Document po5jvmgpLgoMrO2ZV56LMaRE

ATI-63 MINUTES of tho Mooting of the Technical Committee hold Sept.' 14, 1951, at'the Warwick Hotel, n Philadelphia, Pa. Ill ATTENDANCE: J. M. Beaver, Chairman RAYBESTOS-MANHATTAN, INC. KEASBEY & MATTISON CO. C. R. Frederick C. R. Hutchcroft JOHNS-MANVILLE CORP. J. L. Tucker AMERICAN ASBEGT05 TEXTILE CORP. E. C. Cutler SOUTHERN ASBESTOS CO. J. D. MeCluer RUTGERS UNIVERSITY M. C. Shaw 1, The Chairman called tho meeting to order and asked the Secretary to roo.d the Minutes of the last meeting held June 7, 1951. There being no additions to tho Minutes as read they were unanimously approved. 2. The first subject presented for discussion concerned specifica tions for thickness of asbestos cloths. No action covering such specifications have as yet been officially considered by this r' committee, however, due to'some apparent inconsistencies in pub lished data in this regard, it was felt that a review of this subject was now in order. Following a discussion covering the information at hand it was agreed that more complete data would be necessary for study before action and possible recommendations could bo considered. It was therefore moved by C. R. Frederick that "each member company shall prepare and have ready for the next meeting a complete tabulation of all, or as many cloths as possible, as they come from the loom and. after calendering." ` This motion was seconded by E. C. Cutler and unanimously approved. 3. The next item on the agenda was a report by the Fellow concerning the status of the Fellowship report on the Abradoflox that has been in prcpa.ration for publication in the A.S.T.M. Bulletin. The Fellow reported that tho article has been rewritten in accord ance with tho instructions of the Technical Committee and is now in the hands of the Editor of the Bulletin for review. 4. The next subject to come before the meeting concerned specifica tions for braided tubing. The Secretary submitted a tabulation of all of the construction data on braided tubing as received from 1) Johns-Manvillc Corp., 2) Southern Asbestos Co., 3) Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc., 4) Koasbey & Mattison Co. Following a discussion of the tabulation it was agreed that each member w'ould thoroughly review' all of the data and confer with the manu r\ facturing department of his company to ascertain their views on the subject. The subject w'ill be considered again at the next, meeting of this committee w'ith a vicwr toward establishing speci fications for these materials. MT-002425 produced JW-83 MS 003021 ATI-63 Also included in this discussion was a review of the methods used for determining weight, length and v/all thickness of braided tubing. The Fellow submitted a proposed method for making these determinations and the discussion which followed, covering this proposal, indicated that there was a vide range of views regard ing this subject. It was agreed therefore that 1) each member would report at the next meeting regarding his company's recom mended method for making these determinations and 2) the Secre tary will obtain 25 yards each of three different sizes of braided tubing and will submit 3 yards of each to each member company for the determination of weight, length and wall thickness by their recommended practice, the results to be reported at the next meeting. The next subject on the agenda concerned aluminum foil clad asbestos cloth. The Fcllov/ reported'that arrangements have been completed with Shcllmar Products Co., Mt. Vernon, Ohio to process a 12 yard sample of Commercial Grade cloth in accordance with present ideas concerning such a construction. To date, there has been no report from this convertor and it was agreed that further consideration should be deferred until this information beeomcs available. The next subject for discussion concerned the request for infor-' mation received from A. Wayne Bitner, Pennsylvania State College, in regard to the use of asbestos textiles in the construction of portable fireproof substa.tions for coal nines. In view of the critically short supply of asbestos textiles for established es sential uses it was unanimously agreed that in the interest of national defense it would be impractical to consider such appli cations at this time. The final discussion of the meeting'concerned Federal Specifica tion I.IIL-C-10316 (ORD) dated May 24, 1950--Asbestos Textiles for Transportation Equipment. There appeared to bo some very appar ent errors in these specifications and it was agreed that the Chairman should investigate this matter in more detail in pre paration for a further discussion of the subject at the next meeting of this Committee. There being no further business to come before this session, it was unanimously agreed that the meeting be adjourned. Myril C. Chav, Secretary MT-002426 produced JM - 83 MS 003022 HEAT AGING TESTS FOR ASBESTOS TEXTILES ATI-63 r INTRODUCTION The so-called "Heat Aging Tests" as presented in the Specifica tions of A.S.T.M., the Navy Department and v/estinghouse Electric manufacturing Corp., have been found to be inadequate as test methods for evaluating the thermal degradation characteristics of asbestos textiles. In Fellowship Reports No, 11 and No. 12 we endeavored to point out the reasons for some of the inconsistencies in results which may be obtained, chiefly as a result of variations in the inter pretations of the techniques which are to be followed in conducting such tests. Among other things, it was established that the pre scribed time duration of 5 minutes for such tests is in the range of extreme criticalness as regards the degradation of the organic por tion of such textiles and it was recommended that a longer period be observed to overcome the possible errors introduced by this factor. At a meeting of the Technical Committee held on November 30, 1949, a further discussion of this matter was pursued and representatives of Keasbey & Mattison Co., and Johns-Hanville Corp. reported upon work carried out in their respective laboratories in connection with this test. Keasbey & Mattison Co. summarised their 1 vork as follows: The tensile strength before heating or air dry gave us an n average tensile of 75.1 pounds, range 05 pounds to 62 pounds and standard deviation of 4,07 pounds for the 35 specimens tested. The old method of heat treatment (five minutes) before tensile testing gave us an average of 43.2 pounds, range 62 pounds to 31 pounds, standard deviation 6.72 pounds, for the 35 specimens tested. Tentative Method "b", using a ladder-like frame holder and heating the specimens for twenty minutes before testing gave us an average tensile of 32.3 pounds, range 49 pounds to 24 pounds, standard de viation Method M5o.57 pounds using a for the 35 specimens tested. Tentative wire screen holder and heating the specimens for twenty minutes, gave us an average tensile of 31 pounds, range 44 pounds to 27 pounds, standard devia tion of 3.75 pounds for the 35 specimens tested. There is little or no significant difference between the average tensile of the two tentative methods, but there is a great difference between either tentative method and tho old five minute method of heat treatment. There is a drop in tensile of 25 per cent to 30 percent between the five minute method and the two tentative methods. The standard deviation of the tentative method using tho wire screen holder was much lower than the other tentative method, so this indicates that the wire screen holder method is the bettor of the two tentative methods. n The tentative method using the wire screen holder was de finitely the best of tho methods studied during this ex periment. Tho samples were much easier to prepare, the MT -002427 PRODUCED JM - 83 NIS 003023 2- - ATI-63 range and the standard deviation were smaller. It is recommended that further tests be made on like cloths and other typos and grades of cloth using this method of heat treatment," Johns-Manvilie Corp, representatives reported a finding which heretofore had apparently gone unrecognized but appears to be quite significant. In their work it was found impossible to maintain a constant temperature of 300 C during the course of a test and the extent of deviation was so groat as to present an intolerable varia tion in results. The possible reasons for this temperature varia tion were discussed by the Committee and it was suggested that a check of this condition be made in the furnaces of the several laboratories in an effort to establish more information in this connection. In light of all of the facts at hand following tho last meet ing of the Technical Committee, tho Fellow again approached tho problem with a view toward (1) chocking the findings of the various laboratories as reported to date and (2) developing a skeleton form around which a suitable set of specifications for the subject test might be drawn. It has been obvious from the outset that tho method of deploy ing the samples while under test is quite important and unless this part of the procedure is carefully standardized it may contribute markedly to the attainment of inconsistent results. This considera tion motivated one of our most recent developments and in a later section of this report a simple device for mounting the test speci mens is described* The question of tho most