Document qkj8544vQE45Mg3OQRdgGnjOE

FILE NAME: National Safety Council (NSC) DATE: 1932 Oct DOC#: NSC236 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Transactions of the NSC - 21st Annual Safety Congress 1932 TRANSACTIONS National Safety Council Incorporated TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL SAFETY CONGRESS W ashington. D . C . October 3 to October 7, 1932 T he W tr d n a PmA and Shof d a m H otels Copyright, W l, .V'iifiuma*1j C;*n. National Safety Council In c o ro o ra tc d / 20 North Wacher Drive, Chicago HONORARY MEMBERS Association or Ison ans Stssl Electmcal Enginssss Rohst W. CAicmox Asratm Williams OPFZCRRS (1932-1933) JR.o1b.ssBtaLnaCsaht,uPnre, sVidiceen-tP. resident for Public Safety. JH.oEw.aCido uBn. tFeorn, dVai,ceV-Pfcree-sPidreensitdefonrt EfonrgiMneeemribnegr.ship. JG.. E.TL. oHnug,aVmivcte-hP,reVsiidcee-nPtrefosirddeniet fDoirviBsiuosninoefssSAafdemtyinCisotruantcioilns.. GDaa.mCe.s HH.. WWaatitsosnl,, VViiccee--PPrreessiiddeenntt ffoorr IHnedaulsthtr.ial Safety. WA. aWx .CWooanram, Terre.aVsuicreer-.President for Education. W. H, Cakedon, Managing Director and Secretary. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (1932-1933) CW iBt.. FA. tAmm, cPaNas,t SParfeestyideDnitvision. Milwaukee Association of Commerce. EJ.asIr.ssBraWha.sBb,eeC*o.nUsunlittiendg SEtnatgeisneReru.bber Company. CC.. BW. B. oBueuacGtQ, UPiuSTbl,icPaUsttiliPtireessiSdeecnttion. WRomHx.t CWa.mCma>snu,wNoaxt,ioPnaasl t SParfeetsyideCnotuncil. RFombnerkt IH. .CCaotcuann,, AMeatnrianeLiSfeecItinosnu.rance Company. JW. iEll. CGoooiiriawa,rvS,teBveenthsleHhoemtel.Steel Company. ELbawwabdA.DDankBa.uxBso,stPoanstEPlerveastieddenRt. ailway. HMoawbcausss AB.. FDoonwd,a,PBasutrrPoruegshidsenWt.ellcome Sc Co (U S A ) Inc. PD.a.HT. hGotAmTaTsTWtTS.BG, oYsolirnkgC. oSuunpteyrinStaefnedtyenCt ooufnAcilk.ron Schools. GH.aTsh.yHGs uttaa llko a t r, h , TChheic aPguol,l mNaon r tCh o mShpoarney. Sc Milwaukee R. R. Co WFsaalntecbunG. iKf.inKg,nPua,stEPvraenssitdoenntSafety Council. FTsraonmnasJ.EL. aLmkahhtatono, tF,oMrt inPinitgt MSeacltlieoanb.le Iron Comany John E. Long, The Delaware A Hudson Railroad Corporation, 3 dm Twenty-first Congress--National Safety Council HWAr.,tWWhu..rIMmTa.cMk,,oDnCevkl,avwcPfaeuraetdSPSarafeefsetiydtyeCnCotoornndell.l. CL.ewE.RP. aPramuoinbc,, PPuutt PPrreeddddeeontt JL.r.J.CPoulaHke,nPraypeAr .ftRPendipkgSuec,tiPonas. t President GCH. AEB.UStaanBf.oSrcdo, tGt,ePnearsatl PErelescidtreicntCompany. CE.rnWes.tSLmitShim, oSntamn,daNrdewCHHIaCvoenmpSaanfyety(InCdoiuanncail).. HR.. TS.. SSmoittxhx,tAn xS,SEA--ccEidnegnitnePerreinvgenStieocntioEnq.uipment Manufacturers' Section. JAonhnnumH .MT.ayTlooorn,, BCiormnstualgtthnagmMSaarfientey ECnoguinnceiel.r. GC nPa.nToHl.mWama,rPprals,t UPnreiosnidePnatc. ific Railroad Company. WDa.. LC.aWssiuasrnH, .JW., aCtesmone,ntASmecetriiocnan. Telephone ft Telegraph Company. AAD.aa.rWaCu..-aEWI.IBA.tTY.MWotvYni,os.NloPawtuio,tnYaPlarleBesuidMreenaeudt.koalf SCcahsouoall.ty ft Surety Underwriters. DIRECTORS (1932-1933) MAu. gSu.sAtucskeLr.mAanaa, oJrrr.,, SLte.hiLgohuVaSllaefyetySafCeotyunCciol.uncil. W.1. h1.. BFa. nAarshhe,rnC,onSsaufelttiyngDEivnigsiionne,erM. ilwaukee Association of Commerce. JJoohhnn BWa. n Bk s, ar tMonad, i sSoanf e tCy o uDnetyp a rSt amf ee ntyt. CNoausnhcvili.l l e Chamber of Commerce. WFin. eAs.tBVeVn,neBtetc,kW. UorncietesdterSStaatfeestyRCubobuenrcilC. ompany. CL.. GVV. .BBenratlcecyu,isRr,icWhmeosntedrnSaEfeletyctrCicouCncoiml.pany. DE.avFi.s BSl. aBnekv,ejJlo, nLeisbe&rtyLaMuugthulainl ISntseuerlanCcoerpCooramtipoann,y. CW.. BR. BBoocrloe.t,JtP.,ubAlimcerUictialnitiePsetrSoecletiuom. Institute. TR.hoAm. aRsrWya.ntB.reSwafeert,y HDairveilsticonn. SSayferatycuCseouCnhcialm. ber cf Commerce. RGaeol.phA.CC. aRlibswhe,luEleKcntroixcviRllaeilwSaafyetySecCtioounn.cil VRVo.uHte.r CLamve'artolni,n,X.Avetmnaai LSifaefetIynsCuroaunncceil.Company. WFbiaun.kCoHo.peCr,ocSatenv,enMsarHinoetelS. ection. JE.dwK.arCdt'VDLiaNn'FaV. .BBosettohnlehEelmevaStetedelRaCiolwmapya.ny CF.lifAf.orDdavDtaovsoisn.. -Consult&ingHiEgnhgwinaeyerT. raffic Section CL.it Vax'.leDs aIwf lpDt.i sRcefsr.igeGraratinodn RSaepctiidosn.Safety Council. JL*evwiFs. AD. tCDKfBrau. "M-.asCoonnsCuilttyingSaE*>ntgyinCeeorrse 1 JDaam. eLsouI FDrre. dCerhic/ H arvey RDaonlpahld' THhowomarads EP.rnHe.stG ODrt.hoT hK H arry IDs.aTia.hL GE.. TM.. LI CC.h aL s. H1 JHoahrnr y 1 RDoalnaand1 IFrraanVk.i TFrhaonmka Rf.. KM. .I.i VHV.. VVVV.. fh.. vtv.. ;: HP af.xntroyn VV. S. UIs.rR \ NV w M li. i Mi . u . ai t TA. . H d : Cm. !' lJ,oiih n,i.>. TI >t.Vn,--K lull'. ' Officers and Directors JDaam. bLsoBot.sDIo. uDgluaasu, xT,hMe ePthroilpaodleiltpanhiaLiCfeatInWsuorraknsceCoCmompapnayn.y. DFtaa.nCoinmc Wu i. EHa.sEtoank,kBs,laTcekxsttoilnee SVecatliloeyn. Safety Council. DHoaxuavlsy AEi.uFoiioM, xAnrnmrcoau,r TftolCedoompSaanfye.ty Council. TRahlotmhasT .FmFisohwess,tnE,aWstbeasyterSnafPeetynnCsyoluvnacnili.a Safety Council. HP.owHa. xGolBat.eFkoltxibba,,YBourrkroCuoguhms yWSelalfceotmy eCfotunCcoil.. (U. S. A.) Inc. EDra.neTsthoPm.aGsoWod.riGcohs, lCinogn.suClthinilgd EEndguicnaeteior.n Section. OHnabtobyMG.utGLBrBavBeTs., TQhuearPryullmSeacntioCno. mpany. IDs.aTia.hHHababliek,gTtohne,A17tc. hSis.oBn,urTeoaupeokfa MftinSeasn. ta Fe Railway Co. GE.. TM.. HHeulxlsmeultmha, nC,hSicaafgeoty, NBourrtehauS, hDorueluftth MCihlwamaubkeereoRf .CRom. mCoe.rce. CC.haLs. .HEi.ghHtiolwl,erN,ePwetYroolerkumCeSnetcrtailonL.ines. JHoahbxbyPaDiC. EImJmaeclk,soDne,paNrtemwenYt oorfk LEadbiosronft CIonmdupsatnryy., Pennsylvania. RDoalnaaxdE.JoJnoense,s,WMooadnwufoarcktiunrgersanAdssLoucmiatbieorn MofanEurfiea.cturing Section. IFrraanVr.uKnktMn.ebK, rPeemnln,syElvvaannsiatonSaSltafeMtyfg.CoCuon.cil. TFrhaommkasJ.EL. aIjngahptaenoo, tF.oMrt inPinitgt MSeacltlieoanb.le Iron Company. JR.. EM. .LLointgt,leT,hNe eDwelYaworakreDfetpHarutmdseonnt oRfaiElrdouacdatiCoonr.poration. WH.. \WV.. 1M.0acmko.*.DCellaewvealraendSaSfeatfyetyCoCuonucnilc.il. HF.. T w . . M m artin. atson, FMisiknnResuobtbaerSaCfeotmy pCanovu.ncil. HP aexntroyn J.MMf.ni m.neucsrs,oFhono, dDSeetrcotiiot.n. W. S. U rban MUoeMlloelreins.g,DFaoy trot nWSaayfneety SCafoeutnyciCl.ouncil. RM.ilBl.erMMorclCevu.nItnodcukst,riHalarAvcacriddeUntniPvreervsietnyt.ion Associations. WT. mH. .GM. McKcCi..au'XlElYam. .IllEinlioziasbeSthteeSlafCeolympCaonuyn.ciSl.outh Works. CAo. lD. .BMencWP.hoNrttcexr,uxSa. feCtyhatDtaivniosoiogna. SMaefmetyphiCsoCunhcaiml. ber of Commen GJoehorngeAC. .OAa.rtOelp.t.CTahrneegDieetrSotietelEdCivo<mnpaCnoympany. T hos. E. Owen. Lew R. P alme*. EEmqupiltoaybelees"LPifueblAicsastuioranncSeecStioocni.ety. CJo. hEn. PCr.rrPrsaorNkEer,, ABmroeorikclaynn MSaufteutyal CLoiaubnicliilt.y Ir.urance Companv. BI rJa.ivPalrxdakPlaPtatp.erIx&otsPvuillple SSeacftieotny Count l. CHh. aBs.. PEo. tRteerw. Bfranlt.imPorroevidSeanfectey Satetuinci!C. ouncil. I. 7. Cot.. H en' A R i 't'.- o epi>- P-e-t'anr! r < 6 Twenty-first Congress--National Safety Council COb.LA. .S kD.i,RCimhicnaogto, TShifeatTjr nCoiutnbciil.Insurance Company, Cjloaawu . KJ.tuBcoia,, CNheewmaicrkal SSatfeeftfyenCouncil. TJoaanu tBBooarau, ,R1obch*eCsteornstSraufcettiyonCSoeucntcioiln. . GH.uEm. SaGm. rSwc a,aGmenneara, lEErlieectSriacfeCtyomCpoaunnyc.il. OBototobbStcLh.enSckh, mWithte,elMingetaSlsafSeteyctiCoonu. ncil. CGhena.rlJeoshnB. HS.coStnt,taaBtumreMaui, oMf aSsasafecthyu.setts Safety Council. EDba.rnLe.rAL.. SShiaooonbata, ,BNeteMwchHemaveSnteSdafCetoymCpoawny>.cl. OGauonacaa TP.. SStkneolular,t,ReSaadfeintyf-BDeirvkissioCno, uSntt.y PSaaifdetyAsCsoocuinactiiol.n. CC.haWbl. eSsmFi.thS,aSrrtaan,dRarudbbOerilSCeoctmiopna.ny (Indiana). EH.. JS.. SSmmitithh., PAoSwSeEr ^PErensgsinSeeecrtiinogn. Section. RE.. TC.. SSwouintnge,tB1Han, sAdacfceid, eMntoPntrgeovmenetriyonCEo*quPipam.'ent Manufacturers' Section. GETaoHacSaueRa.r SStteepwhaernt,, WThaeshSinafgetotyn,BDur.eaCu., Buffalo Chamber of Commerce. CLao*alnSs toSn. eS*t,oArrust,omUontiitveed IRt aMilwacahyisneIt SEhloepctrSicectCioon.. JAolhfrnedH.HT. aSywloart,heB,irGmeinngerhaalmMSoatfoertsy CCoorupnocrial.tion. HNoenrmbvanD.F.TTnirttu,s,MHeautdsPoanckCinogu,ntTyanSnaifnegtyItCoLuenacthile. r Industries Section. WAr.tDhu. sT Mur.reTyoiolkl,e,CSoannsuAltinntgonMioarSianfeetyEnCgionuenecri.l. W illiam V incent WF.aVkeefkieclbd, ,RKaahnwsaays CSaitfyetySaCfeotuyncCiol.uncil. GDeao. rCgeasHs.iuVsVaHe.teWl. aUtnsioonn, PAamciefircicaRnailTroelaedphCoonme p&anyT.elegraph Company. CHaarmrovllMV. .WWebeblelrs,. IDllienlioviesryB,elTl aTxeicleapbho&neBCusomSpeacntiyo.n. WAl.beLr.tWC.hiWteh. iJt*e.., CJ*e.m, eSnptriSngecfiteioldn. Safety Council. SA. . EH . WW 'trriNC. hitney , LNiabtei ortnya l MBuutrueaal u I onfs uCraans cuea l tCyo&mpSaunrye. t y Underwriters. CW.. TH. .WWininbgaavrs., DUentiroonit CInadrbuisdteriaIlt SCaafrebtoyn CCoounrpcoilr.ation. JD.a.MC. .-WE.oAt. WYoinusnlgosw,wYnalSeheMeted&icaTl uSbcehoCool.mpany.  tfkeepd wioattehr*e :waimthoawoat toerf iittmh dailsktaillliend'pbayrtilceualkaarglye sdaidseafasem, iltihaer ttaaitne-esdu.lph(a3t)e nspector extmsulpchhlaoteridoer, toaf tcofrrerqousieonnt rofdraumtrsainceadn te kTeopt atvigohidt a- some form ieerss aanndd tfheeeidr veaoryr tihnrtoerungahl iintegr dwysitpheptshiea ondt afnredquaeshnetlsy, rsopmpurmteoniastnucrees, evnidteurainl gsttahrekisr s of soot and .ionisuptcelcytioesnsseninigofcodnefdeictitosnsto: rmchinaesewohfetsheec-r trd equipment. Advanced Safety Engineering 29 Dust--An Engineering Probleta By LEONARD ORKBNBURO Yale Uahreraity, New Haven, Conn. tryThmeayspbeeakreergsaardidedinaps aarltl: ofFtrhoempathrteicburloaatedemstavttieerwapcotiunatltlhyeudsuedst apsroadupcaerdt oinf iinndduuss tarsiaflolplroowcess:ses(.1) ITt hmoasye dbeushtselopffual ttooxciclasnsaitfuyrethoisr mpoastseersiaseldfroofmtotxhiec hperaolpthertvieiesw. po(i2n)t dTuhsotssewdhuiscths, wwhhiecnh raersepircehdie,flpyroidrruictaenctshaonfgetsheinupdpieerlurnesgpitrisastouery, tthraatctis, (p3u)lmTohnoarsye patPhoowlodgeyrewdhliecahdmanayd oarrsmenaiyc nsaolttsbeanadssococmiatpeodunwdisthmtauybebrceulcoitseisd. as examples of the ufiprsptergrreosuppir;atwooryodtradcutstirarintdanctse;rtaanind osirlgicaaniacndfibgrreasniateredurespt rmesaeyntabteivceiteedxaams palmesonogf theThime ptoorxtiacntdmusetmgbreoruspofisthceomthpiordsedgroouf pthoofsedumstast.erials which, when taken into the babosdoyr,bperdo.duTcheepdheagrmreaecooflodgaimcaalgcehdaonngeestoofthveaoryrginagnisdmegdreeepednedpseansdeantruolen othnethqeuaqnutaitny tsiutysceopftitbhileitysuobfsttahnecehotastk.enTuhpe broyutteheofboadbys,oriptstiornelaotfivteoxdicegdreuestsofistooxficfiutyndaanmdentthael iimn pgoernteanracle.theTerenspyieraartos royf trreascetarischthwe ocrhkieifnatbhsiosrfbiienldg hoargvaenlefdortomtohset coofntchluesipoanrttihcuat elaxtaemppolies,oniss.atAlebassotrptteinontitmherosumghorteherarpeisdpitrhaatnorythtartacbty, iwnatyheofcatshee oifntleesatidnadlusctanfaolr. oMf osroelouvtieorn, aintobxoidcydfulusitdsd,ewpohseirteedasindutshtetaluknegnsinistorethmeovinetdesptirnaaclticcaalnlayl emnatiyr,eliyn baylawrgaye paIrtt, baetcolemaesst, obbeveioxucsreftreodmditrheecstley.facts, that the prevention of poisoning in industries wpohleluretionsu, cwhhitcohxicin dtuursnts raesroelvgeesneitrsaetlefd,intcoonpsriestvsenitnionthoef pdruesvtenfotiromnatoiofnatomr oosfphdeurisct dInissfeamcti,nantoionmaotrtetrhewhsaimt utyltpaeneoofushapzraervdeonutisonduosft ibsotchonfcoerrmneadtiotnheanodbjedcitsisveemsinoaftiothne. hsiymgiileanrisltinaerse. the same and the efforts of the engineer are directed along more or less irrTithaentsh,eaalrteh cpormobmleamndsinbgrothueghltaragbeosutt shbayrethoef tthhierdingdruosutrpialofHdyugsietsn,istt'hseatptuenlmtioonnarayt dthueripnrgestehnet tliamset . twAesntay reyseualrts o'fhtehree ihnadsusetrmiaelrgdeudst astusdmieasll,wbhuicthehxacveeedbienegnlycovnadluuacbtelde bthoedyproofblfeumndainmeantaglivdenatafawcthoircyh osrervperoscetoss.guiBderietfhlye, hwyegieknniostwinthhaits tehvealiunadtiuosntryo)f hTehaelthchhemaziacradl arnedsulmtiinngerfarlomgicath!enaintuhraelatoiof nthoef dduusst.t de(2pe)ndTsheonsizfoeuorf ftahcetoprsa:rticl(e1s). d(3ur)atTiohne oqfueaxnptiotsyuroef. dust breathed, (a) the concentration of the dust and (b) the emWpheasairzeinigndthebeteidmptoorttahneceBroiftisthheinmviensetriaglaotgoircsalGnvea,tuKreetotlfe,duCsutmfrmomingtsheanhdeaCltohllivsiefwor pAouinstt,raalinaditnoiswgaesnearalrleysuhletldofthtahtethsetudhieeaslthinhtahzeardUsniatsesdocSiattaetdes,wiSthoutthhe Arefsripciarataionnd wofitah giitvseqnutayrptze coofndteunstt., alIlt oitshenrotthtiongbse bienifnegrreedquafrl,omis atonyathcinergtasinaidexbteyntthceorsrpeelaakteedr tFhoart edxuasmt pcloeu, nwtithaonudt qaucaturtazl pcoronotefnitt bsehaorulad nmoatthbeemsaatiidcatlhlyatinatedrcuhstancgoenacbelnetrpaotisoitnioonf. 