Document rBD6KQXKKakOo2QLwgD7DdEMG

FILE NAME: National Safety Council (NSC) DATE: 1943 Oct DOC#: NSC246 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Excerpt - Transactions of the NSC 32nd National Safety Congress 1P O > C W O VOLOME I T tH E Transactions of the 32nd National Safety Congress -*and Exposition of the National Safety Cotmtil are published in tw o volumes. Volume I contains the General Sub ject and Industrial Section sessions. Volume II contain tile Public Safety, Child Education, Home Safety and Farm Safety sessions. Volume I is distributed to 9 members of the Connd!. Volume II is sent to those m em b ers who arc believed to be interested chiefly in the sessions it contains. The Transactions are a record of the proceedings of the Congress, condensed and edited for reference purposes. They are therefore an abridged version of the papers and discussions. The original m anuscripts, some of which have drawing? and charts too expensive to reproduce here, are available in the files of the National Safety Council. The National Safety Council, at its Congresses, seeks to eliminate from discussion m atters which are : at pertinent 1 to the aims of the Congress, o- which may be contrary to the Council's policies. However, it cannot accept responsibility for all views expressed, either in the discussions of the Congress itself or in this record of them. E x tra copies of Volume I may be obtained by Council members at the following ra te s: l to 10 copies at $2.00 each; 11 or more copies at $1.75 each. E xtra copies of Volume II are 75 cents each. i s. % 1k THE NATIONAL SAFETY COOMOL, W C. SO Norfh V o tia r W r* Chicago, BHnoi \ i J N ational Safety Council, Inc. Honorary Members A ssociation o r b o x and Steel E ngineers W. H. Cameron Robert W. Campbell Lew R. P almes O fficers (1942*1943) Col. John- Stilwell, President I, W. Millard, Vice-President for Finance and Treasurer T. H ellmuth, Asst. Vies-President for Finanet and Asst. Treasurer. 3. B. McCi lloch, Assistant Treasurer Walt:* S. P aine, Vice-President for Industrial Safety Less R. Palmes, Vice-President for Transportation A. \ r. Rohwlder, Vice-President for Home and Farm Safety jh dce Lee E. S keel, Vice-President for Community Councils R. T. SoLExsrex, Vice-President for Membership Leslie J. Sorenson, Vice-President for Public Safety Dr. Lewis A. W ilson, Vice-President for Education N ed H. Dearborn, Executive Vice-President, Managing Director and Secretary R. L. Forney. Assistant Secretary O fficers (1943-1944) Col. John Stilweu, President I. W. Millard, Vice-President for Finance and Treasurer H. H eximltii, Assistant Treasurer B. B. McCvlloch, Assistant Treasurer H arold L . Miner, Vice-President for Home and Farm W alter S. Paine, Vice-President for Industry Jrw,E Lee E. S nell, Vice-President for Local Safety Organizations R. T. Sorenson, Vice-President for Membership Dr. T. H. H eald, Vice-President for Schools and Colleges Leslie J. Sorenson, Vice-Preside for Traffic Lew R. P almer, Vice-President for Transportation Ned H D earborn, Executive Vice-President R. L. Forney, Secretary THE E3i M em ber Done Vo J. I W al Ch F ol* L. J Oh C V A J N eo R. E J am Jvu T. J G H. ' W. W. J ob N J. V T( D I. V H a, D J ob Eu, Wa C C 1 li iv THE EXECUTIVE M embers Donalo B. Armstrong, M.D., Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., Ne' York City. j. I. Banash, Consultine Engineer, Chicago, 111. Wallace N. Barker, Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Co., Chicago. 111. Folke Baocia, Rhinelander Paper Co., Rhinelander, M is. L. J. Benson, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad, Chicago, ill. C. W. B aso v TST, Hinsdale, 111. A. J. R. Curtis, Portland Cement Association, Chicago, 111. N H. Dearsorn, National Safety Council, Inc., Chicago, III. R. E. Donovan, Standard Oil Co. of California, San Francisco, Calif. J am es L. Fie>er, American Red Crocs, Washington, D . C. .tuuEM H. H ar'EV, National Conservation Bureau, New York City. T. Lvle H azlett, M.D., Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co., East Pittsburgh, Pa. H. T. H eals, Ph.D., Illinois Institute of Technology, 1"hkago, 111. W. A J arvis, Chase Brass & Copper Co. Inc., Water bury, Corni. W. Dean K ie n s , Lumbermens Mutual Casualty Co., Chicago, 1.11. John E. Long, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y. J. Willaru Logs, Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Thos. H. MacDonals, Public Roads Administrt n. Washington, D. C I. W. Molars, Industrial Glares Co. Danville, 111. H aroms L. Miner, EL I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del. J ohn J. Nash, Office of Secretary of State, Springfield, 111. Euot Ness, Federal Security Agency, Washington, I). C. W aihcr S. P aine, Aetna Life ft Affiliated O Conn, C. E. P i m hone, American MuUr I Mass. v BOARD (1943-1944) At Large R. J. S m u r a , New Heven Trap Rock Co. New Haven, Cool Col. Ht.itv A. Rzningo, 3rd Civilian Defense Region, Baltimore, Md. A. V R o u w n n , Duhrth, Missabe & Iran Range Railway Cow r jluth, Mirai. J ud;e L a E. Sksxl, Appetiate Court, Cleveland, Ohio. Th o m u F. S mith, Oliver Iron ft Steel Corp.