Document r24xQZKJgN762xoexyRN3nwr

DOW LATEX 354 FOR ACRYLIC HOUSE PAINTS DOW LATEX 354 FOR ACRYLIC HOUSE PAINTS Dow Latex 354 is an acrylic binder which has excellent adhesion characteristics compared to Dow Latex 352. In this respect it is superior to Dow Latex 352 while maintaining the ocher outstanding characteristics of Dow- Latex 352 which have been established by success ful, long term commercial use. TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF DOW LATEX 354 Percent Solids by Weight pH fas shipped] Homilton Beoch Stability Surface Tension at 75F. 50% R.H.(Dynes/cm.) Freeze/Thow Stability Latex Specific Gravity at 75F. Polymer Specific Gravity at 75F. Film Appearance at 75F., 50% R.H. Film Stability to Light Exposure Film Stability to Heat Exposure Minimum Film Formation Temperature 46i0.5% 9.5 + 0.3 Good; 30 minutes 36 Good 1.07 1.15 Forms clear continuous, flexible, slightly tacky film Excellent Excellent 45F. HANDLING AND SUGGESTED USES Dow Latex 354 presents no special handling prob lems. Maximum formulation stability is obtained when the pH level is above 8.0 and it is generally recommended that formulating be done at a pH of 9.4 to 9-7. Ammonium hydroxide (14-28%) or potassium hydroxide (10%) may be used to adjust pH if necessary. The latex should be under agi tation during adjustment. Exterior house paints based on Dow Latex 354 possess all of the prop erties normally associated with acrylic iacexes arid, in addition, exhibit excellent wet adhesion and blister resistance. The Dow Chemical Compcny 1966 Dow Latex 354 was especially developed to provide improved adhesion characteristics, par ticularly wet adhesion, compared to Dow Latex 352. The polymer composition of Dow Latex 354 is essentially Identical to that of Dow Latex 352 except for modification to provide improved adhesion, and the early history shows it to possess excellent exposure characteristics. The earliest exposure (August, 1962) of proto types of Dow Latex 354 show performance ad vantages such as superior resistance to grain lire cracking and greatly improved performance of higher PVC (25-35%) latex based primers on bare wood. These early data are supported by commercial results with Dow Latex 354. GLD005798 TOPCOATS The development of a latex topcoat for exterior wood requires investigation of variables affecting appearance and durability. These variables are discussed in detail below. In the handling of latex, and in the mechanics of latex paint formu lation, the practices followed with Dow I.atex 354 are similar to those developed for larex trade sales finishes over the last fifteen years. A satisfactory latex paint for exterior wood should have the following attributes: 1. Excellent adhesion to all types of wood. 2. Good film strength and flexibility. 3. Sufficient low temperature flexibility :o follow the dimensional changes of the substrate without film cracking or other failure. 4. Sufficient low temperature film forming ability to provide a margin of safety when paints are applied and dried at temperatures down to 40F. 5. Prevent the passage of rain or dew on the surface into the substrate. 6. Allow moisture, passing through the wood from the inside as vapor, to be released through the paint film with out any build-up of pressure behind the film. Paint films containing Dow Latex 354 have the ability to couple adequate MVTR with unusual water resistance and excellent adhesion to wood and ocher sound repaint surfaces. FORMULATION Pigmentation Pigment Volume Concentration - Based on exten sive exposures with Dow Latex 354 and similar latexes, the suggested PVC for tint base paints is 40%. This PVC results in an optimum balance of tint retention and cleanliness properties. For white paints, where tint retention is not a factor, exposures at 45% PVC have performed very satisfactorily. Solids In order to obtain maximum durability, the volume solids of paints containing Dow Latex 354 should be as high as is consistent with ap plication characteristics and cost. The formu lations suggested here were prepared at 40% volume solids. Titanium Dioxide - To maintain a clean appear ance in white paints, the amount of anatase titanium dioxide required will vary depending upon pigment volume concentration and geo graphical area. The white topcoat formulation suggested is a 45 PVC paint with a rutile/ anatase titanium dioxide ratio of 90/10. Test fence and test house exposures