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.-h PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORTS SEPTEMBER - 1935 I - CHROME GRESES Light Past Milori Green, G-7889-D Line (APR)..... II- CHROME YELLOWS & ORANGES Study of Light Chrome Yellows (SCH) ............................ ' Medium Yellows (SCH) .......................................... Medium Yellows Y-299-D, Y-359-D (JDM) .............. .. Primrose Yellow K-7888 (JDM) ............................................ Washing Studies on Chrome Yellows (JDM) ................... Study of Y0-38-D (HCM, SCH) .............................................. Metal Protective Pigments (SCH) ............ ............. .. III- IRON BLUES - Chinese Blue, B-63-D (JK) ..................... . B-63-D - Drying & Moisture Content Studies (JK) B-66-D (JK) ................................................................................... B-140-D (HCM. SCH) ................................................................... 17 - LACQUER MAROONS Lacquer Maroons, RT-259-B and RT-219-B (ADR) .... 7 - PIGMENT RUBINS G Pigment Rubine G (AAB) .............................................. .. Pigment Ruhine Dye RT-359-B (ADR) ..................... .. VI- VAT DYES POR PIGMENTS (AAB) ..................................................... VII- PIGMENT GREEN B Pigment Green B Lake(AAB) ....................................... .. Pigment Green B Pulp GT-68-P (EJH) ..................... .. 71II-PIGMENT-OIL MIXTURES Pigments in Oil (AJS) ............................................................ * (HEB) ............................................................ EC- - PHYSICAL STUDIES Dry Fineness of Pigjaants (BRD) .............. *, Paint Consistencies - Modified Stormer Viscometer X - RUSHER COLORS Rubber Colors (AJS) ................................ ............................... Red Lake for Rubber RL-407-D (ADR) ...i..................... XI - MISC. ORGANIC PIGMENTS a) Para Red - Blue Shade (JVS) ....................................... b) Lithols Calcium Lithol (PLP) .......................................... * Toners RT-379-D & RT-300-D (EJH) Barium Lithol (ADR) ............................................ c) Duols Barium Buol Toner RT-283D & RT-242-B (EJH) . Lt. Calcium Buol Toner, RT-265-D (EJH) .. d) Misc. Toners Lithosol Bordeaux BL, Mn Toner K-7407 (AAB) Alkali Blue (SWR) ................................................... e) Bordo Maroons - Maroon Toner RT-354-B (ADR) ... Pa 3-4 5-6 7-10 11-13 14-17 18-21 22 23A 23-24 25 26-28 29 30-31 32-33 34-39 --- 40-43 44-46 47-51 52-54 55-58 59-62 63-64 65 66-68 69-71 72-73 74 75-78 79-80 81-82 83 84-86 DUP050316121 "w:;- ^cr XI - MZSC. 0RG4|j& PIGMBKTS (cost.) f) Use ff^SOdiua Coltatbate asd Sodium Tantalate ^in Pffife J>iginents (SGK) ................................................ Pigment Searlet S3 Lake. RL-311-D (AFCP) ... h.) Mi sc. Lakea Miscellaneous Lakes & zonera (AS) Flak Lake BP-7f71-B ^ i) Study of Dry Dispersed Lakes of Dispersed FTA PI, XZI- RAW MATERIAL XBSFZRB - August, liileaiEter (ASCP) XZII - SEMI-WORKS 1SQ0OCTZOS (HA) '`Tap?:'? 90-93 94-95 96-97 8S&-9 88C 9$rl00 101-107 ^ .v:* f ' :... > x DUP050316122 PTGMBWT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT LIGHT FAST MILOBI GREEN.- G- 7889B LIKE SUBMITTED BY: <&6e>rU]. APPROVES BY: T" FILS: CIIROME Cin'ESHS"1 DATE; SEPTEMBER 19B 5, IHTRO DUCTION Production of all shades of this line was darrled on in the plant to obtain material for standardization. Mixes of the desired depths are in progress and when tested will be set up as standards for the linau SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Ho variation was made in the formula which was the one employing copper hydroxide discussed in late reports. Results were sprite consistent although some variation oeeurred in yellow controls* Bateh size was doubled in the case of the two lightest shades without harmful effect. This hatch size (4 mol FbO) is the largest % ' possible due to the high strike volume* The standards were made up to equal the &*389-592D series in depth of masstone* Their relation to that line is sb^own below* S&ade K-# _____________________ . . Code * Equiv. Lot Wt. __________To,______________________ Mix XL 7889 G*4Q9D G-389-D 15471 L 7890 G-410-D G-390-D 15461 M 7998* G-411- G-391> 15440 D 7891 0-412*^ 15451 * replaces K-7764 EXPERIMENT AL ; DETAILS IT' #437 pages 153 to 179. 8461 lbs* 8280 * 2171 v 8019 " m ; All batches were made as in the E formulas. Gradings are versus tentative standard of the desired depth which were made up from individual batches* .1 mc / DUP050316123 K-# 7889 tl 7890 ft 7764 7891 BatcH. f 45160 45260 45239 . 45283 45183 45078 mi ffUXff 4 2 4 2 2 2 Grading T.s.light blue-* lean dark & blue sclean v.s.bl. 0K. clean s.str, blue V V * S It & el v.s.wk. So. yell. 7#S*It* s.yell. y.s.biue v.s.yell. O.E. s.yell. dark, blue blue v.s.str. blue f ' r;': j / DUP050316124 PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT STUDY OF LIGHT CHROME YELLOWS SUBMITTED BY: J.C, APPROYEE BY: b il e : orrooME*y e l l o w s BATE: SEPTEMBER 1935* INTRODUCTION A study of the use of titanyl sulphate and zirconium sulphate in Chrome Yellows was continued during the past months It appears probable that titanyl sulphate will ha a desirable substitute for alum in chrome yellows and a detailed study of this material will be made when a satisfactory source of supply is located* SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION A brief study of the effect of replacing alum with titanyl sulphate in K*79Q3, a laboratory Y-3B0D process, and in K-7975 has been made* Replacement appears possible without change in K-7903 while in the laboratory Y18Q-D process slight difficulties may be encountered and some changes may be necessary* In a Primrose Yellow, a satisfactory substitution has not been made although promising results were obtained with zirconium sulphate* It seems possible that titanyl sulphate is not as strong a restraining agent as alum aad with the lighter yellows a more, stable process' may be necessary before a satisfactory substitution can be made* ISgPgR IMENTAL DETAILS ,, Notebook $481* 481*8 * To study the use of titanyl sulphate., in a Y-180-D formula* 1-- All the members of this series were very slightly redder than the standard Y-180*Bj all were better in light fastness* A slight increase in Titanyl sulphate gave a slight decrease in strength* ip" ' -`#T " ` `481*11 * Continuation of 481-SB; study higher pre cipitant balance, an# treatment before washing* Increasing the precipitant balance resulted in a very slightly greener but dirty product* Treating with titanyl sulphate before washing had little or no effect on the tinctorial properties* DUP050316125 Y18Q*D 48i13 * preparation of a 1 serge sample of improved Checfc results were stained within the series; but the series as a whole was clean, green and strong with, good light fastness versus standard Y-180-B* Titanyl sulphate oan be used for alum but some changes may be necessary. 481*9 - Study the use of titanyl sulphate for alum in E-7903; also study effect of varying the pH* In this experiment the use of titanyl sulphate gave a product considerably cleaner, redder and stronger than Y-3Q9-D, and also better in light fastness. It was found-that atpH of 6,0 appears to give the best resulits. 481*12 - preparation of a large sample of improved Y-309-B (K-7903). The pignents obtained in this series were clean, strong and good in light fastness versus standard Y-309*D. 481*13 Study the use of titanyl sulphate and Zirconium sulphate to replace alum in K-7975. < I In substituting titanyl sulphate for alum a red and dirty pigment poor in light fastness was obtained. Zirconium sulphate used for alum gave a very slightly red pigment very slightly worse in light fastness versus K7975* Hone of the members of this series gave any promising results* DUP050316126 PIGMEBT GQLOB RBSEARGH REPORT ^ SUBMITTED BY: Jhf. APPROVED BY: -----S--T-U---D--Y---O--F----M--E--D--I-U--M----Y--E--L-L--O--W---S---- A// / FILE: MGiriUM YELLOW DATE: SEPTEMBER 19S6. IBTRODUCTIOH A few experiments on the effeet of elevated temperature on a sample of Y-359-^ were carried out during the last month based on the idea that oeeluded lead nitrate as the possible cause of light sensitivity might be removed by decomposition through heating. Several orientation experiments on the preparation of a medium yellow Jly an alkaline type process were made. A small amount of additional work is planned for the next'month* * SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Samples of Y-359-D were heated in the llthopone furnace to various temperatures and held for various periods. Up to temperatures of about S?5C the pigment is altered only slightly in tinctorial ! properties. The masstone becomes slightly green and dirty and the light fastness is unaltered. Eeating for 24 hours at 200C has a f similar effect. At about 350C the pigment becomes red and weak and possibly slightly improved in li$Jt fastness. If the poor light fastness of a pigment is caused by the presence of occluded lead nitrate the temperatures used were apparently not sufficient to cause its removal* It was found in a study of Y038**D that if the aeetic acid in the lead liouor wps increased and acetic acid was added to the bichromate licuor that a medium Yellow was obtained which could'not be developed even when the additional acetic acid was compensate^ for by the addition of bicarbonate. * This product although prepared in an alkaline medium in the presence of the acetate group possessed very good 1ightfastn#sgi It is, however, dirty ifi masstone and very weak. It was found that the strength could be increased considerably by increasing the amount of bichromate used* These products, however, were.very flat and changeable unl^is: hydrate was'precipitated in . the color at the end of the strike. gp|e further work seems desirable to evaluate the process more completely ( \' DUP050316127 ypf: 'notebook 486 and 452* 484*1 - Study of light haste lead chromate - increase the acetic acid in the lead liquor; also replace the acetic acid in the bichromate with sulphuric acid* lie improvement over 431-79B was obtained from increasing the acetic acid in the lead liquor and replacing the acetic acid in the bichromate with sulphuric acid* 486*6 * Continue study on 4861B * studying the use of Birconium salgutate and replace the bicarbonate with soda ash* The addition of bicarbonate and alum after the strike gave a clean bright product accompanied by a decrease in strength* The use of Zirconium sulphate gave a clean red pigment, but was very weak, Using Soda Ash for biearbonate resulted in a very orange red nasstone, very red and weak undertone* i 486*11 - Continue 486-1 experiment using an inerease in bichromate to increase the strength; also study use of aeetie acid and sulphuric acid in the strike* * Here again the entire series was oensiderably weaker than T*359*D and no narked Improvement in masstoae was observed* j* Study effeet of heating Y*359*Bto various temperatures in iopeao muffin* i :' A`*3 DUP050316128 : ^ Vr V PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT MEDIUM YELLOWS SUBMITTED BYYj APPROVED BY /) /~SY-299~D M- cjJLul<seiott) Y-359-D <as/ / FILE: SHBOMS YELLOWS DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. INTRODUCTION The Semi-works study on thta development of a lead nitrate formula for Y-299-D was continued during the month. Some work was done on Y-359-^ also, the procedure with this color being practically identical with that for Y-299-^* The development section eontinued its supervision of plant manufacture of Y,35&B,, Portions of thJBir'batches struck during the month were press washed* SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Night ialf-mol batches of TE*359^ and Y-299-^* were struck in the semi-works during the month*. Four of these were made $ on the control formula, that is, running lead nitrate liquor into ^dilute sodium chromate* Tge first two of these patches were very similar, being on the light green side of Y-359-D in masstone wife. slightly strong and green tints* Light fastness was equal to standard*; The next two control batches were slightly green and dirty against Y-359-D with slightly strong and green tints* Light fastness in these cases was also equsl to standard* One batch made with sulphuric acid added after the strike was slightly light and c-lean against Y-359-B with a v s clean tint and v- s better stability to light. The substitution of alum for the sulfuric acid gave a strong and v 3 green tint with v v a worse light fastnes. The control batch made wife fee same lead nitrate liquor as this one was also slightly green and dirty* The addition of a small. amount ot caustic soda 12" /mol} resulted in a slightly green and v y s dirty masstone with a slightly strong green tint. Light stability was equal to Y-359-B* TOO addition of caustic after strike to a pH of 8*4 gave a product .that was dark and red against Y-299-D wife a slightly dark, red tia||"1f>--.. Additional work is being done on these two colors in the semi-works in order to make results more duplicable* Eight batches of Y-359-D were made in the plant, three of which were split and a portion press washed, the remainder being vat wqshed as control* Light fastness on the whole run very slightly better than standard. One batch struck with no acid at all was v s red and clean with a slightly red tint. These batches were struck with a small amount {& in 5 mol) of muriatic acid in the chromate. Two of these were green and dirty in masstone with satisfactory strength and a slightly dirty tint* Thl, third batch, a portion of which was DUP050316129 pm&s washed, was v v s light and slesji and slightly strong* The pre4sw washed portion was similar, being- v v s light in masstone* die' batch struck with a larger amount of muriatic a<Sid (15# in 5 mols) was slightly fed In masstone with a slightly strong and green tint. The press washed part of this hatch was slightly dark and green in masstone, but otherwise similar* wee batches were made with sulfuric acid (5# per mol) added after strike. One of them which was split, was v s green and dirty with a strong, slightly green tint. The presswashed portion was light and slightly clean in masstone but otherwise similar. Our batch was v s red in masstone with a slightly strong and v s green tint. One batch due to a mistake in manipulation finished with aet&her a chromate nor a lead excess according to routine tests. Additional chromate, and the sulfuric acid were added, the batch, however, being green and dirty in masstone and tint. The development section will continue its superivision of this color. 'k i t. r \ DUP050316130 fit i 9 a * p 0 01 p *4 4* ft E*t i* w . *4 *d & p; 4 * CO m <3 .JM n p Hp (tf 3 m a1 CO 0 !> * rt Ci5 O * 03 CO t5 4 to -* 0 CO o & 4} * :P M rt * O CQ rt C*5 o tg <g 0 PP rt rt o CO CO T-i cd 2, 3 a* o' t m ft O & 0 to *- > 0 t= 44 H OP eSco ft > 0 0 ft 0- CO * 0 . ft p ft SO ft P * p <ra 0 'CO W 0 M Pt 0 ra M o ft 0 0 01 * i> 0 ft P. 0 0 to a ML o ft o 0! rt o b8 ft p es >4 g *w p *4 s> -ft O ** to 0 ft ft a <3 0 ft 0 0 to a ft P a o <X) tts 0 no K 0 A4 - ft c 0 0 0 t> 0 h H > P bg as * rH ft Pn C 00 mto rt C3 3d o* o4 N 0 0* U >0 C5 0 -* ra 0 ft P0 0 ft 0p 00 05 ft W ft 0 ft H tS 0 0 0 f* 0 0 0 0 >> P ft *r"i o 0 ft 0 0 0 o ft ft e # *d + 03 <> 03 ' P d to to I fn o o to to rt M W CC O X! 3 c e: co (-t o J4 a to xt oo t> CD rt dt 0 o> 1* 3 1 IO CP cn o O* o> a> o to in a> to CP to 0 0 L1 to ca to M W to at J* 3 JJ J 3 r* h H H {H > nO o > o ft <a a> p p P to d to 3 M 3 O 43 *H X= ft p ft rt tt) tu W P K> P tO f-t X> Pt o o Vi o j as Is 43 3O & QD to N CO W CV! Oi o C- ft tN o OP t }o CO CO P <H CO rt e- CS t- to V. 0 P O rt a ma iO 43 to 46 43 O 46 Ji p M _ 14 3 o O 03 a o 3 9 43 XJ XJ XJ o oo oa to w to t> H rt ^r-t i4 VX X. o o> CP CP 0 rH ^art CP o <J> 0 to t !>t az O V) tf . 43 O to w X o xi o CO CQ M o> 0 rt4^ o 00 O P r-t J03 & CM Q CO to to tf) m W C~ O IS t> > fc* IS te- ' " 0 CQ 0 *x'i `w -;*# DUP050316131 ; & ' 4 ft w4 &O Po rt t<< F<Dt oO i-3 PQ 434 4 4<o* ,(Q37 P iQhi CO 4? <40 > *rt CEj 1-3 fe 4faH* >4 *0cf f6-tf0t f<* <ca &C CO * +P3i ft 4 w CfOt ca : o CO . ft` : ft rt 9 o fc> Ho uw Jj * M*~* 1. V* 0 Ft-tH if "**-sSa <3 % uft ta *o Pi >' o to otO 4 be! <9 +3 0 JO GO >4 *> 4 u O9 02 Pu 034 ca 4 w4 o 4 4 d CO ns H O 4 03 f0f3l-rtOH } KigtHfoap1 *4aorH* fLl rH OFt t1il 3s IIt1--DDo1 IIDD tHo OCh ^*0d5) LlHO> fu W lO cc til o OftCOH3l HCOI H03< & 03 O CaO: CO fe? fc PH -0p3 G0O3 O A CO o> o 03 w o ft t-uH ft f<5ftSt ePls d*2*s CO cpfa-l Wft to fhti Pi ft ->H 0f3t & f* * PPhii o-4HP4*i ** O CHO 0O ft C013- eCfStSs-fFPfit *iMFHt reBffltHP o5 co oto <s rH 03 Oi 03 ^iH 03 M4 fe4 oo o4 pP 0 a to4 ftO to4 l> 4 w 4 oO 4 t*oP 4 CPO4 CQ CO 44 w* & oo 4 HC <3 4* " H P4 H to b- > >> o 00i30 ftaH orHi sa'feis to H -0431 o +> O a* 0d ^02 0 to & (A CV2 0 to a0 'H O to ,rH jH X o 0 ' 0 4 M W W4 Oo D O Ft 4 +3 4 ft Pt Ft 0 P ftO 0 4 0 .o 4 ft Pi O Pi re Ft Pi to O s> 4 ft & c > <& *H ft <p *o 4 Ft 4 w 4 tg ojj ft ft *> ttD OHh m 4 <oy 0> 0 ft to Us?; **::U to r%- 4 *4 > u u m 4 ft CO CO f* d H4 4 p * fi 4 >0 44 4 P P4 W o o to +4 to 0o le - u* fe0 rl 4 > ft Ft * rt ft Q t-i tH O 0 0 ^ ^*s 43 44 Pi O r-f * X Ft H c8 Pi ft -n O >0 34 U a * O 34 p Ph P d Pi C- 1 iF*m JS W cd in m tD rH CC CO o CD c M-rt t f*+ o - !3 ftCj u> E V< O rH *0 03 0 -1O-t ft 03 ra p o Ft 03 t, O tji Pt Ditii 03 CO O GO Ft O 03 tH H li zr-=ttoS I--f tii 03 00 o> H r4 _rH \ X* a> at Ot e H <a Ft Pi tii PO P ft Ft Pp * t-H P0 60 > l P0 rH Ft ' Vi . ft rH > * O Pi p Vt M C- CSS -rl 03 Ft * =&p is ID 03 rH tjl 03 CO 03 a P P O P Pi * a rt O pu F3 o o * ;d 0 t- c +3 CO H cti tii ti< tii <o rtHo too> H lO lO t- CC H* 03 ey es 0 03 SVJ . Hi ft 4 4 '4 4 tj* t* DUP050316132 5v 3o? Picaam cmM Re s e a r c h r e p o r t SUBMITTED BY: ' APPROVED BY; <wO E-7888 *------------------ A//t f FILE: OimOMB YELLOffSDATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. INTRODUCTION: Wort was continued on thiw color in the semi-works, changes being made both in formulation and mechanical treatment to improve its stability* SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. Three batches of the yellow were struck during the month. In eaclb. easer the major portion of the batch was dried in the plant dryers, the first one in the regular yellow dryers, and the other two in the Proctor and Sahwartz dryers* A small portion of each batch was drfted in the semi-works Protor and Schwartz dryer* In each case t&ds material dried in the semi-works was distinctly superior in light stability to the plant dried color* It appears that the rapidity of drying is the important factor in producing material of good light fastness on this formulation* In the semi-works the press cake is dry ' in about twelve hours whereas in the plant the time required is from thirty to thirty-six hours. $ In the first batch struck the amount of sodinm bichromate was reduced five percent, the sodium sulfate in the strike being increased a like amount. Against the tentative standard K-7888, .this batch was very very slightly red in masstone and slightly strong ." in tint with worse stability to light.. The semi-works dried portion \ was very very slightly clean against K-7888 with very slightly increased ^ strength and slightly inferior light fastness. The next two batches were struck wit1* an additional five percent cut in bichromate and increase in sulfate* The masstone in this case was green and on extension was of eqUal strength and very slightly green as compared to K-788B with worse light^tability. Thef semi-works oven in this case became overheated due to a faulty control valve causing the press cake to dry very quickly and to toast somewhat*. It was slightly green and dirty against the standard with, however, equal light stability^ The last batch was very very slightly dirty in masstone as coiprasted to the traqe* of greenness in that of the semi works dried matp^ial* Tints in each ease were of equal strength and very very sligh%ly green against K-7888 with slightly worse light fastness* In every case the color was greener 'and lighter than Y-305-D and the lightfastness showed a marked improvement* A previous batch (SW-7209) was tested on the ink mill during the month against a labroatory sample, K-7975, Y-305-D standard and a sample of Imperials Primrose. The semi-works material was very close to the laboratory yellow, being very very slightly red and weak* Against Y-305-D they were green clean and strong with distinctly better light fastness. Mixing was faster and the inks were softer than standard* Lithographic resistances was good. Compared with the competitive sample (C-39732) they were red and clean in masstone, green in tint and strong, witli very slightly better light fastness. However, DUP050316133 2i our yellows were__.worse than C-34733 la resistance to livering; study of this is therefore being taken up in the laboratory0 I \ - .V- -i 5 /. DUP050316134 * * >5 P 43 M to 43 <PPi Eh * 4P3i to * 09 PO & fed o p 43 IQ M9 at op fee 03 M 4O3 (4 4(9 l> * P ad. ---id *> l o a o P * * > 5 A> * rH O m * >9 > 03 o - fefl t* ' M o. 0 -9 o * c H 2cr* rH O* CO* t fc. 9 (4 pw.