Document pp3qgEpoBEjZnJBYOnD16J6aX

CRIMDEBN00000235 SC-ETM-1477 25th ) > )>>>>->>) ANNIVERSARY<<<-<(( C-0C'( (-(- ELLIOTT COMPANY'S METALLURGICAL AND CHEMICAL LABORATORIES............................................. 4 CORN BELT POWER (Generators and Turbochargers)........................................ 7 EJECTOR INSTALLATION TIPS (Discharge Lines)............................................ 8 IMPROVING A STAPLE FOOD (Converted Rice. Inc.)...................................... 9 IN AUSTRALIA............................................................................................................. 13 FIVE TURBOCHARGED DIESELS (New Bern. N. C.).....................................14 GASOLINE PLANT TURBINES.................... 14 RENOVATION OF HOPE NATURAL GAS COMPANY COMPRESSOR STATIONS................................................................. 16 INSTALLING A DEAERATING HEATER.......................................................... 21 GENERATORS AND TURBINES IN TWO NEW SHELL OIL PLANTS..22 SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS AT PLYMOUTH OIL............................................ 22 NEW RESERVOIR AND PUMPING STATION FEATURE LIMA WATER WORKS EXPANSION............................................................................24 COKE OVEN GAS EXHAUSTERS (National Tube Company).........................26 GENERATORS AT GRAND HAVEN.....................................................................27 MODERN SUGAR FACTORY IN IMPERIAL VALLEY (Holly Sugar).... 28 EJECTORS FOR DEODORIZING MARGARINE AND SHORTENING. ..30 POWERCRAX..................'........................................................................................... 31 M. A. King formerly man ager ofengineer ing. has rejoined the Elliott Com pany as engi neering vice president. Jean nette Division. ' With Elliott for 27 years, he was executive engi neer for the tur bine division of Worthington Pump fls Machinery Corporation for the past five years. He joined the Kerr Turbine Company of Wellsville, N. Y,, following graduation from the Univer sity of Michigan in 1916. Elliott pur chased Kerr .in 1923, made King chief engineer in 1924. He became turbine manager at Jeannette in 1932. In 1941 he was appointed manager of engineer ing for the company. J. D. Wlllcox, Jr. became Elliott Company district manager at Houston, Texas, November 1. Mr. Willcox came with die Elliott Company immediately upon graduating in electrical engineer ing from Cornell in 1935. After com pleting the sales training course, he was assigned to the Atlanta office where he has been ever since, with the exception of three years during the war when he served as an officer in the U. S. Navy. Published by Elliott Company ... POWERFAX is a magaxinc of information for engineers and operatorsofsteam and electric power plants, or in charge of industrial processes. More than 30,000 copies are distributed quarterly with the compliments of Elliott Company to its customers and friends. Address correspondence regarding POWERFAX to C. W. Kalbfus, Editor. Elliott Company, Jeannette, Pa. WINTER, 1948 VOLUME XXVI NUMBER 4 t now legal . . The EUiott Company's trade mark monogram, shown here, which has been used for the past 40 years, has now been registered as a trade-mark in the United States Patent Office for use in connection with all Elliott products. editorial # front cover The last three Power/ax covers have depicted industries such as petroleum, power, and chemical. This time we symbolise the BOiott Company plants which are serving these and otherindus tries. And, of course, the men and women of the BUiott plants at this Christmas season send you greetings. # DEMA meeting More than 70 college professors and representatives of Diesel engine manu facturers attended an all-day meeting at EUiott Company's Jeannette plant on November 9. The meeting was spon soredby theEducational Divisionofthe Diesel Engine Manufacturers Associ, ation. Professors represented the Uni versity of Pittsburgh, West Virginia University, Ohio State University, Williamsport Technical Institute, Carnegie Institute of Technology, BuckneQ University, and the Penn sylvania State College. Discussions covered turbocharger de sign, application and metallurgy, re search activities. Inspection trips were made through the Elliott shops, labo ratories, and research departments. i3 Copyright, 194B, EUtott Company, Jeannette, Pa, CRIMDEBN00000237  li -- rPt i .. 1 ! I it , N "T i Vi 1' "2 JA CRIMDEBN00000238 Q Left--A corner ofthe chemicallaboratory. Chemist ; I. JL Trout, shown makipg carbon determination,''^ has been on the job with the company for 26 years. ' Bauscb and Lomb' metal lurgical microscope, .In r:/'the picture is Mr. Evans., '5; . - .1 ` . {v engineers, a special inspector, and a secretary, for a total staff of ten people. ' The photographs reproduced here show the major- equipment, but items which could not be readily photographed include: fatigue testing equipment for both room-temperature and high-temperature testing, impact tester, a special frame for testing long-time strength of low-temperature solders, galling test apparatus, salt spray corrosion test ' Equipment for cutting, mounting, and polishing specimens - preparatory to metaliographic examination. (| Heat-treating equipment. CRIMDEBN00000239 cabinet, and foundry sand control testing equip ment. A darkroom is also included in the layout, and a viewer for X-rays and radiographs has been provided. The metallurgical departmentoperates essentially as a staff function, serving all plants of the company. All incoming raw material of a critical nature re ceives chemical and physical testing against specifi cation before it is released for production. Foundry control, heat-treating problems and practices, and welding problems constitute a major portion of the 6 1 CRIMDEBN00000240 Shown at right, Elliott 1600-kw and 1000-kw generators driven by General Machinery Company and National Superior four-cycle Die sel engines in Galbraith, Iowa, plant of Corn Belt Power Cooperative. The Summer issue of 'Pow&rfax carried a story entitled "Power Encircles |The Little