Document pBX7EbGvO0zYgZQRJBEZ8LmDE

FILE NAME: Metropolitan Life (ML) DATE: 0000 DOC#: ML014 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Met Life Documents Part 5 OT1* Ilrob I , U t l v 60BJXCTI .asar CU m lc, tttb a r, Oblaba. Ib * h s k tt C lla io 1 trrlad n u r M p crttin atarpris b*vMi th > tra?*llt*a( ib tfaitad St*tM I v m ii f Urnaa, o4 th* sla la c ooapfaiaa. 1 th* la tr ia t. Tba batropallbaa aatrlbataa |C #000 y ^ r, Iba P.S.ffcrae af Xiaoa M030 a y u r , uad tM alaa apar.tora tlfhQO y**<r. Pmw1 aaat n it i tur b M i> U m < la ta a M m tba KatropallUa and U G m iu n t a l uh la d la llb a l.'tla la c aspas? al %ba (k iin u n w The or ig i nal pas u k m it M t t a H t e t t m y w i f t w Ytkmiy U N . S< tefr a f tba li is w aaaia a f fir. la rlv a tb a r, Iari a4 a- O k i } S m ir t u t pfcffl> M j a aM lal ffls s r la baria f ha U k o n tiry , a H y O iM r t , < il a la r t e aacy Ib U g l a a ip la iba H a trlo t iirtrito M t * a p cr'sap tt* M H U baala. 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Of aavraa taa a a ril farva f tea liv v raaaa l ata tea A t a f a llt a la taa ia U iif O atar Xl fmrt taatl* ta r a a l a i l t e t U tea aaa aatetei la te la C la trU t ra AaarteaM , taava M a f H t e a l p a i ai aa i f w i i te taat f te rte te ta r Ja aa n t a a llif a lte lw < w ia i payv litla a avia* la aatear O a la r afeite X ta lla a a a l l O a tlita ta taa M artac a f aaaa varta atete ife ta ttM 'te a ! aifet taaa a feaaatec aa taa a iw l IM irttw i a f feaallh teaaraaaa* 1*"5_ v*V* fV-i IVt * ( U M lMfUi 1* IfrtN t tlM BMT % 4 UM 1M tt t ka i t i IO * m N f t a tfc A k U 1 to ri la fila Kr ltr i i(h * r l i n p rt f t f i k 7 tf UCT Z i i m tfctr ianf tm l i 1 w fy if iU n n U f M n i|r * M B lt i M i l f 7 9014 N ta a * 4 t t # l t M k x n ad I fedi a i 1% # 1* 7 . U m l f n n ara ugr alata u ) r a*t L*%r r tb art afciali f a i a*14 I t t i ta haa farther U fa rtc U H , la i a lava 1 - * M *;*, / .i -y* r* *.* 9 V.- <- ^ ^ j. .* E <t?ta s i ^ < J I - 5 r>V. V M Ir. IkUii * tear M il MOT* fiatata** rafaaat X aa talalai a a* f ita laaalfltaftlta ta MltoaaU. fida I n aat t a l afflaftaUy 0 4 .* l ita oft X tatua* tata hat ta ll taf to tat a** aa '.i dhaltaaa ta ta* toadtaaa a U laata t ta ha A. f . I . A. 11 praaaat it at ta N t atta te taratana a tta Md part ta ita ta d tlM aa ODteataa tata t aaa ttoa patatai a l i te atti ta apparata ta ta fatti Sanit tarala ai ta te A. P. 1. A. tap* taa tata to tarara ai X tota aat ta l a taaaaa ta aaa ia. te, la tto tin tato alaaatflaatlga la aat far ir m i patada ttoa* A. f tonar l.t. Aaalataat laA laal filraater S t.J o s e p h Lead Co m pany. -- C U M * * * W.C*AWC.* wtiiMcountw v . t w a * ANOMW FlSTC*C *A*AA*a. CmIHRIU CH^lK.^ S<|M| I v CTCM.V'CI cl M MCOOWN. MClilHBl * o c * t U M K ( n . M i t c r c t *** CCOAOC t OA'OOCM AMT Tast 250 PARK AVENUE N e w Yo r k / TfLtRlCMlt IkOOSAOO 1 IfOC caci m u t Ju ly to, 1934. DArs*siAs.taJn*t Llieadnizoaa, l D^ir/ector, IOtneetrUopadollaiocnanA.vliefnausI,nBauewranYeorkC, oBm.paYn.y, Dear Dr. L&azat < Uinpotenreaysterdetutorn fitnodByeouYr olrektttehris oafoJrunninee2, 7I, w19a3s4v. ery Awtoseeeyakosguwrkeinathotwho, euUlrprB. tooDnnrueinstkeierfrrahiseOheraxgdpaenacitsioanotgpioyntoo, fasnypdeonudirt ptwwrooould wptooeslgelod afsoovrwerithtohfe soeielnrl totaiorlens i sporfoctotlhaleesasliowf iocitaahlt iodouonro,tloeargas awhl ehos et amxpfayfe,oataaids us in our defense* aIinsdqmutaihdteee,reathfpoeprrmee,caittathetrer.ttshyhoaouut lmdbeaytfooenreocot annbsyeidpienruebdalipcasoascniotaionoufnnidcteeoanetniat l, wsfoeonrudldsuuchshavcouepseynooaosf bhtjneeecnticaoylna sctsooinfsiaicdeanetdriloienq:,usaatbmultee.ytoouUprr.obDarbinlyker Tery tru l; yours. CAKo:pUy!U r. i rin k er -* Vice Presi cent a Treasurer TRIP TO JTNTKE/.L, AT TOT, TV:T*??X LT:IT, :ulelc Oct-ber 16-OcVtcr Zl, 19U. PURPOSE ThetfordTotienxepslo: re tbe re n c a s for the high tuberculosl* i-rtality ret* in the estaTbollcsohnrfeenr twoitfhanthe'n d'pue-rtartioarl*h-e>afltthhe calisnbiecstoies sTihneetsfrrfda VTnineetfs^; rd c.-nccrr.'.ng Hr. Te**Tnoelvti"s istavGroulovoiu-litcryieblohldyegrieenein sVur'v-netyieoalf vAlstbbesMt?r*. **1*1r1ry* eirn.dAhsrb,esrtoe*smseold, Thetford. PIC.VTHCi.VT DIVLLyVLNTf AXD OF-SIRTATTOST * tuberculosis end esbestrfls 1 Provincial Health Bepartaeat to provide us with ege-sneclfle sertality rates for tuberculosis by sex for pest eight years in Thetford, Asbestos and six eoanarable counuiities la addition to Toainion ad 'Provincial rat* 2. Sr. buraett* to secure dat* for us on health services, character of population and living conditions ie th coseuoitiss for which orUlity d*ta is being secured. 3 Local ehysleiaas ad aua* t Thetford Vines hospital believe asbestos dest contributes to tuberculosis A Thetford hosrital, built la 1930, bs 190 bed*-- 75 devoted to tubercu losis. Excellent, aodtm surglcsl equlreent end basal set*boll** apparatus. T-ray saehlne 100 silllaaperas aad 20 yars 'Id. Mo 1X0 About *0 tuberculosis patients in the hospital, about 90 percaat sale 5* Thetford baa f15,000 health budget County pays 10 percent, Provincial gsverucent pays the rest One full-tie# health officer, fir. Blais, and five parttime aursas are eaplcyed Pollo-ur on tuberculosis is poor The nurse* lack adequate training. Br Poley, the Provincial Epidemiologist, thinks there are 10 unknown caaas for vary known opaa case (he laaiata that tbe unkaowaa are n^t open casaa). 6 Br Sirou, the physician la charge of the Thetford Vines hospital tuberculosis service, believes steatosis causes tuberculosis although, according to Kr. Vabvwln, ha has written aad publicly stated tha contrary, 7 Living coadltloos la Thetford have laproved la receat years* Mr Tahacl, who visited Thetford la 1930 aad 1935, observed the laprowesent Vlss Chess, the Metropolitan Mursc, finds hoses in Thetford better than hoces la parts of Cuebac City Asbestos eospaalas la Thetford have as health iaforaatioa oa their eorksaa Only data say ha os M S d a i s f o m 9. In Cocoony's new till eocron tin drinking cuo Is still used. T' 1 was observed and ranTied by Mr. fehsel tn 1935. with r r1.0.ct.orvJero.shorr..?-J.ti*rc:rhiallreger.ia nDtr.hfeaailtthh hsasrriJcu*thtaesenteeeneoaloayinedta'.taoeda sfsnlrrtyheai*rs. Dr. Sttith was aith the Alucinue Cosnany of Canada on foreign service. There is a snail tut fairly well-e-uiroed ho*nitel and hetlth records on earl-re* extending 303 I50t 0 0 7 over a nferi^d "f yei.rs, Tt is hoped to enlarge the h^roitel facllitfrr soon and ir.t*li ne*r x-ray eruipoant. was rC B endad that a new sachine ba at least eilliarpere* and nreferatly ascest-'sia. in orcar to aaeure adequate chest filaa for 11 111 . In Asbestos, Dr. Smith said th* incidence of tuberculosis appeared to be in the youn.; w-ser. ec-l-yed In the weaving and spinning * . Operation* are ery dusty. Personal hygiene, living habits, and nutrition of the girl* in hi*. o-ini->n, were poor. Plan* are under way t*> have a nutritionist dan-'nftrat* proper lunches and the preparation of othar eeal*. Mr. McGaw as interested in securing a ll the health education saterlaln ef the Metropolitan abich eight help in this 1 rinindgusatnrdiaeltesritiunartisoenc.t!' zSa,w ventilating equiraont being Th* electrostatic oreelrltator installed in th* seinhieh collects the dust 1 75 fron th warl.'us operation* * corking about percent efficiently, ainly beeau the Increased tempo of operation* i* overloading I t . 12. At our suggestion, th* three aanager* of asbestos aines la Tketford agreed to inwit* the laboratory u b fros Dr* Touraneesu11 industrial hygiene department in the Provincial Hetlth Department to v is it Thetford end work alongside Vr. Pehnel la eking dust collection*. This invitation vet extended by Mr. Sabourln lerul representative ef the Asbestos Producers Association, to Dr. Toursngeau when ve called on the latter In Quebec. 13. Me suggested that the effort be aade to have the Cncoensation Coastssion insist that x-rays, token to #*onstrtasb*ftosi*, be cade by a standard technique and that, if* possible, diagnostic criteria be established. Mr. abnurln thought i t would be possible to have a eoaaittee on asbestoals code up of Canadian and Aaericcn ocdlcol authorities aeetlln Montreal and fcrsulate such standards. He ales believed a clinical syaposiase on asbestoeis could be arranged-, to which practicing Physicians in cooeunitlcs near th* asbestos industry would be encour aged to attend by paying one-half of their expenses. Dr. Gardner and Dr. Lansa were authorities sent'oaed to speak a t this syx*v*ius and for seebership on the Conslttae on Asbestosis. Me Industrial Health Clinic lr. Thetford 1. The establlsbnent ef s elinie is a legal requirement in the asbestos Industry. The government has recently ruled to allow the Industry to establish its own health service. 2. Three eospaales have agreed to spend about $60,000 to establish th* elinie. 3. The position of fuU-tin* industrial physician will be offered to 1. "Paul Cartier whoa Z oat and interviewed in Montreal. If he accept# he will start at oec* to plan bis progras and secure equipment. I I nuclZea. teCdlinthicatwthilel brhey0v-iveriaentcdkebay c*ecnotecrniottfeethc!soncr-^scesditt-efe.the throe r.ttnefert. and ?10500Dyre. aCrlayrtfioerr, poror fweshs'itovnear l icstuadpypoainndtedtratovetlh.e o-sitioB , w ill ha*re frcedor *e Visits lr. Montreal 1. ftadlo C-rn-'ret l~n *f Censda lie. Dr. Kaur*ari critical of y.L.I. fcccleal Ixaciners or AZH follow-up. I] II fhf criticise has Veen pasted -n to Dr. BUractte (gee kxhlllt A). '/ b. Alerraally bly cldc ret in ratio-Afeekly eecti-n where there ere c . 9oAn0t ploieprr.wcr*eanetthionfceesla'gainlvcresoe.lov*inCagaeunssdeoslt--di*enarei,nurvgae.s'ntthbieelnaiwtian.ilglwhesaa-okkndeeasrehrc,ehree'c"aVtb!eersruu,er,preroeynv.eidcieed. 2 . Charles r . Frosst sad Co. "leaning health service for esoioyess. feat tr. Lo*leaky, Director of Peeearch and in charge of developing service, description of service for nail plant (kzhil-it B). b. Observed several working loeat'on* whtre dust and drug concentration in ataoinhere sight be hazard, (kr. Fehnel arrange to visit and wake surrey.) % Congress of Industrial ^hvriclans This is a group of about 25 physicians aapleytd is industry around Montreal. Sr. Grahcc hoes, of .National Breweries, Is presidant. Mr. F#hnel and X sooke to this gr-up on the work of the Industrial -Hygiene Bureau and son postwar proklsws in industrial edicine. Sr. Boss would like Metropolitan industrial hygiant literature which would be ap^Ofriate for these physicians. (Dr. Burnette has been inforaed.) - i - ir'j/LS it ry-r.'G trip Pedl~ Coroortti-r. rf Ct.ns.da ' Mr. Leac-r. , the nee Pretcent Mr. UcCallus, Personnel Director t . Keufean, ^*dici.l Director Mr. E'usseau, faftty Director 1 Charlc . Proat end Coirngne Ilot S. roast, rcrident Mr. Pheen, lest keae^er Dr. Loslnsky, director of Research Abest** Com-ration Mr. Egbert ?teele, Prerident, Montreal Mr. Alfred Pcnhole, **en*cr, Thetford Mmtreal AnV-Tu>erculostf League It . Paul Cartier 5 Matinal recrtes Or. Crabaa r.sss, Medical Direet-r Aluetnuc Coa-anr of Canada Dr. Fildfell, Medictl Director Asbestos Producers Asmciatlon of Cuebsc Mr. tean Eabourla Mr. Pabnurin sada axranceaeet* with the three onarators In Thetford Vines and with the Johse-Uearille Plant in Arbertoa for us to insoect and aaka dust Burrey*. Ha also took us lr. his ear os the trio iron Montreal to Asbestos to Thetford to Cuebee. aac back to Montreal, and , arslrted ut in netting officials in the Provincial Health Cepcrhnent la Cucbae City. Mr. H. i. Sherry, Menacer Mr. McGaw, Director of Industrial Halations Sr. Stevenson, Medical Director Dr. flblth, Assistant to or. Ptevanacu Johnsons Cocoanv r. Andrew Johnson, President rttt-g a ti Mr. 0. . Smith, President Dr. Pirou, practicing nhyslelaa in Thetford Vinos Kiss Chess, Metropolitan Kursa, and In addition the Pistera in eharfe of the hospital In thetford and a nucber of the Pleat Superintendants and Za(insra la the flour class which wars inspected. f-uel-ec Health Department Dr. paul Ferret, Jtttisttclan Cr. A. F. Foley, Provincial i.T>ldc::iolnl*t Dr. Jeer Grecoire, Deputy Minister ef Health anc eifere Dr. Jule* Gilbert. Director of Health iaucition Dr. F. J. Touruigeeu, Director of Induetriel Hyriene Copyjnltie? for TT-.ich Indorsation on Tuberculo?! IcrttlttT ud Keclth Conditlont Chieoutiai Ceo de Madeleine St* Jean PSti r*o uHyeakcitnthe alleyfleld Aabeetoe Thetford DArs.siRstoamnatnSLe>crBetucrrnyett Canadian Head Africa Dear Nraant *our quest!'cnalre regarding e-Mssualty health itnieu id living c^nditlins, which y~u planned to send tr the nurse* in cos-unities In which we are waking the tuberculosis b t U I U j study, reached we today. I think it cover* everything w* talked about Saturday end should (Iti u* the necessary lnforaatisn. If It teens necessary ead we are In doubt afc-ut conditions It nay be possii le "ar ne t- nake an Inspection wisit later an. T assume fra* your letter that y u can steure the in'orcation fron a trusted source Vnawn V* yu in Piaauski. If yau are la doubt Hit a source in Asbestos, I le'.Uve r can secura this lefonsat:- through Dr. Snith, tha assitent to Dr. Stevenson at Canadian Johns-kanville in Asbestos. 