10,000,000 particles of 20 per cent quartz is equivalent in hazardousness to 5,000.000 JO Tw m tyfnt Congrest--NaHomsi Softly CoimcU pwsritnklouf deufs4ty0pnmilcswta* wqshuicrhtxthoeouatmwottmWntklottnwef dduostkntookwnowtsh,athteifmwo*rerfmeurpasere*a ckAnmiwkaubinMiMnffhwsrnrjmpr mml oBbcouiarmietrwitHnauwggni ethxactetpfqetinuoanhrttusoaanthntdoisuyrsaeptler.keseHinsetrareeslwopwoenetsraibwleaw1fo4*rmcdotroaitantmil*n. caSnos feafrpnufatnhmewarfaywfiohfratohbe dUaromt ipnaortitnicglefsatiisOcjro.ncerned it is generally held that dnt ohvaewr tteisnanmesic.roAnjtina sahsheoiostosoeUfaaan sptrrofidonnegedexincepintdiounsttroy tahnids irsolaed. dTonhefolotnwderUtnhiet eovfatlhueatep.arTtihcleepsaiinntoinf wdohsitchwwhiecharcisinsitgenretfsitceadaatsispuablmicohdeialtmhowreordkifefricsuilst tnhaetdteifrfetro efancttiaotriyonarinorhdruosotacaosneteancthbnetwweeenkthneeword(iiaraorny astoarttinsatilcaaltmsotuspdhieesr)e atondbtehedaanirgeorfoudsnsttoy heIanltha. single dusty trade such, for example, as granite cutting, it has been found pthoesssibamleetoducsotmpSaurechthceommpoarrtiasolintys colfeawrloyrksehroswefxipsotsethdetroe edxififsetrseantdciorencctenretrlaattiioonnsshoipf beTtwheeeninddiuesdtruiaslt choyngcieenntirsattiiosnchbireefaltyhecdonacnedrndeide dwuitrhatidoine osftutdraydeoflifhee.alth hazards in ipnldayusatrymaanjodrthroelier. coInntro19l,21anDdri.nWthinisslwoworkantdhetheengsipneeaekrearnpdubelnisghineederainlgentgecthhyniqcuoens tHriybguiteinoen."deIanlintghiswpitahpedrieweprsoabilde:m of industrial -dost in the "Journal of Industrial inf"lTuehnecrees aorfe,inindugsetrniearlald,ufsotsu,r wdihfifcehrenmtamy ebtheocdlsasosfifiperdotaesctifnogllothwes:woTrkheer saugbasitnistuttidoine oclfoswedet cphraomcebseserss; ftohre drerymopvraolceosfsedsu;stthbeychoonodduscteqoufipdpuesdt wpriothduecxinhgauostpedrraatifotn;sanind ethne uusnedeorgfonreespnioraftounrsdaam.iednthalelmcheatns.g"e. TIonddaeye,d ntheaerrley h1a2s byeeeanrsanlataecr,cutmheulaptiroonbleomf dhaatas whTichhe sperrovbelsemto oafdda tmoittihgeatvioanlidoitfythoef tdhueststhaatezmaredn,tsbemiatdetoixnicouorr eirarriltiaenrtwdourskt., may baneyredcuasptitwulhaitcehd maasyfobellofworsm: ed(1is) oSf uabsrteiltauttiivoenlyonfonno-hna-hzaarzdaorduosucshasruabcsttearn.ces(2s)o Sthupat ptiroenssioofn doufsdt udstisbseymtihneatuiosne,ofbytec(han)iqueensclwoshuircehs parenvdenetxhdauussttfso, rm(ba)tiodnu. st(.r1e)mPorveavlenat dpuosintyt oaftmoorsigpihne.res(.4) Provision of separate sources of air supply for the worker in forInthtohseewohfoale hfaiezladrdoof uisndcuhsatrriaacltehrygsiteannedsthpereseumbsintietunttioans othfenosonl-uhtaizoanrdoofusthseubpsrtoabnlceems acot nhtaancdt .wiItth msuucsht bperoobblvemiosu,s,theavtenwthoertehoasedwanhgoerhoauvse ghaasd, lliiqttuleid,orornosoalcidtuaclaninbtiemarete pprlaocbeledmbyisaacnhoienv-headz. ardInodueseds,ubifstathnecesuthbestimtuotest issantiosftaccotomryplepteolsysibhlaermsolelusstiobnutofretlhae vtiiveewly-poleisnst sr'of. tihteisinadudsetsriiaralbpleroscuebssstiatut tehapnrdo.vided, of course, it is feasible from the wiIthn 1s9y2n0t,heUtirc. W(cianrsbloorwunadnudmt)hegsripnedaiknegr awdhveoeclastefdorthethesubpsrtoictuetsisonofof wderty ggrriinnddiinngg othne nSatt.uitrealofsaCndosntnoenceticwuht.eelTs haes sthuebstsiotulutitoionn ooff stynnethdeutisct ahbarzaasrivdesinoafnloawxequfaacrttzorcyonin theenatlthinhpalzaacredoifn scaenrdtaiwnosualnddbbelasotfinmg aptreorciaelsseasid. in the solution of the problem of the theThmeactehriieafl mweitthhodwsataevraialasbilne fthoer twhehitperelveeandtioinnduosftrdyusatndforimn atthioenmcionninsigstininduwstertytinags cpolancdeudctiend thine SgoriuntdherAfarnicda.waItnerthise awddheitde dleuardingindthuestrcyomthpeletleeatdumgrbildisngoranbducgkrliensdianrge * Advanced Safety Engineering 31 pthreoewma.terAoaftinoafl dstieepminixtthuereparnodemrescuoltn*siisnts thine tdheesiirnetdroednudctipornodoufcto. il Iwnhtihche fSoorcueth* tAhefriScaonutchAldfrmiciannesr,essielaicrocshiswiosrakevr*erhyavime pboeertnansttuhdeyailnthg thhaizsaprdro, balnemd faonrdmaattneymypetianrgs tboy saanMygmatecanitss rheesaulltthedhainzaardcso. mWplaetteersohlaustiboenenofutsheed pexrotebnlesmiv,eliyt hanasd,bweehnileofitimhamsennsoet aidStiinllloanwoetrhinerg etxhaemcpolneteonftthoef astumpporsepshseiorinc odfusdtu. st is the use of a foaming compound mmaixdteurme wGhericmhanseyr.veTs hteo mcoenthvoedrtctohnesidstrsilloinfgssupipnltyoinag mthued,drthilul shoplreesvewnittihnga tfhoeamcoinng tdarmfltitnnagtiobnutocfoldleiectsatmonosdpiheeoreu.tsidTeheofmthoed ddroiells hnoolets.intOernferderywinigth, tdhiies meffuidcieinscyconof veWrtehdilientiot aishnaordt pcoemsseibnlte-litloce csoumbsptalentceelyaenndcldoosees cneorttarienledausestydupsrtoicnetsosetsh,eiat iris. often pnoegssaitbivlee taoirenpcrelossseurtehesmo atso tao vmearyintlaairngeleadkeaggreeei.nwSaurcdhaenndclporseuvreens,t wouhtewnarkdeplteauknadgeer, ofofrtemn osferevnecltooserdedduecveicegraenadtlythteheresduulstts hoafzsatrudd.iesTmheadheywgiietnhicsuscahndebqluaisptmceanbtindeitscilsosae ttyhpeefaocfte<qhuaipt matemnot.sphNearitcurpalollylu, twiohnenisthkeephtyagtieaniccocmabpianreattivoerlytuvmebrylinlgowbalrerveellisbybetihnigs liosaadedmwattiethr woforcka,rethfuelreenisgirneeaelrionpgpodretsuingintyafnodr caatmreosipnhemriacinpteonllauntcioen,anbdut utsheisoafgtahine equWiphmenenitt. is impossible to suppress the formation of dust and when it is also impos tshibelewtooreknecrlothseertehestpilrlocreesms aainnds koeneep hthigehdlyusstaftrisofmactsoereypinmgetihnotod thwehibcrheatthheingenzgoinneeeorsf hmoaoydsusperofvoidr etdhewritehmosvuacltioonf vdeunstti.latTiohni.s cIonnsaistsstuidny thoef tphriosvipsrioonbleomf lmocaadle ebxyhatuhset tshpaetaktehre imn in1i9m19umanvdelpoucibtlyishaetdthien tthhreoaPt uobflicsucHheaelxthhauRsetphoortosd,sitshwoualsd dbeem1o5n0s0trafteeedt pvietralmiimnuptoer.tanIctewians aecvhiideevnitngfrothme tdheessieredstuednieds. thIat t sthhoeulddesbigensoof ctohnesthruocotdedwaass otof aenscploossesitbhlee fgrroinmditnhge wphoeinetl oinf soorigfainr aosnptohsesibwleh,eethl,eadnudstthsehoburladnbche rpeimpeovsehdoualsd nbeearslyo ldoeclaivteedredasintothecahtcohodthtoe adiudstinanitds rtehmusovmalakbey tuhsee eoxfhathuest vaeilrocsittryeamw.ith which it is doAstntortahpe.r eTxhamispaleppoafralotucsaliizsedusdedustforremthoeverdemaot vtahle opfoitnhte odfupstroidnucrtoiockn idsritlhliengKealnldy oconensiesntsd ooff aa sfplelixtibmleethaol scea, nthpelaocethderovteerrmthineatdinrigll ihnoltehse. sTucotiothnisaphpoaordatuiss.conAnehctoelde pseiervrceess ttohecotnofpinoef tthhee dhuosotdpfroordutcheed pbayssatghee odfritlhliengdroilplerraotdio. n,Inthepradcutsict et,huthse bheoinopd ccahrarrigeedd orfeflabtiyvetlhyedsuuscttiforene ciunrtroenthtetogeanneraalira-ctmleoasnpinhgered.evice. The air is then dis enTclhoesurmesethporodviodfedduwsitthcosnutcrtoiol nbvyenretimlaotivoanl ifsropmrobpaobilnytsthoef mporosdt uccotmiomn onbytympeeafnosunodf imnaiinntdauinsterdy.theWmheenthothdeyeienlcdlsoseuxrceelalnendt voepnetrilaattiinogn rseyssutletms. aTreheprdoepseigrlny adnedsigcnoendstrauncd ttihoins foiefldsupcohssseysssetesmesxcdeepmtiaonndal tohpeposertruionuitsiecsofnosridtehreatiwonello-tfratihneedtraeningeindeeern.gineer and anWd htheen witoirskeimr piosssfiobrlceedto tloimlaitboorr rienmaovdeusthtye datumstospprhoedruec,edit bbyecionmduesstrinaelcepsrsoacreyssetos hreeslmorettst,o pheirasnoynaltyppreosteocftiorne,spniaramtoelrys, athree uinseeovferryesdpairyatoursse. orTphoesyitivoepearairteproenssuthree filtration principle, the filtering medium used commonly being sheets of filter paper. 32 Tweuty-fkst Congress--National Safety Council fraf_a_Uk_gh_hbo,orbclaittjhtieancsoopnfittecaocattttoadntaftslhaetnhndeeelw.viceTeohwie itStbhhoatorhirendgifnaeacfrfeyicaiertensctphyieroawftoporarpkfaeerrastftaaednadcopodottoowrnitohflaaemanauenclhd usTuahlely pfoastittiyveaiprreVsmsukrse inbcahmneetn, donthteheedogteheorf hthaendm, eceokm. pletely aarronada the head oou(tdoor ^avoirriobcyf Wmfetdantshiosf CthRtetlOBtuSbiet cpooneneeiMcteedtowipthrotvhideehhelfmaetw. iTthhea psouspitpivlye opfresdseuarne htheehnaeutmismoefntetsn ocfumthbeerwsoomrkeertoarueselimanitdedisbyfrethqeuelnentlgythobajaedctewdeitgohot nofththeeghroosuendwhthicaht oseftrevnesretoal caonndveiympthoertawnto,rktheer'spoasiritivsueppprleys.suIrne hseplimteetofsetrhveesse aobvjeercytiounsse,fuwl hfiucnhctaiorne isntuddiieesporontethcteioenffoicfietnhcey woof rpkoesritwivheopfraesfsourcreedmtoaskens taenrddiheeldmusettys matmadoespiahecreo.njuRnecctieonnt wfeietthptehremabinruasteivteheblwasotirnkgerreitsewarecllhpirnodteiccatteed tahgaatinwsitthdiae finrehsahlaatiiornsuopfpmlyjuorfiosoisx dcuusbtisc. ADJOURNMENT so Twenty-first Congress--National Snfety Council taheprwoporekr. sWtafhf,v annodt tnteoet abpm mmm b taMidhiaianirtaiceapienrathoea Mwhanoliebraaslannotts?baTtnhetrraaimneadterfaodr aannyraelayie anttoecnkdabnet.tter qualified to interpret a physician's plan of medical aerrice than thaMt uthceh pdheypseincdiasn,ubpyonretaheeonphoyfsUicaslpcroonfedsitsiioonnaol f the employeisesh. eaIt qaumalioffietdhteoohpeinnidokn MwMorKry0o1vueKr hpormooewamffaiOrst,BqluIiItBeOoBfgtenClplyroOdyuWce .accMidOenutlsl. lyInu pmuannsy, cHafsOeMs gtfhwe >fBeOarWan0Jdr twhoerrnyurosfe.licMbnaettsya oinf tthheesefacmaisleys chaanvebecogmreeautlnydaelrlamyeydpbeyrsoanatallkobwseirtvhattihoen.doctor or retIutrnshtooulUd salrseogublearabesmopluloteylmy etnhte apltaerrt ionfjutrhye, panhydsitchiaisn dteocissaioyn wshhoenulda nmoatnbeshianl*l ofiruernecceodrdi.n Tthheesseligchotnetsetstbsyarites pproospseibrleanodffsheatveoobraonuygh"nt oa-blooustt touuntestaancdciidnegntr"escuolntsteisnt tihnejurreedduecmtiopnloyoefeslobset-intigmeurgfreedquuenndcuylyfigtourerse.turnHotwo esvoemr,ethfoerrme hoafvewobrekatmcearseelys otof pferreevewntitthhethmearekminpgloyuepe'osf wa ellofastr-et.unTe haeccpidheynsitciaNn ohthaisngevsehroyuldmboetivaellotwo erdettuorninttehre ecmonpsleoryveee btoothhitsheregphuylasricawl oarnkdasecopnroommipctlywealsfarpeososifblteh,ebuemt phliosyeheigahserwdeulltyasis dtioe emTphloeyesra.fety director has need of the medical