Document qqG5Dw09O7R5NzeXGXxbbxgM

PCB PRODUCTION 1930 -1975 fMILUONS OF POUNDS) r U.S. PRODUCTION (1400) U,S. SALES (1253) HONS 207501 USES OF PCB CURRENT ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMER (LARGE) ELECTRICAL CAPACITOR (LARGE & SMALL) RECYCLED PAPER (CONTAMINANT) INVESTMENT CASTING (IMPORT) DISCONTINUED HEAT TRANSFER FLUID HYDRAULIC FLUID LUBRICANT & CUTTING OIL PLASTICIZER ADHESIVE | WAX EXTENDER PESTICIDE EXTENDER INK SEALANT & CAULKING COMPOUND PAPER COATING HONS 207502 1 PCB SALES PCB-CHEMISTRY POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL 32 2' 3' cI=Ic Ic=Ic / 4--C \/ C--C \ c --4' W // \ // C--C c--c II I, I 56 6 5' CHLORINATION FROM O(C12H10)--10(C,,CI ) TOXICITY -- VARIES BY NUMBER ft POSITION OF CHLORINES PERSISTENCE -- 4 CHLORINES & UP DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS DIBENZOFURAN HYDROXYLATED CHLORINATED BIPHENYL DESIRED PROPERTIES -- DIELECTRIC CONSTANT NON-FLAMMABILITY THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY ~MON$ 207504 COMPOUNDS CHLORINATED NAPHTHALENES CHLORINATED DIBENZOFURANS ii CHLORINATED DIBENZO-p-DIOXINS CHLORINATED PHENOLS OH CHLORINATED BENZENES i DDT H a-^o)-c-^o^-ci Cl - ci - Cl Cl DDD DDE H ci h. c Cl - C1 - Cl H Cl H c,^c->-C. -c Cl" ' Cl MONS 207505 SIGNIFICANT EVENTS-PCB 1930 -- BEGAN PRODUCTION 1936 -- FIRST OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SYMPTOMS 1966 -- FOUND IN ENVIRONMENT (SWEDISH DDT WORK) 1966 -- JAPANESE RICE OIL CONTAMINATION 1970 -- USDA BANS IN PESTICIDES 1971 _ FEDERAL TASK FORCE & CONFERENCE -- MONSANTO RESTRICTS SALES 1972 -- MICH. & WISC. WARNING ON LAKE MICHIGAN FISH -- GSA BANS USE IN PAPER -- ANSI PUBLISHES HANDLING ft DISPOSAL PROCEDURE -- USDI BANS USE IN OFFSHORE OIL DRILLING 1973 -- FDA TEMPORARY TOLERANCES ft RESTRICTIONS -- OECD DECISION TO SUPPORT CONTROL 1975 -- 2nd NATIONAL CONFERENCE -- FISH BAN IN MINN. -- EPA ADMINISTRATOR CALLS FOR ELIMINATION FROM COMMERCE -- EPA PROPOSES SPILL REGULATIONS 1976 -- FISH BANS IN S.C., N.Y., GA., IND. -- NY WARNING ON LAKE ONTARIO FISH -- MICH., IND., WISC. PASS RESTRICTION LAWS -- EPA PROPOSES TOXIC EFFLUENT STANDARD (WATER) -- EPA PUBLISHES DISPOSAL GUIDANCE -- PROPOSED TSCA BANS FROM COMMERCE IN 2% YEARS HONS 207906 PCB AMBIENT AIR LEVELS 24 HOUR SAMPLES MIAMI, FLA. JACKSONVILLE, FLA. FORT COLLINS, COL. AVERAGE FOR EACH = 100 nanogms/cm MOWS 207507 PCB AMBIENT WATER LEVELS 1971-1974 -- 4472 WATER SAMPLES 130: RANGE -- .1--*4.0 ppb DETECTION LIMIT -- .1--M. ppb -- 1544 SEDIMENT SAMPLES 1157: RANGE -- .1--^DOO ppb DETECTION LIMIT -- .1--!. ppb 1973 -- 106 INTERSTATE WATER CARRIERS WINNEBAGO, ILL. -- 3 ppb SELLERBURG, IND. -- .1 ppb 1975 -- INDUSTRY REPORT ESCONDIDO, CAL. -- .4 ppb BRIDGEPORT, CONN. -- 1. ppb NEW BEDFORD, MASS. -- 2.5 ppb 1976 -- f 13 WATER SUPPLY SAMPLES 1 PRELIMINARY -- 1 ppb HONS 207508 PCB SOIL LEVELS AGRICULTURAL 1972 1,556 SAMPLES 2 DETECTED URBAN 1971-1974 12 OF 19 METROPOLITAN AREAS 1,434 SAMPLES RANGE -- .001--*3.33 ppm AVERAGE -- .02 ppm HONS 207509 PCB SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS 1973 -- MICHIGAN -- 58 PLANTS