count o f 1.9 fio ers When m in u lir Super-Visbestos was dumped 10 minutes la te r , the count was down to S OJ P Surln these suns p erio d s, the dwnrted counts were 0.51 and 0 31 f here r e s p e c tiv e ly , w hile upwind values of <0.1 and 0 .1 5 fib ers were found The wind was a lig h t , somewhat v a riab le breeze so a ll of th ese value* seem reasonable and in te r n a lly c o n siste n t. ' Note that the hiqhest environmental sample found (P o sitio n 3^ down-wind) was onlv 0 5 fib e r and tfiis SEcurred during the dumping o f the ground Super-Visbe fth oianuiar Suo'r V isbestos the maximum seen was 0 .3 fib e r or le s s . . The assume v a l u e V 0 .3 fib e r for the background lev el whep no asoestos is being nandled thi seems reasonable. . , ,"? " " ^ ^ s r : 8 i ^ s i J 5 ! ,* S ru iJS S iT J f % fls H bdiS, hdri.od hu. . - t o u c h ,o . The data in Figure 1 can be used to estim a te TWA values fo r both types o f asb estos dumped. For the regular S u p er-V isb estos, consider the exposure to be 1,9 fib e r s fo r th e 30-minute period covering both the dump and subsequent time u n til the lower reading was obtained. For the remaining 7 -1 /2 hours o f the s h i f t i t i s assumed th a t the operator dumps no more asb estos and is exposed to a back ground le v e l o f 0 ,3 fib e r s . Thus: _ (1.9 fib ers) (0 ,5 hours) + (0 .3 fib ers) (7 .5 hours) = 8 hours TWA = = 0.4 fibers This i s only (0 .4 ) {100)/5 * 8SS o f th e allow able exposure le v e l. For the granular Super-V isbestos, consider the exposure to be 0.4 fib e r s for 0 .5 hour and the assumed background o f 0 .3 fib ers for 7 .5 hours. Thus: . -TWA = 8 = 0 .3 fibers This i s S% o f the allow able TWA. f " ........ ....... ^""3 L ocation . Near H o u sto n , Texas The next s e r ie s o f t e s t s to be examined were run at C IZ Z I2 g " .7 " " T 7 " r " -3 on September 25 and 26* 1972* These t e s t s were intended to sim u late con d itio n s on the North Slope. Dumping was done in a sm a ll, covered en closu re about 10' x 111 x 9* high. Dumps were made with one s id e open 8' to approximate normal conditions and with everything closed as occurs in the A rctic during extrem ely cold and windy weather. Finely-ground hydrophobic asbestos (A rcovis 953) and granular Super-Visbestos were dumped on su c c e ssiv e days. Finely-Ground Hydrophobic A sb estos: In the f i r s t day's t e s t , 30 sacks o f Arcovis" 953 were dumped in' 29 minutes with the 8' door open. Dust le v e ls were monitored during the dump and fo r a 1-1/2 hour period th e r e a fte r. . Approximately 2-1/2 hours la te r the door was closed and 30 more sacks o f Arcovis were dumped in 36 minutes. Dust le v e ls were again measured during the dump and for about 1-1/2 hours th e r e a fte r. The data are shown in Figure 2 with the airborne asb estos dust concentration- in fib e r s /c c . greater than 5 micrometers given as a function o f elapsed time. The exact sample point lo ca tio n s referred to in the figu re are shown in the appended rep ort. They are approximately: . 1. In a "dead" com er adjacent to the door. 2. D ir e c tly over the hopper. (The hopper is near the wall on the o p p o site sid e from the door.) 3. Breathing zone o f operator during dump. 4 . Over empty sacks in rear corner near hopper. -3- ABS-028804 During the f i r s t dump w ith the door open, the c e ilin g concentration sample from the operator's breathing zone gave a lev el o f 1 .3 f ib e r s . All of the other samples were 0 .3 fib e r or le s s . . In the second dump with the room closed t ig h tly , the breathing zone ( t 3) and