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FILE NAME Brakes BRK DATE 1975 July 21 DOC BRK201 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Minutes of Occupational Exposures to Asbestos Dust From NIOSH Brake Meeting GM GEN - 000065 Minutes of Occupational Exposures to Asbestos Dust From Brake Meeting NIOSH dated July 21 1975 a] a J Me bettie tty AnatDs. detct wa. dite ey *~ + DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH EDICATION AND WELFARE CDC NIOSH Minutes of Occupational Exposures to Asbestes Dust From . Brake Linings Meeting ys July 21 1973 Attendees See Attached Proceedings Proceedings Dr. John F. Pinkica Director of NICSHI welcomed the attendees Ie Mount stated that the purposes of the meeting were 1 to consider preliminary data on asbestos exposure chong brake lining workers and 2 to discuss a future course of action based on this preliminary information br Finklea then turned the queting over to Dr. Irving Selikoff of Mount Sinci for presentation of some of his work on this proble~- Dr. Selikoff described the background for our cur soacarn. Tas health effects of asbestos are well known However the health award associated with asbestes in brake linings until recently has received little attention It was thought that the intense heat general Iran braking modified the asbestos and that brake lining Just contained amounts of asbestos fibern ur Maneuro In 19/3 013 diensscirginbieficanat sbestos health effects in the manufacturing of asbentos for brake lining but apparently this cause littic cencern, case of mesothelioma was reported in a brake repair worker In 1973 o pr Sallkoff consulted This stimulated a examination of the problem with . Meyers of WWI W. Cofalo of II and the Ford btor Company and the group at t Sinal initiated a study to dctermine if brake dialog workers were exposed to significant levels of anbuntus Dr. Salikoff introduced Dr. Langer of it Sinai who reviewed the composition of brake linings and the breakdown products thought to occur from heat generated Juring hraking Previoin tulles afd t asbestos fibers in the soms or prevalence as fatical by demonstrate at t Sin the current studies at it Sinai Horever recent studies demonstrated traical chrysotila ashestes fibers along with a wide range of other forms of crystalline and fibrous unturials He emphnated this the composition of brake lining may differ for mile brake linings in the U.S. and Great Britain and products here in the 6.5 may have undergone many changer over the yearn This is particularly important important myket is made up of since recent data shows that 20 of the new car there fanoTtK F^...rther renenreh to nected to charsetarize the Johnstus Johnstus | 011515 : PRODUCED PRODUCED BY FORD E DEFENDANT'S No. EXHIBIT Nnm aers F/ swe tee ow ob atau 6 ee bee _ame a. cee ve ee eae mee arm, SeempangninN es ** ~ * present content of past and present Also that the health offects of been sturtled , dust exposures other materials ; It should be in brake dust recognized love user Dr. Enhl from Mt. Sinai reported on studies of asbestos dust expo- sure automobile repair shops in New York City Penk 5-8 minutes duration were reasured Fiber counts exposures using the fro OSHA method were from compressed air 6 to ml at 3-5 feet from brake drums AC 5-10 foot counts ranged from 2 to cleaned 4 ml at with 19-20 fect 7.4 to 4.3 Drums cleaned with a brush generated less asbentur 1.3-3.6 fibers in the operator breathing tone 90 of the fibers as obeerveld by electron microscopy were lean Airborne Eighty to than 1.4 nicrons in length indicating a much higher exposure to asbestos fibers than indicated by optical sicroscopy operations to renew brake linings were fibers Those bevalling linings had Workers engaged in grinding Ciposed to 2-7 optically visible high exposures ranging fro 32- 72 fibers Dr. George Wright pointed out that earlier studios showed that I to % of brake dust is fibrous asbestos Sinal Dr. Lorimer of it Sinal reported on medical examination of 03 exposure brake repair workers with 17-40 years of exposure A substantial number were reported to have ray and ventilatory function brmalities Further studies need to be duce in this area be ere any conconlusions health effects can be drawn However it was pointed out that at least four canan of mesothelioma have been reported nationally atenc Aut.m mobile