suitable type of furnace and control ling mechanism wherein such tests are to be carried out is important not only from the standpoint of providing suitable, standard condi tions for the test but also from the standpoint of economic practi cability. It will probably bo quite difficult, if indeed possible, to prescribe a standard furnace set up and hope to have everyone rigidly adhere to these specifications. It would be more advisable, if possible, to prescribe limits of temperature and atmosphere con trol which must be maintained; permitting each operator to develop his own method and technique within his available equipment, whereby tho above prescribed conditions may bo met. With this thought in mind, we have made several exploratory runs in our furnace and have developed a set of conditions which we fool night servo to provide tho basis for a reasonably reproduceable specification. EXPSRIHEHTAL WORK Specimen Holder Tho proper method of deploying tho samples within the furnaco during the heat aging test has received a considerable amount of attention from all who have been confronted with this tost. The most desirable method is, of course, the most convenient method and the degree of convenience is usually different for each operator. Therefore, there are probably as many methods of handling this PRODUCED MT-002428 JM - 83 MS 003024 ATI-63 -3- problem as there are technicians conducting the test. It has been established that variations in the methods employed may contribute to erroneous results and in view of this fact, some standardization of this step must be effected if such inconsistencies are to bo rcducod. To this end we have constructed and used in all of the work included in this report a frame which is simple in design, light in weight, easily handled and quickly loaded and unloaded. Drawings of this frarao are shown in Figures 1 & 2. It .is constructed of 3/32" drill rod bent and welded into the shape as shown. A front section, consisting of an L-shapod piece of galvanised iron with four l/O" holes is so disposed to accommodate the four extending pins and it serves as a support for tho front part of the frame. In assembling the unit, a jig is used which punches four holes in the five cloth specimens to bo tested, the holes being at tho corners 3/4" from tho ends In the 6" direction and l/2" from the sides in the 4" direction. Tho cloths so punched arc slipped onto the rods and are spaced 9/16" apart with ceramic spacers separating each cloth from the adjacent one. Dummy cloths are placed in the first and seventh positions and cloths under tost are placed in tho remaining positions. The entire unit may bo easily slipped into and removed from any suitable furnace muffle. The cost of the materials for ouch a frame is around 50 cents and the labor involved is not too extensive. Therefore, if tho Technical Committee should approve of such a unit and the Institute will underwrite the expense involved, we will bo glad to supply such frames to everyone interested in conducting those tests. Such a procedure might well serva as an initial stop in tho stand ardization of the tost technique. Investigation of Furnace Conditions In light of tho reported findings of the Johns-Manvillo Corp, representatives regarding temperature variations within a furnace during heat aging tests, it was deemed advisable to investigate this characteristic in our furnace. Tho pertinent data covering our furnace is as follows: Thermo Electric Co. Dubuque, Iowa, U.S.A. Toraco Electric Furnace Volts-115 AC Amps-22 Model-OFES Serial Do. 519 Dimensions-- Outside--Height--24" Width--10" Depths--14g" Muffle---Height-- 5" Width----- 6" Depth---10" MT-002429 The temperature measurements arc made through the use of a base metal (chronol-alunel) thermocouple which extends 2y" through tho roar of tho muffle, 3" from each side and 1" from the top. JW - 83 MS 003025 ATI-63 9^ * \ 09376 Drill Rod 9" SPECIMEN SUPPORTING FRAME FRAME FRONT PIECE SPECIMEN HOLE JIG FIGURE I MT-002430 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003026 ATI-63 CE R AMIC SUPPORTING FRAME ASSEMBLY FIGURE 2 MT-002431 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003027 ATI-63 -6- Past experience with this furnace has 3hown that at least one hour is required to attain constant temperature conditions at 300C, That is, after one hour and with a setting of 15$ on the Tomcontrol, the heat input is equal to the heat loss and a constant temperature of 300C can bo maintained indefinitely within the muffle. It was on this basis that all work previously reported, in connection with the heat aging test, was conducted. However, no observations wero made at that time in reforonco to tho temperature variations during the test. It is logical to assume that the introduction of an object at atmospheric temperature into tho chamber of a warm furnace would tend to reduce tho chamber temperature to an extent dependent upon tho mass and temperature of tho object. Likewise, it nay be expected that, providing the object is inert at the temperatures under con sideration, equilibrium will again bo attained after a period of time sufficient to permit the object to become thermally stabilized and after this period relatively constant temperatures nay be maintained. However, in tho tests here being conducted a sot of conditions prevail which do not fulfill tho above conditions and the resulting disturbance is so marked that some recognition of its existanco should bo considered in the development of tho most satisfactory test procedure for the subject test, (a) Effect of organic combustion. In this work, wo are intro ducing into our furnace at 30CC., asbestos cloths plus tho neces sary supporting frame, at some temperature around 25C, This introduction causes an immediate temperature drop within tho muffle duo to l) loss of hoat through tho open door at the time of intro duction, 2) the absorption of hoat by the cooler additions, and 3) tho absorption of heat in tho endothermic drying operation. Figure #3 presents two curves which illustrates the extent of temperature variations which woro encountered during two tests on typical Under writers cloths. Both tests were started with tho furnace temperature stabilized at 3000, however, in the case of curve $1 tho furnace control was maintained throughout the test at a setting of 15$ which under normal conditions would, maintain a constant temperature of 300C indefinitely. In the' case of curve #2 tho power was shut off at the beginning of the tost period and remained off throughout the tost. The initial rate of cooling within tho muffle is quite rapid on both cases and continues for about one minute with a temporaturo drop of 50C. After one ninuto tho temperature within the muffle begins to rise and, in the toot with tho power on, tho rise continues for ten minutes reaching a maximum temperature of approximately 325C, After this point there is a gradual decline in temperature until at approximately tho 50 minute nark equilibrium is established at 300C. However, in tho test wherein the power was not utilized the initial loss and point of regain are tho same as in the first curve but tho ensuing rate of temperature rise is less stoop and much less exten sive, with a maximum temperature of 275C being realised at tho 6 minute nark, constancy is maintained for an additional five minute and then a decline to 225C is roachod in approximately 30 ninutoa. The apparent reason for the noticeable increase in temperature after MT-002432 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003028 t. ih o H u ' ft.' 5 ; x' sS IT to 3HflVH3;dW3i MS 003029 PRODUCED JM - 83 ATI-63 n the initial loss rests in tho fact that after ono minute tho organic portion of tho cloths begins to burn with tho rato and extent of ignition increasing for approximately eight minutes. During this period the temperature within tho muffle increases markedly as a result of this ignition. After tho organic portion has been elim inated through combustion the inherent heating characteristic of the furnace arc again exerted and constancy of muffle temperatures nay be controlled through the proper furnace adjustments. However., during the period when tho combustion of the organic materials is progressing, temperature control and constancy maintenance through furnace controlling mechanisms is difficult and is variably dependent upon the amount and typo of organic materials being handled. (b) Effect of procedural disturbances. In addition to the dis turbance incited by the combustion of the organic portions of the cloths under tost, certain procedural manipulations may also con tribute to the unrest and in Figure 4 a sot of curves are presented which show the tino-tenporaturo relationship within our furnace under throe sots of conditions, illustrating tho extent to which . various operational disturbances influence temperature stability. These tests were conducted with no power input during the period of tost. In the case of curve A the door of an empty furnace, which had been stabilized at 300C, was opened for exactly 5 seconds and then the door was immediately closed. Curve B illustrates tho extent of disturbance resulting from tho insertion of the empty cloth frame into tho muffle. Curve C shows tho temperature changes resulting from the introduction