Document pm1Gy8JX1kxpz7jG4MQXbnJXw

Pages 13809-13825 Part II FEDERAL REGISTER VOLUME 25 NUMBER 251 Washington, Wednesday, December 28, 1960 Title 41--PUBLIC CONTRACTS tions where evidence is not required. the regulations herein promulgated has Where, therefore, the common experi relied quite extensively on the outstand Chapter 50--Division of Public Con ence of men is all that is needed to lead a rational and prudent person to the ing contributions of the private and pub lic organizations which arc generally ac tracts, Department of Labor conclusion that certain conditions of em cepted as preeminent in this field. PART 50-204--SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR FEDERAL SUPPLY CONTRACTS ployment are incompatible with the safety and health of employees, no de fense Is provided by the statutory "prima-facie evidence" rule merely be Among these are the publications of American Standards Association, Inc.. American Society of Mechanical Engi neers, National Fire Protection Associa The Walsh-Healey Public Contracts cause 6uch conditions may not be spe tion, National Board of Fire Underwrit Act (49 Stat. 2036, 41 U.8.C. 35 et sea.) requires that contracts entered Into by cifically prohibited In the State safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws, ers, the Public Health Service of the United States Department of Health, any agency of the United States for tho or the regulations hereby proposed. Education, and Welfare, the Bureau of manufacture or furnishing of materials, Neither is it necessary to call a witness Mines of the United States Department supplies, articles, and equipment In any amount exceeding $10,000 must contain, among other provisions, a stipulation to testify concerning the hazardous nature of such conditions. T7ie statutory rule of "prima-facie evi of the Interior, and the Atomic Energy Commission. Section 7(d) of the Administrative that no "part of such contract will be performed nor will any of the materials, dence" was not designed to deter the Secretary of Labor from diligent Inquiry Procedure Act recognizes that, even in the most formal type of administrative supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated in any plants, factories, buildings or surroundings or under working condi tions which are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees engaged in the performance of said contract". A single standard of safety and health conditions Is thus required for all work subject to the Act. An objective descrip tion of the working conditions encoun tered, established by a preponderance of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence, is, of course, essential to the administrative application of this stand ard. A second question which must be resolved Is whether conditions of the type described arc "unsanitary or haz ardous or dangerous to the health or safety of employees". This is a question of fact. For assistance in its resolution, the act provides a special rule of evi dence: "Compliance with the safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws of the State in which the work or part thereof is to be performed shall be prima-facie evidence of compliance with this subsection." The statutory prevision concernin'! "prima-facic evidence" does not purport to take the place of the uniform national standard. It has application only to issues which require evidence. In the even beyond the safety, sanitary, and factory inspection laws of the several states to discover more directly what are the "working conditions which are unsanitary or habavdous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees." This is demonstrated by the provisions in sections 4 and 5 of the Act, directing the Secretary to administer It and au thorizing him to appoint experts, make investigations, hold hearings, compel the production of evidence, and make find ings of fact. Accordingly, following en actment of the Act, experts were ap pointed and their testimony used In the administrative enforcement proceedings conducted under section 5 of the Act. Differences of opinion over what condi tions of employment fall to meet the statutory standard have thus been re solved with the assistance of expert testi mony on a case-by-case basis in nearly a quarter of a century of hearings and findings under the Act. These have been conducted in accordance with sections 5. 7, and 8 of the Administrative Pro cedure Act since its enactment. The hazardous characteristic of a par ticular working condition, is. of course, the likelihood that it will cause illness, or injury in the employment situation. This characteristic is not always im mediately apparent Causative analysis of injury frequency vales in industry has shed much light on the importance of adjudications, agency decision may rest on "official notice of a material fact not appearing in the evidence in the record," but it requires that "any party shall on timely request be afforded an oppor tunity to show the contrary"- The At torney General's Manual on the Admin istrative Procedure Act points out (p. 80) that this authority "extends properly to all matters as to which the agency by reason of its functions Is presumed to be expert, such as technical or scien tific facts within its specialized knowl edge. Cf. H.R. Rep. p. 38 (Sen. Doc. p. 272). * The matters thus noticed become a part of the record and, unless successfully controverted, furnish the same basis for findings of fact as does `evidence' in the usual sense." . The hazardous characteristics of many working conditions, thus being facts of a "technical or scientific" nature, and having come within the Department's "specialized knowledge" by reason of its experience, proof of them in administra tive adjudications by official notice is appropriate. The facts declared in these regulations are soundly based in the ex perience of the Department and in the experience of outstanding public and private experts in their specialized di visions of the field of health and safety engineering. The regulations herewith promulgated extend, however. Into areas absence of opposing evidence, it author certain precautions not fully appreciated in which reasonable men may differ. izes resolution of such issues compatibly by those responsible for the operation Any party to an administrative adjudi with the prima-facie evidence. Also, of industrial establishments. The De cation who is adversely affected by them niles concerning prima-facie evidence partment's discovery and evaluation of will, therefore, have the opportunity to obviously have no application in situa- these hazards and the development of contest them by presenting the issue in No, 231--Part 11------1 SC-ALL-10360 SCF-ALLF-02070 13309 13810 RULES AND REGULATIONS his responsive pleading and Introducing such evidence as he will he able to muster Guarding or Open-Sides Room. PLATtORMS AND BUMWAY* Pressure Vessels 60-204.120 BoUew. for consideration at his hearing. 60-204.23 Open-sided floor and platform. 50-204,121 Steam cookers, digesters, glue Publication of standards which will 50-204.28 Runway, guarding. underline the enforcement policy of the Ratlinos and QuAasa pots, etc. 50-204.122 Uuflred pressure vessels. agency which administers the Walsh- Healey Public Contracts Act will promote observance of the safety and health re quirements by curtailing uncertainty on the part of those whose duty it is to com ply. Such publication win permit the administrative adjudication of many safety and health cases without the necessity of calling an expert witness to the place of hearing to testify to the haz ardous nature of the working conditions denounced In the regulations. Except in cases where a party gives notice of in tent to challenge the safety standards 50-20437 50-20438 60-20429 60-204.34 60-20436 50-20430 50-20437 50-204.42 Standard railing. Stair railing. Strength of standard railing and stair railing. Elevators Elevator Inspection. Hoistways. Under car safety devlco. Hatch limit controls. ILLUMINATION Minimum standards. Ladders Tools an Equipment 50-204.127 Maintenance. 60-204.128 Portable electric power tools. 60-204.129 Portable pneumatic tools. 50-204430 Cobles, ropes, and chains. Ventilation and protection in Weloino ano Cuctino 50-204.136 50-204.136 60-204.137 60-204.138 60-204.139 Welding and cutting In conflned spaces. VentUatlon In conflned spaces. Mechanioal ventilation. Welding and cutting Involving metals of toxic significance. Protection to other employees. expressed in the regulation at hearing, as provided in the regulations herein promulgated, this element of possible controversy, and occasion of possible variety In decision, will be eliminated. These are the considerations which prompt this use of the authority ex 60-204.47 60-204.48 60-204.49 60-20430 60-20431 Construction and use of portable ladder*. Balls ot portable ladders. Painting or wooden ladders. Stepladders. , Fixed ladders. Aisled and Fasbacewats 60-204.140 Inert-gaa-metal aro welding. 80-204441 General welding and cutting. Electrical Ecomum 60-204.118 General plant wiring. Mechanical Power Tuansmission Apparatus 60-204463 Flywheels. pressed in section 4 of the Walsh-Realey 60-20436 Maintenance. 60-204.154 Cranks and connecting rods. Public Contracts Act to make "such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.*' Radiation standards for Inclusion In 60-204.57 50-204.62 80-204.63 AIdle widths. Material Storage Height, small articles. 50-204.155 60-204.188 60-204.157 60-204458 ToU rods or extension piston rods. Governor balls. Shafting Installation. Guarding horizontal shafting. the regulations herein promulgated as amendments are currently being drafted. They will apply the recommendations of the Federal Radiation Counoil ap 60-20434 60-20439 50-20436 Pipe and other long stook. Hanardous chemicals. Onset In cylinders. Otrrooo* Storage 50-204459 60-204460 50-204.161 Guarding vertical and Inclined shafting. Projecting shaft end*. Power-transmission apparatus located In basements. proved by the President for the guidance 50-204.71 Aisle spacing. 50-204482 Pulleys. of federal agencies May 18,1980 (38 FJR. 4403). As these regulations are rules of agency 50-204.72 60-204.73 60-204.74 60-204.73 Housekeeping. Drainage. Clearance signs. Derail and bumper blocks. 60-204.163 50-204.164 Horizontal belts, repes and chain drives. overhead chain and link belt drives. procedure or practice delineating facts 50-204.76 Traffic control signs. 60-204.166 Vertical and inclined belts. which will be officially noticed in en forcement proceedings under section 6 of the Act, notice of proposed rule mak 60-204.77 Open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc. Flammable Lrquina . 60-204466 Vertical belts. 60-204467 Oone-pulley belts. 50-204468 Gears. 60-204469 Sprockets and chains. ing and public proceedings in their adop 50-204.82 Sources of ignition. 60-204470 Openings tot Oiling. tion are not required by subsections 4 (a) and <b) of the Administrative Procedure Act. In accordance with section 4 of the 60-20433 80-20434 60-20435 60-20436 80-204.87 Vegetation removal. Housekeeping. Electrical lighting. Ventilation. Refuse storage. 50-204471 50-204472 50-204.173 50-204.174 Eviction drives. Keys, set screws, and other pro jections. . Collars. Couplings. Administrative Procedure Act (80 Stat. 238. s U.S.C. 1003), therefore, and under the authority of section 4 of the WalshHealey Public contracts Act (49 Stat. 50-20438 50-30439 60-20430 60-20431 Open flame devices prohibited. Bonding and grounding. Relief vents. Storage in other than flammable storage buildings. Guard Standards vo Mechanical Power Transmission 50-204.179 Materials. 80-204460 DISK, shield, and "U" guards. 3039,41 VAC. 38), effective 30 days after publication in the Vkdkbai Rxcisna, a new Part 60-204- -Safety and Health Standards, for Federal Supply Contracts, is hereby added to 41 CPR, Chapter 60. Scops ano Application 80-204.1 . Boope and application. Buxlbxnqs AMS APPURTENANCES 60-204.02 Safety containers. Paints and Painting 60-20437 60-20438 80-204.99 50-204.100 60-204.101 Storage of paints, varnishes, lacquers, thlnners. etc. Storage locations. storage or flammable paint ma terials In opened containers. Falnt-soUed clothing and drop doth. Housekeeping: paint scrapings 60-204.181 50-204.182 60-204483 50-204.184 60-204.186 Approved materials. Wood guards. Guards for horlxontal overhead belts. Guards for horizontal overhead rope and chain drives. Guard rails and toe boards. Miscellaneous Machine Guarding 60-204.100 Lathes and automatic screw ma chines. 80-2044 80-3044 80-204.4 80-2044 60-204.10 90-20441 60-204.12 Buildings. floors. Building egress. STAIRWASS OB STEPS Stair width of treads and height or risers, Stairway moln tenance. Dreads. Stairway raillags and handrails. 80-204.102 60-204.103 60-204.104 60-204.106 60-204.108 80-204,107 60-204.108 and paint saturated contain ers. Ventilation of harmful -sub stances. Ventllatlou of flammable vapor*. Smoking or open flames pro hibited. Electrical equipment. Electric motors. Enclosure driving belts. Storage of combustible and 50-204.191 60-204.192 60-204493 50-204.194 50-204.196 50-204.196 60-204.197 60-204.198 50-204.199 60-204.200 60-204.201 Drill presses. Planers untl shapers (metal). Shears. Guillotine cutters, power-driven. Power presses. Foot and hand presses. Other power-press safety devices, Platen presses. Abrasive wheels. Revolving drums and cylinders. Fans. OmiiiHS or Floo* Openiwds flammable cleaning materials. Woodworking Machinery and Floor holes Fins Prevention 60-204.208 Circular table saws. 50-204.17 Stairway floor openings. 60-204.113 Equipment, general. 60-204309 Swing nnd sliding cut-off saws. 80-204.18 Ladderway floor openings. 60-204.114 First aid fire fighting extinguish 50-204.210 Inverted swing cut-off saw* 60-204.19 Hatchway and chute floor. ers. general rules. (Jump saws). 60-304.20 Floor hole. 60-204416 Classification of extinguisher*. 60-204.211 Radial saws. Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER i:J8ii 60-204,212 Portable circular saws. minimum safety and health standards (e) Compliance with the standards 50-204.213 60-204.214 60-204.215 60-204.216 Band saws and band resaws. Jointers. Wood shapers, band-feed panel raisers and similar machines. Planing, molding, sticking and matching machines. which will be applied in the administra tion and enforcement of the Aot, In cluding proceedings under its section S and 41 CFR Part 60-203, Subpart A, to determine whether particular contracts expressed In Port 60-204 of this chapter will not relieve anyone from any obliga tion to comply with, any more strict standard stemming from any other source whatsoever. 60-204217 Sanding machines. Hooatticzarmo subject to the Act are being, or have been, performed in compliance with its Buildings and Appurtenances safety and health requirements. 50--204.2 Buildings. 60-204.229 60-204230 50-204231 60-204282 60-204.233 50-204234 General. Floors. Flammable materials. Tools and Other materials. Receptacles for waste disposal. Sweeping and refuse removal. (b> In all administrative, enforce ment, and investigative proceedings con ducted by the United States Department of Labor under the Aot, official notice will be taken of the fact that failure to Buildings and all appurtenances there to, Including bridges, towers, balconies, runways, and platforms, shall be struc turally safe to prevent collapse. Tomer Facilities and Wash Rooms 60-204239 50-204240 60-204241 60-204242 60-204243 50-204.244 60-204246 60-204.246 Separate toilet for each sex. Location. Water closets. construction of toilet rooms. Chemical closets and privies. Washing faculties. Change rooms. Retiring rooms for women. Loncb Rooms and Food Handuno 60-204.261 Location. . 60-204,262 Waste food disposal. 60-204263 Presence of toxic materials, Dmnkino Watch 60-204258 Potahle water. 60-204260 Hon-potable water. Medical Sxbvices 60-204264 Medical services. ETC PHOTCCZXON 60-204269 General requirement. 80-204270 First-aid for chemical burns. ENVnONMSMXAL CONDITIONS comply with the requirements e\pressed g 50-204.3 Floors. In this Part 60-204 of this chapter results In working conditions which are "unsan itary or hazardous to employees" within the meaning of section 1(e) of the Act, and contracts Incorporating the stipula tion It requires. (c) In formal enforcement proceed ings under section 5 of the Act, respond ents will be permitted to demonstrate, by reliable, substantial, and probative evidence, that their failure to comply (a> No floor or platform Bhall be so loaded as to have a factor of safety of less than four. That is, the weight placed upon a floor or platform shall not exceed one-fourth of the breaking strength of the platform or floor. \ (b) Floors, other than those resting directly on rolld ground, when used for heavy storage shall be clearly posted to show maximum safe floor loads. with the requirements expressed In Part 60-204 of this chapter did not result In (c) All floor surfaces Shall be kept clean and dry and maintained in a working conditions which were "unsani tary or hazardous or dangerous to em smooth (free from holes or projections that might cause tripping and reason ployees," but only if the answer to the ably nonsllppery) condition. complaint, filed under 41 CFR, 50-203.3, (d) Where the type of operation ne makes express allegation to that effect. Identifying the particular code unit cessitates working on floor anas which would be otherwise wet or slippery, such challenged and setting out the factual areas shall be covered with mats, grates, basis for the challenge, in the event cleats, or other high friction floor such issue is drawn, and reliable, sub coverings. stantial, and probative evidence Is intro (e> Safe means of access, suited to duced in support of the challenge, the conditions, shall be provided to every 60-204276 Toxic gases, vapors, fumes, dust pertinent portions of the publications of overhead point to which employees are and mists. the American Standards Association, called upon to go in connection with their 60-204276 Threshold limit values. Inc., American Society of Mechanical employment. Ventilation 60-204286 General ventilation and temper ' ature requirement. 60-204289 Local exhaust ventilation. NOISE Engineers, National Fire Protection As sociation, National Board of Fire Under writers, the Public Health Service of the United States Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department 50-204.4 Building egress. (a) Exits. Not less than two means of egress (other than ladders or eleva tors) as remote from each other as possible, shall be provided on every floor, 60-204296 Notae. of the Interior, and the Atomic Energy Including basements and cellars of every ' Pbsonal Pkorccrivx Equipment 60-204298 Personal protective equipment. Commission will be considered, together building or section where persons are with any other evidence that may be ad employed. On the street floor at least duced In support of the regulation, on one of these shall be a door leading di Minimo the issue whether the preponderance of rectly outside the building, and the other 60-304200 Federal Mine Safety code. the reliable, substantial, and probative may be a door leading outside the AutkoxrT: II 80-204.1 to 60-204200 Is sued under seo. 4, 49 Stat. 2038. 41 U.S.C. 88. interpret or apply sec. l, 49 Stat. 2036, 41 0.8.0. 36. evidence supports a finding that the working conditions prohibited In the reg ulation are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of building, or a standard horizontal exit. On upper floors and basements, one exit shall be an enclosed stairway or smoke- proof tower and the other or others may 50-204.1 Scope and application. employees. be inside stairways or horizontal exits (d) The standards expressed In Part or fire escape stairs. (a) The Walsh-Healey Public Con 50-204 of this chapter are for applica (b) Exit doors. Doors shall swing In tracts Act (40 Stat. 2036. 41 U.S.C. 36 tion to ordinary employment situations, the direction of exit and open in such et seq.) requires that contracts entered and do not preclude proof or recogni a manner as not to obstruct passage Into by any agency of the United States tion of the necessity of higher standards ways or corridors used as ways of egress. for the manufacture or furnishing of for employment situations of extraor No chairs or seats, fixtures, chutes, ma materials, supplies, articles, and equip dinary hazard. Neither do the standards terials, or equipment shall block or In ment In any amount exceeding $10,000 expressed in this Part 60-204 of this any way Jeopardize the use of ways and must contain, among other provisions, a chapter purpart to describe all of the means provided for egre3s. All exit stipulation that "No part of such con working conditions which are unsani doors and windows used as means of tract will be performed nor will any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equip ment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated In any plants, factories, build ings or surroundings or under working tary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees. Other working conditions may be found to be unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees on egress in case of fire or panic shall be so arranged as always to be opened readily from the inside. Locks on doors and windows. If provided, shall not re quire the use of a key to open. <c) Exit signs. All exits or means of conditions which are unsanitary or haz evidence to that effect, or without such egress shall be provided with a sign hav ardous or dangerous to the health and evidence, where such unsanitary or ing on it the word "EXIT" which shall safety of employees engaged in the per hazardous or dangerous characteristic be in letters at least five inches in height formance of the contract." This Port should be apparent to a rational and and plainly Indicate to persons within 50-204 of this chapter expresses certain prudent person of common experience. the building the location of such egress. 13812 RULES AND REGULATIONS Directional signs to the means of | 50-204.19 Hatchway and chute floor. (a) Runways, used exclusively for egress should necessary. be provided where Every hatchway and chute floor open ing shall be guarded either by: special purposes (such as oiling, shafting or filling tank cars). may have the rail ' stairways ok Steps g 50--204.9 Siair width of treads and height of riser*. (a) Hinged floor-opening cover of standard strength and construction equipped with railing constructed In ac cordance with sections 50-204.27 and ing on one side omitted where operating conditions necessitate such omission, providing there is no falling hazard. Railings and Guards There shall be no variation in the width of treads and height of risers in 50-204.29 so as to leave no exposed side. When the opening is not in use the cover 50--204.27 Standard railing. any flight. Where variation In heights shall be closed. A standard railing shall consist of top of risers In different flights Is necessary (b) A removable railing with toe rail, intermediate rail and posts, having on accoimt of varying story heights, such boards on not more than two sides of the a vertical height of 43 inches from upper variations shall not exceed %e inch. All opening and permanent railings with toe surface of top rail to floor, platform, run treads shall be at least 10 Inches wide. boards on all other exposed sides both way or ramp level. The top rail shall g 50-204.10 Stairway maintenance. constructed In accordance with sections 50-204.27 and 50-20429. The removable be smooth surfaced throughout the length of the rolling. The Intermediate Every stairway or step shall be main railings shall be kept in place when the rail shall be approximately halfway be tained In good repair, free from protrud opening is not in use. tween the top rail and floor, platform, ing bolts, screws, nails, dirt, or slippery (c) Where operating conditions neces runway or ramp. The ends of the rails conditions, and no storage shall be per sitate the feeding of material into any shall not overhang the terminal posts mitted on stairways. hatchway or chute opening from all except where such overhang does not g 50-204.11 Treads. sides, the guarding requirements will be constitute a projection hazard. Treads shall be renewed when the sur face, including the nosing, shows wear to the extent of V* inch or more. All metal satisfied if bars, chains, or other ade quate protection is provided to prevent a person from falling through the opening. g S0-204.28 Stair railing. A stair railing shall be of construction similar to a standard railing but the treads shall have a surface which will 50-204.20 Floor hole. vertical height shall be not more than reasonably prevent slipping. g 50-204.12 Stairway rollings mid hand rails. Every flight of stairs having four or more risers shall be equipped with a stair railing or handrails constructed to con form to the requirements of sections 50-204.2B and 50-204.29 under the fol lowing conditions: (a) On stairways of width less than 44 inches and having both sides en closed--at least one handrail on the right side descending. <b> On stairways of width less than 44 Inches and having one side open--at least one stair railing that shall be on the open side. <c) On stairways of width less than 44 Inches and having both sides open-- one stair railing on each side. (d) On stairways of width 44 inches or more but less than 88 Inches--one handrail on each enoiosed side and one stair railing on each open side. <e) On stairways 88 inches or more in width--one handrail on each enclosed side, one stair railing on each open side and one Intermediate sta.r Tailing lo cated approximately midway of the width. (f) Winding stairs shall be equipped with a handrail so offset as to prevent walking on any portions of the trends having width less than 6 Inches. Every floor hole except those described in sections 50-204.17,50-204.18.50-204.19 shall be guarded either by: (a) A railing constructed In conform ance with the requirement In sections 50-204.27 and 60-204.29 with standard toe board on all exposed sides; or (b) A floor opening cover, hinged In place. While the cover Is open, floor holes shall be constantly attended by someone or shall be protected by a port able enclosing railing. Guarding of Open-Sided Floors, Plat forms and Runways 50-204.25 Open-sided floor und plat form. (a)Every open-sided floor shall be guarded by a railing constructed In ac cordance with sections 50-204.27 and 50 204.29 on all open sides 5 feet or more above the adjacent floor or ground level, except where there is entrance to a romp, stairway or fixed ladder. The railing shall be provided with a toe board wherever, beneath the open sides, f 1) Persons con pass, i 2; There is moving machinery. or <3i There is equipment with which falling materials could create a hazard. ib> The intermediate railing and toe hoard required by sections 50-204.27 and 50-204.29 may be omitted where ma terials have to be regularly passed over the edge of the floor (as in lumber stor 34 Inches nor less than 30 Inches lrom upper surface of top rail to surface of tread in line with face of riser at forward edge of tread. (a) Intermediate rails shall not be required where stairways are 22 inches or less in width. g 50-204.29 Strength of standard railing and tair railing. The strength of standard railings and stair railings under different types of construction is specified as follows: (a) Wood railing: For wood railings, the posts shall be of at least 2 Inch by 4 Inch stock spaced not to exceed 8 feet; the top rails shall be of at least 2 Inch by 4 Inch stock or of two right angle pieces of at least 1 inch by 4 inch stock and the Intermediate rails shall be of at least 2 inch by 2 inch stock or of at least l inch by 4 inch stock. (b) Pipe railing: For pipe railings, the posts and top rails shall be metal pipe of at least IK inches inside diameter and the Intermediate rails shall be metal pipe of at least 1 inch inside diameter. The spacing of posts shall not exceed 8 feet. ic) Structural metal railings: For structural metal railings, the posts and top rails shall be angle Iron of at least Hi inches by l*i inches by \'in inch or other structural shapes of equivalent bending strength; and the intermediate rails shall be angle iron of at least 1 'A inches by 1K Indies by '/a inch or other Guarding of Floor Openings and age >, or where the railing is sot back 12 structural shapes of equivalent bending Floor Holes inches or more from tire edge. strength. The spacing of posts shall not 50-201.17 Stairway floor opening*. (c) The entire railing may be tempo exceed 8 feet. rarily removed from particular sections <d> Anchor posts: The onchoring of A railing constructed to conform to the of open-sided floors where regular oper posts and framing of members for rail requirements of sections 50-204.28 and ating conditions make a permanent vail ings of all types shall be of such con 50-204.29 shall be provided on all exposed ing wholly impracticable. struction that the completed structure sides of stairway floor openings (except at entrance to stairway). Standard toe 50-20 l,!(i Itiiiiuay guarding. shall be capable of withstanding a lood of at least 200 pounds applied in any boards shall be provided also, except in Every runway shall be guarded by a direction at any point of the top rail. stair towers. railing constructed In accordance v/itli ie> Toe board: A toe board shall bo 50--204.15 Laddcrmiy liuor opening*. sections 50-204.27 and 50-204.29 on all open sides 5 feet or more above floor or 4 inches in vertical height from top edge to the level of the floor, platform, run Every ladderway floor opening shall ground level. Wherever tools, machine way, or ramp. It shall be securely fas be guarded by a standard ratling with parts or materials are likely to be used on tened in place and with not more than K standard toe board on all exposed sides, the runway, a toe board shall also be inch clearance above floor level. It may except at entrance to opening. provided on each exposed side. be made of any substantial material Wednesday, December 28, I960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13813 either solid or with openings not over 1 6 50-204.49 Painting of wooden ladders. 50-204.64 Pipe uud oilier long stock. inch in length. '. Wooden ladders shall not be painted, Pipe and other long stock shall be Elevators as painting covers up defects. Linseed stored in suitable racks or blocked to 50-204.34 Elevator inspection.. oil or oil stain shall be used Instead. Elevator inspection by a competent g 50-204.50 Stcplndders, prevent spreading or rolling. Projecting ends shall be protected by location, rail ings, or barriers. elevator inspection service or mainte nance contract on an annual basis will be acceptable as evidence of satisfactory installation and maintenance. 50-204.35 Hoistways. All stepladders shall be provided with an automatic locking device or spreader of not more than 40 degrees to hold the front and back sections in open position. 50-204.51 Fixed ladders. 50-204.65 Hazardous chemicals. Hazardous chemicals shall be distinc tively marked to indicate their nature and stored in containers or locations suitable to the material. All hoistway openings at the floor level to the elevator shall be protected by doors or gates either manually or me chanically operated, and Interlocked with the elevator control so that it is impossible to start the elevator until the door or gate is locked in the closed posi tion, and also so that it is impossible to open the door or gate when the car is not at the lauding. 50--204.36 Under cur wifely device. All elevators other than hydraulic ele vators shall be equipped with an under car safety device operated by speed gov ernor control that will hold the elevator In case of cable failure or over speeding. 