repair workers and this lands urgency to the problems Dr, Finkica the problem esked for comments . * ry and recommendations * . for addressing Mr. Moyers suggested that several practical control mansures are feasible now Indeed these measures have bonn instituted In several shops His union alerted its members via its newsletter and cevaloped posters to alert workers to the problem r Mayers emphasized that the employers with whom he worked werd nest coeperative Eplovers were encouraged to use vacuum cleaning of masks to reduce exposure His union Endical evaluation of its acrbars brake drump and where necessary has made arrangements for continual lle emphasized the importance of union representatives having JCCC35 to workplaces for observation of Ww sanitary practions 7 De, Coorge Wright an industrial consultant , emphasized that manu renumentr facturers have a responsibility to ascertain what hapens to their products after being sold to others This problem renrumentr a diffi- difficult problem for the manufacturer and for their Industrial caat mers Dr. Weight stressed belief that the asbestos induntry would sconerate in every ponsible way Dr. Wright was not totally mirprised by the flber counts reported and expressed the belief that one might subsequently | encounter the full spectrum of asbestos disease song grinzers grinzers Dr. Wright expressed concern that conditions might be worsc and 011516 . PRODUBC Y FEORDD 7 . i s \. 1 ms e 8 i * . " consider exposuren higher among smaller businesses Dr. Wright cautioned that the inflmence of fiber size should be considered and that any trapolation to the general population be made with caution He urged that any subsequent investigations utilize the UICC classification and the inclusion of negative controls Dr. Wright cautioned against over- interpreting the occurrence of four mesothelioma cases Mr. Samuels of IUD urged that NIOSH Notify the Department of Labor about this problem o lake minutes of this meeting available to nublic along with a suitable press release Notify other involved unions - Institute an appropriate national sampling program ~- Institute a program of ourveillance and intervention Other unions involved include me United Aute Workers _ . . - Teamsters . we American Federation of Covernment Employces Allied Industrial Workers "of Laborers International = International Association of fachinists awe American Postal Workers Union United Rubber Workera . Analganated Transit Union . Workers T ransport Workers Union of America : om United Transportation Union Ir Sarwels of IUD urged that everyone ensily applicable control munsures Ir Meyern control technology be built upon their asientos be informed of existing mupported any release un safery bulletin , Nr Angolo Cefalo locals and union members of IAT discussed the nod to inform affected in an orderly fashion r Cefalo stated taat 4 011517 PRODUCED BY FORD Po + ~ . : a er $ Oree bk . yea Fe ee eee meee . ae.) nod nt tars & * 7 \ , } i - ot =: . . Pay .i i ~~ the needed research program should be planned and funded lle offered his assistance in obtaining any needed support for this program " Dr. Mancuso of the University of Pittsburgh at the request of the International Association of Machinists comlucted a pilot study of deat records and identified in 1973 a mesothelioma case proven by autopsy of a garage Mechanic and another case of pleural mesotheli In millright who was blowing out asbestos friction clutche with compressed air at a paper company Dr. Mancuso felt the nature of the death records was such that other cases of monothelio may exist but are unrecognized We spoke of the need to use this oprertunity rr develop an effective industrial medical surveillance system Herb Northrop of Ford asked that any problem in perspective - pointing out other asbestos .. alert bulletin place this recognized : exnosures LO John Dement of DFSCI presented preliminary data from a NIOSH study showing neal exposures of up to 5 fibers during brake drum blowing He also showed peak lead levels of approximately 4.5 mg/ Juring blowing operations NIOSH electronmicroscopic studies of brake drum dust also showed ss predominance of small estos fibers with most fibers less than 1 micrometer in length At oa plant rearing lined brake shoes exposures of 20 fibers during grinding grinding and packs of up to 10 fibers during