of the cloth frame properly and fully assembled. It will be observed that tho immediate effect of opening the furnace door for 5 seconds (the time necessary to load the furnace) is a 5 drop in temperature and this is realized in 15 seconds. By the tine 30 seconds have elapsed the original tem perature has nearly boon regained. Tho introduction of the empty frame has no tendency to effect these first results however after li? minutes the heat absorption by tho frame does begin to influence the muffle temperature and the rate of temperature drop becomes more rapid. However, the introduction of the loaded franc into the furnace markedly changes the character of the resulting timo- tonporaturo curve with a progressive drop in temperature for the first minute to tho extent of 50C. After this point, tho combus tion of tho organic materials incites a temperature rise for approxi mately seven minutes with an increase of approximately 35C and this temperature is maintained for an additional four minutes before a permanent decline is evidenced. (c) Cloth temperature vs furnace temperature. In an effort to determine tho extent of temperature development during the combus tion of the organic portion of those cloths a series of tests were carried out with a thermocouple in contact with the middle or number 3 test cloth in a fully assembled test frame. Curve3 in Figure 5 show the results of one of those tests. In this test tho temperature of the furnace was measured in the usual manner with a thermocouple extending through the roar of the furnace and a second thermocouple was inserted through the 3/0" peep hole in tho door and extending on through l/4" holes in tho first two tost cloths so that tho thermocouple junction contacted the third or MT-002434 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003030 IMS 003031 MS 003032 ATI-63 -11- middle tost specimen. The power wan off for the duration of this test. It can be seen that the cloth temperature increases rapidly for the first 3 minutes and then begins to decrease in temperature at a moderate rate. The furnace temperature also increases for the first seven minutes and then attains constancy for a 5 minute period before a decline is noted. Both the cloth and furnace decrease in temperature from this point and.approach equality in about 25 minutes, (d) Constant temperature control. Since the specifications, as presently written, established 300^0 as the temperature at which this test is to be carried out the next phase of this investigation was devoted to the determination of ways and moans of satisfying this requirement. It is apparent from the proceeding discussions that during the first 5 to 7 minutes of those tests temperature changes occur which are, for the most part, beyond control by furnace adjustments or manipulation. However, since the temperature changes cover a range below 300C the resultant effect on the cloth pooportico is not particularly deleterious. Therefore, it was felt that the early \ period effects should be permitted to run their normal course without' interference or control. Following this period, the necessary con trols may be applied to establish and maintain a constant temperature for some proscribed period of timo. Figure 6 shows a series of representative tino-tenporaturo curves for full scale tests under varying conditions of initial tem perature and control. In these tests the assembled franc with fivo test cloths and two shielding cloths was subjected to the treatment. Curves 1 and 2 represent treatments started at 300C, with #1 having a power input throughout tho tost and 2 having no power input during the tost. Curve #3 represents a treatment with a starting temperature of 325 C and with no power input during the test. Curve f4 represents a treatment with a starting temperature of 310C, with no powor input during tho tost. Curve #5 represents the end product of this phase of the work and shows the characteristic curve of a treatment started at 305C, with no powor on for tho first 10 minutes but with 15$ powor input after tho ton minute nark. It will bo noted that this last curve shows constant temperature maintenance after the seven minute mark. Also included with those curvos aro tensile strength values (in parenthesis) for tho cloths tested after a 30 minute duration. It will bo observed that tho highest strength values were obtained in tho tost started at 300C and run throughout without additional boat. The next highest value was obtained by tho technique which maintains a constant temperature of 300C throughout the final stages of tho tost. Tho lowest values wore obtained for thoso cloths subjected to tho highest initial and subsequently higher regain temperatures oven though no powor input was used at any tine during the tests, MT-002437 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003033 y~n u o z X7 n jSS MS 003034 3iotheS ATI-63 -13- SULIMARY n As a result of tho tests conducted in the work hero reported still further evidence is available upon which to base a condemnation of tho tirao-tonporaturo relationship proscribed in tho subject specifications. It is quite possible that furnaces having different internal and external dimensions and possessing different electrical characteristics than tho ono here used will yield results somewhat different than those reported in this work. However, if tho start ing temperature and temperatures of final stabilization aro dupli cated the results should be well within tolerable limits. It does not soon likely that under any set of conditions tho early period degradation characteristics of tho asbestos textiles will bo markedly altered. During this early period which continues from the start to approximately tho seven minute nark, the ignition and combustion of tho organic portion of the cloth markedly contributes to the tem perature attainments with tho muffle. This contribution is a function of tho typo and amount of organic material present. In light of this observation, therefore, it is quite understandable why oxtonsivo variations in results nay bo found when such tests are concluded aftor a five minute, duration, as proscribed in tho specifications. On tho basis of our findings wo have developed a technique which might well serve as a starting point for tho establishment of a test procedure that could bo adapted to tho subject specifications. n The procedural stops arc as follows: 1, Stabilize furnace temperature at 305C, (Our furnace re quires at least one hour of operation before constant temperature control is possible. Each furnace will have its own characteristics in this respect), 2, Test five specimens of cloth 6"x4n mounted in am approved manner, 3, In loading tho furnaco the door shall not be opened for more than 3 seconds, 4, Turn off current immediately after placing test specimens in furnaco at the start of the test, 5, If the tine of duration for the tost is longer than 1C minutes turn power on at 15/j at the 11 mi nut o nark, Y/hen the above procedure io followed the tino-tonperaturo characteristics as shown by curve #5 in Figure 5 will be obtained. The early period reactions aro permitted to proceed as they will and temperature stabilisation at 300C is effected and maintained aftor seven minutes for the duration of tho test. Using the procedure outlined above, tests were conducted on throe samples of cloth which wero constructed in accordance with 'Jestinghouse Specification 2060 L (l). The results of those tests arc included in the curves shown in Figure 7. It will be observed that MT-002439 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003035 ATI-63 -15- in nil cases the rnto of loos in tensile strength is extremely rapid during tho first seven minutes and after this tine the rate is markedly diminished. From these results it would scon advisable to conduct ouch tests for a minimum time of fifteen minutes with a twenty minute test period probably being the most desirable. CONCLUSIONS In the work hero roportod tho three main points of interest covered include: 1, The development of a simple supporting frame for holding test samples during heat aging tests, The sample holding frame presented is simple in design and manipulation and effectively disposes the tost samples so that they do not contact oach other dur ing the course of tho test. In addition, tho cloths are so located with respect to each other and so positioned within tho muffle that uniform temperature distribution throughout tho test specimens is assured, 2, Tho establishment of the reasons for and effect of tempera ture disturbing influences encountered furing heat aging tests, Tho ignition and combustion of the organic portions of asbestos textiles markedly contribute to the temperature development within the furnace wherein such cloths are being tested. The extent and rate of such disturbances are a function of (l) tho temperature at which such tests are started, (2) the amount and nature of tho organic materials present and (3) the extent of ventilation and subsequent removal of tho gaseous products of combustion. During tho early stages of those disturbances there is little, if any, possibility of controlling tho rate or extent of temperature rise through furnaco control or manipulation, however tho initial starting temperature may well servo to define