Document pOBoog06B1wqagnOV2NR1g8D

3.^ 4 fJrCef-* KEtSOTAISD OB EKLA.yGEMH'iT OF FACILITIES OF JiHE ' KglirTIBO LAbQiATOFX OP APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY XH ' HE COLLEGE OF ME&XCXftE. UfflVElflTI OF CISCiaKATI .he In crease in the s iz e and f a c i l i t i e s of the K etterin g Laboratory# contem plated and planned in accordance w ith a previous memorandum H9b^), su b m itted to v a rio u s sp o n so rs o f th e a c t i v i t i e s of the L ab o rato ry , and acted upon fav o rab ly in I-A5 by E thyl C orporation and a number o f o th e r in d u s tr ia l groups (see a tta c h ment. , has now been v is u a lis e d in term s o f th e a r c h i t e c t s p la n s and s p e c iiic a tic n s f ince the i n i t i a l d is c u s s io n s , the s itu a tio n with resp ect to the co st of co n stru ctin g the ad d itio n to the L ab o iato ry , as v e il as the co st of pur-chasing and in s ta llin g equipm ent, has undergone changes which, w hile fam iliar- to in d u s tr ia l m anagem ent, a r e so s i g n i f i c a n t a s to n e c e s s i t a t e th e re--ex a m in a tio n o f th e e n t i r e p r o j e c t , The p u rp o se o f t h i s memorandum i s to review th e f a c t s , so f a r a s th ey a r e now a v a i l a b l e , a s a means o f p roviding the in fo rm atio n on which the ad v ice of sponsors o f the L aboratory can bo obtained* I t i s n ecessary to d ecid e w hether the program as o rig in a lly contem plated, should be and can be c a rrie d o u t, w hether i t should be m odified, or w hether a l l plans should be held in abeyance a t th is tim e. ' I . th e plans and s p e c ific a tio n s of the a rc h ite c t Involve the c o n stru c tio n of an a d d itio n to the la b o ra to ry th a t w ill double (approxim ately; i t s flo o r space* T his space is not designed to d u p lic a te the p resen t f a c i l i t i e s of the L aboratory, but ra th e r to 2* augm ent them i n a c c o rd a n c e w ith th e need d e m o n stra te d by th e experience of the p ast se v e ra l -ears as v e il as those fo reseen in term s of p resen t developments in th is f ie ld o f in v e s tig a tio n . For exam ple, one of th e most se rio u s IIm ita tio n s to b o th volume and p r e c is io n in su ch e x p e rim e n ta l work h a s been found to toe th e s i z e and d e s ig n o f a n im al q u a r t e r s - One e n t i r e f l o o r o f th e new a d d i tio n , to g eth er w ith c e rta in f a c i l i t i e s s itu a te d upon the ro o f,h a s toeen a l l o c a t e d to th e p u rp o s e , and th e arran g em en t o f t h i s sp a ce h a s been planned upon th e background o f o u r y e a rs of e x p e rie n c e . Every f a c i l i t y o f th e sp ace h as toeen l a i d o u t i n l i n e v i t h maximum e f f i c i e n c y , economy and a d a p t a b i l i t y , so f a r a s o u r b e s t judgm ent v i l l p e r m it. An a d d i t i o n a l f o u r th o f th e new sp a c e i s tak en by th e c lin ic a l and experim ental f a c i l i t i e s req u ired fo r the study of human s u b je c ts and p a t i e n t s , th e need f o r w hich i s a c u te * a s shown 'ey o u r p re v io u s e x p e rie n c e - Much needed in fo rm a tio n in c o n n e c tio n w ith b a s ic problem s o f human p h y sio lo g y i s u n o b ta in a b le a t p re s e n t because o f th e la c k o f th e s e f a c i l i t i e s . One o th e r h ig h ly s i g n i f ic a n t phase o f our work i s in u rg en t need of e x te n siv e ex p an sio n , nam ely, exam ination in to the e ffe c ts o f prolonged occupational expo su re to low c o n c e n tra tio n s o f d u s ts , fum es, vapors and g a s e s , The