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Aayuat, 1*47
Astrlea-n Society of Stsltiyy faflBxrlm, Chicago, 111.
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lead ladaatria* MMUtUi 420 UzluU* twn it* Twt'ir, i r.
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Lm4 la a mm Material *f Mitmtlai la th* (1U *f Maltuy aantaeariat. It la vilely wood t# rwon th# pelleted water froa water lttm, tiM, llonri, laTutorial aad tUar plamhlrg flrtara*. Bat it la ala* enmnrly wwployad to aoadaet tlau, pur* water to tha*# flxtwraa, particularly far the uaderjrownd water ear*lea pip* froa th* atrwat *ala to th* boat*, whar* it* hl(h ratlrtaaaa t* aarrwalee ty nbttuMi la th* 11 aad Ita flexibility whlah prwrantt tmktp by gramat aattlmawt m atpwt lolly tttdtb
Xa th* flrwt laiUatt, f*r th* pivoting aall, vaat* tol want aytM It 4oat not aak* any dlfTareaee if th* pip* ntarltl ltaalf pollvta* th* voter, a loot tha water la aot utd, or at l***t la aot lsteaiod to h* at*4 far huma mJaptlM. Oa th* other head, th* wator ewpplled t* th* fixture* Mat bt fr** froa pallutlcw ty th* pip** or ay other Mint
It ho* long btM r***(al*4 that eaeeitl** *raint < ->wd tokaa latereally, either ly lahalatloo *f dnrt or Ami, or through th* moth aoy prod*** Ilia**** Eewmr, l**d ttk** through tha aovth 1* vueh loa* ap* te ptrodue* 11 loa at than laholod load. Woreithaleee orar also* lead voa flrrt **od la water *wpply ayatem my year* 040, eotat da (roe of wn ho* had t* b* oxartlaad te aakt oertols that it la n**d wador ooodltlawa 1* which asoeaelr* aaeust* trill act b* 4Itreload. Plwabo-eolT*My ho* bote 0 awbjeat *f oltaort exhourtla* reteoreh, oad fortunately all thla r***or*h and atw^r ho* raevltod la feed knowledge of what my hoppm and haw to m*t th* altwatlMke
Of tttrtt, it my b* **14 that th* *o*l*rt mthed of avoiding l**d 1st ex loot lea 1* t* de away with th* ** *f load aarrlaoa altophh*r* Bowrrar, that aaa b* aawperwd t* acttlng aff yawr mm t* aplt* yawr faa*. Water* that or* tunitln aaaugh ta attack load #ufflelastly 0* ***** a daacarawa aevdltlaa will alee attoak the rther I amen Klill.'
tUr ttltlt far laed whar* turtttln wator* or* ****w*d*r*4 my alaply * axahaegiag am **t *f prablmi far mother* Par laataa**, *
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dissolved Mtili hi^iar than poraiostbla Halts will than, la all probability,
kTi to b# avoreona, So, an* istr te th* entire prebles la ant that
tto n of load pip* b* discontinued toeaua* of tto iu^r a1 plunbte
eolweney but that a^rotalr* water* to proparly treated, la thla
eoaosotlc* wo quota fl-ca a papar written by Retort (purr Vaatae la MS*
B* aald, 'Oalraaltlnp protects Iron for a wMlo, but la aazf vatara, tSa
ala* tliaelm rapidly, brla^at 'rad attar' troublo* la Its waka, Vatara
which ao affect sin* nay to carried la pipe* of polio* bra*a, r*4 brass,
aoppor and load, tot vroa thooo corrode la acrtain water*, lb* oaoape
n* twnillCi if will* r^r* tonloala my bo a^ileyod,*
al*| tarros, trwsn* Vito
Wton v* aentloa a(p*ialv vatara, *o do net vast t* (It* to* lnpraasioe that this typ* of vator in publla vstar avppllaa la n *h b > plaoa. Aa a natter of fast, 1'n tapland la tto only area la tto United State* la tolab thla typ* *f vator pradusl nates.
Ttora ar* na^y tboaua'.i of faat of land aarrlaa pip* already la aaa thro* ghaut tto aoanttrp, Boaaust It la aaod a* oxteoaivaly ttora aaat to aoonoais nuna, *c tto an*vor apnla, eanaot to la dlaaontinalap lta **. After all, ao oaa would muoit that va go boot ta tto tor** and bafgr dap* toaauaa ttora ar* aa aasqr avtenobiU to*Ideats,
Za avail *itl** as Denver, In Orleans, Bav Tsrk and rl;bt tor* ta Chicago vator It supplied through lead aarrlaas to million* of people vlttowt 111 effort, Aa a Batter of fact, cron la tto a oft voter areas of tom England tto danjar la mot aa promt *a anppoaod. A aurrqjr nada
! Iqr tto Usaaaefcuactt* State Board of Boalth snap pear* ago bo for* voter troatnont va* geaoreJly ooployod fovnd load latoziaatlan ta only four mt noro than BOO nanlolpnlltloa*
TTp to about 10 poor* ape. It vaa (morally agrood that regardloaa f tto amount of load token In bp tto body It aaoanilnted until vltlmtolp load lntodaotlon developed* Thla hoa boon psvrvd te b* do finitely wrong Ip aveh reoognlsod asthorltloa aa Ora, Anb, Kotoo and birtsll, Tholr work on thla aabjoat hos atovn without doubt that tto body aaa and daoa dlapoa* of anall qvnntltlo* af load.