Brown ' / Church.' " It was illustrated by exterior and interior ; views of the Butler plant of the Corn Belt Power V; Cooperative at Plainfield, Iowa. The two photo-':,', graphs reproduced herewith show the interior of the Galbraith station, another of the various plants in' this Cooperative. Elliott generators serve the two': ' engines which consist of a General Machinery .pom- pany 1600-kw, 240-rpm engine and a National Superior 1000-kw, 360-rpm engine. The latter engine"" - is equipped with- an Elliott-Buchi turbocharger. - . I* . -r An Elliott-Buchi turbocharger serves the 1000-kw National Superior engine in the Galbraith Station, and the engine drives an Elliott alternating-current generator. CRIMDEBN00000241 ejector installation tips DISCHARGE LINES O To reduce greatly the rumbling and water splattering that sometimes occurs when the exhaust steam line from the discharge of a single-stage ejector (or the last stage of a multi-stage ejector) is submerged the maximum permissible distance of 8 in. or less, below the highest level of the water in a hotwell. use either of the arrangements illustrated. * ' * ^ ' V*-'v*-- *' . .-...r . yr. y.. *;v.'`i .Vv .^ PIPS. . NOT-EXCEE--D- 8. ..'AaNwDn SsCuRncEvWT j;r!^r.jTcEi;rouNnTnlLu.EcNnDu -- ' V4i^- yyOE PIPE -IS ABOUTM^vCENTER ,-r. :V'.r^. OF SIDE'OUTLET'Of TEE."v-V; 8 CRIMDEBN00000242 % Rice, the world's No. 1 grain in productiveness and the basic food of a good part of the world is not too popular in the United States. Only eight of the 48 states eat much rice and these states are in the South where the grain is grown. Nevertheless, prior to the War, some fourteen million barrels of rice were marketed from U. S. production and nine mil lion barrels were consumed in this country. Present day figures show a U. S. production of nearly twenty million barrels with domestic consumption amount ing to nearly thirteen million barrels. . Gordon Harwell, of Houston, Texas (now presi dent ofConverted Rice, Inc.), set himself the task of improving rice for more popular acceptance through out this country. In order to do this, it was recog nized that it would be necessary to overcome some of the more unfavorable characteristics of rice such as the tendency to become gummy in cooking. Lack of uniformity in color, flavor, and vitamin content were also noted as disadvantages in addition to the susceptibility of rice to weevil attack. After about ten years of experimentation and study, a process in use in London, England, came to his attention. Following some investigation, a license was obtained 9 CRIMDEBN00000243 CRIMDEBN00000244 and immediately afterwards he started to build a manufacturing> plant in Houston, Texas. Ten months later, October, 1942, the first shipment of Converted Rice was loaded. It was thus that Converted Rice, Inc. of Houston, Texas, in the best tradition of American business, started a new enterprise in the interest of.marked improvements in one of the world's basic foods. The new rice is translucent in color, impervious to weevils, of optimum vitamin content, and no longer has a tendency to become sticky in cooking. The new process soon came to the attention of the Army Quartermaster Corps. As untold millions of dollars' worth of rice have been lost annually to weevil attack, especially during warm months, the Quartermaster Corps was principally interested in the keeping qualities of the new rice. This one im- portant characteristic, together with the other advantages, resulted in the total output of the plant going to the Armed Forces during the war years. A large percentage still goes to them, but packages are finding their way to grocers' shelves in increasing quantities. . The Houston firm's process consists of several steps. From an overhead hopper, rice is charged into the steeping tank. Then a vacuum of 13 to 17 in. Hg,' referred to a 30 in. barometer, is established by means of two Elliott single-stage ejectors. Hot water is then injected into the steeping tank until the water is above the rice. Air pressure is then applied in the vapor space above the hot water level to force water into each rice kernel. The water carries with it into the grain a high percentage of Below--Close-up of one of the barometric condensers with ] the water-soluble vitamin complex ordinarily lost the two-stage condensing ejector which serves it at the right. At left the two small single-stage ejectors may be seen. in usual milling methods. Following some ten minutes under this condition, the air and water are i released. The wet rice is then dropped through a | large valve in the bottom of the steeping tank to a ; rotating steamer immediately below. In the steamer the starches are gelatinized and flavor and minerals ' are heat-sealed into the grains. After some five minutes under a pressure of approximately 12 psig, the steam is released to atmosphere, and the vapor line from the steamer is switched to an Elliott barometric condenser and two-stage ejector. These establish a vacuum of 28 in. Hg referred, in some 25 to 28 minutes. After establishing this vacuum, steam is admitted to tubes inside the steamer to further dehydrate the rice. Approximately two to : two-and-one-half hours pre required to complete . the process. ' The rice is then dried and milled, including a polishing operation. The hard, highly polished sur face achieved makes the grain impervious to weevil attack, a very desirable improvement. j ! 12 j CRIMDEBN00000246 1 9 The photographs show three Enterprise 400-kw, six-cylinder, four-cycle Diesel engines direct-con- ' nected to Elliott alternating-current generators with belt-driven exciters, turning out electric power for The Zinc Corporation, Ltd-, Broken Hill, N.S.W., Australia. The engines are also equipped with Elliott-Buchi turbochargers. A shop view of one of these units was shown in the Autumn 1947 Powerfax. The units are semiportable. wt* V' CRIMDEBN00000247 CRIMDEBN00000248  A fine looking line of Elliott-Buchi turbocharged Diesels--five identical units in a brand new station --is this installation at the city of New Bern, N. C. The city recently decided to "go Diesel" and in stalled five 8-cylinder, 1440-hp, 360-rpm, 14 x 20 in., four-cycle National Superior engines equipped with Elliott-Buchi turbochargers, driving 1000-kw, alternating-current generators. : The power plant is housed in a new building of colonial architecture. In addition to the engine room, there are offices and a large basement hous ing the lubricating oil tanks, oil reclaimers, com pressors, air storage tank,, and a bank of storage batteries. The engine room is large enough to accom modate an additional Diesel-electric power unit. The city of New Bern, population 20,000, is lo cated near the Atlantic Coast and has owned and operated its own power plant for more than 40 years. 