( Pittsburgh, Pa. rvsTEK, Elliott Service Co., New York City. go, IB. Chicago, IQ. Cou _ New York ._. of New York, Inc- C H. W atson, M.D., Brookfield Center W:luam B Way, Radio Station KVOG, -, Okla. V. A. ZIMMES, U. S. Depa rtment of Labor, Washington, D. C. ( Representatives of the Confrence of Local Safety Organisations) Ginacs M. B v m Kansas City Safety Council, Kansas City, Mo. G. A. Haussa, Henry Vogt Machine Co., Louisville, Ky. L E. M s f B m r t Mrasachosetts Safety Ooncil, Boston, Mass. Russati. E. Pisaaav, Stadebaker Coip, South Bend, Ind. Fm> M. Rossola*, Newark Safety Council, Newark, N. J. H enev G. ScHAFVNaa, Schaffner Brothers Co., Erie, Pa Caw. L. Smith, Greater Cleveland Safety Council, Cleveland, Ohio. (Representatives of the Conference of Sections) W. F. Boowm, Consolidated Edison Co. of New York. Inc , New York City. I). C. Duncan, Appalachian Electric Power Co.. Btoefiekt, W. Va, II. H. FrawsoN, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. W. A. H azabd. Bethlehem Steel Co.. Bethlehem, Pa. Wills MacLachlan, Electrical Employers Association, Toronto, Ont., Canada. ,,T, G k . R. C. StaATTON, Safety ft Security Branch, Chicago. HI. C. E. W o o u n n , General Motors Corp., Melrose Park, 111. vt Otte* 190-1943 Gemmt Ckmrmm Ca i E. H aussa, Mardi & McLennan, In c, New York, N . Y. Vie* Gemerai Ckmrmm W . C Ganaonf, P ittsburgh Steamship C o, Cleveland, Ohio. Advisor* Committee (Post Gemerei Chairmen)--Beton O. Pkkajib, Waterfront Employers' A n o n th e of the Pacific Coast, San Franosa, Calif. Cattai Eswab C Hotnmr, Jb., United States P . i L Agency, In c, New York, N . Y. Catta;a E. W . F isk*. Jl , Socomr-Vaconm (Ml C o, la c . New York, N . Y. John 3. H tnrna, The Atlantic Refining C o. Phfladriphia, Pa. Cattai Fbahk H. Cogam, The Delaware, Lackawanna k Western R. R. C o, Hoboken, N. J. A n s o t M. T e n , Consulting E ng, New York, N. Y. Assistant Cenerai Ckaiemm (Executive Committee Activities)--Fsank J. Tayum, Ameri can Merchant Marine Institote, Inc, New York, N . Y. AssistmU Generai Ckmrmm (Memberskie)--Cckmxuus H . Caixagbam, The Maritime Association of the Pbet of New York, New York, N . Y. Assistant Central Ckoirmm (Skip Construction and Repair)--Castiu Kimball, Bethlehem Steel C o, Bethlehem, Pa. Assistant Cenerai Ckmrmm (U arme Industrial and PnbUc Relatione)--T. E. Buchanan, ^M arine Dept, The T e n s J X New York, N . Y. , . "Assistant'General ChairumT(Programs, Meetings ami Conventions)--E. P. H n cas, U . S. IJTipiOW VllttpttW lPlil vOBHUlWKIn, TtrUUiUfAIU, !/ V. Secretary--Habolb M. G. Wick, American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N. Y. Editor; Mtrme News Letter--Cattai Himnr Blackstokx, United States P. & I. Agency, In c, Sax. Francisco, Calif. Admiralty ami Maritime Counsellor--Hornet Eoknbach, New York, N . Y. Ckoirmm, Coastal Regione Vice Aomiaal R. R. W aischi, U. S. Coast Guard, Washing ton, D. G Assisumt Chairman, Coastal Regione--Cattaim (E ) H . N . P a n am, U. S. Coast Gnard, Washington, D. C Director, Atlantic Regm--'W autan F. Jou is, Gtdf Oil Corp, New York, N. Y. Assistant Director, Atlantic Region--U . J. Hamlom, Black Diamond Steamship Corp, W ee- hawken, N. J. Director, Gulf Region--A. H . S a u c e , Freeport Ssdpfanr Co., Port Snlphttr, La. Assistant Director, Gulf Region--R. P. SUcka , Mississippi Shipping C o, New Orleans, Director, Paride Region--Es t a i J. Ba u , Waterfront Employers Assn, of Southern Cali fornia, I/m g Beach, Calif. Director, Great Lake* Region--A . T . Wocn, Lake C a rn a i' Association, Cleveland, Ohio. Director, C m ad te Region--Johm W . M cG tm , Canola Steamship Lines, L td, Montreal, P. Q , Canada. Director, Ohio River Region--G. O. Gsnmw, Dravo Corp, Neville Island Pittsburgh, Pa. Assistant Director, Ohio River Regkm--J. E. Jackmah, McCrady-Rodgers C o, Pittsburgh, Pa. Director, AU fa t e d Waterway* Luoyp A. Blakchaab, Chief, Safety Section, Corps of Engineers, Washington, D. C. S P E O A L SERVICE COMMITTEES Ckoirmm, Committee far the Advancement of the Ameeicm Merchant Marine--Rea* Ath Mnuu. Emo*y S. Lams, U . S. Navy (R td.), Chairman, U. 3. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. G 383 384 . 2nd National Safety Congress, 1943 Chairman, Committee on Operations of Liners and Cargo Vessels--Captain Logan Cresap, Isthnvan Steampship Co., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Stevedoring Committee--' ohn W. McGrath, Ja-, John W. McGrath Corp., New York, N. Y. CViairwon, Statistics and Contests Committee--Bshjamin H. Self, The Traveler Insur ance Co., New York, N. Y. i Chairman, Poster Committee--Jons Wright, American Export line, Inc, Jersey City, N.J. Assistant Chairman, Poster Committee--A. T. Johnskn, American Export Lines, Inc., New York, N. Y. Chatrma-i, Publicity am' Publications Committee--H amol J. Harding, "Marine Progress," New York, N. Y. Chairman, Engineering and Minimum Standards Committee--A. J. Smith, Marine Oihce of America, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Tankers Committee--J ames E. Moss, The Atlantic Refining Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ( airman, U. S. .Vary Cards Safety Committee--E. B. Landry, U. S. Navy, Washington, D. C. {'hairman, Maritime Associations Committee--Frank C. Gregory, Waterfront Employers' Association of San Fnuicisco, San Francisco, Cali! Special Maritime Adinst r--P rofessor H. L. Seward, Yale University, School of Engineer ing, New Havei, Ctnn. SPECIAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETY IN NATIONAL DEFENSE, SHIPBUILDING, INSPECTIONS, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING Chairman, Naval Committee for Safety in National Defense--Rear Admiral C. W. F isher. U. S. Navy, Washington, D. C. Chairman, New Ship Design and Construction Committee--Rear Admiral H. L. Vickery, U. S. Navy, Commiss oner, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Technical Committee, (Design and Accident Prevention Measures)--James L. Bates, U. S. Maritini: Commission, Washington, D. C Chairman, Ship Inspections Committee and U. S. Government Bureaus- .'aptain R. S. Field. U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Committee on Education and Training of Ship Personnel---T elfair K night, War Shipping Admin stration, Washington, D. C. I  \) ! <J*.AN C*t>A P, h Corp., New ivelers I sur- jersey City, t Lines, !jk., ne Progress,'* irme ChBce of liadelphia, Pa. , Washington, nt Employers' ! of Engicieer- ATIOXAL TRAINING W. F isher, . L. V ickery, r>--J ames L. AFTAJ ' ' R. S. FA KfCiGHt, General Chairman--W. C. Garbutt, Pittsburgh Steamship Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Vue-Central