Document pmqqx1NJJbM947BVQdNpvnQKD
----4
w Threshold Limit Values for 1961
Adopted et ti e 23rd Annual M eetint of f i r American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Detroit, Afickizan, April M 2 , 2961
Threshold Emit* should be used as guides in the control of health hazards and should not be regarded as fine tines between safe and dangerous concentrations. They represent .conditions under which h u believed that nearly all workers tnav be repeatedly exposed, day after day, without adverse effect The values Bsted t-r- refer Id time-weighted average concentrations for a norma] workday. The amount by which these figures may be exceeded for short periods without in jin y to health
depends upon a number o f factors such as the nature of the contaminant, whether very high concentrations even for short periods produce acute poisoning, whether the effects are cumulative, the frequency with which high concentrations occur, and the duration of such periods. All must be taken into consideration in arriving at a derision as to whether a hazardous situation exists. Special consideration should be given to the application of these values in assessing th health hazards which may be associated with exposure to combinations of two or more substances. Threshold limits are based on the best' available information from industrial experience, from exprimental studies, and, when possible, from a combination of the two. These values are based on various criteria of toxic effects or on marked discomfort; thus, the}* should not be used as a common denominator of toxicity, nor should the}* be considered as the sole criterion in proving or disprov ing diagnosis of suspected occupational disease. These Emits are intended for use in the field of industrial h}X>ene and should be employed by persons trained in this field. The}' are not intended for use, or for modification for use, in the evaluation or control of community air pollution or air pollution nuisances. s*. * These values are reviewed annually by the Committee on Threshold lim its
for changes, revisions, or additions as further information becomes available. The Committee welcomes the suggestion of substances to be added to the list and also comments, references, or reports of experience with these materials.
RECOMMENDED VALUES Cates and Vapors
Approx.
Mg. per
** SUISTANCZ
PPM Cu M.t
---L-
Aceialdehvde ............. ... 200 Acetic arid ................
360 25
Acetic anhrdridc . . . . . . . : Acetone.......................
r Acetylene lclrnbromide . .
5 1
20 2,400
14
Airo3ftl) w *a>at t* a
\2
SuiSTAKCE
PPM*
Acrylonitrile--51dn ..
Ally! alcohol--Skin .. . . . 2
Allyl chloride...........
Ally] propyl disulfide . . . 2
Ammonia ..................
Amyl acetate ...........
Approx. Mp. per C uM .t
45
5 15 12 70 1,050
Received for publication July 6, 1961.
. Reprinted with permission from the American Congress of Governmental Industrial Hyeimists.
fr CL.
r
Mi
490 ARCHIVES OF ESTiROKUESTAL HjfLTH ^
Approx.
S iW A za
U per PPM * C .2Lt
Amyl akohol (auiiyl alcohol) . . .
Aniline--Skin .............
2 19
Anine .........................
Beizcnc (benzol) .......
Benzyl chloride.........
Boron tzifluoride....... Bramine .....................
1
Butadiene (M-butadicneJ.UlOO
02
5 3 07 23
2-Butanone
(methyl ethyl ketone) .. 200 Burri acetate *
590
(-butyl acetate) . . . .
950
Butyl alcohol (-butanol) 100 ten. Butyl alcohol . . . . . . too Butybminc ................ Butyl eeUoaota
; 300 * 300
IS
(2-butoxvethanoI) ....... SO 240
p-ten. Butyltoluene . . . . . 10 60
Carbon dioxide...............5,000 9JD00
Carbon disulfide--Skin .. 20 60
Carlton monoxide ......... 100
110
Carbon lrtmrhlorlc--
Skin .................... CVUoftolvc
23 160
(2-cthoxyetIunol) ....... 200 Cdlmolve acetate
(2-cthoxycihyl acetate). 100
740 540
Odorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Odorine dioxide...........
OJ
Odorine triflnorirfc . . . . Chlnrolcnzate
(mtnwrlilnrolmene) GiUtroform
(tridiluromctlone) .. 1-Oiloro-1-ntrojtropanc
73
50 20
04
350
240 100
Oilorqnmn .................. 0.1 C1ibiru}iruiK {2-chlnroI,3-
Initadicnr) .................. 23 Crcol (all im>crt)--Skin 5 Cyclohexane .................. 400 Cyrluliexanol ................ 50 Cyclohexanone . . . ; ....... 50 Cycloltexcne . . . . . . . . . . . 400 Dccabonno--Skin ......... OBS Diacctone alcoftol
(4-hydroxy-4-metliyI-
o.;
0
22
1,400 200 200
U50 0J
2-|jmtanunc) ........... .. 50 D io n n e ....................... 01 e-Dicldorobenzene ......... 50 /-Drhlorobcnzcne ......... 75 Dcldorodiflnoruroctltnne . 1,000 l.I-Didtloroahane . . . . . . 100
240 0.1
300 450 4,0 400
XOTF.: TW 4 **SJun" ftllervins a ccmpcend'a name imticatv* ihn t i t liquid comprond u n { r n ir tu
ihr tlin la cwk irnewfc sa.