f i r s t ste p in th is work i s the c a r e f u l study of ex p erim en tal anim als o v er lo n g p e rio d s o f tim e , T h is in v o lv e s th e use o f much sp ace and e la b o r a te eq u ip m en t. We have p lanned to d o u b le and a l s o to Improve th e d esig n of our f a c i l i t i e s f o r th is pu rp o se, thereby ta k in g up a n o th e r f o u rth o r f i f t h o f the a d d itio n a l a p a ce . The rem aining space of the ad d itio n is intended fo r o f fic e s , c e rta in c e n tra liz e d receiv in g and sto rag e f a c i l i t i e s , an enlarged lib ra ry and conference room,and one le c tu r e room. 3* A l l b u t a v ery s m a ll p o r tio n o f th e new sp a c e w i l l be o ccu p ied a s soon as I t can be made a v a ila b le , fo p th e conduct o f work which I s now I n p ro g re s s o r b e in g h e ld i n abeyance f o r la c k o f f a c i l i t i e s . filere I s , th e re fo re , nothing v isio n ary In the program and nothing i n way o f lu x u rio u s accom m odations i s co n tem p lated * I t m ight be thought th at the use o f a ir-c o n d itio n in g to the ex ten t contem plated i s somewhat ex tra v ag an t were I t n o t f o r th e f a c t th a t th e c o n tro l of environm ental tem perature is a s t r i c t n ecessity in connection w ith ., \ many ty p e s o f an im al e x p e rim e n ta tio n - Under th e s e c irc u m sta n c e s th e a d d itio n a l expenditures required to assure reasonable comfort fo r a larg e proportion of the s ta f f of the Laboratory is not g re a t. > I I . Ih e c o s t o f Lhia a d d itio n to th e b u ild in g and of c e r ta in item s of fix e d equipment o r ig in a lly contem plated was estim ated a t ` about y2j<j,o ij,l>j of w hich was to be a llo c a te d to equip m ent. inee th ese estim ates were made, b u ild in g c o sts have in creased p h en o m en ally , and even now seem n o t to have become so s t a b i l i z e d th a t &f ir m b id can b e o b ta in e d . H ow ever, the a r c h i t e c t has rece iv ed a p ro p o sal from th e F e rro c o n c re te C o n stru c tio n Company, r e lia b le and conservative lo c a l b u ild e rs , to build the b u ild in g fo r a fix ed fee of 2u,uj.i.^u, the estim ated but unguaranteed co st to be including the fix ed fe e . This does not include e l e c t r i c a l work c lo s e ly e s tim a te d a t *39 *JiJ pa i r - c o n d i t i o n i n g ,Oj U.Ob , h e a tin g and v e n t i l a t i n g u , u u u . l/u , plum bing j .-j j , two e l e v a t o r s and dumb w a ite r s lior does i t include engineers'and a rc h ite c ts* f e e s , e x te rio r g rad in g , p la n tin g , sodding and a contem plated improvement o f roadway and parking sp ace. M oreover no allow ance h as been made f o r equipm ent which ve in te n d to p ro c u re o u rs e lv e s a t an e s tim a te d c o s t o f *40, u u u . j u to ^5U,u j j .0 u . 4. D o u b tle ss, o p p o rtu n itie s v l l l be found to economize on c e rta in m a tte r . I have found* f o r example* t h a t we can c u t from the co st of elev ato rs* by sim ple changes (in speed of carriage,! th a t w ill n o t discommode u s . I t w ill be p o s s ib le to fo reg o the ex p en d itu res o u tsid e th e b u ild in g * and to reduce the amount o f f ix e d equipm ent to t h a t a b s o lu te ly e s s e n t i a l a t o n c e . By such means ve can keep w ith in b u t I t seems h ig h ly impro b a b le th a t ve can do much b e t t e r th an t h i s . III. A d e c isio n as to w hether o r n o t to go ahead must be made w ith re a s o n a b le p rom ptness. U n fo rtu n a te ly th is i s n o t a s sim ple as i t might ap p ear, end th erefo re