the maximum attain ments resulting from those reactions, In addition, if the products of combustion are eliminated or permitted to escape as rapidly as they aro formed, tho effects resulting from the further reduction or cracking of those by-products will bo reduced, 3, The definition of timo-tomporaturo limits for hoat aging teats. On the basis of this work wo havo boon able to establish, for our own equipment, a tost procedure which (1) is reproducoablo in character, (2) docs not exceed a furnaco temperature of 3000 at any tino, and (3) yields tensile strength values that show no varia tions which can be attributed to positioning in tho furnaco. From those observations it nay bo concluded that a satisfactory heat aging tost can bo established only after there is a complete understanding regarding tho thermal excitations necessary to cause tho degradation of tho organic portions of asbestos textiles and, in addition, there is an appreciation of tho reactions which nay result from such destruction. If it is intended that the actual cloth temperatures aro not to oxcood 300C it will bo necessary to start such tests at temperatures low enough to retard the rate - MT-002441 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003037 -16- ATI-63 and extent of ignition so that tho maximum will not be exceeded. However, if the 300C tonporcaturo is to be that of the furnace interior a rate such as wo have established will meet the necessary requirements and the actual cloth temperatures will attain a maxi mum temperature considerably in excess of that of the furnace. The procedure that wo have here proposed would appear to satisfac torily meet tho general requirements of tho test as it is faguely presented in tho subject specifications. However, if a completely satisfactory test method is to bo developed there must bo an understanding between tho consumers and producers of such cloths with regard to the purpose of the test and tho relationship of the conditions of test to actual service conditions. Respectfully submitted, MYRIL C. SHAY/ MT-002442 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003038 ATI-63 weaving Institute Standard cloths for test purposes, conforming with specifications that had been prepared on the assumption that adequate supplies of Rhodesian fiber would be available. The Technical Committee has reviewed the matter and recommends that Projects 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 adopted at the jointmeeting of the Board of Governors and the Technical Committee held July 27, 1950, be continued under modified procedure as follows:- Projects 1 and 2 shall continue as already authorized. , Projects 2y 4 and 5 shall proceed by selecting cloths which are represented in the stock now in the Fellow's laboratory,, comprising Commercial, Underwriters, AA, AAA and AAAA grades, that have been supplied by member companies. The cloths so selected shall be those upon which the Fellow has informa tion pertaining to the details of construction, which informa tion shall be included in the reports of the Fellow. The projects have been restated in the minutes of the Technical Committee meeting held March 19, 1951, included as supplemental to this report. Item III. Three new projects have been proposed. Item III-A -Submitted by J. D. McCluer Southern Asbestos Co. MT-002443 Obtain up-to-date chemical, X-ray, and spectrographic ana lyses of chrysotile. 'Such analyses to include the determina tions for: MgO, SiOP, A1P0~, FeO, Feo0^, CaO, Nap0, KpO, HgO, COg, and ignition loss. In the discussion of this proposal questions were raised on what chrysotile sources shall be included? The various Thetford Mines fibers are similar but not identical from the King, Bell and Johnson mine. Black Lake fiber is harsher and is somewhat different MS 003039 PRODUCED JM -83 ATI-63 -o- in harshness from Vimy Ridge fiber. Ontario chrysotile is quite different from the various quebeo. chrysotiles - and all differ from the chrysotile found in Southern Rhodesia, which produces a number of types. Several types are prospectively available from the Transvaal. Then there are the different types of Arizona chrysotile. California nay become a producer of chrysotile comparable with both Canadian harsh and Canadian soft. The field of choice is very wide, and to be oven moderately instructive this proposed project would require a considerable outlay of money. It was agreed that quota tions covering the cost of evaluations should be obtained before pro ceeding with an outline of the work,, and that the industrial value of the investigations be given careful consideration by members of n the Institute. Item III-B - Submitted by H.. T. Coss ` Johns-Manville Corp, Review the methods for determining magnetic iron content of chrysotile.. Experience has disclosed the unreliability of the General Electric Magnetic Analyzer,, in that different ratings are obtained on the same specimen, dependent upon whether the magnetic particles are well dispersed or concentrated. The Technical Committee believes it is advisable to review the whole subject and to explore new approaches for making such determinations. It was suggested that consultation with specialists on the Rutgers faculty might lead to new methods of attacking the problem. Item III-C -Submitted by C. R. Frederick ' n. Keasbcy cc Llattison Co. MT-002444 Investigate acid degradation tests for asbestos textiles. ^PdODUCEDSome specifications,, specifically one by Consolidated JIB-83 MS 003040 ATI-63 -4- Chicago, roly upon results of such testing, An investigation by the Fellowship nay enlighten the membership regarding the value of the test method and results so obtained. Item IV. Upon conclusion of the discussion of the fellowship activity the Technical Committee adopted a motion which is now placed before the Institute for consideration as follows:- "The fellowship program as revised at the Technical Committee meeting-held March 19, 1951, be recommended by the Chairman for acceptance at the next general meeting of the Institute, and that new projects, if approved by the Institute, bo given consideration by the Fellow at the earliest possible date. Item V. A letter that acknowledges the work of the Asbestos Textile Institute on specification natters pertaining to asbestos products is hero quoted: DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE Electronic Standards Sub-Committee Ottawa, Ontario . 12 December 1950 Asbestos Textile Institute, Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc. Manheim, Pennsylvania. Attention: Mr. Jesse Heaver Re: MIL-I-3053 Dear Sir: "United States Military Specification MIL-I-3055 has been proposed for adoption by the Canadian Military. The Canadian Jolins-Manvilie Company has proposed certain changes in the re quirements on which wc would like the opinion of those more imtinatcly connected with asbestos products before deciding upon a course of action. He know that the Asbestos Textile Institute was very prominent in the preparation of this speci fication and therefore your opinion would be valued. Incidentally we do realize that MIL-I-3053 is under the direct control of the Armed Services Electro Standards Agency, and propose to discuss these points with them as well. MT-002445 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003041 ATI-63 -5- "Tabic V - The nininum asbestos content would be reduced from 90 to 82 percent. Ue understand from Canadian-John s-I.Ianville that the Institute is also interested in having this change made, "Table VII-Paragraph 5,6.4,5: Breaking Strength Ca} "As received" breaking strengths are acceptable. - (b) Johns-Manvillc cannot accept the oven-aging tests of 5 minutes at 300C. The results obtained from the tensile strengths after heating tests are so variable that it is impossible for any two individuals to obtain duplicate results on the same material, "Ue wish to point out that if it is imperative that we are to accept orders with this test included, the customer should be required to give us minute details of the tests and a description of the apparatus used. 