15 CRIMDEBN00000249 # This year marked the 50th anniversary of the Hope Natural Gas Company, whose headquarters are located in Clarksburg, W.Va. Very appropriately: the Company has just completed an expansion program in which its plant facilities have been more than doubled within the past eight years. Beginning 50 years ago with a small number of oil and gas leases in Marshall and Wetzel Counties, five or six gas wells, several miles of line and a few customers, the Company now has a plant investment of more than $100,000,000,- owns gas leases totaling 1,234,951 acres, operates 3301 active gas wells in 35 counties of West Virginia, operates 53 compressing stations with a total capacity of 135,625 hp, owns 5509 mi. of pipe line, produces approximately 40,000,000 gal of gasoline and by-products yearly, has 3026 mi. of telephone wire, 27 radio cars, and seven land stations, uses 204 trucks and 128 cars, purchases gas under 391 gas purchase contracts. It employs 2220 people. This aerial view down the voile]' of Fishing Creek shows in foreground the Natural Gasoline Plant. Next, alone the creek is Hastings No. 1 with its 275-ft concrete stack standing as a con spicuous landmark. Farther down the valley is Hastings No. 2. CRIMDEBN00000250 CRIMDEBN00000251 Ea__lcl_ioo_atitl t_u_rib_i_nes driving; jklraftfans, and necte^'together ' ws). j This stor pressor',statibi 4 Anniyersary'^wi in colorful ' p^ntyo^theSlnspectigHgjatjTjompany officials. The Nol'-j^^mp^po^^^whaii just been completely rehuil^w^^^^eq^inent, hew build ings, and new 1andsifcjiping^ Exterior piping showed up in aluminum and interiors of the compressor 1 house, pump house, and electrical plant gleamed in dynamic colors--green, red, and yellow. When the Hope Natural Gas Company was formed in 1898, its trunk line system consisted By 1906 it was necessary to lay another 18-in. line. principally of one 10-in. line which ran from Hast This required the first large increase in size of the ings, to Akron, Ohio. It was one of the first lines Hastings station which involved nine steam-engine- carrying gas in interstate commerce. This line, driven gas compressors rated at 1350 hp each. To which remained in service until 1919, required no furnish steam for these engines, twelve 385-hp gas- compression, as the gas produced was delivered by fired steam boilers were installed. These engines ran natural well pressure. for 40 years when they were tom out to make room By 1902 the "Akron 10-in.'', as it was called, had for the new Hastings station. .' proved so successful that an 18-in. line was laid In 1912 the demands of the market called for an from Hastings station into the city of Cleveland. other 20-in. pipe line from Hastings to Cleveland. As the natural well pressure was not sufficient to A 3350-hp, low-pressure steam turbine was installed carry the gas to Cleveland, a compressing station to drive through reduction gears two reciprocating was built. This was the start of the Hastings station. compressors, the turbine taking steam at one pound The original two 4500-hp twin-tandem gas engines pressure from the exhaust of two of the engines. ran successfully for ten years when they were cut World War I again increased the demand for gas in two to make four single-tandem engines, which and another 20-in. line was laid from Hastings to continued to operate for 43 years, or until replaced Cleveland, four new 415-hp boilers were added, and by newer type engines in our recent program. to conserve gas for sale it was decided to change the A view of the condenser door including three Elliott 2500-sq fie condensers. The three circulating pumps shown at the left are driven by Elliott steam turbines. Right--The water box end of one of the Elliott 2 500-sq 6 condensers with its twin two-stage ejector shown at the left. CRIMDEBN00000252 boiler fuel to coal. For a while coal was obtained on i the Hastings property but later had to be purchased. In 1930 a completely new boiler house was built i containingthree stoker-fired 80,000-lb-per-hrboilers, ! with all necessary boiler auxiliaries. I In 1926 a No. 2 compressor plant was built a ' quarter of a mile away from the No. 1 station. In this plant was installed four 2000-hp steam-engine- driven compressors as well as four 25,000-lb-per-hr steam boilers. The No. 2 plant had its own electric and water supply and was intended to be an inde pendent plant, although discharging gas to the same pipe line system as No. 1 plant. ' , In 1940 a new 100,000 Ib-per-hr powdered coal boiler was installed in No. 1 plant. In 1944 it was decided to supply New York State NaturalGas Company directly fromHastings by lay ing a high-pressure 12-in. pipe line from Hastings to I Clarion County, Pa., a distance of 144 miles. This j line was designed for 1300-psi operating pressure i and two 2000-hp steam-engine compressors were 1 added to the No. 2 plant along with another 80,000- lb-per-hr powdered-coal-fired boiler. In 1946 a new 1300-psi line was laid to-the East Ohio Gas Company. ! Completely new compressor and electric generat- . ing stations at Plant No. 1 have recently been put into operation. Designed by the Company's engi- > neering department, to the exact requirements of { the stations, these plants incorporate excellent equipment, well arranged, and painted in the latest i dynamic color scheme, on the theory that operat ing personnel will be inspired to take best care of such equipment. The