* * i*- > w 9 o to p p p d <g 0 P tsD 9 ta 0CO *o o * ' ** CO * t * Fh h H> 6*0 02# CVO >* > > *> W E4 Oo ,, M-.' o m 9 o to P P* p n3 pS 9 m at * 9 >> 9 P> cf -P GO O rl P rH a s f-4 O P*4 P CL Q CO at ffl CO CO CO CD m 02 CO eg CD CO CO CO CD S to to to to to to 1 t 1 1 1* W fed fed fed fed fed 'sS. ID V*. p c-in o 43 02 si* PO won ID 02 W 02 t> S P 1 Se ffl <D n m ra ra ,14 O h (4 fs e O "O P P _ to MP o* ft O to m 02 ca as IS * < u& Pita f4 ci e & O 03 Pi Pi <H rH H iH p O, 43 02 Pi 02 tD 02 02 to t5 t fes to m O P< 43 <tj *3 Jt! P oo M 0 p 02 to to Pip Pi&: < 03 PS a t<o4 PiO P <P CO o o> 02 to } co 43 s o P 03 P-i M Pi O& 03 ra M {3 P P Di OT at E3 N pi to Pi i to &P PCQ *B ID to \ a> oa \ 00 in m '''to* 05 W >>to* CO ID in 's^ a> ID ID to \ o ID to \ o p \ cn ID CD ,*sNii o rH \ 05 x: 1 po ^ CQ cq o to 02 to o CO w t- a to 05 xc CO / . ? fife. 02 <4* j|? ' ? S * DUP0503161 35 1 ' V PI&lBKT CQLCmr iBBifiga REPORT REMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: WASEIEG STUDIES ON CHROME YKT.T.nws FILE: qppn|p YETTlflWgf-- DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935, / INTROEIUOTIQE' Press washing studies were conducted on two colors during this month, Y-18Q-D and Y-359-D being the ones so treated. i! ( Rapid vat washing was tried on Y-358-D to determine its effect on this color, < SUMMARY AMD COHCLPaiONS, Three batches each of Y-180-D and Y-359-D were press washed, pile-third to one mol of each being retained as a vat washed control. The colors were washed thirty minutes except in the ease of on* Y-359-D which was washed twenty minutes. The first Y-180-D was dirty in masstone and green in tint. This vat washed control had slightly worse light stability than IMSO-D while that of the press washed portion# was worse. The $ masstone of this latter was green and dirty. The results of both of these portions in ink tests were poor as compared to Y180D standard. In the next two batches a change in formulation was made, * the soda ash being increased and the bichromate and sodium sulfate in the strike reduced. The first batch on the new formula was green >' and dirty in masstone and green in tint, with slightly worse light stability. Press washing seemed to have little effect other than decreasing the strength slightly as was the case in the other batches* ~ The vat washed control of the last batch, a. check on the above, was 4- dirty in masstone and very slightly strong and green in tint. The press washed portion wa very slightly green in masstone and very f slightly light, clean and red in tint with v,v*s. better light fastness*; j me two portions of thif: first batch *0T~Y>359-D, ' v'~ ' struck with fiftee pounds f muriatic acid in the chromate, were practically identical except for masstone. That of the control was slightly red while that of the press washed portion was slightly green and darter- The tint3 were slightly strong and green. Light fastness for batches was- Very slightly better than standard. In the seeond^fliteh the muriatic a(fid was reduced to six pounds* The masstone of control was very very slightly light and clean* that of the press washed part being, very very slightly clean. The tints were slightly strong* The last batch was struck with no muriatic acid in the chromate but with twenty-five pounds of sulfuric acid added after strike. The masstone of control was'very slightly green and dirty while that of the press washed portion was light and slightly clean* The tints were strong and slightly green. Lithographic resistance was satisfactory in all cases. Qn one batch of Y-358-B the wash waters were drawn at one hour intervals instead of three hour. This batch was very very slightly green and dirty in masstone and very very slightly green in tint against Y-309-D standard with equal light-fastness, A batch was dirty in masstone and very slightly red in tint DUP050316136 4g<* with very alighfly worse light stability. The rapid washed batch on ink test was? a little worse in lithographic resistance* f i. > ;'fc. - 3* DUP050316137 o-i \ -if?-- p^t o <8 * x p is a0' M * o *+ C.p Or(a0PjtspO pPffqi 4ha4 ta +a'.OM h -frrttfco CO p * MM w m p * Oo * *<*pp0p3 p.(Q p > P C0 P r* Pi> P }spfpfi qp>pqt>* mffit3*-m M *. m 05 m* p Mp o p p top Mp to pp MW p# o p p* M fe to pCOP CM W*p,,P* PP >CppO -Pi9Pf; u 9 m fo-t px> > M 03 pp *^ 3M to na a ou& to .6^: S# <$ S: -3?' eft 3> p ffi O- to to M Ojw -ffi rH rfHfi CO l> ffi e*g Mp M P IO OH pp rasiHl po p (a M Pp 0* M o ca * #t1' PM *1 St P%. 68 t>. Pu . 03 lit 1 M I M op !** is p p M05 ft p 0o a Tp*J 03 Co,tO> pH tt-rOfo-fti H 03 ato ru-3t CO lO .9'ffi pXnHJ H . M |B s9c &ffi ifPfi to -H3 a CM O Pi to pm p w M O p M M* p 03 *O M H t4 CO egP8p CO p i-*5 <3 {> 9 **4*0 4& )> -P* CO' M t> H COM P HP eg 0IQ> tHo to Oto Oto tiOrH.l Oto 03 lO CO ffi to to 03 ffi 1 -Pit * 031 ffi * CO pHr-lP-li--tpHPfHiH X Xtoi &ta t* m * n -a3rt P pup 03 p Pi(O4 p M p. P M p o h 14 tH C0*3 t>^g ** MM o p fH ap 60 r-t (0*0 * + 9>p I o COp tg * r-t s GO -ttOo<CHOocioQt<*wotaO>tCotOorCC-tOio-teooH*^ I 9 J ft J ^ 1 tt * . J5 X * )e Be t3ai-i p a JM !- Oiw asI Wp p ft p *fH CO * teg to p HO P 60 > PtMH*jO6P*h . WJ? JM* HMI a co . o a OCO O<0 2 HI s jXa o03 3rt S'S ^ p ffi COM pp 03 O o p p MSM J CpO <4 pO > M P!C5* MCQ H P at> go 3$ a ffi * 3f:fi ffi -h ffi & p - MO t> A03 w o Ol S O >> 4& ca P *r4 t> > eg o> ! . # pte aM pM to I*- 54rf5 H P *PH & 3o H 03 Wffi IrOi tCoO it--oI P--I 010 g ffi aH I 03 "h Pm 'eH p xs sept "a5 ori o> 0Pt5i t> to fLtofi. a> itt-ool ffi p P3 cto- rH 8 t* Mte Mo to O} 3 \rto-l o ttMoo CffOi Tt--oH o ees-i tfofi >3 p <3 X3 a) itso *C2 r-t U53 bH - 54 fPt x sa r-t o ocaa tpoaf fH PtfHfi H0514 ca n CD fMfi I-4O > A 5o4 Xo) co o> toeHtdo-* m # 3H^tO O CXJh JC P H M ffi 335 coOca CwD OMffiljfffii H ffi IOJ3 eC M ffi 5O4 ffi f(hfi X M>8 tO rH . SrH3 OP esa--,j tGcoa ttcOoa ** 9 cccnaa -4* 5o4 X! O jHa Ho o> cn o -t 03 03 to ffi -ffi ffi 3o l M A 54 O X o ' si tM "IO a Tp 359 -*3D T^S585> vttfr-ijjs?; DUP050316138 t ^ -vs? .M i >tOH H C US," Wiwn U5 ?-*&",, DUP050316139 *?// PIGMEHT COLOR: RBSEARCB REPORT STUDY OF Y0-3B-P SUBMITTED BY: //?&. ^^k^lAA^a ^*^ILE: CHROME"' OR AITOE"* APPROVED BY: / DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. INTRODUCTION A study of the IO-58-D process was resumed during the past mouth. Some additional inforation has been obtained but eonsiderably mors work Is necessary. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The YO-30-D studies during the past month have consisted ehiefly of a review of pent work. Brighter products are apparently obtained by ageing the white lead base. Brighter products also appear to be obtained by aiding acetic acid to the bichromate or lead liquor. It is essential to obtain complete development of the color but development in the oven while drying does not appear to give products inferior to thoee obtained by complete development before drying. The strike temperature of both the base and the color influences the depth but seems to have little effect on the brightness. :t j \ A number of strikes have bees made on other variables 4 but the information obtained is of doubtful value since the effects noted were less than the experimental error. Experiments were run on the effeot of adding biehrboaate dry, in paste form, and Ih solution but 1 the effect an brightness is not definitely knows. Dilution Of |hf lead liquor or bichromate seems to give a lighter product, fhar ' J addition of acetic acid or soda ash before development had little effect* Beating a 10-38-D slurry in a sealed tube seemed to give a slight lnoreuse in brightness* Beating dry 10-38-D with aoetsmide had no f effeet, the basis for this experiment being the idea that a slight | solubility of the pigment might be found.whleh would reduce- seme ff re-crystallization* ' - A lumber of trikes were run on the YD-260-D process in ^ an attempt to obtain matinini Of the 10-38-D depth. As the depth increased the j|||gmt* bebamd more dull and changeable, work oh the TO-260-D t|^7;prco-eos was therefore' discontinued. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS Notebook #421 and 486. 421-89 - Study the effeet of using high and low quantities of bicarbonate on the Y0-38-D procedure. A large decrease in bicarbonate gave a light product. A out of biohromqte frOm 70# to 66# per mol resulted in a much lighter product. No improvement in brightness was obtained. DUP050316140 421-91 - Study ;&he use of chromic acid after the strike; also heating the slurry in a Sealed tube; and decrease in bicarbonate* The use of chromic acid after the strike has little or no effect on the tinctorial properties of the pigment. Lowering the bicarbonate produced a lighter masstone. Heating the slurry in a sealed tube seemed to increase slightly the brightness of the pigment* 486-92 - Study reverse,strike in preparation of a bright chrome orange ~ (section 92 B) Study heating dry Y0-38-D with acetamid. None of the reverse strike showed any promise towards producing a brighter, pigment* Heating dry YD-38-D with aSetamide had no effect* * 421-95 - To develop a more staple Y0-38-D formula using the Y0-260-D method as the basic procedure* Study variation in alkalinity and temperature of development* No promising lead was obtained from the variations studied in this series* 421-95 - Study the affect of omitting the acetic acid after the strike; 3tudy direct strike method (adding chromate to the lead liquor)* 1 All the pigments were very bight in masstone and showed no marked improvement in brightness* 421-96__- Increase the chromate on the 95C procedure and develop at SIS0? after acidifying with acetic acid* \ / The entire series was very light in masstone, but developing at a boil gave a product slightly brighter than the control (developed at a boil without the addition of acetic acid after the strike* 486-2 - Study the effeot of increasing the volume of the chrome and lead solutions; also, replace all of the bichromate with chromate, using 421-96A agt&the control procedure, 'fiBicreasing the volumes of both the chromate and lead liquor resulteaTih very dull and light pigments* An increase in depth was obtained by replacing the bichromate with chromate; this was accompanied by an increase in dullness and dirtiness* 486--4 - Study further the effect of increasing the acetic acid in the lead liquor* Increasing the amount of acetic acid in the lead liquor increased the lightness of the teasstone without improving the brightness of the pigment* 4Q6-S - Study the effect of increasing the alkalinity of the strikesolution* v. 4" DUP050316141 Ko improvement was obtained by using bicarbonate in and after the strike. The higher the bicarbonate the lighter the pigment. The entire series was somewhat light and dull versus standard YO-34*11* 486-7 - Study the effect of adding varying amounts of acid after the strike - using the Y0-38-B formula; also study method for adding the bicarbonate* No great improvement was obtained by varying the acid balance of the strike* Adding the bicarbonate in paste form appears to show a slight improvement in brightness; this, will be checked* 486-8 - Study the effect of diluting the base before striking; also study using acetic acid ini the bichromate solution* No marked improvement was obtained by diluting the base before striking* The addition of acetic acid to the strike solution resulted in a lighter pigment than the control* 486-9 - Study the development of the carbonate base before striking* A marked improvement was obtained by developing the carbonate base* However, the pigments of this series were somewhat dull versus Y0-38-E standard* ? 486-10 * Study the addition of dry bicarbonate; also reverse striking of the base; continue using the Y0-38-D process* The addition of dry bicarbonate to the lead liquor resulted in a very dark and weak pigment; striking the lead liquor into a bicarbonate paste gave a decided improvement in depth, but resulted in a very weak product* 486-13 - Study temperature at whieh base is struck, and time of heating to a boil before development* 0 B made hy preparing the base at 150 F appears to be very promising, being lose to YQ-38-B, bat very slightly dull. Rapidly or slowly heating the pigment to a boil has little or no effect on the t^E^r* 486.-15 -Continue the study of variation in temperature of preparing the base; also increase the bichromate. Preparing the base at 150F gave lighter pigments than preparing the base at 110F* Increasing the bichromate from 72.3# per mol to 75 resulted in a slightly lighter pigment* No improvement in brightness was obtained in this series* 486-16 - Study'increasing rate of agitation and boil very violently for 'k few minutes; also opit acetic acid in the bichromate. Increase rate of agitation and boiling very violently produced,greater depth than ending the development when the COg has been be$jtiR! off, emitting the acetic- acid in the bichromate in this resulted in a lighter masstone - no improvement in brightness U- '."fy. \t DUP050316142 1' o lw 486-17 - Study dilute strike solution, and an increase in bichromate. In this experiment a more dilute strike volume and using 70 grams of bichromate did not appear to have any appreciable effect, but preparing the base at 100F instead of 185QF resulted in a light pigment; this is contrary to previous results* 486-18 - Study effect of strike temperature on the brightness; also the effect of decreasing tfire bichromate* It appears that increasing the strike temperature Increases the deptfcybut has no effect on the brightness. A reduction in bichromate gave a darker pigment* I | DUP050316143 3/>~ FIGMENT COLOR .RESEARCTf. REPORT METAL PROTECTIVE PTfl-MPlOTB SUBMITTED BY} APPROVED BY: f u l e : GTrnnw orcuTTiTn DATS: SEPTEMBER 19 35 INTRODUCTION Several strikes were Blade during the past month for the purpose of preparing Flake Calcium Chromate, a sample of basic lead chloride was prepared for use in outdoor exposure tests at the Experimental Station. SUMMARY ASP CONCLUSIONS One ten. pound sample of basic lead chloride was prepared by a method previously described. Two series were run for the purpose of preparing a flake Calcium. Chromate* Adding a mixture of sodium chromate and caustic to calcium chloride and diluting with a little cold water before filtering gives some indication of flake formation. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS f 421-90 Notebooks 421 and 436* / Preparation of ten pounds of basic lead chloride for Dr, Sloan, Experimental Station* /* ' Samples were sent to the Experimental Station to be tested as metal protective pigments* 486--3 ----------- ,y ^ To prepare a Calcium Chromate for use as a metal protective pigment (continuation of 421-75-B), studying the effect^!of adding tale aftfifr-tha strike, . v^- addition atf talc after the strike aided in producing both a weak and dirtt1yTT Wpingrtmiwtaewn4t*.* ThAe AsAen*rAiaeAs mwTmans nwTne-ali*k *v*me*rmsu. -s- d4O2t1_-f)7C5-a 1 486-15 To prepare a flake pigment studying the effect of diluting with cold water after the strike (color is struck at a boil), The addition of a small volume of cold water {about 60F) gave some indications of flake formation. \ DUP0503161 44 j~~ 3/5* ' ^3^ GHIMESE BLm. B-63-P SUBMITTED BY: /* APPROVES BT: A./3 FILS; mow BLUBS DATE* SEPTEMBER * 1985* INTRODUCTION four batebea of this color were, made la the semiworks because of the occurrence of weak red tints, red masstones In lacquer and red masstones in Dulux In plant production* SUMMARY ABB CONCLUSIONS All batches were made In 0*4 mol size (ISO lbs*) according to standard formula* Operation varied slightly from standard on two of these batches; on SW-Y272 by a small error in the amount of aeld and dm SW-7286 .by aA%realMm in agitation. All batehes sere dried 48 hours at 140 - $4!PF in the semi-works#. Frees dryer* All batches showed red masstones in Dnlux, apparently due to low moisture content; the Dulux result* appeared to be independent of tints* Another semi-works batch .of B*63-D, SW-6550 =* made In December 1994 and tented at the- same dins as the above, was 0*E* in Dulux although red, brown and. bronzy in lacquer* T&l# fcateh bad prswlously tested. 0*K* in ffdout and lafU4&, the change apparently being due tflf tbe absorption of moisture* BIMEKTAL BgfAllAj. . dee notebook #428* pp* 70-78* Bated Results nay be tabulated an follower ** - I SW-72T8 89--7877 89-7808 39-7888 . dark, bitti3hbast; t##%fed5 strong, T.s.weak, s*red* 4.dark; v*srd|;i s*.atron* T*a*greem clean. dark* 'dwPMw' 4nMpMe s.dtrong; clean w*s*cream* S.dark; T.wvs^edf'oiean.';-*.strong:; T.e.red* Bated Lacquor test BUlUZ fiat Notes 39-7878 39-7877 89--7888 S9-7'88 deep * black MMp :lSfk s*#s*to- * blfe deep-1 black acid error agitation breakdown* m 5i^`. DUP050316145 PIGMENT COLOR BESSARCH REPORT B-63-B ' DRYING AND MOISTURE CONTENT 3TOBIES SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: INTRODUCTION . FILE: -IRON BLU3G- 3"/^' DATE: SEPTEMBER 123 5. .Studies are in progress in the semi-works and laboratory in an effort to establish the connection between drying conditions, water Content, and redness of masstone in laaquer and Dgluxr and redness of tint in B-65-B. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS, The material used in the laboratory part of this study was taken from SW-7B88, a batch originally testing deep and blaok in lacqueS and red ih Duluz. The ' Content of this material was altered, by heating In theorem and in a dealocators over water for various periods* All moisture d^ermlnations are being mads by the toluene distillation method* The results show a distinct trend toward greenness in Dulux with Increasing moisture - i contentv changing to dullness at high moisture contents* Satis factcry material was obtained with a moisture content of 9*6$. ^ "4 it second series is in progress attempting to check the above and further delimit the moisture range for ealisfaotory material, and extend the information to cover redness fh lacquey* Resulta are available only in connection with the lacquer teats. These indicate a tendency to redness and brenztoess with increasing moisture content and with a load of depth at high moisture contents, checking previous study. A **&&.*& pres* cake (lot hue been obtained from the plht% -lifts Of which are being dried at lAfirt dry bulb, at various riidtiwe humidities* An attempt will be made to correlate ipa moisture content of' the resulting material with redness in lazier and DO|ux*:' ho results are available as yet,''' EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS A See notebook #363, pp. 94-96, Results may be summarized as follows DUP050316146 2xn- 363-57 it Moisture 6.3 6.9 9.6 11.4 13.0 14.4 ,gfeS7-8t,, "Ssr-.. Period of Method of Treatment Treatment 13 bra. e 5 brs .: 21 * 45 " _ B A 6 0 D D Masatone in Dulux vs std. red, a.dirty red, s.dirty v.s.green green & clean green & s.duil dull. %Ba.-g.fe87:-3 Moisture Period of Treatment 10.6 10.9 ms - **Wmst m 1 Hr, 2 Hra. 4 6* Method of , ,rJ4aaptone in Treatment va std. r 2 ,B 0 GG v.a.deep & blattfc deep, a.red & bronzy deep, red & bronzy deep* red & bronzy deep, red & bronzy red & bronzy Methods of treatment A* SW-7288 sampled from middle of barrel and Immediately canned.- B A, heated In Frees Oven In Sales Service Laboratory at 500. Cr. SW-7288 sampled, allowed to stand in paper bag over night# 0 B* C Heated in desiccator over water In #3 laboratory oven at Id ?* w--- - 2. 9IMNMSI sampled and immediately canned# F. S, hehted in Beseareh Laboratory Steam Dryer at about iaoF* ^_ _ &pMt K., iated as in D* -Vi' : DUP050316147 t XT PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED BY APPROVED B-66-B /^e^7~ PILE: TROW ffTTTf^! *S 3 DATE: SEPTEMBER, 1935 0 INTRODUCTION An experiment was performed in the semi-works to determine the effeet of tumbling (as in plant mixing) upon the ink-mill properties of this pigment. SUM!-.ARY AND CONCLUSIONS About 8 lbs. of B-66-D (lot 14731) were tumbled in the semi-works 12-inch ball mill for six hours, no balls being used. On ink-mill evaluation, the tumbled material mixed very slightly more easily than a control sample but no appreciable differences were noted in color or ink properties* EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS See notebook 3363, p. 92 and Grinding Report #3090*. . Results may be summarized as follows: get-ting Time swil i ng Time Breakdown Time B-6Q-D Std. Control Ball-milled 2 min* '2 2" 7 min* 7* 6 9mins. 9* 1" ` * The ball-milled sample was equal to control in body, length, flow, masstone and extension. *siL: DUP050316148 Bi4i-B SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY! IHTRQDUGTIQK SEPTEMBER 1935 v PILE: IR9-*ETJES~ A/3 Difficulties have been encountered in the plant la obtaining B-140^\^ual to standard in tint and in mass tone in lacquer* In addition the process appears unstable* Laboratory work hes been undertaken to correct these defects. SUMMARY a n d c o n c l u s io n s AlabgratQ33[ study was made ot the effect of a number of variables in the bMitifi# process. It was found that increasing the ammonium sulphate seems to reduce tine strength as does Increasing the amount of copperds in the strike. Acid in t|i copperas seeife to improve settling and also may aid in stabilizing the process, one water seems to result in a redder and stronger tint, tint materiel is obtained with law acid and low bichromate drawing one water. A lower temperature strike seems to gife a darker mass tone. The masstone in lacquer seems to be a. function of the degree of drying. Intensive drying giving blue and milky products and less intensive drying giving darter! deeper masstone material.'"...it was noticed that laboratory B-140-D/ tints become green and weak on ageing more rapidly than standard BL-140-D. The laboratory work to date indicates satisfactory material can be prepared in the laboratory* A laboratory finished batch of plant material was also satisfactory, but the plant finished material was apparently greener in tint, a laboratory study of time " factors is to bs undertaken since these now seem of greater importance than other chemical factors in obtaining consistant results*1 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS 468-gfi - study used for produ standard procedures of B-14Q-D now being laboratory strikes made on plant standard procedures were red In masstone, weak and graan in tint versus standard B-140-D* 8-26 - Study an a modified no acid day plant procedure in copperas on the 486-25 B procedure also increase the eopperas in the two Increasing the copperas on 25B and 250 gave a slightly redder masstone ara-stronger product with no appreciable change in tint* study the use of ammonium bicarbonate after oxidation! before U* scJflUer gb^ r v`A in ltoVAJL1 v. '"'?