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Tba w etir.j* v u c a lle d eo o rd e r by Che Cfcaimaa* Col S s s a r , vha * {sosgicated th a t v a s t area s o f th e tr o p ic s and sarii tro p ic a e r a covsrsd by dense growths o tree s* sh ru b s, bee Oepeadaat upon c i reassn tancaa* th is v c ro ta tiv e trroind cover has in tin e s p is t been a problea to h e a lth (u slsx ia c o n tro l, scrub typhus c i t e c o n tro l), a source o f cd ro sc aila s, t=t o b s tru c tio n o f l i s a s o f f i r e , o b se rv a tio n , trs a s p o rta * tioa* etc
Tha Cfcairsum s ta te d th a t th e se in atten d an ce co u ld be f a r i l i a r l s e d v ith the ac tu al use of c e rta in herbicides In Viet -Ssa during the p est two years lui s m to d tiie t th e so u r.it* co r end o f th e n e s tin g uao a g en eral statesrsn t about dose love la and hacards to h e a lth of pen and d c c e s tic e n ir a ls iro n 2,h-D and 2*h,5T b.-acd on th e r a d ic a l l i t e r a t u r e cad unpublished dam of-various research laboratories le a Cr.-mittse * vas ashed to e v a lu a te th e to n ic ity o f a s in tu r e Icac-ua a s P u rp le : "fcip rd n tu ro c o n s is ts of *0 \ c o r r a l b u ty l 2,*;!-D, 3". n o m a l b u ty l 2*^,3* X, and 0 i is c b u ty l 2,b,5-T. 2he C hairm a f u r th e r s ta te d thefi the C m n ittee should also review th is in f am otion in li^hfi of cctual u sa o f th e se m te rla ls * as u i l i t a r y h e rb ic id e s in V iet Ib a end ccettenC on to bother h e a lth hacards vero engendered by such o p eratio n al use
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G e n e ra l F .J B elr-o ra presented a h e rb ic id e s in l it e r ? operatio ns
Dr XICm Dtav described the uso < upcudicerc sad eecfccct vith the ante: o p e ra to rs H is rsxnx:<a are attached <
S r C*S* M in rrih presented usaae body sp in s a exposures in ce n u fse tu rin V ie t t*aa* He crr= e n te d fu rth e r th a r posuxec to these ccncousds there vere
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The s p e c ific r;
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c r it e r ia fo r use o f h e rb ic id e s and pi
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th a t th e y trust b e , by r e -p ils t ie n , no;
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p e rso n s*
ctacxodaoncepchntlDuaimasra*sioll,a!na5icca2outatfreDsa&taphtaroaeeisdnrsitiurrcoeapinoctpyneaoarraistzl*t,sal ldnandddtaahrtedapsep1rc2trhue^tesaenafneingtoeduudrs1,e2s1rtoh uvedtiaieCitcsackrofconeitrrtseeoeacvr.iaetderlea.d.cliiadsinetprdeatch-tieoes
lb C c sc itte e adopted the fo llo v ia s observation and conclusions:
C3SrsVATIs:i3 Doacd upon the d a ta rev iev ad aad p rese n ted , th e C oralttee reecrrcnded acceptance of chocs l i t r e s so riacute to n ic ity . of p u rp le d a t u r a * Vue C c n d c tc s f u r th e r noted Chat th e se v sre eoeplied fron several a n tra l species, chat to n ic ity data unre sim ilar fro s species to specic3, and that the occasional cases of accidental poisoning and/or attem pted su icid e in can rep o rt even higher figures*
* Oral and in tra p e r i ton c a l ro u te s (I2>0 3CC-100Q nc/lcs
(I2L ICC-333 n/hv
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(I2p0 IcOC-dCCO irz/kg (121 - CCC-CO n g /k s
CiTtTTJgSIS^S - The Coraitfcee s ta te d ` in s r a ta r y and a f t e r c a re fu l rev le u of tc u ic a lc ;;lc a i data r c la t- d to c,L-'0 and ,k ,5 -T ?lu3 th e
Icnsvisdr.e aa to th e ta n n e r th ese r a c e r ia is have been used fo r de fo lia tio n lu n ilie s r y aiau ctio n s in Southeast A sia, the C c m itrae con
cluded th at no h ea lth banned is or tn a irrvolvsd to in o r ucnestic a a in als iro n .th e amounts o r nanner those n a t c r is is vem used in the aforem entioned e x e rc ise *
A dditional in fo rm Cion p e rtin e n t tn th is Denting ore attached u Appendices D, X, and ?