Chairman--Carts* Kendall, Bethlehem Steel Company, Bethlehem, Pa. Advisory Committee (Past General Chairmen)-- Caxl E. Holmes, Marsh k McLennan, Inc, New York, N. Y. Byron O. Pickaeb, Waterfront Employers' Association o$ the Pacific Coast, San Frandaco, California. C *rt. Edward C Holden, Jr., United States P. & I. Agency, Inc., New York, N. Y. G un. E. W. Fnncs, J a , Socony-Vacuura OB Co, Inc, New York, N. Y. John S. H un tu , The Atlantic Refining Go., Philadelphia, Pa. Gunr. Frank H. Gocan, The Delaware, Lackawanna 4 Western R. R. Company, Hoboken, N. J. Arthub U . Tone, Consulting Engineer, 17 Battery Place, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Executive Committee Activities m N ew York)--Willard F, Jones, Gulf Oil Cotjl, New York, N. Y. Assistant Central Chairman (Membership)--E. P. Hokes, U. S. Employees' Compensa tion Commilsioo, Washington, D. G Assistant General Chairman (Ship Construction and Repair)--W ill:an E Lawrence, New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey. Assistant General Chairman (Marine Industrial Relations)--T. E. Buchanan, The Texas Company, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Public Relations)--Cornelius H. O llaohan, Maritime Association of the Port of New York, New York, N. Y. Assistant General Chairman (Posters)--A. H. Schroder, Freeport Sulphur Company, Port Sulphur, La. Vice-Chairman (Posters) --Ralph E. H ubbard, Walter Butler Shipbuilders, Inc., Superior, Wisconsin. Secretary--H arold M. G. W ick, American Bureau of Shipping, New York, N. Y. Editor, Marine News Letter--Capt. Henry Blackstoxe, United States P. & I. Agency, Inc, San Francisco, California. Assistant Editor, Marine News Letter--E. F. Lange, Bethlehem-Alameda Shipyard, Ala meda, California. Admiralty and Maritime Counsellor--Harry Eidexbach, 111 John S t, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Coasted Regions--Vice Admiral R. R. W aesche, Commandant, U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. G Assistant Chairman, Coastal Regions--Capt. (E ) H. N. Pemham, District Coast Guard Engineer, Third Naval District, New York, N. Y. Director, Atlantic Region--T heodore Geise*. Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Com pany, Kearny, New Jersey. Assistant Director, Atlantic Region--John M. T ubbs. Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Newport News, Virginia. Director, Gulf Region--Joseph F. Zucca, Consolidated Steel Corp, Orange, Texas. Assistant Director, Gulf Region--E. P. Richaed, Mississippi Shipping Co., Hibernia Bank Bldg.. New Orleans, La. Director, Pacific Regign--James E. McDonaid, Permanente Metals Corp., Richmond, California. Assistant Director, Pacific Region--S. T. Smith, Consolidated Steel Corporation, Los Angeles, California. Director, Great Lakes Region--A. T. Wood. I.ake Carriers' Association, Cleveland, Ohio. Director, Canadian Region--Jo n s W. McGifein, Canada Steamship Lines, Ltd., Mon treal, P. Q , Canada. Director, Ohio River Region--G. O. GarrriN. Dravo Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. Assistant Director, Ohio River Region--J. E. J ackman, McC ady-Rodgers Company, Pittsburgh, Pa. Director, A ll Inland Waterways--Lloyd A. Blanchard, Safety & Accident Prevention Branch, Corps of Engineers. U. S. A., Washington, D. C. SPECIAL SERVICE COMMITTEES Chairman. Committee for the Advancement of the American Merchant Marine--RjKAS Admiral E mory S. Land, L S. Navy (Rtd.), Chairman, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. C Chairman, Commit tee on Operations of Liners and Largo Vessels--C,Art. Logan C u s tf, Isthmian Steamship Co., New York, N. Y. Chairman, Stevedoring Committee--John W. McGrath, Jr, John W. McGrath Cccp, New York, N. Y. Chairman, Statistics & Contests Committee--Benjamin H. Star, The Travelers Insurance Co., New York, N. Y Vice-Chairman, Statistics & Contests Committee--Itvnt L. H agrmann, Tampa Ship building Company, Inc., Tampa, Florida Chairman, PntdicUy and Publications Committee--Ha m u J. Ha m K ) Editor, "Marine Progress," 95 Broad Street, New York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman, Publicity and Publications Committee--R. C Brandon, Seattk-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation, Tacoma, Washington. Oiotrma*. Engineering a*d Minimum Standards Committee--A. J. SurrH , Marine Office of America, New York, N. Y. Chairman. Tankers Committee--J ames E. Moss, The Atlantic Refining Company, Phila delphia, Pa. Vice-Chairman, U. S. N svy Yards Safety Committee--E. 1. Lahmy, Shore Establish ments Dhr., Navy Dept, Washington, D. C Chairman, Maritime Associations Committee--Frank G' Gregory, Waterfront Employers' Association of San Fmncisco, San Francisco, California. Special Maritime Advisa'--Professor H. L. Sawakd. Y ak University, School of Engi neering, New Haven, Coul Assistant Chairman (Programs, Meetings and Conventions)--Harold J. Sbgrave, Mine Safety Appliances Co., New York, N. Y. SPECIAL GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETY IN NATIONAL DEFENSE. SHIPBUILDING, INSPECTIONS, AND PERSONNEL TRAINING Chairman, Saved Committee for Safety m National Defense--R*ar Amoral G W. F khex, U. S. Navy, Dir. of Shore Establishments, Navy Department, Washington, D. G Chairman, New Ship Design and Construction Committee-- Bia * Admiral H. L. Vickery, U. S. Navy, Commissioner, U. S. Maritime Commission, Washington, D. G Chairman, Technical Committee (Design & Accident Prevention Measures}--J aums L. Bates, D ir, Technical Dhr, U. S, Maritime Commission, Washington, D. G Chainmm, Ship inspection Committee and U. S. Government Bureaus--Cats. R. S. Frtu>, U. S. Coast Guard. Washington, D. G Chairman, Committee on Education and Training of Ship Personnel---Teleajr Knight, War Shipping A iminiitratioo, Washington, D. G t As elected *"> ..