Sl3fM *C
PPM*
13-Rdilonjcdanc
(ethylate (ScJdoridc) . . 100
1,2-DichIoroethyknc .. . . 200
DicUoroethyl ethcT . . .
DchlomnonoAuord-
methane ..................
1,1-Dchloro-l-
aitroethwK .............
Pichkxotctra-
iuoroethane . . . . . . . .
Ditthylamine ..............
DfluorodTbromo-
IBCthlW tttp a a t*< . . 100
Dibobuiyt ketone . . . .
Dimethylaniline fN-di*
metltybuiilincV--Skin . . 5
DimethyKormamitlc .. .. 20 U-Dimahylhydrazine--
S k in ............................ 05
Dimetliylrulfaic--Skin .. 1
Diproftvierte glycol
methyl ether ............. 100
Doxanc
(tlicthylenc ihoxide) . . . 100
Ethyl acetate ................ 400
Ethyl acrylate--Skin . . . 23
Ethyl alcaitol (vlltaitol) ..1JD00
Ethybuninc .................... 23
Ethylbenzene............ 200
Ethv] bromide .............. 200
Ethyl chloride ............... 1000
Ethyl e th e r ......... .
400
Ethyl formate................ 100
Ethyl titrate ................ 100
Ethylene ehlomhydrin--
Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Ethylewdiaminr . . ......... 10
Ethylate dihnwniiW
(IJ-dilirnmacilianr) . .. 25
Ethylate rminc--Shin . . 5
Ethylene o x id e........... .. 50
Fluorine .....................
Fhtorotriehlormtctluinc ..1.000
Formaldehyde . . . . . . . .
F u rfu ral......... .
.. 5
Furfuryl aleoltol .......
Gasoline ..................... .. 500
Hcixanc (heptane) .. .. 500
Hexane (n-hexanc) ...
Hexanotte (mahyl
butyl kaone) .........
T-fexune Jfmahyl
iaohutyl ketone) . . . .
Hydrazine--Shin ** Hydrogot brvmiilr
Hydrogen chloride
Approx. Mg. per Cl lit
400 790 0
60
73 *
860 290
23 60
1 5
600
360 1,400
100
1.900 45 B7D 890
2#0 1,200
300 850
16 30
190 9 90 0-2
5.600 6 20
200 2JD00 1000
1 jto
410
410 1J 10
7
-
-- j
-- #,,
** I .-'* n
--,
n mn>
ITKTAN fydiuc* Ijilnv "ydruv*
flftnc Opito:
dotty: lahyl tethy: lain lahy" (dim. dahy (met! *lnhyi tlnlix:
tl-t*Mrthj*
tell" mai Main Main 0.1. Metili Main. Main Mah> Main (nr .Mi Mai. (diMiai* SI:
Napl*
X it'V
Xilri r** Xitr* Nitri Xitr. Nitr*
X itr.
2-XXit* tk-i. O/. l\u :
^t h r e s h o l d u m i t v a l v e s v o x j m i
4M
Appro*. * Me. per
r r i i * #CaM .t
*rJ7 J i i j A e p " Qiaide-Shn 10 Hr*'*TM Am rriit........ J
HH_yj.J_di_mV_*i_Te_nn__paeri*ro_ouxdidee. W r
1 0X5
a r fTydrocm n K d e
SO OJ
35
J p o rn ijilw .............. 5
cm. Mfrityl oxide............ 25 Methyl arctatc........... 200 Methyl acetylene....... IJOOO Methyl acrylate--Skin . . 10
Mclhybl
(dimcUiOxymetbanc) . .1JD00
J1
* W 02 *
1 140 12
6to1o0
1,650 S3
3.100
Methyl aSrehol (meilonol) . . ................ BIO
Methyl liromxk'--Skin . . SO
Methyl cclkwilvc (2-mclbftxrcitenol) . . . 25
Mnhyl eenowlee acetate
(ethylate clyrol mono-
methyl ether acetate) . . 25
Methyl chloride ............. 100
Methyl chloroform
(1,1.1-irichloroeihanc) . 500
Mflhylryrkdrexane . . . . . 500
Meihylcytlohexanol . . . . 100
McihylcyeWtexancne . . . 100
Methyl formate ............. 100
50
Methyl ifobiityl carbinol
(methyl amyl alcohol}.. 25
Methyl tyrtne ........... 100
Methylene chloride
(dichloromcfhane) . . . . 500
Monomethyl aniline-- .
