Document pzDE7530JmnEpemZOqKw1zjX

PCB POISONING AND POLLUTION Ediu4 hy Kentaro Hiouchi Fukuoka Univemty Hmpital, Japan 1976 KODANSHA LTD. Tokyo ACADEMIC PRESS Now York San Francisco London A Swbifdtory of Morcovri Jo?oao?k*i, Pvfcliihm MOMS 220506 KODANSHA SCIENTIFIC BOOKS Copyright O 1976 by Kodaiuha Ltd. Alt right! reaerved No part of thu book may be reptoduced ia any form, by photoitat microfilm, retrieval lytiem, or any other meant, without the wntien permueton of Kodaiuha Ltd, (eacept in the caae of brief quotation for cnticiam or review) I.S.8.N. 0-12-M7W0-2 Library of Congieaa Catalog Card Number 76-24154 C*-tUuU fy KODANSHA LTD 12-21, Otowa 2-chotne, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112, Japan and ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Ill Fifth Avenue. New York, N.Y. 10005 ACADEMIC PRESS, (LONDON) LTD 24/28 Oval Hoad, London NW I PuNTID IK jAfAls HOHS 22050? J 15 Swelling of the eyelid* And browniih dim ptfmentation of i new-born baby. K.,Fig, ? 9 Natl pigmentation (5 |td ft|. ) 10 Fi|tncmthon of ihc palpebral y, female). conjunctiva and limbal conjure iu a ? || OiA|isit pigmentation (\ K , >g 7 \l Pigmentation uf ihc hpt M*d 36, female) HONS 220506 Contributors Kentaro Hioucm, Fukuoka Univenity Hospital, Ntshi-ku, Fukuoka 814, Japan Chisato Hulavaka, Third Department of Internal Medicine. Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan Masahiro Kncvcm, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 614, Japan Hiromu Koda, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 612, Japan Mesanon KusuTsuxa, Department of Public Heath, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu Univenity, Fukuoka 812, Japan Yoshito Masuda, Daitchi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka 815, Japan Hiroya Tamam, Food Hygiene Laboratory, Sagami Women's University, Sagamihara-thi 228, Japan Roy Tatschawa, College of Agriculture, Ehime Univenity, Mauuvamathi 790, Japan Kiichi UtOA, Laboratory of Hygiene and Oral Health, Showa University, Tokyo 142, Japan Hanikuni UttAat, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812, Japan Shin'ichi Yoshikaha, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu Uni versity, Fukuoka 812, Japan Hidetoshi Yooukuka, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu Uni venity, Fukuoka 812, Japan MOMS 220509 vu Preface Recently, the various health hazard) and dangers of indiscriminate discharge of industrial wattes into the environment have been emphasiz ed, Also, strong warnings have been issued, both officially and unoffi cially, against polluting the environment with toxic or otherwise harmful industrial products. However, it b distressing that, to often, severe cases of poisoning are required before the dangers are fully recognized or effec tive countermeasures can be implemented or enforced. The present book coven the broad field of PCS poisoning and pollu tion In Japan. It emphasized the case of direct human poisoning by oral intake of PC3*eonlaminated rice-oil (Yusho), and also includes sections on the experimental and toxicological aspects of PCB poisoning, and on the genera] pollution of the natural environment by PCB's. The medical description of Yusho covers epidemiologic, pathologic, clinical and therapeutic studies, and there are detailed descriptions of the dermal symptoms (which resemble chloracne) and other major clinical manifestations of the disease, in both adults and children. The sections on toxicology cover various studies, mostly animal experiments, on the physiological and other effects of PCB's, and on the absorption, distribu tion and metabolism of PCB's in the animal body. The section) devoted to environmental pollution in Japan describe both the microanalvtical methodology for PCB's, as adopted in Japan, and also the extent of pollu tion of the atmosphere, freshwater and marine environments, toil, agricul tural products, fish, bird), and man. As editor for this project, I wish to express my appreciation to all authors for their contributions, and would also like to take this opportu nity to thank the staff of Kodansha for their editorial and linguistic assist ance in the preparation of the English manuscripts comprising this book Julv, 1976 ` K, Hiouchi HONS 220510 Contents Contributor*, v Preface. ni PART 1: PCB POISONING Chapter 1. Outline, 3 Chapter 2. Epidemiologic Studio on Yiuho, 9 2.1. Introduction. 9 2.2. Qinieal Symptom*. 10 2.S. Deacriptive Epidemiologic Studio. t1 2.4. Analytical Epidemiologic Studio, 13 2.3. Do*e-Re*pooe Reiatioathip. IS 2-6. Tonic Agent, IS 2.2. Amount of Kancchlor 400 Ingentd by Patient*. 18 2.8. Babio Bom to Patient* and to Non-affected Wive* of Paiicnu, and Babte* Brea*t4ed bv Palieno, 19 2.9. Growth of Yutho Children. 22 1.10. PCS'* in Yu*ho Patient*. 22 2.11. Death* among Yu*ho Patient*. 22 Chapter 3. Toxicological Aspect* I: the Toxicity of PCB', 25 3.1. Introduction, 23 3.2. Acute Toxicitv for Experimental Animal*. 26 3.3. Subacute and Chronic Studies. 26 3 4 Biochemical Reactions, 28 3 3. Endocrine Effect*, 31 3 6 ImmuiMMuppmnve Acuviiv, 32 3 ^ Camnogenno, 32 3.8. Effect* on Successive Generation!. 34 HONS 220S11 3 9. Toncological Significance of Comment Byproduct! of Higher Toxicm S3 3 10. Comparative Toxicity of Synthetic laotnen, 36 311. Possible Health Effect*: Present and Future, 38 Chapter Toxicological Aspects II. the Metabolic Fate of PCB s and Their Toxicological Evaluation, 41 4 1. Introduction, 41 4 2. Absorption, Distribution and Elimination of PCB'i, 42 4.3. Metabolism of PCB'i, 49 4.4. Toxicological Evaluation of the Metabolism of PCB'i, 62 Chapters. The Pathology of Yusho, 69 3 1. Introduction, 69 3.2. Autopsy Findings of Yinhn naoent, 70 3 3. Cutaneous Changes in Yusho Patients, 77 3 4. Gas-chromatographic Analysis of the PCB Content of Visceral Organs in Yusho Patients, 78 3.3. Discumon, 82 Chapter 6. Clinical Aspects of PCB Poisoning, 82 6.1. Introduction, 87 6.2. Clinical Manifestations, 86 6.3. Effects on Fetal and Infant Life, 99 6.4. Laboratory Findings, 100 6.3. Treatment. 102 Chapter 7. The Dermal Symptomatology of Yuiho, 105 7 1. Introduction, 105 7.2. Clinical Symptoms, 106 7.3. Treatment, 118 7.4. Clinical Course, 120 7.3. Meehanitins, 121 7.6. Conclusion, 122 PART 111 PCB POLLUTION Chapter 8. PCB Microanalysii, 127 8.1. Apparatus, 127 8.2. Reagenu, 127 8.3. Standards, 128 8.4 Preparation of Sample Solution, 8.3. Measurement of PCB'i, 132 128 Chapter 9 PCB Pollution of the Japanese Environment. 9 l. Introduction. 147 9.2. Production. Use and Properties of PCB'i 148 9 3, Environmental PCB Pollution In Japan, 153 Subject Index, 181 147 HONS 220512