service, and the two should earnestly cdoe-poaprtemraetnetsanadre sseterkivitnog bbryinagllapboosustibale mmuetaunasl tfoeeplirnegvenamt eocnognotmheicewmapsltoeyecehsa.rgeBaobtlhe to the disabilities and hazards of industry. TUESDAY AFTERNOON SESSION October 4,1932 noTonhemdeeelteignagteisn fairsJtoiantttenSdeesdsioann winiftohrmthael MlunectahlesonS,ecatnidont.heTnhigsatsheesrseiodnfowratshedeavfotteerd tinotraodsuycmepdosthiuemfiorsnt tshpeeadkuesrt. problem in industry. Chairman Greenburg immediately The Effects of Inhaled Mineral(BD*i*u-yst-s JyXj *.T"* By LEROY U. GARDNER Director, Saranac Laboratory for the Study of Tuberculous, Saranac Lake, N. Y. larAges plornogpoartsiomneonf hthaevme wsuofrfkeerdfrionmstdoinseeasiet hoafsthbeeelnunagps.preIctiawteads tnhaatturaanl tuonausssuuamllye ethnaetdsbuychthdeisdeaissceowveoruyldofbeblcaacuks,egdrebyy othrerdeduspt iggemneenratsteidn, athned ltuhnisgsb, esloiemf ewtiamsesstraecncgotmh paTniheed tbeyrmth,epnfoerummaotnioonkoonfiossciasrwtiasssuien.troduced to describe the lung pigmented in this mofanpnneeru.moWnoitkhonfiuorstihseornoabsebravsaistioonf tphaethtoylpoegisotfs dauttsetmipntheadledtoancldasssuifcyh vnaarmioeuss afsoramnstahnrcaec.osiIst, swidaesrorseicso, gcnhizaeddcotshisatawsolmeevefnorbmysssionfostihseanddisetaosbeacwcoesries amttaednedethdeibryapsepveearre psyamthpotloomgiscaalnpdicrteusruelst ainnddethaeth cbauutsatthiveeredwusats. noFincaolrlrye,lasttiaotnistbiceatwl esetnudtyhedecmlinoincastlraatnedd twhiatht oaf cahllakraincdtesriosfticinpdautshtorilaolgidcuasltslessiiloicnaagnednecroamllpylepxroodfucseydmaptodmefsin. ite type of disease Industrial Health Section 51 is TsporAiteqrdtehatrlcylindiecianleedn.tityMkonreoowvnera,*waiOthkinoctihaeislaosntethloreren oorf fponuerumyeoaoroskoaosbioessUtoswdhuicsht htoaesasaldaiaffhearw* sihnowsonmteorepsrpoedcutcsefraonmothseilricsopseisc.ific type of reaction attended by ymp- spTrehaed uosteheorf froardmiosgroafphpynehuams obnrookuognhitostoisgestthilelr laacmk ascsomofpldeetescrdiepftiinvietiodna.ta Tfrhoemwiniddei vbeideunalcsoreraeploaateedd twoitmh apnaythkoilnodgsicoalf oanccautopmatyio,ncahledmuisctasl bsututdtiheesseoffinthdeingtissshuaevse annodt dyeet toafiltefdtopacnalyses of incdhusutriifatsl aatrmeodspuehetroes.theThaecrteionis oaf tseinlidceancpyerhtoapasssmumodeifitehdatbymathnye cahnecme iacbaol ucot mthpeomnenwtsheonf tthhee dpuurset tWypeesshoaflldounsltyabnedinthaeiprovsiatrioionustocsopmeabkinwatiiothnsashsauvre been studied in human beings or in experimental animals. quFenotrlythceomsapkliecaotef scolamrietyfonromsmoefntpionneuhmaosnobkeeonniomsiasd.e Ionf tthhee pinrefebcatciotenrsiowlohgiicchal seorafroef mreefldeicctisnethtehepoupseulaorf assuscohciatetiromnsoafspn"geurimndonerosk'oncoionssiusmwpittihon"tubaenrdcu"lomsiisn.ersT'hpehtnhaimsise"s qwueernetlyjussthifoiwedn tbhoatth, ibnysiclliicnoisciaslaatnldeaspta,tahosluopgeicra-ilmopbosseerdvatutiboenrcfuolor siist mhaasy bceaeunsesduebasteh isnilipcoesrhisapitsse7l5f dpoeerscennott odfevtheleopcausensle. ssStohmeeluonbgsservareersperveevniougsolysodafmaragaesdtobystaatelatthenatt tpurboedruccueldouisn itnhfeecetixopne.rimThenistailsapnrimobaalblbyy atnheexinahgagleartiaotinono,f fsoilrictaypwiciathlosuitlicionsfeiscticoann. be cuTt haes trhoalet ooff pausbreestsoilsicda.ustWahsileantheexrceitaarnet noufmtuebroeurcsurloeupsoritnsfeocftidoenatihs ninotasabsesctloesaisr ddueemotonsatratteermaninyalextucbesesrcouflossuisc,hneinvfeerctthioelne.ss Ssiumrvpeleysanotfhrliavcionsgiswiosrksaeirds thoavperefvaeinletdthtoe pturboegrrceussloiosins orfatteubmeurccuhloluosweinrfethctainont.haSt t"antiosrtmicsal"frofomr cthoealamgeinginrogudpi.strAicstsyedtocoshrroowboa risatleadckeinxgp.erimental proof of protective action of coal against tuberculous infection facNiloitty oinnltyhethteisstuuebserpcrleeviobuascliylludsambaugtedothbeyr sibliaccat.eriFaorseeemxamtopled,etvheeloppnewumithonsiapercaiatel anmatoivnegs sliilvicinogticunnadteirvesilmabiloarrercsonodfitSioonust.h AInfriccoaalismminaenrys, tilmikeeswitshea, t pinneunmoonn-siialiciostica coWmmhoant haansd boefetennsfaaidtalofcotmhepliecfafeticotns. of inhaled inorganic dusts would indicate that ttihceulraetaectmioantteorf. thTeodtiasysuietsisisgneontermalelyrelayccaeprteesdpothnaset tthoeminecjuhraynicisalchirermitaictaiol ninbynaptuarre caanpdabtlheatofoenxlycitcinegrtarienacotifonA.he Incomthme ocnasetyspoefs soilficainadnudstrtihael sdiulisctastepoofssemsasgnpersoipuemrtieosr apsabrteisctloess tlhiebesrlaitginhgtlysialilckaaliinne cbooldloyidfalluidfosrmpr.obTabhliys esfufbecsttanacesloiwrritsaotleustiothneofcotnhneecdtiuvset tpiossrutiengceflrlsamwehwicohrkreeslpemonedntsbyatmtuhletipelxypinegn.se Tohfethreesmulot reis daenlicoavteercgerlolswtshpeocfialtihzeedsufopr speFcoifricthfuensectitownos. types of dust the character and form of the pathological changes nhoasdubleesenofccaorenfnuelclytivwe otirskseude owuht.ichIndevseiilkoopsfisirstthein etshseenltyiamlpotiisdsuteisscuheasnsgietuactoendsiisntsthoef drermaionvaagle oafppfaorraetiugsn obfodthiees launndgs.subTsheeqsueenntloyduilnehsaliendterpfaerrteiclwesithactchuemuplhaytesioilnogitchael forfamtheewoorrgkanof atnhde leunncgroiatscehlef.s uSpuocnh irtesacfutinocntiognraadl ueallelmy ednetsc.reaAsess athreesnuolrtmtahle eclaasrtdiicnitayl seyxmcepstsoimve oafmtohuentdsiseoafses,cadrystpisnsoueea foorrmsehdortinnestsheoflubnrgesaththedevrieglohpts.sideBeocfaustheeofhetahret 52 Twenty-first Congress--National Safety Council ecnocmopuenntesrate inthcereaosvinergwdoirfkfiecdulthyeainrt fomrucsinclge bbloecoodmienstothtihcekeorrgaannds. heIanviaenr aanttdemwpitlesto infection intervenes the time eventually arrives when the heart fail and death occurs froTmhethriesascoanussef.or the prevalence of infection in the silicotic lung are not altogether dsceaarr.tissIuteitshaotbvmiooures dthuastt pwahrteincleths ecadnraoinnlaygbeesryesmteomveids wtoithobdsiftfriuccutletyd, tbhye nsaomduelems uosft bluengtruanedosfetbuacpteprrioagrweshsiicvhe minafeyctbioensin. haBleudt.thAissisancootndsieequwenhcoele tshteoyry.remThaeinsilicothtiec otifsstuuebearpcplearbeanctliylli oafnfderspearhpapecsuolitahrelyr bfaavcoterraiba.le Esoxipl efroimr etnhte hcaosntsihnouwedn mthualttipevliecnatiaotn gteuniunaetaedpiogr.gaFniusrmthseromf otrhei,s intyhpaelewd isllilipcraodduucset rwapilildclyaufsaetaal tpurbee-ercxuislotisnigs ilnateantsiltiucboetirc cuTlohues cfaoucuses,ohfatrhbiosrienfgfecat fuepwonatttuebneuractueldoubsacinilflei,cttioonbehcaosmneotpryoegtrebseseinveasacnedrtasipnreedadb.ut psirloicbaa.blyAsistocisiatiend swomiteh wthaiys faascsotocriatiesdanwiitnhcrtehaeseddeaatchtivoiftytisosfuethceaupsheadgobcyyttehsewtohxicihc acraerrystitmubuelartcelde bbyacitlhlie iinrtroitaptrienvgiosuilsilcya usnoindvooltvethdespeorcteiollnssteonfdthtoe mluniggr.ate rapidly and wiAthsibnesthtoesludnugst., pIet rtheanpdss btoeclaoudsgeeoafloitnsgftihberowusalsltsruocftuthree,fiinsenrottubtreasnasnpdorltietdtleveorfyitfaisr rseomluotivoendobfyththeefilbyemrsp,hoacticcudrsraiinnatgheeirsyismtemme.diTatiessvuiecirneiatyc.tioAn,s pinrobthaeblcyasienitoifatesidlicbay tthhies rinetaoctiloeanthceorn-sliikstes oscfaarns. overgrowth of the connective tissues which is later transformed paArtilculmesinuamre oaxsidheawrdillansedrvsehaadrpmiarsabltyhoasse aonf ecxraymstpallelinoef asilnicoan.-siWlicheeonus adumsteawshuoresde qraubabnittitytheofmsuacjohriptyartoicfleths,em1 tcoom3 emtiocrareisnt diniamitsetelirv,earreanidnjespclteeedn.intTohtehree etahreyverienmoafina, athpepacroennntleyctihvaermtilsessuse,scofollrecatetdleianstlatrwgoe pyheaagrso.cytIincjeccetlilosnanodf tphreodsuacminegqnuoanrteitayctioofnthoef sfuamncetiosnizaeldelqeumaerntzts paarreticallems oesxt ccitoems ptlheteelyfordmesattriooynedofansdo tmhuechorgsacnars tairsesureedtuhcaetdthtoe noCdualrabrormunadssuems ,otfheleactahrebri-dliekeofcosnilsiicsotnen, cwe.hen inhaled by guinea pigs for periods as ltoisnsgueas.s fIotupr roydeaurcse,s loiknelwy iaselofwailsgratodeexincfiltaemsmigantiofricyancthaonvgeergwroitwhthnoonfotdhuelesc.onnective resIpnosntasnecetos dsuuscth paasrtitchleosseiscinteodt dcuoensttoituthteeirthhearbdanseisss faonrdbsehliaervpinnegssthbautt tthoechceemlluiclaarl hsuabsstnaontcebseelnibeprraotveedn bdyirtehcetlya,ctfioorn tohfe tdheetetcistisounesofupsoonlubthleems.ilicTaheinctahsee tfiosrsuseosluobfifleitrys tkencohwnincatlodliifefiacuclteilels pwohisiocnh atonddayin awreeauknscuornmceonutnrtaatibolen.s iNt ewviellrthperolevsoskethaisn souvbesrtganrocwe tihs of Mtheentcioonnneschtoivueldtibsseuems.ade of the effect of inhaled coal dust. Most city dwellers bcorenastihdeerainblesuaffriecaie,ntofquthaenitritileusngosf thDisepmoasittesrioalf gdrueryingorabnlaacvkerdaugset lwifiel-ltibmeefotounpdigamloenngt tlhitetlecoourrsneoonfewthegrlyomwpthhaotifccdornaniencatgivee styisssteume. bTuht ethcisoapl igmmineenrt'astiolunngisisasmsouccihatebdlawckiethr ohcuctuirnamnaolsytsiisnsutsaunaclelys irtevaelasols daepvperleocpiasbnleoadmeofournmt!inogf ssiclaicrsa. inWthheenlusnugcsh. rTehaectipornesednocees oefraetexcaemssoivuentq' uoafnStiitliiceas of SO tchaartbtohne dlautstterapispanroetndtleyp influences osited in n the odule lsoca as liiznatpiounr e of mod silicosis buCt oinalstmreiankesrsa'lofinbgrolsyism, pdhuveestsoelsrealastipvuerley csomalalwl oaumldoulonctsalizoef. silica, is therefore dit- Industrial Health Section 53 ehxicmessivfreo,mthethaeftfeocft tohfe dpiuerecoqaul airstznewgolirgkibelre. aWndhetnhethreeaacmtioonunatpopfroixnihmaaleteds stihlicaat iins pvaarrieetsyilibcoustist.heTreheirse eisvidsaeindcetotobesumgogreestretahcattiotnhitso ihsardduecotaol tdhuengtroeattheer baimtuomuinntouosf siliFcienoaulslyr,ocdoenwsidheicrhtmheusstilbiceowsisorkoefdgirnanmitienincguttaenrtsh.raTcihteu codaelv.elops somewhat more tsolowthley rthelaantivthealyt osmf tahlle apmuroeunqtuaorftzunmcionmerbianncdd istilhicaas ibneegnramnaitienta(i2n5edtoth4a0t ,tpheisr icsendtu)e. aBtutleiatstisinbheliibeivtetdhethaetffeocthtserofcotmheposnielinctas osof tthheatgloonmlyeraatfetegr rapnroitleonmgeady nexeupotrsaulirzees otor hdiegvhelocponicnengturaintieoanspidgosesinshiaglninifgicapnutrereqauctairotnz ofocrcuar. yeWarh, ilneottyepviecnal thsieliceoatriclienstodsuulegs gtreasttiioonnsooffngordaunlietse h(a4v0e paeprpecaernetdsiinlictah)e flourngfsouorf yaenaimrsa. ls inhaling comparable concen attTenhtiisonbrtioef tdhiescluimssiiotantioonfssoomf eouorf pthreesepnrot bklnemowsleindvgoel.vedIt inindpinceautemsonthoaktonthioesisreadcratiwons otof tahnatindhuaslte.d dItusetmipshdaseitzeersmtihneednebeydthtoe fcuhrethmeircasltuadnyd opfrodbiaffbelryenpthtyyspiceasl ocfodmupsotsibtoiothn isnhotuhled pbuertehestnaeteutraanldizaintiomn eoafsuthreedtocxoimc baicntaitoinonos.f sTuchhe dualntigmearoteusaismubsotfanscuecshaas ssitluicday. The Dust Content of thIendAustmtrioessphere in Various Dusty By J. J. BLOOMFIELD Sanitary Engineer, United States Public Health Service, W ashington, D. C. capTahceityspteoakperrodsuacide ipnulpmaornt:aryThpeathporloopgeyrtiaerse,ofthea ngiavteunre doufstthwehidcuhst,dettheramt inise, iittss cthheemdiucsatl dainsdpemrseinderianlotghiecaal tmcoomspphoesritei.on, its particle size, and finally the quantity of duOstneinohaflathtieonouiststathnedindgemroesnuslttrsatioofn thoef tlhaset f2a0ctyethaarst, oifn regseenaerrcahl, inthethedegfireeled ooft hmeaailnthinghaczoanrsdtasnta,ssisocdiaetpeedndwenitthuptohne thinehamlaintieornaloogficaalnycomdupsot,sitaiolln ootfhethre