50--204.37 Hatch limit controls. All types of elevators shall be equipped with upper and lower travel limit de vices that will normally bring the car to rest at either terminal, and a final limit (a) Best platforms: If fixed ladders 50-204,66 Cases iu cylinder?. are used to ascend to heights exceeding 30 feet, a landing or rest platform shall be provided for each 30 feet or fraction thereof unless the ladder is provided with safety cages. (b) Bails: Ralls of fixed ladders to landings shall extend a distance of at least 3 feet above the landing. (c) Rungs: The rungs may be omitted above the- landing. Where an employee must step a greater distance than 14 inches from the ladder to roof, tank, hoist, etc., a landing shall be provided. <d> Guard rails: All fixed ladder landings shall be equipped with a stand ard guard rail and toe boards, so ar ranged as to give the safest possible ac cess to the ladder. Such platforms Bhall not be less than 24 inches in width. (a) Cylinders shall be supported In an upright position so as to prevent them from falling or rolling. (b) Cylinders shall be kept away from excessive heat, such as the direct rays of the sun. fc) Cylinders shall be stored away from combustible materials. (d) Empty cylinders shall be plainly marked "EMPTY,'* and the valves shall be closed. The empty cylinders Bhall be segregated from the full cylinders and returned to the supplier as soon as practicable. (e) Valve covers shall be kept in place at all times when the cylinder is not in use. Outdoor Storace 50--201.71 Aisle spucing. Aisles and Passageways ' Aisles shall be maintained between switch that will prevent the movement In either direction if opened by the car as the result of excessive, over travel in either direction. Illumination 50--204.42 Minimum standards. (a) Illumination shall be provided and distributed to all working areas as re quired in these regulations. (b> Seeing tasks requiring discrimina tion of fine detail under conditions of fair contrast and where the nature of the work is very exacting and prolonged shall be provided with a minimum of 100 foot-candles of illumination. (c> Seeing tasks requiring discrimina tion of detail over prolonged periods of time and under conditions of moderate contrast shall be provided with a mini mum of 50 foot-candles of illumination. <d) Seeing tasks requiting moderate 50-204.56 Maintenance. Permanent aisles and passageways shall be kept clear and in good repair, with no obstructions across or in aisles that might cause tripping. Where, due to lack of proper Identification, aisles and passageways are likely to become hazardous, they shall be clearly defined by painted lines, curbings, or other methods of marking. 50--204.57 Aisle widths. Where industrial trucks are in custom ary use, one-way traffic aisles shall be at least 2 feet wider than the widest vehicle. Two-way aisles shall be at least 3 feet wider than twice the width of the widest vehicle. Material Storage 50-201.62 Height. piles, between buildings, and between piles and the boundary of the storage site. Aisles shall be wide so as to reduce the danger of spread of fire from pile to pile and to permit ready access for fire fighting or emergency removal of material. 50--204.72 Housekeeping. The entire storage site shall be kept free from unnecessary accumulations of combustible materials. Weeds and grass shall be kept down and the area kept clean. 50--204,73 Drainage. Proper drainage shall be provided. 50--204.74 Clearance signs. Clearance signs to warn of clearance limits shall be provided. 50--204.75 Deruil anil liilinper blocks. discrimination of detail over intermit tent periods of time and under conditions of normal contrast shall be provided with a minimum of 30 foot-candles of (a) All material In bags, containers, or bundles, stored in tiers, shall be stacked, blocked, interlocked, and limited in height so that it is stable, so that it Is Derail and bumper blocks shall be pro vided on spur tracks. 50-201.76 Traffic control signs. Illumination. (c)Casual seeing tasks not involving discrimination of fine detail shall be pro vided with a minimum of 10 foot-candles of illumination. ff) Bough seeing tasks not requir ing critical seeing shall be provided with a minimum of 5 foot-candles of illumination secure against sliding or collapse. (b) Where automatic sprinkler pro tection is provided, clearance of at leant 18 Inches shall be maintained between the tops of materials and the underside of lowest beams or other overhead structures. Where reliance is placed on hose streams, clearance of at least 3 Ladders feet shall be maintained between the S 50--204.47 Comtriirtioii mill use of portulilc ladders. tops of piles and the underside of the lowest beams, girders, or other obstruc Portable ladders shall be substantially built, set level and well secured. tions which restrict the play . streams over the material. of hose 50-204.48 Ituilii of portable ladders. 50--204.63 Small article*. Traffic control signs to warn pedes trian, vehicular, and railroad traffic shall be provided. 50-204.77 Open pils, tanks, vats, ililcliON, etc. Covers or guard rails shall be provided to protect all open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc. near which people are regularly employed. Flammahle Liquids 50-20 1.112 Sources of ignition. All sources of ignition shall be pro hibited in areas where flammable liquids Balls of portable ladders shall always Small articles shell be stored in con are stored, handled, and processed. project at least three feet above work tainers suitable to the material, such a:> Suitable warning and "No Smoking" ing level and shall be of sound material. small cans or trays that can bo stacked. signs shall be posted in all such areas. Wednesday, December 28, I960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13S15 it and the pressure reducer. There shall equal to eight diameters of the cable, or 50--204.139 Protection to other em be no means of cutting off or bypassing when the wires on the crown of the ployees. this safety valve. Inspection and ade quate maintenance of the vessel. Includ ing regular testing of the safety valve, are mandatory. g 50-204.122 Unfired pressure vessels. (a) Air receivers shall be so Installed that all drains, handholes, and manholes therein are easily accessible. <b> Ah* receivers shall be supported with sufficient clearance to permit a com plete external inspection and to avoid corrosion of external surfaces. (c) Under* no circumstances shall air receivers be buried underground or* lo cated in an inaccessible place. (d) The receiver shall be located as close to the compressor or aftercooler as is possible to keep the discharge short (e) The receiver shall be located in a cool place to facilitate the condensation of moisture and oil vapors. strand are worn down to less than 60 percent of their original diameter. (d> Crane hoist cable shall be lu bricated and inspected at frequent Intervals. Ventilation and Protection in Welding and Cuttino 50-204.135 Welding nnd culling in confined spaces. For the purpose of this section a con fined space shall mean; (a) A space of less than 10,000 cubic feet per welder, or (b) A space having an overhead height of less than 16 feet, or (c) A space in which there are struc tural barriers to the extent that they significantly obstruct cross ventilation. 5(4-204.135 Vcnlllulimi in confuted (laces. In all cases employees In the Immedi ate vicinity of welding operations shall be protected in accordance with sections 60-204.269 and 50-204.298, 50--204.140 inert-gun metal-urc weld. g. , Since the Inert-gas metal-are welding process Involves the production of ultra violet radiation of Intensities five to thirty times that produced during shielded metal-aro welding, the decom position of chlorinated solvents by ultra violet rays, and the liberation of toxic fumes and gases, employees shall not be permitted to engage in, or be exposed to the process unless; (a) The use of chlorinated solvents is kept at least 200 feet from the exposed arc; surfaces prepared with chlorinated solvents are thoroughly dry before welding la permitted on such surface. Toots and Equipment All welding and cutting operations car (b) Shaded goggles with side shields 30-204.127 Maintenance. ried on in confined spaces shall be ade are worn by helpers and others in the quately mechanically ventilated to pre area not protected from the arc by Each employer shall be responsible for vent the accumulation of toxic gases or screening. the safe condition of the tools used by his possible oxygen deficiency or air sup (c) Protective clothing is worn by employees, whether furnished by him or plied respirators approved by the U.S. welders and others within the area ex by them, and be sure that such tools are Bureau of Mines shall be provided to the posed to radiation so that the skin is suited by safe design and construction welder and all other personnel in the covered completely to prevent burns and for the work to be done. immediate vicinity. other damage by ultraviolet rays; shirts 50-204.120 Portable electric power tools. (a) Electric power tools showing worn, deteriorated or inadequate insulation, split or chipped plugs, worn or bent plugs, terminals, defective switch, shall be repaired. (b) Portable electric power tools shall be effectively grounded to maintali at all times an effective ground on the non 50--204.137 Merlianiuil renlituliou. Mechanical ventilation shall consist of either general ventilation systems or lo cal exhaust systems. <a) General ventilation shall be at the minimum rate of 2.000 cubic feet per minute per welder. (b) Local exhaust shall consist of freely movable hoods intended to be placed by the welder as near as prac worn are dark In color to reduce reflec tion to the face from underneath the helmet; exposed cotton clothing Is cov ered since It disintegrates rapidly when exposed to high intensities of ultraviolet rays; welding helmets and hand shields are free of leaks and openings, and free of highly reflective surfaces. <d > Local exhaust ventilation or sup plied air respirators are provided In all cases when doing inert-gas metal-arc current carrying parts of the tools. 50-204.129 Portable pnciintuiic tools. <a) The operating trigger on portable hand-operated pneumatic equipment shall be so located as to minimize the ticable to the work being welded and pro vided with a rate of air flow sufficient to raalntatn a velocity in the direction of the hood of 100 linear feet per minute In the zone of welding when the hood Is at its most remote distance from the point welding of stainless steel to protect against dangerous concentrations of nitrogen dioxide. 50-204. M1 fGeneral welding and cul ling. possibility of accidental operation and of i/elding. Welding and cutting not Involving shall be arranged to close the air inlet valve automatically when the pressure of the operator's hand is removed. 50-204.138 Welding utid culling in volving mentis of toxic significance. conditions or materials described In sec tions 60-204.135 and 50-204.138 may normally be done without special pre (b) A tool retainer shall be Installed fa) Welding and cutting Involving the cautions, but where, because of unusual on each piece of pneumatic equipment following metals whether or not In con physical or atmospheric conditions, a which, without such a retainer, may fined spaces or in other enclosed spaces harmful accumulation of contaminants eject the tool. shall be done In accordance with the pro would exist, mechanical ventilation or (c) No tool change or work other than visions of sections 204.136 and 204.137. suitable respiratory protective equipment regular operations shall be made or done <1) Zinc-bcarlng base of filler metals shall be provided. on any piece of portable hand-operated or metals coated with zinc-bearing ma pneumatic equipment unless the stop terials. Electrical Installation and Equipment valve in the air line supplying that equip (2) Lead base metals. 50-201.1-18 Klcrlririil InMiillntion mill ment is closed. (3> Cadmium-bearing filler materials. equipment. 50-204.1 SO Cable*, rope*. mill duiius. (a) Chains, ropes, cobles, hooks, rings, slings, and other devices and accessories used for hoisting and lifting shall not be subjected to greater working loads than recommended by their manufacturers. They shall be frequently inspected and shall be renewed when lnpection reveals unsafe conditions. ib) Welding or cutting involving the following metals in confined spaces shall be done using local exhaust ventilation or air-line respirators approved by the U.S. Bureau of Mines. < 1) Metals containing lead, other than as an Impurity, or metals coated with lead-bearing materials, including paint. (2) Cadmium-bearing or cadmium- coated base metals. Electrical conductors and equipment installed within or on buildings and other premises and the conductors that connect the installation to a supply of electricity and other outside conductors adjacent to the promises shall conform to the minimum requirements of the Na tional Electrical Code, 1959 Edition, National FUe Protection Association. (b) Bolts or nails shall not be used f3> Metals coated with mercury-bear Mechanical Power Transmission to connect, splice, or shorten chains. ing metals, including paint. Apparatus Knots shall not be tied in the chain. <c> A hoist cable shall be considered (4> Boryllium-contatning base or filler metals. Because of its high toxicity, 30-20 1.153 Flywheel*. unsafe and shall be replaced when upon work involving beryllium shall be done Flywheels located so that any pavt is Inspection 10 percent or move of the total with both local exhaust ventilation and 7 feet or less pbove floor or platform shall number of wires are broken in a length air-llnc respirators. be guarded in one of the following ways: 13816 RULES AND REGULATIONS <a) With an enclosure of sheet, perf sides of the trough shall extend at least (c) Horizontal overhead belts more orated, or expanded metal, or woven 2 Inches beyond the shafting or protu than 7 feet above floor or platform shall wire. For standards, see sections 50 berance. For requirements regarding be guarded for their entire length under 204.119 and 50-204,180. materials and construction, see sections the following conditions: (b) With guard rails placed not less 58-204.179 and 50-204.181. (1) If located over passageways or than 15 inches nor more than 20 inches from rim. When flywheel extends into pit or is within 12 inches of floor, a standard toe board shall also be provided. For standards, see section 60-204.185. <c) An adjustable guard to be used for starting the engine or for running ad justment may be provided at the fly wheel of gas or oil engines. A slot 50-204.159 Guarding vertical and in clined shafting. Vertical and inclined shafting 7 feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting maintenance runways, shall be "nelosed with a stationary easing in accordance with requirements of sections 60-204.179 and 60-204.181. work places and traveling 1800 feet or more per minute. (2) If center to center distance between pulleys is 10 feet or more. (3) If belt is 8 inches or more in width. For detail of guard construction and for sizes of material see section 50-204.183 and table following section 50-204.184. (d) Where the upper and lower runs opening for the jack bar will be permitted. . (d) Wherever flywheels are above working areas, guards shall be installed having sufficient strength to hold the weight of the flywheel in the event of a shaft or wheel mounting failure. . 50--204.160 Projecting shaft ends. <a) Projecting shaft ends shall pre sent a smooth edge and end and shall not project more than one-half the di ameter of the shaft unless guarded by nonrotating caps or safety sleeves. of horizontal belts are so located that passage of persons between them would be possible, the passage shall be either: (1) Completely barred by a guard rail or other barrier in accordance with sec tions 50-204.179 and 60-204.181, or (2) Where passage Is regarded as nec g 50-204.154 Cranks and connecting rods. Cranks and connecting rods, when ex posed to contact, shall be guarded in accordance with sections 50-204.119 and 50-204.180 or by a guard rail as described In section 50-204.185. (b) Unused key-ways shall be filled up or covered. 50--204.161 Power-transmission appa ratus located in basements. All mechanical power transmission ap paratus located In basements, towers, and rooms used exclusively for power essary. there shall be a platform over the lower run guarded on either side by a railing completely filled in with wire mesh or other filler, or by a solid barrier. The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact therewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. In power plants, only the lower run of the g SO--204.155 Tail rods or extension piston rods. Tail rods or extension piston rods shall be guarded In accordance with sections 60-204.119 and 50-204.181 or by a guard rail on sides and end, with a clearance of not less than 15 nor more than 20 Inches when rod is fully extended. transmission equipment shall be guarded in accordance with these standards, ex cept that the requirements for safe guarding belts, pulleys, and shafting may be omitted if the following con ditions are met: (a) The basement, tower, or room oc cupied' by transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance. belt need be guarded. 50--204.164 Ovcrlicud clintn and link bell drives. Overhead chain and link belt drives are governed by the same rules as over head horizontal belts and shall be guarded In the same manner aa belts (section 60-204.163). 50-204.156 Governor balls. Governor balls 6 feet or less from the floor or other working level, when ex posed to contact shall be provided with an enclosure extending to the top of the governors balls when at their highest position. The material used in the con struction of this enclosure shall conform to sections 50-204.119 and 50-204.181. <b) The vertical clearance in passage ways between the floor and power trans mission beams, celling, or any other ob jects, is not less than 6 feet 6 inches. (c) The footing is dry, Ann. and level. <d) The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accidents. 50-204.162 Pulleys. 8 50--204,165 Vertical and , inclined bells. ' (a) Vertical and inclined belts shall be enclosed by a guard conforming to standards in sections 50-204.179 and 60-204.181. (b) All guards for inclined belts shall be arranged in such a maimer that a minimum clearance of 7 feet is main 50-204.157 Shufting installation. (a) Each continuous line of shafting shall be secured In a position against ex cessive end-wise movement. (b) Inclined and vertical shafts, par ticularly inclined Idler shafts, shall be securely held in position against endwise thrust 50--204.158 Cuardlng liorV/onlnt dm ft. ing. Any parts of which are 7 feet or less from the floor or working platform shall be guarded in accordance with the stand ards specified under section 50-204.179 and 60-204.181. Pulleys serving as bal ance wheels (e.g., punch presses) on which the point of contact between belt and pulley Is more than 6 feet 0 Inches from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering the spokes. See section 60-204.180. tained between belt and floor at any point outside of guard. 50--204.166 Vertical belts. Vertical belts running over a lower pulley more than 7 feet above floor or platform shall be guarded at the bottom In the same manner as horizontal over head belts, If conditions are such as stated in section 50-204.163(c) (1), (2), and (3). <a> All exposed parts of horizontal shafting 1 feet or less from floor or work ing platform, excepting runways used g 50-204.162 Horizontal belts, ropes and chain drives. 50-204,167 Cone-pulley belts, (a)The cone belt and pulley shall be exclusively for oiling, or running adjust (a) Where both runs of horizontal belts equippod with a belt shifter so con ments, shall be protected by a stationary arc 7 feet or less from the floor level, the structed as to guard adequately the nip- casing enclosing shafting completely or guard shall extend to at least fifteen point of the belt and pulley. If the by a trough enclosing sides and top or incites above the belt or to a standard frame of the belt shifter does not ade sides and bottom of shafting as location height (see table, section 50-204.181) ex quately guard the nip-point of the belt requires. cept that where both runs of a hori and pulley, the nip-point shall be fur (b) Wherever shafting extends over a zontal belt are 42 inches or less from the ther protected by means of a vertical driveway, it shall be protected as stated floor, the belt shall be fully enclosed guard placed in front of the pulley and above unless it is located 15 feet or more In accordance with sections 50-204.179 extending at least to the top of the above driveway. and 50-204.181. In power plants or largest step of the cone. (cl Shafting under bench machines power-development rooms, a guard rail <b) If the belt is of the endless type or shall be enclosed by a stationary casing, may be used in lieu of the requirement laced with rawhide laces, and a belt or by a trough at sides and top or sides In section 50-204.103- shifter is not desired, the nip-point of and bottom, as location requires. The <b) Overhead horizontal belts, with the belt pulley shall be protected by a sides of the trough shall come within at lower part 7 feet or less from the floor or nip-point guard located in front of the least 6 inches of the underside of table, platform, shall be guarded on sides and cone extending at least to the top of the or if shafting is located near floor, with bottom in accordance with section 50 largest step of the cone, and formed in 6 Inches of floor. In every case the 204.183. , to show the contour of the cone in order Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13817 to give the nip-point of the belt and covered with safety sleeves or where they 12 square feet, additional frame mem pulley the maximum protection. are used parallel with the shafting and bers 6hall be provided to maintain panel (c) II the cone is located less than are countersunk or else do not extend area within this limit. 3 leet from the floor or working plat beyond the flange of the coupling. (5) All Joints of framework shall be form, the cone pulley and belt shall be guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless of whether the belt is endless or laced Guard Standards for Mechanical Power Transmission made equivalent in strength to the ma terial of the frame. with rawhide. 50-204.163 Gears. Gears shall be guarded in accordance with one of the following specifications: (a) A complete enclosure. <b> A standard guard as described in section 204.181 at least 7 feet high ex tending 6 inches above tile mesh point of the gears. (c) By a band guard covering the face of the gear and having flanges extended inward beyond the root of the teeth on the exposed side or sides. Where any portion of the train of gears guarded by a band guard is less than 6 feet from the floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure to the height of 6 feet shall be*required. 50-204.169 Sprockets and chain*. 50-204.179 Mnteriul. (a) Standard conditions will be se emed by the use of the following ma terials: Expanded metal, perforated or solid metal or wire mesh on a frame of angle Iron or Iron pipe securely fastened to floor or to frame of machine (see sec tion 50-204.181). <1) All metal shall be free from burrs and sharp edges. (2) Wire mesh shall be of the type In which the wires are securely fastened at every cross point either by welding, soldering, or galvanising, except in case of diamond or square wire mesh made of No. 14 gauge wire, % Inch mesh or heavier. (b) Design of guards: (1) Where it Is necessary to change 50-204.180 Disk, shield, nnd "L" guards. (a) Disk guard: A disk guard shall consist of a sheet-metal disk not less than No. 22 gauge fastened by "U" bolts or rivets to spokes of pulleys, flywheels, or gears. Where possibility of contact with sharp edges of the disk exists, the edge shall be rolled or wired. In all cases the nuts shall be provided with lock nuts which shall be placed on the unex posed side of the wheel. . <b) Shield guards. (1) A shield guard shall consist of a frame filled In with wire mesh, expanded, perforated, or solid sheet metal. (2) If area of shield does not exceed 6 square feet the wire mesh or expanded metal may be fastened In a framework All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless more than 7 feet above the floor or platform. Where the drive extends over other machines or working areas, protection against fall ing shall be provided. g S0-204.170 Opening* for oiling. When frequent oiling must be made, openings with hinged or sliding self closing covers shall be provided. All points not readily accessible shall have oil feed tubes If lubricant is to be added while machinery is in motion. 50-204.171 Friction driven. (a) The driving point of all friction drives when exposed to contact shall be guarded. (b) All arm or spoke friction drives and all web friction drives with holes in the web shall be entirely enclosed. belts, make adjustments or apply oil or grease, guards shall have hinged sec tions or be removable. (2) Guards shall be designed so as not to interfere with the usual machine op erations, but give the maximum protec tion to the operator. (c) Methods of manufacture: (1) Filler material shall be expanded metal, sheet or perforated metal, or wire mesh and be securely fastened to frame. - (2) By welding to frame every 4 Inches. By weaving through channel or angle frame, or If No. 14 gauge % Inch mesh or heavier is used, by bending en tirely around rod frames. (3) Where openings in pipe railing are to be filled in with expanded metal, wire or sheet metal, the filler material shall be made Into panels with rolled edges or bound with "V" or "V" edging of % inch solid rod, % inch x % inch x Vs inch angle iron or metal construction of equivalent strength. (3) Metal shields may have edges en tirely rolled around a % Inch solid iron rod. AU material of shield guard shall meet the requirements of section 50-204.181. (c) "U" Guards: A `"U" guard con sisting of a flat surface with edge mem bers shall be designed to cover the under surface and lower edge of a belt, multiple chain, or rope drive. It shall be con structed of materials specified In table of section 50-204.181 and shall conform to the requirements of sections 60 204.183 and 50-204.184. Edges shall be smooth, and If size of guard requires, these edges shall be reinforced by rolling, wiring, or by binding with angle or flat iron. (c) All projecting bolts on friction of No. 24 gauge or heavier sheet metal 50--204.181 Approved material*. drives where exposed to contact shall be guarded. 50--204.172 Keys sot xorcus, and other projections. All projecting keys, set screws and other projections In revolving parts shall be removed or made flush or guarded by metal covers. This does not apply to keys or set screws within gear or sprocket casings or other enclosures, nor to keys, set screws, or oil cups in hubs of pulleys less than twenty inches in diameter where they are within the plane of the rim of the pulley. fastened to the panels with bolts or rivets spaced not more than 5 inches center to center. The bound panels shall be fastened to the railing by sheet-metal clips spaced not more than 5 inches center to center. (4) Where the design of guards re quires filled material of greater area than (a) Minimum Requirements. The materials and dimensions specified in this section shall apply to all guards ex cept horlzonal overhead belts, rope, cable or chain guards more than 7 feet above floor, or platform. (For the latter, see table following section 50-204.184.) Taiii.k or ST.\xmm> Matkmiai.* *st> I III! .Wuleiiul Clourunco fmm moving imrt al Lurecst mcsli or oil point* npcnltiK ullotvablo Minimum gauge (C.S. Ktandnrd) or tlilckucn Minimum ItcIgUt ol guard (mm floor or level 50-204.173 Collar.*. All revolving collars, including split collars, shall be cylindrical, and screws or bolts used in collate shall not project beyond the largest periphery of the collar. 50--201.174 Coupling*. (a) Shaft couplings shall be so con structed as to present no hazard from bolts, nuts, set screws, or revolving sur faces. (b) Bolts, nuts, and set screws will, however, be permitted where they ate Under 3"___ No Kl.................. 7'0". Wavrit wire... ................. 2"-t"............ . Under ....... No. 10--............ No 10................ No. 13.--......... Krpnndt'd metal .................. Under V'...... M"-10"............. No. 18................ No. IS................ IN1ilomlcd tttclul.................. ...... (Under l"...... t"-l(."....... No 20................ No. M................ .......... 7V\ Slioel iiirlnl.............................. _ (Under 4"___ 14"-15"........ No. 22................ _____ 7'0". No. 22--........... .......... 7'0". Wixtil nr Under 4"__ ' sIH[i ero**ed____ 4"-15"....... (Wood 1 Metal ........... No. in.... :::::: '0". (Wood i"........... I Metal No. 10.... VO*'. Wood or mrlnl strip no! imsscd- Under 4"___ ....... 4"-lS".......... ...... )i" width.............. (Wood 81"........... 1 Metal No. If,.... I" width............ (Wood \Metal ......... No. 10.... 7*0'\ 0". Sld. nil........................................ (Min. 15".... IMltf. 20"-- Jsefl Standard (or Hailing.* .Section KM .NWS. No. 251r-Part II------ 2 13818 RULES AND REGULATIONS (b) Framework: (l) Minimum dimensions of material for the framework of all guards except as noted in subparagraph (5) of this paragraph shall be angle iron 1 inch x 1 Inch x % inch, metal pipe of % inch in side diameter or metal construction of belt and follow the line of the pulley to the ceiling or be carried to the nearest wall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. Where belts are so located as to make it impracticable to carry the guard to wall or celling, construction of the guard shall be such as to enclose completely the of the pulleys which the guard encloses thus forming a trough. These side filler members shall be reinforced on the edges with I'/fe inch x J/ inch flat steel, riveted to the filling material at not greater than 8 Inch centers; the reinforcing strip shall be fastened or bolted to all guard sup equivalent strength. top and bottom runs of belt and the face porting members with at least one % <21 Ail guards shall be rigidly braced of pulleys. See section 50-204.183 (b) Inch rivet or bolt at each Intersection, every 3 feet or fractional part of their height to some fixed part of machinery or building structure. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equip and (c). (b) The guard and all its supporting members shall be securely fastened to wall or celling by gimlet-point lag screws and the ends shall be secured to the cell ing with lag screws or bolts. The filling materials shall be fastened to the frame work of the guard and the filler supports ment additional strength is necessary. or through bolts. Ih case of masonry by y10 tech rivets spaced on 4 Inch cen <3) The framework for all guards construction, expansion bolts shall be ters. The width of tbe multiple drive fastened to floor or working platform used. shall be determined by measuring the and without other support or bracing <c> Suitable reinforcement shall be distance from the outside of the first to shall consist of 1& Inch x l\k inch x & provided for the ceiling ratters or over the outside of the last rope or chain in inch angle iron, metal pipe or 1% inch head floor beams, where such is neces the group accommodated by the pulley. Inside diameter or meted construction of equivalent strength. All rectangular sary, to sustain safely the weight and stress likely to be Imposed by the guard. 