-legates In CROgrem Sessioo Presiding the I In or< and effic of the coordina ernment indirectl lems. L liaison and Nat Office W ar an as well the Nat Petrolei shres, tl writers, sociatio courage coordin other a in sev< formal of repn amende tection ject ha unnece that al are ass their i mum a In i the Co ha la n e for tin meastai that if be baL is the efhciei a max been < 1_ Marine Section 401 mart after landing to quickly flip scat out from between his legs. The inboard end of the line passes through a block then over a cleat. Several turns of the line are always taken around the cleat. On the end of each landing boom a light has been installed, the rays of which are directed downward and brightly il luminate the surface on which the deck hands have to land. Since putting these rules into effect in 1938, the most serious accident reported to date has been a sprained ankle. You all know that the success of safety work depends upon the support received from company management, and in this regard I would like to say that the inter est and support of our management has been excellent Safety aboard a lake freighter is a broad subject, but possibly you are now aware of some of the problems with which we are confronted each operating season. W ith lake freighters performing such an important role sn the transportation system of both the United Stages and Canada, it is imperative that the present manpower shortage is not aggravated by avoidable personal juries. This challenge is being m et Lake freighters are carrying record cargoes of ore and coal cargoes vital to our war program. THURSDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 7, 1943 Presiding: D. L. Hartnett, Regional Safety Consultant, U. S. Maritime Commission, Philadelphia, Pa. Th C ontrol o! Fum ea in S hipyards W ILLIAM S . LAW RENCE Safety Engineer, N ew York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N . J. Many articles have been published on this subject, including miles of statistics; however. I am sure that every shipyard in this country today has acquired knowledge through experience and information un selfishly passed on by pioneers in ship welding until it is assumed that everyone knows the most satisfactory fume elimina tion is tttat of ventilation by exhaustion. Kxtenc ive experiment during the past decade with different types of equipment prosed that the surest method was to reniov th.; trouble at its source. Blowers - d exhausting devices were developed ac cordingly, with satisfactory results. Res pirators fitted with metal fume filters will give some protection when fume con centrations arc low. In common with other shipyards and heavy industries, much care is being exer cised b> plant medical staffs in routine re-checks and re-examinations of workers exposed to welding fumes. In so far as we know, we still can honestly state that we have not had one case' of lasting or per- maneni ill effect to any one associated with welding, tacking, burning or heating. New Method and Precantkms You may be in crested to hear of a de velopment new to us at our plant. It may be new to some of you also. I refer to carbon arc burning in connection with smoothing off the large countersunk heads of tap bolts in a mor plate decks. These heads were formerly chipped and ground off flush with the deck plates. This was a long, tiresome, r ough and costly job. By the ust of the ca bon arc, they are burned off so that only small amount of grind ing is necessary, thus cutting the time and labor to a minimum. (5/16" carLon, 400 amps., 7000' F.) Of course, the fume and dust hazard had to receive special consideration. This was accomplish :d by the use of a cc inpressed air jet, which blows the slag and carbon residue into exhauster funnels located at the ends of two J" metallic flexible tubes vith powerful portable ex 402 3 2nd National Safety Congress, 1943 hausters at the outlet eadt of these i u n tubes. This equipment is skidded easily along the deck as required ami is kept close to the job at all tim es, even elim inat ing the necessity for the nse of respira tors Seasonal Haaards Many other fumes must be controlled in shipyards. One of the seasonal hazards in our own plant w ill la v e to receive at tention before the adv< it of cold weather, which is just around th: corner. Men w ill build fires in any kind of a receptacle in spite of safety men and supervision, and w ill use fuel, such as charcoal or coke, without stopping to realize the danger in volved and the necessity for proper venti lation, The resulting carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases are both deadly and create oxygen deficiencies. W e recently issued a notice in connec tion with this hazard and posted it con spicuously. It stated that if any fire pots were found on ship contracts, plant pro tection men should immediately contact a safety inspector and be governed by his decision as to the removal of same. Fomas From F lna 1 think we should mention the danger of fumes from fires in ships on the ways, while under construction, and in the water after launching. Many of the fires may be trivial but there is always the possibility of men being trapped by smoke and toxic fumes and unable to get out from below decks. This is when the trained safety inspector or a good watch force man com es into the picture He must quickly don a mask, book on a life rope and go down to make sure everyone is o u t H e must be followed ,s closely as possible by another m?r, with a powerful electric lamp. It any deficiency of oxygen is sus pected, an oxygen breathing mask m ast be worn. Ventilation must be provided at once, smoke and fumes must be exhausted and a fresh supply o f sir blown in. Much could be added about the maxi mum allowable concentration for carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, but the main point to remember is that carbon monoxide is the number one poison kilter, boh in industrial and non-occupational life, following d o se upon auto