have shown, that 45 PVC paints offer good durability and resistance to dirt collection. The anatase level is kept relatively low to prevent excessive chalk ing upon aging. Two light tint base formulations, both 40 PVC, are suggested. One of these .is designated as a light tint base and contains 170 pounds of rutile titanium dioxide. The ocher contains 100 pounds rutile titanium dioxide and is designated as a medium tint base paint. It is suggested that paint manufacturers consider formulation of their tint bases with the least amount of titanium dioxide pigment consistent with hiding requirements and colors desired. Lesser amounts of titanium diox ide contribute to improved color retention by vir tue of less chalk masking. GLD005799 '.v1. Zinc Oxide - If desired, zinc oxide can be used in Dow Latex 354 paints to improve mildew resis tance. In the section on suggested starting point formulacions a 40 PVC topcoat formulation con taining 100 pounds zinc oxide is included. Extenders - As a general rule, paints prepared with large particle size extenders exhibit good tint retention but with some sacrifice in cleanli ness compared to paints prepared with extenders having higher binder demand. Thus, extender pigments should be carefully selected to achieve the optimum property balance in each particular formulation. With white topcoats, it is desirable to achieve cleanliness without excessive chalking. For tints, it is necessary to achieve a balance between tint retention and cleanliness. In our work we have found chat calcium carbonate and clay pigments give good results. Talc pigments generally cause earlier chalking than the other extenders but can be used in white topcoats where tint retention is not a problem. The ex tender pigment selection in the starting point formulations suggested here take these properties into account. Pigment Dispersants - Commonly used latex paint pigment dispersants are satisfactory in Dow Latex 354 paints. Dispersants such as potassium tri polyphosphate, Tamol 850, Tamol 731, and Daxad 30 are especially useful. Other surfactants such as Igapal CO 630 and Tricon X-100 are also useful in combination with the above dispersants. Protective Colloids - METHOCEL methylcellulose has been used with excellent results in exposures of paints containing Dow Latex 354. Hydroxyethylcellulose should also be satisfactory as a protective colloid in these paints. Preservotives - Dow Preservative SA-1013 has been found to be particularly effective and persistent in control of mold growth on paint films containing Dow Latex 354 applied on wood and exposed in the severe environment of the Gulf Coast area. It has not imparted any susceptibility to paint film dis coloration from exposures to sulfide fumes or other environmental effects. The preservative level required for mold control will vary in different geographical areas. Levels of Dow Preservative SA-1013 required have varied with incidence of mold severity between 3 and 6 pounds per 100 gallons of paint when incorporated into both the primer and topcoat. Levels up to 9 pounds/100 gallons in the topcoat may be required in severe mold areas if applied over a molded sur face or unprotected primer or undercoater. In areas where moldj>otencial is minimal, 1-1.5 pounds of DOWICIL 100 preservative will provide effective package preservation. pH - The recommended pH for paints based on Dow Latex 354 is 9.4-9.7. If adjustment is necessary, ammonium hydroxide (14 - 28%) is suggested. Color Acceptance To attain uniform color accep tance with aqueous color dispersions or universal tinting systems, it is sometimes necessary to add auxiliary wetting agents in the let-down or, in ex treme cases to even change the pigment disper sion system. Since all colorants do not respond similarly to color acceptance aids it is impracti cal to suggest a specific solution that will work with all colorants. We have found that materials such as morpholine soya fatty acid, alkanolamine condensates, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide conden sates and alkyl aryl sulfonates should provide a good basis /or investigation. GLO005800 3 t t REPAINT Over new wood which has been primed with a blister resistant primer, topcoats containing Dow Latex 354 demonstrate excellent adhesion. How ever, in using the topcoat in repainting, applica tions over heavily chalking paints may develop questionable adhesion which