50--204.185 Guard rails and toe boards. guards shall have at least 4 upright The interior surface of all guards, by (a) Guard rails shall be 42 Inches In frame members each of which shall be which is meant the surface of the guard height, with mid-rail between top rail carried to the floor and "be securely with which a belt will come in contact, and floor. fastened thereto. shall be smooth and free from all pro (b) Posts shall be not more than 8 (4) Cylindrical guards shall have at jections of any character, except where feet apart; they are to be permanent and lea6t 3 supporting members carried to construction demands It; protruding substantial, smooth, and free from pro floor. shallow round-head rivets may be used. truding nails, bolts, and splinters. If <6) Guards thirty inches or less in Overhead belt guards shall be at least made of pipe, the post shall be 1^ inches height and with a total surface not in one-quarter wider than the belt which inside diameter, or larger. If made of excess of ten square feet may have a they protect, except that this clearance metal shapes or bar's, their section shall framework of % Inch solid rod, % inch need not in any case exceed 6 Inches on be equal in strength to that of 1% by l x % inch x Va inch angle or metal con each side, overhead rope drive and by %<j inch angle iron. If made of wood, struction of equivalent strength. The block and roiler-chain-drlve guards shall the posts shall be 2 x 4 inches or larger. filling material shall correspond to the be not less than 6 inches wider than the The upper rail shall be 2 x 4 Inc' ns or requirements of the table contained in drive on each side. two 1x4 strips, one at the top anu one paragraph (a) of this section. (c> The specifications given in para graphs (a) and <b) of this section are the minimum requirements; where guards are exposed to unusual wear, deteriora tion or impact, heavier material and construction shall be used to protect amply against the specific hazards involved. $ 50-204.182 Wood guard*. (a) Wood guards may be used In the woodworking and chemical industries. In industries where the presence of fumes or where manufacturing conditions would cause the rapid deterioration of metal guards; also in construction work and in locations outdoors where extreme cold or extreme heat makes metal guards and railings undesirable. In all other industries, wood guards will not be allowed. In* overhead silent chain-drive guards where the chain is held from lateral displacement on the sprockets, the side clearances required on drives of 20 inch centers or under shall not be less than Vt inch from the nearest moving chain part and on drives of over 20 Inch centers a minimum of % inch from the nearest moving chain part (d) The table following section 60 204.184 gives sizes of materials to be used and general construction of guards for belts 10 Inches or more in width. No material for overhead belt guards should be smaller than that specified in this tabic for belts 10 to 14 Inches wide, even if the belt is less than 10 inches in width. However, No. 20 gaure sheet metal may be used as a filler on guards tor belts less than 10 inches wide. Ex panded metal, because of the sharp at the side of posts. The mid-rail shall be 1 x 4 inches or more. The rails (metal shapes, metql bars, or wood), shall be on that side of the posts which gives the best protection and support. Where panels are fitted with expanded metal or wire mesh as noted In table, section 204.181 the middle rails may be omitted. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment, addi tional strength may be necessary. (c) Toe boards shall be 4 Inches or. more in height, of wood, metal, or of metal grill not exceeding l Inch mesh. Miscellaneous Machine Guarding 50--204.190 Lathes and automatic screw machines. (a) Chucks and face plates shall be free from projections, and dogs, if used, shall be of the safety type only--circular <b) Material and construction. (1)Wood shall be sound, tough, and free from any loose knots. <2) Guards shall be made of planed lumber not less than one inch rough board measure and edges and corners rounded off. edges, shall not be used as a filler In hori zontal belt guards. (e> For clearance between guards and belts, ropes or chains of various center to center dimensions between the shafts, see bottom of table following section 50-204.184, in sh&pe with no projections beyond the periphery. (b) Chip guards to catch flying chips, particularly in tbe case of the high speeds used in the softer metals, shall be provided. (c) Rotating 6tock in turret lathes and <3) Wood guards shall be securely fastened together with wood screws, hard wood dowel pins, bolts, or rivets. 50--204.184 Ctiurdii foe liorixoutiil ourlicuil rope and chain drives. automatic screw machines shall be com pletely enclosed in pipe long enough to contain the longest stock used. . (4) While no definite dimensions are Overhead-rope and chain-drive guard <d) Suitable shields and Oil catchers given under this heading for framework construction shall conform to section 60 shall be provided to prevent slipperiness or filler materials, wood guards shall be 204.183 for overhead-belt guard con from oil thrown from the automatic equal in strength and rigidity to metal struction of similar width, except that screw machines. guards specified 204.181(a) (b) (c). in section 50- the filler materials shall be of the solid type as shown in table following section 50-204.191 Drill picssis. (5) For construction of standard wood 50-204.181(a) unless the fire hazard de (a) All projections on the rotating railing, see section 50-204.185. mands the use of open construction. A spindle and as mucli ns possible of the S 50-204,183 Guards overhead belts. for horizontal side guard member of the same solid fill ing material 6hall be carried up in a vertical position 2 Inches above tbe level spindle itself should be guarded. (b) Spindle drive belts, when in range of the operator's head or body, shall be (a) Guards for horizontal overhead of the lower run of the rope or chain guarded to protect the operator from belts shall run the entire length of the drive and 2 Inches within the periphery both contact and breakage. Wednesday, December 28, 1960 . FEDERAL REGISTER 13819 Qcxtio ntQuiasMKinv roR Horizontal OvFzlrodoeraodnBFellatt*t.oDh*orm, and Cuaiks 7 Frist on Mom: Auovu Mombora Over 10" to 11" loci. wwu Over 11" to 81" loci. Over 21" Muter111 Framework.......................... Filter (boUcotnlTl------- --- KUfcr nod vortical elds member. Filler lupjxvti_______________ _ Guard supports.......................... . FASTXlSIMGS IH r Ui '.x...J.t.".--. *2""x*8".x".M....M.--. . a"*a"*)4"........ 8" * Xe".......... No. 80 A.W.O .... No. 18 A.W.O.... No. 18 A.W.O... 2" x Mo'* flat Iron. 3"x J4" flat Iran.. %W r W x W ongh-, 8" X ?io"....... 2"x!t"........ 2)4"x94"............. AiirIo bon. Flatirau. Solid sticot nielal. Flat & Anglo. Flat Iran. Killer supports to framework.... Filler Ante to supports (belt eUawls) . Filler to homo null supitorts (roi midohaiu piards). Guard Rapports to framotvork.. Guard iindaimiKjna to overhaul cvllluc. (2) - Ir,".............. (2) H" (I) ("............ (1) Sin' (fl)li" ................ ltlvvts. (8) H"............... Flush rivets. ?(c" rivets simcod. 8"crnlcnmis((Ies tintl 1" renters on bo tom. (2) 94"............ it" x ah" ins screws or !i" holts. (2) Mo"........... 94" x 1" lag screws or :t bolts. (2) 94"............ Jl" x 0" lug screw's or ?l" holts, Rivets or lolls, bag screws or tolls, IIBTAUJS - KI'ACING, ktc. Width o( cuarAx........................... Spacing betnreon Oiler epparls,, uniM|liurlvr 2tl"C. to O. wider Ilian licit, roiw, 10" O. to V. or clinln10d"rOiv.el.oC. Spacing botweau Oiler flat (belt 2" apart...... 2)5" opurt-- 3" opurt....... guards). Spacing botwoeuguardsapiiorts 30" C\ to C SO" C. to C. 30" O. to C. OTHER DRI.T OVAnD TUUNO rgnsiiTTgo Sheet metal fastoacd os in rope No, 20 A.W.O...... No. 18 A.W.O .. No. Ifl A.W.O. and elmlo guards. Woven wire, a" inesh No. 12 A.W.O.... No. 10 A.W.O----- No.8 A.W.O.. Solid oe per* (oiutod, clearance mem octsiok nr nklt, sors, on chain nmvR to ariAhD (b) General requirements for point of operations guarding. Every point of op eration guarding device shall be simple and reliable In construction, application, and adjustment. It shall be perma nently attached to the press or the die. It shall not offer any accident hazard in itself. (1) The device shall be designed and constructed so that it is Impossible for the operator to place or permit his hand or fingers to remain within the danger zone created by the movement of the ram. (2) Care shall be used in the selection of the method of guarding for each par ticular job. Guards shall.be installed, maintained, and adjusted to produce safe operation at each setting of the press. (3) Guards which are attached to the ram and which move downward so that the operator's hand or fingers might be caught between gate and lower die shall not be used. (c) fixed barrier guard. (1) A fixed barrier guard is an enclosure to prevent the hands or fingers of the operator from entering the area between the dies, it may be attached to the press or individ ual guards may be attached to the dies. (2) There shall be no exposed shear points between the guard and any mov ing part. ninaitoacentcrloocntcrotslialis. Uj> to tf' IneL.--- Over 15' lo 2iV iticU Over 25' to tO' lud. Over 10*. Ctoranoe from bolt, rape, or G"........................... 10"......................... U".......... .............. 20". cbslu to guard. (3) Openings in the guard or between the guard and working surface shall not be greater than those shown in the Table below: 5(1-204.192 Planers uttd simpers consist of a two-handed device requiring Permissible Openings (inches) (metal). the simultaneous use of the worker's two (a) The spaces between the Ways of planer frames shall be filled in smoothly with heavy sheet metal to eliminate the shear hazard. (b) Where there is not a 12-lncb clearance between, a fixed object and the planer table and the work carried on the table, a railing shall be provided between the fixed object and the table and the work on the table to protect workers hands at points outside the zone of danger. <b> In addition to the point of opera tion guard or device described in sec tion 50-204.194(a), the power-driven guillotine cutter shall be provided with an arrangement which will prevent the cutter from making a second stroke until the lever or two-handed device is again used. Distance of opening Maximum from nip point: width of opening o% to tV4...................... V* 1)4 to 2)4.......................................... % 2% to 3%................................... % 2)4 to 814------ --------------- ----------- % 5)4 to 0)4-------m to 7V4............... % % 7)4 to 8%................. 1)4 (4) For the portion of the guard be tween the operator and the die or work passing between the fixed object and the 50--204.195 Power prcswu. ing area, it is required that %o-lnch planer. 50-204.193 Shears. (a) Alligator shears shall be guarded by running a heavy U-shaped metal strap horizontally around the moving (upper) Jaw with the lower edge of the (a) Safeguarding classification. One or more means of safeguarding the press at the point of operation shall be pro vided and used on every power press, depending upon the method of feeding, in accordance with the following; minimum vertical steel rods, vertically slotted material, or shatterproof, non flammable, transparent material be used. Mesh, or perforated plate shall not be used between the operator and the die. (3) Any hinged or movable section of a fixed barrier guard shall be con strap just far enough above the cutting SAFECtTAitoiNC Classification nected to an interlocking device that will edge of the fixed (lower) jaw to allow the Method of feeding prevent tripping the press while the sec material to be Inserted In the shears. press Safeguarding required tion is open. (b> Squaring shears shall be provided with a fixed bander which clears tho top of the table by not more than % inch plus the minimum thickness of material for which used. Automatic clamps shall be acceptable as guards when cutouts are filled in so that fingers of the op erator cannot enter the danger zone. Automatic feed: Fixed barrier guard or Automatic roll feed, gate guard (section Automatic push, 60-204.1BS (c). id) pull or dial feed. Ssmiautomatlc feed: Fixed barrier guard or Chute feed (bath gate guard (section gravity and fol- 60-204.195 (el. (d) low feed). Slide or push feed. Sliding dies. (d) Gate guards. (1)A gate guard Is a movable barrier arranged so that it completes the enclosure of the point of operation before the operating clutch can become engaged. (2) Openings in the barrier of the gate guard shall be not greater than those specified for the openings in fixed barrier 50--204.194 Guillotine cutters, power- Dial feed. guards in section 50-204.195(c) (3). The driven. (a) Power-driven guillotine cutters Revolving dies. Manual Iced_________ Fixed barrier guard tv gate guard, two- mechanism of the guard shall be de signed so that there will be no positive shall be equipped with a guard or device hand tripping device, linkage or other close motion which may which will prevent the hands of the workers from entering the zone traveled by the knife while the knife is in motion. or pull-out guard, trap tlie hand of the operator. electronic sweep guard (section 50 (3) Gate guards shall include either 204.198 (c), (d), (e). fixed or movable side enclosures around This may be a fixed barrier or it may (f>. (B). (h)) tire die. 13820 RULES AND REGULATIONS (4) When the speed of the ram is so reach behind the guard In the danger 8 50--204.198 Platen presses. slow that an operator might beat the ram on the down stroke after the press has been tripped, the gate guard shall be designed so that the gate remains closed until the ram has completed the down stroke. (c) Two-hand tripping device. (X) Two-hand tripping devices include only those which make It impossible to zone before the ram has completed its downward stroke. (3) The sweep or sweeps shall not offer any hazard of or in themselves by creating a shear hazard between the sweep aim and press tie rods, die straps, or other parts of the press or guard. <i) One-hand tripping device. When ever a press is set up so as to require Platen presses shall be provided with an automatic feed device, an automatic stop device, a guard gate or sweep motion device, or another device, all as defined in this section. (a) An automatic feed device is one which does not require the operator's hand to be placed between the platen and bed. trip the press without the simultaneous use of both hands outside the danger zone. It shall be designed, located, and tripping the ram or plunger by one hand, additional guarding as specified in sec tion 50-204.195 shall be provided. (b) An automatic stop device is one which will prevent the platen from dos ing if the hand or hands of the operator arranged so as to prevent tying, wedging, or otherwise securing one handle or but (JJ Special hand toots. Hand tools for placing and removing material shall are caught between the platen and the bed. ton or operating it with any gesture or foe such as to permit easy handling of (c) A guard, cate or sweep motion device and tripping the press while the other hand may be In the danger zone. (2) on friction-clutch-o p e r a t e d presses, the controls shall be nrranged so material without the operator's placing a hand In the danger zone. Such tools shall not be accepted In lieu of other guarding as provided in this section. device, is one which will throw the op erator's hands out of the way before the press closes. If the guard is of the type which lifts the hands out of the that if any hand is removed from a con trol during the down stroke of the ram. g 50--204.19ft Fool presses. danger zone, it shall rise at least 4 Inches above the platen before the press closes. It will be Instantly stopped. Foot presses shall be guarded by one The guard shall be arranged so that it (3) Where'two or more persons are or more of the guards described in sec will prevent a shear between the guard engaged in the operation of a single tion 50-204.195 (a) to <d). Inclusive. and the top of the platen. press, separate two-hand controls shall (a) Fixed harrier guards. Fixed bar (d) "Another device" is one that will be provided for each person, except that rier guards shall conform to section 50- prevent the platen from closing on the an auidllary foot control (air or electric) 204.195(c). operator's hands before they are removed may be used in lieu of one set of two-hand (b) Limitation of stroke. If a foot from between the platen and the bed. controls, provided the foot control is located so that the nip point is out of the or kick press is guarded by limitation of the ram stroke, the adjustment must bo g 59-204.199 Abrasive wheels. reach of the operator, but the foot con trols shall in no case be less than a dis set and locked securely in position to limit the maximum travel of the ram to (a) The machine shall be securely mounted on substantial floors, benohes, tance of 3Q inches measured horizontally from the nip point. (f) Pull-out guards. (1) Pull-out guards shall be so constructed as to be attached to the operator's hands or arms and connected to the ram, plunger, or outer slide of the press in such a way that the operator's hands and fingers will be withdrawn from the danger zone before the ram, plunger, or outer slide descends to a hazardous point, (2) Where the open distance between the top of the work and the lower ex tremity of the punch is less than 2 inches % inch on each stroke. There shall foundations or other adequate structures. be no pinching or crushing hazards be (b) Guards. Every stationary abra tween other parts of the ram or die shoe. sive wbeel and portable wheel used in (o) Gate guards. A gate shall be de signed to close the opening at the front of the press before the foot lever can be operated. ' (d) Two-hand operation. Two-band operations shall conform to section 50- 204.195(e). (e) Sweep guards. Sweep guard6 shall conform to section 80-204.185(h). (f) Pull-out guards. Pull-out guards shall conform to section 50-204.195(0. stationary position shall be equipped with a hood or band guard strong enough to withstand the shock of a bursting wheel A guard of this type shall also be used on every portable wheel where the nature of the work will permit. (c) Spindle. Hie spindle and nut and flange projection. If any, shall be guarded. (d) Mountings and fastenings. Hoods shall be mounted so as to maintain proper alignment with the wheels, and the multiplying action of this guard shall (g) Location. Foot presses shall not the strength of the fastenings shall ex be such that the hands will be with be located in a position which will permit ceed the strength of the hood. drawn a safe distance before this open the operating lever to extend into an (e) Dust exhaust provisions. Hoods distance is Vt closed. aisle or passageway. on machines used for dry grinding and (g) Electronic safety device. (l) (h) Mounting. Foot presses shall be other operations where dust is produced An electronic safety device shall be securely bolted to the floor. shall have provisions made for connec so designed and installed that when the operator's hand or any part of the body is in the die zone, the press cannot be tripped and if the hand or any part of the body is Inserted while the ram is g 50-204.197 Ollier power-press sufcljr devices. (a) Treadle guard. A substantial Ruavd shall be placed over the treadle tion to an exhaust system. (f) Work rests. Work rests shall toe kept adjusted close to the wheel with a maximum distance of Vs inch to prevent the work from being caught between the in a downward motion, it will immedi of every foot-operated power press to wheel end the rest. ately stop the ram. ' (2) These guards shall be operated from a circuit wired so that Interruption of the electric current will automatically prevent the press from tripping until the current has been restored. (3) Electronic safety devices shall not be used on positive clutch presses where the ram continues for a complete stroke prevent accidental tripping. (b) Foot treadle. The use of tension springs or counterweights on any treadle shaft or tension springs on any treadleshaft lever is prohibited. (c> Latch on hand-operating lever. Hand-operated power presses, shall be equipped with a spring latch on the op erating lever to prevent accidental or g 50--204.200 Revolving drunu and cyl inders. Every revolving barrel, drum or other revolving container shall be guarded by an enclosure which la interlocked with the driving mechanism, so that the barrel or drum cannot revolve unless the guard enclosure Is in place. after each tripping of the press. premature tripping. 50-204.201 Fails. <h) Sweep guards, (i) Sweep guards may be provided with cither' single or double sweep aims. The sweep arm, or arms, shall be connected to the ram in such a way as to forcibly sweep the (d) Interlocking device. Each hand- operated power press. If tended by more than one person at one time shall con form to the requirements of section 50204.195(e) (1) and (3). When the periphery of the blades of a fan la less than 2 feet above the floor or working level the blades shall be guarded. hands of the operator from the die zone <e) Single-stroke attachments. On Woodworking Machinery as the ram or plunger descends and be fore there is danger of Injury. positive-type clutch presses a single stroke attachment shall be provided, by 50--204.208 Circular table saws. (2) Sweep guards shall be so designed which the treadle or operating lever is (a) Guards. Each circular saw shall and operated that the operator cannot disconnected after each stroke. be guarded by a hood which shall com- Wednesday, December 28, 1980 FEDERAL REGISTER 13821 pletely enclose that portion of the saw from flying splinters, broken saw teeth, zontal head shall be equipped with a above the table and shall be arranged so etc., and will deflect sawdust away from cylindrical cutting head, the knife pro that the hood will automatically adjust the operator. The sides of the lower jection of which shall not exceed Ys inch itself to the thickness of, and remain in exposed portion of the blade shall be beyond the cylindrical body of the head. contact with, the material being cut. guarded to the full diameter of the blade (2) The clearance between the edge Where there is a possibility of contact by a device that will automatically ad of the rear table and the cutter head with a portion of a circular saw beneath just Itself to the thickness of the stock shall be not more than Ve Inch. The or behind the saw table, that portion and remain in contact with stock being table throat opening shall be not more shall be covered with a guard to prevent cut to give maximum protection possible than 2 Vi inches when tables are set or accidental contact with the saw. tor the operation being performed. aligned with each other for zero cut. (b> Spreaders. Each circular ripsaw (b) Spreaders. When radial saws are (b) Automatic guards. (1) Each shall be furnished with a spreader to used for ripping, a spreader shall be pro hand-fed jointer with a horizontal prevent material from squeezing the saw vided meeting the requirements ex cutting head shall have an automatic or being thrown back on the operator. pressed in section 60-204.208(b). ^guard which will cover all the section A spreader need not be used for work (c) Non-kickback fingers or dogs. of the head on the working side of the which is restricted to grooving, dadoing, Each radial saw used for ripping shall fence or gage. The guard shall keep or rabbeting. be provided with non-klckback fingers or the operator's hand from coming In con (c) Non-ktcfcback fingers or doas. dogs located on both sides of the saw tact with the revolving knives. The Each circular ripsaw shall be provided so as to oppose the thrust or tendency of guard shall automatically adjust Itself to with non-kickback fingers or dogs so the saw to pick up the material or to cover the unused portion of the head located as to oppose the thrust or tend throw it back toward the operator. and remain in contact with the material ency of the saw to pick up the material (d) Adjustable stops and return de at all times. or t6 throw it back toward the operator. vices. An adjustable stop shall be pro (2) Each hand-f8d jointer with hori 50--204,209 6IIWS. String und sliding cut-off vided to prevent the forward travel of the blade beyond the position necessary to complete the cut in repetitive operations. zontal cutting head shall have a guard which will cover the seotion of the head back of the gage or fence. The requirements expressed in this section.apply to all swing cut-off saws 50--Z04.212 Portable circular saws. <3) Bach wood Jointer with vertical head shall have either an exhaust hood and to those sliding cut-off saws which All portable power-driven saws shall or other guard so arranged as to enclose are mounted above the table. be equipped with guards above and below completely the revolving head, except for (a) Hood. Each of the saws to which the base plate or shoe. The upper guard a slot of such width as may be necesssary this section applies shall be provided shall cover the saw to the depth of the and convenient for the application of with a hood that shall completely en teeth, except for the arc required to material to be jointed. close the upper half of the saw, the arbor end, and the point of operation at all positions of the saw. The hood shall permit the base to be tilted. The lower guard shall cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except fer the minimum arc 50-204.215 Wood simpers, hand-fed panel raisers, and similar machines. be constructed in such a manner and of required to allow proper retraction and (a) The cutting heads of each wood such material that it will protect the contact with the work. When the tool shaper, hand-fed panel raiser, or other operator from flying splinters and broken is withdrawn from the work, the lower similar machine not automatically fed, saw teeth. It shall be designed so that guard shall automatically and instantly shall he enclosed with a cage or adjust it will automatically cover the lower por return to covering position, able guard designed to keep the opera tion of the blade, so that when the saw is returned to the back of the table the hood will rise on top of the fence, and 50--204.213 wuws. Bund saws uml baud re- tor's hands away from the cutting edge. The diameter of circular shaper guards shall be not less than the greatest di when the saw is moved forward the hood (a) Enclosing band-saw blades. All ameter of the cutter. In no oase shall will drop on top of and remain in con portions of the saw blade shall be en a warning device of leather or other tact with the table or material being closed or guarded, except for the work material attached to the spindle be cut. ing portion of the blade between the bot acceptable. <b> Counterweights. Each of the tom of the guide rolls and the table. (b) Cylindrical heads shall be used saws to which this section applies shall Band-saw wheels shall be fully encased. whenever the nature of the work will be provided with an effective device to The outside periphery of the enclosure permit. return the saw automatically to the back shall be solid. The front and back of (c) AU double-spindle shapers shall of the table when released at any point the band wheels shall be either enclosed be provided with a starting and stopping in its travel. by solid material or by wire mesh or device for each spindle. (e)Limit stops. Limit chains or other equally effective devices shall be provided to prevent the saw from swinging beyond the front or back edges of the table. <d) Latches. A latch or equivalent device shall be provided to prevent the saw from rebounding upon its return to the rear of the table. 50--204.210 Inverted i-winir cut-oil' (jump saws). perforated metal. Such mesh or per forated metal shall be not less than 0.037 inch <UJ5. Gauge No. 20), and the open ings shall be not greater than % inch. Solid material used for this purpose shall be of an equivalent strength and firm ness. The guard for the portion of the blade between the sliding guide and the upper-saw-wheel guard shall protect the operator from the saw blade at the front and outer side. Brakes shall be pro 50-204.216 Planing^ molding, sticking und matching machines. (a) Each planing, molding, sticking, and matching machine shall have all cutting heads, and saws if used, covered by a metal guard. If such guard is con structed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than Mr. inch in thick ness: and, if cast iron is used, It shall be not less than '); inch in thickness. Inverted swing-cut-off saws shall be vided to stop the wheel in, case of blade (b) Where an exhaust system is used, provided with a hood that will cover the breakage. the guards shall form part or all of the part of the saw that protrudes above the (b> Tetision. Each band-saw ma exhaust hood and shall be constructed top of the table or above the material chine shall be provided with a tension of metal of a thickness not less than that being cut. It shall automatically adjust control device to indicate a proper ten specified in paragraph (a) of this section. Itself to tire thickness of, and remain in sion for the standard saws used on the (c) Feed rolls shall be guarded by a contact with, the material being cut. machine. hood or suitable guard to prevent the 50--204.211 Rudifll saws. (C) Feed rolls. Feed rolls or band re hands of the operator from COminGT in saws shall be protected with a guard to contact with the In-running rolls at any (a) Hoods and guards. The upper prevent the hands of the operator from point. The guard shall be fastened to hood shall completely enclose the upper coming in contact with the in-running the frame carrying the rolls so as to re portion of the blade down to a point rolls at any point. that will include the end of the saw arbor. The upper hood shall be con 50-204.214 Jointers. ' main in adjustment for any thickness of stock. (d) Surfaeere or planers used in proc structed in such a manner and of such <a> Point of operation. (1) Each essing multiple pieces of material simul material that it will protect the operator hand-fed planer and jointer with horl- taneously shall be provided with sec- 13S22 RULES AND REGULATIONS tional infeed rolls having sufficient yield 50-204.232 Tools and oilier materials. (c) Covered receptacles shall be kept In the construction of the sections to provide feeding contact pressure on the stock, over the permissible range of variation in stock thickness specified or for which the machine is designed. In lieu of such yielding sectional rolls, suit* Tools, materials, or debris shall not be strewn about In a manner which may cause tripping or other hazards. g 50-204.233 Receptacles for wa?tc dis posal. In all toilet rooms used by women. 