the sample d ir e c tly oyer the hopper were very c lo s e a t 5 ,5 and 5 .2 fib e r s , r e s p e c tiv e ly . When the dump was fin is h e d , the le v e l over the hopper (2 ) then ' dropped sharply to 0 .5 fib e r . At the same tim e, the lev el a t P oint 4 , near the hopper but over the empty bags was only 0 .3 f ib e r . In normal p ra ctice in the A r c tic , the dump is made and the operator lea v es the area e n tir e ly . On th is b a s is , i t would be reasonable to use a value o f 0 fib e r s fo r the time o u tsid e o f the'dump in estim ating the TWA exposure. In order to keep the data d ir e c tly comparable with the other lo c a tio n s covered in t h is rep ort, however, the value o f 0 .3 fib e r w ill be used. The r e s u lts in Figure 2 a lso corroborate that th e 0 .3 le v e l fo r general background is probably high. The data can be used to estim a te the TWA values fo r both the open and c lo se d dumps. For the open dump, con sid er the exposure to be 1 .3 fib e r s for 1/2 hour and 0 .3 fib e r for 7*1/2 hours. Thus i TWA = J iL-II ,.t ( - 3 7 - 5? * 0 .4 fib e r For the closed-door dump, the values are 5.5 fib ers ^ 2 /3 hours and 0 .3 fib e r s for the remaining 7-1/3 hours to give: TWA = -5) ( ' 3) .(-H / .3?.. B o .7 fib ers Granular S u p er-V isbesfos: In the second day's t e s t , 30 bags o f granular Super-Visbestos were dumped in 29 minutes with the door opening closed o f f . Dust le v e ls were monitored during the dump and for a 1 -1 /2 hour period th e r e a fte r . The door was then opened and 30 more bags were dumped in 30 minutes. Dust le v e ls were again measured during the dump and fo r approximately 1 -1 /3 hours th e r e a fte r . Sample c o lle c tio n p oin ts were a t the same lo c a tio n s j u s t described. The data are shown in Figure 3 in the same coordinates as Figure 2 but a t different scales. Before examining the data, i t should be recalled that on the previous day, a more dusty product, Arcovis 9 53, had been dumped with the b u ild in g -clo sed . Sample Point #1 gave a reading o f 1.0 -fibers on a sanple c o lle c te d during and a fte r the Arcovis dump. (See Figure 2) .During tile f i r s t Super-Visbestos dump shown in Figure 3, P oint I gave ' a value o f 0 .8 fib e r . This dropped sharply to only 0.1 fiber'when the door was opened. A lso, a background sample taken over the hopyer before the s t a r t of th is dump had a reading of 0 .7 fib e r . This su ggests ifiat the clo sed room a t the s t a r t o f these dumps contained a le v e l o f 0 .7 - 0 .8 fib ers as a resid u al from the previous days' te sts. -4ABS-028805 During the f i r s t granular Super-V isbestos dump (room clo se d ) the c e ilin g concentration breathing zone sam ple, #3, showed a le v e l o f 1.8 fib e r s . At the same tim e, the adjacent region over the hopper, P oint #2, was at e s s e n t ia lly th e same le v e l, i . s , , 1 .7 f ib e r s . When the dump was fin ish e d , the le v e l over the hopper (P oint 2) dropped to the very low value o f 0 .2 fib e r . At P oint #4 , near the hopper but over the empty bags, the le v e l was only 0.1 fib er throughout the two hours. ' During the second dump, with the door open, the breathing zone (#3) and hopper {82) samples v/ere both only 0 .4 fib e r . The form erly "dead" area (1) was 0.1 fib e r throughout. The hopper (#2) dropped to 0.1 f ib e r a fte r the dump was com pleted. The #4 p o s itio n , in the corner over the b ags, went up from 0.1 fib e r to the s t i l l very low lev el o f 0 .3 fib e r . Recognizing the inherent inaccuracies in the dust count technique, these