fdauctsot.rs Froer seuxcahmpalse,griat niiste ndouwst, wweillll einstatbimlisehepdrodthuacet tfhiberosinishaolaftitohne olufngcse,rtaatintimtyepsesasosfocidautestd, wmiutchhtulebsesrcfuilborsoissi.s wInithootuhternocatasbelse etxepnodseunrcey totowduasrdt msuabyserqeuseunltt itnubtehrecuplroosdisu;cttihoins oisf tmruaerbloefdcuesmt, ewnthicdhusitn. thAenqduafnirtitUieys, athnedrelenagrethsceorftaeixnpotysuperes soof fdaursot,bsaesrvteydpipfireoddubcye qliuttalertzluncognfteibnrtosaisr.e tIhne goenneesralw, hiitchhasprboedeuncefoaunddistahbaltintghosfiebrdoussists owf htihche alurenghsigmhoisnt reaSdoilyf.ar as the size of the dust particle is concerned, it is apparent that in order pfoarrenacnhyymgiaveonf tdhuestlutnog,ptrhoedusciete iwnjhuerrye ttohe thhearmlufnugl s,effietctms uosft thgaeinduasctcetaskse toplatchee. bIty istheknhouwmnatnhaltunngo.t aIlnl otfhisthecopnanretcictiloens oitf iisnhoafledimdpuosrttagnacien taoccheasvseorreagraerdrettoaintehde sizWe iotfh threefedruenstcepatrotictlhees pqrueasnetnittyinofthdeuisntduprsetrsieanlt atimn otshpehearier. of a workroom it is agprepaatreerntquthaanttitwyhienn athgeivdeunstpecroiondcenotfrattiimoen tilsiahnighhe twheillexwphoesnedthpeerdsuosnt cwoilnlceinnthraalteiona of the atmosphere is relatively low, and since the rate of production of the fibrosis K in . |! k 54 Twenty-first Congress--Notional Safety Council pitlapyasrmtialltyepdoerpteanndternottaopienn ptwhefikratht** tdoiewrheitcahtrvdeieddanwgterbofindfaifafbedre, nttk biiirtairtwteirmstue a. pHheenrceebthoebrnieoeedi.for the exalta tion of the quantity of h a t in the induatrial atnoe* theRireecfaibrcrohsoanptrhoedupcrionhgleqauaolfitiiensduaarteriaclodnnceartniendh,aldautisotns hmaasyinbdeicadteivdidtehdatinstoo fathrreaes agsropnopree: a(s1b)esttohso;se(2c)otnthpooseeedcocnotmaipnlientgelyfreoef sciolimcabiinnedthseiliccray,sttahllaint ebfosrimlicaktneos,wneacahs qtauinarintsg, f(rgereansiiltiecacoinntaainnsona-pcprryosxtaimllianteelyforImS psuecrhceanstdoiaftoqmunacretosu);s aenadrth(.3)Indugsetnceoranl, iptrohpaosrtiboenentofoiutnsdqtuhaartts thceonhteanrmt ftdFnoerssthobf areaqsuoanr,tsincoanttteaminipntgingdutsot ebvailnuatdeirdeciet ehraarlmogfuiclnalescsomofpoasitdioons.t, it b of the utmost importance to ascertain its exact min- coImtphosaistiobneeonf oaurduesxtpeornieencsehotuhladf rteosodret tetormsinecoamcbciunreadtelcyhetmheicaelxaacntd tnpientreoraglroagpichaicl oanfalqyusaisr.tz Bpyresneontotihnera mgeivtheond shamavpelew. e IfnoucnedrtaHinpoinsssitbanlecetso, dsuetcehrmaisnewthheen aomnoeunbt dmeianleingthewiathmoaunmtixotfurqeuoafrtzquparretzsenant dinpusruechpodtaussht fmeledrseplyar,byit ais cphoesmsiibclael toanadleytseirs. THaokweevgerra,nmiteosftodruesxtsamwphliec.h cTohmee aivnetoragqueesgtriaonnitaere-ismmixatduereuspofchqiuefalrytzoaf ntdhrseielicmatiens. earnadlsmiincaab1o5utpetrhecefnotl.lowCihnegmpicraolpoarntaiolynssi:s fsehldoswpsarth6a0t ptheirs caevnet,raqgueargtrzan3i0te pceorntcaeinnts, s7i0licpae)r acnendt tohfe soiltihcae.r 4O0fptehrisce7n0t piserpcreesnet,nt30aspecromcebnintedis spilriecsae,ntinaschqemuairctazl c(formee tbhiensaetiopnrowpoitrhtiotnhse oontlhyerwmithintehrealsaidthaotf mthaekepeutrpoggrraapnhiitce;miitcroisscpoopses.ible to determine breWatehinfigndleivnel porfactthicee wthoarkt esramseprlvees aodfmdiruasbtlyseftotlredboothut cohfemthiceal asamndostpnhiqnreeralaotgitchael idnedteursmtriinesatiwonhsic.h wTaeblheav1e pstruedsieendt.s the quartz content of dusts obtained in various TABLE 1 Percentage of Quartz Present in Various Industrial Dusts Kind of Dust Percentage of Quartz RGoracnkitdericlluinttgindgusdtus(bt.i.t..u..m...i.n..o..u..s....c..o..a.l...m....i.n...e..).. RBoracsks dfroilulnindgrydudsutst(.a..n..t..h..r.a..c..i.t..e...c..o..a..l...m....i.n...e..).. DSluastet fmroilml druaswt m(Vilelsrminonctemreedntslpaltaen)t.................. SAinlvtherrwacai;te cpooalilshdiungst.d..u...s..t............................................................. CBeitmumenitnoduusstco.a..l...d..u..s..t............................................................................. TSalaltce mmiill!l dduusstt...(.V...e..r..m...o..n..t...g...r.e..e..n....s..l.a..t..e..)............. none Marble cutting dust....................................... none indIut stirsy eavniddencteritraoinn) otchciuspattaibolnes tihnattherocgkrandirtiellicnugttioncgcuipnadtuiosntrsy ianndthein cboraalssmfionuinng tdhreiesatmwoosupldher1ic idnustth. e hazardous class as judged by the proportions of quartz in maIctrohnass inbe glarregaeterr pthaart ltorawteertosizthese, omuernsteilovne.s v accInessortdoertl minayth ebe doubstt pinhsetrriucmdeunstt sIlnipanmoatyhetrl tmioenan; sthoef ij mmeaaysubreemgeoi cuArvse ipsoienat athtme oinspjuhreyre quFanrtoimtativthe rseizqeuirrainnggec twhiell redferpaecmt oinbdsuesrvtreira,l tahned dcuesrttaci<i Tonhei-shadlifffear msuicnhatinoonrmt in Saoll faairr. ; bdyimethnesioSnc swizheo liemxaitn' asinldicoatbicoultu Tmhaejormiteydiit itnidecsommpeaar mbyillNs,avforou;i nifIincanccoenn or indite Industrial Health Section 55 mfIetrohnaea hbielaonngdeesmt odnimsterantseidonthaaret pvaerrtyiclseekkoxfn dfoosutndofina thsiezelognrgesa.terThthisanab1s0entcoe 1o2f glarregaeterr ptahratniclteesn ims icproanrtslyindsoieze topredseient fianctintdhuasttritahleainruims,bearss coomf psaurcehd wpaitrhtictlhees ltorawteertosisthese, tecormmipnaarlatpivoertliyonssmoafllt;hefurrethseprimratoorrey, tthraescet laHrgeenrcepwareticnleeesddoonlnyoctonpecneren w sdtves with thoae duet particles that are less than ten microns in longest di acicnessortodetrhetoluansgcse,rtiatiniswnheectehsesraryortonoktnoawn sinomduestthriinagl douf sttheis siczaepaobflethoef pgaartiincilnegs mmaythebedoubsttaiunneddebr ycothnesiduesreatoiofnt.heInOwpernacstijceet dduiestscaomupnlteesr.foTr hpearatidcvleantsaizgee ostfudthieiss pinhsetrruicmdenutst oinveur noacltheererddceovnicdeistioins dthiraetctltyheonOawemniscroaspcpoapreatucosveprr-osjleipc.ts Tthheis actomvoesr- sInlipanmoatyhetrhemnebtheodproapemrliycrompohuontotegdrapahndoefxtahmeindeudstbyis amnyadoeneatofa sheivgehralmmagenthifoicdas. mtioenan;sthoef apamrtiicllleims erteevr esacleadle.onNaon menaltatergr ewd hpicrhintmoetrhosdcreoenne musaeys bfoer mpeaarstiucrleed-sibzey mmeayasubreemgreonutspetdheinrecslualstssesmaacycobredintrgeattoedsiizne,thfreomcuswtohmicahrya mpaenrcneenrt.ageThdeistpraibrtuictiloens curAvse ipsoienatseidly ooubttaeinaerdli.er, a knowledge of the quantity of dust dispersed in the athtme oisnpjuheryrewisillvbeerydeimpepnodretanntt,upsoinncethewittohtaalnqyuagnivtietny dinuhsatletdh.e rate of production of quFanrotimtatitvhee ipnrdaecxticoafl thhyegideengicreevioewf paotminot,spthheeripcarptoiclllueticoonu. ntTihseadt ecpirseisoenntastheto btehset rseizqeuirrainnggecoarfefthuel cpoanrtsiicdleersatwiohni.ch Oshbovuioldusblye tihneclusdizeed oinf tthhee dsumsat llceosut nvt isisiblae qpuaersttiicolne wthiell redferpaecntidveonprothpeermtieasgnoifficthateiodnusatndandtyptoe soofmielluemxtiennattioonn uthseedviisnuatlheacmuiitcyrooscfotphee, oinbdsuesrvtreira.l hWygeiemnicustasbpeeacrt. inPmriimndaritlhyatwoeurarcehieinfteirnetsetreedst iinn dthififserpernotbialetimng isbeitnwethene tahned dcuesrttacionntienndtusintriathledoursdtsinawrhyicnhoramreal kantmowonsphtoerebse, naosstocyieattekdnowwinth tolunbge hdaarmmafguel., Tonhei-shdalifffearnednceteins smhiacrrpolnys minarkdeidamsoetefrar aarse thcoendcuesrnt epda;rtibculets tbheetwdeieffneraepnpcreoxbiemtwateeelny smuicnhatinoonrmthael apnadrticalbensoromf aulltarair-misicrmosacsokpeidc asnizde lowshticwhheanre wperesinecnltudine ivnasot unrumdebteerrs in Saoll faairr. as the upper limit of particle size is concerned it has been demonstrated bdyimethnesioSnoaurteh, Aasfraicarnules,tuodfiensegtlhigaitbleparimticploerstangcreea. terThtehadnattaencomnciecrrnoinnsg itnhelolndgweesrt wsizheo leimxaitmoinfepdotmenitciraolslycohpaiczaalrldyou1s20dudsutstis ^naortticsloescoonbctlauisnievde. frMomoirtwoof SsopuecthimAenfsricoaf, asinlidcoatbicoulut n3g6, pfoeurncdenthtaotfotnhley p1a3rtpicelrescewntere)f ltehses pthaartnicloensewmeircerolenssinthdainam0e.5term. icrTohnes mThaejormiteydioafn thsiezepaorftictlhees, d6u0stpewrascenfot,unwderteo bbeetw1ee2n moniceroannsd inthrdeieammeitcerro. nsDirninskiezer,. tiinclecsommpeaarsinugredthebysihziemfroeqf utehnecyduosft tfhoeunpdaritnicltehse mspeuastuumredofbymeMnoiermwpliotyhedthein |oarre mills, found a close correspondence. These findings have also been corroborated byInNacvornongeocrtdioanto.with the lower limit of particle size of dust of pathological sig onrificianndcireecttheoffotlhloewinnogn-preetretinnteionnt qoufesmtiionnutearipsearst:icleAs siodfe dfurosmt btyhetheevidluenngces, dwirhecatt 56 Twenty-first Congress--Notional Safety Council A w i|* Dm* CoaTnAtsBinLECe2rtain Dusty Trades Industry and Occupation TalcJaMckin-hinagmamnedr Mdriillllienrgs: ...................................... MPaucckkeerrss .......................................................................................................................... SlateCrFuisnhisehrtinncgnMainldls:cylindermen......................... FLlooaodremrscn ....................................................................................................................... QuarDtziscGrcirnudsihnegr Polpaenrta: tors.................................... MLaiblloroeprserat..o..r.s....................................................................................................... GranPiateckQerusarr.y..i.n...g...a..n...d....F..i.n...i.s..h..i.n..g..:.......................... JLaecykn-ehramdmrilelrersdri.l.l.e..r.s............................................................................. HMaancdhinpenepunmeuamticatitcootlooflinfiisnhieshrse.r..s....................................... PAltutegnddarniltlelrasbo..r....(.i.n...d..o..o...r.s..)............................................................. AnthMraicnieters Caonadl hMelipneinrsg: ......................................... BitumAitnteonudsanCtoalal boMr in.i..n..g..:......................................... CAottaelndcaunttterlsabaonrd ..l.o..a..d..e..r..s.................................................................... MCoatrtbolne CCloutthterMs a.n..u..f..a..c.t..u..r.i.n...g..:.................................. CWaeradveersrs .a..n..d.....s.p...i.n..n..e..r..s............................................................................. SilveDrwusatrve tMradaensufa..c..t.u..r.i..n..g..:..................................... NTon-dustv trades ............................................ ........................ ....................... ........................ ............ ........................ ........... ...................... ........................ ....................... .................... ...................... ........... ...................... ........... Diunstmeixllpioonsusre poefr pcuarbtiicclfeosot 2,16500 4154 11,,529786 312 18733 55 111424 3596 3177 23312 1124 33 95 5 pAervceernagt oef qudaurtszt in NNoonnee NNoonnee N3one 33 939 9999 9359 3355 3355 3355 11,.55 11-.52 11..22 NNoonnee NNoonnee 11..77 1.7 efrvaidgemnecnet isinttohetrheostehamt inauptperecsiiazbesle lepsesrcethnatange0s.5 ofmiocrrodninsariyn idnidaumsetrteiarl? duTshtse ebveesrt faonrstwuneartetloy twhies hqauveestbiount " aonutldpubbelisdhaetda doaftaacotunalthemepaasrutircelme esnitzeoffresquucehncdyusot.f duUsnts mineathsuereamirenotsf iinnducsotnrinaelctieosntabwlisithhmetnhtes. duIsnt s1t9u2d9y Foefh'iheal rdmardoecksodmreillipnagrticinle Nseizwe wYhoirckh Cwiatys. lesHs etharenpo1rtmedicrtohne ifninsdiiznegstoonvartyhrefreomsam1ptloes,15wpheicrhcesnht.oweMdosttheofdtuhset dBuasdthainm,thiensesthuadrydingrocdkie ddriullsitnghaozpaerdratiaomnosngwassanbdesttwoeneen w2oarknedrs5 inmicSryodnnseyi,n Asiuzes, ttrhaaltia6. 