accidents as a cause of death. It is true that wher ever there is smoke yon may aspect car bon monoxide. By all means take no chances, 'k w 't wait for a chem ist's report on the samples of air from suspected areas. Ventilate t Constant alertness on the part o f watch force men and safety inspectors is an absolute necessity to combat such hazards. The education o f the meu by their super visors aad the use o f v>anting posters is recommended, but above all, ventilation by exhaustion and the introduction of a fresh supply of air is imperative under these dangerous conditions. Several nar row escapes from death have been experi enced in shipbuilding doe to the thought lessness of the men and not because of ignorance. They forget to think. lamlatfam hi* The use of insulation cement, if it con tains toxic solvents such as carbon tetra chloride, is a menace to workmen unless precautions are taken to properly safe guard them under such hazardous condi tions. A large shipyard recently experi enced such conditions which were brought to the attention o f the plant health com m ittee and the management. The result was that the entire . apply was re-distilled and a substitute safe solvent provided, thus elim inating the hazard without loss of m aterial This dem onstrates again that careful planning w ill assure safety with production, always a winning pair. The use of water repellent asbestos in sulation has recently replaced som e types of material formerly used in ship work. For protection against dust or possible asbestosit from such m aterial it is rec ommended that both on ships and in shops, or where the material is prepared, it be dampened and that dust respirators be worn, also that special ventilation be provided. Periodic medical examination of those exposed to toch hazards it also necessary. m aatfeg mm! Plating Sand blasting and shot blasting, with its silicosis hazard, can be done safely if provision is made for standard sand blast rooms or cabinets. Special ventila tion must b spectkms of enced safetj check-up m Regular | mg X-rays, ptrion of a 1 detected by reported at for umnedii begins to ei that bis eg Fum es ai shops are < haust ventil ducts from out of the i Plating r tdating syi longer a pr yard. A ft ferent storj Recent cl on naval vt of zinc ehri not particu when sp n Respirator! ventilation, where iarg are placed tanks, the recomment for efficiei ever, crane such iocat tanks, shot Fans may blow fumi operators. Protect job in whi any subset daily, foe < burning, si material ii tam ing le. local exha less than 200 c-f.m. tam inated satisfactor In ship tiiation a r to accidents xue that wher*y suspect car- :hances. 1"H>a`t on the samples as. Ventilate! part of watch pcctors is an t soefe hazards, by their super* u | posters is all, ventilation rodoetkm o f a p m th e under - Several nar* re been expert* 0 the thought, tot because of think. rials nent, if it con* 1 carbon tetra* orfcmen antes* property safe* zardous condiecently expert* i rare brought it health com* it. The result v as re-dittiUed provided, thus itbout lom of a s again that re safety with tg pair. at asbestos in* ed som e types ;n ship work, st or possible rial, it is rec* ships and 1 1is prepared, it tst respirators ventilation be j examination uuards is also blasting, with a d ose safely standard sand pedal ventila* Marmt Section 403 tton m ost be provided, w ith frequent in spections o f all equipment by an experi enced safety inspector or supervisor. T his check-up m ast never be neglected. Regular periodic exam inations, lad ing X -rays, are mandatory. The least sus picion o f a leaking fact piece can be w ily detected by the operator aad ahoeM be reported at once to the safety department tor hmnedietc correction. If on operotor begins to eat sand, he w ill realize at once that We equipment is aot safe. Fumes and dust from friction saws in shops areen sfly removed by proper ex haust ventilation and should be carried by ducts from the machine to dost collectors out o f the shops if possible. Plating room fumes, with modern ven tilating system s now available, are no longer a probl m in aay up to late ship yard. A few years ago, however, a dif ferent story coaid be told. R ecast changes in painting specifications on navai vessels have provided for the use o f zinc chromate which, although perhaps not particularly toxic, m ust be considered when sprayed in small compartments. Respirators are advocated along w ith safe ventSatioa. W hen working ia large shops urhere large plates are sprayed, after they are placed hi racks from the pickling tanks, the m e o f ak line respirators is recommended, as them areas are too large for efficient exhaust ventSstiou. H ow ever, crane operators handling material in such locations, especially above pickling tanks, should be provided with respirators. Fans may be placed in the crane cabs to blow fumes and vapor away from the operators. Protection must be furnished for any job la rhich dust fumes or smoke from any subsance containing lead is breathed daily, for exam ple; when welding, cutting, burning, shrinking or straightening where material is m etal, coated with paint con taining louL Special ventilation, using local exhaust hoods or tubing kept not less than 8" from the job and drawing 200 c tm . discharged where the con taminated air w ill not be breathed, is satisfactory. In ship construc tion two types of ven tilation are nsed, local exhaust to remove tame at the point o f origin end general vent&atkm to supply fresh air to confined Lacqoer spraying, if done hi approved booths, property ventilated, presents no g reater problem. W hen cleaning com pounds are being used, chemical cartridge respirators w ill give protection if con centrations sro low. T he use of proper extinguishers on dif ferent type firm m ust be considered. Fum ej from the use o f the wrong ones may cause the death o f persons improp erly