emptying of a drum containing old 14nings were observed . oe . ; Dr. Weaver of API offered to communicate with gasoline stations he supported further studies of the probles and enphasized the aced use appropriate controls of VICC film reading techniques and to Ed Alpaugh of International Harvester urged preparation of a joint control rolcane Paul Toth of Ford offered to help with suggestions of technology and in disseminating information from NIOSH on this matter to appropriate Ford Motor Company dealer relations personnul John Horan of EPA pointed out that disc brakes release more asbestos into the general environment than shoe brakes He stated that the ITA gradient braking expressway roadside study could look at asbestos levels along a avay from the expressway UI Sellkoff pointed out cist itself may be inportant and that roadside studies should consider the effect of braking Dr. Mancuso was asked to comment on the needed health studies llc suppested an epidemiology study of the sortality cenerience of a cuitor extreir of unionized workers and their families Ho canbasized are for extreir extreir care in the experimental He thought mich a study should inoi : for other cancern and sceumational =~ respiratory diseases a well us ashentsg disorders | : , . 011518 PRODUCED BY FORD ar yw ee eee vahigs a Some whe . vos rd , , . oe me 4 oe . we . . \ j f; ie } js { '{ 1 : :- hobo oo w om rd * } ee oe ;| oe .i {| 5 ' { fi : It was emphasized that workers were none to metals plastic dusts body shops solvents and tonic gases like carbon monoide Dr. Mancuso recommended clinical studies in the sac ponulation of workers He especially requested evaluation of called nuisance Justs which he claims may be more harmful tham now realized He sizel need to look at workers who left Inlustry as well as those who arc still .. employed Mr. Toth stressed the need to ascertain the role of tobacco moling in any studies Others agreed with him Nr the undue emphasis on the smoking aspects Mancuso tool exception to to the exclusion of proper recognition of the magnitude of inherent health riska due te cisc chemicals in dusts of the working environment Dr. Selikoff suggested seven areas for urgent study w= Analysis of brake materials utilized since 1940 using literature survey and laboratory analysis EPA ) = Broad based national industrial hygiene assess exposures for various occupational tasks survey to NIOSH Epidemiologic o~ studies of mortality experience of exposed . workers from several sources NIOSH He suggests this receive the highest priority . Further ew Further clinical studies of 1,000 workers including . suitable controls NIOSH we Autopsy survey of lung anbestos burden of in auto maintenance industry NIGSH exposed workers Industrial Joint Joint hygiene measures to better control effort of unions industry and NIOSH . workers oe Education of workers to hazard and to use control DOL HIOSH . ciposure mensuret By. Selikoff suggested that there be no delay in getting this program underway , . : research Dr. Joa Wagoner of NIOSH generally supported the discussed research characterization program He maphasized need for caruful characterization of exposureN to agents other than ushestna and the need to assure that limited limited research funds are used to answer some of our major remaining scientiflg questions about the effects of exmsure to relatively low levels of short asbestos fibers William Best of NCI offered hin Assistance nj asked whether or not a control study might be of some licip . 011519 011519 : PRODUCED BY FORD E 5 td ' ; . Hung Edward Alpaugh Edward J. Baier Otto A. Bessey 1.D William Best M.D. Hector Blejer M.D. , Kenneth Bridbord .. - Jack Butler I.D. . Angelo Cefalo John 11. Dusent _ John F. Finklea M.D. Arthur Langer H.D. Willian Lorimer M.D. Thoman F. Mancuso H.D. Samuel levers John foran Herb Northrop N.D. Arthur Rohl H.D. Sheldon Samuels Irving J. Selikoff Paul E. Toth .. Joseph Wagoner S.D. Hyg Neill Weaver H.D. George W. Wright LD . ATTENDEES Affiliation Affiliation , International Harvester Company KIOSH National NIOSI HIOSH Cancer Institute NIOSH International MIOS Association . of May NIOSH Mt. Sinai Mt. Sinai University Local 239 EPA Ford Noter of Pittsburgh ~AD Company AFL , llt Sinai Ford Motor Company IOSH Ancrican Petroleum Institute lanville wf - o etitonsia tescmnsten . eA F 011520 PRODUCED BY FORD