Document ppNOqn998LqmeRvp0yRq3R7ND

ti BENTHAL* APPLICATION IN ALKYD RESINS . Monsanto Chemicals - Plastics Monsanto Tochnlcal Bulletin No. O-D-503 March 15, 1950 Development Dept. Organic Chemicals Division Monsanto Chemical Co., St. Louis 4, Mo. INTRODUCTION Short oil modified alkyd resins, vhen prepared under certain conditions with dibasic acids or anhydrides and polyhydrlc alcohols, react rapid ly and give produots with high acid values. The replacement of a portion of the dibasic acid by BENTHAL In such alkyd resins will retard the body ing and permit longer processing time In order to reduce the acid value of the product. The BENTHAL polyhydrlc alcohol product becomes part of the resin molecule and acts ,as an internal plasticiser, thus improving flexibility and adhesion of the dried film. Reg. U.S. Pat. Off. The information contained In this bulletin ie, to our best knowledge, true and accurate, but all recommtndetlon* or suggestions are made without guaionleo, since the condition* of uee are beyond out control. The Moneanto Chemical Company dierlaims wry liability Incurred in connection with the uer of these data or suggestion*. Ftvthermore. nothing contained heraln shall bs^ construed as S recommendation to uee any product In conflict with sxiellng patent* rovering any material or Ha was. , OZOAfo07 I TOWOLDMON0025036 WATER_PCB-00009505 BENTHAL Specifications Appearance - Light yellow powder Ash - 0.20# Max. Odor - Strong characteristic Melting Point - Il8c. Min. to start Given to Alkyd Resins by BENTHAL BENTHAL reacts with ethylene glycol, glycerol and pentaerythrltol to form a liquid resin with low acid value. It is effective in alkyd resins when added in recommended quantities with phthalic anhydride during processing. 1. Reduces the acid value. 2. Reduces the viscosity. 3. Slightly improves the original color. 4. Retards yellowing on baking at elevated temperature. 5- Retards after-bodying. 6. Improves flow properties. 7. Does not retard air drying or baking. o. Does not change water or chemical resistance of dried films. 9- Improves stability. 10. Improves film adhesion of pentaerythritol types. 11. Improves flexibility of dried films. Reactions of BENTHAL in Alkyd Resins Three parts by weight of BENTHAL react with one part of glycerol if heated and agitated 3 hours at 450F. in the presence of an inert gas. The final product has an acid value of 2-3. a viscosity K-M (Gardner-Holdt viscosimeter) and a color 4-5 (Gardner color standards). It is non-drying and has plasticising properties. The replacement of 3-10# of phthalic anhydride by BENTHAL in short oil (40#) modified alkyd resins lengthens the processing time, lowers the acid value, and retards the bodying action. The BENTHAL was added with the phthalic anhydride. Properties, such as air drying, baking, and resistance to water, alkali, and weather, are not appreciably changed In alkyd resins of the linseed, soy, or caBtor oil type. The color is Bllghtly paler. In all the experiments following, a 600 ft./min. peripheral speed turbine was used as agitator. Carbon dioxide was bubbled through the alkyd resins mixture and was started at the beginning of heat ing and continued until the batch was ready for thinning. The carbon dioxide was introduced into the bottom of the batch directly beneath the turbine through a perforated ring near the bottom of the kettle. -2- 020*608 | TOWOLDMON0025037 WATER_PCB-00009506 Other Modifications Other polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitol and mannitol can be used In alkyd resins containing 3-1$ BENTHAL based on the phthalic anhydride replacement with satisfactory results for lengthening the processing time, reducing the acid value, and retarding the bodying. Experimental Data on Processing Alkyd ReBlns with BENTHAL (1) Castor Oil Alkyd Resin -- Short Oil Modified Reagents: Raw castor oil (40# oil modified) 2.6 moles glycerine . 