Document pewG4RRk42zpj90VkZywQBmE6

THESE BURNERS ATOMIZE FUEL Oil BY'ACTION OF STEAM OR AIR `Mb er Utom tvpptf .. ....... ........... ......... .. f$ElB1URNER.S!`AT0M!n/0ll'8NDER;TRE$$URE-B^'M|CHAN(j?AKMEANVv-':S- g"room-atomizing bfitw of axlaraot-mlxlng typ*, aba**, bring* all and atomizing madlam, f*aai/ tegathor at tba buraar rip. RegUtor,' balow, ho* damper van** to regulate the air supplied Q In hrpkel fallen ! Intornol-Hrixlng *tram-atomlilitg bamor, changing Hp alter* fho rang* of capodtlo* 'handled Mdr-ragr SU/nOf OHor far in In this extomet-mfa ell bwraar IV a (raam far hlM fJte'omorgbtg ril at right angle* m Hi* all loaves Ht* bornor; give* tvrbokrtl mixing action 11' Law-pra**ar* air tarvi * * atomising msSWm 1 barnor, meeting oil at and braektng It up. Air zetlon find* relatively v* boaa*o taif h oftm HOW ONE WfDErRANGI.v ;^JT$TEM-prERMES If oU it to be vaporized in the com* bunion apace in tbe instant o! time available, it mutt be broken up into which, If their burning is stopped by any chilling action, form |OOt Depend ing on the nature of the chitting, the two types: (1) internal-mixing or pit-' mixing-oil and steam or sir mix toside tbe body or tip of the burner be- ing design. Oil and steam discharge through separate nozzles at right angles to each other, tbe steam breaking up Wlde-Ronge Deilgrts. Oil-burner man. ufocturers have developed many de signs to extend the usual 1.4 to 1 many small particles to expose os much soot may deposit on heating surfaces fore being sprayed into the furniee;' the oil stream. capacity range of the mechanical- surface os possible' to the heat. This or may be earned out the stack as a Fig. 9, 11, end (2) external*mixi&| - Internal Mixing. Fig, 9 ond 11 give atomizing nozzle. One, for example, atomisation may be effected in three major constituent of smoke. oil emerging from the burner it caught , , example* of the premixing principle, features a plunger that opens addition, basic ways by: (1) using steam or air Pure hydroxylative burning, while by a jet of steam or air. Fig. 8, 10. ,a la Pig. 9, steam and oil meet and mix ol tangential holes in the nozsle as oU under pressure to brcok the oil into free from soot and smoke possibilities, Steam consumption for atomizing well within the burner body. Energy pressure increases. This gives a 4 to 1 droplets (2) forcing oU under pressure yields a less radiative flomc and can runs from 1 to 5% of steam produced,. ' In the steam serves to force the steam- range. Another design, Fig. 13, employs r' through a suitable nozsle, and (3) tear* be produced only in certain types of usually averaging around 2%. Pressure . oil mixture through the nozzle for a movable control rod, which, through ing an off film into drops by centrifugal burners. Thus, as In many engineering required varies from about 75 to 150 atomization. Burner of Fig. II brings a regulating pin, varies the area of force. Ail three methods find use In. matters, we compromise and strive to psl, and steam eon be taken from: oil and air under pressure together ot tangential slots in the sprayer plate and s practical burners. Introduce enough hydroxylation into (I) a low-pressure tine (1) a desuper . the burner tip for mixing before die* the volume of oil passing the orifice. YOrbutonco Niimary. In addition to a predominantly crocking process to heater with a pressure reducer, or (3) breaking the oil Into small particles keep the flame dean and reduce amok, a drum vent, through on orifice and- charge Into the furnace. Still another variable-capadty de MMhanhol Atomizing. Now let's look sign, Fig. 14, delivers oU at high ratu toHtrt 1*7 Am*/ for fost vaporisation, the burner must ing tendencies. Hydroxylation is en regulating valve. Oil pressure need, t another major burner class, mechon- pressure (3S0 pal) at a constant rate, from provide motion between oil droplets and oir, so vapor "coats'* are stripped off os fast os they form and fresh sur* couraged by thorough atomization, suitable preheating of both oU and air, and exposing the mixture to a gradually only be enough (usually 10 to IS psl). to carry oil to the burner tip. External Mixing. In the burner of Fig- : teal atomizers. Fig. 12 to IS. Good stomization results when oil under high Pasture (75 to 200 psl or higher) is but discharges through the nozzle only -the quantity needed to meet steam de mand. The remainder recirculates. oftm SecOn / `v 1 ) QiHMxag* JS font . * faces exposed. This calls for penetra increasing temperature over not too 8, oil reaches the tip through a.central 1 l*i,ohzrged through email orifice, Fig. IS show* a wide-range mechao- tion of the oil particles in the proper short a time. passage, flow being regulated by the often aided by a slotted disk. The disk icol atomizer which, when combined direction end for a high degree of tur Stoam-Aamlxlng Burner*. Let's look crew spindle, right Oil whirls <wt (iva the oil a whirling motion before with either of the pumping systems bulence in the air. Sueh relative motion now ot practical oil-burning equip against a sprayer plate to break up at . * Posses on through o hole drilled la shown in Fig. |6, will give a capacity of oil and air helps to produce more ment. Oldest form is the steam- or right ongles to the stream of steam, r z* aozele, where atomization occurs. range of obout IS to 1, and consider uniform mixture conditions over the air-atomizing burner. Installation is air, coming out behind It The atom* 1 ,Z * IVen no***o opening, stomixa- ably higher if needed. By use of either combustion sone. relatively inexpensive and simple, es izing stream surrounds the oil ebafflv. Uob depends on pressure and, since a constant-differential valve or pump, Hydrocarbons, as we have seen, bum pecially where no attempt is made to her and receives a whirling motion from Pressure and flow ere related, best as shown, difference in pressure be by hydroxylation and by cracking. In control steam and oil supply simultan. vanes in its path. When air l* ** totnization occurs over a fairly narrow tween supply and return Is held con practice, both forms ere present, al though the usual oil-burner flame Is predominantly the latter type. This characteristic short yellow flame has good radiating characteristics and fits usual combustion spaces well. It car* riea, however, solid carbon particles, BA (750) . eously. Steam-atomizing burners, as a class, possess ability to burn almost any fuel oil, of any viscosity, at almost any temperature. Air la teas extensively used as an atomising medium because its operating cost is apt to be high. These burners can be divided into the atomising medium in this It should be ot 10 psi for lighter o and 20 psl for heavier. Combustion enters through a register, below in Pig. 8. Vanes or shuttete we adjustable to give control of ex**** * Fig. 10 shows another extern***01 Oacatfhor IfOjl r*ieof burnercapacities (about 00%). To follow o fluctuating boiler lood, oomber of burners may be installed - tamed 011 or off os steom demand . *riei; or burner tip* with different ^f*11** openings con be applied to o ,u<le burner body. stant This maintains a uniform pres sure drop across the tangential slota in the burner tip end creates a constant atomising force. The valve system is simple to install ond maintain, but the pump system offers advantages in many plants: (l) No hot oil is returned * 0*<*ab*f 1940 (731) 7 Regulation *f outputIrentitle I utHnniig* buraar at rig. IS, whet* atemtitng end whirling *nd 'ilwwi ebtvt, ion come frem*llh*r centtent-dlfferentlal' valve 'or 'o , constant-differential pomp to held, priiwri bitmi supply.and rafvra