Document ppwDYRVLVaLdqwe3xeGj768jD

1962 Satianal Safety Congres: job. The net result is a progressive ex pansion in the total safety know-how of the entire plant population. These are the five objective's 1 would aim towards in rutting togefKcr the plans for a safety program. Tt is quite obvious that the supervisor who is in direct contact with the workers will be the person needing most of your attention. Your plans must keep him con stantly in view because he, not you. will Sc the key man as your plans materialize. The safety engineer who councils foremen and who spends ninety per cent of his time helping foremen with safety problems is making headway. Each foreman brought into the camp of the safety engineer is one more salesman for safety, and it behooves the safety en gineer to work wih him untiringly. Fore men are the spokesmen for the safety pro gram. They are the communication system. We must understand them and respect them in the job that lies ahead. YOUR ACCIDENT RECORD CAN HELP YOU By W. EUGENE STUFFING Director of Safety, Carrier CorpM Syracuse, N. Y. The premise on which this paper is based is that "Records are the basis or founda tion of a scientific approach to accident pre vention." Records give you, the safety en gineer, the basic information necessary to transform haphazard, costly, and ineffective accident prevention work into planned pro grams so that specific conditions and situa tions which are causing accidents can be controlled. So that all of us who arc encaged in the profession of preventing accidents can meas ure our accident experience and progress by tire same units of measure, the American Standards Association, w-ith the assistance of many safety experts,, has developed two standard?.' These standards are the basis tor the majority of accident records devel oped and maintained by industries, federal, state-and local-agencies, and associations such as the National Safety Council-and the U. S. Department of Labor. These standards are: A. S. A. Standard Z16.1 and A- S. A. Standard Z16.2. Stand ard Z16.1 presents the standard method of c'assifving and recording injuries and com puting injury rates. Standard Z16.2 con tains a detailed classification of accident fac tors and a recommended procedure for classifying and analyzing accidents on this basis. This standard comes in two parts. If you build your records around these standards, you will be able to provide your self with an objective evaluation of your safety program. Records will help you iden tify your high-ratc departments and. in ad dition. will provide you with information on your principal accident causes. Records can also be used to: A. Create interest in safety among mem bers of your management by furnishing them with information about the accident experi ence of their departments. B. Help you determine your principal ac cident sources so that your efforts can be focused in directions which will effect the largest reductions in accidents. C. Proride supervisors and safety com mittees with information about the most fre quent unsafe practices and unsafe condi tions. so these persons can utilize their time and efforts to the greatest advantage. D. Judge the effectiveness of your safety program and activities bv showing you whether vour accident experience is improv ing or getting worse. E Make comparisons with other com panies. industries, or groups. There are four steps which you must take if your records are to be of value to you. They are: A. Obtain a report on every injury. B. Record and classify these injuries in accordance with the A. S. A. standards al ready mentioned. 10 Industrial Subjects Sessions C. Prepare a tnonthly or periodic summary report which adequately shows the in jury rates, as well as the circumstances and causes of the accidents which resulted in the injuries. D. Periodically analyze the circumstances and causes of the accident*. Obviously you must be fed basic informa tion regarding accidents and injuries before you can build a set of adequate records. So the first type of retain that you mus: receive is the first-aid report. The Medical Department should provide you with infor mation regarding every iniury. This report -hculd give you the injured employee'* name and department, the time o: the ac cident. the preliminary irrpre**i'.n of the in jury. and the injured'* <le*cripticn of how the injury occurred. The other report which must 1< provided the safety engineer is the suicrvisr.r's re port of accident investigation. This report is completed by the supervisor as soon after the accident as possible because time has a wav of causing us to forget details which could be of vita] importance in the preven tion of similar accidoits. Supervisors' aceidcnt investigation report* vary widely as to format, but you should -ure that the form ask* adequate question* give the information you need. Obviously, each supervisor must know how to fill out the form properly. Otherwise you will find >ovir>clt spending needless time p *ing back to the supervisor for additional information. Tlu* program of accident investigation re ports also provides other interested manage ment personnel with information regarding accident* occurring in their areas of respon sibility and interest. As stated earlier, yo i should prepare a monthly or periodic summary report which -how* the circumstances and causes of acci dents which resulted in injuries. The infor mation for the summary comes from the first-aid reports and the supervisors* acci dent investigation reports. This summary rcjort forms the foundation for all other re ports which emanate from your office. One tyt< of summary report form is fur nished companies by one of the leading caualty insurance organization*. Another form more completely describes ain injury iu terms of the A. S. A. standards previously men tioned. All of the "factor*" with which you would, work to analyze accident* arc con tained in this report. iiv taking information front the monthly nummary report, you can cross match the '`factors" involved in accidents with each other, in order to find out what combina tions of factors are causing the majority ot your accidents. After you have found the combinations which arc showing up in large jTrccntngcs. your next step is to take meas ure- to reduce accidents being caused by -aid combinations. You can use your monthly -ummarv to *'r<'* match specific "agencies" against "type* accident*." You also could u*e a similar work sheet t cm** match "acenric*"against "unsafe acts," or "agencies" against "unsafe mechanical physical conditions." Safety ;crf<rmance is relative. It doesn't mean too much until you compare it with the jicrformancc of other departments, plants, -.mjc.nic* industries n* a whole, to say nothing al-out comjctring it with your pre vious experience. T*. make these'comparison-, a incth'-d of measurement is needed that will adjust to the effect* *f certain variables contributing :> differences in injury experiences. A stand ard procedure for developing record*, which provide* for the*c variables i* included in A. S. A. standard Z16.1. Thi* procedure uses injury trequenej and everity rate* winch relate injuric* and day* barged a* a rc*n1t oi the injuries to the nunilcr : man-hour* worked. The*c rateautomatically adjust for the differences in the hour* of exposure t injury. Secondly. ;i:ss procedure sj<cifie* the kinds of injuries which, should be included in the rate*. Thc*e rate* have been generally accepter! by indus try a- a uniform procedure which will per mit the desired cr.mparw.ns. Now I would like to mention a few wavs at which various type* of reports can be helpful to you. Since you are most familiar with your own company's situation, you should look these over from the standpoint f <crvtng your own purpose*. Cumulative disabling injury frequency rates can be vised to rank departments. This i- only one tyjc of measurement that can !c used, but i should warn vmi that this tyj*c of measurement used by itself is no panacea. Departments can also be ranked by monthly disabling injury frequency rates. 1