'By minute details we mean a description of the method'of insertion, temperature range, time range, position ' of samples, number of samples tested at sane tine, size of sample, rack for holding samples, etc. "Ue understand that you are investigating this test at the o present tine with a view to recommending necessary changes. "Table IX - (a) Nominal Inside Diameter - A tolerance of * 1/64 is needed for inside diameters of 1/16" to 3/16" inclusive, (b) Nominal Hall thickness - A tolerance of * 1/64 should shave been specified for wall thickness. "Ue feel that these tolerances are too broad and would like to see the specification values maintained. "Any information you can give us on the above points would be appreciated." Yours very truly, V. E. TANT, Chairman Specifications Panel. MT-002446 Copies of Mr. Tant's letter were sent to several member companies whoso representatives had participated in the work of the Technical r\ Committee in collaborating with our Armed Services Electronic Agency in formulating Specification MIL-I-3053. Replies were received from PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003042 ATI-63 -6T- Southern Asbestos Company and Keasbey & Mattison Co. Copies of their letters wore sent with my letter to the Department of National Defense of Canada. Our letters were acknowledged under date of 29 January 1951, as follows: Dear Mr. YJeaver: Thanh you very much for your letters of the 22 January, 1951,. and 18 December 1950, with attached comments from Keasbey & Mattison Company and Southern Asbestos Company. These letters have provided very much useful information on the points in doubt, and your cooperation in this matter is very much appreciated. In view of the unanimity of opinion of industry on these points we are making changes in MIL-I-3053 as industry has suggested. However, we would still appreciate receiving copies of the replies from other members of the Asbestos Textile Institute which you refer to in the last paragraph of your letter of January 22. Yours Very truly, n V. E. TANT, Chairman Specifications Panel Item VI. On the subject of ATI standard asbestos cloths, Mr. C. R. Frederick, Keasbey & Mattison Co., has called attention to small discrepancies in thicknesses published by A.S.T.M.;and The A.T.I. . thicknesses, amounting to 0.003 inch in one cloth and to 0.005 inch for two other oloths. The discussion resulted in requesting the Fellow to compile data resulting from his study of cloths furnished for fellowship work and to present it at the next meeting of the Technical Committee. Item VII. MT-002447 o. The Navy's specification for asbestos insulation on elec trical cables, No. 15Cli of 1 Feb. 1947, was superseded by PRODUCED JIM-83 MS 003043 ATI-63 7- Specification MIL-C-915 (ships) 15 Nov. 1949. Under Section 3.11. 9.2, Asbestos Electrical Insulating nails, the last sentence reads: "Asbestos for this application shall conform to cither class 2 or class 4 of Specification 13-1-29". A member of the Institute telephoned me for an opinion on whether the intent of the stipula tion is that the asbestos industry is permitted to use cither class of asbestos in supplying roving or lap for primary insulation or whether the cable manufacturer may stipulate one or the other class of asbestos. The Technical Committee voted to authorize the Secretary of The Institute to write to the Bureau of Ships for clari fication of the matter. ' I wish at this time to say that while J. A. Bettes, Oliver n Bowles and I were lunching with Mr. G. M. VanLcar, Bureau of Ships engineer on cable construction several days after the Technical Committee mcetiiig, I asked whether the sentence means that class 4 asbestos is always permitted even though the specification allows a 4 choice of class 2 or 4, and his answer was that class 4 is satis- factory.. All manufacturers will realize the necessity for this. Nature has provided class 2 asbestos in small quantity. MIL-I-3053, which superseded 171-29, reads in Section 6.1 Intended Use and 6.1.1 Class 2 - "This class is intended only for special applications where the asbestos is of primary import-' anoc,> as in electrical insulation used on magnet wire,, and in paper tape, sleeving, or cloth used primarily as a dielectric." Returning to MIL-C-915 (Ships) 3.11.9.2 it reads:- n "Asbestos electrical insulating walls shall consist of plain or reinforced asbestos applied either in treated or untreated form. The asbestos shall be suitably applied and compressed about the conductor PRODUCED MT-002448 Jit-83 MS 003044 ATI-63 -3- so as to provide a douse felted wall of circular cross sections, in which the conductor is well centered* Such insulating walls arc normally to he employed in combination with walls of insulating material of high dielectric strength, such as synthetic resin or varnished cambric.11 It is clear from the detailed remarks that the Bureau of Ships has explained why class 4 asbestos is acceptable, specifically because there is another insulating wall of high dielectric strength. The asbestos withstands high operating temperature and protects the higher dielectric materials of less heat resistance in electrical cable for shipboard use. Item VIII. Your Teclinical Committee was directed at the general meeting held December 14, 1950 to formulate specifications for braided rubing or sleeving. This work is underway. Specifications now in use by three members have been supplied for a study of the problem. Other companies are to supply specifications and the data are to be assembled in comparative form by the Fellow for action of the Technical Committee at its next meeting. Respectfully submitted, Jesse LI.'Weaver Chairman, Technical Committee MT-002449 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003045 Metallic Fail Glad Asbestos Textiles ATI-63 Introduction One of the projects presently under investigation by the Fellom concerns the development of an asbestos textile suitable for cover ing pipe insulations for high temperature applications. A number of considerations must be taken into account in the establishment of the most suitable and serviceable cloths for this application. First, the cloth must have sufficient quality to mithstand the high temperature service conditions to mhich it mill be subjected; second, the overall cost of installations of this nature is high and asbestos cloth coverings so used must be held to a lorn figure and be a relatively small part of the mhole cost if they are to re ceive due consideration for such applications; third, since the cost of asbestos cloths are generally directly proportional to the grade of construction, the loner grade cloths mill necessarily come closer to satisfying the cost requirements than the more expensive, high grade cloths, VJith these conditions in mind, our considera tions have been directed tonard an approach mhich mould permit the utilization of a commercial grade cloth, It is understood that the pipe covering service may be such that pipe temperatures in excess of 1000F. nay be encountered and further, under these conditions, pipe expansions nay cause mide cracks to open in the insulation material mhich mould expose the cloth coverings to temperatures above 500F.. Theorectically,, the thermal expansion factor for a steel pipe, typical of one used in installations such as those mith v/hich me are concerned, is in the _6 o neighborhood of 12x10 per degree F over the range from 68 to 1300. Using this figure, it can be calculated that a 100* length MT-002450 PRODUCED" JM-83 MS 003046 ATI-63 -2- of pipe carried to 1000F will expand 14.5". Further, if 33 three foot sections of insulations are applied to this pipe and, provid ing the expansion is uniformly distributed, the space between the sections will be .423" at 1000F. Temperatures of 500F, for relatively short periods of time of exposure, will badly char Commercial Grade asbestos textiles and noticibly degrade Underwriters cloths. Generally accepted tempera ture limits for these cloths are: Commercial, 400F and Under writers, 450F. It is obvious, therefore, that these cloths, as such, would be undesirable under the conditions specified within the problem here under consideration. On December 26, 1950 a new approach to this problem was initi-. ated and there are indications that perhaps a Commercial grade cloth may be so conditioned that it will withstand service conditions at temperatures considerably in excess of 500F with only slight de gradation. The principle under consideration is that of reflective insulation. The effectiveness of a bright metallic surface for retarding heat transfer has been well known for many years and the principle has been utilized extensively in low and relatively low temperature insulations. The U.S. Air Corp. in developing a fire fighting suit for high temperature exposures utilized this principle to achieve a desired serviceability. The metallics are usually in the form of foils although heavier sheets are occassionally utilized. The relative effectiveness of several such metals is set forth in the following table where e " a = 1-r; e is the emissivity or the ratio of heat radiated by a body to that of a black body under the same conditions; a is the absorptivity, or ratio of radiant heat MT-002451 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003047 3- - ATI-63 n absorbed by a body to that of a blacl-c body under similar conditions; and r is the reflectivity, or the ratio of radiant heat reflected by a body to that of a black body under similar conditions. TABLE I Total Normal F. Emmisivity Aluminum, polished .' Aluminum; foil Aluminum, oxidized at 1110]F Chromium polished Gold, polished Lead, polished ' Nickel, polished ' Platinum, polished Silver, polished ' Tin, polished Aluminum paint Asbestos Cloth Asbestos paper Glass polished 100 500 1000 100 100 500 1000 100 300 100 500 1000 2000 100 500 500 1000 500 1000 2000 100 500 1000 200 100 200 200 100 0.03-0.05 0 o 04 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.12 0.18 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.10 0.07 0.10 0.18 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.27-0.69 0.90 0.93 0.90 It vri.ll be observed that all of the polished metals have very Iqtt enissivity values compared to asbestos cloth or paper or pol ished glass. Polished aluminum has a value of 0.03-0.06, compared to 0.90 for asbestos cloth, giving a ratio of 15 to 1 in favor of the aluminum. Host other metals are arrayed in the same neighbor hood as aluminum. MT-002452 PRODUCED JIN-83 MS 003048 ATI-63 