Document pJonqGMR1B0K73bxjXMG00B6

442 Tu'Cnty-seiond Congress--Naliaitaf Safety Council BaMd upon the official record *4 the I^tctfUit Commerce Comratsskm. covering all raOreads oi the United States, 1912 as compared vith 1913 shows a decrease in the number oi employee deaths from 3J1S to 557, and a decrease m injuries from 171.4(7 to 17.4On a man-boor basis, this represents a reduction of 715 per cent ta deaths and 81-A per cent m injuries. This means that in 1913 there tns one death for every 498 employees, whereas m 1932 there was ne death per 1.829 employees. The injur? rate ana reduced fnm one injury per 11 employees to one injury for CO employees. Had organized safety not heen inaugurated upon the railroad* of this comury and the record of 1913 continued, there would hare been daring the succeeding 19 years up to and including 1932. 29.277 more employees kilkO and 868.102 mote employees injured than actually occurred daring this period. Although railway accidents have hrcti sdetantullf reduced, ere must not be un- nttndfal of Che fact that this record is in the past and future adderemeots mtt he measured the recced nf today. We are still having accidental deaths and irtjarir* to coidmrtn m smh vdomc and through sod* inexcusable causes that they stand as a further challenge to luluay management. They not only warrant our increased efforts, hut a greater concentration of soch efforts m the application of the wed known specific remedies that wiR ant to ultimately result in the complete dWHim oi preventable accidents. The Safety Section of the American KaOway Association was organized m 1921 ft* the purpose of coordinating the efforts of the individual railmaib in the prosecu tion of various activities in conaectiro with the prevention of accidents of all Voids reselling from railroad operations. It t imperative that we carry m this work and it most be pursued with greater ml than ever before. A* an aid to this plan, we must have a goal pMcbe tins ffctie and the iadmdaaf carriers to use every legitimate effort to continue the descendant nth It is necessary that t have a goal. H matters tact what on mcaiim in life may be. A non, to he successful, must have a definite objective. When that is readied, he must change las objective, making tut goal tnereasaugly difficult to attain. Our perspective in life donee* as octr ideals change and ow ideals are cwnroUcd largely through a process of crsnpariscm. Therefore, onr plans for the future most cmncmpUle a new coal--one that will reflect the spirit of the Safety Section, the spirit of the Individual character and the spirit of the American Railway Asscafctthm a spirit of tndoaataMe courage and the will to da We qmst vtsaaKzc the more than 18JTO railway employees who were the victim* of 1932 and resolve muo norselves dot in so far as it is within onr ctolrol tech needless sacrifice shall not continue. How to Bstablish and Maintain Safety in the Shops By T. W. DBMARBST General. Superintendent of Motor Power. Pennsylvania Railroad. Chicago The speaker said in port: The development of safety in a shop is wrapped around three najor factors which have already produced tack of safely: (1) conditions: (21 practices: and (31 the human equation. It is certain that if die ceodithuts in a shop are soch as to produce lack of safety, no rational correction oi tractkes can hr cunsistcml? made. The workman is always Safety Section .-f A*.-|--Stcom fCiiilraati Section .V.Yi* 44.1 in a politico to point vnsl that the management is nut consistent in endeavoring i> correct practices when ihry themselves k not c/lalriisb safe wtwkmg conditions. I would first then clean up the shop, maintain a clean sho$. not only from the view point of appearance but from the nmluioi also of (he dMfilutMa oi materials. 1 ooid endeavor to create a desire fnr cleanliness in tlw minds of the vorknm A dirty shop makes a dirty man. a dirty nan canaui respect himself, and the comtrination will produce very poor results nt any safely mnvemmt. I would correct as far as practicable all unsafe ovidilir*** m the shop in order that the management shall be hi a pusiikci to apinodi tftc men and obtain safe practices from them, 1 would then begin the twnttiai of unsafe practice*. selectmg the most glaring ones lor correcttoo first, and in such comxiion would mm thoroughly explain n>n only to the man involved hut all 4 the employees in such dciartmmts, the reason why the practice is unsafe and the effect of producing an accident, (hr results to the man inmlrcd and also perhaps to Iris family. If yuo arc acquainted with the more personal conditions of a man's life. yuQ can use iha kvwnricdgc very effectively m getting his attcroboi when talking about safety work. Refer to bis family, to his children, and in tills friendly tray rod will le aide to interest him Iq what yon have to say about safety. Talks of (bit nature can he given by the department foreman r his gang fiwcmsn to hit moi at regular intervals. In the meanwhile, the education of the master mechanic, the general foreman, department foremen and gang ftwemen should also be progressing. The questkm of education is never completed. Talks are much more effective than papers or letters rw instruction. Too little altouiuo has leeti paw! to the mental process of new men being em ployed for service. We arc very cmrfoJ at to their physical candhifav their educa tion, and their skill and ability to perform the service for which they were being hired. IVe htir in the past, hcmvitr, jaki no attention to their mental treads, tn develop whether or not from a safely viewjsriat tlwj- would make a good employee. Such tests should be cstablidad as a requirement and tn add!tine to the physical examutation. Safety to he effective must be automatic and suhcnnscioat in the tndividtaL If it is necessary for him to stop end think before performing any operation, whether he is donq? it safely or imL he is more apt to make an unsafe employee than a safe one. Its initial establishment must begin as a youngster at home, and this fas caused me to believe that where there arc latEiV societies <( any kind on a iwaroad, that a part of their wnrk at regtdar meetings nr calls should be the safety education of the mothers from the home viewpoint. It is certain also that safety studies in onr schools would be more useful than some of the work now being taken. Then safety rules: their development and application are apparently necessary in the inauguration and advancement of * safety movement. They are the texts from wWrft instruction is given. They are effective, however, only in so far as thrir practice becomes subconscious <m the |art of the man. I a of the opinion tint the explanation of a safety rule *hr.uM be reinforced by practical H)nitrations. Hen transferred front cue department to another, with little knowledge of steeh departments work, hare difficulty in craqilnir the rotes as the terms toed are not familiar. We find the same shcation in our laborers, many of whom are of foreign extracts*! and wlwi do nut hare a gnod knowledge of the English language.