Document pOjpXLxx9bYkvqaw5aax7YRE
290
CHAPTER 13
1958 Guide
The Technical Advisory Committee on Weather Design Conditions has suggested that wet-bulb design temperature be taken as that wet-bulb temperature which has been equalled or exceeded in 5 percent of the hours during months of the period of record. While not available for this edi tion of The Guide, due to the tremendous task of compiling these data, it is hoped that they will be available for some stations for future editions.
The wind velocity to be used in design should be that wind velocity which accompanies the design temperatures in each instance, but since these data are not available, the average summer wind velocities for the period of record were taken from U. S. Weather Bureau records revised to 1948. It is pointed out that this is not necessarily the velocity which coincides with the design temperatures, but it may serve as a guide to the designer.
Other weather data, such as daily range of temperature, are useful particu larly when making cooling load calculations for an early morning peak on an east exposure. Daily range of temperature is the. difference between the average of the daily maximum dry-bulb temperatures and the average of the daily minimum temperatures. This range is highest in semi-arid or desert regions and at high elevations, and lowest near the oceans or very large lakes. The daily range of temperature (Fahrenheit degrees) in July for the principal areas of the United States can be approximated from the following tabulation:
East Sea Shore............ 12 to 18 East of Mississippi River.......... .............. 19 to 24 Gulf Sea Shore............ 12 to 18 Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains__ 24 to 33 Great Lakes Shore.... 18 to 21 Rocky Mountain Area............... .............. 33 to 42 West Sea Shore........... 15 to 20 West Coastal States....................................20 to 36
Ventilation Rate
The introduction of outdoor air is necessary for the ventilation of condi tioned spaces. Chapter 6 suggests minimum outdoor-air requirements for representative applications; but it is to be emphasized that minimum re quirements are not necessarily adequate requirements for all psychological attitudes and physiological responses. Where maximum economy in space and load are essential, as in submarines or other restricted spaces, as little as 1 cfm of outside air per person has been found to be sufficient provided that satisfactory ventilation is simultaneously obtained by an adequate decontamination of recirculated air.2
Local codes and ordinances frequently specify ventilation requirements for public places and for industrial installations. For operating rooms, minimum requirements for safe practice are given in a National Board of Fire Underwriters' pamphlet.3 This pamphlet does not require 100 percent outdoor air in operating rooms, although 100 percent outdoor air is nor mally used and recommended.
Recommended and minimum ventilation rates for the most common applications are summarized in Table 3. For further general applications, a basis of estimating the cfm per person may be taken as:
1. People not smoking...................................... Recommended 5 Minimum 2. People smoking..............................................40 Recommended 5 Minimum.
The cooling load due to the introduction of outdoor air for ventilation is determined once the indoor and outdoor design conditions are fixed. Cal-culations will be discussed subsequently.
291
Table 2. Summer Climatic Conditions*
Suggested Design Wet-Bulb and Dry-Bulb Temperatures
Col. 1 State
Col. 2. Station1*
Col. 3
Eleva tion'
Ft
Col. 4
Pebiod RBCOBDd
Col. 5
Col. 6
Col. 7
Highest
. Temp.
Eveb RiOOBDEDd
Design
Dby-Bulb
Temp, ok
T.A.C. 2i%
Design
Dby-Bulb Temp, in Common
Basis*
Use^
F F
Col. 8 Design Wet-Bulb Temp, in
Common UsEr
Col. 9
Average Summer
Wind Velocity
CF Mph
Calif..
Colo.. Conn... D. C...
Fla.....
Ca..
Idaho..
