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V. 11 THE I HOME PAINTING ' MANUAL N23045 COPYHICMT 923 me $HRWt*-WiLUAHS CO. CLEVELAND. OMtO Ul rtirfilx ri<M*rtl ft-vAM m f .S'. I. THBFOTJB PUBFOSES OP PAINT AND FarPkMcnbtloa.L----------Po^Daeontln--------------------------FotflkvMluc tmoM-------------------Pot SuUUtion....................................... THB HIQ3TD3I;6f PAINT Pr*p(inmjftlirhfce_____________ AppljpWi~ttrcrP>jgt........... ........ ........ " *"**' "j^-Very Old Spongy Sn bed* Previously Pain The KMnlilfcGott Very Important__ How to Prtftctly-MIx Prepared Paint. Prepared Psrnt o. Hand Mixed-.... - Brushes--Tbs Kimi-to Use and How l Some Fainting Don*ts....... ......-......... Hdpfal'Sigge*tioaa__ --.......... ESTIMATING Exterior Estimating.......................... Interior Eatimating................................ Table of Covering Capacities___ ____ INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT IN EXTERI The Prominent Location.-__ -.... -........ The House with Close Neighbors ..... . How Color Influences the Appearance The Small House......... ....... ....... ........... The Large House.................................. The Toll, Narrow House..... ................. . INTERIOR FINISHING--WOODWORK A To Remove Paint or Varnish.--......... Varnishing*............ ............................... To Refinish Woodwork and Furniture Varnished.................... .............. ....... Practical Varnishing Suggestions.----Use of Sandpaper....... ........................... How to Produce a Rubbed Finish.-----The Dull Rubbed Effect--.................A High Poliak........ ............. -................. The Uae of Stains in Interior Finishing Purposes and Use of Paste Filler........... Handcraft S;|rsteni Effects forWoodwork To Euarad Woodwork and Furniture... Floortac Method of Refinishing Woodwi A Painted Finish................ ...................... Panel 1 0007-SWP-000125285 How lo Properly Mix Prepared Painl To secure best results from any good prepared paint, it must be properly mixed. The illustrations below and their ex planations tell how to mix prepared paint properly and in the least time. Shakt the package violently. Stir the pigment and remaining oil I with strong, smooth paddle that is of a shape which mil admit of getting around the edges and bring up all of the pigments Do this until the mass ia smooth and entirely aoiform throughout. tut out the whole top. liegin returning the surplus vehicle little at a time, until all has again been added, stirring con stantly. 3. I'oiir off into an* other package al least two-thirdl or the vehicle that has raised above the pigment. d. Then '`bo*" the paint ; ---thatis, pour itback and forth from one pail to another from I halfa doten to a dozen ] times, each time leav ' ing about oae*quarter of the paint in the pail which is being emptied. If the nbovc method is followed you will be sure not to have thick paint that will peel or thin pain! that will not cover. I P.isv ] Wftai Constitutes th- Prepared Painl s. I The best paint is always esseriti fore, in painting a house, one shoult materials with which it is painted, undoubtedly a high grade prepared manufacturer. There are certain much better than hand-mixed or s- It is only reasonable that a ma and mixes the paint himself cannot' of good prepared paint. It is a c mechanical efficiency; human gues: tific formulae; hand stirring again Good white lead and pure ran good paint, and for years was the b for a long period white lead was pr; ment known. It became a traditior anything else was not even consider To say, however, that straight' is the best, would be to say that tt every other industry but that of changed things. The paint industr vanced and improved. It was re: lead (and oil) was too soft, and alios the oil and oxidize the film, causing chalk and rub off. Effort was r remedy this difficulty. It was about seventy years at paint pigment was discovered by named Le Clare, who used it in bis o results that he was presented with the Legion of Honor for distingu Zinc oxide is whiter than lead an iug capacity because it takes more the oil to the surface. However, it zinc alone dries too hard and qu. cracks and peek. Furthermore, th: objectionable for repainting, maki paint to adhere to it. I r.r. M 1 0007--SWP--041898 0007-SWP id in igmw\ mg oil smooth is of b will getting edges s ell of otil the uniform ning tl** chide h me. until ain been ring co- tit* paint tir it buck irom one .her from in a dozen :iniele*vne-quarter which i* not to will not What Consulates Ihe Best Paint Prepared Paint si. Hand Mixed The best paint is always essential to best results. There fore, in painting a house, one should be most careful as to the materials with which it is painted. The best paint to use is undoubtedly a high grade prepared paint made by a reputable manufacturer. There are certain definite reasons why it is much better than hand-mixed or so-called "lead and oil." It is only reasonable that a man who buys the materials and mixes the paint himself cannot possibly produce the equal of good prepared paint. It is a case of hand work against mechanical efficiency; human guesswork against exact scien tific formulae; hand stirring against machine grinding. Good white lead and pure raw linseed oil make a fairly good paint, and for years was the best punt known. In fact, for a long period white lead was practically the only base pig ment known. It became a tradition of the painter's trade and anything else was not even considered. To say, however, that straight "lead and oil" paint today is the best, would be to say that the world has progressed in every other industry but that of paint making. Time has changed things. The paint industry, like every other, has ad vanced and improved. It was realized that straight white lead (and oil) was too soft, and allowed the hot aun to draw out the oil and oxidize the film, causing the paint to lose its gloss, chalk and rub off. Effort was constantly being made to remedy this difficulty. It was about seventy yean ago that the use of zinc as a paint pigment was discovered by a French master painter, named Le Clare, who used it in bis own work with such superior results that he was presented with a gold medal and Cross of the Legion of Honor for distinguished services rendered. Zinc oxide is whiter than lead and possesses greater spread ing capacity because it takes more oil. and, being hard, holds the oil to the surface. However, it was soon discovered that zinc alone dries too hard and quickly becomes brittle and cracks and peels. Furthermore, that For the same reason it is objectionable far repainting, making it difficult to get new paint to adhere to it. I i! | 0007-SWP-041899 0007-SWP-000125287 I tI I I I I I r & Tim problem then was to Incorporate these two base pigmenu In llm right tcleiilllle proportions so that the softness >( llm limit wniilil lm olfsnl by the hardness of the zinc and vice versa, resulting In a pnlnt linvlng the virtues of both and the iilijerlIons of ni'lllicr, lienco greater body and opacity, better rasa of working anil spreading, more absorption of oil and greater durability, After mooli ezprrlinrnliiig this was accomplished, and Ibis cuniliiiiatiuii in Ilia right proportions bos for some time been recognized generally and highly endorsed by the most repntnhla paint aiillinrlllrs as possessing best paint qualities. However, the method uf iiilzlng is also of utmost importance, Pur Instance, straight rarlxinale of lead (while lead) alone with straight zlna azide does nut give aa high efficiency and as thorough' Incorporation as Is the cate when a certain percent age of the funner is combined in the form of sulphate of lead, tha proportions again being nn essential factor. This is where acrurnlo Inlmralory formulae and accurate measuring of each Ingredient by weight la of Ilia greatest value in producing the best possible paint. Also, llm iimnrier and thoroughness in lib'll these Ingredients are Ini ted together and balanced, are <d iilimisl liiiporlniire and It Is only natural tlmt this can be d**s uiui'li more thoroughly by machinery than by hand. Tha foregoing deals principally with the pigment portion I llm paint, Inti Ihe llipild port Ion (or vehicle) is also of equal Inipnilniii'a. Tha first essential id linseed oil is, of course, to sirr sml suspend llm pigment In such a way that the mass msl lm i-rfei'tly llnld imlll ami during the process of appliisllmi, slier vsIiIs-Ii II has a mill'll more important task to petfniiii, l.lnteed till supplies llm gloss and is the very life d tlm psIuL. It |t llm nil whlt'li Itlls the pores of the wood slid It Is tlm nil whit'll sticks lit and grips tlm surface in a Inugli, tenacious, walerpruuf Him. It must harden and act ss a hinder to hold tlm pigment Intact on tha surface, yet be lnstln amt wrallier-rrslillng. l'or these reasons it is neces sary that the liest linseed oil lie used in sufficient proportions. HWI' (Slirrwiu-Wlllloiiis i'liint, Prepared) is a correct I'umhlnallim uf oxide of nine, carbonate of lead, sulphate of lead and puro linseed oil, with tlm necessary turpentine and drier. These materials sro all of the highest quality and are Intelligently and scioulllUmlly handled so as to give the maxi mum paint value in each can and color. I Pact M] Th, Good brus ` necessary for otherwise good , ing brush mar Brushes ar flat, round, a -' and chisel sha In selecting fits the hand, or quickly tiri . In some br are set in cem rubber-set bri be left standir aet brushes si ' ' alcohol, such It is more condition. M , . to put brush on a board c stand brush a good way t insert a loop < stick laid acre Wi. When thr brush out tho but if allowe, brush in good is to be able t clean brush * To dean varnish or er but turpenti in anything ; been well de they should a cloth. S-\ ( Pints | 0007--SWP--041900 0007-SWP-000125288