50-204.242 Construction of toilet room*. (&) Each toilet facility (closet) shall occupy a separate compartment, able section kickback finger devices shall Any receptacle used for decaying solid equipped with a door, latch, and clothes be provided at the Infeed end. or liquid waste or refuse shall be so con hook. 50-204.217 Sanding ninrhincn. structed that It does not leak and may be (b) The walls of compartments or conveniently and thoroughly cleaned, partitions between fixtures may be less (a) Feed rolls. Feed rolls of self-feed -and it.shall be maintained in a sanitary than the height of room walls, but the sanding machines shall be protected with condition. Such a receptacle shall be top shall not be less than six feet from a seml*cyllndrical guard to prevent the equipped with a tight-fitting cover. the floor and the bottom not more'than hands of the operator from coming In contact with the ln-running rolls at any point The guard shall be constructed g 50--204234 moval. Sweeping and refuse re one foot from the floor. (c) The door to every toilet room shall be fitted with an effective self-closing of heavy material firmly secured to the fiame carrying the rolls so as to remain All sweepings, solid or liquid waste, refuse, and garbage shall be removed In device, and the entrance to the toilet rooms shall be so screened that the in in adjustment for any thickness of stock. such a manner as to avoid creating a terior of the toilet room Is not visible The bottom of the guard shall come nuisance or menace to health and as from the workroom. down to within % inch of a plane formed by the bottom or contact face of the feed roll, where it touches the stock. <b) Drum sanding machines. Each drum sanding machine shall have an exhaust hood, or other guard, arranged to enclose the revolving di-um, except for that portion of the drum above the tabla, often as necessary to maintain the place of employment in a sanitary condition. Toilet Facilities and Wash Rooms g 50-2041239 Separate toilet for each KCX, Every place of employment shall be provided with adequate toilet facilities (d) The floors, walls, ceilings, parti tions, and.doors of all toilet rooms shall be of a finish that can be easily cleaned. (e) Toilet rooms, except those In work places accessible to men only, shall be completely enclosed with solid material that is nontransparent from the outside. if a table is used. which ore separate for each sex. g 50-204.243 Chemical closets and (o) Disk sanding machines. Each privteo. disk sanding machine shall have the exhaust hood, or other guard if no ex haust system is required, arranged to enclose the revolving disk, except for that portion of the disk above the table, if a table Is used. 50-2041240 Location. Toilet facilities shall be provided so as to be readily accessible to all employees. Toilet facilities so located that employees must use more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs are not considered as When chemical closets or. privies are permitted by local law they shall be of a type approved by the health authorities having Jurisdiction and shall be main tained in a sanitary condition. <d) Sett sanding machines. Belt readily accessible. 50-204.244 Washing facilities. sanding machines shall be provided with guards at each nip point where the sand ing belt runs on to a pulley. The unused run of the sanding belt shall be guarded against accidental contact. ' Housekeeping g 50-204.229 General. All phases of employment, passage ways, storerooms, and service rooms shall be kept clean and orderly and In a sanitary condition. 50-204.230 Floors. (a) Floors of every workroom shall be maintained in a clean, and, so far as pos sible, a dry condition. Where wet proc esses are used, drainage shall be main 50-204.241 Water closeu. Water closets, or chemical closets or privies where permitted by local law, shall be provided for each sex and shall be In accordance with the following table. The number to be provided for each sex shall in every case be based on ' maximum number of persons of that sex employed at any one time at work on the premises for which the facilities are furnished. When persons other than employees are permitted the use of toilet facilities on the premises, a reasonable allowance shall be made for such other persons in computing the minimum number of toilet facilities required. (a) Minimum Adequate facilities for maintaining personal cleanliness shall be provided in every place of employment These shall be convenient for the employees for whom they are provided and shall be maintained In a sanitary condition. (a> At least one lavatory (washbasin) with adequate hot and cold water, shall be provided for every 20 employees (men or women) or portion thereof, up to 100 persons, and one lavatory (wash basin) for each additional 25 persons or portion thereof. Twenty-four inches of sink with Individual faucet shall be considered as equal to one lavatory. In all In stances. a suitable cleansing agent shall be provided at each wash place. (b) Where employees arc exposed to tained, and false floors, platforms, mats, number of skin contamination, by poisonous, infec or other dry standing places should be Number of persons facilities tious, or irritating material, one lavatory provided where practicable. (b) Cleaning and sweeping shall be done in such a manner as to minimize the contamination of the air with dust and, so far as is practicable, should be done outside of working hours. <c) Every floor, working place, and passageway shall be kept free from pro i toe............................................................. l supplied with hot and cold water, shall to to 84......................................... 88 to 40...................................... 50 to 74............................................................... 76 to 100____________________ 3 be providead for every & 4 (c) One shower bath employees. with ample sup ply of ho6t and cold water from one Over 100____.. ................................. ........ (> fixture shall be supplied for every 15 11 lor each additional 30 persons. workers, or portion thereof, exposed to excessive heat or to stda contamination Where 10 or more are employed, one by poisonous, infectious, or Irritating truding nails, splinters, holes, or loose boards. 50-204.231 Flammable materials. Oily rags, oily waste, waste paper and other flammable and combustible mate rial shall be stored in tightly closed metal containers. Magnesium and other flam mable metal scraps shall not be mixed water closet less than the number speci fied in the foregoing may be provided for men for each urinal, except that the number of water closets In such cases may not be reduced to less than two- tmrds of the number specified In the foregoing. Two feet of trough urinal shall be considered as equivalent to one Individual urinal. material. (d) Individual hand towels, or sections thereof, of cloth or pap^r, or mechanical apparatus for drying the hands, shall be provided. Proper receptacles nr other sanitary means shall be maintained for the disposal of used towels. Towels for common use shall not be provided. with other scrap. All flammable scrap (W An adequate supply of toilet paper (e) Adequate washing facilities shall material of any kind shall be removed with holder 6hall bo provided, for every be provided In every toilet room or ad from the work areas dally. water closet. _ jacent thereto. Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 50-204.245 Change rooms. water the construction of the container furnace tending, and irradiation with Separate change or dressing rooms shall be provided for each sex wher ever it is the practice to change from street clothes or wherever it is necessary to change because (he work performed involves exposure to excessive dirt, heat, fumes, vapor, or moisture. Where change rooms are not provided, facili ties shall be furnisher-. for hanging outer garments: (a) Where employees' work clothes are exposed to contamination by poisonous, infectious, or irritating material, facili ties shall be provided in change rooms so that street and work clothes will not be stored in contact with each other. (b) Where the process in which the worker is engaged is such that his work ing clothes become wet or have to be washed between shifts, provision shall be made to insure that suoh clothing is dry before re-use. shall be such that the ice does not come in direct contact with the water. (c) Open containers such as barrels, pails, or tanks for drinking water from which the water must be dipped or poured, whether or not they are fitted with a cover, shall not be allowed,. <d) The common drinking cup is prohibited. ' (e) Where single service cups are sup plied, a sanitary container for the unused cups and a receptacle for disposing of the used cups shall be provided. 50-204.259 Noii-pvtuble nuler. Outlets for non-potable water,, such as water for industrial or fire-fighting purposes only, shall be posted to indicate that the water is unsafe and is not to be used for drinking, washing, or cooking purposes. Medical services ultraviolet light. 8 50-204.270 Fir.t-rud for cUemicul burns. Where workers' eyes may be exposed to Injurious chemical materials such as acids, caustics, etc., suitable facilities for quick drenching or flushing of the eyes shall be provided within the workroom, for immediate emergency use. Environmental Conditions 50-204.275 Toxic g a a vapor*, fume*, diiMx, anil inislc. No employee shall be exposed to any of the gases, vapors, mists, dusts, or fumes on the list In section 50-204.276 which exceed the limits there stated when ap plied to him on an average basis for an eight hour workday, unless he is pro tected therefrom by respiration equip ment approved for the purpose by the 50-204.246 Retiring rooini. for trunirn. Where 10 or more women are employed at any one time, at least one retiring room shall be provided. (a) Where less than 10 women are employed and a retiring room is not fur nished, some equivalent space shall be provided which can be properly screened for privacy and made suitable for the use of women employees. (b) At least one couch or bed shall be provided in every place where women are employed. The number of such beds or couches required shall be as follows : Beds 1 to 100...........................................--.......... 1 100 to 250........................-............................ 2 1 additional bed for each additional 250 women employees. A minimum of 60 square feet per bed shall be provided. Lunch Rooms and Poos Handling 50--204.251 Locution. 50--204.264 Medical service*. (a) The employer shall assure the ready availability of qualified medical personnel for advice and consultation on plant health problems, for emergency medical services, and for the supervision of first-aid attendants. (b) In the absence of an infirmary, a person trained to render first aid and n kit containing the following Items shall be available at every place of employment. I Adhesive Plaster x 6 yd. Roll. 1 Adhesive Plaster, lxt yd. Boll. 2 Absorbent Cotton. 2-ounce packages. 1 Absorbent Gauze, 1 yd. ' 1 Actlvol Soap, 2-ounce bottle. 100 Adhesive Bandages, 1". l Aromatic Spirits of Ammonia, 2-ounce bottle. ' 1 Boric Acid Solution, 2-ounce bottle. 1 Castor Oil, 2-ounce bottle. 12 Compress Bandages, 2". 4 Compress Bandages, 4". 12 Cotton Wound Applicators. United States Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the Ul terior and operated in accordance with the recommendations of its manufac turer. Exposures without such equip ment which exceed such limits tempo rarily. without exceeding them on a daily average basis, or which Involve more than one such toxic substance, regard less of the degree of its concentration, are also hazardous unless they are undertaken in strict conformity with prior written approval of a qualified in dustrial hygienist who has studied the particular circumstances of exposure and the toxic substances and concentra tions involved. 50-204.276 Tliresliolrl limit values. (.fswtft mm3 vnpoi.s- J?uto>tMK(* Purls per lullliou parts or olrby volume Milligrams per cubic meter ofalr In all places of employment wher e em ployees lunch on the premises, an ade quate space suitable for that purpose shaTl be provided for the maximum num ber of employees who may use such space at one time. Such space shall be sepa rate from any location where there Is ex posure to toxic materials. 50--204.252 Wuslc food dispoMtl. A covered receptacle shall be provided and shall be used by employees for the disposal of all waste food. 50-204.253 Prci'fiiff of toxic iiuilcrials. No employee shall be permitted to store or eat any part of his lunch or other food at any time where there are present any toxic material or other sub stance that may be Injurious to health. Drinking Water g 50-204.258 Polublc writer. (a) An adequate supply of potable water, approved as to source and dis tribution by appropriate authority, shall be provided for drinking, washing and cooking purposes in all places of employment. lb) In all Instances where water is cooled by Ice made from non-potable 1 Eye Cup. 1 Eye Dropper. 6 Finger Cots. 9 Follle for Burns, Jo oz. tubes. 1 Faille for Burns, 2-ounce bottle. 6 Oauze Holler Bandages 1" x 6 yds. 0 Gauze Holler Bandages 2" x 6 yds. 6 Gauze Holler Bandages 3" x a yds. 10 Gauze Sterilized, 12" x 18". 1 Merthlolote, Tincture, 2-ounce bottle. 1 Medicine Glass. 1 Manual First Aid Instruction. 1 Scissors Pair 4" Bandage. 1 Tweezers Pair 3V4". 12 Safety Pins. 1 Spoon. 1 Tourniquet. 2 Triangular Bandages 40". 6 Wood Splints for Fractures. 12 Wood Tongue Depressors. Dye Protection 50-204.269 General requirement. Eye protection shall be provided where persons are exposed to any hazard which may cause injury to the eyes from the following operations: chipping, calking, coarse grinding, riveting, sledging, scal ing, light grinding, stone dressing, spot welding, woodworking, metal-working, babbitting, casting, dipping in hot metal baths, handling of acids and caustics, electric aro welding, oxyacetylene and oxyhydrogen welding and cutting, Acetaldehyde.................. * Acetic ucUL.............................. Acetic anhydride.,.................. Acetone................................. Awoltin............. .................... ArrylonUrUc.................... . AUylnloohol.......................... Ally! chtorldfi.......................... Allyl propyl disulfide.............. Ammonia.................... ... Amyl acetate...................... . Amy]' alcohol (isoemyl al* Atittlno..*.........'........ Arsine....... .............................. Baucn (heuEgj)..................... Bcnayl eWorld...................... . Jiromlnc....... ,,........................ . Butadiene U(abtitadiviie)___ Diitmtanc (methyl ethyl ko* tone)................................... Butyl ucvinto (u-bui vl ace* tute)..................................... Butyl ulcotol......................... Butylttmlnc............................ Buryi wMobOU'c (2-tuUoxy- oilmtiol)................................ Cartoon dioxide........................ Curlmn dbuHldr..................... Cartoon monoxide_____ Cartoon tetrachloride............... Cvilosolvo )tovyefJtunc!J_. Ccltosnlvo acetate (2-etliovy- ethyl acetate)....................... Chlorine..----....................... Cltlorbio trlfilXArldi*__ .....__ CMorohonn'iio (tutmoenloro. briiionc................. ................ Chloroform ftrlchloiooiethaoc) l-Chlcro-l-nltropropnnc.......... CltkiiPpiet in-.......................... Chtalodmkpririer)u..u....(.2..c..3.)U..h...d...,.3.-.l.>.u.- Cresol (all isomers).................. Cyclohexane........................... . Cyclohcvauol........................... 200 in .T 1,000 .5 20,* a 2 ion 200 100 b a:..0.1 i 1.000 250 jon ion A (MX) 20 inn 25 200 100 1 .1 7& mo 20 1 25ft 40U 100 son 2f 2u 2, tui 1.3 4a VJ 15 12 70 1,000 300 1U .2 SO 5 7 2.200 NO tl 15 210 0.01X1 on no l(in 741) A4U a .4 33! 4On 100 7 on 22 ],*U0 410 13824 iULES AND REGULATIONS i^ ll| 1 ** Quits ana vopon-Substancc Parts per million parts of air by volume Milligram* perouble meter of air Oases aud eopors--Substance Milligram9 pr cubic meter ofnlr TOXIC DUSTS, FUMES, AND MISTS--Con. Milligrams per cubic Substance meter o/ atr Magnesium oxide fume15 Malathlon (O,)-dimethyl dltbiophos- Cyobitmanona....... .......... CytlohMfns____________ Cyclopropane---------------- DccalMrsue,............------- Dlacetone alcohol (4-bydiOxy- t-mathyU-peutacooc-). nihofono---------------------- ,i o-DtclitoroWiimicj Plrtiturodinuoromcthnne--------, l .t-Mcbturoclliano------ ....... l.JDIchloroetlune tctliytooc dlchlartilc)....... -........... ........ ijl-Dtohlorocttiykmo................ ) Mchtonxtbyl ether--------------UldduromcnomioropifQuino.. l.l-Dlehloro-l-nltroctluinc........' JMchtototstrofluoiuethaitc....... DlctliylomUic------------------------; PUluororttlmim'itnethane........ I OtUolmtvl ketone.vv| PluicthyhntHno (X-dliucthyl-t anlUr.o)...--.................. 1 PiroeihylKiifate----- .. Dloxano (dtcthylcno oiovlac).. Ethyl scctstc.....----------------I Ethyl acrylate------------ Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) Etliylamlne---------------- Ethyl chloride...----------------- ; Ethyl ether................................ Ethyl fbnoote------------- -------EthylsUleate.. ....................... Ethylene chit)rollyurtft---------- 1 Ethylenedlamloe. Etlrylcno dlhroHilda (l,2-<H- bromocthare)....................... Ethylene tmlne....................... Ethyleno oxide.......... -............. Fluorluo__________ yiuorotrlchlnromethnuo.......... Formaldehyde......................... Furfural...... ............................. 11 <ou 400 .03 4nn 1.930 two .3 CO ,1 no l.rotUtu UK) . 240 .1 .mo 4.030 400 too SOU IS ,<IUU 10 ,000 20 1WI ;*u ft i ltKI 4W> 25 .OUU zs 200 aw taut 100 iuo 100 .r 10 1 K> 7UO in 4, at) 00 1 r.isn ' 75 . 800 2W 25 5 : 3ft> ! 1.400 1 ion , l.OUU i 45 i 870 ' SOU i 2.000 1,200 . UK) ! K50 lii , 30 2r> 5 ft> ,i I.0OO r. r> . 1. : ; 1110 9 *2 s.iioo li 20 Fercblorethylcne (tetroelilorootbylcuo)................ .............. Phenol.......--..................... Pbenylhydroitne-------------------- 200 5ft Phosgene (oorbonyl obloHdc).. Pltosphlne....--------------------Fhosithorns trtcbwrido---------Propyl acetate--------- -----------Fropyloleolwl (Isopropyl uleo- bnl), Propyl other (Isopropyl oilier) i .05 .ft 200 400 sin Propylene dlclilortdo (1,4-dlchlnroproiiotie) Tiepyleue tmlne. t'ropylcnu oxide.. Pyrldluc--........... Onluonc........ -- Stlblm:_________ Stoddard solvent---------Styrene monomer (pUcnyietn- ylcr.e)................................. Snlfnr dioxide--.................. Sulfur lkx.dluuildc---------Sulfur rtoiwcMm-Mc---------Sulfur iientafluorlde---------- 7fi 25 100 10 .1 .1 an ICO A i.oin i .025 Tertiary butyl alcohol------p-Tei tUrybutyltoIucne___ l.l,2,2-Twraeh|nrocthsne,,. Tctmbydrofnran----------------- TctmultreiiKthono................. Toluene (toluol)...................... o-TolultUno............................. Trichloroethylene................... Trtcthylomlne................ ....... Trilluoromonobrouiometliani! TuriKtitlne........................ -- Vinyl cltlorldu (cliloioetU- ylone)................................... Vinyl tolwere.......................... Xyleno (xylol)....................... Xylhllnc.................................. 1 1f0t 200 l 2m f, 200 2ft i.non 100 an uu 2WI ft l.wn IU 22 4 .07 3 840 950 2, UN m rn 240 .4 .5 ZOIO 420 tH 41.4X111 r on K) in 35 IUKI 8 7W1 94 1.0.71 inu n,un 00 1.300 4*1 870 25 TOXIC DUSTS, FUMES, AND MISTS phate of diethyl mercaptosuccU note)------------------------------------------------- 15 Manganese.------------------------------------------ G Mercury l Mercury (organic compounds).._____ .01 Methoxychlor (2.2-dl-p-methoxy. phenyl-1,1,l-trlchloroethane)----------15 Molybdenum; soluble compounds 3 Insoluble compounds13 Nicotine-------- --------------------------- Parathlon (O.O-dlethyi o-p-nitra- phonyl thlophOGpbAte)_______ _____ .1 Pentaehioronaphthalene______ _______ . 5 Pentachlorophenol , 6 Phosphorus (yellow) .1 Phosphorus pentacbloride 1 Phosphorus pcntasulflde 1 Picric add.... .1 Pyrothrum_____________________________ 2 Rolenone______________ ___ .........__6 Selenium compounds (as Be)__________ . 1 Sodium hydroxide..__________________ 2 Sodium fluoroaeetate (1080)...______ .1 Strychnine..--- . 15 Sulfuric acid------ ----- ......---------.... 1 TEDP (tetraethyl dithlonopyrophoa- phete) . 2 TEPP (tetraethyl pyrophosphate) ____ .05 Tellurium___.................. . 1 Tetryl (2,4,5-trlnltrophenylmethyi- nltramlne)...______________________ l.G Thlram (tetramethyl thlurnm dt- suiade)....-------------------------------------- s Thallium (soluble compounds)_______ .1 UesoUne..-.-......... ;........ ........ ITcpteno (n-heptn'ie)................ Hexane (.i-licxaoo) Jleisuooo (methyl butyt ketone)........ . JJeiouo (methyl isobutyl m 1 2.IXRJ wa 1 2,000 m ! 1.800 lftO j 410 Milligrams per cubic Substance meter of air Aldrln (ll2,8,4,10,10-hcxachloro-l,4,4a, Titanium dioxide15 Trlchloronaphtbaleno Trinitrotoluene Uranium: soluble compounds . 05 6 1. 5 ketone).................................. Hydratine--.--------------- -------Hydrogen bromide.............. Hydroicn chloride. Hydrogen cyanide. ion 1 s1 u' 10 410 1.3 17 7 11 6,0.3a-hcxahydilo-l,4,3,8-dlmetUana- nuphthnlene)--- 0.25 Animate (ammonium sullamate)--.-- 15 Antimony--------- ---------------------------------- 5 insoluble compounds________________ .25 Vanadium: V,0, dust............................ ..............................5 V,05 fume.__________________________ . l Hydroicn fluoride... Hydrogen peroxide, tin^s. Hydrogen nclentde--------Hydrogen sulfide............. Iodine...... ........................ tsophnone..... ...........-- laepropylnmlne................ Mesityl oildo--..............i Methyl acetute.......................... Methyl acetylene.................... Methyl aeryrite-------------------Methyl alcohol (methanol)----Methyl bromide--------------- ... Methyl eclIosoWv (2-nicdn- H i .0 20 .1 25ft *25 310 10 1 1 1 j | : ! 20 ' ^ 1.4 .2 Ml 1 m 12 UNI 0)0 1,050 35 2fi0 80 ANTU (alpha naphthyl thiourea)------ .3 Araenlo_______________ --.........--------- .5 Barium--------------------- ---------------- ------ & Beryllium------------------------------------------------2ym3 Cadmium oxide fume Calolum arsenate---------------------------------Chlordane (1,2,4,5.6,7,8,8-octaehloro- .1 3a,4,7,7a-totrahydro-4,7-raethanoln_ dano) .........-------------------........ 2 Chlorinated camphoric. 60%..-------- .5 Chlorinated diphenyl oxide------------- . 5 Warfarin (3-[acetonylbenzyl]-4-hydroxycountarln) . 5 Zinc oxide ftunee___........... 15 Zirconium compounds (os Zr)...____ 6 Minet./il Dusts - Millions o/ particles per cubic meter of air Aluminum oxide________________________ 80 Asbestos...................--------------- 6 oxyetbonol)........... -.............. Methyl celloiolvc acetutu (ethylene glycol tmr onomethyl ether acrtule) 25 25 . m 120 Chlorodlphenyl (42% chlorine)---------- l Chlorddlphency (54% chlorine)-------- ,6 Chromic geld and chromates (as Dust (nuisance, no free silica)................... Mica (below 8% free silica)_____________ Portland cement..........__...______ 30 20 50 100 * 210 CrO,,)......................................................-- 1 Silica: MfellWth)y.b..l.....(.d..t.m...c.t.li.o..i.r.m. c.t.li.-. Mothyl chloroform (1,1.1trlcnlorovlhanc)................. 1,(I0U Mfl 3. ICO ; 2.700 Crag herbicide (sodium 2- [sodium 2|2,4-dlchlorapnnoxy] ethanol hy drogen auUate)--...--------------- .... IS High (above 50% free 810,)........ Medium (5 to 60% free BlO,) Low (below 5% free 810,)- 6 20 50 M cthjrleydnliexanc.................. Motliyloyclohesanol Methylerelohexanonc............ Methyl fnrinate------------- -----Methyl Itohiityl cuililttol .710 1 2,0011 HlO 1 47(1 too ' 4<<ri too I 271 Cyanide (ns ON)---------------------------------- 5 2.4-B(2.4-dicniorophenocyacettc add). 10 DDT (2.2.bts lp-chlorophcnyH-l,l,ltrlchloroethane) 1 siillliiccoan car-b--i-d--e. Soapstone (below 5% free 310.). Tale............................ .......................... SO 20 20 (Methyl amyl ulcohol) 25 ! 100 Dloldrln (l,2I3,*,10110-faexachloro-6,7- Ventilation Methyl styrene........................ u S 480 epoxy-l.i.ia.S.S/MMlx-octahydro-lA Metlivkne chloride (dichluromethane)....... ..................... . Monometbyl nnllloc.............. . znn ' 1.730 2i 9 as-dlmethanonaphthalene)------------- .23 Dlultroheozese.....--.........-------- 1 General ventilation ami temperature requirements. Nophllia (oral Ur) Naphtha (petroleum)...-- Nlekrl cttrlnnyl............ -- Nl'rleocld.......................... .1 p-NltrOurilUtie------------------Nitrobenxene........ ..........Nftrocthaite Xllrogen dioxide.................... ; Nitroglycerin------------------------1 2INI m .oor, .r 1 i' i, MM i 5 5 i HU 2. UK) j.11(17 25 ft ft 3M) 151 Dlnltrotoluenc 1- 5 Dtnltro-o-cresol . 2 EPN tO-ethyl O-p-nltrophenyl thlono- beuzenephosphonate)_______________ Fertnun (ferric dimethyl dithlocarbamate)15 Perrovanadium dust. 1 .6 (a) Outside air shall he provided to all workrooms at the rate of IS cubic feet per minute per person, or one and one- half atr changes per hour, whichever is greater. In most Instances, leakage through walls, doors, and windows will Xitroincthnno..................... 1 Z-Nltropronanc------------- ---t Nitrotolucno............................ | Octane....................................... Crone1 I'cradlchlorobcnteae............... 1 Feulane..................... j Fentanonc (mettpropyl | ketone).._____________ 1 100 ! m] 5 l1 75 i I.0M0 2U0 ` 2TA) m Ul 2.570 450 2,950 700 Fluoride----------------- -------------- ---.-- 2.5 Hydroqulnon........ 2 Iron oxide fume------------------------------ ... 15 Lead................................................................. .2 Lead arsenate . 15 Ltndane (hexachlorocyclohexauc. gam ma Isomerl .5 produce at least one and one-half air changes per hour. (b) A minimum, air temperature of 60 F. should be maintained at all work rooms where work oi % strenuous nature is performed, and a minimum air tem- 5 Wednesday, December 28, I960 FEDERAL REGISTER 1382.1 perature of 6&s F. should be maintained (g) The capacity of an exhaust system Personae Projective Equipment in all other workrooms unless prohibited by process requirements. 50-204.289 Loco) exhnut.1 vcmiliUion. shall be calculated on the basis of all hoods, booths, and enclosures connected to the system being open, except where the system is so interlocked that only a 50--204.298 Personal protective equip ment. Personal protective equipment or pro (a) Every local exhaust ventilation portion of it can be operated at a given tective shields or barriers shall be pro system shall produce and maintain a time, in which case the capacity should vided and maintained In usable condi movement of air toward the opening, be calculated on the basis that all the tion whenever substances, radiation, or sufficient to prevent escape of contami hoods in the group requiring the great- mechanical irritants are encountered in nant to the workroom dwing working esl volume rate of exhaust are open. a manner capable of causing injury or horn's, beyond the limits shown in sec (hi Suitable air inlets shall be pro-` Impairment tn function of any part of tion 50-204.276. vlded for replacement of exhausted air. the body through skin or mucous mem (b) Air flow through branch and <0 Exhaust systems handling dusts brane absorption. main ducts shall be sufficient to trans and discharging to the outer air shall be Bituminous Com and lignite mines port the contaminant through the system provided with suitable air-clcnnlng de without settling. vices to remove air contaminants prior to .10--204.300 Federal Mine Safety Code. (c) Piping shall be located so as to be accessible for inspection and maintenance. (d> Air flow equipment including hoods, pipes, fans, motors, and collectors shall be effectively grounded. the discharge to the outer nir, except under unusual circumstances. (J) The discharge from any exhaust system shall be such that no ali-contamlnation therefrom will enter any window, door, or other opening of any work space in quantities sufficient to create a health The Federal Mine Safety Code for Bi tuminous Coal and Lignite Mines of the United States, Part I--Underground Mines, and Part If--Strip Mines, as pub lished by the Bureau of Mines, United States Department of Interior is hereby adopted by reference as the safety and (e) Two or more operations involving hazard to such space or create a nuisance health standard required for observance more than one substance shall not be to surrounding areas. in the bituminous coal and lignite min permitted to be connected to the same <k> Collected materials shall be re ing to which section l(e> of the Walsh- exhaust system when a combination of the substances removed may constitute a fire hazard, an explosion hazard, or otherwise dangerous mixture. (f) Those processes or operations moved at Intervals frequent enough to insure that the exhaust system will meet the requirements of section 50-204.288 (a), at all times. Noise Healey Public Contracts Act has applica tion. Signed at Washington, D.C., this 12th day of December 1960. using or generating flammable dusts, 50-204.293 iVolse, gases, .fumes, vapors, mists, fibers or Noise shall be reasonably reduced or James P. Mitchell, Secretary of Labor. other Impurities shall be completely pro eliminated as a means of preventing fa (F.R. Doc. CO-11089; Filed, Dec. 31, 10*0; tected from all sources of ignition. tigue or accidents. 8:48 a.m.] ^ U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABdC J Wage and Hour and Public Contracts Divisions v Washington 25, D. C. Safety and Health Standards for Federal Supply Contracts (Reprint from Federal Register dated December 28, 1960) James P. Mitchell, Secretary Clarence T. Lundquist, Administrator Title 41--PUBLIC CONTRACTS tions where evidence Js not required. the regulations herein promulgated has Where, therefore, the common experi relied quite extensively on the outstand Chapter 50--Division of Public Con* ence of men Is all that is needed to lead a rational and,prudent person to the ing contributions of the private and pub lic organizations which are generally ac tracts. Department of Labor conclusion that certain conditions of em cepted as preeminent In thu field. PART 50-204--SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS FOR FEDERAL SUPPLY ployment are incompatible with the safety and health of employees, no de fense is provided by the statutory Among these are the publications of American Standards Association, Inc., American Society of Mechanical Engi CONTRACTS "prima-facie evidence" rule merely be neers, National Fire Protection Associa The Walsh-Healey Public Contracts cause such conditions may not be spe tion, National Board of Fire Underwrit Act (49 Stat. 2036. 