7mpeearsucreendt soofmtthelsOe.oOpO tpidaretsiclwesereof adbuosutt i1n mtniecroanir inof swizeo.rk Ipnlaacespaarntidclefosuinzde Industrial Health Section 57 mtoaddye boyf ttwheenftiyl-afrivme icsarommpelete*r omf eethleovdenatdiaffemreangtnikfiicnadtsionofofaer1i,a0l00inddiuamstreitaelrs,dutshtes sOpnelayke2r pfeoruncdentthoaft tphreacptiacratilclylesalwl eoref ltehses dthuasnt 0w.5asmliecsrsontsh,a2n1 5pemr iccernotnsweinre sliezses. t1haannd13mmicircorno,nsanidn tdhieammeatejor.rity of the dust, 71 per cent, was found to be between coFntrroamry,alilt oifs tahpepaerveidnetntcheatthwereefonreee,danondlyinbtehecoanbcseernnceed owf icthoncthluossievedupsrot opfatrotictlhees bliemtwiteeonf opnaret-ihcalelf saizned t5o mbeicrcoonusntiend smizea,y awndellfrboemtaakepnraactticaablosuttan1dpmoiicnrtonth. e Mlowaneyr omfetdhuosdts ihnavaeir.beeSnuffdiecveisietdtoansdayustehdatfofrorththeepuprupropsoeseoof fddetuesrtmsinaminpglinthge inqueaintthietyr hfiingdhs uonrivleorwsal dfuasvtorc.onTcehnistraitniostnrsu,mtehnet hGarseebnebenurgu-sSemd ibthy tihmepiUngneitredapSptaartaetsusPunboliwc bHeeinaglthuseSderbvyiceothiner awllorokferistsinduthsits sftiuedldiesin dtuhrisincgouthnetrypaasntd naibnreoayde.ars and is also haDzaurrdingin thmeanpyastinndiunsetriyaelaressttahbeliswhmriteenrtshathsromuagdheountumtheerocuosunintrvye.stigIantioTnasbloef 2d,usat sinudmumstarireys.is Tphreissentatebdleocfletharelyavsehroawges dthuastt tchoenthenigthoefstthdeusatirexinpoasufreewwoafs tihnestehedutastlyc minidnuesst,rieslsa.teOfwiniinshgintog tmheillhs,igqhuparetrzcegnrtaingdeinogf qpulaanrttz, cporeaslenmtininingtheanddusgt roafnitthee cquutatirntgz gtrriiensdilnisgteadndingTraanbiltee 2c,utqtiunagrtzplagnritns,diansg caonmdpagrreadniwteithcuttthiengduasrte irnevtehaeleodthteor biendtuhse most hazardous oLdte occupati^^^e^have stj^jied, Clinicarand Statistical Aspects of Silicosis By ALBERT E. RUSSELL, M. D., F. A. C. P. Surgeon, U. S. Public HeaWlthasSheirnvgitcoen;, SDu.rgCe.on, U. S. Bureau of Mines, in ItthewoUunlditebde dSitfaftiecsultwthooeastriemeantegawgietdh iannydudsttgyreteradoefsa. ccIutraicsyetvhideenntu,mhboewr eovferp,eothpalet marodr,ethpaenoplies agreeneerxaplloysesduptopodsuedst., wCheircthaincondsutsittustecsonthtaeingrpeoaitseosntosuisngelleeminednutss,trisaulchhaza-s ltehaedir, aarbsseonripct,iomn.ercTuhryis, eptacp.,erwhhoicwhevgeirvewirlilsedetaol goennlyerawl itchontdhiotisoensdursetssulwtinhgichfroarmcknown to be direct factors in the production of pulmonary diseases. Economic Aspects of Silicosis losTihoef leicfeondoumeictopirtocbalenmnotprbeeseandteeqduabteylysimliceoassiusreids. trIenmethnedoguosl.d mTihneingsuafrfeearinagrouanmdi Johannesburg, South Afridi, during the period 1911 to 1929, more than 5.1 million dizoaltliaorns, haanvde lebgeaeln ppraoicdeeidnincgosmfpuernthsaetrioanugamloenne.t thTisheencoorsmtsouosf fmigeudriec.al care, hospital coMmpineenssatiinonA. usItrkanlioawaroef raepcoormtepdantyo ihnavoeurboeewnn bcaonuknrturpytewdhbicyh phaaysmcelnatimosf asmiliocuosnits ointhgetropmlaonrtse itnhatnhea Emaisltliownhidcohllawrsill fohre dbiasnakbriluitpyteddueif taolldtuhset cinlahiamlastiownh.ichThareere fialend ahgasaingsrteathtleyminacrreeaaslelodwiend.recIenntmyoesatrso.f the industrial states the number of claims tiled payIt misancyletaimr etshaint mduosnte-pyr,egvoeondtiohneawltho,rka,ndlikeefficaineynt hoepaelrtaht-iporno.moting activity, would Strangely enough, only during the past 25 years has dust received much attention 58 Twenty-fktt Congrtss--National Safety Council athsaatnpeertiiooldogpiacratllyfaecxtoprlaoinfsdtisheeasfea.nptTdahee troawpaidrddethveelosptumdeyntofofthinisdussotwriea*lisoaftioinndwuthfnfaaial hhaavaaerdh.elpTedhetoadcveanntceer*awttehnictihonhaovne dbeoesnt amnaddeheinefaflelctbruapnocnh*theofhienadltnhe,trmiaalammeodcihcina*e tehxeponsuemd btoeraofinthglee winodrkuetrr*ialinhadauatryd; tarandde*anitadldaritgioenratlhraenaatohoatfoorf ianncrycaoatehderingterroeu*pt finactthtihaastuwbjoerckterUs ignatdhuesretyd tfrraodmes dhiaeveatuandyexocfesmsiovretadlietyathstraatitseticfrso,mwhtuicbhercreuvloesails,daies weTllhue mfroosmt nootthaebrleresstupdiriaetsoroyf dsiisliecaosseiss. have been made in the gold mines of South tAhefrimcai,nwerhs.ereItthbeecdaimseeasnee, cwesistharyitseictohmerpltiocastitoundsy, hdaies dbieseenasme oasmt icodmevmisoenpmlaectheoadms ofnogr mitsatceorinatlrowl eorre emlsaedetoavaabielanbdloenfomrintihneg.firCstontismeqeueonntlya, lfaurngdes,scpaelres.onnInevl easntidgactolirnsicianl Swoiduethly Aknfroiwcanhaanvde hbaecsosmeervfeodreams oastbiansisthfisorfileeldgisolfatrioesne,acrocmh;petnhseaitriosncireantteifsi,cawndorkfuris theTrhsetruedyareofatlhmeosdtis3e0a0s,e00s0ilicwoosrisk.ers in the South African mines. It was because of tIhneterenxacteisosniavle LinacbioduenrcOe fofifcesiolifcotshies Lameaognuge tohfe Nmaitnioenrss asreoleucnteddJtohhaatnnceitsybufrogr tthheatfitrhset IntIenrntahteioUnanlitSeidlicSotsaitsesCothneferfeirnscte.study of the effect of dust was made by Dr. A. J. Hl^inszao,bsaenrvaotfifoicnesr, omfadthee oPnumbliincerHs eianlththeSeJrovpiclien,seMrvoi.n, gdiwstirtihct thaendBpuurbelaiusheodf bMyintehse. sBtuudreieasu. oAf gMenicnieess awnhdichPuhbalivce HdoenaelthanSderavriecen,ohwavdeoibnegeninvceosntfiigramtievde bwyorskubasreequtehnet UY.aleS,. aPnudblPicenHnesyallvthanSiae.rviPcer,ivtahtee Bpeurrseoanus ohfavMeinaelss,o acnodnttrhibeuUtendivvearlsuiatibelse oifnfHoramrvaatirodn, onTshileicowsiosr.d "pneumonoconiosis" is of Greek origin and means "dusty lungs." It is aton tihneclutyspivee otferdmusat nrdespisonbseiibnlge ufoserdthneowpamthoorleogtyh.anTphreerveioaurselyfewwithinastadnecseigsnwathioenreaas puTreheduisntt,elil.igee.,not nceonusnimdeirxaetdionwiothf tohteherrelealetimonenotsf, douccsturtso intheindeutisotlroyg. y of pulmonary dceisnetarsaetiomn,us3t. inScilru?deoftheparfotilclloews,in4g.: C1o.ndCithieomn isotfrywaonrdkepretarot gbraepghinynionfg doufst,ex2p.osCuorne, 5. TLheengdthusotsf mexopsotsufrreeq, uaenndt y6. mEeftfewctisthpriondutcheed.industries are inorganic--incidentally, dmuosrtes henacrmoufnutle.redI,t ahlaosnebepernodsuhcoewsnmcoornecluseirvmelaynetnhtatpuslimlicoan,aroynedaomf atghee tmhaonst aclol momthoenr causes combined. Condition of W orker at Beginning of Exposure meRnetefedrebnycethheasprbeseeenncemoadfesitloicat.he Itmfaonlnloewr sinthwathiachwaortkuebrerhcauvlionugs aintfuebcteirocnuloisusauign fseocntiownh,oeiitshenrotlastoenitnfoercterd.tiveI,t wisilhl igsuhflyfernemceosrsearfyrofmorthweorekfefercststoofb'duesxtamthiannedathpoerr oughly before being permitted to engage in a dusty trade. Experience with miners iinn Swohuotmh Asufcrhicainhfeacstioshnowwnasthnaott adewmoornksetrrahbalev,inogr aiflaatewntortkuebrercwualsosiosf, tohre asow-coarlkleedr e"parhltiheirnothida"n tdyipde,thhee ndoervmealolp-ewdorskileirc.osis more rapidly and a tuberculous complication abiTlihtye. lenIgt thhaosf bexeepnosfuoruentdo tdhuastt tihseevoidcceunrtrlyenacegroefatsiflaiccotosirs inisthine pdrioredcutctrioelnatoiolnditso length of service and concentration of dust.  Industrial Health Section 59 U 9 6 U r^nNw CVO* - - --------------weIrne omrdoedre.to Tdheetesremoinbesetrhveateioffnesctincplruoddeudcead sbtyuddyueotfindhiealastiicoknn,eassnoufmbweorrokfersstuwdiieths exs-praecyiaalndrelfaebreonracteortyo tersetssp, iarnatdoray stduidseyaosefs,thephmysoicrtaalliteyxaremcionradtsio. ns supplemented by CoInfaemrenpcreesoenntdiniaggnhoesries saonmdecloafsstihfiecarteiocno.mmTehnedadtiisoenasseofcatnhecoInnvteernnieantitolynableSdiliivciodseids int"oInthtrheee dstiaaggneso,sidsesoifgneavteerdy "sftiargste,"of"sseicliocnods,i"s aanhdis"ttohriyrdm" ustsatgbees.established of expo rsaudrekdtoogkbadliafliantfdaiwngi so. f silica dust in a quantity commensurate with the clinical and ev"enInatbhseenfti.rstInsctaagpea,cistyymfpotor mwsorrekfemraabylebetostlhigehtrleyspiimraptaoirryeds.ysTtehmerme amyubset bsleigahtdoer pmaurstut reshofrwomantheincnroeramseadl dinenpseitrycuossfiolnineaanrd sahuasdcouwltsatoarnyd sitghnes,praensdentchee orfadnioogdrualmar sha"dInowtos.e second stage there must be an increase of all the physical signs observable ionf ttohee fniorsdtuslatargseh,aadnodwstowe irtahdiaogternapdehnmcyustot schoonwfluaenncien.creTahseereinmtouestnbuemsboemr eanddegsriezee of"dInefitnoitee tihmirpdairsmtaegnet aolfl wthoerkaibnogvceapcoacnidtyit.ions are grossly accentuated, and there is tot"aTlulboesrscuolfoswisormkianyg bceappacreitsye.nt in any of the above described stages, altering the sinycmapptaocmitys,. phItyssipcraelsesingcnes,maunsdt trhaedrieofgorraephinicfluaepnpceeartahnecesst,agaendclathsseifidceagtiroene."of working paPreantitelynthseawltihthy, seilxiccoespits, oinf cuonucrosme,pilnicattoeed afdovramnceadrestuasgueasl.ly well nourished and ap haLs imenigtaatgioend oinf cahtheslettiecxsp, atnhseionexitsenat voefrylimcointastiisotnentisfinudsuinagll,yanind purnolpesosrtitohne ptoatitehnet lwenitghthobosftesterricvaicle.calTipheersr)esttoricbtieonsyomfmtheetricchale,stinwacsonftoruanddisti(necatcihonsidtoe twhaes amsseyamsuerterdy occurring in pulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms Dyspnoea is usually the first symptom and most constant complaint in silicosis, aenasde iht aisncbreecaosmese wwiethll leesntagbthlisohfede.xpDosru. reLaannzda,etvheen Aafmteerriceaxnpopsiuorneeecreaisnest,heif stthuedydiosf sinilicthoesisJ,oopblisnerDveidstraictv,erMy isgsroeuarti.amIoudnot nooftdkynsponwoeoaf aamnyoncglinthiceiamn inwehrso wliaisthfasiilleicdostios meInt tihoans tahlisso fbinedeningmywhoebnsedrvesactiroibnintghatthepasinysmpintotmhes cohfessitlicwoesries. a common complaint. dAenccoe.ugh, which was usually non-productive, and frequent colds were also in evi Diagnosis of Silicoaie proMnoesttoofretlhyespolheylysicoiannsthwe itxh-rwayhofmindIinghsavfeorwdoirakgendosoirs. haTvehesdeiscmusesnedhasdilicnoostisl:>aereen dceodinugrestubeemrcpuloloyseids iwnormk,akhionwgevpehry,siacnadl ewxearme innoattiopnasrtiocfultahrely cahdeespt.t inThthee xu-sruaayl pdoroes bgyivephmysoirceal inexfoarmmiantaitoionn,thwanhicahnycaonneusoutahlelyr bmeeacnosn.firmHeodwebvyert,hemxu-crhayc.an be learned tioTnh: e following are some of the principal points in diagnosis by physical examina Percussion usually reveals a general impairment of resonance, the intensity of 60 Twenty-first Congress--National Safety Council wthheicchhaarsapcetcetr voafriaesgeanseararliuzleedwfiibthrolseisn,gwthhoicfhseisrvaicec.omTmhoins fcihnadriancgteirsisctoicnsoifstesnilticwosiitsh. asTthaectigleenaenradlivzeodcaflibfrroemsisituosf swileicreosnisotincchreaansgeedd tahpepserecwiaebrelydeincrethaeseedairnlieirntsetnasgietys., but conFdibitrioosnisiso,fhtouwbeervceur,lolsoiscacliazuesde,swahnerineacsreathsee ifnibrboostihs toafctsiilleicaonsids visocgaelnferreaml itthurso. uTghhe ouItnthme yluncgasse. s of granite cutters there was no marked change to any particular pveadriaelt"y eofffecbtr)eaothn asollunthdes binreautnhcosmoupnlidcsa,tewd hcicahsesn,abtuurtalrlyathberrouaghstofoteunt inthge (voersic"usolafrt typRealoefs bwreeartehianbgs.ent in the uncomplicated cases. No