&t, k w,V_*&<4>3v.ri* :o' f %>* the pigments obtained wweerree rread in mass*tone, clean. f. : vc. DUP050316149 468*28 - Study the effect of Taring the temperature of strike; peroxide oxidation and adding ammonium" bicarbonate after the acid fallowing the oxidizing solution* Striking at 9gte in this experiment gave a blacken masstone than striking at 10S F; however, no improvement in strength and tint was observed. Oxidizing with perioxide instead of bichromate gave a pigment red in masstone, weak and green tin tint. The addition of ammonium bicarbonate after the sulphuric acid following the bichromate gave a pigment slightly rusty in masstone, weak, and green in tint. 468-30 * Study the effect of increasing the bichromate used in the oxidizing process; also omit the acid in the copperas and increasing the acid in the oxidation procesp. Using 14# of bichromate instead of 10# gave a blacker masstone, but was very slightly red versus B-14Q-D standard. Omitting acid in the copperas gave a product very close to standard B-140-D in masstone, and very slightly redder in tint* 468*31 * Study variation in acid after the oxidation, also omit the washingof the white precipitate. j Decreasing the acid after the oxidation favors a dark masstone but is accompanied by a green tint. Omitting the washing of the white precipitate gave a pigment red in masstone* strong and green in tint* p ; i I 468*32 Study variation"in ammonium sulphate; also a decrease in copperas* An increase in ammonium sulphate tends to give a redder masstone accompanied by a decrease in strength* I 4 i Gutting the amount of copperas gave a blacker and M stronger product, green in tint* and which mounts changed more on drying* . I 468*33 - Study consistency of using high and low amounts of acid after the oxidation. * 1 MeltheX high nor low amounts of acid used after the bichromate aided in obtaining consistent results* All of the pigments obtained were in masstone versus b -140* standard. : 468*34 - To study a formula used at present in the plant as the standard process* (In this procedure the white precipitate is not washed b but stands one hour before oxidizing. Otherwise it is similar to Splitacid-one day method studied in experiment 468-25D) The pigment obtained from the plant formula was very weak and green in tint versus B-140-D standard. When some of the recently studied laboratory variables were studied on the plant procedure an increase in weakness was obtained. It was observed that _ G and D stood overnight in a strong acid condition which might have caused this unexpected weakness. A study will be made to determine the Importance of this factoro am V'i. DUP050316150 3* 4S&-55 * To r-echeek results obtained in experiment 468-32 stonying the efforts of increasing and decreasing tlie quantity of ammonium sulpha tie. In this series as in series 468-32 we found that an increase in ammonium sulphate increased the redness of the pigment which was accompanied, by a decrease in strength* t 1 DUP050316151 PIGMENT aaaa&BGH REPORT 'S' IAGQHE1 MAROONS. RT-259-D and RT-219-D ,f. v.v - r 1 %% BUBMITTED BY:c^j&e<Jrc2>. 31/- 3 V" FILEi N.B.S. MAROeff' APPROVED BY: J DATE: SEPTEMBEB 1935* INTRODUCTION Two small Semi-works charges of the obsolete Maroon. (RT-259-D) were made to supply material to Parlin in connection with the Maroon ladquer work* No active work was done on the RT-219-D type except for observation of lacquer panel for appearance of bloom* SIMMARY' AMD CONCLUSIONS A bateh of RT-259-D made on standard forinula was dark and slightly brown in lacquer. A modification employing the RT-219-D coupling procedure was only slightly dark with equal brightness and was shipped to Parlin. The difference was replacement of some of the eaustlc soda with soda ash and use of the high coupling volume described in last RT-219-D report. Additional1lightness and brightness can probably be secured by reduction in amount"of nitrite used* ? Panels of all the RT-219* made last month have been examined and found to be free from the "'bloom" sometimes observed* Portions of all sami-works and plant batches are geing held for possible use as standard pending results of the blooming tests* M 4'U ranpraamfCAL DETAILS . H*B* 480, p. 71. 7 SW-7S83- l/soth mol charge cheeking 05*1455 (std. formhl^ except reduce diazo stirring and settling periods* Lacquer test vs ST259-D #46334 - dark;, trace brown* , SW-7294 - check SW&'VgQS except make coupling as in. RT-219-D, SW--7265* Reduce boiling time from 2 to 1 hr* Lacquey test vs RT-259-D #46354 * s* dark* M. ' k '4 fa'.' DUP050316152 PIGMETH SOLOR BSSRABCH REPORT .PT"T.-n'KfT' aT-PTra a S3PTEKFER 193 5, Attempts were made to prepare g lake of Pigment Rubine G similar to Lithol Rubine Lake RM237~1> 446# P.AM on 50:50 Gloss White base}. A comparison was also made of the dry soda salt- dye. of Pigaent Rubine <* and the corresponding paste dye in the preparation of the strontium toner* SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS It has been known that slurry mixing of the strontium toner of Pigment Rubine G with a base containing alumina hydrate resulted in dark muddy masstones and blue and dirty tints. However, ; in view of the recently developed K-7#P0 formula for preparing the strontium toner of Pigment Rubine G, it was thought advisable to reinvestigate the possibility of extending the toner with a gloss white base* 1 An attempt to prepare a lake similar to Lithol Rubine ' Lake, RM-237-D consisting of 46# P.A*M* on a 50:50 Gloss White base, was unsuccessful. The lake was dark and muddy in masstdne and blue and. dirty in tint compared with a dry mix of the siime ingredients, at washing of the toner prior to laking had na effect in eliminating the undesirable tinctorial properties of the lake* Laking immediately after preparation of the toner was no. different in the final results than laking after allowing'the toner to stand overnight* ;. ~ Slurry mixing of the toner with blanc fixe was satisfactory^^, change having occurred in mas stone or tint as * compared witij|j!iry - "" It was interesting to find that increasing the soda ash in the alumsoda ash ratio from 30:12 to 30:21 gave an increase in brightness of mass tone and a decrease in. blueness of tint* However, the 30:21 alumina hydrate lake was still quite dark and muddy, blue and dirty in tint compared with a dry mix* . It is evident that apparently some reaction oeeurs between the strontium toner and some ingredient of the alumina hydrate, possibly the basic aluminum sulphate, to -form some of the aluminum salt of Pigment Rubine G which is dark,^dull ana blue versus the strontium salt* An experiment to determine the effect of preparing DUP050316153 ft* the strontium toner from the HW?9.9$ soda salt; dye in ary and in pasta forms, showed that although the differences were slight, the paste dye gav^'-'the superior product* S3PBB.IMEKTAL BETAILS Notebook No* 465* Series 465-27 attempted the Isking of the strontium toner of Pigment; Bubine d- wi'th a gloss white base {50:50 hydrateblanc fixe) The lake was dark and brown in mssstone versus a dry mix of the toner and gloss white base. Ser&ds 46328 studied the effect of adding the base to the toner slurry immediately after precipitation and after allowing the toner slurry to stand overnight* In both cases the.lakes were dark-and brown in masstone. However, the toner was unaffected tinctorially by allowing it to stand overnight prior to filtration* Series 46329 attempted to vat wash the toner slurry before adding to the gloss white base slurry* f Vat washing of the toner did not eliminate the muddy masstone of the lake* Series 4.6550 and 52 were studies of the effect of laking with blano fixe and with alumina hydrate bases varying from 30:13 to 30:21 (as is basisl ratios of alum to soda ash* The lake with blano fixe was satisfactory in masstone and in tint, but the hydrate lakes were all darker and muddier in masstones and dirtier and bluer in tints* However., improvements were obtained as the ratio of alum to soda ash was .varied, from 30:13 to 30:21* - Serias:.4:6331 was $ comparison of the strontium tones prepared from dry soSa sail;' dye and from soda salt paste* site -The paste dye gave a slightly superior product in masstone beiJi; slightly brighter but the dry dye gfve slightly more strength* DUP050316154 ** 8g*gfti^ Vims PIOMBTO ItPMHB **5 *3 QATEt SEPTEMBER 1925* INTRQDPCTIOS of RfNEip#;'^ the bo o t coupling formula was continued 1b the a*i<*e0ffcs ftf'Ske purpose of obtainlug shading material* A comparison of dried and paste dye was again made and a K formula If991) was written up for the former procedure (drying and pulverizing PiLggmmeennt BHaubin DByyei* Results cheek earlier conclusions that eatiafaetory material earn be made by use of either dye press sake or dried ground dyo* The former may give slightly more brightness* but th& : dlfferenoe is not great One batch was unusually bright for ms apparent reason* -K'a Vg. -IRKS* of tho material being obtained now ie ae light anOellow as the first runs but is all eloss in masstone to R$i|B9* with somewhat strong yellow tints* A shook on rehunidifieation of the dried material showed very little* if any, advantage as compared to initial humidified drying ' ^ ' A charge of purified, para ehlaraniline m-sulphonie acid made in Marsh 19^5 gave*, a satisfactory but not superior prodded emthie formula , v%v- " ..! -y-Jt total! made recently Iwi^sdiiig a' ' standard in have boom made u*rffeii materW lUms&arji lot shaded to e^ua! * Y f^sS-r t. l""~ ' j , .. DUP050316155 mgRIMIHTAL BETAIXS *8* tenor* JfcS. #455, p. 154* 8l48(jg * Sheok 35*7248+ Convert ail pf dye to Dried at 140F 40* budidlty* yellow* Ts Bf-359*D v*v*sdark & doll, ayell. & atr.t s*str*, ai7|flft * One half of 7537+ Frees cake* Brlfd at 140F* 8*eontrolled Humidity* Sxposed at 14GF 40 Humidity* Ta &T*3S9*0 t .a.dark, s.yell, strong, yellow* 85*7515 * Cheek 7907 consuming Purified p *c *a *M*s .a * (31*5900} t s BT*859*8 * Q*K* - a.yellow * v*a* strong, v.s .yellow* 81*7528 * Cheek 7807 but do not dry out dye. Dye pfeee cake redissolved as In SW*72S@* va RT-359-D * v,s.muddy, yellow, Q*K* yellow* 81*7825 cheek 7822* v b BT*559*D - v.s* bright, t *1* yellow, 0*&, s*yellow* DUP050316156 36~- 3/ aggMBBP C&LQR ggglAMg REPORT VAT BIBS MR PISMSHTS SUBMITTED BY: X* APPROVED BY; sOco^g . IHTRODUCTIOH FILE: VAT-DYES ***3*6' DATE; SEPTEMBER 1935, Work on the vat dye problem during this month was concerned with the evaluation, for pigment purposes, of several samples of Ponsol Blue and Violet vat dye toner pulps, representing types which differed both chemically and in physical characteristics* SUMMARY AM) COHCLUSIOKS Eleven samples of Ponsol Blue and Violet vat dye pastes were selected for a pigment evaluation study with the object of deciding upon one or two of these dyes as the basis for subsequent studies of suitable laking methods# The evaluation consisted of comparisons by rubouts in lithographic varnish of: 1* "board flushed out" toner pulps 2. dried out toner pulps * 3. "board flushed out" lake pulps 4 Bry lakes* The lakes were prepared by slurry mixing the vat dye slurry.with separately prepared alumina hydrate slurry# The vat dye content of the lake was approximately 13#* Table Ho* 1 gives a list of the Ponsol dyes whieh were evaluated, together with information regarding their chemical constitutions, their methods of preparation, and their.; prices. Table I* Price-' Information regarding composition. 100# basis#'- Ponsol Blue m double paste 2192 Ponsol Blue R Crude 2l90 paste Ponsol Brill.Blue R 2193 paste Ponsol Blue &B 2084 double paste# Ponsol Blue G-L Paste 2143 Unchlorinated Ponsol BlusB dried and acid pasted,plus dispersing agent Indanthrene Purified Ponsol Blue R Monochlor Paste Blue Rprepared by chlorination of Ponsol Blue R. Crude CD - a more amorphous form 11*9" j i 10#50 7*23 Ponsol Blue double paste 2081 Bichlor*3S&* Ponsol Blue 8 prepared by condensing 2 mols of brant amino anthraquinone and. replacing the bromines with chlorine by sulphuryl chloride* 6.70 J ;; DUP050316157 --2 Hams Ponsol Blue HSX paste Ponsol Blue BCS double paste Ponsol Blue 5G paste Ponsol Blue 2RD paste Ponsol Violet AB paste OU- 2144 2194 2142 2191 2145 Price on. Informattion. regarding imferua-kUjn lQQ/o Basis, A form of Bp Trichlor Ponsol Blue R 6.97 6.70 * 8.50 15.95 13.30 Above information was obtained'from A, Siegel's letter of 8/s/35 to Dr. ,R. Allen and official price-list of DuPont Dyestuffs* Division* t 'Ji-S.TUuv . I DUP050316158 S if* 1&-, . 6 +> ft VS5f{ w K. I a T3 to x! H > *3fll (&S5 rH 04 fi- * ro <d u 3a} ft *-3 M03 *d l."4 gj|jf t > f 09 d +ft H d P H jp * * wM ft_ O 4St t * tO o 4r*t 18 * 2*gfe P#H a* fe 40 ** +t-o> ta. tQ p p o > # i)> > ta 44 m * to H3 tt * lb > > 09 * ## e3 8 fl P 4>9* <..# <!} to0 0 t St Si Si P Si P W) W > *3 ' ` 44 44 M 44 w && R to o H >> ^ Si O H & ra raft i$> a ft # ta 4,,--p 1 Si to Si Si 1313\4g& 44' W f.. g ^ <s p , Si * s p St 4f4 . ea^^S} -H** )t ft "ho 4n4s oa rt ft Et _> ft o ,, Pi P4 Jp P,P P? m p a 31} &)?< At; At |*| 4 *4 O t +> *S4t to + p M *pH P * W o m * t* t>' to %lO& ^R. o 3 to 4ft p cS S4 P * P M ft Si -Jo#W* 04 * o 9 o (3 pro S< r* S* *>i O ? * o +- TO P P * P > A % ps< 03 4 fDt 03 IH P VfIt m s *>ft 8> t>ft - 03 >> to 4 *4 3 8 vi <8 W o-ft 43 *> 0 H ^ rH o So M pp vs p o3 f*. .s-t rH O 3p - cf 3 3 O <*-i g o3 Pt > 14 +ft d o p -ntopjA <3 tot l> a P 'O ro > * 44 o _ ,,5>St H . oS3 ro w| % > fe. h > .rPo S > Q> > S3 $4 P C! 1*1 04 OM oS * <D i&i 44 & >3 >9 * Si O 0 <xt > `& S> >9 St St =* p 3 a & I> t I St P > ! to op ,o m <3 g S m Si M S H i ra H w*1 3 ' S3 K d 2 u o rPa P St ra PH O O M S3 S3 OO A< (to P ja pOto P P p}> Po IS! O [X| ra Wo ra rraa P d> c> to 03 ts ra ra 3 3 += 4O4 y +p9 p ns 3 P ra P3 m 3 P m 3 P ra r3H ra 3 P m P3 m 3 P m p Q P s> Pp P<4 Oo Pp c p o w P o P o p o p p o to p oto p oro p ft . Cp -**!>* ,C Bk*& O p O Po g 1 p o ft, so 5 po At At (to . At Pt ftl At ra ra jg`P4 1 V ?ft. DUP050316159 From Table IX it may be seen, that in most cases the drying out^qf the.toner pulps resulted in a tremendous loss in tinctorial pow|gfe Fonsol Blue R crude, however, was very good in this respect, p Fonsol Blue GZ was fair* v It is also evident that this loss in strength upon drying is largely prevented by Xakiag. with alumina hydrate*, In most cases, the loss in strength of the dry lakes, was between 5 and 15# compared with the corresponding flushed out toner pulps and lake pulps. Ponsol Blue 5G, however, was very poor tinctorially even in lake form* Table III* Comparisons Flushed Toner Pulps Dry lakes Ponsol Blue 1 crude vs Ponsol Blue 22# wk, red & 17# wk, red & ,, z , dirty* dirty, Ponsol Brill* Blue R " O.K*str, s. 0*K* str* s.gresa green. . 1 Ponsol Brill* Blue R " Ponsol Blue 22# str. green 20# str. gr. & Ponsol Blue BF R Crude & el. clean - " Ponsol Blue GZ 5# str*s*red* 17# wk, v.s.red Ponsol Blue RGS . ** * " n 5# wk^s-.red. 20# wk, s*red " M Ponsol Blue BF IQ#..wk,s*,red Ponsol Blue GB * Ponsol Blue GZ 5# wk, 0. Ponsol Blue GL it Ponsol' Blue SB 15# str.y.v.s* red 20# itr v.v.s*: 5# wk* s*red * O.K* '# wkj v.v*s*red ntr*v*v*s*redrr;?V Ponsol Pqnael Blue GZ 0,F* gr*& dirty Ponsol Blue BG^ * "S **" n 6*K* Ponsol Blue _ IP..u..s. r POhsol Tiolet M jqsgrv , red wk, green & Birty, wk,, r^d. x. r" " ,, M DUP050316160 j|p Table III, comparisons are given of the various vat dyes with Fshsol Blue GZ, present employed in BP12l-D, both on the basis of the flushed out toner pulps and on the basis of the dry lakes, Ponsol Blues G3D and GL are substantially equal in tint to Ponsol Blue GZ; Ponsol Blue BP, BOX, B cru&Og, and BCS are on the red side in' tint of Ponsol Blue Gz,increasing in redness in the order named* Ponsol Brilliant Blue R and Ponsol Blue 5G are green in tint versus Ponsol Blue GZ* Ponsol Blue 5G is decidedly green and dirty while-Ponsol Blue BCS is decidedly red, Fonsol Blue SID is a violet and is greener and dirtier than Ponsol Violet IB* In lightfastness (Zinc Oxide extension) Ponsol Bl4eS&.,is decidedly inferior to all of the others which showed practically no differences and'-very little fading after three weeks exposure in the Pade-o-meter, Ponsol Blue 3RD and Ponsol Violet AR are substantially equal to each other but inferior to the other Ponsol Blftesito lightfastness* On the basis of the flushed out toner pulps, Ponsol Blue BP was 5$ stronger and Ponsol Blue GL was 15$ stronger titan Ponsol Blue GZ* Ponsol Brilliant Blue B was equal in strength and the remaining dyes, close in tint, were weaker than Ponsol Blue Gz, On the bqsis of the dry lakes, all were weaker than Ponsol Blue GZ, ranging from 10 to 80$ except Ponsol Brilliant Blue R which was equal* A careful - study of the results in the foregoing tables has led to the following conclusions* Ponsol Blue B Crude is unattractive tinctorially because of its red and dirty tint* Ponsol Blue SO is unsatisfactory because of its green and dirty tint as well as its poor light fastness* Ponsol Brilliant Blue B is quite satISTaatbsy tinctorially as ecmffared with Ponsol' Blue GZ, hut its high price is unattractive in view Of the eheaper dyes such as Ponsol"Blues GP, etc* Pbhsol Bi&sSiRPand R$E and GB are considerably eheaper in coW than Ponsol Blue GZ and are satisfactory tinctorially, but they are distinctly inferior to Ponsol Blue GL in inherent strength and in the strength of the lakes* ponsol Blue GL ^Inherently is about 15$. stronger than Ponsol Blue Gz* In fact, it was the strongest of all the Ponsol Blue dyes evaluated. In lake form, it was only about 9$ weaker than the corresponding lake eC Ponsol Blue GZ* However, in cost it is about half the price of Ponsol Blue GX* \ DUP050316161 Ponsol Blue BCS is Interesting because of its red shade. If it S0- red enough in tint to enable matching Ultramarine Blue in Dulux^-'^hen blended with Ponsol Blue GZ or GL, it will be more preferable to use than Ponsol Violet AR because it is cheaper and better in light fastness* Ponsol Blue 3RD is unsatisfactory because it is inherently weaker 20$) than. Ponsol Violet AR. For future work on the vat dye problem it was decided to select Ponsol Blue SL and possibly Ponsol Blue Bcs or Ponsol Violet 1R. Attempts will'be made to match Ultramarine Blue in Lulux with mixtures of the above dyes and samples will be prepared for Bulux durability exposure tests* In connection with*the Duco "drift in shade" problem, the above same dyes will be considered and attempts will be made to prepare lakes therefrom which will contain higher vat dye contents than the present BP>145*D. BIvPER IJJENTAI DERAILS notebook So 470, pp 537Q* &*v * DUP050316162 IHTRODUCTIQff The problem, ef developing dry Pigment Green B Lakes for printing ink* paint, rubber aU& paper coating was taken up aotively in the laboratory following Me lead developed by our representative at the jfaekson Labetafjqryv A major portion of the work during this month was concerned with finding explanations for the disparity in results obtained at the two laboratories which involved considerable analytical work* gniMARY tm CONCLUSIONS The lead uncovered by the Krebs representative at Jackson Laboratory, conearning the preparation of interesting dry lakes of Pigment Green B, consisted, briefly, in adding a water dispersion of K-7906 to an alumina hydrate slurry and subsequently "salting" the oolloidal suspension of Green* *9906 ia the watef diaper sinle typo of Pigment Green Bf prepared by colloid milling a 59*50 mixture of Pigaent Green B and roain sine (in paste form} and subsequently drying* An attempt was made in the very beginning to match a lake prepared at Jackson Laborstory^ '^^g^sgiBo A product was obtained (starting with K-7906 SW*7219) which was distinctly weaker 460*448, Variations is the degree of mashing of the lalis,,' variations in the amount of salt used (reduction from made no difference in yield and in tinctorial pi g) made from three different aemi-works batches of 7244) Mich, in turn -were mads from WO different of GT*68*P (440459*14266} wore all pVsbtieal cheeks______ ____________ to previous experiments. In addition it g fe|id that Vfir. likes prepared from *7006 ggvo no. improvement in strength' over those from the corresponding C&efioP b^t-oiijy cleaned up the"',tint,. These results were 0t va*iaj^|e vith those of JaCkaba laboratory which indicated t&mg&i&i. strength in addition to cleaner tint as a result of-laking ies of the-. original: and of the laboratory K*7906 prepare,tl * were submitted by Jackson Laboratory' and-a carefUlexaminatidn of these samples was made* An explanation for Me aMormally high strengths obtained with sample 409*221 was found in the fact that whereas this sample was assumed to be in tamer content, by analysis it was actually found to b " ^ Incidentally it might be mentioned that seven batches of plant GT-6S-P were analyzed for iron andfound to lie between and 848* Consequently a factor (11*9) Was derived from the average iron analysis for converting % iron in a sample of Pigment B Lake or *7909 into $ of Pigment Green B (toner) 5 fi '1 ] *. 