Anninston........... CO Birmingham____ CO
Birmingham____ AP Mobile....................CO
Mobile....................AP Montgomery____ CO Montgomery.... AP
Flagstaff................CO
Kingman.............. AP Phoenix................. CO
Phoenix................. AP
Tucson...................AP Winslow.................CO Winslow................ AP
Yuma..................... CO
Fort Smith..........CO Fort Smith..........AP Little Rock......... CO
Little Rock......... AP Bakersfield.......... AP Burbank............... AP Daggett................. AP
Eureka................... CO Fresno.................... CO Fresno.................... AP
Los Angeles.........CO Oakland...............AP Red Bluff.............CO
Red Bluff.............AP Redding...............AP
Sacramento........ CO Sacramento........ A P San Diego............ CO San Diego............AP San Francisco...CO San Jose...............CO Williams................AP Denver................. CO Denver.................. AP Durango............... CO Grand Junction.CO
Pueblo................. CO Pueblo................... AP
Hartford............... CO Hartford............... AP
New Haven........ CO
New Haven........ AP
Washington......... CO Washington......... AP Apalachioola___ CO
Jacksonville.... CO
Jacksonville AP
S'yWeat........... ,'co
Key West............. AP
Miami
pft
Miami.. !! ! AP
Pensacola............. CO
f'ensaoola
AP
Tampa............ .^CO
.............. AP
tltusville...
ip
Atlanta.
Augusta.;co
iS*........$p
Savannah.............CO
Savannah
ap
Boise.. Boise .................... Y
Burley.
Idaho Fall,
tematon___ Pocatello.. Pocatello.
AP
co CO VS
te:::: -g
733
711 615
143. 219 293
226 6957
3473 1122 1112
2561 4853 4899
146
545 463
451 282
499 740
1925 132 387 281 534 21
305e 346 579
12126
90
34 164
100 124
5398 5379
6558 4587*
4770 4810 229
20
180 17
128
20 23 104
29
23 48 253
13 67 113 111
12 52
1020 195
424 408 432
115
56 2818
2849 4150 4744
763 4522
4467
319 601
615 594
1895-1947 1893-1945 1939-1947 1872-1947 1940-1947 1872-1947. 1938-1944d
1899-1947 1935^1939 1895-1947 1933-1947 > 1935-1939 Up to 1946 1937-1947 1875-1946 1882-1945 1945-1947 1879-1942d
1942-1947 1937-1946, 1931--1947d
.1935-1939 1886-1947 1887-1939 1939-1947 1877-1947 1929-1947 1877-1934 1944-1947 1935-1939 1877-1947 1938-1947 1871-1940 1939-1947 1875-1947 Up to 1946 1935-1939 1871-1947 1934-1947 Up to 1946 Up to 1946 1889-1938 1939-1947, 1905-1940d
1940-1947 1872-1947 1943-1947 1871-1947 1935-1939 1922-1947 1871-1947 1938-1947 1871-1947 1939-1947 1896-1947 1940-1947 1879-1947 1943-1947 1890-1940 1941-1946d
1935-1939 1935-1939 1871-1946 1939-1947 1899-1947 1939-1947 1871-1945d
1939-1947 1864-1939 1939-1947 1935-1939 1935-1939 1900-1944d
1899-1947 1938-1947 1872-1947 Up to 1946 1935-1939 1932-1947
105 107
103 103 104
107 103
93 107
118 117 112
107 103
120 113 107
110 107 113 111
113 85
115 111
109 . 102
115 112 112 114
108 110
106 101
106 116
105 104
99 105 104
104
101 98 101 94
106
106 102 104
105 100 95
96 100 103
105 98
98 98
102 106
105 105
102 105
105 112
109 104
100 117
105 103
106 105 107
106
.
94 92
99- 107 102 .95
97104 94 104 i03 SO. ioi.
79: i0393
'951 88 8492
94
89
90. 93
93 95 94 88
92
92 94
95 95
95
95 90 io5 ios 100 iio 95
95
ios
90 105 90 85 100
ioo
85 85 91
95 95 95 95
93 95
95
95 95
98 gi
95
95
95 ' 98
95
95
95
95 95
98 95
96
78 78
80
78
65
76 72 70
78 ' 76-
78
70
65 74
70 65 70
72
68
65 70
64
65 65 65
75
75
78
80 78
78
79
78
78
76 76
78
78
65
5.4 8.0
6.0
6.1 6.2
7.9 5.8
7.9 10.7 6.9 6.3
7.4 5.9 8.4 8.7 7.4 7.9
8.0 5.8
65 65
78 75 9.5
76