In an* af Dr, Hobart A, Katoa'a atudio* an thla svbjaet that appeared la tb* Journal af Induatrlal fyglana, to rapartad th* raawlte af a test to nod* la a prialtlra Indian m--mlty la Haile*. B* found that tto Maxiaaa* worm steadily a* rating quastltlaa af lead with apparently a* aootoet with it. Dr, Soho* followed up this wart: la the Dnited States among Industrial vtitsn, staying that azposvr* te warplap
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nnati ef load rtwlM la MrrMfee<U^7 TUjrUf ntot of slladnatloa.
tahM tku proved that people ora alvay* ixput to mh 1m4 and that thair aliodnatiea rata adjusts Itself, at laaot within aortal* lillM, ha varylax axpeaaraa*
TUi la th* typo of Mahon wodioc.1 rccccrch that tffKtinlj dispel* tha Idea that wvwn sanll quantities of laid ran- In within th* body until aoouCh baa aooaaaluted to aanaa load intaxlaatloa* lfbar all, th* oarth*a tmt eowtolas all of tho alncrul* aad It la ody natural to assxas* that tho hnui body boa ham ahla to adject ltaolf ta tha pritmti of snail quantities of oiaorula that would ho polooaou* If allawod to assiamlats vlthla tha body*
la arpsiiasntlng with load aroonetc, a actorlal fhr aero toads thoa load, U T. Mrhall and ft iL> *al of the halted Itches While Health Xorvloo hero ahem that lead exsoaat# oca bo lngortod la aaouett oa lory* oa 10 allllgrua* per day for 10 day* aad that &S% of It la ollalaatad fraa the Iwmn oyotoa within a fow doyoo Purthrr. tho Anorlean toblit Boalth ioaoelatloa hoa thlo to oay and wt quota, Smrtloloti, practical zporloneo aad ayatowatla investigation* haro dsasastratod that oortala larol* of OCCOnkTlCKAL load axpoeura and absorption aro oaapatlbla with aorwal healthy axlataaoa and activity ' Vo Bight paint out that
thli atotoaont rafora to oooupatleml axpooure which la far naru severe
than tha typo of exposure wo orw concerned with hero*
Tha Oaltad ttatca Troomy Dapartaoat hoa placed a Unit of 0*1 ppa load la water and all tha reaeareh along with practical experiens* ahawa thla to bo a daeldedly aafo aargla, Tho roooorch farther prove# that a aenoiatcr can Ujoit a relatively lore* nanunt of load at n o tins, with* owt harafal affect*, provided it la act repootod regularly*
We ore fortuneto la that there ora only a lt> public water supplies that aro axxroialvo oaoa^i to ottoek load and Bobo It* waa undorlrebla without *owc protootivo noaaures* Alaoat all ef thla typo of weter free public supplies will bo found la Vow to gland* la other costisag of tho *<nmtry there any ha private weter oupplioa whore tho woo of load la wndeairahlo but. In gaaoral, wo can oafoly any that thorw la very llttlo If any topor of load Intoxlaatlea fraa public mtor supplies la the United Kotos eutaldo of low tnplud.
toaawoo of variables, thoro la ao definite raid to go hy M to tha kind of water# that will dissolve dangerous aacunt* of load* In a general way, wo ooa aay that with very coft water* *uffl*lawt load aoy ho dissolved to srooto a haaard anlos* protective aoasares era taken* larevor, wo can't Jsdgo ly $B value alooo, as seas waters with a very
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lev jdl mlwa erw ie* ocrrotiwa than ether* with a ki^r | toecooo of different oonpoeitiane. High cwjf*n cod fro* CO] eoctest tad low hardaooo add to tho tomilwaid of ti water, oad oertaln oolto la tho water orw Inhibitor*. Llkewl*#, ateble orpmio natter ill water* that might etb*rwit* bo oorroeire aojr dapooit ec the load pip* wall*, f*nia( oa adherent pretootlro eoetlag that promt* solution of tho load by tht water. Co tho other head, ooft wctor* from peaty aoorload aowroo* iitinVl orgoal* ooido, la addition to oarhoalo oold, whloh laorecee tho attcek and do not font jrotwatlww eectlage.
Vhoro wo het o writer* with a low pT. t b Im, Mf, holow T, high eaqrgea wad CO] oootont, aad herds** helot 60 or 100 p.p.a., loed oorrloo* ahoald
i ho wood with aero. Hararer, awoh water* la a public wwpply exa nr* oad
whara they ore aaaoostorod loed pipe lined with a awbatostlal lining of F? blook tin will prot o neat effootiro in aanhcttiag tho oorroelrc proportioa ?' prwaost la tho water. Another aothod oad prehcbly tho hoot oad aoot
fregoeetly wood la proper trootaoat of tho water with lino or todla f lllosto. Horaol amount* of ohlorlno atod la wotor troo^aat do awt
oppoar to have as/ offoot on lood*
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