1 have several questions which I did not Wee up with you on Saturday in which relate to ey visit. (1) Dr. Orthaw Host, Medical Director of national Breweries, Montreal, was interested cur Industrial health notarial. 1# has about 25 physicians in his professional organisation which he end Or. flldfell, 25Madleal Director of jlwlnua Coosony of coulee ef aeproprlate literature for Canada, are these m b. organising. Do you have Re eould use supplies of our 'Industrial Health Series end do y*u w i * to supply Dr. ess witv then? (2) Mr. C. M. McGaw, In charge cf Industrial Relations of Canadian J^hni-kanvilla, Asbettoe, Cue., te Interested in having health education watarial for educational t e work with their eaoleyees in Asbestos. They have tecacc quite active In safety education and now want to turn to health education. 1c wanted be supplied with the health education natarlal which we have available. Do you have liter ature you can send hint If not, shat do you wish done? I night also wentlon that Mr. MeOaw raised the question about nursing service. He said that the laoreselon had been given then that they would have naming service when the insurance was purchased. I explained that ee provide nursing service where it is available and thut would nnt necessarily fallow the contract Ion perhaps know the background of this and you way wish to say something to hia. In eom sctiof) with the nursing service, X gave Kiss Chess the name rf the aaagers ef the tee nines we inswe in Tbetford, Mr. 0. C. Maith of the Bell Mthien*es,thainsdwMere.k.An'dre* Johnson, ef Johnson's Mine. She ie planning te call on (3) Mr. Ivan Sabourla ie also Interested in Metrooollten health liter ature. I shall arrange to out hla on the *tatiatleal Bulletin eelllng list, but sa in doubt as to what you prefer ta do about ether health literature. Would ytshuroupgrheftehretHoesdndOfhfiicserantriwroiunlldiyn^uwhiwicshhyuosu think to do he would eof be Interest! ihile T wee et RCA in Canada I set Er. ruffuLr, l'r. WcOlluc, end Kr. Rousaeeui Medical Director, ?eronnel Director, end Safety Direct-r reinectirely. Their eleiw ret, es you know, is running currently around AO ner 1 ,0 0 0 , according to date which they here et bead. Pee1-* tft reached during Aafust, which was s*re then teles this rete, Z believe.Jpr. Kaufmen does not bellere that these S7*iwe are all for legitiwete il nsa. He is particularly critical of the cart nlayed by the Company hedieal Examiner* in claim administration. H said they wera poorly trained for their work aad their follow-up wisits did not aid in thw control of malingering. He etatad that the Coaoany should wwploy laboratory diagnostic tests such as blood examination, x-rays, etc., to check uo on Tagus diagnoses subsitted by attending physicians. The predominant diagnoses are neurasthenia, weakness, anemia, etc.,' and occur among the female employees, oartlcularly Is the radio assembly deoerteent, which has Lbout 90 percent females Tn Asbestos Dr. ftevsnsee, who Is the 3 ohn*~ganville nhytlcisn, Is also redleal ixaminer for the Company. Be seatloned that aaol-yees were abusing their AH Insurance. Be has talked with local ohyslciens ab^ut their signing of certificate* aad their excuse is that they are accommodating the patients. One of the attending physicians suggested that the Company print la bold latter* cn the form, which is given tc the attending physician to fill out, that the insurance is not Intended ts sower vacations, rest periods, etc. I did not know whether this cones within your province, but I thought i that I would pass it on to you to do whatever you see fit. [ Sincerely yours, \ George K. fhectley, M.O. Aselatent Medical Director Pebruary 23, 1944 Mr. Iran Sabourin ALdred Building Montreal, P. Q. Canada Dear Ur, Sabourlnt While the natter la atlll fresh in my mind Z a* writ In* you at length on ay lapreasionof the situation on Asbestosls in Quebec in so far as It involves relationships between the producers, the medical profession and the Compensation Commission One conference with Ur, Sharp, Dr Yldal and Mr Dick gave as a Mich clearer picture than Z had eotten previously Before doli* so Z offer a few consents on autopsy aatsrlsl* Z aa enclosing ay report on the lung tissues of Philemon Tardlf. Of necessity the conclusions are not too satisfying as they are based only upon examination of two blocks of tissue, ap proximately 2 x 4 centimeters in diameter without even an indication of the parts of the lung from which they were taken However, they n v - the material from the two previous esses, do dsmonstrate that the Tbetford operations produce limited amounts of indisputable Asbestosls In the presence of advanced tuberculosis this iSvfeoscured and not likely to be identified except on mlcroaeoplc examination of pulmonary tissue. X-rar during life will not show It* ^ Today Z haww also examined in gross the sagltal section through the entire right lung of Majorlque Perron which we collected yesterday from the toxicological laboratory la Montreal This la a much more satisfactory specimen with which to work* Zt likewise shows a com' bination pf widespread chronic tuberculosis upon a background which will probably prove on microscopic examination to be minimal Asbestosls. Sections will be prepared as soon as possible for microscopic examination* 2SH JLSHia JiDO. A % A brief summary j ^ S E occupational and elinieal history lacladingsHorn longemployed, character and date offirst symptoms, date of quitting work, whether Soch's bacillus was found la sputum and date of death Z neglected to copy this information from your record This autopsy material on fatal eases and the X-raye jthat are now reaohlng the Commission are bound to ereete in their minds .the impression that tuberculosis Is an all too common complication of / Asbestosls Xf X were In their position with my experience limited to evidence of this kind Z would find it difficult to resist the conclusion that thers is causal relationship between even slight amounts of Mr. Ivan Sabourln (2) February 23, 19M asbastosis and tuberculosis of tha Z have told jou repeatedly as I told Mr* Sharp yesterday'that ] ^ d 'not era* with'thia oaeiilon but I doubt whMetthheer ha or Dr* Vidal w i n ba persuaded whan they saa a I tuacasslon of casas ilka thosa which ara now'passing bafora than* Thay [ wust ba aada to raalisa that thasa casas ara tha axcaptlons rathar than I tha rula and that thara is a great Minority of employees in tha asbestos | industry who arc free from tuberculosis Z would therefore urge that immediate steps ba taken t u-r-r--" e,.vjetnv asnlovti ii> tha asbestos Industry In Quebec so that -the -> ngbim y y "Statistics can be assanblad* Drr'StAVehiion'Fi X-ray 2Tlns alra taken on the een at Asbestos will provide you with material for a pre liminary report* Coupled with this there sight be an analysis f - data contras* * t h e T ' ^ 1 death rate froe tubereuloslf~nMTh*llord ASST - ^ T O b g i t b a with that in otheK^lniQstrial 'concunftle"of the FrevlheiV Xt would ba' till ore''convincing If yo'cld ShW th separate rates o f u .jaales and females unless the nuaber of the latter employed la the ^asbestos plants `constitutes'an appreciable proportion of tha fanale populit!on*. Finally tha ago distribution, o deaths from tuberculosis la > those aaployad In tha TTSsis plants as contrasted with that In other occupations would help in determining whether the occupational factor wsj contributory My own observations elsewhere and your lntluation that tha rata for tuberculosis was higher In St* Hyaclathe than In thetford and- / or Asbestos make me confident that tha companies would acquire Information of greatest service to themselves by such a survey and analysis* Zf asbastosis specifically la predisposing to tuberculosis la tha sane sense as silicosis does the effect should be Just as apparent In Sorth Carolina and Pennsylvania as it stems to be in Quebec or England But the fllas of aaployad asbestos workers In tha States show a very low incidence of associated tuberculosis* Zt is sqr firm belief that la Quebec and England, factors outside the occupation are responsible* . . As Z sensed the situation la Montreal yesterday the asbestos Industry d l l have to product evidence to prove this point and i i sc tr eaarts i nogn l vItclonnoveidnlcaetdaltyhaotrctuhrepionsdiutsitornilaal comolstlon biased and will become not founded irvupon \ truth* Furthermore the industry would undoubtedly profit by __ v undertaking a general program Qf eo-- inlty oonteol of tuberculosis By Instituting e a s * - n m 5 ^ S K l a e x 7 " w9t only among employed but among the members of their families, the open cases of Tnbcretflosis would-be discovered and the sources'of spread of the infection could be removed* ,, . ' *C' vdr" . 7* Mr. Ivan Sabourln (3) February 23, 19U X 2n=hiKS rs!S s nth ^ isr? s iu ; 2 dS:ts d. i hi j 2 i -4 tuberculosis with resuitsnt lowering of eoansatioa iu o r t ? . . . P i, y . ,, j . has a rious problem becsuse its labor fore* is d n m ft-. . - V*r?c in which the tuberculosis rata la high but their situation is nSPiiiii0n ^ n ^ u i i t y ! " tfc* r e l i * n t * l r r" to Is thit theh s b . t M l ? * i r \ 5 1J S . U e bI i w niiidIB u I I tif1iuit.*r*"t generally less severe and extensive than tha asbestosis of the'fibiie.tinw plants of the States. Comparison of the X-ray findings in thl rivaals vary few cases with typical patterns song Thetforc or Isb.ii2iP ni.l sen. Soae asbestosis 1* unquestionably produced for wa hawe***t0* microscopic evicenee of it in the four autopsy cases now available but it is not vancau enough to replace such of the functional parts of the 11 lungs and thus causa the X-ray snadows that are generally reeoxniaed,, characteristic of tho aitease. (Most of us disagree with Dr. i S o i l L i J whan ho s.iy* In U n * . * book that thor* 1* no characteristic pattering aibestosiu). If my observations ar corraet this relatively slisht aSoti* of disease should not cus disability for only the frawworfc of the i S i respiration intact. at th* p*rt* " * * * function or ^ h*r; In the Canadian industry is on the defense against its medical profession and thair representatives o*; the advisory board to the Industrial Commission. The doctors have seen only their own local manifestations of asbestosis without opportunity to compare it with the really severe manifestations that are produced elsewhere Thlv rind the . b o o r ! .h.do.0 In th. X-r.y m of H p o S ihlrt ?ho, are convinced must cause symptoms and disability. They find asfcestos* * bodies in the lungs of autopsied eases associated eitta minimal tissue reactions or overwhelming manifestations of concurrent pulmonary in fections anc now they are sure pf their ground. -- i *- . ^ ^ f**1* to rend Itself the industry in Quebec must wl11 ****** time t collect, analyse and publicise. * * h* extracted with those in the fabricating - ^ * 5 ? ? ?r 1**here. In the city of Asbestos the v if}??1?* thf *?*Tin* ff11 h** been in operation for only four years ?!'*!*.%****! minimum time to produce much disease is those exposed, but I am mue* mistaken * " y *xp*ct to flnd r it hare unless It . Iran tabourln U) february 23, 1944 A* I bar* told you la conversation, our experimental observations load a to believe that the true hasard in asbestos pluti lo proportional to tho aaouat of mall, individual, unerushed flbros la tht industrial atmosphere* X suspect that tho reason why ono sots little or at typleal asbostosls in tho alnes eni allls la because thort is probably too little sueh fibre la tho air of those plant*. Conversely the reason for the typical* disease in the fabrieatin plants is the fast that the proeessea there open the bundles of asbestos fibre and tear thea into lengths short enough to be Inhaled in dangerous quantities* The alllt and nines are dusty but the dust is largely serpentine with relatively few fibres large enough to do hara to the lungs* This dust enters the lungs where it produces reaction aroand blood vessels and other fraiMworie structures that are Just like any other inert dust* Ve tee the shadows of sueh inert reaction aanlfested in X-ray at an exaggeration of the noraal shadows of blood vessel. This eonditioo it not asbestosls nor necessarily preasbestotlo any more than the identical changes in non working in hard rock nines are necessarily presllieotle* Xm free aillee industries regardless of exposure we do not diagnose slliooala fron X-rays until we find the characteristic pattern of nodulatlOnj in the asbestos industry we should do likewise and refrain fron a diagnosis of asbostosls until the X-ray reveals tho eharaeterlatlo pattern of haslness or fine stippled appearance spreading throughout the lower thirds or nore of the lung fields* The situation with asbestosls is even nore difficult than with silicosis for today the requisite condition of tho dust oxposuro Is not appreciated by the nodical profession* m -o o b 14 4 5 9 Therefore X strongly urge that surveys be cade to coapare /the relative quantity and nature of the dusts in the wills and the ^ fabricating plants in order to present proof that la the first instance \the percentage of thin fibre of inhalable disenslons is insignificant in ^ ^comparison with th^ quanti ty created .in. spinning and caving* Xt is going m M n to peruaae~pttysiel*ns of the importance of these factors but similar faotors govern the reaction to quarts and the development of silicosis These physical limitations of ataoapherle dust often determine the outcome in contested esses Involving a diagnosis of silicosis and X for set that they will have equal weight in asbestosls* A aTSo*pherIc simples.J a weaving And spinning mill*'and i n the mines and fpr0cesYXrff*'$lants' "to establish this basic difference so that it will stand wbeyond controversy*' e b t v * the experimental background] we now must /d#aafirtrti''iV* lautriLl syplioption. m e n correlated with the results upon exposed workmen, X feel certain that our position will ff.