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HEATING VENTILATING AIR CONDITIONING GUIDE 1940
Concentration
Pound Mold (42.4 lb) LiCl peb
1Q00 lb Water
Table 8. 0
Density of Lithium Chloride Solutions
Temperature Deo F
50 100 ` 150 200 250
0 2 4
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
1.090 1.124
1.156 1 188 1 217 1 242
1.043
1.085
1.119 1.150
1.181 1.209 1.235 1 257
1 279
1.037 1.076
1.111 1.143 1.172 1.199 1.225
1.248 1.270
1 291
1.026 1.064 1.100 1.132 1.162 1.188 1.214
1.236 1.259 1.280 1.310 1.317
1.012 1.052 1.087 1.122 1.152
1.178 1.203 1.226 1.248 1.279 1.289 1.307 1.313
1.338
1.142
1.168 1.192
1.2l5 1.237 1.568 1.278 1.296 1.312 1.327 1.34
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300
1.267 1.286 1.302 1.318 1.33 1.35
a finely divided spray of the brine but more generally by passing the air over a metal surface coil where the liquid absorbent presents a large surface to the air stream. The difference in vapor pressure causes some of the vapor in the air-vapor mixture to migrate into the brine. Here it
condenses into liquid water and decreases the concentration of the absor bent. In order that the process be continuous means must be provided
for counteracting the diluting effect of the extracted moisture and also for maintaining the temperature of the brine sufficiently low to hold the
desired vapor pressure. As the water vapor is added to the absorbent and condenses, it gives up
its latent heat of condensation which tends to raise the temperature of
Table 9. Viscosity of Lithium Chloride Solutions (millipoise)
CONCENTRATION IN POUND MOW (42.4 LB) PER 1000 LB WATER
Temp.
Deo F 02468
10
12
14
16
18 : 20 22 24
0 20 40 60 80 100
120 140 160 180
200 220
240 260
280 300 320
56.75 72.44 97.05 136.8 28.91 37.07 47.42 63.09 84.94 15.45 19.91 25.53 32.58 43.05 58.48 11.02 14.26 18.37 23.55 30.90 41.40 8.61 11.19 14.42 18.62 24.32 32.28 6.82 8.89 11.48 14.94 19-56 25i59 5.60 7.31 9.51 12.30 15.92 20.99 4.70 6.15 8.07 10.42 13.43 17.66 4.01 5.25 6.92 8.93 11.51 15.00 3.48 4.56 6.01 7.78 10.00 12.91 3.05 4.01 5:28 6.86 8.79 11.22 2.72 3.58 4.72 6.14 7.83 9.93 2.43 3.21 4.25 5.50 7.02 8.83 2.19 2.90 3:84 4.94 6.46 7.91 2.00 2.66 3.52 4.51 5.75 7.19 1.86 2.48 3.28 4.17 5.32 6.67 1.74 2.32 3.08 3.89 4.94 6.19
199.5 123.3 178.6 81.10 116.1
56.62 79.80 43.45 60.26 33.96 46.13 27.67 36.64
22.96 30.06 19.36 25.06
16.56 21.28 14.32 18.28
12.59 16.00 11.12 14.09
9.91 12.47 8.97 11.27
8.28 10.38 7.73 9.64
165.6 111.2 82.04 61.52
48.31 38.99 32.14 27.10 23.12 20.14
17.62 15.50
14.00 12.82
11.86
156.3 113.8 84.72
65.77
52.48 42.76 35.48 29.92 25.64
22.18 19.36 17.22 15.70
14:45
118-5
89.95 71.12 95.94
56.89 75.86 46.45 60.67
38.55 50.70
32.96 43.05 28-31 36.98 24.60 31.92
21.78 28.05 19.68 25.12
18.03 22.80
106.2 84.33 67.92 56.49 47.42 40.55 35.56 31.92
29.11
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li
CHAPTER 2. REFRICERANTS AND AIR DRYINC AGENTS
both the absorbent and the moist air stream. For every pound of water absorbed and condensed the heat added to the air stream arid the brine combined is obtainable from steam tables. For instance, at 60 F the amount of this heat is about 1057 Btu. In addition to this heat there is involved also the so-called heat of mixing which is frequently considerable.
' Temperature-Pressure-Concentration Relations
Since the absorption process can continue only as long as there is a difference in vapor pressure between the absorbent and the air-vapor mixture and since at a given temperature of the absorbent the vapor pressure depends on the concentration of the solution, evidently there must be a relation between these quantities which if known would state the limits of the process. The relationship would also depend on the absorbent being used, and would have to be determined for each substance
Table 10. Properties of Lithium Chloride Solutions
Concentration Pound Mots
(42.4 lb) LiCl per 1000 lb Water
Partial Heat
or Mixing at 0 F BT(J per lb
Temperature Cobp. o? Partial Heat or. Mixing BTU per LB PER F
Specific Heat at
70 F
Boiling Point F
(at 760 MM Hg.)
Freezing Point
0
0.0
0.0
0.998 212.0
32
2
2.04
-0.014
0.901 215.8
16.3
4
7.24
-0.036 . 0.831
221.5
-5.8
6
16.7
-0.069
0.778 228.9 -34.2
8
31.9
-0.109
0.739
238.1
-69 ..
10
51.1
-0.143
0.710 248.4 -90
12
75.7
-0.160
0.687 258.8 -40
14
90.8
-0.167
0.666 268.9
1
16 124.8
-0.176
0.647 277.9
36.5
18 145 .
-0.186
0.631 285.8
58.1
20 162
-0.194
0.617 293.2
86.4
22 171
-0.20
0.604 300.2
133
24 177
-0.20
0.59
307
156
26 182
-0.21
0.58
313
180
28 191
-0.21
0.575 318
190
30 194
-0.21
0.57
323
195
32 198
-0.22
0.56
328
280
Substance that First Separates
Out on Freezing
Ice Ice Ice Ice Ice Ice LiCLZH-P LiCl-W-JQ LiCl-2HiO LiCUlHfi LiCl-lW LiCLlhO LiCl-IW LiCi-H-P LiCl-HtO LiCl-HtO LiCl
used as an absorbent. Fig. 2 shows this relationship graphically for lithium chloride. It will be noted that this chart is essentially similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and its direct usefulness is limited by much the same considerations.
In order to permit numerical calculations of air conditioning problems it is desirable to have tables for use instead of a chart like Fig. 2, and Tables 7, 8, 9 and 10 can be used in making calculations for lithium chloride.
Instead of tabulating the vapor pressure of the solution of lithium chloride it is preferable to tabulate the dew-point of air in equilibrium with lithium chloride, since it is easy to interpolate between values of the dew-point and not so easy to interpolate accurately between values of vapor pressure. The values for dew-point may be converted to vapor pressures, relative humidity, and wet-bulb of air in equilibrium by means' of the usual psychrometric chart or formula.
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