toxemia was present, which is accounted for by the absence of infection. Tuberculosis as a Complication of Silicosis disIatbliesdneoatrlsiuerrptrhisainngthtehaatvewraogrekeirnsdiwvihdouahl.aveIt lawtaesntouturbeerxcpuelroiseinsceintfhecattiotnhsesebeccaosmees dloesvies,lotpheedy swileicroesisstilml oyroeunrgappideloyp,leanadndththaet dwihseeansethreayn daevmeolorpeepdrothloengcelidniccoaul rstue.beTrchuis gwaatsornso, ttotrou,ehoafvethoebcsaesrevsedwthhicaht dtheevecloapseeds swilhicicohsis.thfeiryst.claTsshifey Saosut"hphAtfhriincoaind"inbvreesatik dowPhnyswicitahl teuxbaemrcinualotisoisn eoafrlysiliicnottihceipratmieinntisngwchaoreaerres. breaking down with a tubercu lDour.s Pcaonmcpolaicsattisotnatepdroivnidaestainlkfoormn aptinoenumwohniocchonisionsiost aatlwthayesloacvaalila(bWleaswhiitnhgttohne) xm-raeyd. oicfatelnsoimcieptoyssirbelcee.ntlWy htehnat thdeurtiunbgertchuisloutrsancsoimtiopnliaclatisotnagehastheaddviafnfceeredn, tidailagdnioasginsosisis. oisi couInrsqeu,ieryasyin. to the patient's condition will usually reveal symptoms which are com mweorne tfoatiugnuceo, mnpiglihctatesdwetautsb,ericnuclroesaisse. inIt dwysapsnooeuar, peaxipnesrieinnctehethcahteset,arlayndcoamn palaftienrtsnporoodnucrtiisvee.in Mteamnpyerpaatutireen.ts Thhaedrehewmaosptfyrseiqsueanntdly lactoemr pilnainttheofdiaseacsoeu,ghf,ranwkhichhemwoars rphliacgaetesdfrcoamsest,hebulut nwgsh.enI.tohsiss osfymwpetiogmht dbiedcanmoet smeeamnifteost,ocicturwsaos emaarlrykeads. inTuubnecrocmle bacTihllei wlaetreer usstuaaglelsy pforeusnedntiendthneo sgpuretuamt deiaffrelyrenincetshefrodmiseatsheo.se fulminating types of unTcohme pplihcyasteicdaltusbiegrncsulopsriess.ented variations from those in uncomplicated cases, inas tmususcihc raaslethweares ceoxnisstteadnt aalnredadnyot aungliekneertahle psualmmeonvaarlyuabfilberopsaitsh.ognTohme onlaitcenstignorinpousnt- comThpelicxa-teradyscaosefscaosfestuibnertchuilsossitsa.ge usually revealed areas of conglomeration, or fus cinagte.dofsilficiborsoisti.c Tmhairskifnagcts.wilTlhheey dwemeroensletrsasteddisitnintchte inslidcehsa.racter than in uncompli sisTohie hdiisagoncocsuipsaotifonsaillicloifseis, ais sntoutdyanofeahsiys tpahsky.sicaTlhceopndaittiieonnt'sanhdistroerlyia,bclearexf-urlayasnaalrye noefcdeisssaabryilittyo pdreetseermntineItthe porbevsieonucse tohfatsiilticoissidsifafnicdulttofoarttepmhpyts'ictioanesvatoluadtoe tthhies eaxntdenat g|Kr-eeatetderctaassekefxoarmainleady ajturay.relIitabsleeemclsintioc more gthenaet raitl whoousplditablebbyetatergrtoouphaovfe utnhebiassuesd pinhycsoicuiratsn.s aInndmtoostabeivdeeryh>mtahneuirfafcitnudriinnggs criatythelarrgtehagnentoerah!avheostphietasels caansdes tui.bneirgchutloosuist ccliisnioicnss abrocthavtoailtahbele]>aantidentthaentuisetootfhetheinseduisntrsyti.tutions wit!, it st ems insure better de Industrial Health Section 61 Comm at Vtkaala Among Workers no Loafer lip on d to tflka Dorn theInhethaelthsthuidsytoryI osHf kthoossite oinndeivoifduthales mwohsot himavpeorwtaonrtkeqdueisntiothnes gwrhaincihtehiansduasrtirsyenfoirs naonfuumrtbheerrodfuyset aerxspoansudreth. enItlewfta,stopofsisnidbleocdcuurpiantgiotnhseincooutrhseerotfratdheesstwuhdeyreatthBearerrewatos obTsehrevela2t4enscuychocfasseilsi.cosis has been referred to by other investigators. The South tAiofnriciasn nwoot raksesroscfiaotuendd wthitaht Mthaestceoardryespfaolnl doinvger faallpeirniodtheof syileicaorssisinindcuisdtenccoen."centDrar. lWonagtldpnersi-oPditcohffotirmdea, lsaoppraerceonrtdlys csuasffeiscioenftmtoinedresvewlohpo shilaidcobsiese,nbeuxtpwosheod wtoendtusint toforthea twubarercauplpoasrise.ntlyDoncotot rsiPliacnotcioc.ast Hperesaesnstesrteadcathseat osfuacdhvacnacseesd wpneeruemloianbolceontioosidsevienloap tqhuearmtzinminigneirndwuhstoryhafodr bteeennyeexaprso,seydettotheduxs-trafoyr sehiogwhetdyeeaxrtse.nsivHee phnaedumboeneoncoonuitosoisf swtriithcteidrroegnuelaarcihtiessideo.f Tdihaeprherawgmas,, paenrdhabpys, falutourboesrccoupleouhseinffoeucntidonthinetedrviaepnhinraggmat trhee time. anBd reititgohnt ryeepaorsrt.s tTwhoeycacsehsanogfedwoorckceurpsatwiohnos haandd bheaedn bexepaot saewd atyo fdruosmt bseitlwiceeeonussedvuesnt bfoer seuifgfhertinagndfrnoimnesiyleicaorssi.s aTnhdeytubdeevrceulolopseids. puTlmatotenrasrayllsyalmsoptoombsseravnedd cwaesrees ofofunladtentot sthileicirosoiscciunpahtiisonstufodrievs:ario"uSsomreeasoofnsthqeuimteenap(arrotckfrodmrilhleerasl)t,h,mbourteoivnerd,uehacdoucrhsaengthede winietvhitraobclek ddyrsilplsn,oefaromcam1e90o6nt.o O19n1e4,mthaenn, fjoorineindsttahneceA, rwmoyr,kewdaseipgahstseydeaarss Areg-lu;labrulyt sinixspyietaersoflahtiesr ohpiseni-lalnireslsifew,adsyasptnyopeiacaclacmaeseoonf insili1c9o1s8i,s."and from then until his death lowTihneg itnafblulee.nceNoefwdmusetthinodms oorftamliatynuffraocmturtiunbgersctuolnoesiws hisichclecarrelayteidndeixcacetesdsivine tdhuestfobly tnhinegusoef otfhepnperuemseantitc ctoenotlus,ryw, earendintthroedutucbederciunlothsies grraatneitehaisndiunsctrreyasaebdourtaptihdelybewgiitnh tthheeyir huasvee. bTeehne ermatpelohyaesdriassenfoilnlodwisre: ct proportion to the length of time during which 101..58 ppeerr 11000000........................................................11981900--11989144 19.5 per 1000...............(.....d..u..r.i.n.1g92p4e-r1i9o2d6*of our observations.'! hasAbceeonnsaidnereaxtcioenssivoef dtheeathmroarttealiftryomstaptnisetuicmsonoifa Banadrreo,thVererrmesopnitr,atsohroywdsisethaasets th(eture berculosis excluded) during this period. Methods for thePCrootnetcrotilonofofDtuhset WinoIrnkdeurCs. trvy--a,nd for the By THEODORE HATCH Instructor in IndustrialHSaravnaitradtioEnn,giHneaervrianrgd SScchhooooll of Public Health and triTalhedussptseakvearriessaiwd itinh pthaert:induTshteryhaenadlthdehpaeznadrds uapsosonciaatendumwbiethr oefxpfoascutorers,tochiinedf uosf pwrhoipcehrtiaerse otfhethpehydsuiscta,l acnhdariatsctecroisntciecnstroaftiotnhosine tehxepoastemd,ostphheercehe<m>ficthael awnodrkphpylasciceasl. 62 Twenty-first Congress--National Safety Council upTonheaetvhaohroautkgh ionfvetheteighaatizoanrdosfinthea fgaicvteosrymcdomndtirtiiaolnplaanntd maucstartehfeurlefionrteerpbreetbaatiaoend oanfdthae srteusduyltso.f mTohrebidhwityeaatlngdaUmoortsahloituyldstainticsltuicdse, pchhyemsicicaall eexnaammiinnaatHioonns ooff tthhee dauasetn, adnudst daentdermthienactoionncsenotrfatiitosnpshpyrsoicdaulcepdrobpyertthiees dsuuscthy apscopcaeriteiecslemeulsset.beTdheetersmouirnceeds boyf ato cdoemteprmletienedutheet seuxrtveenyt.anTd hfirseqsuheonuclyd obfeeaxcpcooemurpeanoiefdthbeywaonrkoecrscutpoattihoneahl aaznaardlyosuiss dduusstt prAodkuncoinwglemdgaechoinf etsheisplaalnsot pnreocceessssaersy.and the characteristics of operation of the to Idnettehrempinreesethnet sdtuastet hoafzoaurdrskcnaonwnloetdgbee, sthubejemctaendnetor iannwehxiaccht tahneasleysfiasc. toTrshecohmebailnthe hleanzgatrhdenwtihllebteimreeduocfeedx, phooswureevenre, cbeyssathrye tiontrpordoudcutcioenthoef daanmy amgee,asaunrdesththeatobtjeencdt otof atinmye pfroorgsraafme eoxfpopsruevreenitsioenx,tetnhdeeredfobreey,onisd stohetoordcionnatrryol spcoanndoitfioenxspothsuarte.the limited traTtihoen mtoostwdhiircehctthmeeawnsorokfercsonatrroelleinxgpotsheed.hazTahrde iesffbicyienrecdyucoifngthteheredquusitrecdondceunst cisondterotelrmdeinpeedndbsyupthoen ttohxeicailtlyowoafbtlheecodnucstenatnradtiothne intoltehreanactemoosfpthheorsee ewxhpiocshedi.n tTuhrne sbtyanmdaeradnsooffppehrmysiiscsaibl leexdamusitninaetisosn,maanydbleiminitcinregastehdeibryexcpaoresfuurle stehlreocutigohn aofsythsetemmeonf, oroftattoixoinc omf aetemrpialloyimn entht.e dIut stmaayndbeothfuerrwthiesre icnocnretraoslelidngbyitsredchuecminigcaltheandperpcheynstiacgael chaSrtaacntdearirsdtiscso. f permissible dustiness have been proposed for a few of the dusty ttiroandetso. thFerodmusat csotundcyentorfattihoenssitcoknwehssichantdhedyeaatrhe reaxtepsosaemd,onsagfethceonwceonrktreartsionins rhealvae btheeengodledtemrminineesdinfoSr otuhteh cAemfriecnat, aanndd gthraenistaendcsuttotnineginindduusstrtyrieisn inAuthsteralUian.itedThSetapteesr, emffisescitbluepocnonecxepnetrraimtioenntaolf suzibnjcectosx. ide has been determined direct by studying its ditAionsstafnoduanrdd infotrhaletaidndmusintriyn.g wThhiicshlishta,swbheileen itpriosponsoetdcowmapslebtea,sesdervuepsontothinediccoante tthioen liomf itfeadctnorayturceonodfititohnesdiantathaendeveamlupahtaiosinzesofththeeimdupostrtahnaczearodf. caIrtefoufltenintreerqpureirteas ytheearresfotroe dmemayonhsatrvaete litthtele hvazalaured.ousInnatthuereabosfencceertaoinf ddeufsitnsi,teankdnoiwmlmedegdei,atetheressualftes coTurhsee disusttoy cpornosciedsesresallendcuosutnstedraendgeinrouinsduunsttrily pdriofvfeerd winindoelcyenat.nd exhibit a consid eforarbltehevacroinattrioonl oinf tthhee rdeussttr.ict'iNonos spinlagcleed mue|>tohnodthoef dceosingtnrolancdanopbeerautinoinveorsfaldleyviacpes opflietdhe; odnustthyetrcaodnetsraarnydathneumchboeireeofofmmetehtohdosdshamvuestbebeen bdaesveedlouppeodntoa mtheoertoutghhe nsteueddys otuftioloncaol fcaonndoitnio-nhsazarTdohues cpormocmeossn, m(2e)thoisdoslamtioany otef hliaszteadrdoauss foplrloocwesss:, ((31)) gseunbesrtail veTnthileatisoilni,co(s4is) hcaoznatrrdol hoafs dbuesetnatrepdouicnetdofinoarigninu.mber of industries by substituting dfourst.theIndusthtye pgrroacneistse oinneduwsthryichthies dsuursfta-fcrieneg omr awchhiinceh, parohdeuacveys adursetlaptirvoedlyucihnagrmtloeosls, hTahsesbeeeanrerewpleatcepdrot.o.esssoems eanedxtehnatvebyrethduecegdantghesawdusatndcotnhceenatrrtaitfiiocniasl aasbsroacsiiavteedwhweiethl tghreindsiunrgfacainndg pooflisthhiengstjoonbes, ttoheasafnigdusrtoeneweHllhebelesowhavtehebeheyngireenpilcacesdafebylimaritti.ficiIanl abrasive wheels containing little or no free silica and though dust is still produced. Industrial Health Section 63 gtxripnodsexrra atnod Ipto4lisohaersn.otAhnaodthetor etxhaemhpilgehoftutbheirscumloeuthsodraitse thfoermauebrltyeitufotiuonnd oafmsotenegl ssahtoistfaacntdoroythreersulitlsk, athfereefoauhnedmrayteessanfdormsuasntd bfeat rtehme obvleadstifnrgonotf thcaestcinagstsi.ngsTobegfoivree MaTshtiinsgmoetthheordwoisfeciotnitsrobl rioskdenecid9edalyndlimsciatettderiend aapsplsiiclaidtioounssidnucset it usually involves ftauknednaminenstaulbscthitauntginegs ftahtethseo-cmaallneudfahcatrumrilnegsspdroucsets,s.to Mmaokreeovseurr,e gtrheaatt acanreewmhuasstarbde is Intoitsrpepolsascibinlegttoheisoolldateonteh.e dusty process in many cases. This may consist merely tfahterceobnyfinriendguctihneg htahzearnduomusbesrtaogfesmeonf mexapnousfeadcttuorethtoe dausstep(aarnadte thbeusiledimngenormaroyombe, penroctloecsetedd sbpaycem. asCkosm),ploerteitisomlaatyionmeoafn sacnodmbpllaestteingisoolapteiroantiofnosr wthiethiwn oarkecrasbininet ains nsloigwhtconmegmaotinveprparcetsiscue.re, Easncdapbeyomf edaunsst oisf psureitvaebnletedcobnytroklesepainndg wthinedocawbsi,netht eunodpeerraa trieoqnusirimngaynboe ddirierecctteodpefrraotmion,themaoyutsbiede.empFlooyreds,omaelthporuogchesstehse aeunttormanacteic abnldasteinxgit, loofckdsusftoratthtehemseatpeoriinalts.must be carefully maintained in order to prevent the escape ofIngeanefreawl viennsttailnactieosnofmgaeyneprraolvizeedsadtiussftacptororyducatsioan tmheroanusghoofutduthset cfoacnttororyl., thUendueser rseudcuhcecotnhdeitidounsst, ctohneceinnttrraotidounctiboyn siomf plleargdeilutqiuoann. titTiehsisofmedtuhostd-frieseusaeidr isnervceerstaitno dmuisnti.ngInopgeernateiroanls,,italisnovoflovresptuhrepoisnesstalolaftiroenmoovf