Document ppOVOKo7oyBEG2eG33xadeXeE

years an internal inspection is made and oil cooler cleaned II necessary. Oils in service were broadly classified as type A, a non-solvent-refined, non- additive oil; type B, a solvent-refined, non-additive oil; type C, a solvent.re. fined oxidation-inhibited oil. Between 1930 and 1938 oil condition was judged by means of monthly oil tests for .water, sediment, viscosity and acid number. ' Service life remaining in oil could not be forecast from these testa. From. 1938 to 1944. interfaeial tension between oil and water was taken on the monthly oil samples in addition to the above tests. This test disclosed oil changes long before any significant Change in color, viscosity, or'acid num ber was noted. A practice of changing oil when the inierfacial tension dropped below eighteen resulted in a complete absence of sludging or varnishing. About 1944 changes occurred in turbine oils. Some had antirust additives so that initial interiacial tension was be low operating criteria. Rusting of oil lines occurred with both types B and C oils. No. rusting. was observed with type A oil although this oil gives a relatively short service life (about 20,000 hrs in turbines with 550-F steam). Film strength of turbine oils is only of interest in gear lubrication. Some geared turbines in this plant showed gear wear when operating on type B oil. Since changing to type A oil and accepting a short service life, gears gave normal performance. Presented at the Sympoiium on Service Experi ence with Inhibited Turbine Oils. ASTM. To Obtain Complete Text turns steam on once every hour oi^ for a length of time depending oa^ mend. Demand is usually held e<{ujf Material in these brief* comes from one of these sources: American Society of Testing Ma terials, Techniesl committee meet ing, Feb. 9, 1945, Washington, D. C. Papers are identified by ASTM. Available at ASTM' headquarters, 1916 Roes St, Phils 3. Amer Inst of Electrical Engi neers, summer meeting, Mexico City, Mexico,'Jane 31-25, 1948. Papers identified by AIEE and paper- No. Available at Amer Inst of Electrieol Engineers, 39 W 39th St, New York. Notional District fleatlng Assn, annual meeting, St Louis, Mo., May 17-21, 1945. Papers identified by NDKA. Available in proceedings^ NDHA, 827 N Euclid. Pittsburgh 6, Po. Midwest Power Conference, an nuel meeting, Chicago Apr 7-9, 1945. Papers identified by MPC Available et Illinois Institute, of Technology, 3300 Federal St, Chi cago 16, 111. slent to outdoor temperature. Cobt ous-flow controls feed steam eaaiuS ously through orifices at a pres$ure;di'|. fercntisl. varied by an outdoor theraf stat either with or without supp| menlary manual modification. NDlft Paper. Comparative Performance of P*sg and Convection Syiiems In Winii^ lleallng Research Residence, by Konxo and R W Roote, University'll Illinois. A fairly wide range of-je? yironmental .conditions for human body comfort can be maintained in varying percentages of radiation,-Sa-. vection, evaporation and conduction*!-' involved. Theoretically any reduction in rViii. tion transfer of heat from body loft rounding surfaces can be compesuttd for by on increase in convection i?'" far. A true radiant-heating systemtvid higK-temperatura radiation aurfscejfts fairly large ventilation rales shod ' make possible a marked reducU<5;] floor installation#. It seems least cosily, especially for residences or large fac tory installations. To-add to the knotyn (actors in this field, the American So ciety of Heating and Ventilating Engi neers has sat up a steering committee as an adjunct to its Committee on Re search. Purpose is to recommend a program of research for panel healing and cooling. The remainder of the paper discusses the various subdivisions of this recommended program. NDHA Paper. ambient-air temperature. Current Amer ican practice, however, uses lovyj perature panels, end negligible vejujli- lion rates prevail. Accordingly,*!***-' doubts exist whether low.tempcn panel heating exhibits markedly ififle eot characteristics irom the comm convection type of heating. Test results showed surprise similar response and performance both systems. The author eirtfaflf strews that these tests apply enty'* the experimental residence on theva% pus of the University of Illinois.-Mm Steam Doatlng Control Practice, by Paper. PANEL HEATING Present Status of the Panel Heating Art, by i S Locke, Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co. Panel heating is here to stay." A recent poll by the Cur tis Publishing Co indicated 14% of .their readers, who plan to build homes, also plan to use panel heating. After this opening statement on the market ''status of panel heating the author goes - on to define panel heating and discuss methods. These include: (1) circulating warm water, through embedded pipes and coils (2). separately heated plates or panels attached to interior surfaces (3) electric heat through cables embedded in walls or floors (4) electrically-heated wallpaper and tapestry. Present practice in this country favors Harry C Kaysing, Hesier-Bradtey Co. Prime objects of control for steam heat ing customers are: (1) Comfort of occupants with reasonable freedom from overheating or underheating (2) Steam economy--making each steam dollar yield a maximum toward comfort (3) Equipment relatively free of service and maintenance (4) Flexibility so the sys tem may be changed at.minimum cost to meet changing occupancy require ments. fn the author's opinion orifices are essentia) to meet control objectives above regardless of type control sought. Intermittent, on-off controls produce unsatisfactory comfort conditions-- those referred to as "cold 70". Pulsat ing or cycling controls substitute for the variable "on" interval of the inter mittent control a fixed time interval with a variable "on" period. As an example, a typical pulsating control Application of Heat Dolonce A^ to Industrial Plants, by H C Cjui Commercial Testing and Co. A study of improvements ifl;~ omy or in increased' production steam-generating system must ^ from a heat balance. Such o balancsveals wastes from venting to etmotj^ or dumping condensate to ateww Mounting fuel costa have called manufacturer's attention to lho.PS plant. Recent plants are fully ,*j> mented, closely controlled, *n-around a sound heat balance. / For existing plants the heal )) shows the relative merit of replH& equipment with new. To coDoct t*- data for such o balance in old p|_ a rather difficult fob. The autb?! cusses several methods of Information for this duty. MPfy 110 (S69) POWER Sapt*^/ for Petroleum Refining Great refineries of Standard Oil Company of Indiana convert the mid-continent's bUek gstd into the myriaJ products and by-products which power and lubricate the planes, trams; ships, motor cars,.production ma chinery in a large sector of industrial America. *vBut refineries, too, require power,--electricity', steam, tnupreued air, liquid pumping. At its huge Wood River, Jllinoii, refinery Standard Oil Company planned for *grctcot and future needs with a modern plant designed toprovide all the power services for petroleum processing. Dravo Corporation Power Plant Specialists accepted complete responsibility for construction of foundations,* % building, and equipment installation at Wood River; Standard Oi) Company Construction Engineers were . relieved of details of supervision, building trades co ordination, integration of separate items of equipment. Power and Boiler Plant Specialists at Dravo Corpora tion have a background of experience which can oe of real value to industrial executives and consulting en gineers concerned with construction and equipment in stallations for all types of power and boiler facilities. Further details of tnts Dravo experience are covered in Bulletin CF-504; Power Department, 300 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh *22, Pa. Rravo corporation %p,TtsburGH -- PHILADELPHIA -- CLEVELAND '* NIW YORK--DETROIT-- ATLANTA WILMINGTON '. ^52^. -- Pumptri tuttanj -- few Float *4 Csotojetm' r assreaaar rf&^ER S.D|#mU 1948 -- Jwf*d'nrSLS?t52aJT1W NmDm tad VtottUMni -- 6rf0| _ -- TswSmu < Bit|St -- Cod -- lobitd Mnt TrimpwirilM