41 U.S.C. 35 et sea) cifically prohibited In the 8tate safety, ers. the Public Health Service of the requires that contracts entered Into by any agency of the United States for the manufacture or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, and equipment In any amount exceeding $10,000 must contain, sanitary, and factory Inspection laws, or the regulations hereby proposed. Neither Is It necessary to call a witness to testify concerning the hazardous nature of such conditions. United States Department of Health. Education, and Welfare, the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department of the interior, and the Atomic Energy Commission. among other provisions, a stipulation that no "part of such contract will be performed nor will any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equipment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated In. any plants, factories, buildings or surroundings or under working condi tions which are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees engaged in the performance of said contract". A single standard of safety and health conditions Is thus required for all work subject to the Act An objective descrip tion of the working conditions encoun tered, established by a preponderance of the reliable, probative, and substantial evidence, is, of course, essential to the administrative application of this stand ard. A second question which must be resolved is whether conditions of the type described are "unsanitary or haz ardous or dangerous to the health or safety of employees". This is a question of fact For assistance in its resolution, the act provides a special rule of evi dence: "Compliance with the safety, sanitary, and factory Inspection laws of the State in which the work or part thereof is to be performed shall be prima-facie evidence of compliance With this subsection." The statutory provision concerning "prima-facie evidence" does not purport to take the place of the uniform national standard. It has application only to issues which require evidence. In the absence of opposing evidence, it author The statutory rule of "prima-facie evi dence" was not designed to deter the Secretary of Labor from diligent Inquiry even beyond the safety, sanitary, and factory Inspection laws of the several states to discover more directly what are the "working conditions which are unsanitary or habardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees." This is demonstrated .by the provisions In sections 4 and 5 of the Act, directing the Secretary to administer It and au thorizing him to appoint experts, make Investigations, hold hearings, compel the production of evidence, and make find ings of fact. Accordingly, following en actment of the Act, experts were ap pointed and their testimony used in the administrative enforcement proceedings conducted under section 5 of the Act. Differences of opinion over what condi tions of employment fail to meet the statutory standard have thus been re solved with the assistance of expert testi mony on a case-by-case basis In nearly a quarter of a century of hearings and findings under the Act. These have been conducted In accordance with sections 5, 7, and 8 of the Administrative Pro cedure Act since its enactment. The hazardous characteristic of a par ticular working condition. Is, of course, the likelihood that It will cause Illness, or injury in the employment situation. This characteristic is not always im mediately apparent. Causative analysis of injury frequency rates In Industry has shed much light on the Importance of certain precautions not fully appreciated Section 7(d) of the Administrative Procedure Act recognizes that, even in the most formal type of administrative adjudications, agency decision may rest on "official notice of a material fact not appearing in the evidence in the record," but It requires that "any party shall on timely request be afforded an oppor tunity to show (he contrary". The At torney General's Manual on the Admin istrative Procedure Act points out (p. 80) that this authority "extends properly to all matters as to which the agency by reason of Its functions Is presumed to be expert, such as technical or scien tific facts within Its specialized knowl edge. Cf. HU. Rep. p. 38 (Sen. Doc. p. 272). The matters thus noticed become a part of the record and, unless successfully controverted, Tumlsh the same basis for findings of fact as does 'evidence* in the usual sense." The hazardous characteristics of many working conditions, thus being facts of a "technical or scientific" nature, and having come within the Department's "specialized knowledge" by reasoh of its experience, proof of them in administra tive adjudications by official notice is appropriate. The facts declared In these regulations are soundly based in the ex perience of the Department Pad In the experience of outstanding public and private experts in their specialized di visions of the field of health and safety engineering. The regulations herewith promulgated extend, however, into areas In which reasonable men may differ. izes resolution of such issues compatibly by those responsible for the operation Any party to an administrative adjudi with the prima-facie evidence. Also, of Industrial establishments. Hie De cation who is adversely affected by them rules concerning prima-facie evidence partment's discovery and evaluation of will, therefore, have the opportunity to obviously have no application in situa- these hazards and the development of contest them by presenting the issue in No. 261--Part IT------1 13809 13810 RULES AND REGULATIONS his responsive pleading and introducing such evidence as he will be able to muster Guabdino op Open-Sided Floor*, Plattobms AND RUNWAYS Pressure Vessels 60-204.130 BoUera. lor consideration at his hearing. Publication o! standards which will underline the enforcement policy of the agency which administers the WalshHealey Public Contracts Act will promote observance of the safety and health re quirements by curtailing uncertainty on 50-204.25 60-20425 60-20427 00-20428 60-20429 Open-sided floor and platform. Runway, guarding. Railinos and Guards Standard ralUng. Stair railing. Strength of standard railing and stair railing. 60-204.121 Steam cookers, digesters, glue pots, etc. 50-204.122 Unfired pressure vessels. Tools and Equipment 50-204.127 Maintenance. 60-204.128 Portable electrio power tools. 60-204.129 Portable pneumatic tools. the part of those whose duty It is to com ply. Such publication will permit the administrative adjudication of many safety and health cases without the necessity of calling an expert witness to the place of hearing to testify to the haz ardous nature of the working conditions 60-204.34 60-20425 50-20426 60-20427 Elevatobs Elevator inspection. Hoistways. Under car safety device. Hatch limit controls. Illumination 50-204280 Cables, ropes.'hnd chains. Ventilation and Protxotion in Weldinq and Outhno 60-204236 Welding and cutting In confined spaces. . 60-204286 Ventilation In confined spaces. 50-204.187 Mechanical ventilation. denounced in the regulations. Except 50-204.42 Minimum standards. 60-204288 Welding and cutting involving In cases where a party gives notice of in tent to challenge the safety standards Ladders metals of toxlo significance. 50-204280 Protection to other employees. expressed in the regulation at hearing, as provided in the regulations herein promulgated, this element of possible controversy, and occasion of possible variety In decision, will be eliminated. These are the considerations which prompt.this use of the authority ex 50-204.47 50-204.46 50-204.49 50-20420 60-20421 Construction and use of portable ' ladders. Ralls of portable ladders. Painting of wooden laddere. Step]adders. Fixed ladders. Aisles and Passageways 60-204240 Inert-gas-metal arc welding. 60-204241 General welding and cutting. Electrical equipment 50-204248 General plant wiring. Mechanical Powis transmission Apparatus 50-204253 Flywheels. pressed in section 4 of the Walsh-Healey 50-204 26 Maintenance. 60-204254 Cranks and connecting rods. Public Contracts Act to make "such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act." 50-204.67 50-204.62 Aisle widths. Material Storage Height. 50-204265 Tall rods or extension piston rods. 50-204256 Governor balls. 50-204257 Shafting Installation. Radiation standards for inclusion In 50-204.63 Small articles. 50-204268 Guarding horizontal shafting. the regulations herein promulgated' as amendments are currently being drafted. They will apply the recommendations of the Federal Radiation Council ap 50-204.64 60-204.65 50-20426 Pipe and other long stock. Hazardous chemicals. Gases In cylinders. Outdoor Storaoe 50-204269 50-204260 60-204261 Guarding vertioal and Inclined shafting. Projecting shaft ends. Power-transmission apparatus located In basements. proved by the President tor the guidance of federal agencies May 13,1960 (25 FR. 4402). As these regulations are rules of agency 60-204.71 60-204.72 50-204.73 50-204.74 50-204.75 Aisle spacing. Housekeeping. Drainage. Clearance signs. Derail and bumper blocks. 50-204262 50-204263 50-204284 Pulleys. Horizontal belts, ropes and chain drives. Overhead chain and link belt drives. procedure or practice delineating facts 60-204.76 Traffic control signs. 50-204285 Vertical and Inclined belts. which will be officially noticed In en forcement proceedings under section 5 of the Act, notice of proposed rule mak 50-204.77 Open pits, tanks, vets, ditches, etc. Flammable Liquids 0-204266 50-204267 60-204.168 50-204269 Vertical belts. Cone-pulley belts. Gears. Sprockets and chains. ing and public proceedings In their adop 60-20422 Sources of Ignition. 50-204270 Openings for oiling. tion are not required by subsections 4 (a) and (b) of the Administrative Procedure Act. In accordance with section 4 of the 50-20463 50-204.64 60-20465 50-20460 50-20467 Vegetation removal. Housekeeping. Electrical lighting. Ventilation. Refuse storage. 50-204271 60-204272 50-204.178 50-204.174 Eviction drives. Keys, set screws, and other pro jections. Collars. Couplings. Administrative Procedure Act (60 St&t. 238.5 U.8.C. 1003), therefore, and under the authority of section 4 of the WalshHealey Public Contracts Act.(49 Stat. 50-20468 50-20469 50-20460 50-20461 Open flame devices prohibited. Bonding and grounding. Relief vente. Storage In other than flammable storage buildings. Guard Standards for Mechanical Power Transmission 50-204279 Materials. -. 50-204280 Disk, shield, and "UM guards. 2038; 41 TJ.8.C. 38). effective 30 days after 50-20462 Safety containers. 50-204281 Approved materials. publication In the Federal Registeh, a new Part 50-204--Safety and Health Standards for Federal Supply Contracts. 50-204.97 Paints and Paintino Storage of paints, varnishes. lacquers, thlnners, etc. 50-204282 Wood guards. 50-204283 Guards for horizontal overhead belts. 50-204284 Guards for horizontal overhead Is hereby added to 41 CFR, Chapter 50. 50-20468 Storage locations. rope and chain drives. Scope and Application 60-204.1' 8eope and application. 50-20469 60-204.100 Storage of flammable paint ma terials In opened containers. Palnt-soUed clothing and drop cloth. 50-204.185 Guard rails and toe boards. Miscellaneous Machine Guarding 50-204290 Lathes and automatic screw ma BmunNca and Appurtenances 50-204.101 Housekeeping: paint scrapings chines. 50-2042 80-2042 60-204.4 Buildings. Floors. Building egress. 60-204.102 and paint saturated contain ers. Ventilation of harmful sub stances. 50-204.191 DrUl presses. 50-204292 Planers and shapers (metal). 60-204293 Shears. 60-204294 Guillotine cutters, power-driven. 50-2049 50-20420 60-20421 60-20422 Stairways os Steps 8talr width of treads ant. height of Hmti. Stairway maintenance. Treada. Stairway railings and handrails. 50-204.103 60-204.104 60--304.100 60-204.106 50-204207 60-204.106 VentU&tlon of flammable vapore. Smoking or open flames pro hibited. Electrical equipment. Electxlo motors. Enclosure driving belts. Storage of combustible and 60-204295 50-204296 50-204297 50-204.198 50-204299 50-204.200 50-204.201 Power presses. Foot and hand presses. Other power-press safety devices. Platen presses. Abrasive wheels. Revolving drutjis and cylinders. Fans. .. Guarding or Floor Openinoa flammable cleaning materials. Woodworking Machinery and Floor Boles Fire Prevention 60-204208 Circular table saws. 50-204.17 Stairway floor openings. 50-204.119 Equipment, general. 60-204209 Swing and sliding cut-off saws. 50-204.18 Ladderway floor openings. 60-204.114 First aid Are lighting extinguish 50-204210 Inverted swing cut-off saws 60-204.19 Hatchway and chute floor. ers, general rules. (lump saws). 50-204-20 Floor hole. 60-204.116 Classification of extinguishers. 60-204211 Radial saws. Wednesday, December 28,T&oO FEDERAL REGISTER l.Kil 50-204212 60-204.213 50-204.214 50-204215 60-204.216 50-204.217 Portable circular aaws. Band saws and band resaws. Jointers. Wood shapers, hand-teed panel raisers and similar machines. Planing, molding, sticking and matching machines. Sanding machines. Housekeeping 60-204.229 60-204.230 50-2041231 50-204.232 50-204233 50-204.234 General. Floors. Flammable materials. Tools and other materials. Receptacles for waste disposal. Sweeping and refuse removal. minimum safety and health standards which will be applied In the administra tion and enforcement of the Act, In cluding proceedings under Its section 6 and 41 CFR Part 50-203, Subpart A, to determine whether particular contracts subject to the Act are being, or have been, performed In compliance with Its safety and health requirements. (b) In all administrative, enforce ment. and investigative proceedings con ducted by the United States Department of Labor under the Act, official notice will be taken of the fact that failure to (e) Compliance with the standards expressed in Part 50-204 of this chapter will not relieve anyone from any obliga tion to comply with any more strict standard stemming from any other source whatsoever. Buh.di.ncs and Appurtenances 50-204.2 Buildings. Buildings and all appurtenances there to, including bridges, towers, balconies, runways, and platforms, shall be struc turally safe to prevent collapse. Toilet Facilities and Wash Rooms 60-204239 60-204240 50-204241 60-204242 60-204243 50-204244 60-204245 60-204246 Separate toilet for each sex. Location. Water closets. Construction of toilet rooms. Chemical closets and privies. Washing faculties. Change rooms. Retiring rooms for women. Lunch Rooms and Food Handuno 60-204261 Location. 60-204252 Waste food disposal. 60-204253 Presence of toxic materials. Diunkino Wates 60-204258 Potable water. 60-204259 Non-potable water. Medical Services 60-204264 Medical services. Era Protection 60-204269 General requirement. 60-204270 Flrst-ald for chemical burns. Environmental Conditions comply with the requirements expressed in this Part 50-204 of this chapter results In working conditions which are "unsan itary or hazardous to employees" within the meaning of section 1(e) of the Act, and contracts Incorporating the stipula tion it requires. (c) In formal enforcement proceed ings under section 5 of the Act. respond ents will be permitted to demonstrate, by reliable, substantial, and probative evidence, that their failure to comply with the requirements expressed In Part 50-204 of this chapter did not result In working conditions which were "unsani tary or hazardous or dangerous to em ployees," but only If the answer to the complaint, filed under 41 CFR 50-2032. makes express allegation to that effect, identifying the particular code unit challenged and setting out the factual basis for the challenge. In the event such Issue Is drawn, and reliable, sub stantial, and probative evidence is Intro duced In support of the challenge, the 50-204.3 Floors. (a) No floor or platform shall be so loaded as to have a factor of safety of less than four. That Is, the weight placed upon a floor or platform shall not exceed one-fourth of the breaking strength of the platform or floor. (b) Floors, other than those resting directly on solid ground, when used for heavy storage shall be clearly posted to show maximum safe floor loads. (c) All floor surfaces shall be kept clean and dry and maintained in a smooth (free from holes or projections that might cause tripping and reason ably nonslippery) condition. (d) Where the type of operation ne cessitates working on floor areas which would be otherwise wet or slippery, such areas shall be covered with mats, grates, cleats, or other high friction floor coverings. (e) Safe means of access, suited to conditions, shall be provided to every 60-204275 Toxic gases, vapors, fumes, dust pertinent portions of the publications of overhead point to which employees are and mists. the American Standards Association, called upon to go In connection with their 60-204276 Threshold limit values. Inc., American Society of Mechanical employment. 60-204.288 60-204289 Ventilation General ventUatlon and temper ature requirement. Local exhaust ventilation. *Noise Engineers, National Fire Protection As sociation, National Board of Fire Under writers, the Public Health Service of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, the Bureau of Mines of the United States Department 50-204.4 Building egress. (a) Exits. Not less than two means of egress (other than ladders or eleva tors) as remote from each other as possible, shall be provided on every floor, 60-204293 Noise. of the Interior, and the Atomic Energy including basements and cellars of every Personal Protective Equipment 60-204.298 Personal protective equipment. Commission will be considered, together building or section where persons are with any other evidence that may be ad employed. On the street floor at least duced In support of "the regulation, on one of these shall be a door leading di Miking the issue whether the preponderance of rectly outside the building, and the other 60-204200 Federal Mine Safety Code. Authority: |( 60-204.1 to 60-204200 Is sued under 6ec. 4, 49 Stat. 2038, 41 TL6.C. 38. Interpret or apply sec. l, 49 Stat. 2036, 41 EJ.8.C. 85. 50-204.1 Scope and application. ' (a) The Walsh-Healey Public Con tracts Act (40 Stat. 2036, 41 UJS.C. 35 et seq.) requires that contracts entered Into by any agency of the United States for the manufacture or furnishing of materials, supplies, articles, and equip ment In any amount exceeding $10,000 must contain, among other provisions, a stipulation that "No part of such con tract will be performed nor will any of the materials, supplies, articles, or equip ment to be manufactured or furnished under said contract be manufactured or fabricated In any plants, factories, build ings or surroundings or under working conditions which are unsanitary or haz the reliable, substantial, and probative evidence supports a finding that the working conditions prohibited In the reg ulation are unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees. (d) The standards expressed In Part 50-204 of this chapter are for applica tion to ordinary employment situations, and do not preclude proof or recogni tion of the necessity of higher standards for employment situations of extraor dinary hazard. Neither do the standards expressed in this Part 50-204 of this chapter purport to describe all of the working conditions which are unsani tary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees. Other working conditions may be found to be unsanitary or hazardous or dangerous to the health and safety of employees on evidence to that effect, or without such may be a door leading outside the building, or a standard horizontal exit. On upper floors and basements, one exit shall be an enclosed stairway or smokeproof tower and the other or others may be Inside stairways or horizontal exits or fire escape stairs. (b) Exit deers. Doors shall swing in the direction of exit and open In such a manner as not to obstruct passage ways or corridors used as ways of egress. No chairs or seats, fixtures, chutes, ma terials. or equipment shall block or in any way jeopardize the use of ways and means provided for egress. All exit doors and windows used as means of egress In case of fire or panic shall be so arranged as always to be opened readily from the Inside. Locks on doors and windows, if provided, shall not re quire the use of a key to open. (c) Exit signs/ All exits or means of egress shall be provided with a sign hav ardous or dangerous to the health and evidence, where such unsanitary or ing on it the word "EXIT' which shall safety of employees engaged In the per- hazardous or dangerous characteristic be in letters at least five Inches In height foimance of the contract." This Part should be apparent to a rational and and plainly Indicate to persons within 50-204 of this chapter expresses ceitaln prudent person of common experience. the building the location of such egress. 13812 J RULES AND REGULATIONS J Directional signs to the means of 50-204.19 Hatchway and chute floor. (a) Runways, used exclusively for egress should be provided where necessary. Stairways or Steps 50-204.9 Stair width of treads and height of risers. Every hatchway and chute floor open ing shall be guarded either by: (a) Hinged floor-opening cover of standard strength and construction equipped with railing constructed In ac cordance with sections 50-204.27 and special purposes (such as oiling, shafting or filling tank cars). may have the rail ing on one side omitted where operating conditions necessitate such omission, providing there Is no falling hazard. Railincs and Guards There shall be no variation In the width of treads and height of risers In 50-204.29 so as to leave no exposed side. When the opening is not In use the cover 50-t204.27 Standard railing. any flight Where variation In heights shall be closed. A standard railing shall consist of top of risers In different flights Is necessary (b) A removable railing with toe rail, Intermediate rail and posts, having on account of varying story heights, such boards on not more than two sides of the a vertical height of 42 inches from upper variations shall not exceed Me inch. All opening and permanent railings with toe surface of top rail to floor, platform, run treads shall be at least 10 inches wide. boards on all other exposed sides both way or ramp level. The top rail sha\l 50-204.10 Stairway maintenance. constructed In accordance with sections be smooth surfaced throughout the 50-204.27 and 50-204.29. The removable length of the railing. The Intermediate Every stairway or step shall be main railings shall be kept in place when the rail shall be approximately halfway be tained in good repair, free from protrud opening is not In use. tween the top rail and floor, platform, ing bolts, screws, nails, dirt, or slippery (c) Where operating conditions neces runway or ramp. The ends of the rails conditions, and no storage shall be per sitate the feeding of material Into any shall not overhang the terminal- posts mitted on stairways. hatchway or chute opening from all except where such overhang does not 50-204.11 Treads. sides, the guarding requirements will be constitute a projection hazard. Treads shall be renewed when the sur face. including the nosing, shows wear to the extent of % inch or more. All metal satisfied if bars, chains, or other ade quate protection Is provided to prevent a person from falling through the opening. 50--204.28 Stair railing. A stair railing shall be of construction similar to a standard railing but the treads shall have a surface which will 50--204.20 Floor hole. vertical height shall be not more than reasonably prevent slipping. 50--204.12 Stairway railings and hand rails. Every flight of stairs having four or more risers shall be equipped with a stair railing or handrails constructed to con form to the requirements of sections 50-204.28 and 50-204.29 under the fol lowing conditions: (a) On stairways of width less than 44 Inches and having both sides en closed--at least one handrail on the Every floor hole except those described In sections 50-204.17,60-204.18,50-204.19 shall be guarded either by: (a) A railing constructed In conform ance with the requirement In sections 50-204.27 and 60-204.29 with standard toe board on all exposed sides; or (b) A floor opening cover, hinged In place. While the cover Is open, floor holes shall be constantly attended by someone or shall be protected by a port able enclosing railing. 34 Inches nor less than 30 Inches from upper surface of top rail to surface of tread In line with face of riser at forward edge of tread. (a) Intermediate rails shall not be required where stairways are 22 inches or less In width. 50-204.29 Strength of standard railing and atair railing. The strength of standard railings and stair railings under different types of construction is specified as follows: right side descending. (b) On stairways of width less than 44 inches and having one side open--at least one stair railing that shall be on the open side. <c) On stairways of width less than 44 Inches and having both sides open-- one stair railing on each aide. Guarding of Open-Sided Floors, Plat forms and Runways 50-204.25 Open-sided floor and platform. (a) Every open-sided floor shall be guarded by a railing constructed In ac cordance with sections 50-204.27 and 50 (a) Wood railing: For wood railings, the posts shall be of at least 2 inch by 4 Inch stock spaced not to exceed 8 feet; the top rails shall be of at least 2 inch by 4 Inch stock or of two right angle pieces of at least 1 Inch by 4 Inch stock and the Intermediate rails shall be of at least 2 Inch by 2 Inch stock or of at least (d) On stairways of width 44 Inches or more but less than 88 inches--one handrail on each enclosed side and one stair railing on each open side. re) On stairways 88 inches or more in width--one handrail on each enclosed side, one stair railing on each open side and one intermediate stair railing lo cated approximately midway of the width. (f) Winding stairs shall be equipped with a handrail so offset as to prevent walking on any portions of the treads having width less than 6 Inches. 204.29 on all open sides 5 feet or more above the adjacent floor or ground level, except where there is entrance to a ramp, stairway or fixed ladder. The railing shall be provided with a toe board wherever, beneath the open sides, (1) Persons can pass, (2) There is moving machinery, or (3) There Is equipment with which falling materials could create a hazard. (b) The intermediate railing and toe board required by sections 50-20427 and 50-204.29 may be omitted where ma terials have to be regularly passed over the edge of the floor (as In lumber stor 1 Inch by 4 inch stock. <b) Pipe railing: For pipe railings, the posts and top rails shall be metal pipe of at least l'A Inches Inside diameter and the intermediate rails shall be metal pipe of at least 1 inch inside diameter. The spacing of posts shall not exceed 8 feet. (c) Structural metal Tailings: For structural metal railings, the posts and top rails shall be angle Iron of at least 1% Inches by 1% Inches by Inch or other structural shapes of equivalent bending strength; and the intermediate rails shall be angle iron of at least 1% Inches by l'A inches by Ye Inch or other Guarding of Floor Openincs and age) , or where the railing is set back 12 structural shapes of equivalent bending Floor Holes inches or more from the edge. strength. The spacing of posts shall not 50-204.17 Stairway floor openings. (c) The entire railing may be tempo exceed 8 feet. rarily removed from particular sections s- (d) Anchor posts: The anchoring of A railing constructed to conform to the of open-sided floors where regular oper/ posts and framing of members for rall- requirements of sections 50-204.28 and ating conditions make a permanent rail I ings of all types shall be of such con 50-204.29 shall be provided on all exposed ing wholly impracticable. struction that the completed structure sides of stairway floor openings (except at entrance to stairway). Standard toe 50--204.26 Runway guarding. shall be capable of withstanding a load of at least 200 pounds applied In any boards shall be provided also, except in Every runway shall be guarded by a direction at any point of the top rail. stair towers. railing constructed In accordance with (e) Toe board: A toe board shall be 50--204.18 Ladderway floor openings. Every ladderway floor opening shall be guarded by a standard railing with standard toe board on all exposed sides, except at entrance to opening. sections 50-204.27 and 50-204.29 on ail open sides 5 feet or more above floor or ground leveL Wherever tools, machine parts or materials are likely to be used on the runway, a toe board shall also be provided on each exposed side. 4 inches in vertical height, from top edge to the level of the floor, .platform, run way, or ramp. It shall be securely fas tened in place and with not more than V inch clearance above floor leveL It may be made of any substantial material I Wednesday, December 28, I960 FEDERAL REGISTER 13813 either solid or with openings not over 1 50-204.49 Painting of wooden ladder*. g 50-204.64 Pipe and other long stock. inch in length. Wooden ladders shall not be painted, Pipe and other long stock shall be ELEVATORS as painting covers up defects. Linseed stored In suitable racks or blocked to 50-204.34 Elevator inspection. oil or oil 6taln shall be used Instead. Elevator inspection by a competent 6 50-204.50 Stepladdcr*. prevent spreading or rolling. Projecting ends 6hall be protected by location, rail ings, or barriers. elevator Inspection service or mainte nance contract on an annual basis will be acceptable as evidence of satisfactory Installation and maintenance. 50-204.35 Hoistways. All stepladders shall be provided with an automatic locking device or spreader of not more than 40 degrees to hold the front and back sections in open position. 50-204.51 Fixed ladders. 50--204.65 Hazardous chemical*. Hazardous chemicals shall be distinc tively marked to .Indicate their nature and stored In containers or locations suitable to the material. All hoistway openings at the floor level to the elevator shall be protected by doors or gates either manually or me chanically operated, and Interlocked with the elevator control so that It Is Impossible to start the elevator until the door or gate Is locked in the closed posi tion, and also so that It Is Impossible to open the door or gate when the car Is not at the landing. 50--204.36 Under car safety device. All elevators other than hydraulic ele vators shall be equipped with an under car safety device operated by speed gov ernor control that will hold the elevator in case of cable failure or over speeding. 50--204.37 Haleb limit controls. All types of elevators shall be equipped with upper and lower travel limit de vices that will normally bring the car to rest at either terminal, and a final limit (a) Rest platforms: If fixed ladders are used to ascend to heights exceeding 30 feet, a landing or rest platform shall be provided for each 30 feet or fraction thereof unless the ladder is provided with safety cages. (b) Rails: Rails of fixed ladders to landings shall extend a distance of at least 3 feet above the landing. (c) Rungs: The rungs may be omitted above the landing. Where an employee must step a greater distance than 14 inches from the ladder to roof, tank, hoist, etc., a landing shall be provided. (d) Guard rails: All fixed ladder landings shall be equipped with a stand ard guard rail and toe boards, so ar ranged as to give the safest possible ac cess to the ladder. Such platforms shall not be less than 24 inches In width. Aisles and Passacewavs 50-204.66 Cases In cylinder*. (a) Cylinders shall be supported in an upright position so as to prevent them from falling or rolling. <b) Cylinders shall be kept away from excessive heat, such as the direct rays of the sun. (c) Cylinders shall be stored away from combustible materials. (d) Sknpty cylinders shall be plainly marked "EMPTY," and the valves-shall be closed. The empty cylinders shall be segregated from the full cylinders and returned to the supplier as soon as practicable. (e) Valve covers shall be kept In place at all times when the cylinder Is not in use. Outdoor Storage 50-204.71 Aisle spacing. Aisles shall be maintained between switch that will prevent the movement 50--204.56 Maintenance. plies, between buildings, and between In either direction If opened by the car as the result of excessive over travel In either direction. ILLUMINATION 50-204.42 Minimum standards. (a) Illumination shall be provided and distributed to all working areas as re quired In these regulations. (b) Seeing tasks requiring discrimina tion of fine detail under conditions of fair contrast and where the nature of the work Is very exacting and prolonged shall be provided with a minimum of 100 foot-candles of Illumination. (c) Seeing tasks requiring discrimina tion of detail over prolonged periods of time and under conditions of moderate contrast shall be provided with a mini mum of 50 foot-candles of Illumination. (d) Seeing tasks requiring moderate Permanent aisles and passageways shall be kept clear and In good repair, with no obstructions across or In aisles that might cause tripping. Where, due to lack of proper Identification, aisles and passageways are likely to become hazardous, they shall be clearly defined by painted lines, curbings, or other methods of marking. g 50-204.57 Aisle widths. W^ere industrial trucks are In custom ary use, one-way traffic aisles shall be at least 2 feet wider than the widest vehicle. Two-way aisles shall be at least 3 feet wider than twice the width of the widest vehicle. Material Storage 50-204.62 Height. piles and the boundary of the storage site. Aisles shall be wide so as to reduce the danger of spread of fire from pile to pile and to permit ready access for fire fighting or emergency removal of material. 