Experimental work Y/ith this information at hand, our investigation was directed to a study of the possibilities of ulilizing some of these metal foils in conjunction with asbestos textiles in an effort to protect the asbestos cloths under the service conditions with which we are now confronted Our first efforts were projected through the use of a tin foil 0.0015" thick,, cemented to a 225 commercial grade asbestos cloth. The results of this work v/ere very encouraging and warranted further investigation of the possibilities. However, it was felt that tin foil was not the most suitable metal due to its weight,, having a bulk mass of approximately 450/ per cu. ft. Aluminum foil was next procured and has been the basis for our work since that date. The aluminum foil has a thickness of ,001" and weighs 4.15 gns or 1.46 ounces per square yard. The bulk weight of the aluminum foil is approximately 1/3 that of the tin foil. The application of this foil by cementation with a thin coating of Arabol cement or sodium silicate adds approximately 7.5/ in weight to a 2.25 pound commercial grade cloth or approximately 3 ounces more per yard mak ing a total v/eight of 2.40 pounds per square yard. In pursurance of this investigation a number of preliminary experiments v/ere run in an effort to establish certain fundamental characteristics. Two test procedures v/ere adopted and the differ ent techniques involved permitted a wide range of evaluations. Pipe Covering Test, The first test method utilized the pipe covering test unit which has been in operation in our laboratory for the past eight PRODUCED JM-83 MT-002453 MS 003049 MT-002454 PRODUCED JM 83 MS 003050 6- - ATI-63 months. The illustration in Figure 1 shows the full construction ' <4 utilized in some of the tests. Other tests were conducted, however,, wherein the laj^er of magnesia was not used and the cloth cover ings were applied directly over the Super X insulations, 2" from the direct heat of the actual pipe. The illustration shows a ver tical space between the two insulation covering sections and the width of this space was varied so that the effects of such varia tions night be ascertained. In this work the asbestos cloth selected for test was Commer cial grade,.. 2.25 pounds in weight,, plain woven with construction 18x8 using 1020 yarns in both the warp and fill. In some cases these cloths were wrapped on the circumference of the Super X as indicated C-C* and in other cases on the circumference of the 85^ n magnesia insulation as indicated B-B*. In addition, tests were run wherein cloths were applied at both locations simultaneously. The temperature measurements were made by means of chromel- alunel thermocouples, the junctions of which were located at the points indicated A, B, C, D, S, and F. Point D is located at the exaat center of the pipe, inside of the heating element and is therefore very intense. Point A is located on the outer surface and top of the steel pipe and is considered the pipe temperature. Point C is on the top outside surface of the cloth wrapped on the oircumference of the Super X. Point B is on the top outside surface of the cloth wrapped on the circumference of the 85^ magnesia in sulation. .. Point E is on top outside surface of the outer insulation material for any particular test depending upon whether Super X or n 85^ magnesia is serving that particular purpose in the test under MT-002455 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003051 ATI-63 observation* Point F is a point immediately under the test cover cloth* Hot Plate Test, A second test method v:as adopted so that somewhat more severe conditions might be simulated and in this way accelerate the rate at which data might be accumulated,. In this latter method an elec tric hot plate with an exposed heating element was utilized and a frame was constructed so that test specimens could be placed in a horizontal position 2" above and parallel to the heating element* Figure 2. The temperature at the element surface is controllable to temperatures somewhat in excess of 1000F and by means of a Variac control any temperature between the maximum and room tempera ture can be maintained for extended periods of tine. In order to establish a uniform emission of heat from the heater coil it was found necessary to place a disc of very light gauge sheet steel immediately over the heating element. The emis sion temperatures were then measured by means of a chromel-alumel thermocouple so placed that the junction was on this metal plate at point A on the sketch. The test cover plate was laid upon the guard ring and was of.a siz.e to completely enclose the volume within the ring. Temperatures were read by means of a thermocouple at point B located on the ton side of the test cover, Through this arrangement it was possible to roughly determine 1) the resistance of the materials so tested to thermal degradation and 2) the ability of such materials to conserve heat as indicated by increased coil temperatures at constant power inputs and through decreased temperatures at point B. PRODUCED JM - 83 MT-002456 MS 003052 ATI-63 *. Test Cover ' FIGURE 2 NIT-002457 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003053 ATI-63 -9- Test Results Pipe Covering Test #1 Tilth a 1/2" space simulating a crack between the two pipe in sulation sections of Super X only, without the overlay of Q5?0 magnesia, samples of aluminized.and unaluminized cloth 2" wide 'were wrapped around the sections C-C to cover this spacer With tempera tures on the outer surface of the metal pipe of J000F the untreated cloths were badly charred in less than 30 minutes<. On the other hand, sections of aluminized cloth maintained at pipe temperatures of 1015F and 1165F for 20 and 24 hours respectively showed only a very slight discoloration,* Pipe Covering Test /2 Using the same technique as described in Test -/l, except with a 1" space, similar results were obtained.. With outside pipe tem perature of 1120F and 1160F for 50 and SO hours respectively some discoloration of the cloths was produced, however, they appeared to be only slightly degraded. Pipe Covering Test #3 Using the complete set up as shown in figure I and with a 2" space between the insulation sections a series of tests were con ducted using the following wrappings: 1) Asbestos Cloth alone, 2) aluminized asbestos cloth and 3) aluminized asbestos cloth with 3/3" layer of amosite fiber between the cloth and foil. In this work the cloth strips wrere 4" wide. Two series of tests were conducted, one at 6.2 amps input and a second at 7.0 amps input with the time of duration of each test being varied in accordance r.rith the visual results apparent. The MT-002458 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003054 -10- ATI-63 temperatures attained during each test are shorn in Table III and an inspection of the cloths subjected to each test serve to illus trate the protective properties afforded by the constructions used. It will be observed that in the cases where the aluminized cloths were used, the pipe temperatures were considerably higher. 100 F at 6.2 amps and 135F at 7.0 amps, than v;ith the plain cloth. The temperature immediately under the aluminized cloth mere also markedly higher than those under the plain cloth wrapping. Both of these observations clearly point out the heat conservation features supplied by the aluminum foil. In the case where fibrous amosite wras applied between the foil and the cloth still further improvements in the above characteristics will be noted. Table II Raw Foiled Foiled 24 hours 72 hours Amosite filled A B 6.2 amps. F D 790 350 470 1070 890 300 585 1140 _ __ _ -- ----- -------- -- 19 hours 48 hours 10 days A B 7.0 amps F D 900 370 555 1230 1035 340 685 1330 1055 275 775 1360 Many tests of this nature were conducted in the course of this exploratory vrork, however, the three experiments here described set forth the essential features of the results obtained. Hot Plate Tests MT-002459 In this work the effect of reflectance upon heat conservation was markedly illustrated. Here again, many tests have been con ducted, however, the results obtained in the single experiment here PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003055 ATI-63 -11- described serves to point out the significant features. In order to standardize the procedure, the set up as previously- described v.