S ia n ............................ 3
Naphtlia (coal ta r )....... 200
Naphtha (petroleum) . . . . 500
( il
Nickel carbonyl ............ 0.001 Nitric acid ................... 10 /-Nitroanilin--Skin . . . . 1
Nitrobenzene--Sion . . . . 1
Nitrncihane ................... 100
Niiropcn dioxide ........... 5
Nitroglycerin ................ 0.5
Nitromethane ................ 100
2-Nitropropane .............. 5
Nitrotolucne--Skin . . . . . 5
Octane .................... 500
Ozone ............................ 0.1
Pentane ...........................1X00
S n sra x a
PPM * Cu. Mj*
Pentancne (mflhyl ` propyl ketone) ........... 300
900
Pcrehlorncthrioie (tetrmchloToetbylene) . . 100
Phenol--Sian ............ 5
70 ' 19
PhcnyPtydraiinr Skin . . $
22
Fhoftgcnc
fcxrhonyl chloride) . . . 1 4
Phrwphinc . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0X5 0X7
Phorphonu tridilnride .. 05
3
Propyl acetate................ 300 WO
Propyl alcohol
(zoprupyl akohnl) . . . 400
no
Propyl ether
(uopropyl ether) . . . . . . 500 Z100
Propylene dichloride
(12-dicltloropropanc) . . 75
Z50
Propylene unine--Skirt .. 33
0
Projiylene oxide . . . . . . . 100
WO
Pyridine ......... .
5 15
Qinmne ................ .
01 0.4
Stibinc .......................... 0.1
0l5
Stoddard adlvent........... 500 Z900
Styrene monomer
(plienylethylenej ......... 300
420
Sulfur dioxide .............. 5
13
Sulfur hexafluoride . . . . 1X00 6X00
Sulfur monochloride . . . 1
6
Sulfur proiafluoride . . . . 0X2:i OZ
l.lZZ-Tctrachloro-
ethanc--Skin ............. 5
35
Tclrahydrofurxn ........... 300
590
Tctnrnitromcihane......... 1
0
Toluene (toluol) ............ , 200
750
r^Toluidme--Skin .......... 5
22
6-
ToMenc-2,4-
dnKteyanafe .............. . 0X2 t 0.1
Trichloroethylene ....... .. 100
520
Triethylamine .............. .. Z5
100
Trifluoromono-
hromomclhane . . . . . . . .1X00 6,100
Turpentine .................... . 100
560
Vinyl ddoride
* (chloroethvlroe) ....... . 500 1200
Vinyl toluene .............. . 100
480
Xylene (xylol)............ . 200
70
Nylidine--Skin ............. , 5
Z5
* Fans a t Taper m ( u prr Rulliwi pan* *t d r by tolinw at 25 C and t0 ts a . Vg pm aof*.
1 Arprcximait ntlHcmai per cubit ta tu r ftf air.
2 Probably auffteieny lew ta protect ac ainil fat*'
mary amiitiun'on, but n a p am protKt prrcm apt* rifieallv aexuldrrd.
\
U K
` -
ARCH/VES OF EST1R0XHENT.4L HEALTH
Dusts, Fom a, and Mists
In c iA ia
M sper Co. \L |
AMrin (125,4,10.10-hexwMoro-l,4,4A5.
6S-hexab}rire-L45*Mimeihano
sapfathalae)--S k in ........... .
623
Ammate (ammonium ulfamate) ....... 15
tAntimony ..............................................03
' AXTU (alpha-iaphthyl-tluouns) . . . . 02
Arsenic ................................................. 03
Barium (soluble compounds) .............65
Beryllium........... .....................
6003
Cadmium pride fum e........................... 61
Galdum arsonte ................................61
Otlordane (12.4iA 71Bf$-octadUr*34, 4,7,7a-tetra*bydr42-methanoindane) 2
Odorinated eamphac, 60% .................65 Otlorinated diphenyl oxide ................ 05
Chlorodiphenyl (42% chlorine)--Skin 1
SvasTAseex
Mg. per Ca. M4
41
MoyWenmn (soluble compounds) ....................-- 9
m5 b.