50-204.72 Housekeeping. The entire storage site shall be kept free from unnecessary accumulations of combustible materials. Weeds and grass shall be kept down and the area kept clean. 50-204.73 Drainage. Proper drainage shall be provided. 50--204.74 Clearance signs. Clearance signs to warn of clearance limits shall be provided. g 50-204.75 Derail and bumper Mocks. discrimination of detail over Intermit (a) All material In bags, containers, or tent periods of time and under conditions bundles, stored In tiers, shall be stacked, of normal contrast shall be provided with blocked. Interlocked, and limited In a minimum of 30 foot-candles of height so that it Is stable, so that It Is Derail and bumper blocks shall be pro vided on spur tracks. 50--204.76 Traffic control signs. illumination. (e) Casual seeing tasks not Involving discrimination of fine detail shall be pro vided with a minimum of 10 foot-candles of Illumination. (f) Rough seeing tasks not requir ing critical seeing shall be provided with a minimum of 5 foot-candles of Illumination Ladders 50-204.47 Construction and use of portable ladders. Portable ladders shall be substantially built, set level and well secured. 50--204.48 Rails of portable ladder*. secure against sliding or collapse. (b) Where automatic sprinkler pro tection Is provided, clearance of at least 18 Inches shall be maintained between the tops of materials and the underside of lowest beams or other overhead structures. Where reliance Is placed on hose streams, clearance of at least 3 feet shall be maintained between the tops of piles and the underside of the lowest beams, girders, or other obstruc tions which, restrict the play of hose streams over the material. 50-204.63 Small articles. Traffic control signs to warn pedes trian. vehicular, and railroad traffic shall be provided. 50-204.77 Open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc. Covers or guard rails shall be provided to protect all open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc. near which people are regularly employed. Flammable Liquids 50-204,82 Sources of ignition. All sources of ignition shall be pro hibited In areas where flammable liquids Ralls of portable ladders shall always Small articles shall be stored In con are stored, handled, and processed. project at least three feet above work tainers suitable to the material, such as Suitable warning and "No Smoking" ing level and shall be of sound material. small cans or trays that can be stacked. signs shall be posted in all such areas. 13814 4 RULES AND REGULATIONS g 50-204.83 Vegetation removal. materials shall be kept tightly closed Fire Prevention The areas where flammable liquids when not In actual use. 8 50-204.113 Equipment general. are stored, bandied, or processed shall be left dear Qf rubbish, brush, long grass, or other combustible material at all times. 50-204.98 Storage locations. Sealed containers of paints, varnishes, lacquers, thlnners, and other flammable paint materials, shall be kept In a well- Fire fighting equipment suitable to the conditions and hazards Involved shall be provided and maintained In an effective operating condition. A sys 50-204.84 Housekeeping. ventilated location, free from excessive tematic inspection of these devices Is re Accumulations of flammable liquids on heat, smoke, sparks, flame, or direct rays quired. floors, walls, and other surfaces, are pro of the sun. 8 50-204.114 First-aid fire fighting ex hibited. All spills of flammable liquids 50-204.99 Storage of flammable paint shall be cleaned up immediately. materials in opened containers. tinguishers, general rules. The following general rules shall be 50-204.85 Electrical lighting. Electrical lighting shall be the only means used for artificial Illumination In areas where flammable liquids, vapors, fumes, dust, or gases are present. All electrical equipment and Installations shall be of the explosion proof type. Flammable paint materials, when in excess of 10 gallons and not exceeding 50 gallons, shall be stored In a ventilated steel cabinet, or a cabinet lined with noncombustible material. Containers shall be kept tightly olosed when not In use. applied to all types of first-aid fire ex tinguishers: (a) Persons who may have occasion to use any fire extinguisher shall have knowledge of the proper way to use the device effectively. (b) The Instructions of the manufac turer of the extinguisher as to charging, g 80-204.86 Ventilation. All buildings, rooms and compart ments where flammable liquids are stored, processed, or used shall be prop erly ventilated to prevent accumulation of flammable vapors. g 50-2O4B7 Refuse storage. In buildings, shops, or rooms where flammable liquids are handled or stored, a self-closing metal refuse can shall be provided and maintained In good condi tion. 50-204.100 Paint-soiled clothing and drop cloth. Paint-soiled clothing and drop cloths, when not In use, shall be stored In wellventilated steel cabinets. 50-204.101 Housekeeping. Paint scrapings and paint saturated debris shall be removed from the prem ises dally. 50-204.102 Ventilation of harmful substances. maintenance and operations shall be followed exactly. All extinguishers shall be examined at least once a year to de termine positively that they are in operating condition. (c) Frequent Inspections shall be made to determine that extinguishers are In their designated places, are readily ac cessible. have not been damaged or tam pered with, and that nozzles are not clogged. 8 50-204.115 Classification of extin guishers. 50--204.88 Open flame devices pro hibited. .. Open flame heating devices shall not be used In areas where flammable liquids Ventilation adequate to reduce the concentration of harmful substances In the atmosphere shall be provided, as referred to in section 50-204.86. Listed below are various classes of fires and the extinguishing equipment which shall be maintained appurtenant to the various materials Identified. are present. g 50-204.89 Bonding and grounding. Storage tanks and systems shall be electrically bonded and grounded. 50-204.90 Relief vents. Storage tanks shall be equipped with proper relief vents. Tank vents shall not be located eloee to open flames, stacks, heating apparatus, or any other source of ignition. Vent screens shall not be {tainted. g 50-204.91 Storage In other than flam mable storage buildings. A ventilated steel cabinet or a cabinet lined with noncombustible material shall be provided for the storage of more than 50--204.103 Ventilation of flammable vapors. Ventilation adequate to prevent the accumulation of flammable vapors to hazardous levels of concentration shall be provided In all areas where .spray painting, dipping or similar processes are performed. 50-204.104 Smoking or open flames prohibited. No smoking, open flame, exposed flame heating elements, or other sources of ignition of any kind shall be per mitted in areas or rooms where spray painting, paint dipping or similar proc esses are done. (a) Class "A" Fires. Fires In ordinary combustible materials where the quench ing and cooling effects of quantities of water or solutions containing large per centage of water are of first Importance. Required extinguishing equipment--soda and acid, pump tank extinguishers or water barrels and buckets. (b) Class "B" Fires. Fires In flam mable liquids, greases, and similar mate rials. where blanketing effect Is essential. Required extinguishing eqqlpment-- foam, carbon tetrachloride, CO,, dry powder type extinguishers, or sand buckets and scoops. Carbon tetra chloride extinguishers shall not be used In a confined area. (c) Class "C" Fires. Fire In electrical a total of 10 gallons of flammable liquids In buildings used for other than storage. Not more than a total of 50 gallons shall be stored in any one cabinet, nor shall any Individual con tainer exceed 5 gallon capacity In such a cabinet. Containers must be of metal 50-204.105 Electrical equipment. When electric lights, switches, or elec trical equipment are necessary where in door spray painting, paint dipping or similar processes are performed, they shall be of the explosion-proof type. equipment where the use of nonconduct ing extinguishing agent Is of first importance. Required extinguishing equlpmenU-CO,, or dry powder pres sure-type extinguishers. Pressure Vessels and kept tightly closed. Btorage In drums of over 60 gallons of flammable liquids shall be outside the work-room. 8 50-204.92 Safety containers. Handling of all flammable liquids by hand containers shall be In approved 50-204.106 Electric motors. Electric motors driving exhaust fans shall not be placed Inside booths or ducts exhausting flammable materials. 50-204.107 Enclosure driving belts. 8 50-204.120 Boiler*. Boiler Inspection and approval on an annual basis by a recognized boiler In spection service will be acceptable evi dence of satisfactory Installation and maintenance. type safety containers substantially con structed to avoid the danger of leakage and designed to minimize the likelihood of spilling. Belts shall not enter duct or booth ex hausting flammable materials unless belt and pulley within the duct or booth are thoroughly enclosed. 6 50-204.121 Steam cookers, digester, glue pots, etc. All pressure vessels to which 6team Is supplied from an outside source shall be Paints and Painting 50--204.97 Storage of paints, varnish es, lacquers, thinner*, etc. 50--204.108 Storage of combustible and flammable cleaning materials. Combustible and flammable cleaning designed for the maximum line pressure to which the vessel will be subjected. On such vessels It is required that, In addition to the necessary pressure re Packages containing paints, varnishes, materials at the establishment shall be ducing valve, a safety valve be installed lacquers, thlnners, or other volatile stored In tightly closed metal containers. on the vessel Itself or on the line between Wednesday, December 28, 1960 FEDERAL REGISTER 1^15 It and the pressure reducer. There shall equal to eight diameters of the cable, or 50-204.139 Protection lo other em be no means of cutting off or bypassing when the wires on the crown of the ployees. this safety valve. Inspection and ade quate maintenance of the vessel, includ ing regular testing of the safety valve, are mandatory. 50-204.122 Unfired pressure vessels. (a) Air receivers shall be so installed that all drains, handholes, and manholes therein are easily accessible. (b) Air receivers shall be supported with sufficient clearance to permit a com plete external Inspection and to avoid corrosion of external surfaces. (c) Under no circumstances shall air receivers be burled underground or lo cated in an Inaccessible place. (d) The receiver shall be located as close to the compressor or aftercooler as Is possible to keep the discharge short. (e) The receiver shall be located In a cool place to facilitate the condensation at moisture and oil vapors. strand are worn down to less than 60 percent of their original diameter. <d) Crane hoist cable shall be lu bricated and Inspected at frequent intervals. Ventilation and Protection In Welding and Cutting 50-204.135 Welding and culling in confined spaces. For the purpose of this section a con fined space shall mean: (a) A space of less than 10,000 cubic feet per welder, or (b) A space having an overhead height of less than 16 feet, or (c) A space In which there are struc tural barriers to the extent that they slgnlfloantiy obstruct cross ventilation. 50--204.136 Ventilation in confined spaces. In all cases employees in the Immedi ate vicinity of welding operations shall be protected In accordance with sections 50-204.269 and 50-204.298. 50--204.140 Inert-gas racial-arc weld ing. Since the inertegas metal-arc welding process Involves the productlonof ultra violet radiation of Intensities five to thirty times that -produced during shielded metal-arc welding, the decom position of chlorinated solvents by ultra violet rays, and the liberation of toxic fumes and gases, employees shall not be permitted to engage In, or be exposed to the process unless: (a) The use of chlorinated solvents is kept at least 200 feet from the exposed arc; surfaces prepared with chlorinated solvents are thoroughly dry before welding Is permitted on such surface. Tools and Equipment All welding and cutting operations car (b) Shaded goggles with side shields S 50-204.127 Maintenance. ried on 1h confined spaces shall be ade are worn by helpers and others In the quately mechanically ventilated to pre area not protected from the arc by Each employer shall be responsible for vent the accumulation of toxic gases or screening. the safe condition of the tools used4>y his passible oxygen deficiency or air sup (c) Protective clothing is worn by employees, whether furnished by him or plied respirators approved by the US. welders and others within the area ex by them, and be sure that such tools are Bureau of Mines shall be provided to the posed to radiation so that the skin is suited by safe design and construction welder and all other personnel in the covered completely to prevent bums and for the work to be done. Immediate vicinity. other damage by ultraviolet rays; shirts 50-204.128 Portable electric power tools. (a) Electric power tools showing worn, deteriorated or Inadequate Insulation. - split or chipped plugs, worn or bent plugs, terminals, defective switch, shall be repaired. (b) Portable electric power tools shall beeffectlvely grounded to maintain at all times an effective ground on the non current carrying parts of the tools. g 50-204.129 Portable pneumatic tools. (a) The operating trigger on portable hand-operated pneumatic equipment shall be so located as to minimize the 50-204.137 Mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation shall consist of either general ventilation systems or lo cal exhaust systems. <a) General ventilation shall be at the minimum rate of 2,000 cubic feet per minute per welder. . <b) Local exhaust shall consist of freely movable hoods intended to be placed by the welder as near as prac ticable to the work being welded and pro vided with a rate of air flow sufficient to maintain a velocity In the direction of the hood of 100 linear feet per minute In the zone of welding when the hood Is at Its most remote distance from the point worn are dark In color to reduce reflec tion to the face from underneath the helmet; exposed cotton clothing Is cov ered since it disintegrates rapidly when exposed to high Intensities of ultraviolet rays; welding helmets and hand shields are free of leaks and openings, and free of highly reflective surfaces. (d) Local exhaust ventilation or sup plied air respirators are provided in all cases when doing Inert-gas metal-arc welding of stainless steel to protect against dangerous concentrations of nitrogen dioxide. 50-204,141 General welding and cut ting. possibility of accidental operation and of welding. Welding and cutting not Involving Shall be arranged to close the air inlet valve automatically when the pressure of the operator's hand is removed. | 50-204.138 Welding and cutting in volving-metals of toxic significance. conditions or materials described In sec tions 60-204.135 and 50-20ll38 may normally be done without special pre (b) A tool retainer shall be Installed (a) Welding and cutting involving the cautions, but where, because of unusual on each piece of pneumatic equipment following metals whether or not In con physical or atmospheric conditions, a which, without such a retainer, may fined spaces or in other enclosed spaces harmful accumulation of contaminants eject the tooL shall be done In accordance with the pro would exist, mechanical ventilation or (c) Mo tool change or work other than visions of sections 204.138 and 204.137. suitable respiratory protective equipment regular operations shall be made or done (1) Zlnc-bearlng base of filler metals shall be provided. on any piece of portable hand-operated pneumatic equipment unless the stop or metals coated with zlnc-bearlng ma terials. Electrical Installation and Equipment valve in the air line supplying that equip (2) Lead base metals. 50-204.148 Electrical Installation and mentJa closed. (3) Cadmium-bearing filler materials. equipment. 8 50-204.130 Cables, ropes, and chains. (a) Chains, ropes, cables, hooks, rings, slings, and other devices and accessories used for hoisting and lifting shall not be subjected to greater working loads than recommended by their manufacturers. They shall be frequently Inspected and shall be renewed when lnpectlon reveals unsafe conditions. (b) Welding or cutting Involving the following metals' In confined spaces shall be done using local exhaust ventilation or alr-Une respirators approved by the Ui5. Bureau of Mines. (1) Metals containing lead, other than as an impurity, or metals coated with lead-bearing materials, including paint. (2) Cadmium-bearing or cadmium- coated base metals. Electrical conductors and equipment Installed within or on buildings and other premises and the conductors that connect the Installation to a supply of electricity and other outside conductors adjacent to the premises shall conform tothe minimum requirements of the Na tional Electrical Code. 1859 Edition, National Fire Protection Association. (b) Bolts or nails shall not be used (3) Metals coated with mercury-bear Mechanical Power Transmission to connect, splice, or shorten chains. ing metals. Including paint. Apparatus Knots shall not be tied In the chain, (e) A hoist cable shall be considered (4) Beryllium-containing base or filler metals. Because of Its high toxicity, 8 50-204.153 Flywheel*. unsafe and shall be replaced when upon work involving beryllium shall be done Flywheels located so that any part Is Inspection 10 percent or more of the total with both local exhaust ventilation and 7 feet or less above floor or platform shall number of wires are broken in a length alr-llne respirators. bo guarded In one of the following ways: 13816 w RULES AND REGULATIONS if (a) With an enclosure of sheet, pert- sides of the trough shall extend at least (c) Horizontal overhead belts more orated, or expanded metal, or woven 2 inches beyond the shafting or protu- than 7 feet above floor or platform shall wire. For standards, see sections 60- berance. For requirements regarding be guarded for their entire length under 204.179 and 60-204.180. materials and construction, see sections the following conditions: (b) With guard rails placed not less 59-204.179 and 60-204.181. (1) If located over passageways or than IS inches nor more than 20 inches from rim. When flywheel extends into pit or is within 12 inches of floor, a standard toe board shall also be provided. For standards, see section 60-204.185. (c) An adjustable guard to be used for starting the engine or for running ad justment may be provided at the fly wheel of gas or oil engines. A slot 50-204.159 Guarding vertical and in clined shafting. Vertical and Inclined shafting 7 feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting maintenance runways, shall be enclosed with a stationary eating in accordance with requirements of sections 50-204.179 and 50-204.181. work places and traveling 1800 feet or more per minute. (2) If center to center distance between puileys is 10 feet or more. (3) If belt is 8 inches or more in width. For detail of guard construction and for sizes of material see section 50-204.183 and table following section 50-204.184. (d) Where the upper and lower runs opening for the jack bar will be permitted. (d) Wherever flywheels are above working areas, guards shall be installed having sufficient strength to hold the weight of the flywheel in the event of a shaft or wheel mounting failure. 50-204.154 Cranks and connecting rods. Cranks and connecting rods, when ex posed to contact, shall be guarded in accordance with sections 50-204.179 and 50-204.180 or by a guard rail as described in section 50-204.185. 50-204.155 Tail rods or extension piston rods. Tail rods or extension piston rods shall be guarded in accordance with sections 50-204.179 and 60-204.181 or by a guard rail on sides and end, with a clearance of not less .than 15 nor more than 20 inches when rod Is fully extended. 50-204.160 Projecting shaft ends. (a) Projecting shaft ends shall pre sent a smooth edge.and end and shall not project more than one-half the di ameter of the shaft unless guarded by nonrotating caps or safety sleeves. (b) Unused key-ways shall be filled up or covered. 50-204.161 Power-transmission appa ratus located in basements. All mechanical power transmission ap paratus located in basements, towers, and rooms used exclusively for power transmission equipment shall be guarded In accordance with these standards, ex cept that the requirements for safe guarding belts, pulleys, and shafting may be omitted if the following con ditions are met: (a) The basement, tower, or room oc cupied by transmission equipment is locked against unauthorized entrance. of horizontal belts are so located that passage of persons between them would be possible, the passage shall be either: (1) Completely barred by a guard rail or other barrier In accordance with sec tions 50-204.179 and 50-204.181, or (2) Where passage is regarded as nec essary, there shall be a platform over the lower run guarded on either side by a raffing completely filled in with wire mesh or other filler, or by a solid barrier. The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact (herewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. In power plants, only the lower run of the belt need be guarded. 50--204.164 Overhead chain and link bell drive*. Overhead chain and link belt drives are governed by the same rules as over head horizontal belts and shall be guarded in the same manner as belts (section 50-204.163). 50-204.156 Governor balls. Governor balls 6 feet or less from the floor or other working level, when ex posed to contact shall be provided with an enclosure extending to the top of the governors balls when at their highest position. The material used in the con struction of this enclosure shall conform to sections 59-204.179 and 60-204.181. (b) The vertical clearance in passage ways between the floor and power trans mission beams, celling, or any other ob jects, is not less than 6 feet 6 indies. (c) The footing is dry, firm, and level. (d) The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accidents. 50-204.162 Pulley*. 50-204.165 Vertical and inclined belts. (a) Vertical and inclined belts shall be enclosed by - a guard conforming to standards in sections 50-204.179 and 50-204.181. (b) All guards for inclined belts shall be arranged in such a manner that a minimum clearance of 7 feet is main 50-204.157 Shafting installation. (a) Each continuous line of shafting shall be secured in a position against ex cessive end-wise movement. (b) Inclined and vertical shafts, par ticularly inclined Idler shafts, shall be securely held In position against endwise thrust 50-204.158 Guarding horizontal shaft ' ing. Any parts of which are 7 feet or less from the floor or working platform shall be guarded in accordance with the stand ards specified under section 50-204.179 and 50-204.181. Pulleys serving as bal ance wheels (e.g., punch presses) on which the point of contact between belt and pulley Is more than 6 feet 6 inches from the floor or platform may be guarded with a disk covering (he spokes. See section 50-204.180. tained between belt and floor at any point outside of guard. 50-204.166 Vertical belts. Vertical belts running over a lower pulley more than 7 feet above floor or platform shall be guarded at the bottom In the same manner as horizontal over head belts, if conditions are such as stated In section 50-204.183(e) (1), (2), and (3). (a) All exposed parts of horizontal shafting 7 feet or less from floor or work ing platform, excepting runways used 50-204.163 Horizontal belts, ropes and chain drives. 50-204.167 Cone-pulley belt*. (a) The cone belt and pulley shall be exclusively for oiling, or running adjust (a) Where both runs of horizontal belts equipped with a belt shifter so con ments, shall be protected by a stationary are 7 feet oc less from the floor level, the structed as to guard adequately the nip- casing enclosing shafting completely or gpard shall extend to at least fifteen point of the belt and pulley. If the by a trough enclosing sides and top or inches above the belt or to a standard frame of the belt shifter does not ade sides and bottom of shafting as location height (see table, section 50-204.181) ex quately guard the nip-point of the belt requires. cept that where both runs of a hori and pulley, the nip-point shall be fur (b) Wherever shafting extends over a zontal belt are 42 inches or less from the ther protected by means of a vertical driveway, it shall be protected as stated floor, the belt shall be fully endosed guard placed in front of the pulley and above unless it Is located 15 feet or more in accordance with sections 50-204.179 extending at least to the top of the above driveway. and 50-204.181. In power plants or largest step of the cone. <c) Shafting under bench machines power-development rooms, a guard rail (b) If the belt is of the endless type or shall be enclosed by a stationary casing, may be used in lieu of the requirement laced with rawhide laces, and a belt or by a trough at sides'and top or sides in section 60-204.163. shifter is not desired, the nip-point of and bottom, as location requires. The (b) Overhead horizontal belts, with the belt pulley shall be protected by a sides of the trough shall come within at lower part 7 feet or less from the floor or nip-point guard located in front of the least 6 inches of the underside of table, platform, shall be guarded on tides and cone extending at least to the top of the or if shafting is located near floor, with bottom in accordance with section 50 largest step of the cone, and formed in 6 inches of floor. In every case the 204.183. to show the contour of the cone in order Wednesday, December 28, 2960 FEDERAL REGISTER <i 13817 to give the nip-point of the belt and covered with safety sleeves or where they 12 square feet, additional frame mem pulley the maximum protection. are used parallel with the shafting and bers shall be provided to maintain panel (c) If the cone is located less than are countersunk or else do not extend area within this limit 3 feet from the floor or working plat beyond the flange of the coupling. <5) All joints of framework shall be form, the cone pulley and belt shall be guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless of whether the belt Is endless or laced Guard Standards for Mechanical Power Transmission made equivalent in strength to the ma terial of the frame. with rawhide. 50-204.179 Materials. 50-204.180 Disk, shield, and "U" 50-204.168 Gears. (a) Standard conditions will be se guards. Gears shall be guarded In accordance with one of the following specifications: (a) A complete enclosure. (b) A standard guard as described In section 204.181 at least 7 feet high ex tending 6 inches above the mesh point of the gears. (c) By a band guard covering the face of the gear and having flanges extended inward beyond the root of the teeth on the exposed side or sides. Where any portion of the train of gears guarded by a band guard is less than 6 feet from the floor a disk guard or a complete enclosure to the height of 6 feet shall be required. cured by the use of the following ma terials: Expanded metal, perforated or solid metal or wire mesh on a frame of angle iron or iron pipe securely fastened to floor or to frame of machine (see sec tion 50-204.181). <1) All metal shall be free from burrs and sharp edges. (2) Wire mesh shall be of the type in which the wires are securely fastened at every cross point either by welding, soldering, or galvanizing, except in case of diamond or square wire mesh made of No. 14 gauge wire, ZA inch mesh or heavier. <b) Design of guards: (a) Disk guard: A disk guard shall consist of a sheet-metal dink not less than No. 22 gauge fastened by "U" bolts or rivets to spokes of pulleys, flywheels, or gears. Where possibility of contact with sharp edges of the disk exists, the edge shall be rolled or wired. In all cases the nuts shall be provided with lock nuts which shall be placed on the unex posed side of the wheel. (b) Shield guards. (1) A shield guard shall consist of a frame filled in with wire mesh, expanded, perforated, or solid sheet petal (2) If area of shield does not exceed' 6 square feet the wire mesh or expanded g 50-204.169 Sprockets and chains. (1) Where it is necessary to change metal may be fastened in a framework All sprocket wheels and chains shall belts, make adjustments or apply oil or of % inch solid rod, % Inch x % inch x be enclosed unless more than 7 feet grease, guards shall have hinged sec V% inch angle iron or metal construction above the floor or platform. Where the tions or be removable. of equivalent strength. drive extends over other machines or <2) Guards shall be designed so as not (3) Metal shields may have edges en working areas, protection against fall to interfere with the usual machine op tirely rolled around a % inch solid iron ing shall be provided. erations, but give the maximum protec rod. AU material of shield guard shall SO--204.170 Openings for oiling. tion to the operator. (c) Methods of manufacture: meet the requirements of section 50-204.181. When frequent oiling must be made,, (1) Filler material shall be expanded (c) "U" Guards: A VU" .guard con openings with hinged or sliding self metal, sheet or perforated metal, or sisting of a fiat surface with edge mem closing covers shall be provided. All wire mesh and be securely fastened to bers shall be designed to cover the under points not readily accessible shall have frame. surface and lower edge of a belt, multiple oil feed tubes if lubricant is to be added (2) By welding to frame every 4 chain, or rope drive. It shall be con while machinery is in motion. inches. By weaving through channel or structed of materials specified in table 50-204.171 Friction drives. (a) The driving point of all friction angle frame, or if No. 14 gauge % inch mesh or heavier is used, by bending en tirely around rod frames. of section 50-294.181 and shall conform to the requirements of sections 50 204.183 and 50-204.184. Edges shall be drives when exposed to contact shall be (3) Where openings in pipe railing smooth, and if size of guard requires, guarded. (b) All arm or spoke friction drives and are to be filled in with expanded metal, wire or sheet metal, the filler material these edges shall be reinforced by rolling, wiring, or by binding with angle or flat all web friction drives with holes in the shall be made into panels with rolled iron. ' web shall be entirely enclosed. edges or bound with "V" or "U" edging (c) All projecting bolts on friction of No. 24 gauge or heavier sheet metal 50-204.181 Approved materials. drives where exposed to contact shall be guarded. 50--204.172 Ke;s, set screws, and oilier projections. All projecting keys, set screws and other projections in revolving parts shall be removed or made flush or guarded by metal covers. This does not apply to keys or set screws within gear or sprocket fastened to the panels with bolts or rivets spaced not more than 5 inches center to center. The bound panels shall be fastened to the railing by sheet-metal clips spaced not more than 5 inches center to center. (4) Where the design of guards re quires filled material of greater area than (a) Minimum Requirements. The materials and dimensions specified in this section shall apply to all guards ex cept horizonal overhead belts, rope, cable or chain guards more than 7 feet above floor, or platform. (For the latter, see table following section 60-304.184J Table or Standard Materials and Dimensions casings or other enclosures, nor to keys, set screws, or oil cups in hubs of pulleys less than twenty inches in diameter where they are within the plane of the Material Clearance from moving part at all points Largest mesh or opening allowable Minimum gauge (U.8. standard) or thickness height of guard from floor or platform level rim of the pulley. 