-as first standardized using a cover plate of 5/8" thick carborundum plate. Under these conditions constant plate tempera tures after 30 minutes i:ere obtained. The test plates of aluminized and unaluninizod cloth v;as then placed in position and the result ing temperatures v,rere measured. A comparison of the values so obtained at various currents are set forth in Table III. Table III Amp. Input Cover Plate Temperature AB Tine Minutes 4.00 n it 5.00 ii n 5.40 n ii CarborYindun (5/3") Aluminized Asbestos Aluminized Duck Carborundum (5/8") Aluminized Asbestos Aluminized Duok CarborundYm (5/8") Aluminized Asbestos Aluminized Duck 637 795 760 720 925 935 795 1015 930 175 160 215 230 205 225 245 220 235 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 150 45 Under these conditions the foil shoved no indications of de terioration at any of the temperatures. The asbestos cloth with aluminum foil at the 795F shov;ed no discoloration,, at 925F slight brovming was observed and at 1015F a distinct browning vas dis- cernable. An additional test was conducted rath 6 ounce duck sam ples Y/ith an aluminum foil coating and the results showed it to Yfithstand the temperatures very nearly as well as the asbestos elett however, the heat loss Y/as considerably more pronounced. Conclusions The results of the feY,T tests here described and an inspection of the several specimens of cloths subjected to the tests would seen WIT-002460 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003056 JLt-*u ATI-63 to warrant further investigation of the possibilities of the tech nique here described. Asbestos cloths provided with the protection of a thin film of metal nay be subjected to temperatures several hundred degrees in excess- of the presently recognized limits for such Gloths. It is true that the foil provides the protection and foil mould in many cases serve alone. However, the asbestos cloth baching provides the foil with a strong and flexible reinforcement which could well serve in many applications where the foil alone might be difficult to handle or impossible to apply. In addition, the asbestos cloth provides an insulation medium and serves to shield the hot metallic surface from direct exterior exposure which night in many cases provide an industrial hazard. The use of the aluminum foil, in addition to protecting the asbestos cloth, provides a heat conservation medium, as is evidenced in table III. It i/ill be observed that when the hot plate was so controlled that the plate temperature could be stabilized at 637F using the carborundum plate, the temperature of the plate when guarded with an aluminized asbestos cloth was increased to 795F. At higher temperatures the ratios were consistently maintained and a 720F with carborundum was increased to 925F with aluminized asbestos and a 795F temperature with carborundum was increased to 1015F with the treated cloth. It would seen therefore that the use of aluminum foil in con junction with a commercial grade asbestos cloth can provide a safe insulation doth which will effectively serve as a thermal insula tor at temperatures of from 400F to 500F higher than the present ly accepted temperatures for such materials. Myril C. Shaw MT-002461 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003057 SECRETARY'S report ATI-63 During the quarter just closed your Secretary has participated in the following activities in the Interest of Institute affairs. 1) Immediately following the last General Meeting a conference was arranged with Mr. M. I. Ruddock, legal counsel, for consideration of the directive as noted in the Minutes of the December meeting of the Board of Governors, paragraph 4, section 3, in reference to the redrafting of Section 6 of the By-Laws of the Institute. The pro posed revision as drafted by Mr. Ruddock is herewith presented for consideration. At this sane conference the final draft of the uniform assess ment notice was established and was so used by McLaren, Goode, YJest & @o., in the assessment notices recently issued to cover the 1951 budget. 2) McLaren, Goode, Host and Co., auditors, were advised re garding the actions taken by the Institute in reference to the 1951 budget and were authorized to proceed with the issuance of the neces sary assessments to satisfy this action. 3) Assistance was given our President, R. E. Cryor, in the writing of an informative article about the Asbestos Textile Institute which was published in the March issue of Asbestos. 4) During recent months, our office has been deluged with in formative articles issued by the National Production Authority under the United States Department of Commerce. Approximately thirty copies of each article were received and we have endeavored to cir culate this material throughout the Institute membership. Y/e would like to know whether or not it is the desire of the membership that this service be continued. Some members have advised us to stop MT-002462 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003058 ATI-63 nailing this material to then and other members have asked that it n be continued. Y/e would appreciate some direction in this regard. 5) Immediately following the last meeting the following schools were contacted in regard to the placement of our Visual Aid Displays: Rico Institute, Bradley University, Fashion Institute,. Franklin & Marshall, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Alabama Polyteonia Institute. The first four of these schools ac cepted our offer and now have the displays on exhibit. The last two schools have not acknowledged our correspondence and it is as sumed that they have no interest at this tine. The seventh display is presently on exhibit at Rutgers and has been viev/ed by a large number of people who daily visit the campus either on personal busi ness or as members of industrial or educational groups which are ever meeting at the school. n YJe will welcome suggestions as to new schools or institutions, that may be approached as possible exhibitors. 6) A meeting of the Technical Committee of the Institute was i arranged for and attended by the Secretary on March 19th at the Hotel Y/arwick, Philadelphia. Minutes of this meeting have been submitted to the Chairman, Mr. Yleaver, and will be discussed under the Technical Committee Report. 7) The next General Meeting of the Asbestos Textile Institute is scheduled for Thursday, June 14, 1951 at the Warwick Hotel, Philadelphia, Pa. Respectfully submitted,. Myril C. Shaw, n Secretary MT -002463 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003059 ATI-63 RAY3ESTOS -MANHATTAN, INC . MANH2IL1, PA.. June 26, 1951 Office of Quartermaster General Research &Development Laboratories Washington, D. C. Attention: Mr. Russell Schwartz. Subject: Asbestos Glove Cloth Gentlemen: This will confirm our recent phone conversations concerning specifi cations for an Underwriters grade asbestos cloth for use in the manu facture of mittens. It will facilitate this discussion if you will get before j^ou copy of Federal Specification SS-C-466 dated 15 Dec. 1949, This specification was written after careful consultation with various members of the industry, and in the writer*s opinion accurately reflects the physical values of the various cloths specified. Paragraph 3.3.2.1 describes a 2^-lb. Underwriters grade plain weave asbestos cloth. Paragraph 3.3.5,3 gives the warp and filling tensile of the cloth. Using these accurate values as a basis for comparison, we would like to give you the following recommendations for a proper description of an Underwriters grade plain weave asbestos cloth weighing 2.5 lbs. per square yard. Grade Class Min. Asbestos ' Norn. Wt. Sq. Yd. Texture (Nominal) Ends 1" Picks 1" Tensile* Uarp Filling Federal Spec. SS-C-466 A 1 30% 2.25 lbs. 18 9 100 45 Suggested Glove Cloth Underwriters 30% 2.50 lbs. 20 10 115 50 -"'Minimum Average of 5 Breaks - Grab Method . See Federal Spec . CCC-T-191 Issue A, Par. 5, Sec. VI. MT Please note particularly that while paragraph 3.3.5.3 calls for a minimum tensile, the method of determining the minimum tensile, as Galled for in paragraph 4.3.1.5 is aatually a minimum average tensile determined by the grab method. This is a much more practical value for asbestos textiles, as they are subject to a greater percentage PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003060 ATI-63 Office of Quartermaster page #2 6/26/51 variation in warp and filling values than you would reasonably expect to find in a cotton textile, for example. The writer has delayed giving you these opinions in writing until I had an opportunity to bring the matter up for discussion at a meeting of the Asbestos Textile Institute, The specification'above recom mended is not only the recommendations of our company, but also repre' sents the consensus of opinion of the members present at the last meeting of A.T.I. It; was also the consensus of opinion that the warp and filling ten sile s called for in Navy Specification 37ILb dated 10/2/44 is impos sible of accomplishment with the quality of fibre available to us today. You will note that this specification was originally written in July 1941. During the competitive period one manufacturer would vie with another to offer the highest possible tensile. I am confi dent it is your present purpose to describe a glove cloth that can be procured as a standard material under current conditions. We trust that our suggestions will be found helpful. Yours very truly J. A. Bettes, Jr. Sales Manager MT-002465 PRODUCED JM -83 MS 003061 ATI-63 July 18, 1951 THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE School of Mineral Industries State College, Pennsylvania Department of Mineral Engineering Address: Mineral Industries Bldg. Telephone: State College 8441 gentlemen: I am interested in obtaining the comparative qualities of your asbestos cloth with other fireproofing material. My particular problem deals with the design of a portable fireproof substation that mill meet the requirements of the Federal code and State mining laws for use in coal mines. `The different states specify varying thickness of concrete block, brick and steel. I would appreciate information on the following: 1, Fireproof and heat transfer properties of various grades or thicknesses of-asbestos cloth with equivalent thicknesses of concrete block, brick and steel and other types of masonry, with any proof of the tests that night impress anyone who was skeptical as to their validity* 2* Cost and weight of different grades of cloth and physical strength. 