SLUDGE AVG. 15.6 ppm HIGH 352 ppm EFFLUENTS AVG. 0.52 ppb HIGH 32 ppb 1972-73 ONTARIO, CANADA GUELPH SLUDGE -- 5.5 ppm SOIL -- 15-47 ppb (1 APPLICATION) CORN -- 5-95 ppb 1976 BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA -- 200 ppm NEW BEDFORD, MASS. -- 40 ppm WASHINGTON, D.C. -- 4 ppm HONS 207510 PCB-MUNICIPAL LANDFILLS (1976) STATE WASHINGTON NEBRASKA NEW YORK ARKANSAS i TYPE PPT GENERAL 15 -- LEACHATE GENERAL GENERAL GENERAL SLUDGE & MANURE GENERAL & SLUDGE GENERAL & SLUDGE 41 -- LEACHATE WELLS 8 -- SURFACE(CREEK) 11 -- GROUND WATER 115 -- LEACHATE 640 -- LEACHATE 7 -- GROUNDWATER SLUDGE SLUDGE SLUDGE 15 -- LEACHATE 17 - SURFACE 8 -- GROUNDWATER HONS 207511 PCB--FISH LEVELS LAKE MICHIGAN PCB--BIRDS STARLING MONITORING PROGRAM NATIONWIDE 1970 -- 0.65 ppm 1972 -- 0.43 ppm 1974 -- 0.12 ppm MALLARD AND BLACK DUCK MONITORING PROGRAM ATLANTIC FLYWAY BLACK DUCK -- 1969 & 1972 -- 1.36 ppm MALLARD -- 1969 & 1972 -- 1.29 ppm MISSISSIPPI FLYWAY MALLARD -- 1969 -- 0.44 ppm MALLARD -- 1972 -- 0.66 ppm CENTRAL & PACIFIC FLYWAYS MALLARD -- 1969 -- 0.2 ppm MALLARD -- 1972 -- 0.1 ppm 207513 LEVELS IN MAN RECENT ANALYSIS -- 1971-74 ADIPOSE LEVELS -- 6500 SAMPLES -- 77% WITH PCB -------26% -- -------44o/0 _ -------7% -- < 1 PPM i_2 ppm >2 PPM OTHER FINDINGS: -------SEX DIFFERENCE -- NONE -------AGE DIFFERENCE -- INCREASE W AGE -------RACE DIFFERENCE NONWHITES HIGHER *ONs *0 7514 MOTHERS' MILK SAMPLE PLAN COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY ( ) INDICATES SAMPLES ALREADY ANALYZED PCB IN MOTHERS' MILK COLORADO STA TE UNIVERSITY DA TA am STATE VIRGINIA NORTH CAROLINA FLORIDA TENNESSEE SOUTH CARO UNA NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA GEORGIA MARYLAND MICHIGAN INDIANA TOTAL NO. SAMPLES 18 7 7 4 4 4 2 1 1 31 1 80 RANGE (PPM) 0- 3.90 1.24- 4.44 .22- 4.13 .70- 2.38 .25- 4.01 .43- 2.88 1.08- 1.50 .53 2.52 .41-10.60 1.92 0-10,599 MEAN (PPM) 1.42 2.64 1.79 1.75 1.96 1.72 1.29 -- -- 1.88 -- 1.80 HONS 207516 DDE IN MOTHERS' MILK COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY DATA 8/76 STATE VIRGINIA NORTH CAROLINA FLORIDA TENNESSEE SOUTH CAROLINA NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA GEORGIA MARYLAND MICHIGAN INDIANA TOTAL NO. SAMPLES 18 7 7 4 4 4 2 1 1 31 1 80 RANGE (PPM) .38-5.15 .89-4.32 1.61-6.43 2.04-2.64 1.30-3.42 1.71-2.65 4.25-5.60 2.75 1.79 .31-5.81 3.20 .31-6.43 MEAN (PPM) 2.43 2.72 2.96 2.33 2.40 2.01 4.92 -- -- 1.82 -- 2.31 HONS 207517 PCB IN MOTHERS' MILK PREVIOUS DATA 1969 CALIFORNIA 1970 SWEDEN 1971 GERMANY NEW GUINEA"! TEXAS / 1972 COLORADO WHOLE MILK WHOLE MILK FAT -- WHOLE MILK 60 ppb MEAN [2.4 ppm FAT] 16 ppb MEAN [.64 ppm FAT] 3.5 ppm MEAN NONE DETECTED .04--.10 ppm 1973-74 ARKANSAS & MISSISSIPPI WHOLE MILK TRACE AMOUNTS (1 ppm) ONTARIO: 1969-70 1971-72 1973-74 1974 NEW BRUNSWICK NOV* SCOTIA 1975 JAPAN FAT FAT WHOLE MILK RANGE ppm .7-1.2 .2-3.0 .1-2.5 MEAN ppm 1.0 1.2 1.2 ppm 1.07-2.1 0-2.4 MEAN 1.5 1.8 ppm /ppm FAT .027 avg. [1.0] 0-1 max. [4.0] 39 SAMPLES (8 POSITIVE) 57 SAMPLES 43 SAMPLES 34 SAMPLES 19 SAMPLES 6 SAMPLES 9 SAMPLES 281 SAMPLES (.033 ppm WHOLE TOLERANCE) HONS 207518