1 DUP050316163 <SB reason for the "Si'iP^irenee in improvement obtained at the two laboratories by preparing lakes from K-7906 was found to be due to the original green paste, in the'case of Lot 44043 which was used in milling E-7906 SW-7219, the color dried to give 25% more strength than^|it 41873 which was used at Jackson Laboratory in making 46G-23lf'and, 460-221, Consequently these differences in the strengths of tie dry toners were maintained in the preparation of the lakes from the corresponding dispersible greens* . It was also demonstrated that different results (in the lakes) could be obtained from different E-7906 preparations of the same lot of GT-68-P. It might, be of interest to-- mention that a lake was made from a dispersible green which was practically equal,, on an equal Pigment Green B basis, to an oil flushed toner pulp* A comprehensive investigation of the method for preparing lakes from dispersible green was made and very interesting results were obtained* The following more important conclusions were drawn from the results. Substantially the same results were obtained by simply treating green toner slurry with rosin soap before laking with hydrate, as were obtained'by the 460-44B method of laking from the dispersible green pigment K-7906, Simple eolloid milling of the green toner slurry before laking. gave some improvement in the strength of, the lake. n Colloid milling of the green siurry which had been treated with caustic soda gave a slightly further iurprovement s. - However, neither of the latter two methods was equal to the first mentioned rosin soap treatment, / *. In other words, it is apparent that rosin soap is a more powerful dispersing agent (peptizing agent) for Pigment Green. B paste than colloid milling,. '' Future work oh this problem will follow the rosin soap treatment of Pigment Green 1 slurry (482-90) and an-attempt, will be made to increase the toner content of the lake without sacrifieing strength*, Attempts will also be made to reduce the amount of sodium resinate Tihieh remains in the lake, .i ' - 1 I ' . . jj experiment was conducted on E-7906 for the furpose of deSgS^iaihg the possibility of substituting rosin soap from I wee&i|p$gt rosin size, The results showed that it was apparently possible to obtain a readily water dispersible pigment which gave a satisfactory paper dyeing test, by the use of rosin soap* This should be helpful because of the present unsatisfactory condition existing with respect to uniformity of shipments of rosin size from the present supplier* American Cyanamide Co. ' <, 'v. .V? i DUP050316164 EXPERIMENTAL mTAIW Notebook No. 482* Series 482-1 - was an attempt to check *feckson Laboratory* s 4-60-4413 lake; it was also a study of ipcrSesxng ratio of toner to hydrate. Ho cheek to 460-44B was obtained. Increasing the toner content of the lake from 18$ to 39$ gave a slight increase in tinctorial power* Series 482*2 - varied the degree of washing of the lake and decreased the amount of salt in the formula* Washing had no'apparent effect upon yield or tinctorial properties. The salt was reduced from 12 g to 2 g without any eiffeet upon yield or strength* Series 482-5 - was the preparation of lakes from three different semi-works batches of E-7906 which were in turn made from two different plant batches of G#-68-P* All three lakes were checks to each other* Series 482-9 - investigated the possibility of preparing lakes R-r to 4.R0-44B by simple treatment of the green toner slurry with rosin soap* * The results showed that it was entirely possible to eliminate the preliminary preparation of the K-7906 type of water dispersible pigment and that simple treatment of green slurry with rosin soap and then addition of hydrate slurry gave suitable Figment drsangp lskea. Colloid milling of the green helped to improve the strength of the lake but was not as effective as the rosin soap treatment of the green slurry*. -i----- *" Series 483-1Q * investigated the reasons for the differences in results obtained at Jackson Laboratory and at Hewark with respect to the strength of the lakes made from water dispersible Green K-790#-. The reason for the abnormally high strength of a lake made from 46Q-22D was shown to be due to an erroneous assumption of its toner content* Whereas it was assttmed to be 33*6$* by analysis (Fe) it was shown to eontain 46.2$ toner," The reason for the improved strength of the lake made from K-7906 over that of the lake made'from GT-68-P in the fease of the Jackson Laboratory experiment was due to the fact that the lot of GT-68-P which was used dried out to give a fairly hard weak dry color* However* in the case of the Hewark experiment (series 482-2) which gave no improvement in strength by the use of the K-7906 type of pigment, the lot of' GT-68-P which-was employed gave a fairly soft, strong dry color, consequently not much improvement was obtained by the rosin-size treatment before lakiag,, DUP050316165 Series 482-4 - determined the effect of-substituting rosin soap solution (I wood rosin dissolved in caustie soda) for rosin size in the preparation of &7906 The results showed that it was possible to make the above substitution. The product obtained dispersed readily in water and gave a satisfactory paper dyeing test. Series 4826 * attempted to simplify the preparation of K^79<8> by eliminating the colloid milling treatment and drum drying operation* The experiment consisted, in treating j&preen slurry with rosin soap solution, salting out, filtration, washing and drying. The product was unsatisfactory* It dried out non-uniformly and gave a sticky mass which dispersed poorly in water* i .sir: i DUP050316166 t 36*- 3*-/ `REPORT gismr s k t o b p u l p s t -q s p SUBMITTED BY* APPROVED 3Yt ^ 2-2-3.7/ FILES: PIGMBHT-gKE^Bg B BATE: SSES3MBBR-1935 IHTRODtTCTIOlsr Pigment Green B production in the plant continues under Devel opment section supervision. A total of three batches are reported this month, all of which are outstanding from last month. Results are unavailable on two batches made the latter part of this month, and these will be reported next month. SUMMARY & CPUCLUS-lOHS The first two batches reported this month were made on the K-7904 formulation (caustic soda in the cadmium soap preparation). Both of these batches were GK in rubber, but gave weak, unsatisfactorypaper results. This weakness can be traced primarily to the low dry content of these pulps, the average of the two being 23.6$. As the standard GT-68-P is a 27$ pulp and the tests are made on an *as is? pulp basis, the low dry content is the obvious reason far the greater part of this weakness. However, both of these batches also were iighj ly on the dirty side of standard, the first batch more so than the second. An attempt is being made to re-work the second batch so- as _ to produce material satisfactory for paper by re-slurrying and re pressing in order to increase the percentage dry content and thus improve the strength. Preliminary tests have shewn the material to be OK in strength but slightly blue and dull. A sample has been sent to the Paper laboratory for test, but results sore notairailable as yet. Ho reason can be given for these unsatisfaotory7Wa#i?TO?lrtry. The third batch was made using soda ash instead of caustic soda in preparing the cadmium soap thus checking the Let 41873 formu lation. This batch was al30 low in dry content (4- 23.5$) and thus was on the weak side on paper test. The rubber test_wae satisfactory. An attempt is being made at present in the Semi-Works to increase the ' dry content on this batch by use of a leaf filter rather than by reslurrying and repressing. This method takes approximately three times as long but it is considerably cheaper as labor and equipment costs are veS^y low. As this treatment is still in process, results will be repealed next month. Yields on these three batches were low, averaging 91$ of stand ard which cheeks results secured by the plant, but is 5$ under pre vious production supervised by the Development Section. A series of experiments conducted in conjunction with the Re search laboratory have shown that a noticeable improvement in strength is secured on re-pulverizinj&the pulp in a Straub mill running the tests on an equal toner basis. This is of interest, as many of the satis factory paper batches including the paper standard (lot 41873) re ceived tws to three pulverizations in the 12 inch Mikro-pulverizer in the process of adjusting the dry content. However, a series run in DUP050316167 the 8 inch Mikropulverizer shows a weakening: effect on two and three pulverization# This may be accounted for in that the treatment in the smaller pulverizer is much more drastic than in the larger. This work will he followed up in subsequent batches. Plant production is tabulated in Table I and shipments in Table II. w- f % fi DUP050316168 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS N.B. 473, pages 90-93 0 - fe rl 9I inH* * * II &A5 P* o foc+ UPTiC3i U f cto <8 r3t 404 O bg l^iili iat Si SB &o 2 w oS o 2 o b H n ISfe 6* 3 ,, * Sh #oH *o00* fl H Mm s 3f> *a. 2aO 0i ?! *S * t >i t *rl is * .1 JS g-- 8 8 g b b I fe $C M 0 *\ eI c Uo 9t 4 i o l|j 4: 4Mb 0' g fef CO imn * CO < $I i-e 5> 5EJ CCOtf * $ rH 3 *0 CO o 3 if vaj CC0OO2 CO <c4$* 5f* 02 8 4o31l to Oft <01 t4o0 Oft Btt> % Oft Oft Oft Sasai rt g fe IJ !b <s !P I8 HL* a s S H ?"S n 0 'Sg *2 s6* s *00- b t'. -* b i f* 0 ig 4> ma* g U* ^rH ta ? 2 wttoo $ DUP050316169 fv -r* . ** 3T-3*'*~ ..ytf . SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: INTRODUCTION PIGMENT COLOR- `RESEARCH REPORT PIGMENTS IK OIL /C/ PILE: PiOMEHTo IM U1T DATS: SEPTEMBER 1935, file study of Flushed Solors has been continued actively in the laboratory the past month. The principal emphasis has been on the flushing of a Lithol with low varnish content. There has been some study of flushing Maroons into vehicle suitable for use at Parlin* SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The August report discusses an attempt to flush RT-347-D in Blown Castor Oil for use at Parlin. The amount of oil was not sufficient to give a satisfactory flushing action. With Parlin*a permission the amount of vehicle was increased by adding Dibutyl Pbttialate with the Castor Oil and the process tried on RT-347-D -and on RT~297Do In the case of the former there was still no evidence of flushing* f Settling was quite slow and filtration was no more rapid than the eonthbl* No attempt was made to remove the water. With RT*297D, however, the oil was readily incorporated so that' settling was very rapid and filtration was faster than the control* The resulting press cake was readily flushed on the ink mill to a very stiff but brilliant ink* On the basis of this last method large saflples 1 lb*}' of the following were prepared to be tested by Parlin in the near future; 469-42A - Dry control like RT-292*B 469-42B Pulpotherwise as in A (like RT-129-P) 469-42C Pulp containing color 17.6$ Blown aster oil 10*2^ ,J.ibutyl Phthalate .. water &&*$ ; I -ft s One attempt was made to flush RT*379B adding the varnish to the finished toner with -the Lightning Miser, The Varnish seemed to be readily taken up by the pigment but there was-little evidence of any coalescing action even after considerable stirring of the concentrated slurry* The wdfer seemed to separate with considerable difficulty on the ink mill but inks of satisfactory strength and high finish were obtained when all wereeadjusted to a 2:3 basis* There was no choiee, as to amourft of varnish to use, Indicated by this series* "r One very interesting series was run to study the effect of volatile oils added to the Fa salt in relatively largeamounts f j , j ] ; j i J | Jj DUP050316170 with, little or `%o varnish* Both Mineral Spirits and Toluene were added in amounts equal to the weight of the pigment. A study was also made of the use of Diglyeal Stearate in Mineral Spirits and in Toluene and of 10$ #0 Varnish in Mineral Spirits* All settled very rapidly and oompaotly* Filtration was extremely rapid and the press cates were very sandy and dry in appearnce* After leaving overnight in the oven the products were substantially the same as the control in yield and were very soft and bulky* Tgey were ground into inks on the Ink Mill* The products containing Diglycol Stearate and the one containing varnish showed definite improvement in mixing time but the former were very peer in flow* The volatile oils alone did not givS any improvement in mixing time* All the products were dark, strong and blue against the control which was, however, weaker than standard RT-.364-D, Apparently the most significant thing about the series is the ability to obtain such a soft bulky dry color* Three series were run with varnish added to the Ha salt of RT-364-B before the strike* Variations in the amount of varnish and the use of certain treating or assisting agents was studied. It is possible to obtain fairly ready flushing of a press cake containing ? 37*5% varnish on the ink mill* A very stiff ink results which, when thinned to a 253 basis on the ink mill, shows some evidence of being softer and longer and having better flow than inks which are flushed at a higher varni3h concentration. Very nearly the same desirable properties are obtained at 44*3$ varnish (4;3 ink) and the base ink is much, more workable* There is some coalescing to pellets with ordinary agitation at both these concentrations and filtration is very rapid in either case* However, equal parts of varnish and color result in good coalescing and very ready flushing* The 4:3 inks seem to offer the most advantages and it is probable that future work will be on that basis* Various agents have been tried with Jifte. varnisht such as mineral spirits, toluene, diglycol stearate, Ha Haphthenate and Callpxin {a po3^aerization product from linseed oil)* The last material, Calloxiii, used in toluene solution shows nothing of value tinctori&lly and very definitely reduces the flow and tends toward stiffens shorter inks. Diglycol Stearate also appears to result in short- ink3 and poor flow although it seams to offer some advantages tindtorially and inmaaiah of flushing. The Ha Haphthenate as tried this month seemed to have very little effect and the mineral spirits and toluene are in the same category. We can repeat what was said last month, namely, that the effects obtained appear to apply in a very generalyfashion only and that rather poor duplicability has been the usual thing when the more specific details are examined. Our immediate aim shall be to obtain duplicability in the method used this-month, varnish (about 75$ of the weight of the pigment) in the Ha salt* We shall also seek to develop a method of adding an equivalent amount of varnish to the finished toner slurry with the ultimate aim of an actual test in an ink plant with a comparative evaluation of the two against an ink'from a dry ostrol* DUP050316171 BXPERIMSETAL DETAILS . ':-%ee notebook if46A pp. 126-151, - Also "Ink Grinds #4516 to 4520 inclusive* Series #469-56 An attempt to treat RT29?^ with 0astor Oil and Dibutyl Phthalate gave a color which settled very rapidly and showed definite pellet formation* It flushed readily in the Ink Mill to a stiff but workable paste, A large sample was planned for testing by Parlin* This ink (568) was also left at Parlin for testing, 469*37, ,_-t* This was an attempt to flush RT*347-8 with a mixture of Castor oil and Dibutyl Phthalate, There wqs no separation and settling and filtration were not at all improved* t The experiment was abandoned an unsatisfactory but some of the pulp was kept and subsequently it has been shown that it can be flushed on the rubout board by adding ZnO (Kad&x) in small amounts, Tfills is a very interesting fast which should be pursued further. 469--58, RT-379-D treated with famish after the development. Varnish added on Lightning Mixer, A - No varnish B - 60# # Reg, Varnish 5;3 pigment/oil ratio*. C - 75# #8 Reg* Varnish 4:3' " "" D * 100# " " Ljl ' " * Although the varnish was readily taken up by the pigment there was no evidence at any time of coaleseteg^inrto' pellets* The filtered products flushed rather slowly on the ink mill. The thinned out inks showed no significant differences from the control except a somewhat higher finish. 469*39 . : Variation is varnish content with RT-364-D, 60# varnish (5:3 bails) gives a workable ink but it is rather too stiff to be practical. Tinctorially there is little to choose from in the series. Mineral Spirits added' with the varnish shows little effect in this series. Diglycol' stearate 3eems to give dull masstones, dirty tints and poor flow* 46.9-40 other agents* The treatment of RT-364-D with Volatile Oils and r A - Control 1 - Mineral Spirits {equal to color content) DUP050316172 G Mineral Spirits with 5$ Diglycol Stearate. - Mineral Spirits with. 10$.$0 Reg. Varnish W - Toluene (equal to color) . F Toluene with 5$. Diglycol Stearate* The volatile oils evaporate completely with the water* They give quick settling and pellet formation of a fine sandy character. The dry products are very soft and bulky and as such should he interesting* , C, D & F were definitely better in mixing time than the control 0 & F showed very poor flow. control* All are dark, strong, blue and clean against the 469-41 The use of various assisting agents with 60$ varnish in the strike* In this series Diglycol Stearate gives poor flow but good strength* Mineral spirits gives good strength while Ha Naphthenate and toluene is well as the untreated flushed color give poor strength* The contradictions in the light of previous results are too great to permit any conclusions as to the value of these treating agents* 469-48 Large samples of RT-397-D for study at Parlin* A - Dry control - Ground in semi-works* B - As A but 3aved as Pulp (13.3$) C Pulp with following composition Color - 17*6 Blown Castor Oil H-120 - 10*3$ Dibutyl Phthalate BML11 - 10*6$ Water - 61.6$ Samples were submitted to Parlin for test* -4--6--9----4--3---- I^f. - study the use of Calloxin (D-2186) added with 75$ Varnish (4;3 ink)* 1$, 3$, and 5$ Galloxin was used, added in toluene solution with the varnish. When used in this way, it showed no beneficial effect and tended to give deveased flow, dull ma?stones and dirty tints* The series also included a comparison of 5:3 and 4:3 inks and it is apparent that the 4:3 ink is more workable and flushes more readily. It will probably be used in the future* DUP050316173 Inis:- Grind ff4516 A study of the Inks from 469--38 series* Grind ff.4517 A study of the inks from 469-39 series* Grind #4518 A study of the inks from 469-40 series Grind #4519 Inks from 469-41 series Grind #4520 Tnka from 469-45 series ' t . SJ v- DUP050316174 SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: laTRODUCTIOg f il e : p iq ms ef e b m o i-l t DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. A number of samples of Lithol Red (RT-364-D) treated with small percentages of ail modified:- glyptal resins have been prepared and sent to Philadelphia for preliminary tests on ease of rinding into Dulux formulas* Large pulp samples of Chinese Blue (Bt63-D) treated with 2, 5, 10 and of blown castor oil have been prepared for* testing at Parlin for ease of flushing# SUMMARY AND QONCLUSIOHS Seven different resins sent to us by Philadelphia were dissolved in thinker and added to unwashed slurry (RT-364-D, Lot 45122)* After colloid silling* there was a rapid "settling up" Of jfche pigment-resin mixture to the top of the clear wash water* 'Upon filtering* in each case there was obtained a normal oil-resin `water-pigment press cake that was consistently 50$ water within the.' limits of experimental error* This water content Is in the same - "Order of magnitude as the water content of a "pellet stage" press 'cake# yv?/- Since an attempt to produce a mill base by direct flushing resulted in a stable water4n*oil emulsion, thgse seven samples (40*50 g each) with a control were dried at 140 F, pulverized and sent to Philadelphia for preliminary testing on ease of grinding into Dulux formulas* ., ^ - & Samples of B-63D washed plant press cake (lot #45225) were stirred with water to form a 5*>6$ slurry* approximately 2* 5* 10 and 20$ of blown castor oil was added with stirriqa andtthe mixtures fassed two times through the'colloid mill* The filtered samples 1*2 pounds dry color basis) are to be sent to Fa-rlln for tests on improved ease of V s4, biota oast or oil^in-wa'tOr emulsion was prepared that was stabflf- after standing in the laboratory for three weeks* The only substance added In Order to emdlsify the oil was 0*05$ of sodium hydroxide which is equivalent to 1/3 of one percent of sodium rielnoleate on the basis of oil as 100$* This type of emulsion may be useful in oil treatments of pigments* On %e basis of preliminary experiments only, the following observations are made:* Apparently B-63*D pigment in a mixture of blown castor oil and water is hot? wet preferentially by the oil. When mixed in the colloid mill with 100$ Of oil it produces an emulsion of castor 011*in*water with the pigment probably at the Interface, i*e* there in no transfer of the pigment from the water phase to the oil Such ah.emuision will mix with several hundred percent Still^ld'watcr as ttht e outer phase* DUP050316175 -3* -ilthol Red and Chrome Yellow (standard colors) readily transfer from water to an upper layer of an oil while Iron Blues apparently go to the interfaces However, upon standing the Chrome Yellow seems to return to the interface* Blown castor oil inks (1:1) of Lithol Red, RT-364-D were prepared according to the following scheme and ground in a urea formaldehyde formula, the final enamels Being compared for gloss with one made in the usual way, namely ball milling the dry pigment with the other mill base ingredients* The preparation of the three samples was discussed in the August report (Exp* 483-4). A* '14% oil added to slurry in colloid mill, subse quently filtering drying and adding enough oil on ink mill to give 1:1 ratio ( 2 passes over mill), B* Ink (1:1) made in WP mixer from press eake and castor oil, part of the water being poured off and the re mainder flushed out on the ink mill (4 passes}* C* Ink (1:1) made on ink mill from dry color and oil (4 passes) * D* Bry eolor and oil added in ball mill* Standard procedure* C, A and B have similar gloss and are much better than Dj in other words it appears that roller mill grinding prior to the final preparation of the mill base by ball milling results in better gloss than is obtained by simply ball milling the dry pigment and vehicles* BTFERTMENTAL DETAILS*. Notebook #483* --~ 4S|W5* Preparation of dry samples of RT-364-B flushed into Dulux resins* ;?;-5A - Dry control* :$35B - PfcTp control. 