50-204.173 Collars. All revolving collars, including split collars, shall be cylindrical, and screws or bolts used in collars shall not project beyond the largest periphery of the collar. 50--204.174 Couplings. (a) Shaft couplings shall be so con structed as to present no hazard from bolts, nuts, set screws, or revolving sur faces. ' (b) Bolts, nuts, and set screws will, however, be permitted where they are Under 2"_ Woven wire.... 2"-4"_____ Under 4"__ 4"-I6"....... Expauded metal.... Uodor 4"__ 4"-I6"....... Perforated metal........................ Under 4"._ ,4"-lS"....... Sheet metal................................ Under 4"_ 4"-15"....... Under 4"~ Wood or metal strip crossed........ 4"-15"__ Under 4".. Wood or metal strip not crossed. 4"-li"___ Std. rail...................................... Min. I**_ (Max. SO". H".---IHW""_'--_---_---_Ez= fc: M" width.. 1" width... No. No. 1. No. 1A No. No. No. li_ No. 50No. 14No. 25No. J /Wood 14" \MeUl No. 1______ (Wood |4"________ (Metal No. I_____ (Wood 44"------------(Metal No. Id_____ (Wood 44"________ (Metal No. IS_______ J8ee Standard for Railings Sectkin 30LUA. nr. TV. rnvr.. rv. rv. rv. rv. [nr. jro". |ro". \rv. No. 261--Part U------2 13818 4 RULES AND REGULATIONS i 4 <b) Framework: belt and follow the line of the pulley to of the pulleys which the guard encloses (1) Minimum dimensions or material the ceiling or be carried to the nearest thus forming a trough. These side filler for the framework of all guards 'except wall, thus enclosing the belt effectively. members shall be reinforced on the edges as noted in subparagraph (S) of this Where belts are so located as to make it with 1% inch x % inch flat steel, riveted paragraph shall be angle iron 1 inch x 1 Impracticable to carry the guard to wall to the filling material at not greater than inch x Ya inch, metal pipe of 3/ inch in or ceiling, construction of the guard 8 inch centers; the reinforcing strip shall side diameter or metal construction of shall be such as to enclose completely the be fastened or bolted to all guard sup equivalent strength. top and bottom runs of belt and the face porting members with at least one 3.'a (2) All guards shall be rigidly braced of pulleys. See section 55-204.163 (b) inch rivet or bolt at each intersection, every 3 feet or .fractional part of their and ic). and the ends shall be secured to the ceil height to some fixed part of machinery (b> The guard and all its supporting ing with lag screws or bolts. The filling or building structure. Where guard is members shall be securely fastened to materials shall be fastened to the frame exposed to contact with moving equip wall or ceiling by gimlet-point lag screws work of the guard and the filler supports ment additional strength is necessary. or through bolts. In case of masonry by Yu inch rivets spaced on 4 inch cen (3) The framework for all guards construction, expansion bolts shall be ters. The width of the multiple drive fastened to floor or working platform used. shall be determined by measuring the and without other support or bracing (c) Suitable reinforcement shall be distance from the outside of the first to shall consist of 1% inch x 1% inch x Vs provided for the ceiling rafters or over the outside of the last rope or chain in inch angle iron, metal pipe or 1& inch head floor beams, where such is neces the group-accommodated by the pulley. inside diameter or metal construction of equivalent strength. All rectangular sary, to sustain safely the weight and stress likely to be Imposed by the guard. 50--204.185 Guard rails and loe boards. guards shall have at least 4 upright The interior surface of all guards, by (a) Guard rails shall pe 42 Inches in frame members each of which shall be which is meant the surface of the guard height, with mid-rail between top rail carried to the floor and be securely with which a belt will come in contact, and floor. fastened thereto. shall be smooth and free from all pro (b) Posts shall be not more than 8 (4) Cylindrical guards shall have at jections of any character, except where feet apart; they are to be permanent and least 3 supporting members carried to construction demands it; protruding substantia], smooth, and free from pro floor. shallow round-head rivets may be used. truding nails, bolts, and splinters. If (5) Guards thirty inches or less in Overhead belt guards shall be at least made of pipe, the post shall be iy4 inches height and with a total surface not in one-quarter wider than the belt which inside diameter, or larger. If made of excess of ten square feet may have a they protect, except that this clearance metal shapes or bars, their section shall framework of % inch solid rod, % inch need not in any case exceed 6 inches on be equal in strength to that of ll/2 by iy2 x % inch x Ya inch angle or metal con each side. Overhead rope drive and by inch angle iron. If made of wood, struction of equivalent strength. The block and roller-chain-drlveguards shall the posts shall be 2 x 4 Inches or larger. filling material shall correspond to the be not less than 6 Inches wider than the The upper rail shall be 2 x 4 inches or requirements of the table contained in drive on each side. two 1x4 strips, one at the top and one paragraph (a) of this section. (c) The specifications given in para graphs (a) and (b) of this section are the minimum requirements; where guards are exposed to unusual wear, deteriora tion or Impact, heavier material and construction shall be used to protect amply against the specific hazards involved. 50-204.182 Wood guards. (a)Wood guards may be used in the woodworking and chemical Industries, in Industries where the presence of fumes or where manufacturing conditions In overhead silent chain-drive guards where the chain is held from lateral displacement on the sprockets, the side clearances required on drives of 20 inch centers or under shall not be less than Vi inch from the nearest moving chain part and on drives of over 20 inch centers a minimum of % inch from the nearest moving chain part. *&) The table following section 50 204.184 gives sizes of materials to be used and general construction of guards for belts 10 Inches or more in width. No material for overhead belt guards at the side of posts. The mid-rail shall be 1 x 4 inches or more. The rails (metal shapes, metal bars, or wood), shall be on that side of the posts which gives the best protection and support. Where panels are fitted with-expanded metal or wire mesh as noted in table, section 204.181 the middle rails may be omitted. Where guard is exposed to contact with moving equipment, addi tional strength may be necessary. (c) Toe boards shall be 4 Inches or more in height, of wood, metal, or of metal grill not exceeding 1 inch mesh. would cause the rapid deterioration of should be smaller than that specified in Miscellaneous Machine Guarding metal guards; also in construction work and in locations outdoors where extreme cold or extreme heat makes metal guards this table for belts 10 to 14 inches wide, even if the belt is less than 10 Inches in width. However, No. 20 gauge sheet 50--204.190 Lathes screw machines. and automatic ' and railings undesirable. In all other metal may be used as a filler on guards (a) Chucks and face plates shall be industries, wood guards will not be for belts less than 10 inches wide. Ex free from projections, and dogs, If u$ed, allowed. panded metal, because of the sharp shall be of the safety type only--circular <b) Material and construction. edges, shall not be used as a filler in hori In shape with no projections beyond the (1) Wood shall be sound, tough, and zontal belt guards. periphery. free from any loose knots. (e) For clearance between guards and (b) Chip guards to catch flying chips, (2) Guards shall be made of planed belts, ropes or chains of various center particularly in the case of the high lumber not less than one inch rough to center dimensions between the shafts, speeds used in the.softer metals, shall be board measure and edges and corners see bottom of table following section provided.' rounded off. 50-204.184. (c) Rotating stock in turret lathes and (3) Wood guards shall be securely fastened together with wood screws, hard wood dowel pins, bolts, or rivets. 50-204.184 Guards for horizontal overhead rope and chain drives. automatic screw machines shall be com pletely enclosed in pipe long enough to contain the longest stock used. (4) While no definite dimensions are Overhead-rope and chain-drive guard (d) Suitable shields and oil catchers given under this heading for framework construction shall conform to section 50 shall be provided to prevent slipperiness or filler materials, wood guards shall be 204.183 for overhead-belt guard con from oil thrown from the automatic equal in strength and rigidity to metal struction of similar width, except that screw machines. . guards specified 204.181(a) <b)(c). in section 50- the filler materials shall be of the solid type as shown in table following section 50-204.191 Drill presses. (5) For construction of standard wood 50-204.181 (a) unless the fire hazard de (a) All projections on the rotating railing, see section 50-204.185. mands the use of open construction. A spindle and as much as possible of the S 50-204.183 Coards overhead bells. for horizontal side guard member of the same solid fill ing material shall be carried up in a vertical position 2 inches above the level spindle itself should be guarded. (b) Spindle drive belts, when in range of the operator's head or body, shall be (a) Ouards for horizontal overhead of the lower run of the rope or chain guarded to protect the operator from belts shall run the entire length of the drive and 2 Inches within the periphery both contact and breakage. Wednesday, December 28, ivJ FEDERAL REGISTER 13819 (JDABD RSQUIBE1IIXTS VOB HORIZONTAL, OriBBtAD BELTS, ROTES, AND CHAINS 7 FEET OB MOBE A BOTE (b) General requirements for point of Floor ok Plaitoeu operations guarding. Every point of op Width eration guarding device ahaII be simple and reliable In construction, application, Member* Over 10" to 14" loci. Over 14" to 24" Ind. Over 24" Material Framework----------------------- -- lH"xl 2" x 2" x Me"____ 8" 11" e )4"_____ Angle tron. Filler (belt guards)----------- --- .... 9" 1 %<*". . ___ 2" X %V' Filler and vertical side member-- No. 20 A.W.O___ No. 18 A.W.O--.. No. 18 A.W.O.... Solid sheet metal. Filler supports_______________ 2" x Ms" fiat iron. 2" x H" flat tron.. 2M"e3M"x M" Flat A Angle. angle. *"**<" _ 9" v Vtf* * Flat Iron. and adjustment It shall be perma nently attached to the press or the die. It shall not oiler any accident hazard In Itself. (1) The device shall be designed and constructed so that it Is impossible for the operator to place or permit his hand or fingers to remain within the danger T1STSNIKG8 Filler supports to framework___ Filler flats to supports (belt guards) Filler to frame and supports (rope and chain guards). Guard supports to framework__ Guard and supports to overhead celling. (2) Ms"................. 0) Me"......... ........ rivets spaced. ca H".................. H" * 8H" lag screws or H" bolts. (2) H".................. (1) Me"................. m= Rivets. Flush rivets. 8"eeaferson sides \ nd 4" centers on bo ttom. (2) Me".---------- (2)54".-------------- Rivets or bolts. 54" x 4" lag M" 0" lag Lag screws or screws or 54" screws or 54" bolts. bolts. bolts. DBTA03--SfACIKG, BTC. Width ot guards-................ -- Spacing between filler supports^ onc-ouartcr wider t ban belt, rope, or chain drive. in C. 16" 0. to C........... 16" 0. to C........... Spacing between filler flat (belt 2" apart............ 2)4" apart_______ 3" apart____ ____ guards). Spacing between guard supports. 36" C. to C........... SO" 0. to C.......... 38" C. tc C........... OTHXB BUT OTJABD FJUJKQ mMOTED zone created by the movement of the ram (2) Care shall be used In the selection of the method of guarding for each par ticular job. Guards shnii be installed, maintained, and adjusted to produce sale operation at each setting of the press. (3) Guards which are attached to the ram and which move downward so that the operator's hand or fingers might be caught between gate and lower die shall not be used. (c) Fixed barrier guard. (1) A fixed barrier guard is an enclosure to prevent the hands or fingers of the operator from entering the area between the dies. It Sheet metal fastened as in rope No. 20 A.W.O.__ No. IS A.W.O.... No. 18 A.W.O.... Boltd or per and chatn guards. forated. Woven wire, 2" mesh.... .......... . No. 12 A.W.O----- No. 10 A.W.O----- No. 8 A.W.O____ may be attached to the press or Individ ual guards may be attached to the dies. (2) There shall be no exposed shear CLEARANCE VBOM OOTSIDE Of BELT, BOTE, OB CBAAN DBTTB TO ODABD points between the guard and any mov ing part. Distanceoenter to oenterofshafts. Up to in' lncl Olearanoe from belt, rope, or to guard. OverlS'to 2? tnd. Over 28'to 40'bid. Over 40'. 10" .................. 15"........................ 20". (3) Openings In the guard or between the guard and working surface shall not be greater than those shown In the Table below: g 50-204.192 Planers and shapers consist of a two-handed device requiring PptMTSdmLX OrsareHsa (inches) (metal). (a) The spaces between the ways of planer frames shall be filled In smoothly with heavy sheet metal to eliminate the shear hazard. (b) "Where there Is not a 12-lnch clearance between a fixed object and the planer table and the work carried on the table, a railing shall be provided between the fixed object and the table and the work on the table to protect workers the simultaneous use of the worker's two hands at points outside the zone of danger. (b> In addition to the point of opera tion guard or device -described in sec tion 60-204.154(a). the power-driven guillotine cutter shall be provided with an arrangement which will prevent the cutter from making a seoond stroke until the lever or two-handed device Is again used. Distance of opening Maximum from nip point: width of opening 0Vs to 1%--------------------------------- >/. 1)4 to 3)4--------------------------------- % 2J4 to 8)4--------------------------------- V4 3)4 to 8%--------------------------------- K 6)4 to 6)4--------------------- % 6)4 to 7)4--------------------------------- % 7)4 to 8%--------------------------------- 1% (4) For the portion of the guard be tween the operator and the die or work passing between the fixed object and the g 50-204.195 Power presses. ing area, It Is required that %-lnch planer. g 50-204.193 Shears. (a) Alligator shears shall be guarded by running a heavy U-shaped metal strap horizontally around the moving (upper) Jaw with the lower edge of the (a) Safeguarding classification. One or more means of safeguarding the press at the point of operation shall be pro vided and used on every power press, depending upon the method of feeding, In accordance with the following: minimum vertical steel rods, vertically slotted material, or shatterproof, non flammable, transparent material be used. Mesh, or perforated plate shall not be used between the operatin' and the die. (5) Any hinged or movable section of a fixed barrier guard shall be con strap just far enough above the cutting SATSSUABDING QLASSOTCAlTOlf nected to an Interlocking device that will edge of the fixed (lower) jaw to allow the Method of feeding prevent tripping the press while the sec material to be Inserted In the shears.' press Safeguarding required tion Is open. (b) Squaring shears shall be provided with a fixed barrier which clears the top of the table by not more than % Inch plus the minimum thickness of material lor which ued. Automatic clamps shall be acceptable as guards when cutouts are filled In so that fingers of the op erator cannot enter the danger zone. Automatic feed: Fixed barrier guard or Automatic ron feed. gate guard (section Automatic push, 00-204.198 (c), (d) pull or dial teed. Semiautomatic feed: Fixed barrier guard or Chute teed (both gate guard (section gravity end fol- 60-204.108 (c). (d) low feed). Slide or push feed. 811<llng dies. ,(d> Gate guards. (1) A gate guard is a movable barrier arranged so that it completes the enclosure of the point of operation before the operating clutch can become engaged. (2) Openings In the barrier of the gate guard shall be not greater than those specified for the openings in fixed barrier g 50-204.194 Guillotine cutters, power- Dial feed. guards in section 50-204.195(c) (3). The driven. (a) Power-driven guillotine cutters Bevolvlng dies. Manual feedFixed barrier guard or gate guard, two- mechanism of the guard shall be de signed so that there win be no positive shall be equipped with a guard or device hand tripping device, linkage or other close motion which may which will prevent the hands of the workers from entering the zone traveled by the knife while the knife Is In motion. or pull-out guard, trap the hand of the operator. electronic a w e e p guard (section 60S0419S (). (d). (e). (3) Gate guards shall Include either fixed or movable side enclosures around This may be a fixed barrier or It may (f).(gMb)) the die. 13820 RULES AND REGULATIONS * (4) When the speed of the ram is so reach behind the guard in the danger 50-204.198 Platen presses. slow that an operator might beat the zone before the ram has completed its wm on the down stroke after the press downward stroke. has been tripped, the gate guard shall be (3) The sweep or sweeps shall not designed so that the gate remains closed offer any hazard of or in themselves by until the ram has completed the down . creating a shear hazard between the stroke. sweep arm and press tie rods, die straps, (c) Two-hand tripping device. (1) or other parts of the press or guard. Two-hand tripping devices Include only <i) One-hand tripping-device. When Platen presses shall be provided with an automatic feed -device, an automatic stop device, a guard gate or sweep motion device, or another device, all as defined in this section. (a) An automatic feed device is one which does not require the operator's hand to be placed between the platen those which make it impossible to ever a press is set up so as to require and bed. - trip the press without the simultaneous use of both hands outside the danger tripping the ram or plunger by one hand, additional guarding as specified in sec (b) An automatic stop device is one which will prevent the platen from clos rone, it shall be designed, located, and tion 50-204.195 shall be provided. ing if the hand or hands of the operator arranged so as to prevent tying, wedging, (j) Special hand tools. Hand tools are caught between the platen and the or otherwise securing one handle or but for placing and removing material shall bed. ton or operating it with any gesture or be such as to permit easy handling of (c) A guard, gate or sweep motion device and tripping the press while the material without the operator's placing device, is one which will throw the op other hand may be in the danger zone. a hand in the danger zone. Such tools erator's hands out of the way before (2) On friction-clutch-o p e r a t e d shall not be accepted in lieu of other the press closes. If the guard is of the presses, the controls shall be arranged so guarding as provided in this section. type which lifts the hands out of the that if any hand is removed from a con trol"during the down stroke of the ram, 50-204:196 Foot presses. danger zone, it shall rise at least 4 Inches above the platen before the press closes. it will be Instantly stopped. Foot presses shall be guarded by one The guard shall be arranged so that it (3) Where two or more persons are or more of the guards described in sec will prevent a shear between the guard , engaged in the operation of a single tion 50-204.195 (a) to (d). inclusive. and the top of the platen. press, separate two-hand controls shall (a) Fixed barrier guards. Fixed bar (d) ''Another device" is one that will be provided for each person, except that rier guards shall conform to section 50- prevent the platen from closing on the an auxiliary foot control (air or electric) may be used in lieu of one set of two-hand controls, provided the foot control is located so that the nip point is out of the reach of the operator, but the foot con trols shall in no case be less than a dis 204.195(c). (b) Limitation of stroke. If a foot or kick press is guarded by limitation of the ram stroke, the adjustment must be set and locked securely in position to limit the maximum travel of the ram to operator's hands before they are removed from between the platen and the bed. 50-204.199 Abrasive wheels. (a) The machine shall be securely mounted on substantial floors, benches, tance of 36 inches measured horizontally from the nip point. <f) Pull-out guards. (1) Pull-out guards shall be so constructed as to be attached to the operator's hands or arms and connected to the ram, plunger, or outer slide of the press in such a way that the operator's hands and fingers will be withdrawn from the danger zone before the ram. plunger, or outer slide descends to a hazardous point. (2) Where the open distance between the top of the work and the lower ex tremity of the punch is less than 2 Inches the multiplying action of this guard shall % inch on each stroke. There shall be no pinching or crushing hazards be tween other parts of the ram or die shoe. (c) Gate guards. A gate shall be de signed to close the opening at the front of the press before the foot lever can be operated. (d) Two-hand operation. Two-hand operations shall conform to section 50204.195(e). (e) Sweep guards. Sweep guards shall conform to section 60-204.195(h). (f) Pull-out guards. Pull-out guards shall conform to section 50-204.195(f). (g) Location. Foot presses shall not foundations or other adequate structures. (b) Guards. Every stationary abra sive wheel and portable wheel-used in stationary position shall be equipped with a hood or band guard strong enough to withstand the shock of a bursting whceL A guard of this type shall also be used on every portable wheel where the nature of the work will permit. (c) Spindle. The spindle and nut and flange projection, if any, shall be guarded. (d) Mountings and fastenings. Hoods shall be mounted so os to maintain proper alignment with the wheels, and the strength of the fastenings shall ex be such that the hands will be with drawn a safe distance before this open be located in a position which will permit the operating lever to extend Intp an ceed the strength of the hood. (e) Dust exhaust provisions. Hoods distance is V.< closed. aisle or passageway. on machines used for dry grinding and <g) Electronic safety device. (1) (h) Mounting. Foot presses shall be other operations where dust is produced An electronic safety device shall be securely bolted to the floor. shall have provisions made for connec so designed and Installed that when the operator's hand or any part of the body is in the die zone, the press cannot 50-204.197 devices. Other power-press safety tion to an exhaust system. (f) Work rests. Work rests shall be kept adjusted close to the wheel with a be tripped and if the hand or any part (a) Treadle guard. A substantial maximum distance of Vs inch to prevent of the body is inserted while the ram is guard shall be placed over the treadle the work from being caught between the In a downward motion, it will immedi of every foot-operated power press to wheel and the rest. ately stop the ram. <2) These guards shall be operated from a circuit wired so that interruption of the electric current will automatically prevent the press from tripping-until the current has been restored. (3) Electronic safety devices shall not be used on positive clutch presses where the ram continues for a complete stroke prevent accidental tripping. (b) Foot treadle. The use of tension springs or counterweights on any treadle shaft of tension springs on any treadle- shaft lever is prohibited. (c) Latch on hand-operating lever. Hand-operated power presses, shall be equipped with a spring latch on the op erating lever to prevent accidental or 50-204.200 Revolving drums and cyl inders. Every revolving barrel, drum or other revolving container shall be guarded by an enclosure which is interlocked with the driving mechanism, so that the barrel or drum cannot revolve unless the guard enclosure is in place. after each tripping of the press. premature tripping. 50-204.201 Fans. _(h) Sweep guards. (1) Sweep guards may be provided with either single or double sweep arms. The sweep arm. or arms, shall be connected to the ra*n in such a way as to forcibly sweep the (d) Interlocking device. Each handoperated power press, if tended by more than one person at one time shall con form to the requirements of section 50- 204.195(e) (1) and (3). When the periphery of the blades of a fan is less than 7 feet above the floor or working level the blades shall be guarded. ' hands of the operator from the die zone (e) Single-stroke attachments. On Woodworking Machinery as the ram or plunger descends and be fore there is danger of injury. positive-type clutch presses a single stroke attachment shill be provided, by 50-204.208 Circular table saws. (2) Sweep guards shall be so designed which the treadle or operating lever is (a) Guards. Each circular saw shall and operated that the operator cannot disconnected after each stroke. be guarded by a hood which shall com- Wednesday, December 28, _ ,0 FEDERAL REGISTER r , 13821 ptetely enclose that portion of the saw from flying splinters, broken saw teeth, zontal head shall be equipped with a above the table and shall be arranged so etc., and will deflect sawdust away from cylindrical cutting head, the knife pro that the hood will automatically adjust the operator. The sides of the lower jection of which shall not exceed Ye inch itself to the thickness of, and remain in exposed portion of the blade shall be beyond the cylindrical body of the head. contact with, the material being cut. guarded to the full diameter of the blade . (2) The clearance between the edge Where there is a possibility of contact by a device that will automatically ad of the rear table and the cutter head with a portion of a circular saw beneath just Itself to the thickness of the stock shall be' not more than Ye inch. The or behind the saw table, that portion and remain in contact with stock being table throat opening shall be not more shall be covered with a guard to prevent cut to give maximum protection possible than 2% inches when tables are 6et or accidental contact with the saw. for the operation being performed. aligned with each other for zero cut. <b) Spreaders. Each circular ripsaw (b) Spreaders. When radial saws are (b) Automatic guards. (1) Each shall be. furnished with a spreader to used for ripping, a spreader shall be pro hand-fed jointer with a horizontal prevent material from squeezing the saw vided meeting the requirements ex cutting head sfiall have an automatic or being thrown back on the operator. pressed in section 50-204.208 (b). guard which will cover all the section A spreader need not be used for work (c) Non-kickback fingers or dogs. of the head on the working side of the which is restricted to grooving, dadoing, Each radial saw used for ripping shall fence or gage. The guard shall keep or rabbeting. be provided with non-kickback fingers or the operator's hand from coming in con <c) Non-kickback fingers or dogs. dogs located on both sides of the saw tact with the revolving knives. The Each circular ripsaw shall be provided so as to oppose the thrust or tendency of guard shall automatically adjust itself to with non-kickback fingers or dogs so the saw to pick up the material or to cover the unused portion of the head located as to oppose the thrust or tend throw it back toward the operator. and remain in contact with the material ency of the saw to pick up the material (d) Adjustable stops and return de at all times. or to throw it back toward the operator. vices. An adjustable stop shall be pro (2> Each hand-fed jointer with hori 50-204.209 Swing and sliding cut-off saws. The requirements expressed in this section apply to all swing cut-oil saws and to those sliding cut-off saws which are mounted above the table. vided to prevent the forward travel of the blade beyond the position necessary, to complete the cut in repetitive operations. 50-204.212 Portable circular saws. All portable power-driven saws shall be equipped with guards above and below zontal cutting head shall have a guard which will cover the section of the head back of the gage or fence. (3) Each wood jointer with vertical head shall have either an exhaust hood or other guard so arranged as to enclose completely the revolving head, except for (a) Hood. Each of the saws to which the base plate or shoe. The upper guard a slot of such width as may be necesssary this section applies shall be provided shall cover the saw to the depth of the and convenient for the application of with a hood that shall completely en teeth, except for the arc required to material to be jointed. close the upper half of the saw, the arbor end, and the point of operation at all positions of the saw. The hood shall permit the base to be tilted. The lower guard shall cover the saw to the depth of the teeth, except for the minimum arc 50--204.215 Wood shaper*, hand-fed panel raisers, and similar machines. be constructed in such a manner and of required to allow proper retraction and (a) The cutting heads of each wood such material that it will protect the contact with the work. When the tool shaper, hand-fed panel raiser, or other operator from flying splinters and broken is withdrawn from the work, the lower similar machine not automatically fed, saw teeth. It shall be designed so that guard shall automatically and instantly shall be enclosed with a cage or adjust it will automatically cover the lower por return to covering position. able guard designed to keep the opera tion of the blade, so that when the saw is returned to the back of the table the hood will rise on top of the fence, and when the saw is moved forward the hood will drop on top of and remain in con tact with the table or material being cut. (b) Counterweights. Each of the saws to which this section applies shall 50-204.213 Band saws and band re saws. (a) Enclosing band-saw blades. All portions of the saw blade shall be en closed or guarded, except for the work ing portion of the blade between the bot tom of the guide rolls and the table. Band-saw wheels shall be fully encased. tor's hands away from the cutting edge. The diameter of circular shaper guards shall be not less than the greatest di ameter of the cutter. In no case shall a warning device of leather or other material attached to the spindle be acceptable. (b) Cylindrical heads shall be used whenever the nature of the work will be provided with an effective device to The outside periphery of the enclosure permit. return the saw automatically to the back shall be solid. The front and back of (c) All double-spindle shapers shall of the table when released at any point the band wheels shall be either enclosed be provided with a starting and stopping in its travel. by solid material or by wire mesh-or device for each spindle. (c) limit stops. Limit chains or other equally effective devices shall be provided to prevent the saw from swinging beyond the front or back edges of the table. (d) Latches. A latch or equivalent device shall be provided to prevent the saw from rebounding upon its return- to the rear of the table. . g 50--204.210 Inverted swing cut-off saws (jump saws). . perforated metal. Such mesh or per forated metal shall be not less than 0.037 inch (VS. Gauge Mo. 20). and the open ings shall be not greater than % inch. Solid material used for this purpose shall be of an equivalent strength and firm ness. The guard for the portion of the blade between the sliding guide and the upper-saw-wheel guard shall protect the operator from the saw blade at the front and outer side. Brakes shall be pro 50-204.216 Planing, molding, sticking and matching machines. (a) Each planing, molding, sticking, and matching machine shall have all cutting heads, and saws If used, covered by a metal guard. If such guard is con structed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than Vie inch in thick ness; and, if cast iron is used. It shall be not less than Inch In thickness. Inverted swing-cut-off saws shall be provided with a hood that will cover the part of the saw that protrudes above the top of the table or above the material being cut. It shall automatically adjust Itself to the thickness of, and remain in vided to stop the wheel in case of blade breakage. ' (b) Tension. Each band-saw ma chine shall be provided with a tension control device to indicate a proper ten sion for the standard saws used on the (b) Where an exhaust system is used, the guards shall form part or all of the exhaust hood and shall be constructed of metal of a thickness not less than that specified in paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Feed rolls shall be guarded by a contact with, the material being cut. 50-204.211 Radial saws. (a) Hoods and. guards. The upper machine. (c) Feed rolls. Peed rolls of band re saws shall be protected with a guard to prevent the hands of the operator from hood or suitable guard to prevent the hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running rolls at any point. The guard shall be fastened to hood shall completely enclose the upper coming in contact with the in-running the frame carrying the rolls so as to re portion of the blade down to a point rolls at any point. main in adjustment for any thickness of that will include the end of the saw arbor. The upper hood shall be con 50-204.214 Jointer*. stock. " (d) Surfaoers or planers used in proc structed in such a maimer and of such (a) Point of operation. (1) Each essing multiple pieces of material simul material that it will protect the operator hand-fed planer and jointer with hori taneously shall be provided with sec- 33822 RULES AND REGULATIONS 4 iional infeed rolls having sufficient yield 50-204.232 Tools and other materials. (c) Covered receptacles shall be kept In the construction of the sections to provide feeding contact pressure on the stock, over the permissible range of variation in stock thickness specified or Tools, materials, or debris shall not be strewn about in a manner which may cause tripping or other hazards. in all toilet rooms used hy women. . 