3. Size of cloth - can itbe joined in some manner and still pre serve its properties even though it may be folded for trans portation from time to time* 4, Can a joining of the cloth be made temporary so that a large piece could be taken apart and joined again on assembly and still be fireproof as original. 5*. The size would be in the area of 60* x 40*. 6* VJill it retain physical strength and properties upon continu ous folding? Thank yu for any information you may snnd me. Very truly yours,. A. T/ayne Bitner Research Associate Mining Engineering MT-002466 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003062 r 4 n ATI-63 FELLOWSHIP REPORT > Much of the Fellowship work during the past months has been directed toward those projects which have some relationship to the several specification clarification problems presently confronting the Technical Committee. Since most of the general projects listed in the program of work to be undertaken by the Fellow are in some way related to various phases of specification v/ork, the tie-in of the two programs could be easily accomplished. HEAT AGING TEST. The heat aging test v/ork in cooperation with VJestinghouse Manufacturing Co., is still in progress. As reported at our last meet, the VJestinghouse Manufacturing Co. was supplied uith a sample of cloth on August 20th, v/hich was to be given the heat aging test by then and the results were to be reported to us so that we night check their v/ork and proceed to cooperatively develop a suitable test procedure for such evaluations. Having heard nothing further from this company since that date, we wrote to then sometime ago inquiring as to their progress and just last v/eek received a re ply which stated that their v/ork would be completed and the results reported to us on January 15, 1952. This being so we can but wait for this information. The results of this x/ork are quite important since many govern ment agencies are incorporatinga heat aging test of a sort in their specifications. As in the past, these specifications are not clear as to test procedure and the tensile strength values after such a test are meaningless unless this procedure is explicit in many details. It is the hope of the Technical Committee that after the specifica-* tions for VJestinghouse have been approved by all concerned, they nay serve as a basis and guide for all other specifications covering similar conditions. ALHIIIKIZED CLOTH. The work on this project is, in the main, progressing as a part of the work in connection with the investiga tion of the "temperature limits which may be recommended for various grades of asbestos textiles." During recent months, however, we have received correspondence from Grems Mfg. Co., Klamath Falls, Oregon, who market an aluminum paint particularly designed for construction insulation. Samples of this material as used were also received and a request was made for some of the paint so that we might apply it to some of our cloths and investigate its properties more thoroughly as they apply to our particular problem. It is our understanding that this is a rubber base paint and, if so, the thermal properties'will have definite limitations, however, it would be worth while, we feel, to be able to define these limits. Shellmar Products Co., a convertor is endeavoring to apply aluminum foil to a 12-yard sample of commercial grade cloth which was supplied by us, have not yet completed this v/ork. They were very desirous of having a much larger piece of material to v/ork with than we were able to furnish and in order to obtain as long a sample as possible have split the one yard wide sample so that they can MT-002467 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003063 Fellowship Report--Page 2 ATI-63 make a run on a 24 yard long piece, even though it is only 18" wide. Upon completion of this work and the receipt of the report from the convertors regarding the commercial feasibility of such an operation, the Technical Committee will be advised and the next steps decided upon. TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE OF ASBESTOS TEXTILES. The third project listed in the program of work for the Fellowship covers the "deter mination of the temperature resistance of the five grades of asbestos cloths--Commercial, Underwriters, AA, AAA and AAAA". Here again is an investigation, the results of which will have specific applica tions in the specification field. Many specifications set forth thetemperatures at which the cloths under consideration may be serviced, however, the method of temperature application is never indicated. In our work we are making these determinations'by three methods of heat application 1) Radiant heat from one side, 2) Direct or contact heat from one side and o) Submerged heat from both sides, as in the heat aging test. Since the degradation of these materials is a function of both time and temperature over quite a range, a great many tests and much time are involved. The rate of degradation is to be determined at temperatures ranging from 100C up to the highest possbile tempera ture, which in the case of low grade cloths will be chiefly dependent upon the organic content and in the higher grade cloths by the gradeof fiber used in spinning the yarn. It is hoped that from this work, serviceability curves nay be obtained which will define the thermal serviceability limits of the several grades of asbestos textiles as a function of time, temperature and fiber grade. Every effort will be made to have a sufficient amount of this data available for use by the Technical Committee in the review of the several specifications which are now under consideration. In addition to testing the regular line of untreated cloths and textiles, it is our intention to include several treated cloths and cloths which have been coated with aluminum foil and the aluminum paint if cloths having the latter application can be obtained. Me realize that so-called treated cloths are being manufactured by several of our members and would appreciate receiving from three to five yards of several varieties of these materials for inclusion in this work. MISCELLANEOUS. During the past months, the Secretary circulatedamong the membership of the Institute a letter from Nugent and Nugent, a Washington, D. C. law firm, regarding an asbestos deposit in which that firnn had an interest, located in California. Upon request, we received samples of this material from the writer and have determined the fiber to be of the variety, chrysotile. The sample received was in rock form and the veins ranged from very thin up to approximately 3/16" across. An insufficient amount of this fiber was made available to us and for this reason extensive test work could not be carried MT-002468 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003064 Fellowship Report--page 3 ATI-63 out, hov/ever, it would seem that perhaps some further investigation might be advisable in order to definitely establish the bxtent of the deposit and the value of the fibers, if the deposit is, as the inter ested parties state, quite extensive,. This matter nay have perhaps received this, however, since v/e have had no word of any action v/e call this matter to your attention so that no possible sources of asbestos may be overlooked. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion r:e would like to express our appreciation to all of the members of the Institute who have supported and promoted the work of the Fellowship during the past five years. Me are now enter ing our sixth year of service and earnestly hope that each of you will feel free to avail yourselves of the facilities of:our labora tory and of the School of Ceramics at any time in extending techno logical advancements in the asbestos textile industry. Properly and wisely handled the Fellowship can be a pov/erful tool in your hands and we trust that it may be our pleasure and good fortune to be afforded the opportunity of implementing this tool under your direction. Respectfully submitted, Llyril C. Shaw MT-002469 PRODUCED JM-83 MS 003065 ASBESTOS TACTILE INSTITUTE AUDITOR'S REPORT December 5, 1951_______ Balance in Various Funds - October Fellowship Fund General Fund Publicity Fund Petty Cash Fund , 1951 $ -402 .*43 7,056.61 921.74 26[55 Receipts : General Fund (Gift Fund) Transfers: To Petty Cash (from General Fund) Disbursements: Fellowship Fund: General Fund: Secretary's Salary Secretary's Travel Meeting Expense Auditing Expense Stenographic Expense Misc. Office Expense Petty Cash Fund Transfer Gift Fund $ 330.61 29.26 400.87 8.40 49.00 6.30 35.61 222.92 Publicity Fund: National Science Teachers' Assoc. Petty Cash Fund: Misc. Office Expense Balance on Hand December 3, 1951 none 1,088.97 600.00 56,56 Balance in Various Funds - December 5, 1951 Fellowship Fund General Fund Publicity Fund Petty Cash Fund $ -402.43 6,190.59 321.74 23.80 ATI-63 $ 8,407.33 222.95 ' 33.61 0 8,663.89 1,725.33 $ 6,958.56 $ 6,95856 Respectfully submitted, S. C. Gehnan MT-002470 PRODUCED JM - 83 MS 003066