10% f BBC-95377, RC-253 linseed oil) SB - 10% 73* RC-141(33% linseed oil-standard acid number^* 5E - 10^ 75. RC-141 (62% linseed oil- high acid number) * 5F - ft TT 74. RC-203 (53% linseed oil) 5 - ft ft 75. RC-206 (40% linseed oil) 5N - ft ft 79* 150% castor oil) 51 - !J ft 78. RC-S31 (50% cocoanut oil}* DUP050316176 *3* . Preparation of pulp samples of b -63-E with approximately 2*5, 10 and 20$ of blown castor oil added in colloid mill 485-1?* Orientation experiment on preparation of emuldions and mechanism of flushing# t i ,' 0 rnfTi'iioif Trim mrnrimimthnMwtfii~iiiiiiY DUP050316177 SUBMITTED BTt AFP10V1D BY: mmsm. FILE: PHYSICAL 8TUPLSS Ba t e : Se p t e mb e r 1S3&. The work m toy fineness has been eentinucd, eovsrlns (a) control none for the Float (B) iynoicl testa for the uwolopaant Section, industrial Engineering atlitti etc. and (e) general studios on tits fineness of our own ana oonpetlttg* products. This report is concerned chiefly with the last li** results of tests on various type* eTe given below* The screening method 44841) iescrlhed to the previous report as applicable to all colors but yellows has continued to give reasonably satisfactory results. While open to possible criticises to certain respects, it is piston* to continue with it for the present. For yellows. It was assessor? to work out a further modification, (4040) wfclefc canprlaes stirring the coder with & litho varnish prior to the addition of toners* spirits* it gives results which are apparently duplicable. little has hop dene on the of dry fineness tod tinctorial quality. *n occasional : grinding has an adverse offset on strength (medium yellows, iron blues) , to others there is little or1 no cohangeo lUe.g. Im and to still others le.g, certain lakes) an| increase, tore attention rill, need to he given to this guuaailtion as to# we.tfi _ The toporttoci hf fine grinding to the oase^ or drys dispersible. pigments has hen snpBaslsed elsewhere, . . , the purposes to following arradtomBto^itoptowdtef- to available for only a few of these' m tests which wets runbelng tor cento the pitots pulverisation studies* ton those Is eeuldercble variation not ^Mitoitotonfc dHjjjjtototo frggjglfc toe ease if aadiu* .nore coarse than others* if' K&' .ffe. Yariaue into to *9|"$ ground In ton new plant set-up Bowed sons differences Bit were toner than standard. However, the latter la net especially eearec. Ti Into of tom Yellow, IMMgtoB gave figures of 4,06 tod d,86$ against :10*to fir the standard. . inly one etopetitlvs ehrwe yellow has Been enatoned te^djtg^ a^lUH^a-Wllliatts product, 3-89*98* St gave a total of DUP050316178 Xrlaroee YiU|, Y-S03-D, SB-40888 LewonYellow, T*10-Bf 3D-400S8 Med. Yellow, T-800-D, SB-47015 Bed. Yellow, Y-800-B, SD-04755 Itod. Yellow, 1-888-8, 81M400Y X44, Yellow, 88-48808 w*e m --**-- gQO ggtl oa ggg X X X X 18.0 0.18 X X X X X 4.70 X 8.38 X 7.88 X 88.8 X 00.8 XX 4.88 8.04 8,88 7.88 88.8 60.8 X 84.84 Qhroae Or sat# Lt, Y0-*7->,SD-40t*8 - * SB. 10*85-8, SB-40964 88.81 18.88 8.>07 4.88 88.80 fc.00 1.88 0.0 1.8 0.08 Zlae Yellow, Y-840-8, SB-40884 X X X 18.07 18.07 Rotoi X * mi 4etral&e4. atetolto ftft kmrt 1* 1* probably not possible to Srtaft ekroae from ti fine to otter ptaunte. Our grease are apparently net no ooaree so either XOperial* ear Baited* a. G-871-D to differeet ehaaloal type. Half <at Q0 MX rotml on o -s o o -b , sn-tfoa 88HWft*i. 0-808-B, 8MWI- S-j n..V/v^ Ui4 9.4 4*0 ns 8.0 7.0 ' *.8^11.0 S,S 0.0 no 13*1 li.o ^no 9S.4 31.8 Baited c-87*70 (it.) 0-87811 pel*} 04wt mJ 0,7 18*0 10*^17.0 4.0 18,8 1S,1 lft.8 8,8 18.7 11,8 17.0 40.1 41.1 4,i o^xrwo 0-18107 10.8 *.* nf 8*1 18.8 18.8 10S 80.0 17,0 1S.8 10.1 81,8 18.0 1S.0 10.8 40.0 18.0 18.8 17.4 80.0 0-871-B (Imperial) 0.0 1.8 *4;. * -C- DUP050316179 sgwj? . rp-sr. '~?r J*' % ' iii,.,fcim. OaO tf law plant sill* (#*) 1 Mt up far flao grlading of rod*. and a mrnbar of rad lakos fearo feoan grouad. s o b* of t&# rtaulta w prosaatod btiwv with tfeoao for tho atandaxd for ooapariaon* RL-811-B, SB-44W . KL-B11-B. lot #488*8 Sold on fatal on ___ n_____m-jm 8m-------- as X 7*8 0.1 0*8 8.0 8*8 18.1 0.8 0.8 1.8 h p-w -b stt. lot mm K?-887B, lot #48014 0*8 0*1 0*8 0*8 0.7 0.0 1.0 1.8 88..58 w s-*s 7-d 8X-187-B, lot 480*1 KB-sts-o, T' HB-5W-B; SOt 44*87 , RL-884-D* SB-48508 XL-88<W9, lot 48818 *1 8.9 1X *X X * *8 1.7 w 8.8 X 8.8 0.4 S8.9 0.4 X X. 00..88 0o..8t 4.8 1.8 4.8 8.9 88.8 9.8 , t ** flora is"a aonaldamtla variation totjraan oar variopi rad tenor standarda, Littei Bod* T-#d4-D b*lng, for axvrpla, quit# tflno and tla Kaxooaa suit* ooarao. for mm of too eolora, raaulta or raoont grinds to ft mil ara giran. Tjrpleal aenpatltlvo oolora ara llatad at tfea and. RT-tt-, B&48889 R*-it-B# lot 44It* BT-818-D, 88i*8t: KS-S18-B* lot 48988 IBS . total OB - WO - MS__ X8S__ 1.1 4.8 8.0 ' 8.8 10.8 18.1 18.8 . taf 41.8 08*.88 iit 1.8 8.8 8.8 88*.88 84.8 11*8 00..90 8*4 I4t 8*7 0.04 4.9 11.8 8.88 8*88 X X ' X , 01*.18 01..01 8NH4, SB-47088 aB-4toos .Sot 18.4 18.8 8.7 8*8 81.8 *0.7 08 10.8 8*4 89..98 4.8 4*8 0189..98 f &A. "s .-* r' DUP050316180 BT-8S8-D. 38*41997 RT-SB8-D, lot 48018 RT-884-B, 31-44877 RT-884-B, lot 48044 RT-831-B, SB-41778 HT-881-0, lot 48041 Halt m Total on JBSL__ iH. -522--m___ aift 14,4 1,9 19,1 7.4 9.8 9.3 7,0 7.8 88.8 83.8 14,4 0,1 11,3 0.4 5,0 4.1 0.7 1.4 88,0 8.4 88.0 0,8 100,.41 7.8 8.8 41.7 0.7 1,8 3,0 RT-347-D, SD-44685 88,0 31.4 18.4 10,6 47,4 RT-354-B, SB-40881 45,4 RT-348-8, 88-48771 80,8 Xspariala X-1098,G-84745 0,3 (RT-844-1 tfpo) X-1094, 0-84748 0,8 (RT-Me-B typo) " Oosoa Toaar, 6-84800 8,4 * Sottota Mm 4808. 88,0 0-87808 Sioux Karoos, 0-88908 11,4 " X 1898 (JW-S81-D tjrpa) 88,8 80,8 14.8 1.1 8,0 11,4 88.1 8899..88 7*9 7,8 7.8 8.1 0.9 8.4 8.0 8.7 9.8 10,0 10.4 9,7 13.8 14.0 9.4 10.8 81,1 83.4 4*7 18.3 84*8 47*8 89.1 43*3 Harno* Tiatorla Karoon.0-88804 14*88 * * Zlfrax Marooa.9-S4607 14*84 Fanabos Karoos, 0-84880 89.0 81.80 84.44 88.1 10.88 18.44 11.9 11.88 18*48 10*4 40.S 47X4.H4 *3d^BMw UxKimuu x#48iwyaiioinKmxi4i4 * **IBfxaggj rtoaahotaniiatla lal* Tosara rigoioo gLrm fealow for atasdard Sf-98-1) &* S*100*1) roll aa hr ayaalal aaaplea of tba lattar, bljt apa#4 pulrariia*. . / ll on Total on b*-9*-b . >. BT-100-B, a------Mb-^b "tb^r fi4 io .b 10*1 uut 4i. BT-100-B, lot 14800, tfifttrai. 8 for BT-7447, lot 4884 {8*8*) 8 * 88.1 n v 8 4*8 8 8 RRDiPO farthar datalla my * found Is notebook 484* R.B. SEHSLGf DUP050316181 PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT pflTWT CONSISTENCIES MODIFIED STORM VISCOMETER Submitted bys Approved by* Pile: DSEBICAL STOPB36. SEPT. 1935* * DTTROSTJC TI OBf An orientation study lias been carried out on the use of a modified Stormer Viseosimeter for measuring consistency of colored ready-mixed paints (linseed oil and synthetic types}* The method recommended by the Lithopone Department was followed, using the paddle-modified Stormer instrument* Consistencies, by this method, are given numerical values on an arbitrary scale which grades paints from 5 N (thin) up to 10, then down from 9*9 K to 3K (thick) * An Instrument (with paddle) has been calibrated against - an viscosimeter in the Lithopone Department* A special paddle, for use in one-sixty fourth gallon cans, has been constructed* The purpose of this report is to summarize the work done and make recommendations as to the use and limitations of the instrument* SIMMAPT A late model (serial #1242) Stormer Viscometer was used, with a standard paddle, illustrated below, replacing the Stormer cup* ' DUP050316182 -8 Tlie instrument was calibrated against a lithopon.8 viscometer (serial 1207) by running paints of various consistencies, and adjusting the depth of immersion of the Jfaddle until cheek results were obtained* The correct depth of immersion was then marked on the paddle* A special paddle was designed for use in one-sixty fourth gallon cans* This was similar to the standard paddle, except that the distance between the two paddles was reduced from one inch to one-half inch* While results are not as reliablefwith the larger paddle, it is sometimes necessary to use it because of a limited amount of material* Results obtained with the small paddle are comparative only* The paint to be tested is contained in a pint or half pint can, and is thoroughly stirred before testing* The can is placed on the stand of the instrument, and the stand raised until the level of the paint is up to the immersion mark on the paddles* Weights are applied and readings taken} the weights are adjusted until a reading falls between 8 and 36 seconds per 100 revolutions* The reading can then be translated into consistency by reading from the attached chart (page 4 ) The testing method as ftarnished by the lithopone department is 'appended to this report* Many of the paints examined fell outside the chart originally furnished by the lithopone department; an additional column for consistencies calculated from a 50 gram driving weight was therefore added to the chart* In some eases a smaller weight must be used, but it is felt that such results will not be accurate, and must necessarily be considered as approximations* A variation in plus or minus one second per 100 revolutions or three-tenths of a consistency unit, is considered a satisfactory limit of accuracy* In the orientation work, several variations were studied* Container size appeared to have no appreciable effeotr-if over 2-1/2 inches in diameter* The depth of the paddle immersion should be to 1/52* accuracy; a specially designed depth gauge attached to the instrument makes this `accuracy a simple matter* Temperature , of the paint is important,,, and should be carefully controlled at approximately 2SC v (a 1CJ . LITSQPOHB RESEARCH CPERSISTENCY TEST PROCEDURE; The paint to be tested is thoroughly stirred with the spatula* This has a dual function* It insures a uniform mix ana prevents the determination of afalse consistency due to improper breaking down of any artificial temporary body that may have been established* Such a practice is of particular importance in the ease of flats or reactive formulas* Such mediums tend to develop a structure temporarily approximating the gel state* It is sometimes difficult to break these up except by prolonged agitation* Consistency may he adversely affected by failure to observe this precaution* DUP050316183 3 Lf It is particularly recommended that this procedure be followed in sons latency determinations in the 11590 medium* This vehicle is relatively nonreaetive. It has a tendency, however, common to flats, to set up temporarily on storage* This condition yields to agitation* The temperature is taken by complete immersion of the thermometer for a period of 30 sec* before readings are made* All samples are corrected to 23C, this being the point selected for consistency determination* In cold weather the paints may be set near a steam coil to bring them up to temperature. In warm weather it is often neees&ary to use an ice bath to bring them down to temperature* A Its variation is permissible but should be avoided if possible, especially in thick consistency paints* Hawing the paint thoroughly mixed and at the correct temperature, the can is set on the small moveable platform on the viscometer* The set screw is loosened and the platform raised until the paddles are immersed in the paint exactly to the indented lines on the blades* The platform is held in this position by means 6f a set serew* The viscometer is set on the edge of a table so that the eord with the wire hook may run free of obstruction* Sufficient weights are hung on the eord to insure an even rotation of the wheel* The time required for fifty rotations is noted by means of the small dial indication on the viscometer* This is clocked with a stop wateh* This value is multiplied by two giving the time in seconds per hundred revolutions of the paddle*-* {See below) The weights should be so adjusted that the number of seconds necessary for one hundred revolutions of the paddle fall between 26 and 36* Outside these limits the readings are not accurate* An arbitrary system designed to indicate aj j onslatency range has been set up for use in conjunction with this'opearation* By referring to this chart the consistency of the paint is determined, in units of thinness or thickness* CARS Off YISCOKBTEBt To insure constant efficient functioning of the instrument certain precautions must be taken* It must be kept clean at all times, all paint being removed from paddles and other removable parts* At least onee a month the instrument should be completely taken apart, cleaned and oiled* At all times a 5 gram weight attached to the cord should be sufficient to induce motion of the wheel* * It is recommended that time for a full 100 revolutions be taken rather than 5(T as recommended here. H.G.Y. DUP050316184 H 53$ p ip * It O vi- H < #*? *3 B S3 e O *1 *1 p* <*e 44 fj *# - 15" j*( Hw' o o> o. S*to W to o co to No* o CO -in in o CO o in i 'ttf CO* o isnH CO * o o Mto* o o* 3 w AS &- 04 CD co 0 CO 00 8 M o0 CO CO 0 o o Mto O * o> o> o0 go> o H c 8* 8 o> o> 3o go * o> o> 3 gm 4* o ca in CO CD c m gCO o CO te! to e E> o CM a <3 oIO; c- to to H 12! CS gco* * o to to to o to P 3* 8 o tac*s # to tO to to CD tO to to in in in in in H in c> to to to 3 <0 og tO &o> in in in g CD in gin in to gCO 3 * in in * 8 in t# x* o in in 8 * in 3 in 8 in o& S co % to x# x* O* a co a tO 9 a x* to in to n CM *> GO O 3 o O 03 -a* CO ftro- 1EQ0 in in itno 0] to to O(O oCM cCMo . &CMx OCM iCnM C<4M1 *9 DUP050316185 3~- COLOR PIGMBHT RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: /7 * FILE: RUBBER "dOLORC DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935 IMRODUCTIOH A dry color substitute for DuPont Rubber Blue YD (P.T.a . of Victoria Blue R) has been given some study during the past month in the laboratory* SUMMARY AMD CONCLUSIONS Some months ago a specially treated and extended BT-125-D (CS-7759) was prepared as a substitute for Blue YD0 It was open to two objections, namely, it was somewhat greener than Blue YD and it exhibited a bleed when the rubber was cured in contact with parchment paper whieh was undesirable. More recently, we have obtained, from the Rubber Laboratory, the formula used in preparing the pulp from which Blue ID is made* iBhen this toner is suitably treated and extended (combinations of Dhponol, Blanc Fixe, and Diglycal Stearate) it is identical with Blue YD in shade hut somewhat weaker* Some study has been made of the method and degree of extension without, however, giving any substantial improvement* It appears that the -* Blanc Fixe may be added in a reslurried form to the finished toner containing DuPonol or it may be added by Precipitating the sulfate ion from the eeid in the F,T*A. by striking with BaClo* The latter method appears somewhat more consistent and is probably somewhat simpler in manipulation with no appreciable disadvantage in cost of materials. Hence it will be used in the future. ? Inasmuch as there is some question as to availability of Victoria Blue R, it is planned to study the possibility of shading Victoria Pure Blue BO with Methyl "Violet to obtain the desired shade* The weakness of the Blue YD toner is a distinct disadvantage Therefore we plan to prepare the following colors and ask the Rubber Laboratory to ehoose between them. , I. Blue YD formula - Victoria Blue R as above. 2* Blue YD formula - Blue BO with Methyl Violet* 3. CS*7736 formula - Blue BO with Methyl Violet. This is an improved BT-125-D, 4, Molybdo-Vanadate formula - Blue BO with Methyl Violet* A careful study of costs as well as properties, must be made to guide the Rubber Laboratory in their selection. DUP050316186 -"S*. - ** -.: - #*'* *. . SXPSRIMSIITAL I3B&ILa See notebook tf46l pp* 154-159# 461-48 - An attempt to use dry Blanc Fixe reslurried and added to the finished P.T.A. toner, in place of striking with BaClg, in the 46-C method {Blue ID method using Victoria Blue R) indicates there is little choice between the methods of adding extenders. An attempt to increase the strength by uaing less Blanc Fixe results, however, in poor dispersion in rubber* 4S-B and C show no parchment bleed and are very close to Blue ID in strength though somewhat weak* * 461-49 -- Xn this series the 48--G method (Blue ID formula with reslurried Blanc Fixe) was modified by using higher dye solution volume, direct strike and a simpler method of preparing the F,T#a # solution# There appears to be little to choose from between these methods tinctorially# The last method is the easiest in manipulation and willbe used in future experiments* It appears that 4 parts of 49-D equal 3 parts of Blue ID and is substantially identical in shade# ; 461-50 - A further comparison of reslurried Blanc Fixe with pre cipitation in the mixture shows a very slight advantage in favor of the latter. Inasmuch as it is somewhat easier to handle, with little- ' difference in eost, it will be used hereafter# Further attempts to use* less extender continue to yield poor dispersion in rubber# t ii 1 y 4K -enter# DUP050316187 js~-3>y PTftfflEKT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT RED T.AKTB FOB RUBBER. RL-4Q7-P /?2- SUBMITTED BYid%Z&e*S~Jb. fW-B g BK~ <rra^KS PILE: MMiiiWi F'LakoB APPROVED BY: / DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. INTRODUCTION A large charge of this lake was made in the SemiWorks to fill an order from the Rubber Division. Standard formula was employed. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS The produet obtained was yellower than standard both by rubout and rubber test. Shading with about 17# of RL-408-D, the Calcium Lithol, gave the desired blueness when rubbed out but had little effect on the rubber test. However, due- to urgency of the order the shaded material was bfeipped to the Rubber Division. < t 4400 Higher speed of grinding, 6800 R.P.E* instead of did not improve dispersion in rubber. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS. * 1'I.B. 353 p. 103 SW-7310 - 3 X SW 6853 (0.6 mol charge) Gradings are vs RL-407-D #4086. Ground at 4400 R.P.N* 1/16" Screen Stirrup Hammers* Rubout - light s.brt., s.yellow, 3.strong, yellow, clean* Rubber Test - 10# strong; yellow. Lot 4301 - 310# SW-7310, 58# HL-408-D; 19.5# Blanc Fixe. Rubout - v*a.dark, brt., v,s,wg, v.s.strong, . blue* Rubber Dost - v.s.strong, s.yellow* A. 10* * * Lot 4299 - 50# Of SW-7310 Ground at 6800 B.P.M., 0*035" Herringbone Screen. Rubout - s.lt** 8s brt., yellow, 0oK, yellow, clean Rubber Test - 10# strong, ye* llow. DUP050316188 SOLOR EESIABCH REPORT PARA.RED * BIDE SHADE SUBMITTED BY: appr o ved by : HaTRODUCTIQH L FILE: PARA' -REDS * */'/ DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935* as Para problem was continued, attention being directed, (a) upon the diazotisation of P,N*A. and (B) the function of monosulfonic Acid F* SUMMARY AND G0MGLU510HS (A) By a study of such physical properties as crystalline form, color, solubility and. melting point, and such chemical properties as dissociation in concentrated SCI solution yielding F*B*A* and ' P*H*A,, diazo (spot tested with B) , the yellow solid commonly occurring in the diazoMhatiqn of P.H.A* has been shown to he the dihzoamino compound* flfibidols* J-G*S. 4,9* 627; 51* 439). . This substance exhibited certain pigment properties* It did not lose strength on drying, was green and s* dirty compared * with Hansa Yellow in masstone* lit undertone it was attractive, eleah and green. Its hiding power was about equal and it was only sligh^1-' weak in extension*' However, ih 1*50 extension it turned dark and fourty-five minutes in the Pademmeter* J It is insoluble in water and oaustic, (It gives . purple color in caustic suspension* ef preceding report on color test for Para F) and for that reason it3 presence is to be avoids in the dlazodsatiom of P**A* since this yellow will remain in tb pigment* Experiment a ti oh is planned to determine, in a quant i tat way, the influenea.of this substance on the tinctorial properties of RT22DAdKteMedftloidal properties of the diazo amino compouj Will probably produce softer and more readily f ilterod^producta* RT22B should no t he markedly weakened by small amount of this substance* v % -W " .1 ' As improved method (jfg76*44j of diazotisation was in which the JsrA. was diasblVbd. in' H1 and -precipitated therefrom as the hydroehlrifp at room temperature by volume control* The final volume is not increased above that used 4ih the RT*7J) or CS-6673 procedures. It has been demonstrated that the new method of diazoti* sation is exactly equivalent to the more involved, more expensive and slower heating and chilling method of KTA7CMD. The Calco shipment (R.M.B. 611} of F.EftA* consistently gave clear solutions by this method* However, equally good results, were hot obtained with the Sherwin- Williams F.H.A* now available* A series was run in which the Sherwin- Williams* product and, the aj|qo Rj^iB. 611 _were compared by the new - method, the RT70-B and CS*6o73- methods* The new method gage results exactly analogous to RT-7G-D, both being superior to,the C3-6673 method of diazotisation from the standpoint of the amount of solid in the diazo as well as the tinctorial properties of the Para Reds resulting* DUP050316189 A series run anymore recent shipments of Clalco P.H.a * indicated them to be somewhat fjEgerior to the Sherwin-Williams product, but not up to their 1933 sthadarS* The solid occurring in these diazos are apparently impurities in the P.H.A., and not the diazo amino compound resulting from improper diazotisation* A series i planned to determine the influence of these impurities on the tinetoridl properties of RT-22-B and RT-7Q-E. (B) The study of the blue shades imparted to Para Reds by the incorporation of small amounts of monosulfonic acid in the B.H. component was continued# Following the suggestion indicated in last month's report, a series was run to study the influence of coupling pH. Coupling in acid media gives products which are light in mas'stone and yellow in tint. The product is still of an ST-^O-P type, and. since the differences observed are within 10-15&, it is inferred that the indicator action of eo-preoipitated Para F is responsible only to this extent for the blue shades imparted# Para F was prepared under conditions approximating its formation in RT-70-B and isolated as the sodium salt# Its barium salt may have pigment properties* p Since optional conditions for the coupling of P.H.A# diazo to B.H# may not he those best suited to the coupling of the same diazo with F add, a pH-volume series was run and the methods were evaluatid in terms of yields. In future work (see succeeding paragraphs) the Para F will be evaluated in terms of the dark Para Reds obtainable# ' . A series was run in which the Para F was allowed to remain In the pigment in one experiment; in the second and third experiments the Bara. F was removed by caustic and hot water respectively# The caustic treatment gave promising results' tine tor ially, removing not only Para F but e-xsess JJ.sr* She pigmeifTTras"bright in masstone, strong and blue in tint* and soft. The presence of Para F has been shown to increase the hardness of t&e pigment. The hot water extraction of Para F is impracticable and tends to weaken the product# Ink tests are Ipfing made and Fulux grinds are-under way to determine if the Para F ipjpsnt in. RT-70-B is a.disturbing factor* A series was run in which barium salt formation of Para F was studied. This treatment produces softer pigments which are light and yellow in masstone, equal in tint, and stronger than untreated products. Ink evaluations and lacquer grinds are being undertaken. It is now demonstrated that the blue shades imparted to Para Reds are due to Para f - formation* If Para F be used in place of Mono/Acid F, blue Fare Red of the Rf-7Q<D type are obtained* The Para F must be added to tfa# B*|f* component prior to coupling* Adding the Bara F after the coupling process produces RT-22-D types of color* It is of theoretical interest'that Para F, blue in the alkaline B.H* solution, is co-Fetbipitated with the B.H* upon the addition of j 3 19 i ! j ' mnm srr.; DUP050316190 wm. rtfsJ-. sodium bicarbonate, the eolor changing from, blue to red, -These findings offer interesting possibilities for speculation," It seems not improbable that a procedure may be developed whereby an RT-22-D color may be prepared or converted to an RT-70-D type by the simple and easily controlled addition of Para F, Indeed a variety of shades may be obtainable by the regulation of the Para F consumed, RIPERIMEHTAL DETAILS See notebook #276* Series 276-42: The influence of coupling pH on the blueness of the ton^r. Comparison of acid and alkaline coupling. Series 276-43: The diazoamino compound occurring in the diazotisation of P*H*a , and its pigment properties. Series 376-44: The new method of diazotisation of P*N.A* and a preliminary preparation of Para F, Series 276-45: The presence and absence of Para F in the pigment. Preliminary preparation of barium salt. Series 276-46: Barium salt formation of Para F present in Para Red, Series 376-47: Comparison of Methods of diazotisation using samples of Caleo's R.MoBo&ll and Sherwin-Williams*, Series 376-48: Replacement of Mono acid F by Para F - points in procedure at which added. Series 276-49: Comparison of &alco samples of*P.N,a , by diazotisation method: pS of coupling in Para F formation* DUP050316191 IHTRODUCTIOK Sr the; 0*1*1$* MiipiiawMiiMi continued along the lias8 of the:and' formula* However, this method was abandoned in fever which employed Hono Acid F Instead of Sehaeffer* s salt* An InldroitdSg product was obtained by a straight TOB BH soiling which iise rSfclived sou attention* SUHliABT ASS CQNEL1FSX0HB Last month*s report mentioned the development of the 478*8SB formula ski eh eonsiated of from Tobias Aeid and beta naphtbol containing a ikaeff*rr s salt* Its i advantages over Rf**579P (fB and tere good dupllcability i ..j.-t'V' and batter dispersion in jnWNte'' y the superiority of f 4?a*38B vas slight* IffOft* sere de this nonth to Increase the depth* brightness* strength andli jtfabt&ese of 478*388 to at lea the equal ef 4dl8^A (TPl ind buffered alkaline coupl Variations in tkoearcoss of. sodium nitrite in the ' '0i apparently had no effeet* Tfth She formation of the hltroao eompound of Schaeffer's , Salt and subsequent addition to theijpfs, tiaphthol solution had a negligible offset* as veil as the ftnTene Sulphate treated aitrees compound* . ...* -v v..k- " _> * -t . .. ' Im the sours of the a^udy ef the effect of the pn oompkund of Schaeffer's ftalf*. * eotttrol vae Included which only Tobias AOId $< produet vae ob n eurprs*$gxy goo t bright In m&ssten* and In strength to Tpfctf to prepare a ealeium lithel b# the use of alone had resulted in li($t and dull g&aatsase apt the ase*sulphlte presses! # mamma' briefly la an attempt to obtain masstones* softs salt before striking with calcium liierifte haft' ' et* Increasing the temperatore of strike. stones and low strength* This method- a].............. nasstent ealeium litbol for printing intik soft eng good dispersing eolor for rubber* Sehaeffer*s salt fe decided to seek a nemo Add l* tried in eoniuneticn with befta naphfhOl 4Tg*83B fOMla* the active* Therefore BL dye were toad of Schaeffer* s salt, in DUP050316192 & optimum offset obtained with Mono Acid T was onsiderabXy,teitten than that from Schaeffer's salt* The product from th8 fnwjp^'WBa darker* brighter* yellower and 10% stronger than 472-aSB, HaSlver* it was also harder in textures Beplaeement of para soap with diglycol stearate gave very soft texture but the brightness of the masstone was impaired* A mixture of para soap and D*G.S. gave satisfactory brightness and texture as wsll The rubber dispersion of this produet 478-4SB was not very good* Such treatments as extending with blase fixe* calcium carbonate and colloid milling in the presents of mineral spirits* were effective in producing Improvement* in rubber dispersion but not sufficient to match B1-40B-B in strength* This product 472-42B, however* should prove to he satisfactory for printing ink and point purposes* The addition of a small amount BOB to the beta naphthol gave about equal depth to BT-379-B and apparently good texture* This method will be studied further* depth* Hello Bordeaux Bt dye gays`only a Slight increass in - future work will be baaed upon the 4T2-32B formula* which involves regular Tobias Aeld and straight beta naphthol* with the obJest of obtaining a satisfactory eolor for rubber either in toner form or as a lake extended With blane fixe* In addition* the Mono Aoid 7 formula* 472-42 will be studied further for the prime purpose of developing a ealelum lithol toner satisfactory for printing ink and paint* The effect of adding separately prepared TGB and Mono Aoid 7 dye will be studied* as well as the effest of slurry mixing RT-363-B (Calcium lake Bordeaux B) and the ealelum loner of Hello Bordeaux Bif mrpmiMIHTAL DETAILS Hotebook #478* page 72-98, 83B) (2*5** Study of increasing sodium-4trit* (based on Increase) Ho considerable influence* 10% increase gave a sll^tt tendency tp&n more yellowish tint* . SHries investigated the effect of nolftraospoosaseinb-leh*!gfyoiMrmsaatioltn- of nitres! Behaweofrfeermsadaeltwaisthathdeesveimewpopaoltiinetm product of BreeiO&'eis acid (referring to the T6B * TOBW - Beta naphthol formula 461-23A) in presence of excess nitrite* 472-S2C - made as a centre! using TCB Bag* - beta naphthol without sny iatblinedia^io determine the effeetlvenose of nltroso compound as a ddrSeiilng medium* 88*. 43 a Studies (baaed on 88-6} on the effect of increasing the"temperature of strike* Also effect of agoing sodium salt before striking* ID, ' DUP050316193 'V ' *treMi* in ihoreased strifca' temperature as well as ageing 8odlsgdglpi$'iisalte#-; in darker duller and weaker material; ageing was &Jiptly |ftas ;.eif?eotlTe. *36* Studied effust of shortening agitation tlna { based on 33-B formula). Shortening agitation Una fron 60 mins. to IS mins, resulted 1m-wU. darker but t&tMm produet of bluer tint* t^BNSSgr.,* Siplaaenent' ft" S8$nefer Salt by mono acid 7 j resulted In in masstone. This may be due to the ohafcai^jfliy^prbf the-:dy^^^Sm^ by T@B aono-seid'* eoupllng.vhle^'la^^P^P^atly'bN^liNr than the equivalent from Shhaeffer salt# _____ Series on inorease in mono acid 7* Effective to a eertain ,w apparently only a eertain mutant of the colloidal ealeium salt beeaefit absorbed by thellthol soda salt. "tarmono, sold 7 (formal* S7B* 1.6 gr. mono sold 7)- . ~ w-~. of i-n--c---u--r-e--i-s--i-a--g- t--he soft--ne__s__s__o__f__t_e_x__tu__r_e__*- Addition of mineral spirit in large quantity (55%. of dry. color yield) to slurry after strUbi* before development (hasting to 70 and keat for. 10 mine*) dolor particles seemed to be uniformly enclosed wit mineral spirit as they floated to the surfaon# HO. considerable improvmeat in texture was notleed os%the. dried. pigment* 478~89.f Bffort to soften texture (based o r 37-B formula) by extreme washing with hot water* Sample washed 81 times (each time with one lifer HgG of dare) did not show any improvements in texture nor showed changes in tinotorial properties compared with jimrUeol washed d time'e ,wlf|: bold water* > Q^s __,__ Beifi.es extending the Ca toner (based on 87MB warns amid 7} .nvestigatathe comparison in dispersion with tho B1408B< *' ^0lpeBfta In dispersion were obtained by extending with .aid eelOiu* earbmate but did npt reaoh dispersion prop*i#s of ... addition of min**'*!- -spirit *' (-85% of dry to Slurfy after uuanohing end eolloid mill press bake appears very ioft and fluffy hot ^Smrimprovement in dispersion in rubber Blglyoo s to the d resulted naphthoic acid" Bordeaux wittt^the^ . para soap and replacement' in pafa soap is detrimental ..R'by diglycol steersto in torture and dispersion* . *<&/. t* mono sold 7 by beta oxy of 00-pradipitating Hello il&e*d. ---a ' .*v<vw :: ' * * * ?*9d& pf .V :>* DUP050316194 7^^WM :VC*? fi:.-i.:\ : ^:'^"v \ gifeimT *mm ifemsi b b po b t jar- 5-JO CAECUM LITHQL TOMBS Bg-3?g-D Aim R?-3rft-tt SUBMITTED APPROVED BY* $a >--JZ..// PUS: TiTTTTCT.'B DATE: ^BECSMSER-1935 nrEBCPPCTiay Plant production on these colors was low during the month, four hatches of RT-379-B and one hatch of HT-300-D for rubber being made. Reports are available on all' five batches. SUMMARY & cantSJlO&ZQBB Control On the RT-379-D formulation seems to he going along smoothly, light and dark hatches being made as desired for shading purposes. Formulas used were those that have been giving satisfac tory results in plant production over the past few months. In the last batch hade this month, variations in the amount ' of TOB5f and in the alkalinity of the coupling were introduced in an . effort to secure an OK to v.s. dark top-tone. Slurry results were satisfactory, the material being s. dark versus the standard but grind results were light in masstone. A satisfactory 4S8 lb. mix has been made consuming stumps of r light material together with part of one of the t Ut batches made this month. Production is tabulated in Thble I and mix results in Table II, The RT-30Q-D batch for rubber was made on the standard K-7038 formulation which has given satisfactory material for rubber over the past few months. Results were again satisfactory, the batch being OK for the rubber trade. Production is tabulated in Table III. \ DUP050316195  <rt 4 o 5> ,, * 3* go O* f0c0- I 2 *3 <0 * ts IIs in CO * o pH +O 09 q I fco 0 fa tt 1S5 + C s fa I* rt I IS a CO 00 "Cf* CO a * 2 Si >. fa IS fa* g IH *H H *H & i Mm H* *a H fc ft* %o aa a *p t O > & a * <2 S o aH pH O 8 rH CO s CO + H r-C pH H pH pH H - CO H a* CO rH VI H tn in IA w HM ffl p6h 4 5 n to in J3I to o pH 4 O in moo 40 pH H J in in w H 0 < cs C* to co m mm h* fl e *rt 4> H O ti .* s is s I Ho s t f a$ *H V. *o C3_ * I* I M 8 S3 - M fe s ^fetn in ^ h ca cj g* in *ts o3 CV} CO pH CO tv** OoHn o s t. i? s 3 32 * OC<O0k t o Sn a OS to 8 o 51 a a$ I l * * CO *H S?i US -t o84 o I" CCOO m E X P E R IM E N T A L D E T A IL S N .B . 4 3 3 , p a g e s 1 8 9 -1 9 0 DUP050316196 3^- ni PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT BARIUM LITHOL. RT*564*B SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: 6 FILE: fclTSOLS DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935* EETTRO PPG TI OH Jive batches of RT-564* were made in the plant during September, o important changes were made in the formula except that the Proctor and Schwartz Dryer was again used for drying instead of the Brick Dryer* SUMMARY ftED COHCLUSIOES. Some of the production lacked the brightness usually obtained but this was apparently eorreeted by an increase in amount of Para Soap* One batch became quite weak in processing but as only a vat control sample was taken the cause could not be determined* A cheek run on a dark strong batch requested by the Sales Service Laboratory was noticeably browner in masstone and may not be satis factory* In this case also the use of more Para Soap may be helpful* A 1590# mix of RT-364-D of material made during the past two months was nevertheless bright in masstone* mssmimsTAL d e t a il s N.B* 385, p. 152 4 45132 - 0*75 mol - 13# PFqara Soap - v.s*mnddy; v.s.yell, 0*K s*yell* 45167 45200 * m 0*75 0*75 " - IS# " - 13# It ft ft * slt.* flat; vs.yell, G.K, yell* . m s,dk.muddy, v.s.bl., wk., blue* 45265 - 1*0 mol - 32# ft T - s*dk, v,s,brt, s,yell, s.str. s. yell & el* 45312 - 1.0 " - 24# * ft ft 44 dk*&muddy ye11* stri a.yell* - Tobias acid lot 151 and 153 is now being used* v |r - / - a jViEr'. nifliMiiiti DUP050316197 BARIUM DUOL TOTTER. RT2B5.P AND RT-242-P SUBMITTED BY: %%*** APPROVED BY: ^ILE: DUOTsS- ^/ DATE: SETPEMBER 1935. IWTORUDTIOH * Production on both these Duol Toners waaffairly high during the month, a total of five batches of RT-283-D and three batches of RT242*D iseing made. Dark material was required for shading in the case of the RT~283B and light material in the ease of the BT-242-D# SUMMARY AED CONCLUSION'S j The first batch of RT~28J3*B was made using a formula oheeicing the standard except fer an increase of three pounds in the L ' caustic soda in the coupling (102# - 105#} and a 15 pound increase in rosin (150 - 165#} with a three pound increase in the caustic soda used to dissolve this rosin (30# * 33#}* 13tis batch was made and supervised by the plant for use as pulp in mating RT-124-P. The resultant color ^ was light in top which was unsatisfactory for use as a slightly dart toptoae is required* - . The next batch was made increasing the caustic soda in the coupling to 110 pounds and the I rosin to 180 pounds* A light batch was again the result. In this batch the required coupling > alkalinity was not secured (th pH of the boupling being 11.5} even though the weight of caustic soda'need had consistently given the required, coupling alkalinity (11*6 f) for the preparation of dark material* j i r; j j 1 `1 ft' 1 ,j ,j : The next two batches were mdde using Sherwin-Williams TQB on formulas submitted by the plant* In'both cases light material was the result* These last three batches were ground and mixed together totalling 1935 pounds of light, v.s. strong and s.yellow material. W * * finally using a large increase of caustic soda in the coupling, 115 pounds, together with the use of 190 pound? of I rosin, a dark, strong and yellow batch was secured. The pH of the coupling in this case was well over the 11*6 mark# Two hundred pounds of this batch was consumed in the manufacture of ST-124-P* A satisfactory 2058 pound mix has been made consuming practically all the substandard RT-2S5-B outstanding since last month. Production is tabulated on Table I and the mix in Table II* The first two. hatches of RT*342**D were made to produce light material for use in shading the RT-124-P* The f.irst batchi^ade cheek&ite light batches {44141, ete.) made during the last fdwJgpiiis but omitting the sodium phosphate was dark, strong and 1V\- , ,, . r * DUP050316198 yellow* The second batch was made cutting the alkalinity of the coupling by 4$, addition of five pounds sodium phosfate to the coupling and substitution of F Rosin for I Rosin. These changes resulted in a light, weak and dirty product the majority of which was used in shading the RT-124-P* It may be noted here that the coupling pH of this product was 5*9* , The third batch was made in an effort to approach the standard RT-243-B in top, tint and strength. An increase of caustic soda, and a decrease in the sodium phosfate was used but the coupling pH remained on the acid side (pH - 5.7)* It was desired to secure a coupling test approaching neutrality in the attempt to secure the desired G.K. straight material. This wtork will be continued in subsequent production* Production is tabulated in 'Eable III* si;asuc., -* - -V. , r DUP050316199  W 4 H * 1 m S 0 1 tn ?* *9 g gis ft. Hq* <oHi<j fpc.. 4> rH J3 t. I CB s Pi hM o rH tn a ie H O* a> *H ft $4 K CO CO D * ? B.H & C4 H U> -g S3 as ou +* Vi c o H> o>3 g^g tn ?|5 (4 -3S8 .t ft. O4 <3 tMHI * 9 _j n CO H^ *1 a ** a *& B <H* e * t ** b H i 4* I rH aSo rH ft fi m t | m tftee <D H ttnoI a? e fe w a i 4r*i O* &C *. CO 0p9 * a n 95 o K rH t- a * o *% in p Ho * 4* IO 4 H S O 00 H 1fi 4 H O H a- M tfk HH 0 a rH 44 CO Q 4 9 OOk H t o H H 18 H CO IO SJ3 ir> H <0 O H N Ok o 4 O H H rf H to 1 IA to to * <4* 72 43067 4 0 # , 14598 11#, Blaac Fix 55# araddjm Mr HI *I e<s H * **= CN* Ok Ctt O 3 OCOO 0P0> fe* 3 ft * to 8 to <0 tH *-* o> 4i*l 4 M DUP050316200 CD f-H.I | S 5O5 feI iCHM & fi JO 8 4O ftC4M0 4003 s in 3 t *4 I 4a* mCinO in 40 > 4 *CS H JQ M I > h t I I M# |H S > fit fSUit3 XSuS* s 4+0 00 g EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS H.B. 433, pages 168-170 ft IOD " a: owCs>Os s ti m07 co CM cinm 40 o40 H si Ok fcin in m CM %oOk oini CinM 4C0M iTCnM* cino DUP050316201 Pie COLOB RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED BY* 5 APPROVED BY: FILES DUOBS DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. LIGHT CALC IBM DUQL TOMER. RT~265-D INTRODUCTION Plant production was continued on this toner during the month, a total of fire hatches being made* The type production required was light* yellow and strong material for shading purposes* SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS. ^The first batch was made using a new lot of T.O.B, {Lot 152) on a formula that had given slightly light and yellow material on previous lots of this component* The resultant toner was dark and blue not checking previous results* This is the first dark and blue bateh made in the plant in seme time and is easily shadeahle but it has been difficult to secure consistent results on this type formula* > Thh second bateh was made to check a previous light bateh made with T,0*B. lot 152* This batch varied from the first in that the ealeium chloride was increased 100$ and the caustic soda in the coupling was increased 3 pounds (77# 85#)* Results on this batch eheoed previous results, the batch being light, yellow and strong* The next bateh was made to cheek the seeond except that the standard amount of ealeium chloride was used, a cuttof 50$ under the amount used in the second batch (350#165#) The resultant color was v. s. dark, yellow and strong* Bits result uncovprs a. new variable for seeuring light top, the increased caldT&Bfchloride being originally used with the expectation of securing bluer material* gUMMADY-AND1 gQNOTPgHWifS 7ifc;The fourth bateh was made to cheek the third except that all I reilk was used in the development instead of a mixture of I and B rosins as had been used in the three previous batches* The resultant toner checked previous results, the material being light, yellow and strong* In an effort to match the standard toptone the fifth and last bateh was made to check,the fourth except that 25$ of the I rosin used in the development was replaced with S Gum rosin* The use of this comparatively small amount of E rosin sesulted in the usual results secured using all M rosin in the development, the material being dark, strong and yellow versus the standard* Production on this toner is tabulated in Table I* DUP050316202 \- v wv J M Fh CD M O) i-4 * Q) 4= h 4 a ft 3 K) f7t a n in fi t> 6} cta eh o 5 a ft M ,,H fftt M ftl >4 I (0 + i-t da to m f0t M ft H4 33 O a Hi fOtto 4* e* ft lf>0 D-Eh tP tp 4> O id H O ft 0) 0a S to to =tte O ip rH ft IO o> co tp ft ft ft ft -P *fcs 0 tp tp * i-4 f9 so +> 60 80 rH H ft CQ fftt 43 4 H tO to tit r ft 10 it sfc O tit tit H . {>t . * TO vi. o> ft rH & 0 ft rt- ft _ frt to w ce a tP O DlgH 43 O 1 ft ft tp*cJ 0 iH O M i ai <0 ft H O iH H a 4j fcftt % ft o ft to tit ti* * *0 tp H< tp tp r- r4 tH H H CQ M 43 ft. rH |W *h CQ 4 ft t f0ft1t *U bC0 H ft ft ft j> M 4= 03 - rH H <D 0 M 4 fftn ra 43 . (4 * ft a rH ft >t m o fftt ff4t* CO ft * to H to ft to *#a IO to r-t to H >t 1I ,*#s o to to COC *P9 p^l *03 03 7& vV0_3. J 3 I Ry 11 w fot 4 3 M c* in a rH H iH H E-t fftt fcJ- Pt 0O * Sa eft *EcsSt-e 00 Hftte 00 CD %0to d<! POe-3t 4O3 4 ca fHt Hin ffHtt ffHtt . Hf*Ht ft ft ft a4O* 0 cq rH 1<0t0t0* OUrHH-->*i farfH>tt ft to S ft tne1i<o0 v>..