data obtained and those obtained with the Arcovis present an in te r n a lly co n sisten t p ic tu r e . I t appears that the hopper i s gen erally a ctin g as an a sp irator and is removing d u st-laden a ir from the immediate v ic in it y . I ts e f f e c t does not appear to reach as fa r as the opposite corner o f the room, P o sitio n # 1 , however. The modest in crea se in Point #4 with the door open could be due to a "dead" area developing in the corner but the data are too lim ited to more than sp ecu late. The data from Figure 3 can be used to estim ate the TWA values for the operator. For the closed-door ca se, the peak concentration would be 1 .8 fib ers fo r 1/2 hour to give: TWA = ( 1 ;8 ) .iPr. ) - t . (Q.-J.l .-(7 `5) = Q<4 fjb e r gi v e: For the open-door dump, the values are 0.4 and 0 .3 , r e s p e c tiv e ly , to TM* - (0-4) (-5 ) l(0.3? (7-5) . 0.3 fiber fcT. ____.. ~.T. . Texas Panhandle W ell L o ca tio n The_third s e r ie s o f te s ts were run at f.. mucj was raj xec| i n a 25' x ?' mud house w ith open doors at both ends. The'hopper was adjacent to the door a t one end o f the house- A diagram is a v a ila b le in the complete report appended. The t e s t consisted o f a dump o f 10 bags of Super-V isbestos a t regularly spaced in te r v a ls o f 6 minutes otfer a 60-minute period. This was followed by a 30-minute w ait and then a dump o f 10 bags o f granular Super-V isbestos -in the same manner. During the en tire period, the wind o u tsid e was blowing stro n g ly . It was in a d ir e c tio n , however, such that even though both doors were open there was no stron g d ra ft through the building. . For these t e s t s , samples were c o lle c te d a t the fo llo w in g p oin ts: P osition 1: P osition 2: P osition 3: Opposite corner a t same end o f t r a ile r as mud hopper. End o f tr a ile r a t opposite from the mud hopper. Operator breathing zone during dumps. -5- ASS-028S06 The dust count r e su lts obtained are shown g rap h ically in Figure 4. For th e dump o f regular Super-V isbestos,, the dust le v e l in the breathing zone was 1 .0 fib e r . The environmental samples near the hopper and at the other end o f the t r a ile r were considerably lower and decreased w ith d istan ce from the hopper. During the follow ing h a lf hour (1 2 :1 5 -1 2 :4 5 ), the two environmental samples showed a moderate in crease which a lso continued over the ensuing one-hour dump o f the granular Super-V isbestos. In the h a lf hour a fte r the second dump, however, the le v e ls at both P osition 1 and P o sitio n 2 dropped. The breathing zone sample c o lle c te d during th is dump was the same as the adjacent environmental sample a t P osition 1, i . e . , 0.5 fib e r . This pattern suggests th at the second breathing zone sample i s more rep resen tative o f the general lev el at the hopper end o f the t r a ile r than a d ir e c t measure o f dust generation by the granular Super-V isbestos. The correct granular Super-Visbestos le v e l, however, should be no more than the 0 .5 fib er measured. As in the previous t e s t s , the general le v e l o f environmental samples, i ' . e . , 0.1 - 0 .3 fib ers in the opposite end o f the t r a ile r , and 0 .3 - 0 .5 fib ers d ir e c t ly adjacent tD the dumping area, continue to support the v a lid ity of the value o f 0 .3 fib e r as the background exposure le v e l fo r the time period when asbestos is not being handled. Regular Super-V isbestos: TWA = i l -03) (1) + (0 .3 ) (7) = 0<4 fit>er Granular S uper-V isbestos: m , l iLS). .0 .1 -*J 0 ,3 ) W . 0 . 