3-0 moles phthalic anhydride BENTHAL replacement for 5 and 10# phthalic anhydride Process: All ingredients were added to the kettle and heated slowly to 480F. and held for body. Evaluation: TABLE I Alkyd Resin Processing Time at 480F. Acid Value Viscosity 50# Xylol Color 50# Xylol Sward Hardness Alkyd 70# Solids Melamine 30# Solids 1/2 Hr. 300F. Control 60 min. 22.0 Z-2 5 5# BENTHAL 107 min. 9-4 Z-2 4-5 10# BENTHAL 210 min. 7.2 Z-2 4-5 16-18 16-18 16-18 (2) Linseed Oil Alkyd Resin -- Short Oil Modified Reagents: Varnish type linseed oil (40# oil modified) 2.4 moles glycerine 3 moles phthalic anhydride BENTHAL replacement for 3 and 5# phthalic anhydride Process: The linseed oil and glycerine (25# by welght0of the former) were subjected to alcoholysis at 450 F. in the presence of a litharge catalyst (0.10# Pb of the weight of glycerine). The balance of glycerine was added, followed by the phthalic anhydride and BENTHAL and the total batch processed to 450F. and held for body. -3- . 0204609 | TOWOLDMON0025038 WATER_PCB-00009507 Evaluation: TABLE II Alkyd Resins Processing Color Time at 450f. Acid Viscosity 50$ Minutes Value 50$ Xylol Xylol Control 3$ BENTHAL 5$ BENTHAL 60 75 90 15 F 12 F 8F 6-7 6-7 6 Sward Hardngss Bake at 300 1 Hr. 12 12 11 (3) Soy Patty Acld-Alkyd Resin -- Short Oil Modified Reagents: Double distilled soy fatty acids (40$ oil modified) 2.4 moles glycerine (98$) 3 moles phthalic anhydride BENTHAL replacement for 2 and 4$ phthalic anhydride Extra glycerine In amount of 10$ of soy fatty acids Process: All ingredients were added to the kettle and heated slowly to 450P. and held for body. Evaluation: TABLE III Alkyd Resins Processing Color Sward Hardness Time at 450F. Acid Viscosity 50$ Bake 300F. Minutes Value 50$ Xylol Xylol 1 Hr. Control 2$ BENTHAL 4$ BENTHAL 90 100 120 12 F 10 F 8F 5-6 11 5-6 11 5 10 (4) Cocoanut Fatty Acids Alkyd Resin -- Short Oil Modified Reagents: Distilled cocoanut fatty acids (34$ modification) 2.4 moles glycerine 3.0 moles phthalic anhydride Pentaerythritol replacement for 10$ of glycerine extra glycerine in amount of 10$ of cocoanut fatty acids BENTHAL replacement for 3 and 5$ phthalic anhydride Process: All ingredients were added to the kettle and processed slowly to 450F. and held for body. o;o46io | TOWOLDMON0025039 WATER_PCB-00009508 Evaluation: Alkyd Resins Processing Time at 450f. __ Minutes Control 3# BENTHAL 5# BENTHAL 75 90 120 TABLE IV Acid Viscosity Value 60# Xylol Sward Hardness Color Alkyd Resins 70# Sol: 60# Melamine 30# Solid Xylol____ 1/2 Hr. 300F. 18 U-W 5-6 15 U 12 U 5 5 ll (5) Soy-Tung-Pentaerythrltol-Malelc Anhydride-Alkyd ~Resln -- Lon~g Oil Modified Reagents: 50# Alkali refined soy oil 8# Pentaerythrltol . 