No. 1 compressor plant now consists of seven 2000-hp, two 800-hp, and one 500-hp engines, making a total of 16,100 hp. No. 2 plant contains eight 2000-hp engines, making a total compressor capacity of 32,100 hp. To supply- steam for these engines a new 125,000-lb-per-hr boiler was added to the No. 1 plant and an 80,000lb-per-hr boiler to the No. 2 plant. New water cool ing towers were added, additions made to the boiler water treating plant, and many other improvements. - To serve the electrical requirements of both stations a new electric generating plant was built. The ate chosen for it was formerly occupied by the boiler house. The concrete foundations of the old boilers had to be blasted out before construction could begin. The three Elliott 1500-kw turbinegenerator units are supplied with steam at 175 psi from the boiler house approximately 100 ft away. There is a bleeder connection on each turbine to supply low-pressure heating steam when needed. The turbines are served by three Elliott 2500-sq ft condensers and auxiliary equipment. Circulating water pumps are 3000 gpm each and discharge into a header permitting any pump to service any con denser. The electricity which is generated in the plant at 2400 volts, 3 phase, 60 cycles, is distributed at this voltage and, through transformers, at 480 volts, to a load consisting of motor-driven auxiliaries in the boiler house and in both compressor stations, various large motors, such as five 200-hp motors inthe water pumpring house, the motors in the gasoline plant and the lighting load. The generator' building, 78 ft x 44 ft, is of rigid frame construction with brick facing and glazed tile interior up to the second floor window sills, with transite siding above. The building is designed so that it can be extended and an additional tur- I 19 CRIMDEBN00000253 bine-generator unit may be installed when needed. As a part of the same program, the natural gasoline plant on the outlet of the station was com pletely rebuilt. It is now an ultramodern gasoline and petroleum by-products plant, capable of turning out under peak load flows of over 150,000 gal per day of gasoline, butane, propane, and ethane. At the same time, the dehydration plant on the outlet of the gasoline plant was enlarged so that all gas going into the distribution lines is thoroughly dry. It has been necessary to build a complete com munity to house part of the men who run the plant, ' as there is no large town within 20 miles of Hastings. So with the plant itself has grown up a community of about 67 houses, complete with its own water, gas, electric, ice, and sewage systems. Normal oper ations at Hastings regularly require about 175 men. During the recent construction work a camp housed more than 200 employees. The final result of all this expansion program is a station almost completely rebuilt since 1940, with No. 1 plant discharging into the older pipe line system at 400 psi pressure and No. 2 plant dis charging into the new high-pressure line system at 1300 psi. In spite of this increase the new plant has fewer buildings than the old plant and from all angles is more modern and efficient. In the boiler plane are. three Elliott 375,000-lb-perhr deaerating feedwater heaters. These units were installed- at various dines during the expansion of the boiler plant, the latest orie.going in last year., ) 20 CRIMDEBN00000254  The photographs show how an Elliott 100,000Ib-per-hr horizontal deaerating feedwater heater was manipulated in through a window to replace an older heater in the plant of the Western Massachu-, setts Electric Company, Pittsfield, Mass. This company, organized in 1906, operated for a few years as a Diesel plant. In 1910 they installed two boilers and a 750-kw turbine-generator unit. In 1913, a 1000-kw turbine-generator unit was added, and in 1917 a 2500-kw unit and additional steam generating capacity. In 1922, a 5000-kw condensing turbine-generator was added and is still available for service to supplement power genera tion capacity at other stations in the system. The Pittsfield Electric Company combined with other companies in Western Massachusetts in 1923 and became known as the Pittsfield Elec tric Company Division of Western Massachusetts Companies. Later, all divisions were combined into one company, presently known as Western Massachusetts Elec tric Company. While the 5000-kw turbine is only operated during peak load or emergency periods, the station is used for sup plying heating steam to the business section of Pitts field. The Elliott deaerat ing heater, therefore, is constantly in service. CRIMDEBN00000255 # This photograph shows two Elliott 187-kva, 480-volt, 514-rpm, self-ventilated, syn chronous motors coupled to Clark gas engines in the recently completed recycling plant of Plymouth Oil Company at Sinton, Texas. The generators have V-belt driven top-mounted exciters. These units generate the electrical power required by the plant. CRIMDEBN00000256 O Approximately 85,000,000 cu ft daily of casing-head gas is being put to economic use as a result of the recent completion tiy. Shell Oil Co., Inc., of two major projects in the west Texas area. Largest is the new gasoline plant of 45,000,000 cu ft daily capacity serving TXL and Wheeler Fields in Ector and Winkler Counties. The Texas Company is a partner with Shell in this plant. The plant provides the first casing-head gas' outlet for operators Lift--This generating station in the TXL plant of Shell Oil Company in Ector County, Texas, iodades four Elliott <5fkva generators driven by gas engines. The generators are equipped with V-belt driven exciters. Three more exactly similar units will soon be added, making a nice line ofseven. I I I in these fields. It is now connected to about .. 