3 fib e r __ ~"..IT.TT south L ouisiana W ell Location The l a st data to be considered were obtained by f C Z 3Z L -------Z 3 This was an open-air dump wherein 21 bags o f granular SuperV isbestos were dumped in 15 minutes and 5 minutes were spent in cleanup and disposal of the bags. A s lig h t wind was blowing towards the worker. Two samples were c o lle c te d sim ultaneously in the breathing zone o f the worker during the dump. One sample was c o lle c te d a t the same time in the breathing zone o f an observer standing about 3' upwind. Results are shown in the table below. SAMPLE NO. LOCATION TIME FLOW RATE TOTAL VOLUME MINUTES LITERS/MIN LITERS ASBESTOS CONC. FIBERS/CC. 1 At breathing zone o f worker. 22,0 1.5 2 At breathing zone o f worker. 21.3 2.9 3 At breathing zone of the observer. 20,3 4.3 33.0 ' 1.4 61.8 0.6 87.3 0.0 ABS-028807 -6- (1) D uring th e dump, as vje.il as d u rin g cle a n u p and a s s o c i a t e d o p e r a t io n s . . the data from the two breathing zone samples, although somewhat d if f e r e n t , are in reasonable agreement fo r th is kind o f dust sampling and counting. The le v e ls found are a lso in the same general range as the r e su lts obtained a t the other three lo c a tio n s . The zero le v e l found for the observer a ls o supports the assumption o f the 0 .3 fib e r value for TWA c a lc u la tio n s. Thus: w (' ) P - 3 ) U - P ) . 0.35 or using the 0.6 fib er reading m = CO-6) (0 .3 3 ) + (0 .3 ) (7.67) a ^ 8 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS The data from the various t e s t s have been assembled in Table I arranged approximately in the order o f in creasin g dumping ra te. Both c e ilin g concentration and estim ated tim e-weighted-average values are included. The data are shown g ra p h ica lly as a function o f dumping ra te in Figures 5 and 6 . C eiling Concentration Figure 5 gives the c e ilin g concentration r e su lts. The highest value observed was 5 .5 fib e r s th at occurred when the fine-ground m aterial was dumped in' a small enclosed area. Even th is l e v e l , however, is only 55% o f th at allow able in the 0SHA re g u la tio n s. All o f the other data regardless o f asb estos-typ e dumping rate or type o f enclosure are below 2 fib e r s. Certain o f the data were p aired , as shown by the connecting arrows, to t e s t the e f f e c t o f a s in g le v a ria b le. The two pairs of points connected by the s o l i d arrows are a d ir e c t comparison between coarse-ground (regu lar) and granular S u p er-V isb estos. As would be expected, the granular form gives h a lf as much dust or l e s s . The other points fo r granular dumps in open a ir at higher dump rates (open squares) bear out that the granular product form g iv es very low-dust le v e ls. The two se ts o f points connected by the dashed arrows compare open and en closed .dumping. Again, as is reasonable, the le v e ls were approximately four tim es as great for the confined areas. Estimate Time-Weighted Averages Figure 6 gives the estimated TWA values fo r the various dumps. As noted p r e v io u sly , th ese were calculated on the b asis o f the observed c e ilin g concentratii during the dump and an assumed background o f 0 .3 fiber over the remainder o f the si The h ig h e st value found was only 0 .7 fib e r with a ll o f the r e s t o f the r e s u lts in the 0 .3 - 0 .4 range. These numbers arc aDproximately B% of the present allow ab le lev el o f 5 fib ers and only 20% o f the 1976 level o f 2 fib e r s. ->7ABS-023808 .ocation Key Texas Panhandle 1 C e n tr a l Oklahoma .Cl 'Jear H ouston V Maar H ouston ' South L ouisiana TABLE I AIRBORNE ASBESTOS OUST CONCENTRATIONS IN DRILLING a m p OPERATIONS LOCATI OH SL rJ C "3 L . t, 'L J C \ --------------------- J . 