-- ` 3 *sy *y r : ^r ,.*V" i iaHMi Hr. Ivan Babourin (5) February 23, 1 9 U To l U K u r l x n I would male* th following recommenda tions to your clients tho Canadian Asbestos Producers in ordr that they say defend themselves against a growing conviction among tha loeal physician* that oaployasnt In thia Quebec industry it highly dangerous 1. Corraet an orronaoua impression of tha Industrial Commission that aabattosls la frequently os&oeleted with pulmonary tuberculosis. a) Btatiatieal data basad on .1-ray of all ----^ employed workmen to lndleata tha ineldanea of pulmonary tubareuloala ----- - b) Comparative mortality statistics on tubareuloala la Asbestos and Thatford and In othar communities of Quebec indleating tha frequency by aaz and ago* 2. Consider tho possibility of inaugurating a program * of tubareuloala case finding and control la tha general populations of Asbestos snd Thatford in order to elimi nate sources of nee infection among employees 3. lakt a detailed comparative study of the nature of the .dust In the fabricating plants snd tbs asbestos mines and mills. Z trust that you mill agree with these recoaoendations and be willing to. pass them along to your clients. Kay Z taka thia opportunity to thank you for your delightful hospitality while Z was in Montreal and thank you for making ay visit profitable and pleasant. fineorely yours* LOQfXH Leroy 0. Gardner a. 0. JDlreotor t (/ Petrusry 28, 1944. Dear Kr. Sabourint Z here your letter of XAfcnUUXjilZo*king for eo-- ant* on -- the relationship between asbestosls sad susceptibility to tuberculosis. This question cannot ho answered decisively fron stud/ of post aortas aterlal aIons* Sadieel probless of this nature ara usually soivod oa tha basis of probabilitios and it is this natter of probabilities on which wa naod further oridoneo In tha sasa of tuberculosis associated with asbestosls. Verawathar In his *Beaeraadua on Asbestosls* Tubercle Bevtuber and December, 1933 and January 1934) adults that the data oa the subject ara seafer.* Be reports that of 374 workers while at work only 4 showed signs of aetlwe tuberculosis and that the British Silicosis and Asbestos ledieal Board in Its first periodic oxmatnatlon of workers In this industry found only one ease of asbestosls sad tuberculosis la ,1512 ex*wlnations. On the ether hand the fegllsh pest sorts uetcrisl (st that tluc revealed 35.7> of tho sasss eoaplleatad by tabereulosis. ' (Subsequently ho appears to hawe found acre eases If Dr. Kiddell Is cor rectly infomod). Xa the publication cited Isrwwsther concludes! TlhOef ewldanee btahvejrveAfowrwem points to the hypothesis that at.preaant ttf jrtJLrl.glyli 39 tOfl ____ ________________ ely less than in workers exposed to free silieai wlrulent ass- sire infections will as in the gmeral papulation cause tfesthj lesser ones will result in aore widespread fibrosis than would appear in eases saongst tha general Epopulation and alight infections in so-- on with any ` thar affections are likely to precipitate death in asas of advanced asbestosls whore they wouldn't do so in tbs general population. The wndersooring la but Z agree with these wi lhan Dr. lorcwethor was in this country loot year he Tisltad ae for several days and wa spent aoit of our tlae discussing those probleas ;tfa still aeespts our sxpariasntal work which preres that there is ao specific susceptibility to tubcroulosis induced by asbestosls and he,like /ourselves. is anxious to aoouaulato cooperative statistics froa WUrioac parts of the world to establish tho general clinical experience > -- .* J. -v -- -=-_v -- . ,, ,.r-. _. , (2) As Z indicated In my last letter the Quebec experience Is not yet enalysedj there is only an inpression that orT'oT'W a i, asbestos vorksrs die of tuberculosis without into eeebuat tbe t a ze o sslT o prevalence of sueh Infection' ah.mg the' population of the V Province. This lnpreation needs verification by careful analysis of norbddity and nortality statistics collected fron the employees of tho asbestos industry, fron their families not exposed to asbestos dust and fron other eonoKftifcs in the Province of Quebec* Such data abould than be eonpared with aistilar statistics for asbestos sorters in ether countries. If there is a apceifle occupational predisposition to tabor : culosls it sill becone apparent on aueh analyses Just ss it .has for \ silicosis, Wherever silicosis'is being created, the high nortality fron `>tuberculosis cannot be hidden. I do not believe that tharo is much tuberculosis / asbestos workers in the United States and suspect that the oxeeas nortality ( fron this cause in is probably due to tbs lev living jtaadarda 'of Industrial vorksrs, Possibly ieliotldeT oT eases' Cosing to autopsy na Influenced tbe picture, Aaeriean studies hare this far failed to denonstrato onough tuberculosis anang asbestos workers to oause ooeaMut. Tbe U, 8. Public Health Service Study of Asbestosls in tho Asbestos Textile Industry in forth Carolina, (Bulletin 241), issued In 1938 hardly mentioned tuberculosis, dismissing tbs subject with tbs stat scant on page 51 that there ware only 2 eases of active, pulmonary tuberculosis in the group* (541 eaployees). Shull, (Badiology 27, Vo, 3 279-292t 193 examined 71 of 100 oases discharged from tho plants vhoro tho Public Health Service made its study 15 months lator and found 8 cases complicated by tuberculosis of Slight to moderate extent but only 2 were actlTo, Those two subsequently died of this cause and in 2 others the infection leter become aetiwe, Shull states in hie conclusions that asbestoils .does not predispose to tuberculosis,* Presumably he Infers, although ha docs not say so, that the A cases of setlwe disease among 541 workmen represented acoomilated disabilities when the exawl nation program was inaugurated. Donnelly (J. Ind. Byg. aid Sox. 18, So, U 222-2281193. also examined 151 discharged employees Inalartinf the 100 reported by Stall. So fives more details on the cease of tuberculosis One of thorn bad worked in the asbestos industry for 5 im*ht tad tho others 15 aoBths. She remaining 2 had worked 0 sad 10 years respectively and their infections might here beam aggravated by exposure to.asbestos ( J r . dust. So points eat, hofwewer, that am Incidence of 2 oeeee among 151 industrial employees is no higher than in any efeer industrial group. MePheetero, fad. Byg. end Tax., 18, 22p-239i 1934) likewise ax- omiBed and reported on those oeeee and he is in entire agreement with the ether reporters. Xa his conclusions he states, Be activating or M g rareting offset of asbestos dust or asbestosls or tuberculosis was .observed.* Finally I believe 2 told you that X myself, bed Just re turned from Berth Carolina chare X had reviewed sheet films of some 100 employees of the local asbestos industry aafl saw only one that shewed any indication of adult type pulmonary tmbarculosls. This uaa completely Mr. Iran. Sabourin C3> February 28, 1944 healed. l commented on tho faet to the bora of th ledlcal Board of th* 8tat# Industrial Commission with whoa I was conferring and th Chairman, Dr. Yestal, told that tuberculosis was a rare finding aaonc asbestos workers although couaon nough in other industrial workers in their state. It would therefore, appear that in Vorth Carolina asbeatosls does not favor or predispose to tuberculosis. I have Just now eoapleted a review of 125 films for an asbestos fabricating plant la another state. In this plant the aoount of severity of the asbestosls on the first examination in 1930 was well marked, approximately AOV of the group showing definite X-ray evidence of the disease. gevertheless,thetotaladulttypetubereulosis rate was only 5jCj four of these eases occurred in parsons with asbestosls and 2 of them were considered probably active. A second examination was made upon 67 of the original group after an interval of 5 years during which they remained at work. Vow the incidence of asbestos had increased to 42% tout the tuberculosis rate had fallon to 2.9V. A third examination as done on 57 of the original group who still remained in employment after a further, interval of 3 to 4 years) in this group the incidence of asbestosls was over $0/1 but that fo tuberculosis only 3.5V. Zn spite of excessive amounts of severe asbe&tosls the tuberculosis rste remained within the limits usually found in American industrial populations. The behavior of the tuberculosis in these people was hot unusual.. For example one man, a spinner for 13 years, was 31 years old when first examined. He had at that tlsw an early non-specific dust reaction and eridenee of old tuberculosis in the top of his lungs. Zn two succeeding examinations his dust reaction steadily increased to reach first stage asbestosls 9 years after ho was first soon. His tuberculosis however, remained apparently uninfluenced. Host of the others behaved in the same manner* These people had already been exposed to asbestos dust for periods of 3 to 18 or more years when they were first exsmined and the three subsequent examinations during the following 9 years give us a good opportunity to follow what might nave developed, lo new ease of tuberculosis appeared. Xf It had not by that time the ehaaces were not very great that they would later* After they left the asbestos industry we do not know what happened to most of them but on a few there are Insurance records that indicate the eause of death. Two died of tuberculosis. One had had his infection when ho was examined in 1930 at the age of 50. At that time he had an early asbestosls after weaving for 10 year# and evidence of associated ehronle tuberculosis, le was advised to leave which he did and died of his infection about 3 years latar. Tha second man aged 32 had been a waavar for 12 years and had first stage asbestosls but no evldsaee of tuberculosis at the time* He left his Job after the first exaaination for reasons aot stated. Thro* years later he was reported to have died of tuberculosis in sanitorlua. Such easts could occur anywhere. Zt is possible that if we had follow-ups on sore of these cases after they left the asbestos Industry we would find wore persons who subsequently contracted tuberculosis and died of it. How ever, the evidence now available indicates no such tendency* am] ,experiments, contrary to those upon silicosis, disclose no theoretical /reasons for suspecting that asbestosls creates any special susceptl(blllty to the tubercle bacillus of loch* Z ax becoain aore and wore convinced that that the ,high tuberculosis rates reported in English autopsy statistics are due Jto causes other than occupation* Z believe that the sane aust hold j true in Quebec where the anount of severity of the asbestos dust reaction I'is very such less than it is in the fabricating plants in the United 'States. Z believe Z have covered the other points raised in your letter and will therefore not prolong this discussion further. Tery truly yours. Leroy 0* Gardner, M* D* Director LUOiRH ce to Kr. Taadlver Brown i On June SS192I the Welfare Cooolttse "authorised aa appropriation of $$,000 pr paar for fir* juri to the Saranac laboratory for tbo purpooo of enabling it la oooporation nth thia Coupony to ooatinao baeterlolegleal rtadioo of silicosis." to tbo Dotoabor 141933 Z vrete to Doctor Prendaat tbo firot and oooond paragraph oa Plaasstos1 "X of obovod Or Gardner's lottar of Decsobor 12tb to pouf and tbo Prooidoat oops that with events tarsias aa thy ara aov ve anat not prealsa far in advance but that pea oaa aap that vo look apoa tbo proposition and apoa tbo results that are being aaaoapllahod vitb favor and that oar disposition n i l bo to raeosnsnd rsasval of tbo $5,000 appropriation for aaotbor too f oars beginning July 1,1934 maloss aoaavhilo soaMtblns happens to ske as ooaaidsr suOb action laadviaabl* (Those too parasrapbs vorst "Bad a nesting la Chieoce n t b roprossatativos of tbs Mitual Znsuranoo Coapaaios (liberty, Unbcraaae, Xnployors and inertcan, X think.) Ihitias and Keuakle orsaaisod it to soasidor a resoarsh prosraa vbiab they veuld finaaeo hors at tbo laboratorp Za speech to than Z neatloaed that tbo Hot. had carried aa for $5,000 annas!Ip during tbo last 5 poors, but that Z as not vary certain that pou voald bo able to eeutiaae* Z thsre- fore asked tboai to replace this groat n t b $5,000 of thslr ova to een- tinuo the otudp on !B and ailiaosis. They bad previously vrlttsa aa for a oebodulo of aooaaaarp oxporiaastal verb in vbiab Z iaeludad a study of in TsSolauabidliptayo,uaaeoavitaraliAxfatteirofa of oilioa actloa in tbo body aad spaoob they took ay braatb avay inouaitp by asking ao if Z could do all tbie program tianltanoouoly if they fare aa $10,000 a year for tbo next I psora aad prounded pom to continue n t b poor pros aist contribution. Zt oaa bo dona aad Z told than oo. They are putting .it sp to their chiefs aad soaai to fool that there la good prospect of oueeaas. Bevevsr, Z don't vast to bo put la tbo position of barlag asanaed that tbo Mot Is going to fult before Z bate aakad for a roaaool of tbo oppropriatioa and Z don't vaat than to bo bargaining uitb pou to do oaawthing vhaa pea bare alroadp done oa ansh aad asp act fool able to do anro* io X Zap 21 cards oa tbo table") the poor oppropriatioa described above vill tondaato at tbo end of this aontb. Setter* Xaasa aad laOonnall nttoaiod tbo Conferences oa tiliooslo at laraaas last vsak aad Doctor Xaasa aapa that sa Jobs tOth bs "bad laasb n t b Dr. Gardner, ia soapaap n t b throe or four reproooatativoa of tbo Asoeolatiea of Mrtaal Casualty Con sulso. During the Zaaehesa, Dr Gardner rooolvod a tolopaa froa the Secretary of this Assonatiaa( notifying hi* that tbo Aasooiatioa bad aado b U grant of |Sf000 aad vould be iaollaod to listaa favorably to a rogues! for the reaoeal of this grant far a period of poors aad also possibly tbs increasing of tbo aneuat Zt as tbo hope of tbo representatives of tbo Aasooiatioa present to have this grant increased to $10(000 a pear far throe poors Mr Graff ho represents tbs latloaal Board if Surety and Oacualtp Oadsnrrltero stated that bo *fcwtgM it van probable that tbo Stock u s p u l M lilad ad ia this isoselation vould also support tbs p-- * laboratory and it is ay intention ta discuss thin n t b i Itr. Albert Tbltaay it a maatlac that ve ara ta bar ibis veak* Am ooon ta Z baar af aay farthar aetlaa ky tba uialty aompatlaa, I , ahall lafora yoa.