in some exposures may result in eventual failure of the paint film. It is an evident, inherent disability of all high polymer emulsion systems that they will not ade quately penetrate heavy chalk. Thoroughly clean ing off the heavy chalk prior to repainting with the latex system will result in good bond and durabil* ity. Also, use of a conventional solvent thinned oil system will seal the chalk to the substrate and negate the problem. However, neither of these is a "handy" method. One approach to the problem is the addition of drying oil to a topcoat paint formulated with Dow Latex 354 and using this oil modified latex top coat as the first coat in a repaint. The oil modi fied latex paint shows excellent adhesion and durability over heavily chalking weathered paints. Addition of one-half to one pint of oil per gallon of paint is adequate'for heavily chalk ing surfaces. Paddle mixing by either dealer or consumer is sufficient to incorporate the oil Into paint con taining Dow Latex 354. If slight separation occurs on standing, a few stirs with a paddle will redisperse the oil. Samples checked after one year of aging are in good and useable con dition. Boiled linseed oil has been used in laboratory and field evaluations because of its ready availability from most dealers, but other drying oils and long oil alkyds give similarly good results. Oils sup plied by the paint manufacturer should contain suf ficient drier and should have adequate preservative level to protect against any regional mold problems. As the oil modified paint film made with Dow Latex 354 dries, much of the oil migrates into the chalk, firmly binding it to the unweathered paint of the previously painted surface. At lease 24 hours should be allowed before applying a second coat. For maximum appearance retention, the second coat of paint should not be oil modified. Some paint manufacturers may find it is more de sirable to produce their paints already modified rather than relying on dealer or customer addition of modifer. Both oil and long oil alkyd emulsions can.be used. The recommended level of modifer is 10 to 25 percent of the nonvolatile vehicle. The use of modifiers in topcoats will generally result in some compromise of the excellent tint and color retention characteristics of paint containing Dow Latex 354. GLD005B01 PRIMER Solvent Thinned Primer The most widely used primer for new wood is a blister resistant solvent thinned primer such as will meet Interim Federal Specification TT-P0025b. Excellent results over unpainted and pre viously painted wood have been obtained with this primer followed by topcoats based on Dow Latex 354. Latex Primer Early results with primers based on Dow Latex 354 are extremely encouraging. Complete latex systems utilizing 25-35 PVC primers based on Dow Latex 354 and longer term (2 to 3 years) exposure with prototypes of Dow Latex 354 show excellent resis tance to grain line cracking and flaking. Two primer formulations are given in this bulletin in the section on formulations. Both are formu lated with basic silicate of lead pigment to pre vent staining from water soluble stains in such woods as Red Cedar and Redwood. The stains still discolor the primer but, except in extreme cases, where a second coat of primer may be de sirable, the stains are insolubiiized by the basic silicate of lead and do not migrate into subse quent topcoats. Primer Formulation P-790-4-2 is modified with boiled linseed oil to provide im proved penetration of and adhesion to chalky sur faces to provide an added margin of safety in painting such surfaces. EXTERIOR MASONRY The formulations suggested for exterior wood are also suitable for exterior masonry. However, higher PVC paints have exhibited excellent per formance over masonry type surfaces and should be considered if the paint's application is limited to this type of surface. A 50 PVC white topcoat formulation for masonry surfaces is included in the section on formulations. To improve the ad hesion of latex paints over heavily chalking ex terior masonry paints (such as cement type paints), a solvent-thinned, alkali-resistant surface condi tioner is recommended. GLD005802 5 STARTING POINT FORMULATIONS Dow Latex 354 Exterior Wood Primer, 25% PVC Formulation P-790-3'2 Ingredients Code 12 16 19 6 5 8 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 24 Pounds/100 gollons Pigment Dispersion Water Pigment Dispersant (25%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Basic Silicote White Lead Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Calcium Carbonate Ethylene glycol Dow Polyglycol P- 1200 l preblend METHOCEL 90HG, 4,000 cpsj 104.5 7.0 3.0 6.0 100.0 175.0 65.9 25.0 2.0 3.5 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoamer (50%) Ammonium Hydroxide (28%) pH, cdjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Volume Solids Weight Solids 636.5 10.0 1.0 9.4 - 9.7 80-85 K.U. 25% 40% 56% o GL0005803 6 Dow Latex 354 Exterior "Un/versa/" Wood Printer, 25% PVC Formulation P'790-4-2 ingredients Code 12 16 19 6 5 8 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 22 14 Pounds/100 galions Pigment Dispersion Water Pigment Dispersant (25%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Basic Silicate White Lead Titonium Dioxide, Rutile Calcium Carbonate Ethylene glycol ^ Dow Polyglycol P-1200 \ preblend METHOCEL 90HG, 4,000 cpsf 180.9 7.0 3.0 6.0 100.0 175.0 65.9 25.0 2.0 3.5 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoamer (50%) Boiled Linseed Oil "l > preblend Anionic Wetting Agent (28%)j pH, adjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Weight Solids Volume Solids 477.4 10.0 58.5 3.9 9.4-9.7 80-85 K.U. 25% 55.5% 40% 0,1.000580* STARTING POINT FORMULATIONS Dow Latex 354 Experimental Exterior Topcoat, Light Tint Base, 40% PVC Formu/offon P-790-5-2 Ingredients Code Pigment Dispersion Pounds/100 gallons n 16 19 4 8 9 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 15 Water Pigment Dispersant (25%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Colcium Carbonate Clay Ethylene glycol Dow Polyglycol P-1200 Weblend METHOCEL 90HG, 4,000 cps J 163.1 8.0 3.0 6.0 170.0 224.6 24.9 25.0 2.0 3.5 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoamer (50%) Non ionic Wetting Agent (50% in alcohol) pH, adjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Weight Solids Volume Solids 510.0 10.0 8.0 9.4- 9.7 80-85 K.U. 40% 56.6% 40% 6L0005805 8 Ingredients Code n 16 19 4 8 9 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 15 Dow Latex 354 Experimental Exterior Topcoat Medium Tint Base, 40% PVC Formulaiion P-7906-2 Pigment Dispersion Pounds/100 gallons Water Pigment Dispersant (25%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Calcium Carbonate Clay Ethylene glycol "\ Dow Polyglyco! P-1200 \prebtend METHOCEL 90HG, 4,000 cpsf 164.0 7.0 3.0 6.0 100.0 265.0 29.5 25.0 2.0 3.0 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoomer (50%) Non ionic Wetting Agent(50%in alcohol) pH, adjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Weight Solids Volume Solids 510.0 10.0 8.0 9.4-9.7 80-85 K.U. 40% 55.7% 40% GLD005606 STARTING POINT FORMULATIONS Dow Latex 354 Experimental Exterior Topcoat White, 45% PVC Formulation P-790-8-2 Ingredients Code Pigment Dispersion Pound s/100 gol Ions 12 16 19 3 2 8 9 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 Water Pigment Dispersant (25%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Titanium Dioxide, Anatase Calcium Carbonate Clay Ethylene glycol Dow Polyglycol P-1200 \ preblend jMETHOCEL 90HG,4,000 cps 193.1 10.1 3.0 6.0 207.0 23.0 190.0 63.5 25.0 2.0 3.5 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoamer (50%) pH, adjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Weight Solids Volume Solids Rutile to Anatase Ratio 466.8 10.0 9.4-9.7 80-85 K.U. 45% 58.5% 40% 90/10 GID005807 ingredients Code 13 16 19 3 2 7 8 9 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 Dow Latex 354 Experiment/ Exterior Topcoat White (Zinc Oxide), 40% PVC Formulation P-790-9-2 Pigment Dispersion Poundt/100 gallons Water Pigment Dispersant (30%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Titanium Dioxide, Anatase Zinc Oxide, Lead Free Calcium Corbonate Cloy Ethylene glycol ] Dow Polyglycol P-1200 \ preblend METHOCEL 90HG, 4,000 cpsj 154.0 10.0 3.0 6.0 180.0 20.0 100.0 134.0 45.0 40.0 2.0 3.5 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoamer (50%) pH, adjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Weight Solids Volume Solids Rutile to Anatase Ratio 510.0 10.0 9.4-9.7 80-85 K.U. 40% 59.2% 40% 90/10 GLD005808 STARTING POINT FORMULATIONS Dow Latex 354 Experimental Exterior Masonry Paint White, 50% PVC Formulation P-790-7-2 Ingredients Pounds/100 gallons Code 12 16 19 3 8 9 23 20 18 Let Down 1 21 Pigment Dispersion Water Pigment Dispersant (25%) Non ionic Wetting