7 fas SUPER-VISBESTOS PRODUCT C oarse-G round (R egular) G ranular CONDITIONS ? `x2S 1 Mud H ouse. Open door a t b o th 7 'x 2 5 ' Mud H ouse. Open d o o r a t b o th ends ends C oarse-G round (R egular) G ranular Open a i r Light breeze Open aliLlght breeze (H ydrophobic) F in e-G ro u n d (H y d ro p h o b ic) Granular G ranular G ranular T otally enclosed 1 0 'x l l ' Room 1 side open, 8 ` 1 0 ` x l l ' Room T otally enclosed 10 ' jsI 1 ' Room 1 side open, 8 ' Open a i r S light breeze BUMPING Rate 10 53 10 VTtO 0.17 0.17 20 21 20 26 30 35 30 2 0.95 0.77 0 .3 3 1.03 30 29 30 30 n u 1.03 1.00 ,.4 DUST L E V a t1 ) C elllna C oncentration T im e-H eiohted Ave. fTWAVtz> F ib ers/cc.* 3* * of tA\ A llo w ab le'' ' F tb e r s /c c . *3 ) A l*lo owfa b le('S5I' 1.0 10 0 ,4 8 0.5 5 0 .3 G 1.9 19 0 .4 0 0 .4 4 0 .3 5.5 55 0 .7 If 1,3 13 0 .4 8- 1.8 18 0 .4 0.4 4 0,3 u j.j 14 0. 6 0 .3 (3)(D (2)Sampling and dust counting c a r r ie d out In accordance with OSHA Regulation 1910.93a. C alcu lated a t a background exposure of 0.3 ffb e r/c c . fo r a ll tim e except d u rin g a c tu a l W f i b e r s / c c . g re a te r than 5 nvtcometers in le n g th . (S ) A llo w a b le 10 f i b e r s / c c . g r e a t e r than 5 m ic ro m e te rs . 'A llow able = 5 f ib e r s /c c . g r e a te r than 5 m icrom eters. dumpim " One dump p e r 8 -h o u r s h i f t . ABS-028809 ASBESTOS FIBER COUNTS OF AIR30RKS SAMPLES COLLECTED . Q C e n t r a l Oklahoma '-Je ll Lo ca tio n e r r ir r z r z iz z z 3 rr September 27, 1972 COURSE GROUND (REGULAR) AND GRANULAR SUPER-YI5BEST0S corf hOump 20 Sacks Course Ground Super-Visbestos Dump 20 Sacks -- Granular -- -- Super-Visbestos F tb rtJ CC. y S'm ie re s n iftr } u itwu-sav ASBESTOS FIBER COUNTS OF AIRBORNE SAMPLES COLLECTED Q L ocation Septem ber Z5, 1972 Near Houston, ti fr>ir*-rfi Texas FINE GROUND HVDR0PH03IC ASBESTOS (ARCOVIS 953) 3 ABS-028811 ASBESTOS FIBER COUNTS OF AIRBORNE SAHPLES COLLECTED L ocation Near H ouston, Texas ......... - I n . " t Septenfcer 26. 1972 - ' It '* ` * I 11^ Room Closed - GRANULAR SUPER-VISBESTOS -> -|-e- One S id e Open* -*i m e t / /ce. p r mi t r a r ASBESTOS FIBER COUNTS OF AIRBORNE SAMPLES COLLECTED ffTT Te xas Panhandle W e ll L o c a tio n September 28, 1972 COARSE GROUND (REGULAR) AND GRANULAR SUPER-VISBESTOS sflAitABlfc u- - - - - - - - - - - Y- - - - - - 1 :: : :: i r - | : j : .... . . r i ; - ; : .. r .- J ----- 7&h: ' ' ` " P#m p/'np in ? / *S //JtfCS */<St4JC if w / `ext obh ends, j - - | ! . .. ' *' ' . . . s. . t. - ^ rl Dump W SacAs j ' . Pc.>mp /O sachs i -- R egata*-- -> -i " T Irani/ / > r -- . Superi/ti besfo* [ . . S iip e r iO'sbesUs |: . <i . . : .- i ' Fiber*Uc. > f/zr/cromefet A B S -0 2 8 8 1 3 -- -- _ f n d n e a r Hppe> 0/ips.uFe f n # 'I F Q tirc h i _jS@ i : (D r 0 j J c<'N^--y /i iF- / S il ft r , ; / ; no C o n cen tra tio n ( n i * /TM - > W c - ^ t r . AS3EST0S DUST CEILING CONCENTRATIONS DRILLING HOD OPERATIONS COW ... ASBESTOS DOST ESTIMATED TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE CONCENTRATIONS Key To Numbered P o i n t s ; lo c a tio n Near Houston, Texas 1 - F in e Ground; Room T o t a l l y C lo sed 2 - F in e Ground; Door Open 3 - G ran u lar; Room T o t a l l y C lo se d 4 - G ran ular; Door Open Texas Panhandle W ell L ocation 5 - C oarse Ground ' 6 - Granular C e n tr a l Oklahoma W ell L o c a tio n 7 - C oarse Ground 8 - Granular South L ouisian a W ell Location. 