175 wells. The other project is the expansion and addition of new'facilities which , have, doubled the processing capacityofShell's exist ing Wasson-No. 2 plant. The expansion, was accomplished in approximately eight months' construction time. Coltex Corp. is a' partner with Shell in this plant. So reported "The ' Oil and Gas Journal" recently. They also took . these pictures of some of the Elliott gener ators and turbinea on these projects. , : Right--These Elliott turbines are among many in stalled in Shell Oil Company's Wasson No. 2 Plant at Denver City, Texas. The upper photograph shows - ' a line of three geared turbines dririag "jacket.water . ' pumps'* in the compressor room. The photograph at the right shows turbines driving processing pumpsl 23 CRIMDEBN00000257  r Y'" . ..Y;- -. I-* ^ awy-' ** i,A fV <2te a. <k The three Elliott synchronous motors which drive the 25-mgd pumps at Metzger Lake Station are rated 350 hp, 514 rpm, three phase, 60 cycle, 4000 volts. They are suit able for full voltage starting. Thrust bearings are designed to withstand a thrust of 1000 lb, in addition to the normal rotor weight. Motors are equipped with flanged shaft and supplied with baserings. Direct-connected exciters are used. . CRIMDEBN00000258 ! IE...- Showing arrangement of the vertical pumps in the Metzger Lake Station. Since 1832, when a post office was first estab lished in Lima, Ohio, this community has shown steady, persistent growth. Water supply adequate to meet the needs of a growing city has been a prob' Iem and at times supply has lagged behind demand. Serious water shortages, recorded at six different times, have served to spur development of addi tional facilities. The last such occasion occured in January 1945, when, for a period of several weeks the reservoirs were practically empty and a re stricted supply was drawn from industrial wells through emergency connections, and from an abandoned stone quarry which happened to be full of water. The emergency bad arisen as the result of long continued drought, coupled with greatly in creased demand of industries in war production. Outcome of this latest emergency was the con struction of a new storage reservoir and pumping station, practically doubling the existing capacity. Lima obtains its water supply from the Ottawa River, a small stream with very small flow through most of the year, but which carries considerable water in wet seasons. Water is pumped from the river into upground storage reservoirs, and with- drawn therefrom for treatment and distribution as needed. Three principal reservoirs now are in use. The first, Lima Lake, was constructed in 1902 and has a capacity of 430 million gal. The second. Lost Creek Reservoir, holds about 860 million ga]., and dates from 1920. The newest unit was put into service in the fall of 1947. It has been named Metzger Lake in honor of the late William E. Metzger, Jr., a hero of World War II, who was awarded the Congressional-Medal of Honor during the campaign in Italy. Capacity of Metzger Lake is 1200 million gal. Each reservoir is served by a pumping station. The largest of these is, of course, the Metzger Lake Station, built to serve the new reservoir. Metzger Lake Station is equipped with three vertical centrif- . ugal pumps, each with capacity of 25 mgd against a total head of 70 ft, and each driven by an Elliott 3S0-hp synchronous motor. The pumps discharge through individual venturi meters into a 54-in. steel cylinder reinforced con crete force main leading to the reservoir about 3000 ft distant. Pump controls are either manual or automatic in relation to the elevation of water in the pump suction well and the reservoir. Automatic cone valves, in the discharge piping of each pump, open when the pump comes up to speed after start ing, and, through electrical interlocks, close before current to the motor is interrupted on the stopping cycle. Speed of opening and closing is regulated to prevent building up excessive surge pressures. Pumps are protected from entrance of debris by two mechanically cleaned bar screens. Screen rakes may be operated manually, or automatically by time clock, with an over-riding control actuated by head loss through the screen. -' Final tests were conducted on the completed installation in January of this year and the opera tion of the system was found to be entirely satis factory. The 25-mgd Delaval pumps delivered from 26.4 mgd to 30.0 mgd at 66-ft total head. - The rate of pumping provided will .fill the new 1200-mg reservoir in about two weeks, and the three reservoirs are so interconnected that the two older reservoirs may be filled from this new source. Should either of the old pump stations fail during the short period of draw-off from the Ottawa River, .the new pumping station can be used. The complete program was under the supervision of E. E. Smith, superintendent of the Lima Water and Sewerage Departments. Jones and Henry Co., engineers, of Toledo, Ohio, prepared the plans and specifications and supervised the construction: Thij aerial view shows the three reservoirs of the Lima Water Works. LcJ* >o risk*--Metzger Lake, Lost Creek Reservoir, and Lima Lake. New pomp house for Metzger Lake is located near Lima Lake at intersection of road to Metzger Lake. I | I I CRIMDEBN00000259 1 ii New coke ovens at the Lorain, Ohio, works of National Tube Company have boosted output by 800,000 net tons annual capacity, bringing the total capacity of the works to 1,850,000 net tons. The new installation consists of three batteries, each of 59 regenerated ovens, designed for firing with coke oven gas having a calorific value of 500 to 550 Btu per cu ft. Later they may be underfired with blast furnace gas by the installation of suitable auxiliary equipment. Provision has been made for the construction of three additional similar batteries of ovens should conditions warrant. Coke handling equipment consists of a 240-foot wharf, conveyors from the new wharf and two ex isting wharfs to a trunk line conveyor, coke scalp ing, crushing, screening and rail loading facilities, together with car haulage, sized coke surge bins, filling conveyors, motor-operated bin gates for un loading trucks, and motor-operated bin gates for the delivery of furnace and domestic coke to a pro posed conveyor system to the blast furnace bins. Four Elliott turbine-driven exhausters serve the coke ovens at Lorain. These units are rated 29,750 - cfm each, with pressure rise from minus 14 in. of water to