instructed. Periodic demonstrations by those responsible should be made for the benefit of firemen, watch force men, and safety inspectors. T he use of instruc tive posters and bulletins is also advised. Fumigation of refrigerator spaces in ships practically ready for delivery is im portant Precautions must be taken to safeguard men whose duty it is to open and ventilate such spaces after fumiga tion. T hey m ost wear all-service gas m asks while installing temporary ventila tion equipment and, if a defici ncy of oxygen is suspected, aa oxygen breathing apparatus m ost be used. Cooperation of MunagaoMnt An important item in ventilation of ships o n d a construction is to impress manage m ent with the necessity for co-operative planning by the engineering department and drawing rooms for the early installa tion of as muck of the ships permanent ventilation system as possible, especially in engine and boiler roonu. Present con struction of naval vessels practically pro hibits the use of temporary ventilation units, due to the inaccessibility o f such spaces and the im possibility of bringing in fresh air, especially after they are closed in. The importatee of the availability of trained ventilation men must be con sidered. Their services are vital in the avoidance of delays in maintaining con tinuous production. T he elimination of fam es by their alertness to such hazards and inconvente tces w ill help to minimize absenteeism aad assure delivery o f ships th e id o f schedule, thus assuring a quicker victory. 404 32nd National S afety Congress, 1943 We must not forget the importance of organized first aid crews trained in the use of inhaiators, resuscitators and ap proved methods cf artificial respiration. These crews with portable emergency equipment must be available and ready to art at a moments notice. Perhaps one oi the most important methods of impressing employees, espe cially new ones, ith the idea of danger from respiratory and other hazards is through safety im truction in orientation classes before they start to work. This is being done in many industrial plants with marked success. We believe that such a program will be of vital interest to those who have had no previous shipyard ex perience. Before closing I want to mention the ventilation standards as recommended in the U. S. N ary Department--U. S. Mari time Commission, "Safety and Industrial Health Manual in Contract Shipyards" a recent issue, and the "1021 Answers to Industrial Health and Safety Problems" published this year by Occupational Hazards, Inc. They are most helpful and timely publications and should be avail able to everyone connected wtjh safety programs in any industry. C ran S afety L IE U T . COM DR. L. F. K EN G LE, U .S.N . (R et) A survey of the information at hand on crane safety show that there is a wealth of material on this serious subject. It has been exhaustively studied and reported. As you know, s*;mdards of safety have been set up by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, by the Bureau of Yards and Docks of the Navy Depart ment, by the National Safety Council, by the American Standards Association, by the states in thtir Industrial Accident Commissions and by the insurance carriers for private concerns. It should be apparent then, that since these extensive standards cover the design of the structure and the safety of the mechanical equipment and pro.ective devices, cranes may be acquired, redesigned and overhauled with a maxi mum of assurance that from the items of design every 'mown hazard to health and sfety wii! be eliminated. Criticism o f Present Rules From the above sources there may also he gained a well-rounded set of rules covering inspection and test. Not only is this information available from these sources, but methods of reporting, check ing and inspection can be set up, so that positive assurance may be had that these minimum standards will be maintained throughout the life of the equipment. These rules cover the vast majority of all crane operations. The only criticisms that may be leveled at these rules are. First, in the simplification of the rules so they may be easily understood by all operators; secondly, in the adequacy of the rules to cover all incidents; third, in the standardi zation of the equipment used; and, fourth, in providing weight indicators to supple ment on the part of the operators. It requires ju-`,ment to make the rules fit into one's own crane problems, it is recommended that they be perused thor oughly, so that sets of rules and instruc tions may be made out for eaeh activity with extraneous material eliminated from the instruction books issued to the opera tive personnel. B ask for Discipline We find it is better to base your dis cipline on a violation of a rule rather than upon an incident. This establishes to the n.inds of the operating personnel a reali zation of the significance of a published rule or regulation. Although the violation of a rule may not result in an accident, the continued violation of a published rule will eventually lead to a serious incident After an incident of serious nature, its effect has a disciplinary aspect. If the rules are ade quate, concise, and understandable and are complied with by personnel, no incident can occur. I believe that if we will check all of our era ne clusioi judgni rigger J* It h ufxsn traimi of ex* takes indivi' items tain r annua ojiera is ch< quire* in a* oliera I 1 estab th acculi lishee your it di* th o It ficats that whicl t>e et in ev relati by a Mxty throt back Ths wher custc was throf by 1 throf TI tkm whei lead: attei meet t .