- -; . .. ' .' ,:?A- DUP050316203 r-i  "r?yrM 3T,, j<r- ii/ PIGMENT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT LITHOSOL BORDEAUX BL SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED BY: MANGANESE TONER. K~740? A*?'3* FILB-MIEO. TCHiBItS* DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935, INTRODUCTION At DuPont Philadelphia's request, an attempt was made to prepare, in the laboratory, an additional sample of E-7407 (Manganese Lithosol Bordeaux BL) for further tests in Dulux* . SUMMARY AM? CONCLUSIONS The manganese toner of Lithosol Bordeaux BL, X-74Q7, has shown satisfactory film durability in Dulux* As a matter of fact it has exhibited better gloss retention than Toluidine upon exposure in Delaware for almost two years. In addition to the satisfactory durability, K74G7 has very good hiding power and possesses a depth intermediate between Para Red B, RT-7Q-D, and Meroon Toner, RT"347D, something which Philadelphia has always desired to fill V the present gap in their durable line, Accondi^g to the records, K-7407 was prepared from Lithosol Bordeaux BL paste, however, this month's attempt to match K*74G7 yie&ded a product which was darknr and browner. It was recalled that DuPont had also manufactured Lithosol Bordeaux BLMT paste, consequently a manganese toner was prepared from an old sample of this dye, which was a closer mStch for KV7407. Prom this result it seemed apparent that the original E-7407 had been prepared from Lithosol Bordeaux BLMT paste and not the BL paste. In aonfirmation of the above, another sample of ' Lithosol Bordeaux BLMT paste was obtained from the Dyg-works^ whieh also gave a close match for E7407* However, this dye paste is not available in sufficient quantity at the Dyeworks to enable us to prepare a large sample for Dulux testing purposes* , A sample of General Dyestuffs* Helio Bordeaux BLA paste was foun# to give a similar manganese toner as DuPont* s Lithosol Bordeaux BLMT paste although being slightly darker and duller* It has been ddcided to continue with this problem with the object of purifying DuPont's Lithosol Bordeaux BL paste or of modifying the laking formula for the purpose of obtaining a lighter and brighter masstone similar to K-7407* DUP050316204 BXPBRIMENTAL DETAILS Hotebook So,, 503 (Pigments for Dulux) Series 592-57 was the preparation of a large sample of K--7407 from Lithosol Bordeaux BL paste, lot ir8, D-2173. The product was discarded because of dark brown color compered with K-7407 (303-35B) Series 502-58 wss the preparation of K-7407 from. Lithosol Bordeaux BESET paste, D-977, This product was slightly light with a yellow cast versus K-7407 (30235B) Series 303-39 compared the manganese toners from Lithosol Bordeaux Bl m' paste, lot 1, B$2L9S and from Hello Bordeaux BLA paste (General Dyestuff) D-#219S The latter was very slightly darker and duller than the former; both toners were lighter than. K-7407 (302-35-B& DUP050316205 T' str- 3** P- PZgMIKl COLOR BBSBA&Bl' REPORT ALKALI BLETE- 3UEMITTSL 3YiSt**b*+~UA APPROVE nY* 4Uv- > >3 FILS; .iti-TfiG. TONERS-- DJETE: SSPTELlESxt 1935, IMTRODUCTIQH _ Work on trying to obtain further improvements in texture and tinctorial power of Alkali Blue was carried out, SUMMARY AND COKCHJSIQK Singe Caloofs Alkali Blue Red shade D-2154 gave very weak tinctorial power and hard texture by the 307*530 method, (consisting of Colloid milling an Alkali Blue surry treated with a solution of di glyctl stesrate in mineral spirits, filtering and drying) it was selected for further study* Yariation in the volume of the Alkali Blue slurry and variation in the amount of mineral spirits gave no. improvements* The addition of the diglyeol stearate in the form of a water emulsion prior to the mineral spirits gave inferior results. A decided improvement in strength was obtained by treating the Alkali Slue slurry at the boil in the presence of the solution of diglycol stearate in mineral spirits, prior to colloid milling. The letter method, 307*640, gave a dry product which was still about 50$ weaker than the flushed out toner pulp. BXPERIMBKTAL DETAILS H.B* 307, pp. (182-189}0 SaSies 307*62 - varied the volume of alkali blue slurry* The previous volume (25tl} was found to be satisfactory* Decreasing or increasing this volume gave inferior re*-*s* .u*--lts_--*- Series 507*63 varied the amount of mineral spirits* 20$ mineral spirits wen fOund to be moat' satisfactory* ~Serleh 307*64*65 Varied the ..temperature of treatment* Treatment of t3|fe slurry at the boi1 and boiling ten minutes in the presence of the?mineral spirits and diglyeal stearate prior to Colloid milling gave a definite improvement* This improved product was 30$ weak versus the flushed toner* DUP050316206 JJT - 3 3 6 eO0R BBSEASISE, REPORT '^' ayieoar t u be r . r t -354*-b a SUBMITTED BYt^Z^&ecljy (RjU-Ju<^*e^ APPROVED BY* ^ fflEE* Bfe-&BJ2QBS BATE* SEPTEMBER 1935, IETRODUCTIOE The lafeestplant production of RT-354-B lias lacked brightness particularly in*batches of greater depth than standard. Also some of the light batches have not had the necessary brightness to serve as shading, material. ,,-ii A survey of the quality of material in substandard stock was made in order to pick out the most promising batches for use in blend* A run of RT~354fD was made in the semisworks to test three lots of TUB I cheek the formula and to study variations which might give improved brightness and dppth* On the basis of these results a plant batch was made. amwARY Aim sosiEUSiegg With two exceptions the series of plant batches which is giving difficulty in blending was made under- plant superaifesfion. Some variations were made, and are reported in "Process and Qp4ratng Study* dated September 1933* It is believed that the cause of the browness was the $ew alkalinity of- coupling being used in order to obtain dark products. l&eqtiar tests were rechecked by the sprayed panel method. By this method browness in dark batches is more prombuneed than by the pour method while brightness of the lighter batches is accentuated, that is., depth appears as browness, mhjlft lightnesB^haa the appearance of brightness, The "ffhr* method is probably meet satisfactory in showing^up differanew#,partiicularly if a bright} focussed light is used. Hr *"*'"^*- with ' a mix griefs were filled by use of semi works material and a Slightly bright batch made in June, plant batbh was made using WWS lot 34 previously tested in the semis ifks.. The.product tgts slightly lighter than standard with e.qt8st.l _ frlgittKesa. A fairly definite alkalinity of coupling was employed' to avoid dullness. As uhhal there is a cons siderable loss in from vat cbhtrol to finished grind. "Works Thirteen batches of RTr354sP were made in- the Gpli^tatlve runs with TQBW lot3 31, 33* and 34 ..lots-, 3.1 ..aad 33;: tend to give products which are slightly [jr brighter ` than standard while let #34 on the a-;darker product with, only a trace of tot was ordered^ for plant use. A part barrel DUP050316207 believed to be let #29 also gave satisfactory results* 111 Semi-works operation, matching standard in depth and brightness presents no difficulties* As usual alkalinity of coupling and development are the most effective variables in controlling depth and brightness One batch in which, a very low alkalinity of coupling was used was dark and brown while use of more Caustic soda at both points gave opposite results* A slight increase in depth was obtained by making the soda salt to strike volume at 60t instead of 6?03T obtained at this time of year* Use of ice was necessary. Previous results habe always indicated the importance of temperature control at this point* A 5$ reduction in excess BOH with positive alkalinity of coupling gave a light -lacquer test* An attempt to rework dark brown SSS material by reboiling in alkaline solution was successful in increasing brightness but the finished product was lighter than standard* >; . --- DUP050316208 ra 43 ) 10 fc4 tO 1 PH pj M pP 0* >rt ^*n 43 . xi 43 43 GO P .rt 4 |*4 P GO XI P *|4 .O eg P P bD O 1* X> P U eg 43 * 43 Xl 43 GO 44 CO A 44 *M GO i-l 43 P *rt xl d r4 GO bO 44 rt > <H rt 43 p + DO P q D > lt*rt fl> rt 4 > P * Xt xl H <0 w tiD CD * rt rt id p . > o< H frt rt t (Q CO *0 43 wg ME Kl P O 44 P P P ,o 43 .a 43 * -5^ ^ ra GO m tffl * *rt rt t> f> r4 )> 1--[ 43 p ^0 B > * 43 to rt rH ' y 4* 1el 0 Q rrt "1 ,! > 0Pl<w--' 10 0 H P at Cw > GO O fr et fr . p >rt rt CQ <0 GO fr. (3 > CQ -rt t- rt CQ 0 * I0t43 M ^ p m r4 05 O O &4 * rt o> H X< fr # 0 00 O 03 at 4' --4* eg fr> i-3 m P5 t * CQ MM rrt 0 <--1 - M * r4 t 0 0* > 01 > <> r e <0 O CD >> rtl CQ >? * mid *4 rrt id CD 3* a co >*. to J* > > > in 0 at. P* W >4 05 ra 0 O r4 Pi & IP to <0 in * 0 67 " | Ok 0> 0> at 0 0 HH *4 4 S 4* rrt J> h cax m CQ * >* id rrt m CD m <0 09 0 rrt p * 0 > 1--1 * CQ 05 t***-* > ff[ pa p H H O 4 0 1 Pi to Pi 4 rioi j P. 0* <oD &pa Up 4* O rt) M of5 4 to id rH to M tO to O m o> p H H to O in to 4* 4|< HI to to n to to to 1 t . 43 if O rt rH H ooHNaO *o P Pi O X *4 fst t CQ op P 43 P0K 4O= CBi*PH 1&rH tO CO XV 0 00 43 V O 4 r4 n -- *E&,43 CO CQ 43 CD o 43 to X o BfTl to rt 9 Pi O rH rt 1 rH > 4 rt 44 44 * P GO rH 43 rt flS2} 43 0 rt M O fO rt r4 g CQ s to Pi t Pi S 4* O 43 r-l op H P tO P 43 PI a 43 -P a rt O 14 g o' Op o m Hg P O 4H rH rt Oh 0 rt P rt CO > 13 r4 m, B<tff0fie Se 10 bCDO mp o P * CtrCD O 44 O SH *rt O O P <P44 43 VN > !> P *4 43 43 * 43 6043 O B1 >P pfl P<43 P o pi 0 Pi43 O C o o p rt PtVi 43 Hrt O fl 0 lO M^ 43 9 4* O Vi . t4 O 43 >J Pi 43 <D *rt 0a * GQrH Pi rt IHtoJ P rl M O t4 4f rH Vi 43fc O 44 O Pi in 0 O X3 * p 43 CQ O tO to 10 CQ* 65 o 05 43 X gfa, X 4f*t X 9p,4P3 Pi X P 43 fpi, S3 O O O o_ ,,a rvH s_. optOrio co fr- a> Pito _ co r-Hin a> Oo (CicOn3o vv g in o > m 03 M -rt 0 p rt X 4f + rH rtp Q <C w O X> gOot ar4d tGoO tCoD -(hCJ < brtorm4 43 3 S5 0 BM 1>0ftw l> CJW O18W CQ tS.rtC'-OP-'Hfr.ffiC'-HC-OiHB- fr- CQ CQ CQ W t H tO H P fr fr- fr. >>fr 1-t fr O 1 I *0 ffl * *C 1 I H4> i >1 I I ht f rrt | P, 1 tft P EB^Es EsgEB EE=6B44 g: fee g: Be 4J> g: p gt 4i X> ----------- - - CQ'OCO'CJOT SB) PfcCQ CQJ3CQ W 3W 08) ^ j CO JX A4 rt O M P M d D M 0 44 >0 430 ad m t> ad O0 OO to . <D & XI .rt rtl XI A .0 XI GO ad rt aa A A XI GO o g M ad ri r4 m ad ,Vi-P.-p art. OP B xi X! .& O O O O O O 0 0 O tl 0 <9f v,:frt <0 CD in e- rH IO to GO to to in in to a& c- fr- CO CQ Ok at CO CQ CQ CQ M O} CQ fr- fr- fr- fiv fr- 0 to fr. o CQ fr CD 0 vi -to CQ:, to - -m frii'`- ** .. to fr hto fr .'5. -s"??-. 45362 Check 44076 34 ps io.s . By HL 9*4 9*8 s ,lig h t w:*?**.... ?.X.* -i DUP050316209 o;.,' ' -sjpr '^;2:`r '' 1 jjr_3 ^F somi goigagA^ AS^ sGPimi t Jt t al at b.in SUBMITTED BY: S. C APPROVED BY: INTRODUCTIOS > ^3. W t u x c *t *a* rvamcm DATS: SEPTEMBER 1935. Samples of Sodium Columbate and Sodium Ta|telate have boon secured from tbe Jansteel Products Co* , Ghieago, and It is proposed to study the effect of these materials when used in the preparatiea of P.^.A, pigments* SUMMARY ASP COHCIDSIQII Several series were mi in irhleh the comparative effect of adding small amounts of sodium molybdate, sodium coluriMttfcf* or sodium tautalate to the phosphotungatie sold solution uas determined* Sodium molybdate in small amounts improves the light fastness while equal moleeular amounts of sodium oolumbats and sodium tabulate do not* Sodium molybdate has little effeot on the strength while sodium eolumbdte and sodium tatgtalate appear to produee a slight imemoase In strength accompanied by a daereasa in lightfastness* The , strength increase beoomaa mors marked as largar amounts of eolumbate are used* The above experiments were undo using Victoria Pure Blue B$ dye* Adding sodium eolumbate to the P*fA* solution in BT*90J> and RT-329*D increases the strength and reduces the light fastness* Hi general an increase in strength ie accompanied by a daereasa in yield* In view of the eost of sodium eolumbate and sodium tafetalate further work of the above type is probably not justified but if at any time those materials become available at a o lorn coot further evaluation studios should be made* SXggRHffMTALPSTAl]^ _ --~ Botebook#426* 'iljaigdS* Study thu use of Sodium Columbato and Sodium Taatalato to replace sodium molybdate in a phosphotungstate toner of Victoria fore Bine BO* Boeause of the feet that the entire eeriea was considerably weaker than the previous control no conclusions can be drawn* Stags* Check the plana studied in series 420*65, but use a higher amount- of dye and increase the temperature of the strike from 180F to *12V* . COlnmbste and Tafifptalate when used instead of sodium molybdate gave a decided improvement in strength; this was accompanied by a marked decrease in lightfastness* DUP050316210 -^mm^ 9fl 426-68, Study the effect of Increasing the amount of Galumbate in the phosphotungstio acid solution; also study the use of molybdate and tantalate together. M- _ An increase in Calunhate ggre a decided lmprovment In strength, accompanied by a marked decrease in lightfantnesa. The use of molybdate, and tantalate together resulted in a weak pigment poor in lightfastneaa* , 426-68* Study the effect of using calumbate m the Bhodamine 6SHII ana: Aerogel? Blue P,5M procedures. In both eases an increase In strength was obtained, accompanied by a decrease In llghtfaatness. I < 9 J !? iiT DUP050316211 $ Mb oy DISPgBSSD PHOSiPBOTPlfGSTIC ACID Picmenra SUBMITTED BY: /' APPROVED BY: /1/- INTRODtJCTIOM -- FHE: DISPERSION STUDIES. DATE: SEPTEMBER 1955. A prelDlimary investigation of the possibility of improving the strength of 'various Islsb by dispersing the toners with dextrin and Inkanol prior to forming the lakes, has been made in the laboratory. ,, The dextrinated pigments were used in both dried and slurry form* * SUimfeRY ASP CONCLUSIONS Dispersed colors were *ada of BT^SflMB., $f*l5>>&, and dT-ev-f by adding dextrin and Ifukanel to the tone? pulp la the proportion of 390 g of dextrin and 1$ g* of leukanol to 100 g of ! toaas on a fry basis* The above mixtures were passed three times 1 thru the laboratory oellatd sill* Because of difficulty encountered in drying the dispersed colors in the laboratory, samples of the three type# were sent to the Jackson Laboratory to ho drum-dried* 9slf Of each sample was reserved to he in slurry form In the subsequent experiments* Lakes-were made from eaoh of these pigments carrying 8 Barytes and JsS$ alumina hydrat^from RT-529*B and BT-125*B carrying T8jt alumina hydate and from Bf*3B9*B carrying 990 dispersing clay, calculated oh the S&Om toner basis* The dextrin was press* ** washed out of the lakes in each ease* In all eases controls were making lakes of the original toner pulps* In the ease of the dM# olay an additional control was run by dispersing on the base so i of dye equivalent to the amount of toner uepd in the other exper: _r1 4. i ,, "* / * ' ' ` Sj' VSdNttdt results it^ests that dextriha^oit-has 'an ' adverse effect on ldie treagth.oflake* diSpersedin oil, probably to the retention of small im^tsofiextrin in the washed lakes* cauaing_aggl<3iiratiott of tha;pirtibleS in oil* Ths first series, `&L h t -329d , #-*Prftssehyi||pi, 'hsie is the only one giving results at variants eC^^*- - -- -- allow of consistent to quanti tatiweiy validity ot tawed- , ,,,, conclusions an'be ug the material . t some doubt as to the otid be made before any *: '* ' T&.-'V DUP050316212 masRngHgAL Ses notebook #363* pp* 7868 and 96 -108* Irp. 363*S4-1A - RT-389B dried dispersed pigment on barytes-hydrate base* IB Same bat slurry of dispersed pigment used* IS - Seme bat toner pulp used (untreated) Bubout results * Hasstone - A dk# A dirty vs B A 6* B vs dk* vs 6 Strength A v.v.a.wk* vs B# v*v.s.str* vsC. B v*sstr vs* 9* Brushoat results* Hasstone it B s*dk* A yellow vs 6* AB Intensions- a v*#*wk* vs B A 0* B t C on same* Bxp. 36S-54-8A - Bhodamiae 6QPV on dispersing olay* SB RT389D* slurry of dispersed pigment SO same hut dried dispersed pigment used. SB * same but toner pulp used* Suhottt Besulta easterns - A s*:lt* A #1 va B sdk vs 6* B dip and muddy vs 0* strength - a v*s#str, vs B s*wk. vs 6* B *ek* vs- 6* Brushout Basalt's * Hass tones - As# 1#* vs B, g and 8* Beduetdoiis# 6 atstrong vs b a b * A siviailp titan BAB* Bip* 36S54~3A BfW8Sg*Bp dried dispersed pigment om n~i miin hydrate base* SB - sane but slurry of dlepersed pigment need* 36 - sane but toner pulp used* Bruehout BeBults* -ad. Ifasstonea - A s*lk* vs B, sdk vs 6* B v*s* dk* va e* Strengths - a v#e#str# vs B; wk* vs a* B vk* vs C v: DUP050316213 !`^'SSSjS$ %o $ Kxperimont 363-54-4A, 4B, 4C - 114k. 363-54-1 series but GT-67-F used* Rubout -Results* SasstoQea - A v.a.dk. A dirty vs B A C, B v.v.s.lt. A cleanse / Strengths - A equal to B, v.s.wk. vs C. B v.s.wk. vs C. Brushout Results. Hasstones - A clean vs B, s.clean vs C. B s.dirty vs 0. Extensions A a.wk. vs. B, equal to C. B s.atr. vs. C. Bxperinant 36B-54-5A-B-C. Like 363-64-1 series but BT-125-D used* Rubout Results* liasstones - a red and dirty vs B and C. B s.dk. Ael. vs 0* Strengths - a s.wk. vs. B, wk. vs G* B s.vk. vs C* % S' Brushout Results. Hasstones - A s.lt. vs B A C. B J Si Bxtenslona - A s.vk. A gr. vsJ3*.vk 7s G. B s.vk. A red vs*G BT-125-B 363-54-&A-B-C Uke 363-54-3 series but Results Uasstones A it* dirty, olive oast vs B A C. Strengths A V.s.vkv^ B vk. vs G. c. vs G* DUP050316214 rrf . -TV- -*- 3 3? i p t g mt s h t ooiioR r b s e a r c b - r e p o r t SUBMITTED BY: APPROVED 3Y: FIGMENT SCARLET 5B LAKE* RL-211-D y. > * ; FILE: JIOICTO'IWtMBHKr DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935 in t r o d u c t io n Several experiments were made to determine if Colloid Mill treatment of our BL-SM-D slurry taken from the vst immediately after strike, would "be comparable to the overnight development which is the current standard procedure. Apparently the effect of the development is to darken the masstone and increase the strength and yellowness of tints.;SThe texture is also improved* The dolloid Mill treatment, although it does darken the masstone, tends to weaken the product and at the same time harden the texture' SUMMARY ASP CONCLUSIONS An RL211~D slurry, taken from the vat immediately after strike was treated in the laboratory as follows# (1) A portion passed twice through the Colloid Mill and then filtered and washedo (2) A portion stirred overnight in the laboratory then passed twice through the Colloid Mill* In both cases the material passed through the Colloid Mill became noticeably floeoulent, and incidentally acquired an increase;-of ^temperature due to the action of the -mill Compared with a normally developed control the Colloid Mill treatment (1) was dark and muddy in masstone* weak and. blue* The texture was considerably harder* When a normally-*ddYaroped slurry. (2) is passed through the Colloid Mill there appears to be no ehange in the tinctorial properties of the color although the texture is hardened to a slight etfit* Ss&Llold Mill tr^Hisnt in order to expedite the development of'^'wE^SH-D cannot be considered satisfactory according t#.:.the results of these experiments* It is also of no advantage to use the treatment to darken th masstone of Rl211*B From experience and Rl*-211*B struck at a higher temperature than, that givefc in the standard procedure results in a dark, weak, blue product wl%h the texture considerably hardened. It is assumed that the heat generated when the slurry passes through the mill at phase (1) .causes the darkness of*1 2masstone and weak blueness of tint with"hardened texture* B.XB3SR IMBNTA> DETAILS See notebook No*^3^ Page tit 'v -*?X `Wr y&wi* : DUP050316215 PICaigWP COLOR RESEARCH REPORT MISCELLANEOUS LAKES AND TONERS SUBMITTED BY APPROVED BY: PILE: 1HOC. LAKES SATE; SEPTEMBER 1935* INTRODUCTION Research studies at Jackson Laboratory this month were confined entirely to the investigation of new Intermediate produets for the preparation of color lakes. These studies included evaluation of new dyes for lakes, preparation of iron salts of nitroso compounds of new intermediates and preparation of azo dyea and corresponding lakes from new intermediate*. SUMMARY AMD CONCLUSIONS Alumina hydrate lakes of Azlne dyes Pontacyl wool Blue BL, Pentaeyl Silk Blue 10G and a laboratory prepared Greenish Azine Dye, . possess very little merit as lake colours. Lakes of Silk Blue LOG and Greenish Azlne Dye are very much duller than Cerulean Blue Lake. * BL72D and only slightly better in lightfaatness. The lake of wool Blue BL Is practically as bright as BL-Vg-D and slightly faster to light, but its extremely red shade makes it of little interest. Substitution of para ohlor aniline for para nitraniline in Para Rad B RT-7Q-D results in a very chalky light rad, of extremely yellow shade, which bleeds badly in oil* The product possesses no merit* The pigment dye prepared by eemblnlng dlasotlzed para nitraniline with ar-tetra hydro beta naphthol is a deep brown of poor general properties and therefore of no Interest. -m id * '- '1: Byes Sad- eorreaponding barium and oaleHnrlp$s were prepared by eemblnlng ar-tatra-hydro- 8 naphtha 3 carboxylic sold with diazotlzed 8 ohlor 4 amino toluene S sulfonic acid (SB Aol&) The lakes are brownish reds, fast to light and oil, which possess no merit tinetori a||p* - -TSIe substitution of iso-preUfe.. naphthol for beta naphthol In both Para Red HT-70-D {parenttraslline) and the barium Lithol Red RT-364-D (2 naphthylamine 1 sulfonic acid) resulted in a brown pigment of no merit in the ease of RT-7Q-B, and a much deeper and bluer rad than