the f a c to r s , o th er than th o se o f en th u siasm and good v i l l ,n e e d to be w eighed, n o t so much by r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f th e U n iv e r s ity o f C in c in n a ti a s by th e i n d u s t r i a l o r g a n is a tio n s who have approved th e p r o je c t i n l t 3 e a r l i e r form . The im p o rtan t f a c t o r s , a s ve see them , a r e , (1; the oppor t u n i t i e s w hich now p r e s e n t th em selv es now, f o r e n l i s t i n g th e in te re s t and fin a n c ia l support of o th e r in d u s tria l groups in the c u r r e n t work o f th e L a b o ra to ry ; and th e q u e s tio n o f how lo n g such o p p o rtu n itie s w ill continue to e x is t; (2) th e probable d u ratio n o f the p re s e n t p e rio d o f h ig h b u ild in g c o s t s . Our judgm ent on th e f i r s t o f th e s e f a c t o r s , in term s of- r e c e n t e v e n ts , may be o f u s e . On th e se c o n d , we h ave no o p in io n and need a d v ic e . S in c e th e su b m issio n o f our f i r s t memorandum on t h i s s u b je c t in li/44 se v e ra l things have occurred to dem onstrate the trends in i n d u s t r i a l p la n n in g in t h i s f i e l d . One group o f I n d u s t r i a l o rg a n i z a tio n s (Aluminum Company o f A m eric a, P e n n sy lv a n ia f a i t M an u factu rin g Company, L. I . du Pont de Kemours and Company, I ey n o ld s Aluminum 5* Company, and p ro b ab ly two o th e r s ; have d ecid ed to p o o l t h e i r con trib u tio n s to a fund fo r a fiv e -y e a r (or more) program of in v e s ti gation of flu o rid e s in re la tio n to public and in d u s tria l health# th e c o s t o f v b ie h h a s been e s tim a te d a t 4 15, 000. ua p e r y ea r* We have been asked to c o n s id e r , (we s h a l l p ro b a b ly d e c lin e j a compre h en siv e in v e s tig a tio n o f aluminum therapy in s i l i c o s i s , th e c o s t o f which would approxim ate 4 2 o,0u0.)0 p e r y e a r, th r e e la rg e companies in the chem ical f i e l d , not form erly asso ciated w ith u s, have asked us to sake p lan s to c a rry ou t th e m ajor to x ic o lo g ic in v e s tig a tio n s which w ill be req u ired in connection w ith th e ir re se a rc h and developm ent work- t h r e e o th e r la r g e p ro d u c e rs o f c h e m ic a ls , who have sponsored work r e g u la r ly f o r some y e a r s , w ish to expand t h e i r experim ental programs in our hands by p i to I j j p ercen t over th a t of previous y e a rs . Other groups have brought problems of v a ria b le scop and im p o rta n ce, th e r e s u l t b ein g th a t ve have a w a itin g l i s t th a t is form idable, d esp ite our having pointed out th at ve cannot even co n sid er the problem s in q u estio n f o r s ix months o r m ore. " h e re has n e v e r been a n y th in g l i k e th e p re s e n t demand f o r th is type c f work, and although ve cannot think of in v e stig a tin g a la rg e p ro p o rtio n of the problems th a t a r i s e , i t i s a se rio u s q u estio n to w h eth er we sh o u ld be unduly lo n g i n m aking an a p p r o p r ia te re sp o n se to th is demand. O bviously, la rg e co rp o ratio n s w ill c re a te th e ir own f a c i l i t i e s o f t h i s ty p e i f they can n o t o b ta in th e s e r v ic e th e y r e q u ir e e ls e w h e re . T h is in my o p in io n , would be bad f o r u s , f o r them , and for* th e p ro p e r developm ent o f this p r o f e s s io n a l and s c i e n t i f i c f i e l d , f o r th e re i s l i t t l e doubt th a t such work gene-rally can be done b e tte r and cheaper in a m edical c e n ter such as th is , end th a t