-iti Steam Railroad Section s-u: if.' r illy >r<iblems Mom* again, i atcr propor- ivolved. O tte * 1811-1942 generai take it the bigger ic lesi their perfectly all and vastly ?. coordinatvho in turn els of superVnd yet how our thinking ety men but m of where ( every day, indards, and by the little point here-- iperation yet spot there. the thought all this disogether, can thinking, of m principle n t get away y personnel le concerned ndustry are that is of r the little that must be otne enough tails, which ought to go am n eh as wt here in on has gone roMem once to manage* olicy and a General Chairman--O. F. Gnamngeb, Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway C o, Joliet, HI. Vice-Chairman--F. A. Bogle, Chicago, Rock Island fit Pacific Railway Co., Chicago, 111. Secretary and Newt Letter Editor--H. A. Daake, Erie Railroad Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Program Committee--F. A. Bogue, (Chairman), Chicago, Rock Island fit Pacific Railway Co., Chicago, HI. P. F. B e a u , Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad C o, Chicago, 111. G. W . E u m , Je, Baltimore fit Ohio Railroad Co., Baltimore, Md. Membership Committee--Roazxr Scott (Chairman), Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Co., Wilmington, N. C A. V. Robwede*. Duluth, Missabe fit Iron Range Railway Co., Duluth, Minn. Statistics Committee--T. H. Cakbow (Chairman), The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. F. R. Bbadkmd, Boston & Maine Railroad, Boston, Mass. D. G. Pbo u t s, Wabash Railway Co., St. Louis, Mo. Contest Committee--C. E. Hill (Chairman), New York Central System, New York, N. Y. L. G. Bentley, The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway C l, Richmond, Va. I~ R- Palme* (Secretary), Equitable Life Assurance Society of the U. S., New York, N. Y. J. J. Skayely, New York, New Haven fit Hartford Railroad C o, New Haven, Conn. Poster Committee--W. R. Lopgben (Chairman), Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis fit Omaha Railway Co., S t Paid, Minn. G. M. Dempsey, Chicago, Milwaukee, S t Pan! & Pacific Railroad Co, Chicago, Dl. O. Ashwobth, The Alton Railroad C o, Bloomington, III. Safe Practices Pamphlet Committee--W. J. Flakmigan (Chairman), Northern Pacific Rail way C o, S t Paid, Minn. J. R. Tennfy, Western Maryland Railroad C o, Hagerstown, Md. R. C Helwig, The Delaware fit Hudson Corp, Oneonta, N. Y. Nominations and Elections Committee--E. L. Heney (Chairman), Chicago & North Western Railway C o, Chcago, DL M. T. F ulton, Kansas City Southern Railway C o, Kansas City, Mo. M. A. Least, Chicago, W est Pullman fit Southern Railroad C o, Chicago, III. Health Conmtittee^-D*. I. i . C u m * (Chairman), Chicago & North Western Railway Co, chan m Da. H u m Battle, T!* Pesmsyivania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. 6$) } there a disaya. In two e days each t is evident, ompen nation ical expense cases being nly once or s far as part the derma* rxposed suris, face, and ral portions ne. For ex ace or face, ification of ras involved arms in six, rr, trunk in r, thighs in amt described in that it ap- -ythema. In natitis*' was s were deiis was <ic, a maculo*ned. -'rom icluded that curs in the and perhaps onally have es. usually very no time was i by the at- chiefly in o which the rently with- r experience of synthetic dermatitis rgely to exs, especially s on the ex- in a mild id respondmild derma- Steam Railroad Section O fficers 1942-1943 General Chairman--F. A. Bogie, Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Co., Chicago, 111. \'ict-Ckaarmcm--H. A. Daake, Erie Railroad Co., Cleveland, Ohio. . tertiary 11- T. Fulton, Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Kansas City, Mo. L ttter Editort--M. T. Fulton, Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Kansas City, Mo. H. G. Townsend, Kansas City Southern Railway Co, Kansas City, Mo. Program Committee--J. R Tenney (Chairman), Western Maryland Railway Co., Hagers town, Md. P. F. Buckle, Chicago, Burlington ft Quincy Railroad Co., Chicago, III. H. A. Daake, Erie Railroad Co., Cleveland, Ohio. Membership Committee--G. W. Elste, Ja. (Chairman), Baltimore & O ho Railroad Co., Baltimore, Md. J. E. Lang, The Delaware & Hudson Railroad Corp., Albany, N. Y. Statistics Committee--T. H Caxxow (Chairman), The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. F. R. Bsaotoso, Boston St Maine Railroad, Boston, Mass. D. G. P hillips, Wabash Railway Co., S t Louis, Mo. Contest Committee--C L. LaFocntawe (Chairman), Great Northern Paul, Minn. O. F. Gnadingeb, Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway Co., Joliet, IU. L. R. Palmeb (Secretary), j^quitable Life Assurance Society of York, N. Y. Railway Co., S t the U. S., New Poster Committee--E, L Heney (Chairman), Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co., Chicago, 111. G. Si. Dempsey, Chicago, Milwaukee, S t Paul ft Pacific Railroad Co.. Chicago, III. J. J. S navely, New York, New Haven ft Hartford Railway Co., New Haven, Conn. Safe Practices Pamphlet Comsnittee--W. J. Flannigan (Chairman), Northern Railway Co., S t Paul, Minn. S. C. F la out*, Atchison, Topeka ft Santa Fe Railway Co., Topeka, Kansas. R. C. Helwig. The Delaware ft Hudson Railroad Corp., Oneona, N. Y. Pacific Nominations and Elections Committee--W. R. Lopgben (Chairman), Chicago ft North Western Railway System, Chicago, III C M. Kimball, Southern Railway System, Washington, D. C. L. B. Hastes, Illinois Central System, Chicago, 111. Health Committee--Db. I. S. Currsn (Ckosnmm), Chicago ft North Western Railway Co. Chicago, IQ. Da. H abvey Bartle, The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. 