50--204.242 Construction of toilet rooms. for which the machine is designed. In lieu of such yielding sectional rolls, suit g 50-204.253 posal. Receptacles for waste dis (a) Each toilet facility (closet) shall occupy a separate compartment, able section kickback finger devices shall Any receptacle used for decaying solid equipped with a door, latch, and dothes he provided at the Infeed end. or liquid waste or refuse shall be so con hook. 50-204.21? Sanding machines. structed that it does not leak and may be (b) The walls of compartments or conveniently and thoroughly cleaned, partitions between fixtures may be less (a) Feed rolls. Feed rolls of self-feed and it shall be maintained In a sanitary than the height of room walls, but the sanding machines shall be protected with condition. Such a receptacle shall be top shall not be less than six feet from a semi-cylindrical guard to prevent the equipped with a tight-fitting cover. the floor and the bottom not more than hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running rolls at any polut. The guard shall be constructed 50-204.234 moval. Sweeping and refuse re one foot from the floor. (c) The door to every toilet room, shall be fitted with an effective self-closing of heavy material firmly secured to the All sweepings, solid or liquid waste, device, and the entrance to the toilet frame carrying the rolls so as to remain refuse, and garbage shall be removed in rooms shall be so screened that the In In adjustment for any thickness of stock. such a manner as to avoid creating a terior of the toilet room Is not visible The bottom of the guard shall come nuisance or menace to health and as from the workroom. down to within % inch of a plane formed by the bottom or contact face of the feed roll, where It touches the stock. (b) Drum, sanding machines. Each drum sanding machine shall have an exhaust hood, or other guard, arranged to enclose the revolving drum, except for that portion of the drum above the table, If a table Is used. (c) Disk sanding machines. Each often as necessary to maintain the place of employment In a sanitary condition. Toilet Facilities and Wash Rooks 50-204.239 Separate toilet for each 6ex. Every place of employment shall be provided with adequate toilet facilities which are separate for each sex. (d) The floors, walls, ceilings, parti tions, and doors of all toilet rooms shall be of a finish that can be easily cleaned. (e) Toilet rooms, except those In work places accessible to men only, shall be completely enclosed with solid material that Is nontransparent from the outside. 50-204.243 ChemMal closets and privies. disk sanding machine shall .have the exhaust hood, or other guard If no ex haust system Is required, arranged to encloee the revolving disk, except for that portion of the disk above the table, if a table Is used. 50-204,240 Location. Toilet facilities shall be provided so as to be readily accessible to all-employees. Toilet facilities so located that employees must use more than one floor-to-floor flight of stairs are not considered as When chemical closets or privies are permitted by local law they shall be of a type approved by the health authorities having Jurisdiction and shall be main tained In a sanitary condition. (d) Belt sanding machines. Belt readily accessible. 50-204.244 Washing facilities. sanding machines shall be provided with guards at each nip point where the sand ing belt runs on to a pulley. The unused run of the sanding belt shall be guarded against accidental contact. Housekeeping 8 50-204.229 General. All phases of employment, passage ways, storerooms, and service rooms shall be kept clean and orderly and In a sanitary condition. 8 50-204230 Floors. (a) Floors of every workroom shall be maintained In a clean, and, so far as pos sible, a dry condition. Where wet proc esses are used, drainage shall be main 50-204.241 Water closets. Water closets, or chemical closets or privies where permitted by local law, shall be provided for each sex and shall be In accordance with the following table. The number to be provided for each sex shall In every case be based on the maximum number of persons of that sex employed at any one time at work on the premises for which the facilities are furnished. When persons other than employees are permitted the use of toilet facilities on the premises, a reasonable allowance shall be made for such other persons In computing the minimum number of toilet facilities required. (a) Minimum Adequate facilities for maintaining personal cleanliness shall be provided in every place of employment. These shall be convenient for the employees for whom they are provided and shall be maintained In a sanitary condition. (a) At least one lavatory (wash'basin) with adequate hot and cold water, shall be provided for every 20 employees (men or women) or portion thereof, up to 100 persons, and one lavatory (wash basin) for each additional 25 persons or portion thereof. Twenty-four Inches of sink with Individual faucet shall be considered as equal to one lavatory. In all In stances, a suitable cleansing agent shall be provided at each wash place. ' (b) Where employees are exposed to tained. and false'floors, platforms, mats, number of skin contamination by poisonous. Infec or other dry standing places should be Number 0/ persons facilities tious, or irritating material, one lavatory provided where practicable. I to B____________ ____ 1 supplied with hot and cold water, shall (b) Cleaning and sweeping shall be done In such a manner as to minimi** the contamination of the air with dust and, so far as Is practicable, should be done outside of working hours. (c) Every floor, working place, and 10 to 34___________ 26 to 49___________ 80 to 74................... . 76 to 100............--. Over 100--__ -___ ____ ---- ____ ___ --- > 1 for each additional SO persona. 2 8 4 be provided for every & employees. (c) One shower bath with ample sup 6 ply of hot and cold water from one C) fixture shall be supplied for every 15 workers, or portion thereof, exposed to excessive heat or to skin contamination passageway shall be kept free from pro Where 10 or more are employed, one by poisonous, infectious, or Irritating truding nails, splinters, holes, or loose boards. water closet less than the number spedfled in the foregoing may be provided for material. (d) Individual band towels, or sections 8 50-204.231 Flammable materials. Oily rags, oily waste, waste paper and ether flammable and combustible mate rial shall be stored In tightly closed metal containers. Magnesium and other flam mable metal scraps shall not be mixed men for each urinal, except that the number of water closets In such cases may not be reduced to less than twothirds of the number specified In the foregoing. TWO feet of trough urinal shall be considered as equivalent to one Individual urinal. thereof, of cloth or paper, or mechanical apparatus for drying the hands, shall be provided. Proper receptacles or other sanitary means shall be maintained for the disposal of used towels. Towels for common use shall not be provided. with other scrap. All flammable scrap (b) An adequate supply of toilet paper (e) Adequate washing facilities shall material of any kind shall be removed with holder shall be provided for every be provided In every toilet room or ad from the work areas dally. water closet. jacent thereto. Wednesday, December 2S, u60 FEDERAL REGISTER J 13823 50-204.245 Change rooms. water the construction of the oontalner furnace tending, and irradiation with Separate change or dressing rooms shall be provided lor each sex wher ever it is the practice to change from street clothes or wherever it is necessary to change because the work performed involves exposure to excessive dirt. heat, fumes, vapor, or moisture. Where change rooms are not provided, facili ties shall be furnished for hanging outer garments: (a) Where employees work clothes are exposed to contamination by poisonous, infectious, or irritating material, facili ties shall be provided in change rooms so that street and work clothes will not be stored in contact with each other. (b) Where the process in which the worker is engaged Is such that his work ing clothes become wet or have to be washed between shifts, provision shall be made to insure that such clothing is dry before re-use. shall be such that the Ice does not come in direct contact with the water. (c) Open containers such as barrels, pails, or tanks for drinking water from which the water must be dipped or poured, whether or not they are fitted with a cover, shall not be allowed. <d) The common drinking cup is prohibited. (e) Where single service cups are sup plied, a sanitary container for the unused cups and a receptacle for disposing of the used cups shall be provided. 50-204.259 Non-potable water. Outlets for non-potable water, such as water for industrial or fire-fighting purposes only, shall be posted to Indicate that the water is unsafe and is not to be used for drinking,.washing, or cooking purposes. ' Medical Services ultraviolet light. 50-204.270 First-aid for chemical burns. Where workers' eyes may be exposed to injurious chemical materials such as acids, caustics, etc., suitable facilities for quick drenching or flushing of tbe eyes shall be provided within the workroom, for immediate emergency use. Environmental Conditions 50--204.275 Toxic gas-es, vapors, fumes, dusts, and mists. No employee shall be exposed to any of the gases, vapors, mists, dusts, or fumes on the list In section 50-204.276 which exceed the limits there stated when ap plied to him on an average basis for an eight hour workday, nntoai he is pro tected therefrom by respiration equip ment approved for the purpose by the 50--204.246 Retiring rooms for women. Where 10 or more women are employed at any one time, at least one retiring room shall be provided. (a) Where less than 10 women are employed and a retiring room is not fur nished, some equivalent space shall be provided which can be properly screened for privacy and made suitable for the use of women employees. (b) At least one couch or bed shall be provided in every place where women are 50-204.264 Medical services. United States Bureau of Mines of the (a) The employer shall assure the ready availability of qualified medical personnel for advice and consultation on plant health problems, for emergency medical services, and for the supervision of first-aid attendants. (b) In the absence of an infirmary, a person trained to render first aid and a kit containing the following items shall be available at every - place of` employment. United' States Department of the In terior and operated in accordance with the recommendations of its manufac turer. Exposures without such equip ment which exceed such limits tempo rarily; without exceeding them on a dally average basis, or which involve- more than .one such toxic substance, regard less of the degree of its concentration, are also hazardous unless they are undertaken in strict conformity with prior written approval of a qualified in employed. The number of such beds or 1 Adhesive Plaster V4" x 5 yd. RoU. dustrial hygienist who has studied.the couches required shall be as follows: Beds 1 to 100.......................... -................ -.......... 1 100 to 250................................................... 2 1 Adhesive Plaster, 1 x 6 yd. Roll. 2 Absorbent Cotton, 2-ounce packages. 1 Absorbent Gauze, 1 yd. 1 Actlvol Soap, 2-ounce bottle. 100 Adhesive Bandages, 1". particular circumstances of exposure and the toxic substances and concentra tions Involved. 50-204.276 Threshold limit values. 1 additional bed for each additional 250 women employees. A minimum of 60 square feet per bed shall be provided. Lunch Rooms and Pood Handling 50--204.251 Location. 1 Aromatic Spirits of Ammonia. 2-ounce bottle. 1 Boric Acid Solution. 2-ounce bottle. 1 Castor Oil, 2-ounce bottle. ' 12 Compress Bandages. 2". 4 Compress Bandages, 4". 12 Cotton Wound Applicators. Oases and vapors--Substance Farts per million parts of air by volume Milligrams per cubic meterofsir In all places of employment where em ployees lunch on the premises, an ade quate space suitable for that purpose shall be provided for the maximum num ber of employees who may use such space at one time. Such space shall be sepa rate from any location where there is ex posure to toxic materials. 50--204.252 Waste food disposal. A covered receptacle shall be provided and shall be used by employees for the disposal of all waste food. ' 50--204.253 Presence of toxic mate rials. No employee shail be permitted to store or eat any part of his lunch or other food at any time where there are present any toxic material or other sub stance that may be injurious to health. Drinking Water g 50--204.258 Potable water. (a) An adequate supply of potable water, approved as to source and dis tribution by appropriate authority, shall be provided for drinking, washing and cooking purposes in all places of employment. (b) In all Instances where water is cooled by ice made from non-potable 1 Eye Cup. Acetaldehyde.......................... 200 1 Eye Dropper. 6 Finger Cots. 6 Pollle for Burns, '/a oz. tubes. Acetic add............................. Acetic anhydride.................... Acetone........ ......................... Acrolein........ .......................... 150 1.000 .9 1 Follle for Burns. 2-ounce bottle. Acrylonitrile.......................-- 20 6 Gauze Roller Bandages 1" x 6 yds. 6 Gauze Roller Bandages 2" x 6 yds. 6 Gauze Roller Bandages 3" x 6 yds. AUyl aloohol.........-................. Allyl chloride, f............. ......... AUyl propyl disulfide........-- .Ammonia................................ 5 6 2 100 10 Gauze Sterilized. 12" x 18". Amvl ...... .......... ;....... 200 1 Merthlolate. Tincture. 2-ounce bottle. 1 Medicine Glass. 1 Manual First Aid Instruction. Amyl alcohol (isoemyl al cohol)............................ .. Aniline.... ....................... . Arsine................... -- 1060.0* 1 Scissors Pair 4" Bandage. 1 Tweezers Pair 3V4" 12 Safety Pins. Benzene (benzol).......... Benzyl chloride____________ Bromine....................... .......... Butadiene (1,3-batadiene)----- _ 2*1 1 1.000 1 Spoon. Butanone (methyl ethyl ke 1 Tourniquet. 2 Triangular Bandages 40" tone).................................... Butyl acetate (n-butyl ace* tate)..................................... 290 200 6 Wood Splints tor Fractures. 12 Wood Tongue Depressors. Butyl aloobol....... ..... ............ Butylamtoe............................. 100 6 Butyl cellosolve (2-butory- Eye Protection etnanol)............................... SO Carbon dioxide....................... 9,000 50-204.269 General requirement. Carbon disulfide..................... Carbon monoxide............. ... 20 100 Eye protection shall be provided where Carbon tetrachloride.............. Cellosolve (2-ethoxyethanol).. 25 200 persons are exposed to any hazard which Cellosolve acetate (2-ethoxy- may cause injury to the eyes from the following operations: chipping, calking, ethyl acetate)....................... Chlorine.................................. Chlorine trlfluorlde................ 100 1 .1 coarse grinding, riveting, sledging, scal Chlorobenicne (monochioro- ing, light grinding, stone dressing, spot bentene...................... ....... Chloroform (trlchlorometb&ne) 76 100 welding, woodworking, metal-working, 1-Chloro-l-nitropropane,------- babbitting, casting, dipping in hot metal Chloroptcrin........................... Cbloropreoe (2-chloro-l,3-bu- 20 1 baths, handling of acids and caustics, tadlene)............................... electric arc welding, oxyacetylene and oxyhydrogen welding and cutting. Cresol (all isomers)_________ Cyclohexane...................... -- Cyclohcxanol....................... . 266 400 100 360 26 20 2,400 1.2 43 12 16 12 70 1,090 360 10 .2 80 5 7 2,200 740 090 300 15 240 0,000 60 110 160 740 640 3 .4 360 400 100 7 00 23 1,400 410 13824 4 RULES AND REGULATIONS V Cases and \nj*ors--Subst&nce PfntrlltHonpncr parts of tsoiIriubdys Milligram, psrooblo mstsrofslr Oases and vapor*--flubstanc Parte per million ports of air by volume Milligrams per cubic meter of air TOXIC DUSTS, FUMES, AND MISTS--Con. Milligrams per cubic Substance meter of c.ir Magnesium oxide fumeIS Malathlon (O.) -dimethyl dlthlophos- Cydobasoone... ................. . Cydobsseos Cyclopropane.................... . Pccthonuze.......... ................... Dlsntooo alcohol (4-bydroxy- 4-ioctbyl-3-pcotsnoot)_____ IMhoraDc................... ............. ft-Dlehlnrobenrene nichlorodlfluoromcthana____ 1.1-Dlchtorotlhanc.................. 1^-IMchlntoathsac (cthylone dlrhlorldc).......... .......... .... 1.2-Dlchlorotbylen.............. Hlchtoroetbyl etbcr............... . nicbloromonofluoromethsoe.. 1,1-DldiIoro-l-olttoathtiM____ DlehlorotcCrsfUioroethatie____ Diethylsmine................. ........ Dtfluorodihrctnomethane..... llUeobutyl ketuna................... Dlmetbyknlllne (N-dlmsthyl. aniline)_________ ________ Dlmethyteollat*...... ................| Dtoxane (dlethylens dioxide).. Ethyl acetate........................... Ethyl acrylate......................... Ethyl aloobol (ethanol)........... Ethylsmine............................. Ethylbenxene.......................... Ethyl bromide........................ Ethyl chloride......................... Ethyl ether.............................. Ethyl formate......................... Ethylsllleate........................... Ethylene cbknobydrln.......... Ethylenedlamlne----------------Ethylene dlbromlde (1,241- bromoethane)------------------Ethylene Inline-------------------Ethylene oxide-- Tluoitne._______ Fluorotrlehloromethane.......... Formaldehyde.....'------------Pur[nral....... ......................... OasoUne.......... ................. -- Heptane (n-beptane)_........... I lexane (n-bexane) Hcxonone (methyl butyl Ketone)...........-................. . llexone (methyl lsobutyl ketone)...................... llydrextne.... ................. Hydrogen bromide........ Hydrogen chloride......... Hydrogen cyanide........ Hydrogen fluoride_____ Hydrogen peroxide, 20%, Hydrogen eetenlde......... Hydrogen stilflde---------Iodine........................... . Iaopborone___________ Isopropylamine......... . Mesityl oxide................ Methyl aoetate-----Methyl acetylene......... --........ Methylacrylate______ ____ Methyl elcobol (methanol)___ Methyl bromide...................... Methyl celkuolve (2-meth- oxyetbanol)--.................... Methyl cellosolve aoetate (ethylene glyeol mono methyl ether scetate)......... Methyl chloride.--................ MetbyUl (dlmethoxymeth- ana)............ ......................... Methyl chloroform (1,1.1- trichloroethane)_____ _____ Metbylcyelobexane------ ,------MetbyloydohexanoL. Methylcydolheiaoone.. Methyl formate.. Methyl lsobutyl oarblnol 100 400 400 .05 400 1,960 000 .3 50 .1 SO 1,000 100 soo 300 15 1.000 to 1.000 35 too 50 240 .1 300 4.030 400 400 ;un 90 4,200 CO 7,000 75 6u0 290 5 25 ii 5 100 360 400 1,400 25 10ft 1,000 1.900 25 45 200 87ft 200 890 l.ouo 2.600 400 1,200 100 300 100 850 5 16 10 30 25 5 90 .1 1,000 5 5 500 SOO 300 190 V 90 .2 5,600 0 20 2,000 2,000 1,900 100 410 100 1 5 5 1ft 3 1 .03 .20 .1 25 5 25 200 1,000 10 300 20 410 1.3 17 7 11 2 1.4 .2 30 1 140 12 100 610 1,930 33 260 90 25 i * 35 too 1,000 300 soo 100 100 too 210 3,100 2.700 2,000 470 460 250 PercMorethylene (tctrachloroethylene)______ __ _ Phenol.................................... Phenylhydrailne.................... Phosgene (carbonyl chloride).. Phosphine............................... Phosphorus trichloride Propyl aoetate______________ Propel aloobol (Isopropylaloo- Propyi ether (isopropyl ether). Propylene dlchlortds (1,3-dl- chloropropane)___________ Propylene (mine............-- Propylene oxide____ _____-- Pyridine................................ Qulnone------------- --------------etiblne____________________ Stoddard solvent_____ ______ Styrene monomer (pbenyleth- ylene).................. -.............. Sulfur dioxide......................... Sulfur hexafluoride............... Sulfur monochloride.............. . Sulfur pcntaffcorlde................ Tertiary butyl alcohol............ p-Tci tlarjbutyltoluenc........... El ,2,2-Tetracliloroetbenc........ Tetrahydrofurnn..................... IVrranitromethane.................. Toluene (toluol)...................... o-Toluldlne............................. Trichloroethylene.................... Trlethylomlne..................... Trtfluoromonohromometbauc. Turpentine....................... ...... Vinyl dilorldc (chloroeth- ylene)................................... Vinyl tolvere.......................... Xylene (xylol)......... ............ . Xyildlne.................................. 200 3 8 I .03 .5 21)0 400 too 73 26 100 10 .1 .1 300 too 5 1,000 1 .023 )() It) 3 200 I 200 3 200 23 1,000 100 son 100 200 3 1,330 10 22 4 .07 3 340 090 2,100 330 m 240 30 .4 .5 ?;doo 420 13 9.000 0 .25 3UU Ml 33 SOU 9 750 22 1,030 100 8,100 360 1,300 490 o 23 phate of diethyl mercaptosuccl- nate)15 Manganese1 6 Mercury . 1 Mercury (organic compounds)_______ .01 Methoxychlor (2,2-dt-p-methoxy- phenyl-l.l.l-trlchloroethane)IS Molybdenum: soluble compounds 5 Insoluble compounds15 Nicotine . 5 Paratblon (O.O-dlethyl O-p-nltro phenyl thlophosphate)____________ . 1 Pentachloronaphthalene_____________ .8 Pentachlorophenol . 5 Phosphorus (yellow) .1 Phosphorus pentacblorlde 1 Phosphorus pentasulflde_____________ 1 Picric acid . 1 Pyrethrum 2 Rotenone 5 Selenium compounds (as Se)_________ . 1 Sodium hydroxide 2 Sodium fluoroacetate (1080)_________ .1 Strychnine . 15 Sulfuric acid 1 TEDP (tetraethyl dlthlonopyrophos- phate) .2 TEPP (tetraethyl pyrophosphate)____ .05 Tellurium . 1 Tetryl' (2.4,6-trlnltrophenylmethyl- nltramlne)1. 1.5 Thlram (tetramethyl thtnrun di sulfide) 8 TOXIC DUSTS, FUMES, AND MISTS Thallium (soluble compounds)_______ .1 Milligrams per cubic Substance meter of air Atdrln (l,2.3.4.10.10-hcxachloro-1.4,4a. 5,8,8a-hexahydro-l ,4,5,8-dlmethano- naphthalene) 0.25 Animate (ammonium sulfamate)--------16 Antimony .5 ANT0 (alpha naphthyl thiourea)------ .8 Arsenic------------------ -------------------- . 5 Barium . 6 Beryllium2ym3 Cadmium oxide fume . 1 Titanium dioxide___,,15 Trlchloronaphthalene 5 Trinitrotoluene 1.6 Uranium: soluble compounds_________________ .05 Insoluble compounds______________ .25 Vanadium: V.O, duat............................... ........................6 VtO, fume . 1 Warfarin (3-[acetonylbenzyl]-4-hydroxycoumarln)____________________ . 5 Zinc oxide fumes16 Zirconium compounds (as Zr)________ 6 Calcium arsenate_______________ ________ .1 MTOxaAL Dusts Chlordane (1.2,4,6.0,7.8,8-octachloro3a.4,7.7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoln. dane) 2 Chlorinated camphene, 60%---------------- 5 Chlorinated diphenyl oxide..--------- - .5 Chlorodlphenyl (42% chlorine)------ -- 1 Chlorodlphency (64% chlorine)______ .6 Chromic acid and chromates (as CrO,)................................... .............................1 Crag herbicide (sodium 2- (sodium 2- (3',4-dlchlorophenoxy] ethanol hy drogen sulfate)<___________________ 19 Cyanide (as CN) S 2,4-D(2,4-dlchlorophenocyacetic acid). 10 DDT (2,2-bls (p-chlorophenyl)-l.l.l- trichloroethane)1_____ 1 Millions of particles per`cubic meter of ofr Aluminum oxide___________ ______ ___ 60 Asbestos____________________ 5 Dust (nuisance, no free silica)________ 60 Mica (below 6% free silica)__________ 20 Portland cement_____________________ 50 Silica: High (above 60% free 810,)....____ 5 Medium (6 to 60% free 810^)______ 20 Low (below 6% free 810,)__________ 60 Silicon carbide 60 Soapstone (below 6% free SID,)______ 20 Tale...................... 20 (Methyl amyl alcohol)....... . Methyl styrene...................... Methylene chloride (dlchloro- metnane).... ....................... Monometbyl aniline Naphtha (ooel tar)................ Naphtha (petroleum)............ Nickel carbonyl-.................. Nitric add............................... p-NItroanlllne............ -........... Kltrobenrene.......................... Nltroothnne............................. Nitrogen dioxide Nitroglycerin.......................... Nttromethane......................... 2-Nitrocropane--.................. Nltrotoluene...................... ... Octane........... ........................ Ozone...........................-......... JVradichlorobenxenc-----------l'cntane.................................. TVnUnonc (methyl propyl ketone)............. -.................. 35 100 SOO 2 200 SOO .00 5 1 1 100 5 .5 100 SO 6 NO .1 75 1,000 2011 100 480 1,750 9 600 2,000 J 25 0 5 310 V 5 250 18ft 30 2,330 4S0 2,930 790 Dleldrln (l,2,3.4.1040-hexachloro-6,7epoxy-l,4,4a^,S,7,8,8a-octahydro-l,4, 6fl-dlmethanonaphthalene)________ Dlnltroben2ene 1 Dlnltrotoluene_,_______ 1.6 Dlnltro-o-cresol . 2 EPN (O-ethyl O-p-nltrophenyl thlono- benzenephosphonate)_______________ Ferbam (ferric dimethyl dlthlocarba- raate)18 Ferrovanadlum dust 1 Fluoride............................... ........................ Hydroqulnone 2 Iron oxide fume 15 Lead . 2 Lead arsenate . 16 Lindane (hexachlorocyclohexane, gam ma Isomer) .25 .8 2.8 .6 VENTILATION 50-204.288 General ventilation, and temperature requirements, (a) Outside air shall be provided to all workrooms at the rate of 15 cubic feet per minute per person, or one and onehalf air changes per hour, whichever Is greater. In most instances, leakage through walls, doors, and windows will produce at least one and one-half air changes per hour. (b) A minimum air temperature of 60* F. should be maintained at all work rooms where work of a strenuous nature is performed, and a minimum air tem- Wednesday, December 28, 1,,., FEDERAL REGISTER r . 1382.'. perature oI 65* F. should be maintained <g) The capacity of an exhaust system in all other workrooms unless prohibited shall be calculated on the basis of all by process requirements. hoods, booths, and enclosures connected 50--204.289 Loral exhaust ventilation. to the system being open, except where the system is so interlocked that only a (a) Every local exhaust ventilation portion of it can be operated at a given system shall produce and maintain a time, in which case the capacity should movement of air toward the opening, be calculated on the basis that all the sufficient to prevent escape of contami hoods In the group requiring the great nant to the workroom during working est volume rate of exhaust are open. hours, beyond the limits shown in sec fh> Suitable air inlets shall be pro tion 50-204.276. vided for replacement of exhausted air. (b) Air flow through branch and (1) Exhaust systems handling dusts main ducts shall be sufficient to trans and discharging to the outer air shall be port the contaminant through the system provided with suitable air-cleaning de without settling. (c) Piping shall be located so as to be accessible for Inspection and maintenance. (d> Air flow equipment including hoods, pipes, Ians, motors, and collectors shall be eflectlvely grounded. (e) Two or more operations involving vices to remove air contaminants prior to the discharge to the outer air, except under unusual circumstances. (j) The discharge from any exhaust system shall be such that no air contam ination therefrom will enter any window, door, or other opening of any work space in quantities sufficient to create a health hazard $o such space or create a nuisance more than one substance shall not be to surrounding areas. permitted to be connected to the same (k) Collected materials shall be re exhaust system when a combination of moved at Intervals frequent enough to the substances removed may constitute a fire hazard, an explosion hazard, or otherwise dangerous mixture. <1) Those processes or operations Insure that the exhaust system will meet the requirements of section 50-204.288 (a), at all times. Noise using or generating flammable dusts, 50-204.293 Noise. gases, fumes, vapors, mists, fibers or Noise shall be reasonably reduced or other Impurities shall be completely pro eliminated as a means of preventing fa tected from all sources of ignition. tigue or accidents. Personal PROiECTivt Equipment 50--204.298 Personal protective equip ment. Personal protective equipment or pro tective shields or barriers shall be pro vided and maintained in usable condi tion whenever substances,^radiation, or mechanical irritants are encountered in a manner capable of causing Injury or iinpalrment in function of any part of the body through-skin or mucous mem brane absorption. Bituminous Coal and Lignite Mines 50--204.300 Federal Mine Safely Code. The Federal Mine Safety Code for Bi tuminous Coal and Lignite Mines of the United States, Part I--Underground Mines, and Part n--Strip Mines, as pub lished by the Bureau of Mines, United States Department of Interior is hereby adopted by reference as the safety and health standard required for observance in the bituminous coal and lignite min ing to which section 1(e) of the WalshHealey Public Contracts Act has applica tion. Signed at Washington, D.C., this 12th day of December 1960. James P. Mitchell, Secretary of Labor. |FA. Doc. 60-11669; Filed. Deo. 37, 1960; 8:45 a.m.] CU.S, GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1961 O - SWOIO