RT-364-D in the ease of the latter. The pigment from Tobias Acid Is darker and weak*? than Calcium Llthfcl RT-37C- but possesses no apparent merit owing to it* extreme oil solubility. The introduction of an aliphatic side chain in beta naphthol greatly increases the oil solubility of pigments prepared therefrom'. The af^tatra hydro eompetitaLjLso exhibit this ehdfaeterlstie since the introduction of 4 hydresmHiln beta naphthol apparently causes' It to take on the properties of alkyl substituted'phenols* r DUP050316216 y* and corresponding barium and oalelua lakes wars prepared by combining 6 sulfo 2 naphthol 9 carboxylio acid with the following dlazotfhod amines: 2 ehlor 4 amino toluene 5 sulfonic acid (2B Acid) and benzidine* The lakes of the dlaano benzidine dye are exceptionally deep clarets of only moderate light fastness* The 2B Acid lakes are very much darker, brighter and weaker than the calcium salt of Permanent Red 2B, The oalcium salt is darker and bluer than the barium and both are difficult to $&Mlplttte The pigments possess good lightfastness and moderate fastness to oil, but are not outstanding products tinetortally* : Substitution of 8 nltro 2 amino toluene for 3 nitro 4 amino toluene (HHPT) in Toluldine Red RT-380-D resulted in a jaB^gpaesgsduller and very mneh yellower product then RT-386-D. This pigment possesses no apparent merit. Monolite Past Red 2R. 2; 8 diohlor aniline combined with* the anilide of 2 naphthol 9 carboxylic acid, was prepared by a recent X.C.X. method. The pigment possesses a true Toluldine Red shade, being similar to RT-188- in toptone but stronger, somewhat yellower and very much cleaner and more brilliant in shade and tint. It is practically similar to Toluldine Bed in llghtfastneas but not as resistant to oil. This pigment possesses seme very outstanding properties and warrants further consideration. '# The preparation of iron salts of nltrose compounds of ar-tetra hydro- beta naphthol and ar-tetra hydro 2 naphthol 3 carboxylio add resulted in greenish brown to brown pigments of no interest. The nitrosation of these intermediates does not proceed as smoothly as the nitrosation Of beta-naphthol and the poor tlnotorial properties of the pigments may have been due to difficulties encountered in their preparation. However, observations indicate that little of importance can be expected from those compounds and therefore no ftiffher in vestigation is reecKmoadod* - The copper molt, of pyridine oarboxyllc sold, known as copper pi&olinatit""Its a crystalline bright blue, product which possesses poor pigment propertie*. Co-precipitation of the copper salt and alumina hydrate end other methods for the preparation of lakas were tried but all resulted in products of no `promise. Copper pieollnato is appreciably pfiuble % water. Xt apparently owes Its tlnotorial properties to its peculiar crystalline form, since its amorphous form is practically colorless. -Other salts of picoliniC acid, such as iron, barium, calcium and cobalt, yield pfo&ttets of no promise for lakes. An organic white pigment prepared by Jackson Laboratory chemists by reaction of1 formaldehyde and sodium sulphide appears interesting and further evaluation df the product as a whits pigment and as a substratum for lakes is recommended. .- ' V-* > ' DUP050316217 Tie preparation of a stronger Lithosol Fast Yellow, YT-291-D by addition of small quantities of the pigment obtained by combining diazotized dichlor benzidine with uceto-acet-ortho-toluidlde, has been investigated. The diahlorbanzidine yellow possesses approximately triple the strength of YT-a9X-D hut a very brown and red toptone. 10$ of the dlehlorbenzldlne produet and 90$ standard YT-291-D results in a pigment deeper and less elean in toptone and 15$ stronger than standard YT-291-D. The shade and tint are practically similar to YT-291-D. The preparation in the above manner, of a stronger Hansa YellOw than YT-291-D, for use where toptone is not an important factor, Is worthy of consideration* 4 water dispersible barium toner of Figment Soarlet has been prepared with dextrin and loukaaol. The results of preliminary studies on the preparation of alumina hydrate lakes from the dispersible pigment have not been very encouraging. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS. Azo dye and pigment from P.N.A. - ar-tetra hydro -beta-naphthol. Exp. 41, HB 476, pp. 134. t Azo dye and lakes from 2 chlor 4 amino toluene 5 sulfonic acid astetra<*hydro beta oxynaphthoio acid. Exp. 42 wad 46, N.B. 476, pp, 188 and 164 respectively* Azo dye and pigment from P.N.A. - isonpropyi naphthol. Exp* 45, N.B*- 476, p. ISO* s Azo dyes and lakes from 2 chlor 4 amine toluens 6 sulfonic sold - 6 sulfo 2 naphthol 8 carboxylic acid* benzidine - *- * * * Exp* 48, N.B. 47#* P* 188* Azo dye and pigment from 5 nitrp 2 amino toluene - beta naphthol* Exp. 82*. **. 476* p. 176 , *?' ' * Azo dye and plgrijijftt from? psraf 'data' aniline - beta naphthol. txp, 38, t.B. 476* p. 124 Honolitc Fast Red 2R - 1*0.1*, 2s 5 dichloraniline - anilide of beta oxynaphthoic acid* Exp* 49, N.B* 476, p. 142. Iren salts of nitroso ar-tetra hydro-beta naphthol and ar-tetra* hydro beta oxynaphthoio acid* Exp. 49, N.B. 476* p. 164. Copper Picolinate. Exp. SI, N.B. 476, F. 74. DUP050316218 ' J 'I*\'' .<*4* Dichlorbenzidin#- aceto-aoet-ortbo-t41uidide Tallow, TT-291-D mlttura. txp. 47, K.B* 476, p. 156, Lakes of dispexslble Pigment Green B* Exp. 44, K.B. 476, p. 146* Alumina Hydrate lakes of Ponteeyl %ol Blue BL, Pontaoyl Silk Blue 1QG and Jaokson Lab. Greenish Azine Byes* Exp* 39, Jf.B, 47ft, P, IBS* Evaluation of Organie IMte Pigment - Jackson Lab. B - 34-77* Exp. 46, B.B. 476, P. 132. Lakes from water dispersible Pigment Scarlet barium toner* , B*P. 50, H*B. 476, P,3fe 7 I* \ j a >4 i >1: DUP050316219 3^- 3 VO vV;i SUBMITTED BY 4 APPROVED BY: Piaman? c o l o r Se a r c h r e p o r t PINK LAKE. RP-7971-D ^ ' FILE: ffiyE }^K&S~ DATE: SEPTEMBER 1955. INTRODUCTION Treaty pounds of this lake was made in the SealWorks for use b$ the Sales Service la preparing a permanent orchid enamel match for the Merchants and Manufacturers Paint Co. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Three hatches of this 25% lake of sulfanthreae Fink on hydrate were made on the K-7971 formulation. As grind results oa these batches were practically Identical all being stronger than standard K-7071, a mix was made of the three batches together with 5% of dry Alumina Hydrate to give material darker, browner, v.s.bluer and v.s.stronger than the K-7971 standard. This mix has been transferred to standard stock for use by the Sales Service in matching the competitive product. Tabulations in Table I. DUP050316220 m M O ft dt I 45 4 & $* fota <0 < o ft \Haart <0 4 *" 0 *t0e * * 4 ->n< 5 H ft 0 4f*t > *a0OHt rf s a>4 + w MH * $ 03 ft 0 JO g *0 ff-t oa fftt-?t- t0 M*g b ! a * r-f S4* 00 PS 0 4* 4* 0f4fi J4 M' ft f 4 CQ M ft ,oa H I H 03 *r44 * 0> too r-l & ft 9 iH fftt S fc * J Jtf 0 ft ft * M *? a* tft m 15 * fta ft- i5 a * 1 HH 03 9 fHftt & 9 ft M 0 o + f0 0 4 0 p < 0 H O 0 r0*t JJHt f* Qft 43 0 0 v%r .1 M W aS ft ft 6<aSCj & 1 Hfftt a *r Is 0 * 04 H40 0 * > a Jet 3 0 03 H SR tt> N S 4* ft^M ! H I <0 ft H u lO rvJ,-.-:- . ^ ' v?**.. v>j> -` V&.'aftS' '5*. VKV DUP050316221 PTOMKMT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED BY: V, C. APPROVED BY: STUDY m PHY DISPERSED COLORS /7/-1 WAh &k DATE: SEPTEMBER ' 19 350LRS IRTROIUCT ION A \arrey has been, made of possible methods of grading dry dispersed colors* Microscopic examination of brushouts seems the best present method of studying dispersion in tjpwpresent line of dry dispersed holers* SUMMARY AKD CONCLUSIONS Good dispersion is essential in paper coating work in order to obtain a smooth coating and high strength* The two present methods of determining dispersion are to tint the pigment and to brush the fingers lightly over the surface of the coated paper* The tinting method determines the approximate percentage of aggregates and the other method the presence of large aggregates. A brief study wae made to determine more exactly that is being measured by this second method* from & study of brushouts of materials of different particle size and of different particle size distribution a number of conclusions ware drawn* A brushout appears smooth to the touch until a particle size of about-10- com. diameter is reached* As the particle size increases a feeling of increasing harshness is ^ noted until at 5 x 10- cm. the brushout Is quite rough* If brushout* of mixtures of small and large particles arc prepared the harshness v *Xi or apparent diapersion obtained, is* as might ba expected* a function of both the number of partSolfS and their size* The largest partiolesgenoountered fdtharfly in dry dispersed nolorawill be about 10- cm* disaster add even one percent of this material will give the brushouts a rbugfc' feelings At about & X 10- cm* from three to five time* this amount at11Jbe requiredi Considerably smaller amounts of ^ of 5 X 10-' cm. diameter will, however , give a noticab *h ftel to a brushouW Abdut 0.1# can he detected end betwee; and' i$> differences of fro* 0*1# to 0.2# in amount have a notflf Offa'Ct1. It seems probable that practically all of ou* dry colors contain less than 1# of material in thepartiole range 10"** cm to 5 xI0!- Cm* A good dry dispersed color will probably contain, not more than 0.1# of material in this range. If the above conclusions are correct. Improvements in strength obtained by breaking up the large aggregates in the dry dispersed colors will be negligible* A microscopic examination of brushouts of most of our regular dry dispersed colors was made. The number of particles about 10"s cm. or larger was measured with the following resultss- feV . s4,r: - .a;. . ifflflfriW-ff DUP050316222 Standard Y-318*D Y-240-D RE-351--33 Y--503--D RL-356-D Y-364-D GE-363-3 GE-358-D GB-359-D iartlolea/l aa.om* 320 240 200 140 150 140 140 110 100 Standard Particles /l ag* cm. GE-S64-D YE-290-D OE-353-D RE-380-D RL-353-D RE-360-D RE-325-D 90 70 70 50 50 15 11 It was noted that in RE-351*13 the large particles were about 2-3 times aw large as in the ease of the other colors examined. In the case of RE-325-D and RE-360-" practically no mall aggregates are present while with the other pigments from 0*5 to 5 times as many aggregates* smaller than those counted* are present* These smaller partittlea do not influence the texture but in most oases are probably more important in producing poor strength than the larger aggregates.. Two colors* BE-134-D and BE-135-D differ from the other , pigments in that they are more opaque* It has been suggested by the Sales Department that BE-134-D requires improvement in tinctorial ;i properties* and apparently from the mioroscopio examination increased - transparency might* if it could be obtained* give the desired improved tinctorial properties* Many of the particles in BS-134-3 are so intensily colored they appear black* 0 -' . 'J It is evident that the above results are no more A aoeurate than the brushouta on which the determinations were made* When the area is 0*2 sq* cm* differences of 10-20?" in the number of particles counted are obtained, in going from one area to another* Over a few areas dofferenees of 100-800% are sometimes obtained* In going from one brushout to another differences of lOO* may be obtained as as average for a large area* Brushouts JLngenaral, % however* appear sufficiently consistent and uniform in characteristics to make further work on the brushout technique uanefS'ssary* It is possible that additional infomation could be obtained by utilizing microscopic examination in our study of the grinding of dip dispersed colors*' EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS f Notebook #456. All the data obtained from this study are given in detail in the Summary and:Conclusions of this report* DUP050316223 j~- 3f*- PIGMSHT COLOR BESEARCH REPORT > RAW" MATERIAL TESTIBG- SUBMITTED BY? APPROVED BYi ro. V" FILE: RAW MATEKliL'S'' DATE: AUGUST 1935. The two Items indicated as awaiting completion of analysis in the June report have since been reported satisfactorily by the Analytical Laboratory* All items outstanding from the July report have since been satisfactorily tasted. This month 39 shipments of raw material were received and sampled and have the following status: 21 tested in the laboratory and found to be satisfactory; one satisfactory when previously tested; one 0*Ktd by the Semi-Works;_ and 16 reported without test. RAW MATERIAL SAMPLES The following samples are listed in numerical order and start with the first incompletely reported item; any omission in the sequence have been qualified in previous reports* RMS-1406 - Supratol VA - Hart Produets Test incomplete* RMS--1410 - Para to1 - Hart Produets - Test incomplete* SMS-1422 - 24 Fara-chlor-anilina-meta sulphonic acid - Satisfactory* RMS-1426 - Wood Rosin B Hercules Powder Co* Satisfadtory. Four Raw Material samples were reeeived"thIs month: RMS-1431 Beta NaphthOl 1432 Satisfactory. ;-> 1 I Grassell! RMS-1433 - Li those! Acid T*0*B*W* 1 1434 ' ) DuPont Satisfactory* i v DUP050316224  BISBBBPE-gOLOH RESEARCH REPORT RAW MATERIAL TESTHIG- SUBMITTED BY APPROVED SY: FILE: RAW MATERlAfc-- DATE: SEPTEMBER 1935. This month S5 shipments of raw material were received and sampled, and have the following status: Forty-one tested and found to be satisfadtory in the laboratory; 4 O.K*d by the ^emi-Works; 6 satisfactory when previously tested; 6 awaiting completion of analysis, one remaining to be tested and 25 reported without test. Two shipments were found to be unsatisfactory: A shipment of Iron Free Alum from Grasselli when analyzed, indicated a low combined AlgGg content* The analysis is being checked* Lake Red CR Pulp, Lot 76 from Sherwin-Williams, approved when tested as a pre-shipment sample* produced a lighter masstone than formerly ,,' in manufacture and when tested again in the laboratory. There was not sufficient material left from the pre-shipment sample to establish a definite reason for this discrepancy* f RAW MATERIAL SAMPLES Samples unqualified in previous reports: RMS-140JpuggiBtol V.A* Hart Products. Test incomplete* SMS-1410 Paratol - Hart Products. Test incomplete* ,.Af Twenty four samples were received this month and have the following status! . ` BMS-1435 - Lithosol Acid T.G*B*W. To`"replenish standard material. Previously tested O.JC* # ^ t. from DuPont, RMS-1436 - Saphthanil BS Purified lot $&} 1437 re ' m Mr-* 14j36 n tt *4} >> 14&9 * " fsj Unsatisfactory will be checked upon receipt of new samples# RMS-1440 - R--Salt - lot 116-1 Satisfactory ) 1441 1448 1443 from General Aniline* * * " " 117-2 Unsatisfactory) " 118-3 * } " 119-2 " ) HIiS-1444 - R-Salt Paste Lot 32 from fiatdndal Aniline. Unsatisfactory* HJS1445 - ParafChlor-ortho-nitraniline from DuPont, Satisfactory* RMS-1446 Alkali Blue Water Pulp from Sherwin-Williams. Unsatisfactory - not workable on standard formulae. / DUP050316225 -- SMS-144? - R-Salt Paste - John Campbell - Unsatisfactory# RMS-1448 - Tri-sulphoil Soap - Scholler Bros# Satisfactory# RMS-1448 - Alkali Blue Water Pulp Red Shade from Galea Chem. Co* not workable on standard formulae# RMS-1450 - Alkali Blue Pulp R from N1Y* Color & Chem* Not workable on standard formulae* RISS--1451 - Lake Red SR Pulw lot jr70 - Satisfactory) " 1452 " " " " " 73 ~ Unsatisfactory 1453 " n " " " 74 - Satisfactory " . 1454 "' " "" " 76 - from Sherwin-Y/illiams* RMS-1455 - R-Salt Paste from John Campbell- Unsatisfactory. ^MS-1456 - Galco R Salt Paste - Calco Chem. Co. Satisfactory RMS-1457 - Lake Red CR Pulp Lot 78 from SherwinWilliams - Satisfactory* RMS-1468 Lithosol Soarlet 5B Paste from DuPont* Un* satisfactory* * \ DUP050316226  FXCagHT COLOR RESEARCH REPORT SUBMITTED BT: ?f-&****$ APPROVED BY: SEMIWQHKS PRODUCTION /s/ PILE: JSn^gOO-- DATE; SEPTEMBER 1935, ZHTRODPCTIOU 50 batches of 15 different colors were made; these included 15 batches of RT354I>* 7 batches of BT12SD, 3 batches of GiU*405tU# and 9 batches of Y299B* . , BT<*259**Bt H*B#S* Maroon* Two batches were made for use by Parlin in their lacquer work* RTS54D* Maroon Toner* Fifteen patches were made in a study of' the process and of the quality of T*0B*9* used* RT#S59*D* Pigment Bubine* Four batches were madeon KA7970 for production of yellow shading material* \ RT-363-U* Maroon Toner* Two-batches were made to etteck operation of this formula in the Semi-works* * , Barium Lithol. One large size batch of this lithol was ma|;e F to fill an order from the Rubber Division* RJ390*B$ Pigment Rubine Lake* Two batches were made using the new *' *79*70 toner formula* - RP-7971, Sulphanthrene Pink* One additional batch of this lake was r made for use by the Sales Service Lab* ; &..63-D, Chinese Blue*i Two additional batches were made, concluding the, "y, study of this-formula* // BT*122D, P*T#A* Toner* Seven batches of strong shading material were BE114*Dt Dry Dispersed Lake* One batch was'made to fill an order* 1' BP*7974i Ponsol Violet Lake* One batch of this lake was made for use in shading BL~iai*&*. GB-405D, Special Slay Color. Three batches were made to build up stoe||*w4 Y*359D, Medium Yellow-* Two batches were made in eontAnoatYSn of this stadyf , . Y*399*"t Medium Yellow* Bine additional batches were made in developments of a. nitrate formula* ' Y**7SS8*D, Primr^e Yellow* Two batches were made in connection with this p, ip^ohleft* ` ., DUP050316227 - / .,.; V #M safe. PBoamTiaEr BBPOBi f o b s e pt s mbs h 195s. SW Ho* 7281 82 83 84 7285 8S 87 88 89 7290 91 92 95 . 94 7295 96 97 98 99 7500 01 OS 05 04 7505 06 07 08 09 7310 11 12 IS 14 7515 16 17 18 19 7320 21 22 , 25 24 7525 26 27 28 29 330 ''"a.;*- Coda Lbs. Struck HP-79 7jp:r 12 Y-359-D 157 RT-259-D 23 BT-122-D RT--354--B 30 109 B-63-D 120 RT354-B 109 120 BT-122-D 30 Y-7888-D 155 RT-354--B 109 BT-122--D 30 RT-354-B RT-259-D 109 23 Y<*7888*D Part Of SW--7290 RT-354-D 109 GE405D 902 RI-554-D 109 Y-788Q-B 155 BB*114*D 582 Y-788S-D Part Of SW-7299 Y-299-B 157 RT-354-D 109 BT-122-B 30 RT354B tf RT-359-B 109 109 54 It Y-299-D 157 RL407B 414 GE*405*D RT*359*B 499 54 R7-354-D Y-299-B RT-354-B Y-359-P 100' 157 tftft jg7 GE401aiO: RT-S6'.' 497 109 BP-797**1) Y-2 RT-354-B SO 157 109 R7-359-B. Y-299-B ' IT 54 157 157 RT-354--B 109 RT-359*B 54 Y-299-B 15? RT-354--D 109 BT*122B : w *;r.. 30 50 f Lbs*. Packed 10 160 23 29 118 123 ill 124 27 143 114 51 117 21 lie 892 11? 155 565 156 120 50 120 120 61 157. 416 . 435 56 ' 87 im 126 159 48? 117 * 48 156 119 53 156 158 115 55 160 110 51 50 4 Yield 83.4 101*9 100.0 96.7 108.3 102.5 101.9 103*5 90*0 92.3 104.6 103.2 107.3 91.3 108.3 98.9 107.2 87.1 97.1 99.3 110.0 100.0 110.0 110.0 113.0 100.0 100.5 87,2 104.7 ^.,81*0. 98.1 115,5 101.4 97,9, 107.2 96.0 ! 109.1 98/1 99,5 10016 103.6 98.1 102.0 101.0 103.0 100.0 * >:,*? v V . > . . 'i /? V DUP050316228 SW Ho* #$31 '32 33 34 7335 35 Caan Yv.a9$-B HT-363-B T B1V122-B RE~390B Y-299-B Lbs. Strueic Lbs. Pac&ed % Yield 157 159 101.4 102 109 93.7 102 109 93.7 30 28 93.4 505 500 99.0 157 157 100.0 8049 SOSO 103c 2 4 * 4 t i '4 * > -4.*\ i ! MifriMimi -'ifHm DU P050316229 ._ {?> `' - .5 ' ? k-' ' c r stJMauEa^ijjr #10 b l d g , p r o d u c t io n r b f o b t f o b Se p t e mb e r 1955. No. of Batches___________ Coda_______ libs.Straek Lbs. Packed. s ?T-2S9*B 46 44 15 BT--354--D 1635 1727 4 BT-359-B 216 223 2 RT-368-D 204 218 1 RL-407-D 414 416 1 RE*3^0-D 505 500 1 BP-WX-D 12 10 2 B-63-D- 240 247 7 BT-122-D 210 206 1 BE-114*D 582 565 1 BP-7974 50 43 3 GE-405-D 1898 1814 2 Y-359-B 314 330 9 Y-299-B 1413 1414 S Y-788S-B 310 278 & Yield 95.7 108.1 103.2 106,8 105.0 99.0 85,4 102.7 98,1 97.0 96,0. 91.7 101.9 99.8 89.7 Total 3049 8030 98.2 1 '?& . ' * .jJifgekf'fe"'' W-- % --' \ \ DUP050316230 RECAPITULATION Colors transferred from Semi-Works in September 1935* Toner s Bines "RB Lakes' "BP" ft "RL* ft Maroon Toners PT*j Toners 210Q$' 49S 1460 72 610 160 232 5,182$ 'i .Jvw. . i i DUP050316231 Lot 426| 4251 4215 4211 4271 4272 4273 4274 4285 4286 4287 4288 4289 4302 4305 4304 CR-2GQ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 n Color Code RT-35f:B t RT-354D ft n it % it `tt tt i? t it tt tr Lbs, 162 313 90 90 119 110 115 117 119 119 123 120 1 120 87 128 118 Grout) 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Cost Unit Total #137.43 115.38 4217 4218 4275 4276 4281 42S4 4308 4280 4277 4278 4379 4299 4500 4301 4263 4282 4290 4138 4269 4292 429$ 4294 4295 4296 5 5 5 5 6 6 m 10 ii n ii ii n n 12 12 12 25 25 25 25 25 25 35 B-63-B If n tt GE-415-D BS-114-0 BP-7974-D RP-7971 BL-7986-D BL-151-D RL**407*B tt n " RT219-B RT259B RT259*I> BT122D B5S125*JD BT-182-D n tt tt ft 124 125 124 125 895 517 49' 23 54 37 30 50 54 385 114 22 ' 24 n 84 31, 27 31 31 7 2 27.14 2 2 2 1 11.85 1 15.57 2 439.46 1 292.83 X 45.70 2 44^22 2 46.15 2 1 46.15 1 ' 205.74 1 211.10 1 3 144.90 2 302.49 2 143.31 2 143.01 2 3 2 t i \ 1i '\ * ! i ixutiba DUP050316232 irp:pi: /O .JIA.TEBIAL IK PROCESS AS OF OCTOBER 1st, 1935 RESEARCH BEME-WORKS_________________ SR-200 Code RT-359-D RT-363-D RT-354-D Lbs* 425 200 330 3* Code Lbs* Y--5Q5--D Y-202-B Y-359-D ' Y-299-D 445 25 470 1350 6. Code Lbs* BS-391-D 500 Gl405-D 923 a* Code Lbsa Y0-38-D 300 25, BT125*D BT-122-B B#-7982 BT-7983 9 37 50 83 115 RT-7745 50 129 GX-309-D 377 11* GL-407-D 40 Three grinds of dry color, 9 grinds of pulp color and 6 mixes were made in the Research Semi-Works for the plant during September 1935* Bry Grinds P*T*A. toner C*P. Blues Ghsnges 737-S 742-S - Batches 1 2 ` '5 Lbs* 10 1253 1363 gulp Grinds Green Toner Red " C*P* Yellow 737-S tt Bhls* Lbs* 5 20 1784 100# 2 & 623 2 4 488 9 If 339^ 100# \ P*T*A* Toners Red Toner C.P. Yellow C*P.Green G*F*Blue 751-S " 753**S 755S 756-S 2 1 1 1 1 5 271 121 275 300 425 1392 # 17 ijariBtoaaa DUP050316233