615 61(> 32 id National Safely Congress, 1943 O ffice 19434944t General Chairman--Vi. A. Daake, Erie Railroad Co, Cleveland, Ohio. V ice-Chainmm--G. W. Elsto, Ja., Baltimore ft Ohio Railroad Co, Baltimore, lid . Secretary and News Letter Editor--G. U . Dempsey, Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paal ft Pacific Railroad C s, Chicago, IU. Contest Committee--C 1. LaFouktalne ( Chairman), Great Northern Railway Co, St. Paul, Minn. O. F. Gnadinger. Of,in, Joliet ft Eastern Railway Co., Joliet, DL L. R. Palmxe (Secretary), Equitable Life Asaurance Society of the U. S , New York, N. Y. Health Committee--Da. 7 S. Cutteb (Chairman), Chicago ft North Western Railway Go, Chicago 6, IU. D*. H arvey Bastle, The Pennsylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. Membership Committee--.. E. Long (Chairman), The Delaware ft Hudson Railroad Conk, Albany 1. N. Y. F. A. Bogus, Chicago, Rock Island ft Pacific Railway Co., Chicaco, QL C. M. Kimball, Southern Railway System, Washington, D. C. Nominations and Elections Committee--F. A. Bogue (Chairman), Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Co. L. B. H asp , Illinois Central System, Chkafo, 111. M. A. Leahy, Chicago, West Pullman ft Southern Railroad Co, Chicago, IU. Poster Committee--E. L Hensy (Chairman), Chicago ft North Western Railway Co, Chicago 6, HI. L. E. Hoppman, St. Louis-Southwestern Railway, Tyler, Texas. A. A. Lowe, Southern Pacific Co, San Francisco, Calif. Program Committee--J. G Tenney (Chatnmm), Western Maryland Railway Co., Hagers- town, Md. P. F. Bi ckle. Chic';o. Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co, Chicago, 111 G. W. Elste, Je., Baltimore ft Ohio Railroad Co, Baltimore, Md. Safe Practices Pomfhlc: Committee--\V. J. Flannigan >Chairman), Northern Pacific Railway Co, S t Paul, Minn. S. C. F lagler, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co, Topeka, Kansas. R. C. Helwig, The Delaware ft Hudson Railroad Corp, Ooeoo-., N. Y. Statistics Committee--'T. H. Camow (Chairman), The Penn.ylvania Railroad, Philadelphia, Pa. . , F. R. Bradford, Boiton ft Maine Railroad, Boston, Mass. D. G. P hillips, Wabash Railway Co, St. Louis, Mo. tAi- rVctt-'l >> delettatrs in C onsress Session TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 5, 1943 A n n u al R eport of G en o ral C h airm an P. A. BOOUE, Superintendent of Safety, The C hkago. Rock Island ft P ad fic Railway C o , Chicago The past year has plated an enormous load upon the railroads, taxing their capacity to the limit to provide the required transpor tation service for the country, and duiing the past year the railroads have been coo- fronted with the rising toll of personal injuries which has made unusual demands upon the time and efforts of all. It has, however, been inspiring to have served as your General Chairman during Steam Railroad Section 617 this period and to have associated with the officers and metnbers of the Steam Railroad Section, whose untiring effects and helpful ness for tie cause of railroad safety will always be emenbered and appreciated Increase in Membership During the past year the following rail roads have become members of the National Safety Council: The Southern Pacific Louisville and Nashville Chicago, North Shore and Milwaukee Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Alton & Southern This is at. addition of 5 railroad member* ships to the National Safety Council and, while we egret that 3 of the smaller lines cancelled their memberships during the year, there is a net gain of 2 members, there being 104 mender railroads a year ago, 106 at present; reflecting much credit upon Chair man G. \\ . Eiste and his committee. The Contest Committee has followed the established practice of the past several years as it has been felt that the basis is proper and no ctanges i f in order. The annual award dimer was held on May 3rd last Awards were given to the winners of the various railroads, to he Pullman Company zone and several shops which operated throughout the year 1942 without a reportable employee casualty, also to the switch ing and terminal companies showing the best results in accident prevention work. The Annual Green Book was prepared and pub lished by our efficient secretary, Lew Palmer. Poster Sales Large The Poster Committee, of which Mr. Henry is chairman, submitted 6 sketches to the National Safety Council, one of which was adopted and which many of you will remember--THEY'RE DEPENDING ON YOU. This paster had one of the largest sales of those issued by the Council. The Safe Practices Pamphlet Committee, of which Mr. Flannigan is chairman, has shown substantial progress. Because of tiie increasing accident trend and the unusual conditions with respect to labor turn-over and the difficulties of securing the necessary labor which applied to all de partments of the railroads, it was felt that no more beneficial program could be provided for two days c* (ur three day session than the pauci been arranged throogi. tlie efforts of our program chairman, Mr. John Tenney. The effect of disabling injuries has taken on an even greater importance than under ordinary con ditions in interfering with railroad opera* tion for there has never been a time when the availability oi every employee has been so important. G reetin g s From S afety S ection, A. A . R. O . F . G NADING K R, Supervisor of Safety, T he E lgin, Joliet ft B u tera Railway Co^ Joliet, QL, and Chairman of Safety Section, A A .R . It is an honor and a privilege for me to convey t.j this meeting the greetings of the Safety Section of the Association of Ameri can Railroads, I do not believe we can over-estimate the value of meetings suds as this. In addition to giving us the opportunity to renew old acquaintances aqd friendships, we also are given an opportunity to discuss thorn prob lems that we must meet from day to day in our work of accident prevention and to ex change ideas. The Steam Railroad Section of the Na tional Safety Council and the Safety Section of the Association of American Railroads are both working for the same purpose, the prevention of railroad accidents, and the two organizations should co-operate, particularly when we remember that nearly all railroads are represented in both. Every safety of ficer should be as willing to serve the one organization is the other. Nom of us should hold back v'ben called upon to serve on committees or to take part in a program.