9 - Granular 10 " G ranular ^/A lL A B lE COPY Product Bulletin 3/7 SUPER VISBESTOS (C rushed o r New G ranular) W et-refined, c h r y so tile asbestos SPECIAL NOTE ON SAFE USE: An e x t e n s iv e f i e l d stu d y h a s r e v e a le d th a t SUPER VIS BESTOS (b oth g r in d s ) o f f e r s a S t o 1 o r b e t t e r s a f e t y m argin i n com p lyin g w ith OSHA h e a lt h hazard r e g u l a t i o n s . Based on th is stu d y, M ontello b e lie v e s there is no rea sonable exp ectation o f exceeding the legal exposure l i m i t s when u s in g e i t h e r C rushed o r New G ranular SUPER VISBESTOS. C ontact our o f f i c e fo r a com plim entary copy o f t h is de t a i l e d , o n - s it e e v a lu a tio n , t i t l e d "Airborne A sb estos Dust C oncentrations in D r illin g F lu id O perations." HOW PACKAGED: M u lti-w a ll paper sack s - 50 pounds each. FUNCTION: . t . For h o le clea n in g in any aqueous d r illin g flu id . y i e l d w ith and w ith o u t b e n to n ite dr a t t ip u lg i t e . "natural", in exp en sive, lo w -so lid s d r illin g flu id water d r illin g ra tes. B uilds quick Provides a for clear EFFECT * * * * * * * ON DRILLING FLUID PROPERTIES: In creases carrying ca p acity. improves flow p r o p e r tie s. Used 50/50 w ith b e n to n ite , synergism give? 3 to 5 tim es greater y ie ld than dry ground asbestos'. S ta b iliz e s high tem perature g ela tio n o f b en to n ite. S ta b iliz e s s a lt flo c u la tio n o f bentonite. Synergizes w ith a t t ip u lg it e fo r higher y ie ld . C ontrols p rogressive g e ls . ' (S ee Bov/ To Use on o th e r s id e ) ABS-028816 SUPER V IS B E S O S (C o n t'd .) P ro d u c t B u l l e t i n 3/ WHERE USED" D r illin g flu id : A ll aqueous d r illin g flu id s . (S p ecia lly OILBESTOS a v a i l a b l e f o r u s e in o i l b a se f l u i d s . ) Hole in te r v a l: Surface to t o t a l dep th . . treated HW USED.^ 3 i b s . / b b l . a t mud h op p er f o r q u ic k y i e l d and b e t t e r cu ttin g transport. ' To a v o id f i l l - u p d u rin g t r i p s , sweep h o le c le a n w ith 2 t o 5 bags flu sh ed through the hopper. B uilds inexpensive workover or packer flu id . . In low f l u i d l o s s mediums ( g e n e r a lly 20 - 30 c c ) , New G ranular . SUPER VISBESTOS may r e q u ir e a d d i t i o n a l tim e t o y i e l d . p lis h th is by aqueous p r e -y ie ld in g , or bypassing sh ale shaker tem porarily. ADVANTAGES : * U nique, w e t-p r o c e ssin g means le s s sh ear req u ired a t rj.g. * P ro v id es d e sir e d y ie ld w ith h a lf th e poundage o f dry ground 9 B%PopenCf i b e r , compared w ith 50% f o r dry ground p r o d u c ts. H ole cleaned w ith lower annular v e lo c ity , le s s washout, , l e s s f i l l up and l e s s r e d r i l l i n g . (Means red u ced r o ta t i n g h o u r s b i t s u s e d , mud c o s t and d ays on l o c a t i o n .) Twice as e f f e c t i v e and h a lf as b ulk y as dry ground p ro d u cts. (Means 50% l e s s d rayage and 75% l e s s s t o r a g e sp a c e r e - H ot^ affected by contam ination, b a cte ria or tem perature. (Used to over 600F .) * No fo rm a tio n damage, a c id s o l u b l e . Now a v a i l a b l e a t no e x t r a c o s t m New G ran ular form , fo r fr e e -flo w in g , low d u st p rod u ct. ( S t i l l a v a ila b le m tr a d itio n a l Crushed fo rm .) E xten sive a d d ition al inform ation is a v a ila b le on t h e f i e l d a p p lic a t io n o f Crushed and New G ranular SUPER VISBESTOS under w id e ly v a r y in g co n d itio n s. Contact your lo c a l M onte!lo repre- c e n f a t - i v . OT OUr < ? n r i fifTS O f f i c e , r[.*~7s\ \ ^ ABS-028817 r: .vs -x . ' j I