Agent Dow Preservative SA-1013 Titanium Dioxide, Rutile Calcium Carbonate Clay Ethyleneglycol Dow Polyglycol P-1200 Vpreblend METHOCEL 90HG, 4,000 cpsj 215.8 10.0 3.0 3.0 230.0 225.0 75.0 25,0 2.0 3.5 Dow Latex 354 (46%) Defoamer (50%) pH, adjust to Viscosity Pigment Volume Concentration Weight Solids Volume Solids 424.3 10.0 9.4- 9.7 80-85 K.U. 50% 59.5% 40% GLD005809 INDEX OF MATERIALS AND SUPPLIERS For the convenience of cbe reader, all raw mace* rials mentioned in the formulations in this bulle tin are arranged below in groups according to their function in a latex paint. Brand names are followed by name and address of their manufac turer, but common materials are not. Formulators are encouraged to experiment with brands and materials other than those listed. In no sense should this list be considered re strictive. Equivalent brands and materials can be used and should give similar results. CODE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 LATEX Dow Latex 354 PIGMENTS Hiding Pigments Anatcse Titanium Dioxide Ti-Pure FF Rutile Titanium Dioxide Ti-Pure R-610 Ti-Pure R-960 Titanox RANC White Lead, Basic Silicate E-P 202 Zinc Oxide E-P 417 The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Miehigoo E. 1. duPont do Nemours & Co., Inc. Wilmington, Delaware E, 1. duPont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Wilmington, Delaware E. i. duPont de Nemours & Co., Inc:. Wilmington, Delaware Titanium Pigment Carp, 111 Broadway New York, New York The Eogle-Picher Co. American Building Cincinnati, Ohio The Eagle-Picher Co. American Building Cincinnati, Ohio GLD005810 INDEX OF RAW MATERIALS SUPPLIERS CODE 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 LATEX Extender Pigments Calcium Carbonate Snowflake White Cloys ASP 400 Complex Alkali Phosphates Potassium Tripolyphosphate Synthetic Wetting Agents (Anionic) Daxad 30 Tamol 731 Tamo! 850 Triton X-200 Synthetic Wetting Agents (Nonionic) Emcol 5138 Igepa! CO-630 Triton X-100 Thompson, Weinman & Co. 52 Vanderbilt Ave. New York, New York Minerals & Chemicals Philipp Corp. Essex Turnpike, Menlo Park, N. J. Dewey & Almy Chemical Co. 62 Whittmore Avenue Cambridge, Mass. Rohm & Haas Co. 222 W. Washington Square Philadelphia 5, Pa. Rohm & Haas Co. 222 W. Washington Square Philadelphia 5, Pa. Rohm & Haos Co. 222 W. Washington Square Philadelphia 5, Pa. Witco Chemical Co. 122 East 42nd St. New York 17, N. Y. Generol Anilene & Film Corp. 140 West 51 St. New York, N. Y. Rohm & Haos Co. 222 W. Washington Square Philadelphia 5, Pa. GLD005811 14 CODE 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 LATEX Synthetic Thickeners METHOCEL 90HG,Methylcellulose 4,000 cps Mildewcides Dow Preservative SA-1013 Defoamers Dow Polyglycol P-1200 Nope 1497V Resin Modifiers Boiled Linseed Oil Pure Boiled Linseed Oit Solvents Ethylene Glycol pH Adjustment Ammonium Hydroxide The Dow Chemical Company Midland, Michigan The Dow Chemical Company Midland, Michigan The Dow Chemical Company Midland, Michigan Nopco Chemicol Co., Inc. Neword, New Jersey The Sherwin-Williams Co. 11541 S. Champlain Avenue Chicago 28, Illinois m G`0058 l2 15 o NOTICE: This information is believed reliable, but no warranty is given nor is freedom from ony potent to be inferred. 16 GLD005813 ^^9500010 SALES OFFICES >'vf cy?-'*': !.. /.A. Is&C'.X- S. -5.' ATLANTA, Ga. 30303 BOSTON, Mass. 02167 BUFFALO, N.Y. 14202 CAMDEN, N.J. 08102 ". CHARLOTTE, N.C. 28202 CHICAGO. III. 60648 CINCINNATI, Ohio 45227 CLEVELAND, Ohio 44113 DALLAS, Texas 75202 DETROIT, Mich. 48235 HOUSTON, Texas 77025 INDIANAPOLIS, Ind. 46208 LOS ANGELES. Cal. 90054 MINNEAPOLIS, Minn. 55435 NEW ORLEANS, La. 70112 NEW YORK, N.Y. 10020 PITTSBURGH, Penn. 15222 ST. LOUIS, Mo. 63105 SAN FRANCISCO, Cal. 94106 SEATTLE, Wash. 98121 618 Fulton NatT Bank Bldg. ..; '.. c-T ', 1330 Boylston St,, Chestnut Hill 560 Delaware Ave. ' 400 Market Street ' , T. ' ' : . 200 South Tryon St. / 6000 W. Touhy Ave. . ; ;, - f Colonial Center Bldg. . . 1 55 Public Square. . - 1401 Elm Street P.O. Box 5000, 600 Northland Towers West 6910 Fannin Street 3909 N. Meridian St. 2600 Wilshire Blvd.' , - -;/ 4901 West 77th Street 1100 Commerce Bldg. ' 45 Rockefeller Piaza Four Gateway Center--Room 1313 10 South Brentwood Blvd. 350 Sansome St. 307 Broad Street *.. * * t .. y V' -.ft' * * i !! PLASTICS DEPARTMENT THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY MIOLAND, MICHIGAN . ;D` 'v -v'' Primed in U S A.