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lstttca o a Koctins Seid to TJiscuia aud Evaluara die Toxicity od 2,i*3 Oii 2 ,4 f ~-T Cosaossda hold
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ter fco rh a io x y a c c ta ta h e rb ic id e s Are' used Co ce n tro 1 vends in vhaatr,
s *: o a t s , b a r le y , r i e s , asp arag u s, e n a r c a a a , c o n * c td o th e r ero ?a* Xhey
I*' a r a a ls o used ta cotetoI vceds and tru th . In svamplcada end p o s tu ra s , s o croplands, unrealro cle hardvoed .trees in co n ifer o reata, en u t i l i t y ri^ h C fo x -v ty s, indus t r i t i ccd m ilita ry sicca tad m ilita ry o p e ra tio n s . These compounds t r e a s p lie d a t ra te a o 1/16 to lo pounds/ a c re dependas on. th a v e s a ta tio a to ha c o n tro lle d a s method o f a p p li cation*
TSa h e x b ie id a l p ro p e rtie s o f t i c a s chamcele v a ra re p o rta d i n JA and t h o i r c o m e r c ia l m anufacture barcia ln abone lpb<$, d a te 19^7 more th sn 3C0 i l l i c n petarle heve beca producid end used to c o n tro l v e s e ts t lc a oa more chas. ICO miI lio n aerea e load
Tfca- amnua1 p ro d u ctio n o f th e picncorTacGiata h e rb ic id e s la estim ated t o exceed 50 s i l l i e s pounds and they e ra used ca about 50 d l l i e n a c re s of land each year*
The*a herbicide* e ra re g is te re d by th e V.S. Department o f A,rric u ltu re end th e ir use or ueed control la food crops la perm itted v ith a tolercuee of 5 pp ca apples, separates, sad o th er edible crops*
D a ria s th e 15 y e a rs th e se h e rb ic id e s have been used e x te n s iv e ly in , th e D5*, th e Dept o A g ric u ltu re reco rd s show t h a t th e D arartm ast h as n o t rece iv ed a s i a l i c com plaint o f in ju ry to human.?, ltv e s to c h , v ild l if c , o r s o ils iro n the phenosy herbicides. In ad d itio n , th e major m anufacturers o f th e phenomy h e rb ic id e s have c e r t i f i e d th a t ecus o f * th e vorkmen in t h e i r f a c to r ie s hava chcua any 11 e l f sc t o , Approyimat e l? 200 s c i e n t i s t s conduce research v ith th ese crapeunde each year* hot a
sin g le case of in ju ry , illn e s s , or Irrita tio n of any hind has over been reported*
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Body At s a a JO k s # 157 c a tio n s t o r t a i l (110 lbs* 5 a l a ) fcrsas baa a t o t a l body a re a of l . J e s te r a o r lb *2 aq is* ? o r purpose os e o s p u te tic a , i s i s assured th a t a csaiiasa os 1/2 od th e body a rc a eoa be cada aval Labia to S oileaus, l*e*a v sq* ft*
Based open v a i l decassntad s tad le a , the f a ll- c u t r a tio between 72. oa th e g ru m o and oa a hura l a v a rio u s p o s itio n s oversea 1:075 th e re fo re , ta a th e o re tic a l ggTirara f a ll- c u t and d e p c s itle a oa a b u o n body would- be 3 aq f t a 2J0 n s p e r cq f t * 2000 x 0*75 (V2 c o rre c tio n } l^OO c ^ t o t a l body*
1500 =3 /5 0 50 o s /k s body v el^Iit