* Tba qcartian #f m y a t t m l dlseaaoa hiih ara uueltiid vith tabarauloele la af aara importanoa to-4ay ta tba firma and vaga ornara vhieh va aovar vith imauramea* thaa at aay time pravioua Resulta af great vala bava tlraady baan mttalmed by thaaa raaaareb vorkera at aerammo Lmboratery * end tba promiaaa af furtbar and aamtlnued diaeoveriea la tba maar futara ara brillimat Tba high mortality from tabaravloala amarne aur Industriai palicyholdara vbo ara angagad la barmful escupetina aaa aad abaali aaatlaua ta ba atteakad by Juat aueh testaran ma tba Saramas yraup ara mairing aad pvttlmg lata aparatlam Va tbarafara raaaamami tbat thls Company*a appropriati#* af $5*000 par yaar bay!uning July 1*1934 ba renovad far 3 yaara* lf poaaibla* aad far 1 yaar aayvmy. Ama 39,1934 E-0. Saptaster t t , 1^10 Or. 7 . 7 . lir ln t a t r , Suraatt<i*-Qtera, U .S. teraaa 7 V-- fis s a r ia* Caaparailva U a la , Omr O r. te rlv a ia a ri u Or. Oaanall 1 laavia bar* a tte tata io ( taa SV isa v It f t t y kM t a h u r t |> , ad f r a u tr a* n U ( *.o T ^ t.M p ii aad f m tttr U t i . Laaia ad tosa* rrra ad ttea va 7ister vterv 0a a i l i a rriv a ate a ! tte f i n i . te v il i taitrap* yau fla it a ly tea! ite tla a . 1 j i r u i I t v i l i te ,wtbla u tea Tted w t tela la a p ila ate te la * a l dava io fla te r. te la beiaglae ite -r jr p io laras f aatestasls oaaaa ita k la . I a is Z al ( m r tka v ita yoa but i l la ot ra sa tila fa r teak ate M la te m jr fra Ite a fflo * 1 tte ata* tia * . 1 a < ala| la f a r i V aria fo r taa A.7.M.A. vaiok,as you KaaVf atea ap s t e s i it e lO lh of Oatabar. Proa ite ra 1 a sia la tettata ate Itaaa tea, t e i I f i l la daalrabla 1 eaa tesa la flo te r at tte l lla a . 1 da a a i lit e la peaipaaa ap ria ita la fia ta r io loa bui l i la vary d lf f la v ll fa r aa la (a i ava? aas. Or. *rl *t 1 1U te n ; fra ite a ffis a o aailau alljr v a ia i aaaaaaiiataa vy avsela ra ir iy alava la Iav f a r i. U p a r 1 i li aaa layara ai /art Varia te al a tesa* va te la 1* 1** arar v ii* h i . Vayba a a io flo te r '. ite r. il * t e s i raarda X a, fia te ra i?, A. 1 , Lassa 1*0 UA*ThHu>raaSulAif>Uft.UivmbMii .ulo*-aO*j.iar<*. ti.r*h- lviin. i; Plibar, JUtt Jaousry 17, .SI Lir. A. J . U aM . asstaos Madia* Oiraotor aatro,*siithA ulfa ina* ltfkf Daar Or. U i u i I fialahad r41i< u t ,4iti af aabaatjaia uhi 'Jat ut aaat dova. piata* ha oh to jM tXt via* to apalafiaa bui falioaiaf taa far ih* dalay la datila* tbaaa Chrlataaa haiiday* a ha* baaa short of dootar* ad ta*l ha* a ruah f vare laoiiaat to tha aaUfeUsb- f-tu aot af a natila* card syataa la v flalri, ai-iO baa sapt ua vary tua*. I bapa tk a i toa dalay ha* aot oaaaad aay io^ooraalaa**. 07 tetar- rautlaa* bava bava attaahad to ava* fila, aad 1 vili f>rw*r4 tha filas ti ; bjr azpraaa iaaday, taa lith* X visa to aa/ test thia la taa haat ai i t jlatura* 1 oa*a aaaa la a laa* ila*. Thay ara all aad* ad taa taasaiqua la that ..aad fot tha datastioo of aliltosla aad sbastasi* a auh airas tae bst rasalta. Taa rpup aaov* a rary oi*h paroaat*** af aabastoala sai fa* asas af bastad or sotira susoaotad tubsrauL^sia. dosarar, tha nusbar if ubarauar* coaparad vita ta* avabar havia aabaatosis l aaali. Jna i t tha aarprlala* thia** t< a* i* ta* larda sa*bar ita arida*** of haart dlaaasa aad 1 aa saldarla lf thia buso*, lisa ih* Jl:=-r buaah, * U . aat sao* a bica laaldaaot 1 raaaroal afastlaa (ay ;aiii*). aa of tha aaaa* la ^articular baa a *r**t issi >f arii**-* -f .u* *taul*d7 taat I balia** ia althar a hroois -or flbrotls tub<-'!iij*i ir 7 pallia aad i a laeilaad *a balia* test u 1 1 aypoilis. .Bar tan spiroabatal iafactioa Sarasas Uba or a a* af toa lua* is of ballar* aara fra* * 'yp* strila i-Vi in;ooaaats)-iraja.ir.a#.-laartrwi. ira* a ^oaitlr* *a**araaao *<* aitila Uffarra-a frnt *.r.a -ars.atti oiat of riav, aa thaa* rasa* sao* erial iaprora. c.t uooa toc- s*i.q 1j -r*- tiaa of raphaaaatraa. X ion aj* ad r*ry aaaa rettiti* --.* -.a; ta* < basa W 17 good, rary tataraatia*, aad 1 ali! ba g i .0 rasi oty >-/ taat aara. 7 )ora raap ao tfiitiy, (a*dXD) f , f . h arlaatasr, t9jk.f |hiavaataaaaJ.b0sr4ia^, B J . harrea 4 J. i U h ** OtOOT H90PAICB-- lis A 2 U AID ITS PRIVILKBS Ihso the ilr s t group It n r a o f p o lier loto effeet e ix te years ago, a n gte--y e u opeeod thsough ehieh eorkera in the in d u strial and oosnereial f i Ida oould euro Insurance protection. Through the coopere tos of th e ir R o yere a nee aeaoe eaa provided fo r tbese rkoro to guard thaaeelree and th e ir fa n iliee agaioet the mmjor hasarde o f lif e -< Qjf v physieal aetinafcion, regardlees o f age, aad sb se^ etaen w s^ w e^ p d A ^ s h m m U The only stipulation o f the aee iceuraaee eaa that i t had to be eritteo oo f if t y or aore eorksrs, d th e r at the p lo yer'a espenee or at the jo in t coet o f the sorkers aad th e ir ployer *h the e t eae tfaue dividid se v ty -flv e p ero t o f thooe ployed eare roqsired to r o ll uoder the arr g t . The e t to tho individuel ployee eh Insurance eaa oa a oooperatie e baeia ose at a rate nueh lo eer th he ooold posaibly bope to coure fo r M orr! f oa the op market. Ptn 1911 to the begianiag o f 1927 huodrodo o f thousaado of rkoro paaeed throsgh thio gmteesy. S sa ll acem a o f fif ty or r e rkoro aad groat oerpormtioaa oh as the Southern P a cifie , tho 8t . Ujuis-Ssn fro n cis fttileay, and tho Qeaersl Betre Oorporatiea hve be re lie d oa tho books of tho la raneo epaniw e ritia g group. t tho d o f 1926, there eae In foroo in th irty -tm oeepani e rltio g thio type o f ineuraneo $8,428,789,000. Bsny individua ls o f the thoueaads efao are aow protcotsd by group iam raaoe oesld not o rd iaarily be s llg ib ls fbr group insursoe proteo- tien b ee e f th e ir sge or phyeieal ean tiee. s g in il to tho useve'dahie traa o f shep d f eatory ir e lik e ly te devais* physieal ssafessas. Mare ovsr, f m t w h i n of than fail to insura thair llvaa whan young and fa a forbidding ooat whan thay grow old. Group Xaaurano aaaapa aaid ail thaaa obataolaa whan providing thia graataat of naoda of sorting aen bayond thair dally brand and ahaltar. Thoanployeee of ara oovarad by group protsotion. cMgtbla ooncarrain Ofclthon* In tha Tri State District tha latropolttan Li fa Xnauranea Ccnpany haa arittan eoatraeta on tha following* - Blaok Haafc Mining Coapany Childraaa Load and Zino Coapany It Chicago Mina Corporation Goldan Rod Mining and Saolting Corporation ' CCaonabnuarryoaZliinnoinCgo.k loyalty Co. Crystal linaral Tiust * TUFienndeairgteaalsr lLHiionlaildn*gZiSIntoinInCedoCiatpoia.nngy Co. r Tha aaployaaa inaurad uadar lotropolltaa group, is addition to tha inauraaoa privilagas o f tha plan, ara providad sitThintrained, graduata nuraaa whan thay ara ill or injured, providad thay liva in ona of tha 4,000 latropolttan maraing oantars. Thaaa nuraaa oall at tha hoaas of tha anployeaa, lABgasnsoaostfyf carry out tha dootor'a instructions, and inatruot tha fanily in tha oara of tha patiant during thair abesnee. Tha Oonvaraioo Clauaa vary nan naada aa nuch U fa Inauranea aa ha can poaaibly carry -- for hia e ifa , fbr h ia children, fa r hia faoaa. than an aaployaa quita his aortc hia protaotlon undar tha group plan tominatoa but In a ll oonpanloa ho ia givao tha p rivileg e to continue hia insuraneo undar a standard oontraet by paying an appropriate praniun and th ia ha aar do althnut nhvsiaal aM nination. Ho w a t, however, apply fb r hia laauranaa before thirty-ana daya hnva elapsed. an landing tha aarviaaa a f oanpanlaa M id aarry group lanuranee fb r tbaa a r asapara*i with thm In pood la g U nm a n ftv t t n n ltaa and th a ir j fellies stoold be Tory to take ideata# of this eooersion laue. There Is no phyeieal issination, no red tape. It say assn selection far tic felly -- help ehen they need help aoet. ibor 27* 1 * 5 't^hiotory la h rlo f la U t praf oooinaol p u it ; la u fo lla v a , f r ior to v ith tho 1 . h w 1997 to 1920 ho aaa aa offlo o r of ta V. S . Fafcll Hoalth to rrla a * la chart o f la A a o tria l kyflo aa. 2* Xa 1920 ha aarvod oa tho a ta ff of tho BookaffUor yoasiatlao aa ap o d al o M ao r a la d a o trla l igrcloao to tho O m m a a t of 5 . la 1921 ho O ai a ll. Uro a f f li o f tha Boti .1 Hoalth Ir. 1oaaa h o i n o ifeo Cliapiiy 41 Jaaaar7 1 * 1 9 H aa iaalotaat Bodloal Mraator, od to tho Pallayhaldara lai aaa of ho Orca? Uvlaloa. li lo vaa a looro trm ho Coapoay ho dvolopaaot f aa lodatrial al Botaro la 19 a t 1932. oidio la arrloo far that oaapaay. lo vai traaafarra froo tho MUoyhaltera larrlao Baro io ho olfaro Uvlaloa la 1952. i r . U am 'a aor lacva otroUOod ( w S v o li 1911 to fo tn a ry 1915 orla afeli* U bo ho orcoalood tho O ao u atiaaal la a lth M alaloB a f tha Oarcoaa O o a n l'i Qffloo of tha A ra r, ho la a a trla l lyd o ao U h a n ta tj la B U U aoro, ho X adaatrlal S m p O U h aw lw y a t V art E m o. aad athar a it a i a e tile e o . lo m t la to ho M 7 os o Uootaaoat ta la a o l aad aaao evt oa a f a ll Colaaol a lth ho loloa a f O o rlt. i r . looaa feaaaoo Aaooolata S f i n M raator la M r a t y 1915. I r . Loaaa't o o atrlh atlaa io ifeo la d a o trla l h y ilm aorit af ilo Ospogr i a f aa- lla it o i v a lsa , la feoa fU dad it a Tooooroh ad ofaootlonol aarvtooa. la boa boaa m i a f p a rtica la r aaalatoaaa to ila W l s t a l l i r i la rrla o Barca tho Oroap lo otaU lablog lo lo Sdvloloa aed icol ad feoalife aarvlaai iodaatry* o i i a r r l ii lo Ilo hoalth a f lodatria l aaplagsas Oaaalaptwg la d a o trla l n an r * M k hot* lo tho Coapoay aad oatolda. H o faaa aa aa aatfearlty oa cartola la d a o trla l diacci o* M i a a lllo o a la la both aatlo a and o d i Ada. 4 Br.mIamtamUmlaimtgBaaiavetht iafriaa ft m talMs s e rita1tIiH* 111teI x1ttaeae*fcuatawUtM* * *latr, luId iqrffUhmma, im i a rtie le a Sa th* la ia a t r la l kyglaae a i fa b lie fceeltk f i a l i . m , I r . U a a la a praaiaaat aaabar f la d u M il k n la u eoaslttase a f the la erla ea iM lw l iM M lt t t a , the V . f . { h r t w a f Cl-- i tta A ir I n i m F-- rtatlaa S e ia e rla a a M ile B e a lS ia e a e la t t * , an* Hwr i c r i w . SaeBo.eiI Tmietai-Nfrie,eBe.Ba.t, Baelth aa4 a lte I % I ! Tr. Anthony J. Lanza, associate nedical director of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, retires Decenber jls t fron his Metropolitan post- after 2' years of association vith the company. He is an outstanding leader in the field of industrial hygiene and a recognized authority on silicosis. Upon. his retirement he w ill assume full-time duties with the Sew York University-Bellevue Medical Center as chairman of the Institute of Industrial Medicine and professor of industrial medicine in the College of Medicine. For the past year his services have been loaned by the Metropolitan on a parttime basis to the medical center. Eis career is marked by service in both World Wars. During World War I he served with distinction in the U.S. Public Health Service, and in World War II he had an outstanding recoTd in the U.S. Army, attaining the rank of colonel in the Medical Corps, end receiving a high decoration. Dr. Lenza was born in Hew York City on March 8, l 88k, the son of Manfredi end Clara Hammond Lenza. He received his education in Washington, D. C., where he attended St. John' s College and George Washington University, being graduated from the Medical School of the