ilnagrgheeafatnasnadndtoxisicexgpaesnessivaes toweollpears aotfe.heIantincgo.ld cGliemnaetreasl ivtebneticloamtioens psrhoohuiblditivbee olwooinkgedtoutphoen garseatanincardejausnectin ttoheotchoesrt meEthffoedcstivoef ccoonnttrrooll, orfatthheer dthuastn aatnthinedeppoeinntdeonft gmeentehroadti.on prevents it from reaching tthhee dburesat thhianzgardz.oneItomf atyhebewoefrfkeecrtedanbdy htehneceusoeffoefrswaateprosoitrivoethmerealniqsuiodfs rfeodruccianpg turing the dust, or by means of local exhaust ventilation. exTtehnesivuesley oinf wcoantenrecftoiornlawyiitnhggdriunsdtinisg awnheoeldls manedthoisd coofmcmoonntrloyl.emIptlohyaesd bineemn iunsinedg asonmd etuonfnethl eoppearrattiicolenss ainrethcearrfioerdm oofff wimemt eddriialltienlyg banydthweatsetrreasmprayosf. wIanteropwerhaetrieoans, osuthspeersndaedreinthwroawtenrvdinrotopletthseanadir thweirtehfortheesewttaleteorutsprraapyi.dly.ThTehilasttmere,thhoodwoefvecro,ntarorel duonedsounbotet dallywareydsugceivse tthhee dhuigsth cdoengcreenetroaftiopnrotbeucttioinnvreesqtiugiaretido.ns Ithsaveefficsiheonwcyn dtehpaetndist pthreimfairnielypuaprtoicnletshearceomsuplreroteunnedssedwbityh ewnvheiclohpethseofpargtaicsleasndaremawyet.passTnthsroomueghcatshees lmiqauyidrsemwaitihnousutspcoenmdiendg iinn tchoentaatcmtowspihthereit. aftOerthethrse, wesactaeprindgrowplietths thhaeveweavtearposrparteady., aTnhde owtheetrtinligquiedfsfi.ciency has been increased in some cases through the use of oils plaLcoecdalcloexsehatuostthveenptoilianttioonf cgoennseirsatstioinn. reTmhoisvinmgetthhoed doufstcotnhtrrooulghis awisdueclytiounsehdooidn oinrduwshtreyn aint disisatmtaocshtedeffteoctiavemwovhienng atpopolli,edthutos akesetpaitniognaitryatduastfipxreoddudciisntagncmeacfhroinme tShteateps o hinatv e o f i ndcuosr pt ooraritge id n . s p It ec s if i ge cat nera ions ! f ap or plica the tion des i ha gn s o been f loc a l r ec e og xh n a ized ust s and yste m most s in tshtreaitredintdhuasttrmiaalncyodseyss.temSsurdvoeynsotinhavceerttahien rienqduuirsetrdiaelffpicliaenntcsy, hofowdeuvsterr,emhaovveal.demTohnis 64 Twenty-first Congress--National Safety Council chaonodbseaantdtrifbauiltuerde, tino mprooavtidceusnu,ffitcoienimt parnodpeprrodpeesrigndisatnridbultoiocnatioofn aoifr tfhloeurcotlhleroctuinggh: tmheamint.enaInnces.ome plants the systems have been rendered selos through lade of unTdhere wdehsiicghn tohfeylocoaplereaxtheauvsatryhogordesatilsy cformomplicoanteed pbryocethsse ftoactanthoathterth. e Tcohnedibtiaosnks porfindceispiglen oefxisotpewrahtiicohn,shhoouwldevtevr,forlelomwaeinds inthaelt scaamsees.and certain fundamental rules byThveirtudeustofpatrhteicilresmtahsrsowanndofvfelaotcittyh.e pTohinet foufncgteionneraotfionthepoessxehsasusktinehtoiocdenisergtyo ivnetlroocdituycewhinictoh othveercaormeaes otfheduenstergpyrodoufctthioenpaarticcoleusntearndfodrrcaewsinthtehme ifnotromthoef caoilr lseincctiengit sdyespteemnd. s Tuphoen atihre vseizloec,itsyharpeequainredd dveanrsiietys owfiththethpearntiactluerse aonfd tthheeirprospceeesds ofTtrhaivsefl.unction is common to all exhaust hoods and the object of their design is to csuremaptetiotnh,e bruetquaitredtheairsamveeloctiimtye wwitihthoautmoibnismcuurmingtootarl oatihrerfwloiswe ainntderfpeorwinegr wcoitnh the1.maEnnucflaocseturtihneg pprroocceessss. aTsofathr isasenpdosfsoibulre.rulPersoopferdlyesilgoncatmedayhboeusfinogrms uolartebda:ffles troequinirteerdcefpotr ththeeiprarctoicllleecstiorned. ucEe ntchloeisringenethrgey,praoncdessheanlcseo dreecdruecaesse tthhee aarieraveolfoctihtye hTohoed uospeenoifnghoaunsdingfosr aandgibvaefnflesraties olifmiatierd ftloowprioncceressaessesththaet dvoeloncoittyreaqtuitrhee cflaocsee. aistteantgiooondaenxdammpalneipouflaatiocno.mpTlehtee eKnecllloesyuretr.ap employed with pneumatic rock drills the2. duLsotcaisteththroewhnooodffopinenaingweinll tdheefinpeadthdoirfectthioen,duasntdstbreyampr.opIenr lmocaantyioninsotafncthees hthoeodcotlhleecteinngergsyysteomf .theThpiasrtiiscleesspeccainallbyeimmpaodertatnot cinartrhye mcaasneyooffhitghhemspedeirdecgtrliyndiinntgo owrhemelosr,efoar meixnaumtep.le, which throw the dust particles off at velocities of 10,000 feet air3.velLooccitaytedetchreeahsoeosdraapsidclylosweiltyh adsistpaonscseiblferomto tthhee oppoeinnitngo,f adnudsthegnecnee, rtahteiond.istaTnhcee tporotdhueceduthset sroeuqrucieredhaasiranveilmocpitoyrtaantt tbhiesaripnoginto.n Ithne thraetecaosfe aoifr aflofwourn-einccehssarroyuntdo oppoeinntingsi,x foinrcheexsamopulte,isthteenratitme eosf gfrloewaterreqthuairnedthtaot dreevqeuliorepd aingitvheen svaemloecitvyeloactitya ttwheo riantceheosf dfreocmreatshee offacvee.locIittyiswiimthpodritsatanntcteo isnolteessinfatrhitshecolanrngeecrtioonp,enhionwgse.verM, tohraet oofveur,sinthge adsisltarrigbuetiaonn oopfenflionwg aiss mpoosrseibulen.iform. These facts point to the desirability pro4.ducCtihoonoseanda haoomdi hanvuimng falowuniffroormm thveelodcuitsyt-fdrieretribourtisoon-caolvleedr tihneeffaercetiave ifardeuasst. tThoe tahriesaenodf, dtuhset spizreodauncdtiosnh.apeFoorf ethxeamhpoloed, oshnoeulodpebneindgetoefrmminoedderbayte thsiezeexmteanyt hoef psarotidsfuacctitoonry, thfoer haugecron0c|e>netnriantgedorduesvtensoounrecer,echtuant gufo'arr ainn sehxatpeensiwveouladregaiveof bedtutesrt risesiumltps.rov,eMdsoa.ndhvthpelarcaitneg oaf flange around flow ncv'C'sarV the hood to crea, the efficiency of a given velocity the air at this flow lion t is Odewcirnegasetod.the great variety of conditions under which exhaust hoods arc employed, citatiisoni.mpOosnsibthlee tcoonftorramryu,laeteveray spetrobntlemridemsusotf hdeesisgonlvewdhiicuhdcpareenducnntilvversaIln m appl spile oi their limited applications, however, the foregoing rules sgrve in emphasize toe need Industrial Health Section 65 fthoer impcoarrteafnuclesotufdtyheoafertohdeyncahmariacctcehraisrtaicctseroisfticospeorfataionnsexohfautshtehodoudstyin pdreotceermssinainngd oitfs oepffeircaietinocny.asTthheeybaaslsiso osfudgegseisgtn.the impossibility of employing any single measure staStitcatperceossduersecaomt mthoenlhyoosdpetchifryoaetx. haIunstsohmooedcraesqeusiraemsienngtlse invatleuremhsaosfbteheen naedgoapttievde fvoarriaatlilodnusinty tphreocseuscsteisonanrdeqaunireemxaemntisn.atiIonn soofmeexisctaisnegs ctohdeesdiraemveeatelsr aofcothnseidtehrarobalet is Tahlseo uspseeciofifedt.his index arises from the fact that it constitutes an approximate tmheeaasurerea ooff tthhee trhartoeatoafnadirthfeloswhaipnetoanthdesihzoeodo.f thTehihsooids tarruee,alhsoowsepveecirf,ieodn. ly when theTheeffiicniecnlucsyioonf oafntheexsheafuascttohrosodin itshenostpeaciffiucantciotinosn, hoofwtehveerr,atise nooft aeinrouflgohw,sinbcnet rmaitnheedr obfy ththeeainravtuerloeciotyf atht ethepropcoeinsst oafnddustthegedneesraigtinona, nadndlotchaistioinn toimf ethies dheotoedr. dFeuprethndersmuoproen, tthhee rsahtaepeofaanidr sfilzoewonfectheessahroyodtoadnedveitlsopditshteanrceequfirroemd athire vdeulsotcistyouarclseo. effTichieunscythoef satanticexshuacutisotnhaotodthaendthrhoaast bnoearpslalciettleinrelleagtaiolnsptoecitfhiceatdiounsst. coOllenctitnhge citosenltfr.aryI,ndthuestroinally csoadteissfaschtoouryld inthdeerxefoofreopbeerawtiorintteisn tihne teefrfmicisenocfy poefrmduissstibrleemdovuastl cfaocntcoerny.tratiIonnsthaisndcoanpnperoctviaoln mitusmt ubset bbaeseedmupphoansizaecdtuathladt uvstisudaelterimnsipneactitoionns iisn nthoet emniolluiognh spianrcteiclwesithpethrecourbdicinafroyotcoonfdiatiiornscaonfnoiltlubmeindaetitoenc,tecdonbcyentthraetioenyebealloowne.50-6In0 geSneartaislf,accotonrcyendtiaattaiounpsoonf tthheisdmesaiggnnitoufdeexahreauwstelhloaobdosvecatnhebehysgeiceunriecdsaofnelylimthirto. ugh euxrepmereinmtsenotafl dinuvstesctioglaleticotninganedffiecxiepnecryienacned, ccoamrebfuinlelyd ewxietchutaecdtuainlveqsutaignatittiaotnivseofmethasis source must replace the present uncertain methods of design. Methods of PrDotuescttiInnghatlhaetioWnorker Against * By PH ILIP DRINKER Associate Professor, IndustrialBHosytgoine,neM, aHssa.rvard School of Public Health, conTcheernseidlicwosiitsh pirnodbulestmrialinhtyhgisienceouanntdry siasfentyot maeapslueraessa.nt Psapiencftuaclleasfotrhethocusereofpiauys ehme.pliot yeceosnsaisntds r0o1uttiwneo epxearmfeicntalytiodnesfionfiteallstepperss:ontsalexpmoesdeidcalto edxaanmgienraotuiosnsduosft cnoenw caerentrcaotniosnidse;readndto(bb)e rseadfuectliiomnitso.f dust concentrations breathed by workers to what meIntt,dupsrotitneecstsivecandevbiecesconsutrcohlleads breyspliorcaatol rsexhoarusptosfitainvse apnrdessduurset hceollmleecttsinghaveqeuinpo pllsaacned eoxrcesptteela*s belmasetirngge,ncpyainetquaipnmd eennt.ameHl oswpervayeirn, g.ma[>noyrcepiarioncesmseasnuflaikceturea,brastsoivnee cduutsttinfgr,eesanfodr gsroinmdeingy,eaarnsd ttohecolimkee,. wiIlnl nwoot,rkin oafllthpirsobtaybpieli,tyr,esVpieirmataodres raenadsonoathbelyr tphroorteocutgivhely dwevhiactescanhabvee eaxnpecimtedpoortfanptrotpelcatcive.e dTevhiecess,afaentdy amboavne sahllo,uslhdouuldndbeerstaaindde to check and observe whether the workmen are getting the protection they require. 66 Twenty-first Congress--Notionol Safety Council indOunsetryseebecoacucsaesitohneayllyfilsttearteomuetntosnltyo ltahregeeffpeacrtticthleast arnesdpilreattoprsawhetrhee nsompallal coeneins ndruhskt hcaatrcehianlgwaeyffsictihenecymoorfe sheavrmeraful l.maAkegsainosft rthesispiirsatothres ienxdciespedustab9l0e fpaecrt tcheantt tohne osiflicdausdtupstarwticitlhespeanrttiecrliensgleasnsdthleaanvi2ngmriecrsopnirsa.torAs schaorewfusl amselaigsuhrtembuent t uonfimthpoertsainzet rperdouocftitohnat inweallvebruagilet rseiszpeiroaftordsieredmuosvt epdarutsictleiss.theBumticbryoscfoapricdieexammoinstatcioonnvoinfctinhge annadsalofdioscnheawrgheoandodesspnuotutm of a man who wears a respirator in a dusty atmosphere, tioRnseqfuoirrermesepnirtsatoforsr Rhaevsepibraeteonrsf.orUmpulatotedthebyprtehseentButirmeaeuouorf oMnliyneUs.. SR. essppeicraiftiocras swuhbimchittiesd tthoe thdeiriercPt irttessbuultrgohf EthxepierripmioenneteSr tawtiaorn waorerkteisntedgaasccmoradsiknsg. toThaescBhuerdeualue aretqlueiarests 5f0orpeorppcreonvtaflilttheraitnga egffaicsiemncayskagcaainnissttetroba(wcchoicshmoinkcel,udmeseasruersepdiraattor8s5) lhitaevres apnedr mthiantutteh,eafnidltear srheaslilstannoctepolulgarlleatdimilyesaonfd ltehsesretbhyanmfaokuer tihnechberseaotfhiwngatreersigstaaungcee, apdroehqiubaitteivep.roteTchtieoyn rteoqumireen aplesrofoarm"inmganligthetst"woirnk winhicahn athtme orsepshpeirreatocorntsahianlilnggiavne irrespirable suspension (not silica) of definite concentration. thaAt tphaepseer sbpyecKifiactazt.ioSnsmiatrhe, ainnaddeMqueaittecr foorf trheespBirautroerasu ionf dMaiilnyesu,sehaisn minadduestirty.cleaAr rseusbijsetcatncseucohf faosurthienchseosldaietr 85in liwtearsr ptiemr emoinrutteheis rteosocuhel?shqufaodrs anoyf bouutr tmheinetrsainaendd pwuebrleiceunttiilrietliyes.praKctaitczalshtoowmedantuhfaatctruersepiarnatdortso wuisteh. high efficiency and low resistance theThsemoBkuinreesasu odfetaeirrmeinnetesritnogbaacncod lsemavokineg etfhfieciefnilctieers obfytheestirmesaptiinragtopr.hotTomheetraicctaullayl dsiemnsiliatyr pohrotocomnecterinctraptrioocnedoufre,thtehe sfmilotekrecapnarbtiecletessteind faoirr siislicanodt usetstiemffiactieedn.cy. ByThea tFeostr itsohraacpciod samndokereatseostnianbgl,y thacecumraetteh--odhewncoer,ksitsniacpeplyealbutto ftohre dlaubstosraittoryis wnootr,keirn. tnhaerilwy rmiteetr'swiotphininiond,usstaytiisnfdacutsotrriye.s isAesdsuesnttiaclontocetnhteratteiosnt, afanrd