20# W. W. Rosin or 12# W. W. Rosin and 8# BENTHAL 17# Tung oil 5# Maleic anhydride Process: The soy oil and pentaerythrltol were subjected to alcoholysis In the presence of a litharge catalyst (0.10# Pb per weight of pentaerythri- tol), by heating for 20 min. to 480F. for sol ubility of 1:1 in methyl alcohol. The tem perature was reduced to 400F. and the rosin, BENTHAL and finally tung oil were added. The batch was heated until clear when cold. Final ly the maleic anhydride was added and the batch was heated to 500^. and the process completed at 570F. Evaluation: TABLE V Alkyd Resin Processing at 500-570F. Acid Minutes Value Viscosity 50# Mineral Spirits Air Drying Time Co-drier Rosin type 75 BENTHAL type 120, 18 E-F 4 hours-dust free 10 E 4 hours-dust free (6) Soy Fatty Acld-Olycerlne-Malelc Anhydride-BENTHALAltcyd Res In-Short Oil Modified Reagents: 39-4# Distilled soy fatty acids 15-8# Glycerine 15.4# Maleic anhydride 29.4# BENTHAL 0204611 -5- TOWOLDMON0025040 WATER_PCB-00009509 Process and Evaluation: . fill ingredients were heated at 450F. for one hour and forty minutes. The batch was thinned with 50$ xylene. The product had an acid value of 8.4 (solids), viscosity S, color 5, and the film baked hard in 1/4 hour at 300F. and air dried (Pb and Co drier) in 2 hours to dust free stage. (7) Soy Fatty Acid-Pentaerythritol-Glycerlne, ~BEWTHAL-Alkyd Resin-Short Oil Modified" Reagents: 41$ Distilled soy fatty acids 4$ Glycerine (98$) 21$ Technical pentaerythritol 32$ Fhthalic anhydride 2$ BENTHAL Process and Evaluation: ' All ingredients were heated to 430F. and held for 3-1/2 hours. The batch was thinned with 50$ xylene. The product had an acid value of 10 (solids), color 7, viscosity W. The films baked hard in 1/2 hour at 300F. (8) Soy 011-Pentaerythrltol-BENTHAL-Phthallc AnhydrldeAlkyd 'Resin-Short Oil Modified Reagents: 270 g. Alkali refined soy oil 133 g. Technical pentaerythritol loO g. Phthalic anhydride 120 g. BENTHAL `, Process and Evaluation: Alkali refined oil and 27 g. technical penta erythritol were processed at 480f. using calcium catalyst for 30 minutes until clear (soluble in methyl alcohol l-l). Then 106 g. technical pentaerythritol were added and the batch temperature wa3 held at 480f. until clear. The temperature was then dropped to 400oF. and phthalic anhydride and BENTHAL were added and processed at 450F. for six hours. The batch was thinned with 50$ xylene. The product had an acid value of 12 (solids), vis cosity W, color 8. The film baked hard in l/2 hour at 3O0F. (Sward 12). -6- 0204612 TOWOLDMON0025041 WATER_PCB-00009510 (9) Soy 011-Pentaerythrltol-BENTHAL-Succlnic Acld-Alkyd hesln-Long Oil Modified' '""`I ' Reagents: 240 g. Alkali refined soy oil 69 g. Technical pentaerythrltol 63 g. Succinic acid 60 g. BENTHAL Process and Evaluation: ' Alkali refined soy oil and 24 g. technical pentaerythrltol .w..AeMreA >pAr.oAcAeAsMsAeAd^ a. t j4l 80p. using calcium catalyst, for 30 minutes until clear and then 45 g. technical pentaerythritol were added and held until clear. Succinic acid and BENTHAL were added at 400F. and processed at 450F. for 4 hours. The batch was thinned with 50$ mineral spirts. The product had an acid value of 5.8 (solids), viscosity D, and color 6. The film air dried (Pb and Co drier) in 3 hours to a dust free stage. For further Information about BENTHAL contact the nearest Monsanto office. MONSANTO CHEMICAL COMPANY St. Louis Akron Birmingham Boston Charlotte Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Detroit Houston Los Angeles New York Philadelphia Portland (Ore.) San Francisco Monsanto Chemicals Ltd. London Seattle Monsanto Chemicals (Australia) Ltd. Melbourne Monsanto (Canada) Ltd. Montreal Toronto Vancouver Representatives in the Principal Cities of the World PEM:WA-549-.5M; 649--5M -350- M Printed In U.S.A. -7' 0204613 TOWOLDMON0025042 WATER_PCB-00009511