latter Institution in 1906. He entered the service of the Metropolitan in January 1926, as an assistant medical director. In conjunction with the late Dr. Wade Wright, he wpa in charge of the industrial health service of the company's policyholders service bureau. Later he was associated with the welfare division, of which he became executive in charge under Second Vice-President Donald B. Armstrong. Dr. Lenza wes appointed associate medical director~in February 19^5 Turing World War II, Dr. Lanza served for more than two and a half years 1 - 2 - in the United States Army Medical Corps. His service covered the period iron March 12, 19&2, through December when he resumed his connection with the Metropolitan. Commissioned a lieutenant colonel less than three months after the Pearl Harbor attack, Dr. Lanza was later promoted to colonel. He was director of the occupational health division, preventive medicine service, office of the surgeon general. His office had entire charge of industrial hygiene and industrial medical service in a ll the plants owned and operated by the Army, including Ordnance plants, Chemical Warfare plants, air bases, and ports of embarkation. These Army-operated industrial plants employed at their peak about "00,000 civilians, of whom approximately **0 percent were women. In addition, the occupations, health division was responsible for end. maintained supervision over Army-owned contractor-operated industrial plants. The occupational health division also maintained the Army industrial hygiene laboratory which was located in the School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, in Baltimore. This laboratory was under the direction of Colonel Beymond Hussey. The occupational health division was also responsible for the organization of the Armored Forces medical research laboratory at Tort Knox, which was under the direction of Colonel Willard Machie. Dr. Lanza carried out his assignment with such sterling ability that he was awarded the Legion of Merit Medal, which was presented to him in April 19*0- The citation accompanying the presentation of the award reads: . "For exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services from March 19^2 to December 19*^-. Colonel Lanza contributed in a high degree to the development of the Army's present industrial health program for civilian workers in Army owned and operated industrial plants. He organized for the Surgeon General a special health service which protects the health of almost a million civilian workers in Army industrial plants, thus contributing to the - k - He is a member of the Cosmos Club of Washington, D. C., and of the Sleepy Hollov Country Club, Scarborough, Hew York. He is a member also of the following organisations: American Medical Association, American Public Health Association, Association of Industrial Physicians *nd Surgeons, and national Tuberculosis Association, New York Academy of Medicine. He serves on the following directorates end eoanittees: Chairman, Council on Industrial Health, and member of Sdltorial Board, Occupational Medicine, American Medical Association; Committee to Promote Sducatlonal Activities Among Medical Sxaminers, Association of Life Insurance Medical Directors; Chairman, Industrial Medical Committee, and member Board of Trustees, Industrial Hygiene foundation of America; Chairman, Committee on Industrial Medicine, Hew York County Medical Society; Board of Directors, Hew York Tuberculosis and Health Association; Board of Trustees, Trudeau Sanatorium and Foundation; Medical Advisory Committee, Health and Welfare Fund, United Mine Workers of America. Hov. 28, 19*7 DEVELOPMENTS IN THE. HISTOET OF INDUSTRIAL HIGIENE 1870 - 1900 I Partial List of Publications. Books, and Journals Hirt, (Germany) 1870s Diseases of Workers Layet, (France) 1876: Hygiene of Industries (one of the earliest lis t s of hazardous occupations). Eulenberg, (Germany) 1876: Handbook of Industrial Hygiene. Delpech ft Hilairet, (France) 1876: Diseases of Chrome Workers - Carbon Bisulphide in Rubber Industry. Uantigazza, (Italy) 1881: Occupational Hygiene. Gruber, Hex (Germany) 1882: Carbon Monoxide and Sulphurous Add Asphyziation with Respira tion Apparatus. Popper, (Germany) 1882: Text-book on Industrial fygiene. Robe, G. H. (United States) 1884: Hygiene of Occupations. Ireland, J.H. (United States) 1886: Preventable Causes of Disease. Injury and Death in American Manufacturing and Workshops. Arlidge, (England) 1892: Diseases of Occupation. Robert, (Germany) 189S: Text-book of Industrial Poisons. Lloyd, J. H. (England) 1895: Diseases of Occupation. Sanarelli & Trambusti, (Italy) 1895: Occupational Pathology and Hygiene. Albrecht, (Germany) 1896: Handbook of Practical Industrial Hygiene. Weyl, T. (Germany) 1897: Handbook of Industrial Hygiene. Sommerfeld, (Germany) 1898: Handbook of Practical Industrial Hygiene. Laudenheimer, R. (Germany) 1899: Carbon Bisulphide Poisoning in the Rubber Industry. DEVELOPMENTS IN THE HISTORY OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE 1910 - 1920 WORLD WAR PERIOD Period of rapid growth in Industrial Hygiene began following the War. I Publications Legge and Goadty: Lead Poisoning, London, 1912. Agasse-Lafont & Heim: Researches on Industrial Hygiene, Paris, 1912. Goldmark, J .t Fatigue and Efficiency, New lork City, 1912 Gilbreth, F. & F.: Fatigue Study, Hew York, 1912 Rambousek, J .: Industrial Poisoning, Prague, 1913. Munsterberg, Hugo: Psychology and Industrial Efficiency, Boston, 1913. Thompson, W. G.: Occupational Diseases, Hew York City, 1914 Price, George M.: Modern Factory, Hew York City, 1914 Collis, E. L.: Pneumoconiosis: Dust Diseases of the Lungs, Milroy Lectures, London, 1915 (Published 1919) Kober, G. U. and Hanson, V. C.: Diseases of Occupation and Vocational Hygiene (test-book), Philadelphia, 1916 (Revised by Kober and Bayhurst, 1924) Lee, Frederick S. (Columbia University): The Human Machine, New York, 1916 Wright, Florence S.: Industrial Nursing, New York, 1919. Hill, Leonard,: Science of Ventilation, British Medical Research Council, London, 1919. Mock, H. A Industrial Medicine end Surgery (text-book), Philadelphia, 1919. Journal of Industrial Hygiene (International Board of Editors), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 1919 (now published at Baltimore) Modern Medicine: Chicago (later Nation's Health, later combined with American Journal of Public Health, New York City, 1919. Hi* first assignment r.* n -.'tf S-rfeon w u to Ink* over the investigatenr of health condition in the lead and zinc mine in the Joplin. Missouri, district, which had been started by the PubMe Health Service but in 1914 were assumed by the Bureau of Mines. There eras an extraordinary prevalence of tuberculosis among the miners, and, accompanying it. was an underlying occupa tion) disease which they themselves recognized and labeled "miner' con." Doctor Lanza ex* mined the miners a t a clinic established for th a t purpose at nearby Webb City, and, with Edwin Higgins, Mining Engineer, made extensive studies of ventilation, temperatures, and dust conditions underground. His first report (with Higgins), published in 1915, covered the pulmo nary diseases among the miners and their rela tion to rock dust in the mines. His second, in 1917, was on "miners' consumption." And his third (with Harrington), in 1921, had speeia! reference to lung conditions in the Montana area. About the time Doctor Lanza began the Joplin studies, the Public Health Service established its Division of Industrial Hygiene, under Doctor Joseph Schereschcwsky, who, as bead of the Office of Field Investigations of Occupational Discssea, had just completed an exhaustive study of the health of garment workers in Kw York City. When World W ar I interrupted the mining investigations centering In Butte, Doctor Lanas waa assigned to the Laboratory Station in P itts burgh, under Seheroschewaky'g direction. Ho waa followed as Chief Surgeon of tho B u r n s of Mines by Doctor R. R. Sayers, who hod been associated with him in tho Joplin and Butte investigations. In January, 1911, Seboresebowsky was given charge of the USPHS Division of Scientific Research, and Doctor Lanza succeedad him as head of the Division of Industrial Hy giene. While the w ar continued, this Division's principal concern waa tho health of the workers in munitions plants and tho environment in which they lived and labored. In 1920, after thirteen years in the Public Health Service, Doctor Lanza resigned to become Medical Director of th e Hydraulic Steel Company, at Cleveland, Ohio. This was an unusual company. All its executives were young man -- none was over forty; and its labor relations and social and personnel policies went decadaa ahead of their time. Being tho head c.' its Medical Department was a comfortable job. B ut Destiny hadn't bean preparing this man for th a t kind of a Ufa. I t allowed him a year of it, and then tho Interna tional Health Board of the Rockefeller Founda tion, which had been arranging to sot up a Division of Industrial Hygiene in the National Health Service of Australia, offered him the position of Special Field Officer. Ho promptly ns .epted. and -- with Wilbur Sawyer wi,n .ilee ward became head of the International Health Board, and Frank Longley, Engineer -- cet rail for "down under." He waa stationed in Melbourne, the capital; his Chief waa Doctor H. L. Cumpetn, Director General of Health. Australia, however, waa not ready for industrial hygiene supervision on a national scale, and the undertaking resulted in not much of permanent value. The State of New South Wales established its own Industrial Hygiene Division, which is still active; but it took the exigencies of World W ar II to demon strate to the general economy the advantages of doing th* same. After a Util* more than three y e a n -- during which he had visited mines and factories in all parts ef the continent, seeing and learning, and had ventured a published com ment on his observations -- Doetor Lanza fett that he had accomplished all he could, notified the International Board, and returned to the United States. He waa thinking of going back into industry as a Medical Director -- net, how ever, for Hydraulic Steel, as it had lost it* identity in a merger -- when the opportunity to join Metropolitan Life Insurance Company as an Assistant Medical Director presented itself. He saya of th is; "Fortunately fo r me, I had the. good sens* to aceept," A t Metropolitan, together with the late Doctor Wade W right, he conducted a consultation serrico In industrial medicine and industrial hygiene for tho benefit o f the many concerns whose group Ufe insurance waa carried by hie coapeay. Among those who worked with him side hy eide throughout tho twenty-thru* y e a n ho waa with Metropolitan were J . Wra. Fehnel, experienced In industrial hygiene, and Doctor Wm. J , Me* Connell, quiet, capable possessor of vast wisdom in industrial medical mattars, freely shared when it would serve a need. The varieties of working conditions with which these men became familiar were aO th a t could bo imagined, and tho problem* they presented ran tbe gamut o f th* possible and sometimes nudges -he Impossible. A toondiscovered relation between the problems and the kind ef industry in which they occurred ted to tho inauguration e f industry-wide studies, and beginning with its survey of occupational pul monary distas* in th* asbestos industry, the Metropolitan group became distinguished fo r its industry-wide analyse* of tho hazards to health in foundries, potteries, chemical plants, the making of steel, and many ether kinds of work. In 1925 th* Metropolitan Life organization, together with the Mine Operators* Association, the Public Health Service, and the Bureau ef Mines brought about the establishment, at Pichtr, Oklahoma, i f the F iehtr Clinic for the further iartsUgstien of mine?*' diseases and M is tr ia l U r i i t i t ' emf Surgery rk:i.f . :.< ir, (he Trj-Stste area (Kan- **>>. Mix<ouri, Ol.'