huinglehsesr stpheacnialthmaetasourrdeis are used, the actual concentration is unknown. F1.or Dseofmineitetilmye,knthowerne hcaovnecebneterantiousnesd oifn ftihnieslylagbrooruantodrysitlhicea fo(llleosws inthgantes2t mmeictrhoondss): wt uibthicinfotohte acrocncdernawtrantiothnroluimghitsthoef reapsppirroaxtoimr aatetly2K5.30 littoer*-20p0ermmilliinounte,patrhteicleefsflupeenrt aanirotphaesrsesdamthprloe,ugthakeanstaatndthaerdsaimmpeintigmere,, aonfdththeeuinmfipltienrgeedr asiarm. plCe ocmopmapriasroends aogfainthset otwr ophsoatmompleetsryc.anTihe lmasatdemebnytiotnheed sitsanmduarcdh tdhuestquciocuknetsitngandmeitshosudffibcyienttulyrbiadcicmueratrtye ofofraatllleparsatc9ti0caplepr ucrepnots.es. A ten to twenty minute dusting should give an efficiency lim2.estoFnine"elyorgrooiunmdagcanlecsiiuumm coaxrbidoenastemo(kleess(ltehsasn t2hamnic1romnsi)croinn)thefrofmormbuorfne"dwhmitiangg ndeusrieusmberiinbgbonquiccaknerbeanddetmeromreineadcceuirtahteer thchaenmtihcaellyrooomr ipnhgotmomethetordic.allyA, 9b0othperprocecnet mpeirnicmuubmic emffeicteier.ncy is required, the test concentration varying from 25 to 150 mgs. of3t.obBacycobusrmnionkge yiselloobwtaipnheods.phAorofuislt,era wwheitchwhshitoewssus5p0enpseiornceonft aebfofiuctienthcey taegxatiunrset this substance usually exceeds 90 per cent against fine silica. Estimations can best Industriai Health Section 67 bdee4te.mrmaSdimneionekgiethchemeramdbieyc almlyi by nthee bur tqwuoa ning nitmitypinogfesrm* oikne various kinds sceorlileescteodr. of pipe by toba ele cco ct a ric re p a recip little i tator easie a r nd to cBaytcdhrythinagn tthhoerosumgohklye ofordrmineadrybpyipbeutronbinacgcothaendspuecsiinalg mchiexmtuircealluyseddriebdy atihre, aBsumreoakue. a50ppproexr imceantitngefftihcaietnucysedagbayintshte sBmuorkeeaufriosmappdarireedntltyoboabctcaoinewdi.ll Agefnieltrearllywheixchceeshdow90s pe5r. ceRnetsaisgtaainncset taoll adiurfsltosw. , by the Bureau's set-up, should not exceed 0.3 inches tboefboeremsaildiecaatdu8s5tinligters(itpeemr m1)inuntoe,r u0s.i4nginacnheisncalifnteerd dmuasntionmg,etebrotahndressuisittaanbclee ftleoswts meAterm. or(eTheexaBctuinregauresnioswtanpceermteistst aisnyobrteasiinsetadncbey ledsrsawthinagn fthoruoruginhchkens.o)wn amounts of6m. agFnoers.iuthme omxiadne tfeusmt,e awhsimchallhahsolaen iesxtprauonrcdhiendarythrtoeungdehncdyietofapcleugpifeilcteerso.f the orersptoiraatnor ealnecdtraicsmpraellcibpoitraet,ord.ustAfremeantu,beweisarcinognnethcetedretsopiarastpoerc, iaplertyfopremosf mimopdienrgaeter wthoer'kresinpiraantoartmisosspahmepreledoffokrnodwunstindeussstinaetssa asntdeadayir kfnroomwnwriathtein otfheabfoaucte 1p5ieclieteorsf 2permmilliinonutepaorrticlleesss. peTr hceubdiucstfinoeosts oorf htahvee saamn pelefficthieunscycoolfleclteesds sthhaonuld90nopterexcceenetd, awbhoiucthe1v5erlirtaetrisngpeirs mthienumteo, rein eoxradcetirngn.ot Ttohe instaemrfpelriengwriathte,thien nthaitsuracalser,esmpiurasttorbye edfifaomrtesteorf otfheabsouubtjec1t.6. mIfilliitmiestedressi(riendstteoadsaomfpltehebystaimndpainrdger2,.3a mtuilbleimwetiethrs)a snhoozuzllde he used, with which instruments a rate of 15 liters per minute is suggested. shoRwenqutihraetmpeonstistivfoer pSreasnsdubrelasstanHdbellamsteths.elmWetisnscloanw,beGrteeestnebdurwg,hilaendactRueaellvyesinhauvsee abnydthBelosoamndfibellads,tesro. thAant ainmypornoevefmamenitliaorf wthiethir ttheechsntiacndliaarsd biemenpinmgaedreobuytfitGrceaennbpuerrg pforramcticthale snaencdebslsaasrty ctoensdtsi.tionAsllanaddmniott thinatthseanldabbloarsattohreyl.mets should be tested under theA hheollmeeits msaamdpeleidn tbhye htheelmestt,anadasruditabimlepirnugbebre,r attube1 ccounbniecctfeodo,tanad mthienuateir, wfoitrhina rseaansdobnlaabstliengpethriroodu--ghporeuftertahbelypearitodleoafst satmwepnlitnyg. miTnhuetesd. ustTinheess stuhbujsectfousnhdouslhdoublde boer tlheesscothnadnitiotwn oofmthilelioonbjepcatrsticbleeisngpberlasctuedb.ic Afosota, creognatrrodll,esist iosfadthveisaabblerastoivesamuspelde the compressed air supplied to the helmet in case the air supply is itself also dusty. witRheaquciornemveennietnst fsoorurPceainoft cSopmrapyresMseadskasir. atAshanpda,initt issprnaaytiunrgal itshactarmriaesdksosuutppolnielyd mwoitvhespaobsoituivtebuptrelsitstulereansdhoiusldnobtegruesaetdly. inIc.ioknevetnhieencseadndbbylaastelri,ghttheair-plaininet asttpafcahveedr tmoashkis sbhaocukldorbeclsoatmhipnlge.d aWndhiltehespprraoytiencgtiounndaefrfoprdraecdticbayl tchoendmitiaosnks, raatierdwiinthitnermhiss ooff tphreotceoctnicoenntarsatiaofnforindseiddebythethfeacseanpdiebclea.st Thehlemedte.vice should give the same measure inTmheodmifiacnautifoancsturaenrd oifmpprrootveecmtiveentseqhuaipvminegnttoshoduoldwbiteh aallpopweeadranaclel , poosbssitbrluectiloicnenstoe vision, desired cHomis foprrto, druucgt get odnbeses caenrdtifiperdacatiscatboiliittys of his equipment. perform ance und If the manufacturer er the conditions for ewqhuiaclhly hdeesdireosuigsneodf kannodwibnugilttheit,pethrfeorpmraonspceectdivatea. purchaser and safety engineer is In view of the past work of the Bureau of Mines, the unquestioned integrity of (SB Trvenly-first Congress--National Safety Council aitt* Ppiettrssbonunrgelh asnedemthteheulnoigfoicrmal phliagche cfoalribseurchofceitrstifiwcaotriko,n tthoe bBeudreoanue'.s lTabhoeramtoartmiesfmacattitaerrerhoowf prirgooteroctuivs,e aenqduiepxmpeenctts wtoelcpoamyesthedetfeinsittiengspbeicllifiwcahtieothnesr hheisceaqnuimpmeeetn,t nios pthaisssetdypoer orfejewcoterdk. wNithoouptrivcahtaergtiensgtintghelamboarnautofaryctuwreorulad bfeee eaxdpeeqcuteadtetoto ugnidveertathkee lwaboorkr,athoarvye abereenasmonoadbelset, pburot ftiht e TfuhnedsBruerveearute'sd fteoesthien Uth. eS.paTsrte, afsourry,thaisndtynpoet toof tbhee pBlaucreedauu'psolnabdoireatoBruyr.eauU,niltessshoaunldabbseurpderamndittewdhtoollydounsnueccheswsaoryrk hoanrdashicposits, otor -as-you-go, basis. General Discussion lenCghthayirmanand sGprierietnebdu. rgThafistermadyelibveerysumofmtahriezepdapaesrsfoilnlovwitesd: discussion, which was meDthro. dH.ofK.obPsaenrvcoinagst,cPhahnilgaedselpinhiat,hepoilnutnegds ouant dthaatlsowhfiloer Xd-ertaeyrmpirneasteionnts othfe thbeesirt iEnxcappearct iteyv,idmenocset eisxavmeirnyatiimonpsoratarentniont mthaokroinuggha. dTiahginsospiosinatndis gfrreaqduinegntliyncoavpearcliotoyk. ed. theThpehypsoicinatl mstaadtues boyf Demr.plRouyesseesll,exopfostehde taod.vsisilaibcailithyazoafrdssp,ecwiaals baolasordsemtophdaseicziedde bIny tDhirs. cWon. nJe.ctiMoncCCoonmnemll.issMioenterropRo.litGan. KLnifuetsIonns,urWaniscceonCsoinmpInandyu,strNiaelwCYomormkisCsiiotny,. aspmoeknedmofentthse tdoifftihcueltioecscuepxapteiorineanlceddisienasheanladwlinsg incomvapreinosuastiosntatceassesfo. r Hthee scuogmgepslteetde craotvheerragtehaonf boycccuopmatmioonnalladwis.easTesh,e scoonthflaicttcolafimtessticmanonbye bdyecsiod-ecdallbeyd thexepceortms maipspsieoanrs ihnags bbeefeonrentehceescsoamrilmyiswsiiotnhsheilsd soumnteiltimaeftserreamnarakuatbolpe.sy.In Josohmne Rcoasaecsh,a DfienpaultydecCisoimon mtoisbseionpearidobfyLtahbeorS.taNteewwhJoesreseoyp,inaiodnvoicnatecdomtpheensaaptipooninctmaseenst sohfouald Mbeedfiicnaall. Board theThceorme pisenasagtiroenat cdoifmfemreisnscieonosf dopififneiro,ntahbeoudtotchtoesrse cdaisfefes,r,saainddChonairmthaen oGthreerenbbaunrgd,; tihnedusfturtiuarlies.ts Chaovmepennostatbieoenn Baloearrtdsto itnhethseitupaatsiot nh: abvuet btheeeny csaonmedwohaat garerbatitrdaerayl iinn tshheoiurlddehceisimonasd.e uSpomoef atimlaewyagero, Ia spuhgygsiecsitaend sipnecCiaolinsnt,ecatincdutanthaetngtihneeecr;ombmutisstihoins sugAgseksetdiontodoidutlninoet mhoewet swiliitchosvisercyasmesucahrefahvaonrd.led in Canada, Dr. J. G. Cunningham, aTnodronthteoy. fOunrtthareiro,desfainide: theOuinrdulsatwrises daenfidneoctchuepatteiormnss afsfielicctoesdi,s bauntd thteuyberrceufelorsitso, mtointhineg seilsipceocsiiasllbyo. ardT.heWcahscejsi tchoemeclafirmomisthreeceinivdeidv,idtuhael hpohayrsdicieaxnasmainndes atrhce rreefceorrredds aifndso.thteheclcaliamimanatnst, itso pseeresoinfaltlhye rreefgerurleadtiotncs thoef esixlpicoossuisrebhoaavred; bteweon ocor mthprlieeed owf itthhe; mmeemmbbeerrss oef thmeinbeoathrde. caTshee pcelrasiomnalisly,theanncretfheernredeabchackcatsoe tihse dceocmidpeednsbaytioanll htoharrede. nuTmwbepr ootfhesrtonpeoincutstteorfs iwntiethres1t5oycecaurrs teoxpnoes.urheetosaliidmefsutrotnhee,r:cofnirtsatc,tinwge thuabveercuhlaodsisa, hstuotnein: isveecroyndc,asien tahne oecxcteunpsaitvioenaelxahmisitnoarytiosnhoowfedwothrkaet rstheeyxpporseevdioutoslysihliacda cduutstsaanndd asillkicaolisnise, pbofwdienrs,ourrepeoxrptseriiennctehean'iteexraatmurineatihoanveofshtowwon stmheallragpriodupdsevweliothpmseinmtilaorf etoxpcoosaulrdeuhstasalssohohwans noontlyyeat bsmeeanllsuafmfiociuenntt'sofrefailbizroesdi.s The importance of exposure Industrial Health Section 69 poDinrt. mJ.adPe. bLyeaPl,roUfe.ssSo.rPDubrliinckeHrecaoltnhceSrnerinvgicet.heWuassehinogftomna, sDks., Cth.,atemthpehamsisineidmtuhme pmraedsesuares ntoecweshsaatrythtios oisp,earantde tshuacth waemsahsokulsdhobueldsubree uthseadt,ptuhlamt oanadreyciesxiocnursshioonulddobees nvoent tiolapteiorant.e against appreciable pressure and against proper and continuous lung proItteicst iwmoprokretarsntintosfiixntdy soormesevweonrtkyabdlieffeprreontetctiinvdeusdteriveisce,wshaeirde Mthre. Rexopaochsu, rtehaetxiwstisll. Iint tishepovsasriiboluesthinadtuisntrileasbowraotrokreierss aarewefollunmdadwehoaphpaavraetusshawrpillanwdorikrrefgaiurllayr wfeeallt,urbeust, awnodrkmerasnwy itthimreosunad,msamskootohr fereastuprieras.torThweillprnootetctwivoerkdeovnicethtehsues fbaecceosmaess aonmeonthaceer arantdhewritlhl apnraopheerllpy. sWtraeinaroeuatlsthoevperayrtimcluecs.h concerned whether the filter is satisfactory haIvtehhaasdbesielnicomseisn.tioWneed,msauisdt Drerm. eRmubsseerllt,htahtagt rsaonmitee lwimoerskteornseaanndd ostahnedrsstohnaevewoshrkoewrns twhoerkperressebnecseideofcusitltiecrossihs,avaelthsohuogwhn tthheeyphreasveencneoot fbseielnicodsiisr,ecatllly oefxpthoesseed,caasneds boethinegr dcausee toof paremviaonuswoitchcuspilaitcioosniasl aenxdpotusubreercuinlovsoilsv,inhgis sjiolibcahhaavzinagrdsb.eenRelocaednitnlyg wcoealha(dnoat ayeraerasloslidl,ichoasiss tuebxeprocsuulores)is,, bauntdptrherveieouosflyhibsefihvaedchbielednrena agloslod gmivienepr.ositHivee itsubneorwcul5in0 rtreaancstimonisss,ibwleh.ich is against the usual conception that tuberculosis from silicosis is. proPtreocfteiosnsorifDnroinkoethresraiadp:paIrahtuasveisbeaevnaialaskbeled. wMheythearnsIwceornsisidethraat rietspwiroautlodr naotgoboed. rIenduacehitghhe acmonocuennttroaftiodnustofbrdeuastht,edif. thBeutreaspreirsaptiorratoisr fiusnncotitonreinagllyparonpeeriglyh,t-hitoushr odualdy ampapnaraistusn.ot Inobolitgheedr ptorocwesesaers,hhisowreevsperi,rawtohrerceonthtienuwoourskly,isitintsehromuiltdtenftunacntidona wasorakn efficient protective apparatus. W ED N ESD A Y M O R N IN G SESSIO N O ctober 5, 1932 For the recowridthofthLe.isChjoeimnticaaelssSieocntioonf ,dseeleegpataegseo1f 6t6heofIntdhuisstvrioallumHee.alth Section W ED N ESD A Y A FTER N O O N SESSIO N O ctober 5, 1932 CNhoamirimnaatningGrCeoemnbmuritgte, eonandtheoffoicpeernsinwgeroef cthhoissenseasssiofno,llocwalsle:d fur the report of the FI'oicre-CChhaaiirrmmaant,t, DDrr.. RW. .GR. .LeRieadndde,nA. mAmereicraicnanMRedeidcaCl rAossss,ocNiaetwionYoCrkhicCagitoy. SCehcariermtaarny, GDrre.enCb. uOrg. tShaepnpiinngtrtoodnu, cCedhicthageo.first speaker.