(insoluble compounds) ...............1 5
Kieotine--Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Parathicn (0,0-dicthyl-0->-nilrophenyI
thiopheephate)--Skin ............ .........61
Fc&tachloruaaphthalem--Skin . . . . . . . . 65
Fcntachlorophenol--Skin .......................65
Phosphoric add ................................. 1
Phosphorus (ydlow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Phosphorus patachbride ...............1
Phosphorus pentssulfide .............. 1
Picric add--Sldn ............................... 61
Fyrethnan ................................
2
Rotenonc ............................................. 5 a
Selenium compounds (asSe) . . . . . . . . 0J
Gblorodiphenyl (4% chlorine)--Skin 05 Oiromic add and chromates (as CrO) 0.1
Sodium fluoroaeetate (10SO)--Skin . . . 61 Sodium hydroxide................................. 2
Crag heriidde (sodium 2*[2,4-dichloro-
Strychnine .........................
615
phenoxy] ethanol bj-drogta sulfate) .15 Cjanide (as OC)--Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Sulfurie add ..............................
1
TEDP (tetraethyl dilhionopyropbot-
2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophesoxyceric arid) 10
phate)--S ld n ......... ................ . 02
VJ
DDT (22-Ks t/-eWorpheayI]-l,l,l-
TZPP (tetraethyl pyrophosphate)--
trichloroethint) ................................1
Sian .............
003
Dieldrin (12J,4,10t10-hexaehloro-62-
'Tellurium ........................................... 05
epoxy-l,4,4a5,6."5.8*-octahydril,4i
Tetryl (2,4tMrinUrcplcnyhnethylwtr-
5,S-dimethanonaphlhalene)--Sldn . . . 025
mine)--Skin ........................ .
15
Dinitrobcnxene--Skin ................ . 1
Thallium,(soluble compounds) ...........0.1
Dinitrotolucne--Skin .......................... 15
Thiram (Ictramethyl thiuram disulfide) 5
Dinitro-tKresoI--Skin .........................02
Titanium dioxide.................................15
EPK (O-ethyl 0-/*nitrophenyl
Trichloronaphthalene--Sldn ........ 5
Uitonobenzencphosphonate)--Sldn . ..0 5
Trinitrotoluene--S ld n .......................... 15
Fcrbam (ferric dimethyl dilluocarbam-
Uranium
ate) ...............
15
(soluble compounds) ...........
0.05
( FeTTOvajvuIiura dost ............................ 1 Fluoride ....................... ....................... 25
(insoluble compounds). . . . . . . . . . . . 025 Vanadium
(V.O dust) .....................................05
Hydroquinone......... ....................... . 2
(V>0* fume) ........................ ......... 0.1
Iron oxide fume. . . . . . . . ..................1 5
Warfarin (3-[*-acelonylbenxyll-L
Lead ....................................... .
02
hydroxycoumarin) ............................05
Lead arsenate .......................................0.15 Yttrium ................... *..........................5
Lindane (hexaehlorocyclohexane,
^inc oxide fume ................ . . . . . . . . . . 1 5
gamma isomer) ................................05
Zirconium compounds (as Zr) .............5
Lithium hydride ................................... 0.025 Magnesium oxide fume .. .......1 5 Mabthiun (O.O-dimethyl dithiophos-
phate of diethyl mertaptosucrinate)--
I Milligram* of dvat, fume, m miat per cuHt
"V sir, Badioaetmtr: For permiiiibte esneentrattons ef
radioiioiopa 1 sir, Mt U.S. Department of Ci M m , National Bureau f Standard*, Handbook H .
Skin ..................................................15
Manganese ................ .........................5 Mercury ..................................... ......... 0.1 Mercury (organic compounds)--Skin . 0.01 Mohoxythlor (22-di-A*methox>Thenyl-
1.1,1-lrichlorocthane) .................... -.15
" S tu im u s Ferolnible Body Burdens and Majumam
rcnniiitbW Concentration* mt Xadronoelidrs to Air
and in Water for Occupational Expoiur*." Juo* 5. IPJP. Alto, we U.S. D t parunen of O o iM tlt.
National Bureau af Standard*, Handlook It, " Per-
miiiiblc Soar from Enem a! Soum a of Xontiiof
Radiation." September 24. 1954, and addendum pt
*April 15, IMS.