when so done i t w i l l have more value to everyone concerned. M oreover, the d u p licatio n of such f a c i l i t i e s in in d u s tria l establishm ents is uneconcoic and a ls o w astefu l of s c ie n tif ic p erso n n el, e sp e c ia lly th a t train ed in m edical and p h y sio lo g ical work* From th e view point of E th y l C o rp o ratio n and o th e r sponsors o f our work up to th is tim e , i t would ap p e ar th a t som ething m ight w e ll h e g ained by an in v estm en t now w hich would ta k e ad v an tag e o f the p re se n t in te r e s t o f o th e r in d u s tr ia l o rg a n iz a tio n s in work of t h i s ty p e . I t may w e ll he t h a t some p la n could and sh o u ld be worked o u t whereby p rese n t expenditures f o r b u ild in g and equipm ent could be sh ared by a l l subsequent sp o n so rs o f th e work, in th e form of an overhead charge made a g a in s t a l l p r o je c ts , o th e r than those conducted on b eh alf of the c o n trib u to rs to the f i r s t and th e pre sen t b u ild in g fund* In any case i t i s ap p aren t th a t th o se whose o rig in a l co n trib u tio n s were responsible fo r the crea tio n of th is L ab o rato ry , and whose f u r th e r c o n trib u tio n w ill have enlarged i t , w ill be e n title d to every co n sid eratio n , in keeping w ith th e ir larg er share in the burden* U nquestionably ve s h a ll have to se t lim its upon the scope and c h a ra c te r o f cu r in v e s tig a tio n s , those having the g re a te s t h ygienic s ig n ific a n c e , and those adequatelyfinanced so th a t they can be thoroughly pursued, w ill have f i r s t claim upon our in te r e s t. No u n i v e r s i t y w orthy o f I t s name can be e x p e c te d to a l l y i t s e l f w ith o r merge i t s in te r e s ts w ith those of an in d u stry o r group of in d u s trie s . Jicr do I , as the re p re s e n ta tiv e o f the U n iv ersity of C in c in n a ti, w ish to make a p le a f o r s p e c ia l c o n s id e ra tio n f o r m y self and my a s s o c i a t e s o r f o r th e U n iv e r s it y . I b e lie v e th a t th is re la tio n s h ip between in d u stry and th is U niversity I s a m utually b e n e fic ia l one end I cannot 3ee any manner in which i t can be 7 m aintained except by the understanding cooperation of b o th . In the long run no in d u stry can ju s tif y expenditures fo r th is o r any o th er purpose unless they a re p ro d u ctiv e. T h erefo re, th is lab o ra tory must solve th e problems i t d e a ls v ith in an e ffe c tiv e manner, and must aid in p u ttin g the solutions In to e f f e c t, i f the s ta f f must en ter the market place to do so . This must a l l be done a t a co st v ith in the lim its vhich a prudent in d u s tria l organization can a ffo rd . We b e l ie v e t h i s h a s been acco m p lish ed i n th e p a s t , and t h a t i t can be accom plished even more e ffe c tiv e ly in the fu tu re v ith the ad d i tio n a l f a c i l i t i e s . The p re se n t q u e s tio n , a s ve see i t , is v h eth er the cost of nev X 'a c ilitie s, as nov estim ated, is ex o rb itan t, not in a b so lu te team s, but in r e la tio n to p rese n t and a n tic ip a te d re tu rn s . The p ro portion of the to ta l co n trib u tio n th at should be made by in d iv id u a l i n d u s t r i a l o rg a n iz a tio n s vould seem to r e q u ir e re c o n sId e ra lio n a t th is tim e, in view of re c e n t developm ents, and advice v i l l be sought on th is p o in t. At p re se n t, however, the prim ary q u e stio n i s th a t o f th e viadorn of going ahead a t once. S ig n e d : ro b a r t A. A ehoe, if. & October 19^6 0014428