.zhpma). Two years later, a t age Cony, Dr. Leroy U. Gardner, already distin- ."ui.'V.ed ax a pathologist and authority on tuber* culoxls and pneumoconiosis, became Director of the Saranac Laboratory, a t Saranac Lake, New York, and thereafter, a t Doctor Lanza'a behest, he and hie Assistant Director, Donald Cummings, cave invaluable aid to the Picher Clinic in advice and counsel, and by way of scientific research that brought the Saranac Laboratory into en* during fame. Reports of the Picher enterprise are found in various governmental publications. Doctor Lanza and Doctor Gardner became tre a t friends, and each wat a sourct of inspiration to the other. Considering the unueual ability both possessed to inspire others in teneraL this was a high-voltage relation. The remerlceble eucceee of Doctor Gardner' Symposiums on Silicosis in bringing together seientictB end researchers from ah over the world owed much to Doctor Lanza'a cooperation, and reflected, to an extant, his international acquaintance among those who were interested in the pneumoconioses. During the 1930's Doctors Lanas and Gardner, together with Doctor R. R. Sayers, of the USPHS, who had suc ceeded Doctor Lanza as Chief Surgeon of the Bureau of Mints, were "a persuasive triumvir* ate** in widespread educational activities among medical and technical societies, industrial organ izations, and legislative groups, aimed a t bring ing about a bettor understanding of occupational diseases in their clinical ee well as th eir compen sation aspects. Doctor Gardner died in 194&, n t age 53, untimely taken in Ms brilliant prime. A t (he outbreak of World W ar II, Doctor Lanza, on leave from Metropolitan, was com missioned Lieutehant Colonel in the Office of the Surgeon General of the Army, and put in charge of the newly-created Division of Occupational Health. Prevanttve Medicine Service, under the direction of the late General Jam es S. Simmons, who afterward became Dean of the Harvard School of Public Health. This was an entirely new enterprise for the Army, and i t necessitated much reshaping of traditional attitudes regard ing the functions s f a military physician. Tbs Army quickly faaeamt owner of all types of manufacturing plants, and the operator of most of them, the others bring run by contractors. Doctor Lanza's Division waa concerned only with, the Army-operated plants, hu t these pro duced ordnance, airplanes, chemicals, clothing, food and food containers, munitions, quartermas ter supplies, end whatever rise the Army needed, and, at the peak of the w ar effort, employed more than a million people, about forty percent of them women. Here again Doctor Lanza had the benefit of the abilities and services of Doctor Wfl- June. 19Ci !;.nr McConnell, who wo* ehurg! with the re- .'r-nsibility of health euperviaion in the urdnancc plnnts. Under Doctor Lanza's Division of Oc cupational Health were the Army Industrial Hygiene Laboratory, first set up in the School of Publie Health a t Johns Hopkins, under the direction of the late Doctor Raymond Huxxey, end the Armored Force Medics) Research Labor atory a t Fort Knox, better known as the Tank Laboratory, a most successful enterprise headed by Doctor Willard Maehle. In 1942, Doctor Lanza was promoted to the rank of Colonel. When be left the Service three years later and returned to hie position at Metropolitan L ife he left to his successor, Colonel Leigh Cook, the well-organized indualrial medical program he had established in the Army. This has been continued, end for a long time has had Its counterparts in tha Navy and the Air F orce The Industrial Hygiene Laboratory be came the Environmental Hyriene Laboratory, located a t Edgewood, New Jersey. Doctor Lanza was awarded the Legion of M erit In 1947, Doctor Lanza was naked by New York University if he would be interested be organis ing an Institute of Industrial Medieine is its Pest Graduate Medical School. This he considered a challenge and an opportunity he could not re fuse, and so, throagh the cooperation of the University authorities and Metropolitan Life, i t was arranged th a t he would give half his time to each ustQ hie retirement from Metropolitan which, under Company regulations, would be due in 1949. A t th e sta rt the Institute was pert o f the Department e f Preventive Medicine, of which Professor Edward Meieuy was Chairman. A fter two year* It was eat up independently, with Doctor Lanza ae Director and Professor of Industrial Medicine. The Institute wee successful in bringing together as faculty members a young and enthusiastic group, both full-time and parttim e; and when Doctor Lanza, undar the Univtrsity's compulsory retirement system, retired in 1954 as Professor Emeritus he left It solidly established, with Doctor Norton Nelson ns its mbit and energetic Director, end Doctor David Goldstein, Medical Director o f The .Year York Tim et, its Professor of Industrie] Medicine. Although compulsory retirement age has over taken him tw ice-- a t 45 a t Metropolitan Life, end a t 70 a t New York University -- the third time is n o t yet, fo r now, a t 74, Doctor Lanza is atiD active, still interested, writing end editing within Ms Moved field. la addition to ether com mitments, he is Editor-In-Chief of the series of Modem Monographs in Industrial Medicine KGrune A Stratton) now appearing from time to time. One wishes he would pen the narrative of his long end varied experience. There it more 41? than the suggeMivr. of dram* in many of I.:* "catalyzer" episode*. Th*ir stories ill would be interesting, and some could have definite value, particularly those of hi contact* with the mili tary mind -- which knew nothing and cared leu alout industrial medicine, and couldn't conceive of <.n Army doctor in any other relation than aa serving troop*. What he did, and the fact that he did it, are history, but th* firathand account of /,<,(he did it could prove useful in many placet. iJih-tor Lnntb't thirteen year* in th* Public Health Service, lf'O7-lii20, coinciding aa they did with the years of induatrial medicine' moat rapid and intensive growth, brought him into contact with practically the whole range of its problems; and hi* investigative, analytical, and retentive mind stored up a s encyclopedic knowledge of their cauaee and solutions. This, as the years were to prove, was excellent scientific equipment for a long future as consultant The year or so aa Medical Director for Hydraulic Steel reinforced his practical .background, and his temperament and special abilities furnished all else that was needed to make th a t long future a successful on e Interestingly, it does not appear that such a future was th* one he sought -- there was even a period, ju s t a fter h it return from Australia and while he was in an advisory capacity with the Xatfonal Health Council, dur ing which th* comparative security of a Medical Directorship in industry seemed much more attractive. However, it we* the future for which be had been prepared and th* Guiding Hand that had led him thus fa r waa net to let him stray. Industrial medicine already had consul tant* -- Jn . surgery, diagnosis, toxicology, ad ministration^ m a r c h , occupational disease*, technique* in general. But, even so, there was the feeling that more were needed, although what for was only dimly seen. Tony Lanas'* emergence waa a sort of cumulative answer. I t was gradual, almost Imperceptible as It earn* to pass; the suc cessive needs he filled had a way of oeeming to appear tangible only a fte r he had met th eir demands, or quieted th eir latent threats. And so hit p rag m a toward th* eminence th a t 1* his was little noted a* it went along, and thus was unrecorded. And by th e time i t was realised tb it he had become * consultant of aoch abilities as gave new meaning to the term, it wa* much too late for timely memo* on how he got th at way. In review, however, and because there Is no alternative, something of a record may be at tempted from several objective sources. One of these sources i t the recollections of the many who have worked with him or have seen him in action. He wa* always a "team" worker; never a "cause" man, or crusader; never pro tagonist in any individualistic purely Lanas US enterprise. The m atter ir, h.-.t.d was his only concern; and his attitude toward it was objective, his interest in it proportional to its value in the development of industrial medicine, his treatment of it impersonal. In his contacts with organized medicine, grudgingly aware of the new profes sion growing in it* midst, and with industry, inlereated but unconvinced. He was the perfect listson. Unselfish, sincere, plain spoken -- sometime* almost blunt -- his presence was felt, even when HU part in what was going on was only the undramatic "passlvcnes* of a catalyst in the result." Granting the "eataiyser" rate, he gave it h it own distinction. Whether active or passive in the aetioa or reaction, he left something of himself in i t and added eomething to his own experience from i t He was too forceful to be present without the one; too sensitive to Wave without tho other. Th* influence of his personal ity waa almost tangibly and measurably a quiet palpable, centripetal force, impelling toward the center of whatever was in hand. AH this, throughout the years, built up a second source from which, with search and pa tience, the record aa to Tony Lanas'* place in the development o f industrial medicine may be con firmed. Thte consists of th* impressively Urge number of reference* to h in t Home about him, and comment* on his work th a t on* come* upon hi the literature o f industrial health, occupational disaaseo. and induatrial hygiene -- "comes upon" because they are not indexed and mostly they occur in identification with co-workers and as sociate*, o r with the subject of the text. Aa example b found in a reference to "a world re view and erahiattoo" of "Silicosis and Allied DUorders." On* reads: "This report waa prepared by th* (Industrial Hygiene) foundation's Medical Committee, under the leadership o f iU Chairman. Dr. A. 3. Lania. and 'brought together for the first time a practical summary of what waa known and remained to be learned about dust diMase*.' " Another occurs in connection with in dustrial medicine in Western Pennsylvania; he U named a* on* of four distinguished men who "figured prominently in its development." There are many similar allusions to hU part in what ever was going an. But much more numerous art such capsule encomiums aa: "pioneer in th* in vestigation of industrial dust hazards in the United States"; "distinguished fo r long and in structive experience in industrial hygiene" ; "leader in the development of industrial medicine in the United States and the world." Students of the published material oa occupational diseases and industrial hygiene encounter recognitions of tkU kind so frequently and in so many context* that they take them quite for granted a* fittingly phrased and properly placed. In the permanence /d*iriof .Vr airinr ta d Svrprty of the printed word, "A. J. Lanxa" if an often- met and much-respected name. A third source from which information about this man may be derived is the formal, indexed account of the books be has to his credit, the adrtfrcr he haa made, and the articles, reports, and technical paper* be has produced. The** are listed in several chronologies. Their texts con firm his distinction as indeed a pioneer in the investigation of dust diseases in general, and the identification of silicoais in particular. Hia books include SUicotit end Ashestost* (1958) -- "the still definitive book in this field" -- and ndtutriai H fg itn t (with Jacob Goldberg. 1339).The lim ine of hia articles and reports show* the second half of them published in 193S-S5 (the hist two in J-AJK.A.), after which It seem* that the "catalyzer" part of his work (raw into first attention. Hia continuine interest in eccapntlonal diseases, however, is evident frees hia organisation affiliations. He was a Treataa of the Trodeau Foundation, and of the Industrial Hygiene Foundation, and in the latter. Chairman of the Uedicai Committee. In tha New York Academy of Medicine he was Chairman of tha Committee on Industrial Health; in tha American Public Health Association, Chairman o f tha Com mittee an Pneumoconiosis; ia tha Amariean In stitute e f Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, member o tth e Committee an Haattb and Safety In >Iiaei';'^a'-the New York Tuberculosis and . Health-Auoeiation, Chairman e f tha Iaduatrial Hygiene' Committee. R a waa a member e f the VediealSnbcommUtee ef the Pennsylvania CommlMioaon'Compensation fo r Oecnpational Dis eases, .which mad* ita report in 1955, and a member o f tha Committee on Prevention of Silicoeisthroufh Medico) Control, aatahllahod by tha Secretary of Labor ia 1985. Tha Amariean Madieal -Shweeiatioa's Comma on Indaatrial Health,-asublishtd in late 1957, added him to its membership a yaar latar. If Umot mention It a t an, the keg-tim e chrooielea of industrial madicina aa doubt win eoesidtr It pore eoincideeee th a t tha middle thirties, when Doctor Lansa waa beginniagto be really effectira ia hia self-styled rale aa "eatalysar." aaw tha sta rt of a rvmarkahl* apsaadlnf out of iaduatrial madieal programs among industries of aD Undo. This was cleariy reflaetod ia tha npeurg* th at bacan about thea ia tha membership of tha indus trial physicians* association. Pram tha lowly 1955 total ef 557 -- survivor* of tha twenty-year dol drums ia which th e averts* had bean barely more -- the number of member* grew to seven times that many ten years later, and thea went aa to doable that ia tha next entuins tan. Tha eeooomie % infiuene than a t work win ba credited, of * course, but it ia within tha memory of many who lived in the thirties that there ere alxi the iiifii.- neci of powerful penonalities. and that tla-.- had so much to do with the happening* of the period -- in b if affaire and Hftle -- a* to make its truest history properly blcfriphy. Tuny l.-.n- sa was one of tham ; and the Knudsen Award, in* dustrial medicine's hishest honor, given him in 1945, was one of the ways his medical roUcngucs had of telling him, and tha world, that ih*v kiuw him to ba a a He was tha aevanth recipient of this Award. Tha citation stressed his leademhiii. Hut a "eatalysar" leader? Easily enough, when the leadership is less of leading than of being fol lowed. In this man's ease it was effectively that. Unmatched skill in unifying: a positive genius fo r enlistinr the aid and cooperation of tho.