plus 81 in. ofwater. Elliott 600-hp turbines ' drive each blower at 5000 rpm. ' The gases generated in the coke ovens are re moved by these centrifugal exhausters which, by automatic governor control, maintain a vacuum of 14 in. of water in the ovens. Discharging at a pres sure of 81 in. water, they force the gas through the by-product recovery plant and into the main gas holder. Steam turbine drive is used in order to obtain best economy for variable load operation. An important advantage of the centrifugal type of exhauster is its ability to remove a good portion of the tar contained in the gas. The tar is thrown out ward by centrifugal force onto the casing and is then drawn off at the bottom. The heat of compression keeps the tar in liquid form. * 26 f CR1MDEBN00000260 # The latest addition to the Diesel generating plant at Grand Haven, Mich., was put into oper ation recently. It marks the sixth Diesel unit in the plant, and the fifth extension since the first two 800-kw units were started in 1931. The plant, with its total of 13,300 installed horsepower, is one of the largest Diesel generating plants in the country. A manufacturing and resort town on Lake Michigan where Grand River enters it, Grand Haven has generated its own power since 1896. The original steam plant grew until it attained 3000-kw capacity in 1928. Increased loads and high production costs led in 1929 to construction of a Diesel power plant. In 1931, two 1140-hp Baldwin DeLaVergne four cycle engines, driving Elliott 800-kw generators, ! . were installed, followed three years later by a third unit, exactly duplicating the first two units. In 1937 the building was extended and a 2250-hp Nordberg two-cycle Diesel driving a 1600-kw Elliott genera tor was added. In 1941 a Nordberg two-cycle, 2715 kw engine-generator was placed in the building. All this time the boiler plant with the 3000-kw of turbine capacity had been maintained as a stand by, since firm capacity of the Diesel units (full load with largest unit out) was inadequate to meet peak demand. When one Diesel was out for inspection or overhauling, steam plant boilers were held on bank. This was expensive in fuel and also labor,'as Diesel operators cannot readily attend the steam plant. In 1946 an exhaustive study was made of the problem of meeting current and future loads. So another addition was made to the station building large enough to house two more units of the same size and type as the fifth unit, installed in 1941. The riew unit is a Nordberg 21J^ x 31 in., 225-rpm, air injection, two-cycle Nordberg engine, direct-connected to an Elliott 3390-kva, 7200 volt, 3-phase, 60-cycle generator. The Grand Haven power system's own organi zation handled all engineering and construction of the recent extension. . . In the foreground is the new Elliott 2715-kw generator with belted exciter. Immediately behind this new unit are the three Elliott 800-kw generators serving engines instal led in 1931' and 1934. In the extreme background, not shown in the picture, is another Elliott 1600-kw generator. CRIMDEBN00000261  Last summer, the twelfth beet sugar factory of the Holly Sugar Corporation, second largest beet sugar producer in the United States, went into operation in the Imperial Valley in southernmost California. This new plant was of such interest to the industry that the magazine "Sugar," in its September issue, carried a nine-page feature article on it, the article being illustrated with 35 photo graphs. The plant was also featured on the front cover of this magazine. The fine new factory, with a rated daily slicing capacity of 2700 tons of beets, actually reached slightly in excess of 3000 tons, resulting in a daily sugar production of 800,000 lb, has been named in honor of the late A. E. Carlton, formerly president of the Holly Sugar Corporation. The location of the plant in the Imperial Valley gives rise to problems and advantages not found elsewhere in the world. Carlton is the only beet sugar factory in the world to be located below sea level. In fact, the lettering "Sea Level" is carried about 90 ft up on the exterior of the bulk sugar storage bins where they face U. S. Highway 99. The Imperial Valley is proving one of the most fertile and profitable agricultural areas in the United States. With a total rainfall in 1947 of only 0.87 in., the valley depends entirely on irrigation water supplied from the Colorado River by means of the Imperial Dam and the All-American Canal. Some 370,000 acres are now under cultivation for all crops. Growers under contract to Holly had 29,000 acres of beets this year, and Carlton sliced beets from over 12,000 of these acres. The Imperial Valley is the bed of the ancient Lake Coahuila, which was fed by the mud-laden waters of the Colorado River. The lake slowly decreased in size until it disappeared. Today, how ever, the shore line of old Lake Coahuila is still visible at several different locations along the edge of the valley. The Salton Sea was formed by a flood of the Colorado River in 1906. The New River was also formed at that time, in addition to the existing Alamo River. Bed rock is covered by an enormous layer- of silt and sand, which in some places is 2000 ft thick. The valley is seismically active, earth tremors are not uncommon, and at least fourteen faults extend through the valley--two of them within a mile of the factory. So "earthquake" con struction, in conformity with the. Pacific Coast Uniform Building Code, was used in the plant's con struction. Concrete piling was used under all loaded CRIMDEBN00000262 1 The Elliott turbine-driven single-stage blower which handles kiln gas for carbonation. The blower is rated 5540 cfm and compresses from minus 2 psig to plus 7 psig. The 285-hp turbine operates at 12,500 rpm oo 400 psig, 5 7 5 F steam. The turbine exhausts at 50 psig to evaporators. parts of the factory--more than 1500 pies were driven in all, to a depth of 50 feet. ' The factory buildings have an elaborate air cool ing and ventilating system--330,000 cfm of water- washed air are circulated through the plant for cooling. The low humidity in the valley - allows sufficient temperature drop with such a system so that the temperature within the factory is quite moderate. Heavy insulation on all hot juice and steam lines and hot equipment reduces radiation. Steam at the Carlton plant is generated at 410 psi, 575 F in a single oil-fired boiler! This boiler has a rating of 150,000 lb steam per hour continuously, or 180,000 lb per hour for a four-hour period. At 3,000 tons per day slicing rate, steam requirements are 146,000 lb per hr. Stack gases are used to partially dry the pulp in the pulp dryer. All high- pressure steam is confined to the power house. Steam used for exhaust make-up is reduced to 100 psi and desuperheated, and evaporator vapors only are used for process heating and boiling. A 3000-kw turbine-generator has sufficient reserve capacity for future process installations. As in all beet sugar plants, purification of the raw juice is accomplished in a carbonation tank where m-".k of lime is added. The lime is prepared by burn ing lime rock and coke in a lime kiln which also produces carbon dioxide gas, which is bubbled through the mixture in order to make the lime in soluble. An Elliott turbine-driven, single-stage centrifugal blower is used to create the draft through the lime lain and to pump the carbon dioxide gas to the carbonation tanks. For this service a high-speed blower is particularly adapted. The plant was designed by the engineering de-. partment of the Holly Sugar Corporation, and . was completely constructed under its supervision. This sketch plan of the new Carlton Factory shows the extensiveness of the operation. This extraordinary plant is located five miles south ofBrawley on U.S. High way 99, which is shown at the bottom of this sketch. The factory is surrounded by fields of sugar beets. . I CRIMDEBN00000263  The plant of Mrs. Tucker's Foods Inc., at Sherman, Texas, produces high-grade, uniform quality margarine and vegetable shortening under rigid standards of purity and quality. The motherly face of the company's trade-mark "Mrs. Tucker'' is known throughout the Midwestern and South western states where its Meadolake margarine and Mrs. Tucker's shortening are distributed. There is a never-ending routine of testing, in specting and process-controlling in this modern plant. From the time the crude vegetable oil, either cotton seed or soybean, flows from the tank cars, until the products are packaged, there is relentless watchfulness at every step of the process. The oil arrives in tank cars. It is first treated The purpose of deodorization is to remove objec tionable odors, improve the keeping qualities of the oil, and lighten its natural color. Deodorization is made possible by the fact that neutral fat cannot be vaporized to any appreciable extent, but com ponents of oil which impart flavor and odor can be changed into vapors under high temperature and low absolute pressure, and can be removed from the oils as gases. Steam Sowing through the oil acts as a carrier to sweep vapors from the oil; it also ab sorbs part of the low absolute pressure, so that the absolute pressure of the oil vapor is lowered. for deodorizing Margarine and Shortening with an alkali to neutralize any undesirable natural adds that may be present. These adds are removed in the form of crude soap. The color of the oil is then lightened by contact with, a natural clay which absorb? the coloring matter. Hydrogenation then changes the liquid oil to a semisolid which is necessary to produce the finished product. Appropriate mixing is necessary after hardening in order to control firmness. Deodorization is the final step before packaging. This removes any ob jectionable flavor of the vegetable oils and leaves a bland product. At this point the fat is ready for chilling and packaging in the form of shortening or is mixed with milk solids and other ingredients for use as margarine. Both margarine and shortening are quickly chilled in refrigerating devices' similar to ice cream freezers and then packaged in sanitary containers. Margarine is at least 80 per cent fat and about 20 per cent milk solids, salt, and other ingredients. Shortening is 100 per cent fat. A battery of three Elliott boosters (or first ejector stages) which serve the deodorizers la the plant of Mrs. Tucker's Foods, Inc., Sherman, Texas. The boosters are connected to a manifold through shut-off valves. The second and third ejector stages may be seen at the lower right. preventing vapors returning to the liquid phase. In the deodorization process the oil is heated to a high temperature to promote active vaporization of the components which cause unpleasant odors and flavors. Low absolute pressure works with high temperature in this process. The heating is ac complished by circulating the heated vapors of a chemical known as "Dowthenn" through closed coils that are in contact with the oil in the still. Elliott three-stage ejectors maintain the low absolute pressure required for the deodorization process. These ejectors handle both the undesirable oil vapors flashed from the oil and the steam ad mitted to the deodorizer. These gases are handled at around 4S0 F without the slightest difficulty. 30 CRIMDEBN00000264 "What's wrong with everybody?" "Oh nothing except you've got your overalls on backwards!" The origin of the saying, "Oh, yeah," has been attributed to an unbelieving bridegroom who upon hearing his bride say, "Now I lay me down to sleep," said to himself: "Oh, yeah l*v * If you do not have the capacity for happiness with a little money, great wealth will not bring it to you. * * First Kangaroo; "Annabelle, where's the baby?" Second Kangaroo; "My goodness, I've had my pocket picked." * New Nursery Rhyme: Mary had a little wolf and fleeced him white as snow.. * * Some folks have no respect for age unless it's bottled. "That girl frankly admits she is look ing for a husband." "So am I." "Why, I thought you had one!" "So I have, and I spend most of my time looking for him." '* "I'm going to get a divorce. My wife hasn't spoken to me in six months." "Better think it over. Wives like that are hard to And." * * Littlo Oirl: "What happens to Santa Claus after be hands out all the presents, sis?" ' Big Sister: He's left holding the bag I" . * He: "Will you have breakfast with me tomorrow morning?" She: "Sure." * He: "Shall I phone you or nudge you?" How to Cook a Turkey. "Prepare turkey in usual way, place one bottle good bourbon on kitchen table near stove. Take a drink each time you baste turkey. With this method you never forget to baste, so turkey is tender." * Car/; "Don't do any more Christmas shopping today, dear." His Wife: "Why not?" Car/; "I can't carry any more bundles." Wife: "Oh, is that all? I was afraid you were going to say you had no more money." * ...Good will, like a good name, is won by many acts and may be lost by one. You save a lot of unnecessary conversation if you remember that people aren't going to take your, advice unless you are a lawyer or a doctor, and charge them for it. The man bad just bought a cigar in a department store and started to light it. "Don't you notice the sign?" asked the sales girl. "Whatl" exploded the customer. "You sell cigars in here but you prohibit smoking?" The sales girl smiled sweetly: "We also sell bath towels." ...The man who found a valuable pearl in his oysters in a night club the other evening almost broke even. A lot of guys believe in law and order as long as they can lay down the law and give the orders. 1 "Certainly we need that new equip ment--but this is a hell of a way to decide if we get it or notlf* The farmer had made his regular annual trip to town to do his Christmas shop ping and was hurrying with his arms full of bundles toward the station to catch his train. Stumbling over a curb, a bottle in' a brown paper bag slipped from his arm and splintered on the sidewalk. Surveying the large area rue fully, he gave a heartbroken sigh and moaned: "Look at that! Christinas has done come and gone for me this year I" Marybelle: What did you get in your stocking for Christinas? ' Susie: Nothing but a runner. ...Marybelle: Well, what did you expect --a pole vaulter? ...A modest girl never pursues a man. Nor does a mousetrap pursue a mouse. Prospective Roomer: The window is very mall. It wouldn't be much good in an emergency. Landlady: There ain't gonna be none, mister. My terms are cash in advance. A human being is a chap who'll split ...his sides over the family album and then look in the mirror without crack ing a smile. To keep young, associate much with ...young people. To get old in a burry, try keeping up with them. Wife: Is it tine that money talks? Husband: That's what they say, my dear. ...Wife: Well, I wish you'd leave a tittle here to talk to me during the day. I get so lonely. ...Judge (to defendant): You are lying so clumsily that I would advise you to get a lawyer. Pedestrian to newsboy: "Son, can 'you direct me to the nearest bank?" Newsboy; "Yes, sir, for a quarter." Pedestrian: "Isn't that high pay, my boy?" Newsboy: "No sir, not for a bank director." 31 CRIMDEBN00000265 ELLOOTT COMPANY MAKES PRIME MOVERS Steam and Gas Turbines--Turbine-Generator Units ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Generators (all types, A. C and D. C.)--Motors (Synchronous, Induc tion, D. C.)--Motor-Generators--Electromagnetic Slip Couplings HEAT TRANSFER APPARATUS Condeosers and Ejectors--Deaerators and Deaerating Heaters--Open . Type Feedwater Heaters INDUSTRIAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT Centrifugal Blowers--Steam Jet Ejectors-r-Gondensing Equipment-- .. Oxygen Plants' POWER PLANT ACCESSORIES - Strainers (Twin, Single, Oil, Self-Cleaning)--Filters and Grease Ex . tractors - CENTRIFUGAL BLOWERS, COMPRESSORS Air Blowers--Gas Boosters and Exhausters--Blowers sad Expanders for ' AND EXPANDERS Proce" 1 SUPERCHARGERS FOR DIESEL ENGINES Elliott-Bucbi Turbochargers for Four-Cycle Engines--Centrifugal Type - Superchargers TUBE CLEANERS Cleaners for Tubes in Boilers, Oil Stills, Condensers; for Pipe, etc. DESCRIPTIVE BULLETINS OF ANY OF THESE PRODUCTS WILL GLADLY BE SENT UPON REQUEST THESE ARE OR DISTRICT AM' SRAMCH OFFICES Atlanta 2....... .310 Haas-HoweH Building .Boston 10....*..........73 Federal Street : Buffalo a:..........V.. ... .807 Crortar Building Chicago 6......................... JON. Wadeer Drive QnHnnstrT...... ...1412Enquirer Cleveland . 1339 Guardian parol................................1931 BWte Detroit 26...............1830 Dime Bank Houston 3......................*.713 _ Kansas City 6.:.. .',,.805 Midland Building * Us Angeles 15. .714 W. Olympic Boulevard MhmeapoHsr 3. .... -.*.831) PBlabnry Building NeW^York 7-------V......................33$ Broadway Philadelphia 3..\. 801 Morris *"* Brttsburgh 19.-..........., f . .718 Frick .San Francisco 4................. 1304 Rubs * St Louis 3.... a............... 1331 Locust Street ' <Seatde-t!... .1101 Vance Building * Tulsa 3. 1 .*..616 McBcrney BuSdmg, . Washington 3* D.C,. . ..1117 Tower Building WBndngton 7 J*... .Industrial Trust Building t Montreal. Que..F^ S'. B. Heward 8 Ox. Ltd. ' * New Birks Bufidtag . ' Toronto-5, Out... F.S.B.J3ewaid8i Co.. Ltd. .. M . * . , < 8 Bedford Road . '.Havana,Cuba. ..'...Cenpans Impcrtadcra '. SfcOtoa. S.A^ No. 7 . Mcriro. .Tecnica yEmripoe, SK,. ,t . . Monterrey 101,Cuarto Rso tSap Juan, Porto Rico:........................Abarca ._ Warchooses Carp., P.O. Bax 3333 '. Bafenct Aires, Argentina. .Mechanical Worts. * Engineering Co* Avcnida 'Julio A. Roca 719: Rfo-de Janeiro. BnuriLSK....................AJLG. Campania Sul-Americana'de Etectriddade Avenida Rio Branco 45-49 .SaoPaido l,Bndl.............AKA. Compansa . Sul-Americana de Electrieidade, Rua - ' . PToremdo.de Afareu, 484 Santiago^Chile, 8>A...Campania y CoMffiaeidSaHHech>rinTdtSA,Cadli3117 China and Siam. .Wah Chang Trading Conx < . .Wodworth Building, New York 7 ' . M.mtabtlfta ^wtrh wfflwt Jjj ShantAs^ , ELLIOTT COMF1 RIDGWAY, PA. Division JEANNETTE, PA. Headquarters P Main Works NEWARK, N.J. Roto Division Motors, Generators A Turbines, Blowers, Heat Transfer . Electrical Machinery Equipment, Turbochargers, Accessories Tube Cleaners SPRINGFIELD^O. La&onda Division Tube Cleaners Printed in UJLA. CRIMDEBN00000266