128
THRESHOL:
Suxstaxcc Sifia
High (a' Memn
Lene (la*
Crisubalh Amorpbot. Silicates Asbestos .. Mica . . . . Portland
SirasTAtcct
Acetomrri Ally! gfyc
(ACE) Boron ox. 1: ten. But\
fas Cr'C. -Butyl
(BCE' Butyl n r Chlorror * Otlorobri DDVP
22-D. plate) Dtplyrid). Dimcth>' Endrin . achlor-M 5,6J5-'i *' endo. e mplul. ***. Ethand Ethyl mrGlytidol Hepori*lvrptneletmhyir inJene)
W iiu a m . W . Clack
--.THRESHOLD LIMIT VALVES FOE 1962
m
.. Sfiaaa! n d Ncm-lfetalEe X&orfsmc S u ss
M-PP.CJM
| fb ( d m SOft i t ri&re) . . . . 5 I Sfedfon (S 0 50ft free a S a ) ..J O
{.ir (Veto* Sft free a S re ).........50 . Gfciatnfitc (a to r e S r )........... . . . . 5
..................................JD
A desta .............................................. 5 Mire ............................................JO Portland C a h o t.......................... ..SO
Sw TAxa
. MJ\P .C F .2
Smprtnnc .................
JO
T ile ............................................. JD
Sfifcrlfatiierei:
Aluminum Owfe .........................5 0
Gdrite ........................................ JO
Datante ...........
JO
Limestone .................................. ....5 0
Marble .........................
50
SBcm C uW e .............................. JO.
Other inert dam .............
...5 0
I UUliana ai fanteW* rat tic tin af atr b tiiiw Mnptw aawiitJ le Kcta-fald wcWiiti.
TENTATIVE VALUES
SlflhTAKCC
Apprtne. Mr. per
P T J 1 . C sl M .s
SciSTA hCt
Appmr.
M p .|rr P .P JI. Cu. M*
2L. Acetonitrile . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
?** ADyl plyridyl ether " (ACE) ......................... 10
-r* Berat mode ....................
* ten Buryi chromate
(as CrO.) ................ .
Butyd plyridyl ether
(BGE) ............. ........... 50
Butyl mercaptan............... 10
r CMoroaeetaldehyde . . . . . . 1
Chlorpbromomtthane . . . . 200
' DDVP (0,0-Dimethyl-
22-DiehlorodivinyI phos-
phate)
rKcbtidy] ether (DGE) . 10
Dimethyl acetamide ........ 10
Endrin (U J ,4,10,10-becachloro-6,7-epoxy*l,4.4*,
5,6,733*-ocb hydro*],4-
endo, endo-53-dimethano-
*'* naphthalene) . . . . . . . . . . Ethanol amine........... . 03
Ethyl mercaptan . . . . . . . . . 250
-* .
Gb*odol ....................... Heptachlor (1,4,5,6,733*
50
i
hcptachloro-MAJJateirahydro-ij-methano
indene) ................. .
70
45 15
0.1
270 35 3 1J050
1 55 35
025 l
6J0 150
1 ;0J 5
scc-Hexyl acetate........... SCO 550
Isopropyl gfyridyl ether
(1GE) ......................... 50 Ketchc ............................ OS Methyl mercaptan........... SO
240 0.9
100
1-Kitropropanc . . . . . . . . . . 25
90
Fcntahorenc ................ 0005 0.01
PerthJoromethy! merreptaa 0.1 Phenyl piyadyl ether
03
(PGE) ......................... 50
310
Phosdrin (2-carbomelhaxy-
l-tneihyl vinyl dimethyl
phosphate) . . . . . . . . . . . Propyl nitrate............. 25
1100.1
5)itox .......... ..............
02
2,4,57 (2,4J-tnchloro*
pfcenoxy acetic add) ..
10
Teflon decomposition
products (as F) .........
0.05
123-TricMoropmpane . . . 50
300
UJ-TrieW oro-lJJ-
trifluoroethane .......... .1,000 7#00
Tatrthocresyd phosphate .
0.1
Triphenyl phosphate . . . . . 1
3
1 Fans af vapor ar g u per eiitlioo pan* af air ly
volumt at 25 C and 760 a m He p ro m t. F Appfadmm wuUtfrxm jt cubit B d tr af air.
WajJAM L Ball Hotaorr E -S tockce* H am * B. Elkjxs Wiluah F. Rcxsolla* \V. Clark Cootol K irm H. Jacosson P.usszl C. Scorns. Auak L Coleuax, Choimum