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I t i r a ls o known fro a VS c r c c r i s s a t s th a t 1-2 la y e rs o f e lo th in s p rc rid e L to 10- fold p ra t e e rie r .a stiare fa i 1-cut siila depoaitisa* If tb s huaaa su b je c t uso assisted to be ?0? covered by cay i o n os clo th in g , Shea e a slsu a thee ro sic a l body deposition. is id c s /k j body valghe*
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- T o x icity o f H erb icid es l a Various A iiirsl Species - P resen ted By
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Ascendix C
* * : : ' * ' *
If - C onsiderable d ata con be fotsid l a Che l i t e r a t u r e orv phccoryace-
f ta ts s * However, s c a t of th is in d o rsa tio n concerns th e p aren s a d d s o r t * s a lts Although, cur in te r ea ts a re In th b u ty l e s te r s ex 2,b^3 end
it
2 #^,5-X # th a in d o rsa tio n en th e p a re n t a c id s and e x its a r e p e r tin e n t because th ere a re d e fin ite rela tio n sh ip s between th e parens cocpcoeda
t and th e esters*
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The d a ta in Table 1 in d ic a te a low o rd e r od t o n i c i t y f o r a l l o f th a ccrscccds ronticned in the various ca lza i species fa r tha routes of
*
a d m in istra tio n shown* There a r t no s ig n if ic a n t d i f f e r e n t in th a to r i* c i t i s o od th e v ario u s types or eonpsunde by th e in tr a p e r ito n e a l end
in tra a s t r i e ro u tas or a d n ia is tm tis n Ey those ro u ta s o f e d n in is tr a l1 tie n th e to n ic ity of 'p u rp le* i s a in d ia r to th a t o f th a o th e r caroocads
e sn e io se d . i y percutaneous a p p lic a tio n , *-pernia*'1 i s lc3J to x ic then by
th%a in tra p e rito n e a l l a t r a l a t r i e o r I n tr a tr a c h e a l a d n in it e r e t i c a routes*
1
The inform ation on th e to n i c i t y o f tn a p a re n t phcnoryacetate s in dosa is sp a rse . These data in d ic a ta U uc cop? ro core s e n s itiv e than
o th e r species to th e to n ic e ffe c ts of phanouvccetates* ihrvoYer, in do^s
''purple* appears to be less cesie than the parent cospouads* -
Tha d a ta shows In Table 1 r e f e r s to th e IS30 v alu es* Thule 2 t " Sives tile p re d ic te d dose cr/u ;) o f th e r a t a n t yhc-r.ojr..c a t t a te a vhich
e ig h t cause death in 1,?, 0.1> and O.CI.j o f a p o p u la tio n . Poses which e ig h t pro dues ooo death in a p o p u latio n o f 1C,CCG a m co n sid er ab ly h ig h er than th e c a s s ia s dcaa CO r ^ /k s ) th ic k could bave been c iva red in the V iet lisa, operations* I t would be expected th a t th a lo th , c cose f o r " p u r p le 1 would be 3in d ia r to thoso shown in Table 2
A suenary of the available data Crea toute t t y stu d ies n w In progress a re shorn in Table >. These d a ta in d ic a te th a t ''p u rp le " w i l l be no core tc ::lc th a t p re d ic t io n s f m s in fo ru c tio n co n tain ed in Tables 1 and 2* This sur::*,cu ts th a t i t i s very u n lik e ly t h a t *p u rp le" would pro duce any f a t a l i t i e s sa used in te e o p e ra tio n s in V iet lion*
Appendix C - Tebl* i.
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