-e with whom he worked; the "with" that pervades the chronology of the thing! he accomplished; the results obtained, with the credit shared equally by all -- these characterized the many years ef days In which ha did "to the boat ef his ability" whatever fall to him to do. A t tha matting of tho Permanent Committee and International Association on Occupational Haalth on tha day preceding the official opening e f th e Thirteenth International Congress on Oc cupational Haalth, a t New York, July 25-20, 1950, Doctor Lanin, along with Doctor R. R. Sayers (United States) and Professor F. Koelsch (Germany), waa mad* an Honorary Member of the Permanent Committee. This brought to five the number e f Honorary Members, only W. R. X. X raneabarr (Holland) and Alice Hamilton (Ualtad States) being tha living holders of that distinction a t tha tim* e f tha meeting. And on July ST, 1950, a t a reception a t Xaw York Uni- v a n ity Madieal Center, Doctor Lanza -as the red plant of a New York University Presidential S ta tio n "fo r his leadership in the field of in- duetrial medicine and his aarvic* to the Univer sity." Soma thro* hundred e f h it colleagues, many e f tham dategala* to tha International Con gress on Occupational Health, attended the cere- a n y . A fter stating th at Doctor Lanza ia 1947 be came the first Director e f the University Medical Cantor's Iaatituts ef Industrial Medicine, and, in 1945, tha first Chairman of the newly-organized Department ef Industrial Msdida* ia ths NYU Pest Graduate Medical School the citation con tinued: "Throeghout hi* career Doctor Lanza's geidaae* has been sought by many. He has served aa adviser in indaatrial medicine to many indus tries and other organlist tons. . . . Behind any recital e f dates, title*, and geography are those quaiitim th a t help make tha aaaa those around him h are knows; tha warm understanding, the unfailingly percept!vs intellect, the unassailable integrity, and. 0*1 e f ail, the calm and steady wisdom." --A.D.CT June, u t i ilt I / ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1942 of THE INDUSTRIAL HEALTH SECTION ** * PL,.=rr -ORVETS During the year 1942, nearly twice as many surveys w.re conducted j s in 1941 The number of different industrial plants studied in 1942 was 53, f <is compared to 30 in 1941 As in 1941, firms engaged in manufacturing heavy I. metals comprise the major part of the studies, with ore mines second. The industries studied may be classified as followst Uetals 62.1$ Ore mines 1 5 .5 Coal mines 8 ,6 Asbestos plants ~Chemicals 1.8 vjuarriea 1.7 Wood 1.7 100.0$ j 8.6 ^ j The samples collected in the plants necessitated making 1,536 separate analyses in the laboratory. Analyses have also been mode, as in tho past, of materials shipped to the laboratory from plants of our Qroup policyholders. These tests were mostly for free and total silica. A number of materials used in our Home Office buildings has also been analyzed. In addition to the above surveys, the plants or offices of three policyholders were visited and advice given regarding hazards or medical service. Requests for plant surveys and information were received from Group .tolicyholders and others in a ll lines of industry. Tq give an iaea of the variety -2- tf'+l 'S of firms which request this service, the following tire some of the more importent firms -which we have served: Armstrong Cork Company- / Ruberole Co. Consolidated Gas Electric Light & Power Co Continentnl Baking Co. Pennsylvania Greyhound Lines Higgins Corp. American Viscose Corp. Atlns Powder Co. Idaho Maryland Gold Uine6 Corp. H.. Tc-lenhone Co. American Rolling Mill Co. Ctsnderd Oil Co. International Business .Machine Corp. Union Carbide Co. Briden Copper Co. American beating Co. Florida Power & Light Co. Humble Oil & Refining Co. Lewisburg Chair and Tennessee, Coal, Iron & R.R. Co. ' Furniture Co. Blackwell Zinc Co. Norton Company Republic Steel Corp. U.S. Leather Co. Kohler Co. Virginia Electric & Power a Marshall Field & Co. Caterpillar Tractor Co. Vickers, Inc. -- Johns-Manville Corp. National Enameling & Stamping Co. Baker fit Taylor Co. Montgomery Ward Co. Bell Telephone Laboratorie Bethlehem Steel Co. A.P. Green Fire Brick Co. Pendelton Ship lards N.Y. Employing Printern Norfolk St Western Railroad Assoc. Inc* General American Transportation Co. General Electric Co. Kimball Piano Co. Monarch Machine Tool Co. General Motors Corp. Asbestos Textile Corp. "-/'?-CH STUDIES Due to the increased number of requests for plant surveys resulting from the speed up in production, due to industry's victory effort, more routine T.ork has been loaded upon the laboratory. This additional work has le ft little time for research problems. The laboratory staff did design and construct a J new type of centrifugal pump which could operate on A.C. or D.C. current o f/ 110-220 volts. TRAVEL CREDIT ^ The amount of money expended for travel in the Industrial Health Section during 1912 amounted to $1507.57. However, of this amount $1017.63 was paid to us by the Group policyholder for expenses incurred by our men in the field while conducting plant surveys. Therefore, our total expenditure for travel for the year amounted to $459.94. ANNUAL REPORT INDUSTRIAL HEALTH SECTION 1946 The Laboratory of Industrial Hygiene conducted forty surveys of heolth .jonuLtlone in the plants of our Group policyholders. Althouch this ie a re duction in the nunber of plants surveyed last year, the individual plants surveyed were larger and employed a greater number of employaes. Also, the initiation of a very large project - the surveying of approximately one hun dred and twenty plants of the General Electric Company - as roll as surveys of soverul other companies could not he included in this year's schedule due to the transportation strikes which held up for weeks trunks containing equip ment and samples collected in the previous surveya. A typical plant survey report Includes a description of the procossoo, - plant construction and layout, plant housekeeping and personal facilities; discussion of methods of sampling end analyses} chemical analyses and other findings of the samples collected} and recommendations for control of any health and .safety hazards found. Attention la also celled to safety hazards. A section of the report discusses the health hazards found - symptoms, toxic concentrations, treatment, etc. The samples collected in the plants and sent to the Home Office Laboratory necessitated making 2,494-Separate analyses. Exclusive of such environmental factors as defective inadequate local and general ventilation, and sanitary defects, a total of 42 different substances known - 2- to affect ndveruoly tho health of expoood workero v;ua detected. These conoiatod of Uunts, ouch oa alllea (which in by far tho most prominent), aohontoa, lo/<dt Huinnnnoao; solvents, cueh aa carbon di.-iulnhldij, bitmoIitoroUitmo, trichlor uthiuia, triciilorcthylene, benzol, toluol, stlyl, methyl wul butyl aentato, /iniyl tjid othyl aootabo, naphtha, aa woll no hydrofluoric, hydrochloric, and sulfuric ccid3. A number of new Instruments were purchased for the Laboratory during the year in order to facilitate and expodite the survey work end to attain the best poosible accuracy in determining hazardous exposures. Those are a mercury vapor detector, a sound meter used to determine noise levels, and a Geiger-Uullar meter for measuring radiant energy. / / A ventilation engineer is now available for consultation in planning new //cntilation and exhaust systems or necessary revisions of those in use* Horn- Office Inspections The Industrial Health Section and the Laboratory of Industrial Hygieno has continued to male periodic sanitary and industrial hygiene inspections of the Commissary Division. Those inspections include methods of preservation of food, refrigeration, food handling and disposal, dish washing, vermin con trol and cleanliness generally. The office has also continued to ho of assistance in such work opera tions os point spraying, l ead aoldorlng, welding and other operations here solvents and toxio materials are employed throughout the building. 6 \ Another paper by Dr. McConnell entitled "Summary of Tv.-enty-Tv.-o Tri nitrotoluene Fatalities in World War XI* appeared in the May 1946 number of the "Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology". Coni*-' v -m ccs During tho yeor, Dr. Lunisa hold aixty-two coni'cix-neon incl Dr. McConnell held eighteen, in tho offico with representatives of our Group policyholders end others from health organisations. Field Trios Dr. Lansa visited tho plants of twelve of our Group policyholders end conferred with manegement regarding nursing service, poor claim experience oi' other matters of interest. Among policyholders visited were the Coming ulaso Company, the General Electric Company, the General Motors Corporation, / '/johns-Kcnville Company and the American LtFrance Ponmite Company. Dr. Lanza *~Liso ir.de thirty-six other field trips during the year for the purpose of ' conferring with the executive staffs of health organizations, Government lurecus, universities, other insurance companies, etc. regarding methods of improving the health of industrial employees. Some of the more important of these trips were for the following purposes! Re hod a conference with Dr. Dudley Irwin in Pittsburgh concern ing the future activities with respect to the aluminum treatment of silicosis. Hs visited a number of Group policyholders on the Pacific Coast during the first port of July when he attended the annual mat ing of the American Medical Association at San Francisco. nUf"V-rOf TOR1916 OF'"OKCOFINDUSTRIALHEALTHSIvCTIQU Surveys conducted by Industrial Hygiene Laboratory ............ y0 Anclyses made in Laboratory ..................................................... ....2,4-94 !lo.'.x- Office Inspections ................................ .............................. . 2 Travel Credit.................... ................. .................................... $2,405.26 Special inquiries handled by mail or conference .............. .................675 (An increase of approximately 1252 over 1945) Literature sent (Industrial Health Series) ............... ..................... 3,684 Publications completely revised ...................................................... 2 Publications slightly revised .............................. 1 LocPlate revised ...................................... ....... ............................. 2 Other publications written end published........................ .............. 3 Conferences in Home Office .................................................... ........ 80 Field visits to Groups........ ......................................................... . 14 Other field visits .................................................... ........... ......... 36 fiectinGs attended by staff .............. ............................................... 61 Dr. Lansa has been made a member of the Board of Trustees of the Trudeau Sanatorium end Foundation. A ventilation engineer is now available in the Laboratory of In dustrial Hygiene for consultation in planning new ventilation and exhaust systems and necessary revisions of those in rise. Y.'o have secured the services of another chemist in the Laboratory. The following ore a few of the more outstanding research jobs con ducted by the Laboratory. - 2- /M The Rochester Gag and Electric Company vies visited by ;,r. iv-hicl to uuul inc /vici cuporvlao a program for tho study of atmospheric du.-.tu (.ml gen .oUntloa, Tho company is planning to oroct n new ntcom elonfcvle rrurrntiivt .dti.l. which will take about two yearn to build. Tho HotropoliUm i,, to make studies each sea3on of the year of the normal dust counts tuid supervise tho duel', of the dust fa ll and sulfur dioxide concentrations in tho City of loci'oster before the erection of the plent. After completion of the plant nd Then i t is in production, we are to supervise check studies to see i f the plans causes any pollution of the air which will be detrimental to the health of people living is the vicinity of the plant. The Metropolitan was asked to uo this work by the Rochester Gas Company on the advice of the Republic dtecl Corporation for whom similar work has been done. A study was made of the possible exposure of employees to hydrogen .'lnoricle generated by tho addition of sodium fluoride to molten steel when pouring rim heat. The study was made over a prolonged period to datermino the extent of the exposure of employees before this method of making steel was nut into operation. Recently a strike was called at the Ford Motor Cowprjiy due to complaints of employees r&o had been exposed to the irritating fumes of hydrogen fluoride generated at a similar process. I t is interesting to note that before any new process is developed or any new materid s are used in the plants of the Republic Steel Corporation, the company requests the metropolitan to make a study to determine the existence of any possible health hazards. Teuto wore conducted on certain days of tho week for three consecutive ..ueks in the carding room of the Uenville, Now Jersey plant of the Johns- - 3- nvllla Corporation to determino the dust pollution tlurt could bn expected v.:;ci'. cnrdin;; and sninning four dlfforcnt mixtures of asbestos and cotton. Thi:, in cnotlier example of tests boinc mode 'ey the Industrial Hygiene Luborotosy of oontor.nlatod processes in the ploat3 of our Croup policyholders be fore boing nut in production to eliminate any potential health hazards. Triettoiene Glycol Study In certain areas in the now building (Unit 1) the air supplied to tha sections is treated 1 th triethylene glycol as a method of air sterilisation< v.'e have taken air samples in the sections with the impingers und absorption tubes ond made quantitative triethylene glycol determinations. Considerable rork -as dona in checking end adapting the analytical method used. By adapting a special filter, we were able to use our Electrophotometer in the analytical work in these determinations. The results of our study to date indicate that the concentration of triethylene glycol vapors in the atmosphere is not at the optimum quantity and, therefore, no positive rosuite are indicated nor can they bo expected until the trlathylane glyool concentration ia increased until i t reaches the bactericidal or killing range. A.P.Green Fir e Brick Co. M E X I C O , M I S S O U R I U .8.A . MANUfACTUMet OP A COMRICTC UNI July 11, 193 Dr. I. J. UoConnell, Assistant Medical Director, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York City, N. *. Sear Dr. McConnell: Upon my return from my vacation I found, your le t t e r of June 17 and the report o f the survey which was made o f our. plant th is spring. I want to express the appreciation of our Company for this very splendid report, which will he of great value to us in correotlng any hazardous dust conditions. I am glad to advise that we are now in stalling what we consider -to be a very complete as well as efficient dust eolleotlng unit in the Tunnel Kiln Grinding Department* The report will be most useful as a guide in carrying on this work in other parts of the plant. 1 oonsider that we are very fortunate in that through our group Insurance connection with the-Metropolitan we have been able to get the benefit of one of these sur veys. *C3taley/eo Yours very truly, A. P. GREEN FIRE BRICE COMPANY / 'f - >. E. c Assistant Treasurer. Industrial Health Section . December 1937 Industrial Hygiene Laboratory Surveys of the following plants were made during the month by members of the Laboratory staff; Northern wire Division Uniontown, Pennsylvania W. & G. Taylor Go. Cumberland, Maryland Union Drawn Steel Co. Beaver f a lls , Pennsylvania Republic Steel Corporation The plant of Yf. D. Byron & Sons, Williamsport, Maryland, was visited and inspected for the purpose of determining the cause of the poor claim experience. Laboratory analyses of samples collected in the following plants of the Republic Steel Corporation were made during the month: Korthern wire Division Uniontown, Pennsylvania Kiles Plant Miles, Ohio Warren Plant Warren, Ohio Mew dre ills South Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Union Drawn Steel Co. Massillon, Ohio K. & G. Taylor Co. Cumberland, Maryland During December, 33 analyses were made for zinc, sulphuric acid, silica, lead, ammonia, para-dichlorbenzene, calcium carbonate, tax, and solvents. Reports of the surveys made in the following plants were completed and 'sent to the company representatives; Warren Plant Warren, Ohio Union Drawn Steel Co Massillon, Ohio Republic Steel Corporation 2 Home Office Conditions Samples of 36 cleaning materials used by members of 'the Home Office Building Department were received in the Laboratory for analysis. Inausirial Realm section During December, 6 requests for information on the various phases of the subject of industrial hygiene were received and answered. Groups Republic Steel Corporation Niles Plant Niles, Ohio The report of the survey conducted in this plant was completed and sent to Ur. J. A. Voss, Director of Industrial Relations. The survey showed the presence of ' sulfuric- acid fumes in the air surrounding several operations. Otherwise the air was not found to contain dangerous concentrations of dust. - Republic Steel Corporation Warren Plant Warren, Ohio The report of the survey conducted in this plant was completed and sent to Ur. J. A. Voss. Republic Steel Corporation Union Drawn Sttel Co. Massillon, Ohio The report of the survey made in this plant was completed and sent to Ur. J. A. Voss. The working conditions in the plant were considered to be good and no health hazards are believed to exist. W. D. Byron & Sons Williamsport, Maryland This plant was visited and inspected for the purpose of determining the cause of the poor claim experience. The processes do not involve any hazard except for one where lacquer spraying is done. There are a number of elderly men employed which .undoubtedly accounts for the number of claims due to heart disease. West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company New Tork, N. I . Mr, J. W, Towsen, Personnel Manager, wrote saying that his company is planning set up medical services throughout their various branches. Before any plans can be laid, the number of employees, and the policy of the company regarding the extent of the medical services to be administered must be considered. Described the functions of a medical service, and sent a copy of our booklet "Physical Examinations in Industry* and the physical examination form which is recommended for use in small industrial plants. 3 Dunbar Glass Gorp. Dunbar, Vrest Virginia Mr. Payne, General manager, wrote to Supervisor Jones oi Clarksburg, Viest < Virginia, asking for inforaation on establishing a system of physical examinations among their employees. Letter was referred here for answer. Plans for introducing physical examinations in a plant, methods of conducting them, and a follow-up system were described. St. Joseph Lead Company New York, N. I. mr. Andrew Fletcher, Vice-President and Treasurer, visited the office bringing with him X-ray films.of thirty-eight of their employees at Edwards, New York, for reading and interpretation. Johns-Manville New York, N. Y. ^ During the year, 1025 X-ray films of the chests of employees of the Asbestos, <iuebee, Plant were read and interpreted in this office. This report was sent to Mr. Vandiver Brown, Attorney, at the New York City office. Pangborn Corporation Hagerstown, Maryland Mr. Stern visited the office with Mr. Barrett of our Policyholders Service Bureau. The services available through this Section were explained, and he was shown through the Laboratory. International Nickel Co. New York, N. Y. Mr. Brady visited the office with r. Duncan of the Group Division. Discussed different phases of silicosis and some of the solvents used in industry. He was shown through the Laboratory. Kon-policvholera Dr. Arthur B. Bobbins Bureau of Tuberculosis New York City Department of Health New York, N. I . Requested information on the health hazards of the fur cutting industry. He wa especially interested in the incidence of tuberculosis in this industry. Sent informati on mercury poisoning among fur cutters, and sent references to literature on the occarren of respiratory diseases. A Miss dele E. Yoe, Health Educator City Department of Health Louisville, Kentucky 4 At her request, sent information on health education plans in industry. Textile Products Industries Chicago, Illin o is Mr. Glimm of our Chicago Group Office asked that information on writer's cramp he sent to Mr. Kasmark of the above company. Described the condition, the causative factors, and remedial measures. The Quaker Oats Co. Chicago, Illin ois Mr. E. F. Terras, Assistant Treasurer, asked that their procedure for making physical examinations be reviewed. After reviewing i t , made a number of suggestions. Crucible Sttel Co. Hew York, H. Y. Mr. C. B. Avery telephoned for information on the urine sulfate test for determining benzene exposure. Described method of analysis given in a report of the Bureau of Mines along'with the results of their studies, and the references to them. Western Electric Co* Chicago, Illinois Dr. F. L. Smith, Medical Director, requested information on the vaccine treatmen of colds. Sent a bibliography on vaccine prophylaxis of common colds, and referred him to industrial physicians who have been experimenting with vaccines among their..employees. Globe Indemnity Co. Hew York, H. Y. Ur. G. Watts requested information on the nature of dust created by glass grinding and polishing operations. - He elso asked for data on the toxicity of fused s ilic a . Sent this information. Standard Oil Company of Mew Jersey Hew York, N. Y. Mr. Hoy S. Bonsib, Chief Safety Inspector, requested information on the treatment of eye burns due to electric ophthalmia. Described the treatment and referred him to a good source of information. Later in the month, sent to him,at his request, information on tricresyl phosphate. Described symptoms of poisoning, and gave the toxic doses which have been determined through animal experimentation. 5 Dr. May R. Mayers Division of Industrial Hygiene New York State Department of Labor Hew York, H. I . 'J ( Requested references on cancer of the bladder due to aniline. Sent the S ta tistica l Division's monograph on cancer and made a bibliography. Mr. Donald C. Scott Springfield^ Massachusetts Came to the office for references on organic dusts, especially jute dust. Gave him our regular publications and a l i s t of references on organic dusts. - Travelers Insurance Co. Mew York, N. I . A representative telephoned for information on air conditioning. His company has a claim for sinus trouble said to be due to air conditioning, and he wanted references relating to this. Hr. Clyde ft.. Place Mew York, N. Y. Mr. Place is an air conditioning engineer who asked Dr. McConnell to investigate the air conditioning system of the East River Savings Bank. Dr. McConnell made an investigation and sent a report to Mr. Place. Mr. A. L. Clarke Marchant Calculating Machine Co. Oakland, California Requested information regarding a solvent called Blacosolv. Bl&cosolv is a trade name for trichlorethylene. Referred him to an article which appeared in a recent issue of the Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology which discusses the toxicity of trichlorethylene. Mr. Herman Den Canton, Mississippi Mr. Dean is an attorney who is preparing a silico sis case and he asked i f Dr. McConnell would te s tify for him. Explained that this is impossible and suggested other industrial physicians who are in a position to do so. Dr. L. R. Hazzard Portsmouth, Mew Hampshire Asked for information on the toxic effects of fumes given off by fluxes during welding operations. The kind of fumes would depend upon the composition of the fluxes, which varies greatly. Listed references. 6 Requests for information on the following subjects were also received and answered: Hospitalization fa c ilitie s in Georgia Sprains as they occur in industry Health education Physical examinations in industry Silicosis and other dust diseases Air conditioning in hones Foot trouble Arthritis Coronary thrombosis Value of good plumbing Effect of household dust on health Hernia Metropolitan Mr. Dunlap Actuarial Division A report of Mr. Fehnel's v i s it to the Vf. D. Byron & Sons plant at Williamsport, Maryland, was sent to Ur. Dunlap. Ur. Walling Premium Receipt Division Brought a sample of an abrasive powder to the Laboratory for analyzing'. Miss Williamson Welfare Division Reviewed manuscript of "Multiple Aspects of Growth" which was prepared for publication in a forthcoming issue of the Teacher's 'Bulletin. Ur. McConahay . Home Office Service A study of the illumination in the Premium Receipts Division was made with recommendations for improvement. Dr. Armstrong' Welfare Division At his request, prepared a letter on "state medicine". Ur. Vane Statistical Division Sent information on weight-lifting and the maximum loads for man-handling. Mr. Perry Group Sales Division Sent information on the health hazards of radio manufacturing. 7 Interviews Mr. Carruthers, Editor Safety Engineering New York, N. Y. . i " < Called at office to discuss the purpose of the new Bureau of Hygiene of the City of New lork. Mr. J. J. Bloomfield Passed Assistant Sanitary Engineer 0. S. Public Health Service Washington, D.C. Mr. Bloomfield is Chairman of the Industrial Hygiene Section of the American Public Health Association, and he called to discuss the work of the Section for the year. Mrs. Furst New York, N. Y. Mrs. Furst is an assistant to Dr. Leopold Brahdy of this city . She came to the office for references on industrial fatigue in connection with the speed-up systems used. A young chemist from fiochester, New Xork, came to the office for information on lead and arsenic poisoning from sprayed apples. Publications The booklet "Health Protection of fielders" is about ready for reprinting, and revision of some portions of the text has been started. The Industrial Health Section is compiling a catalog of trade names of the chemicals which are being used in industry. The information gathered in this catalog is available to members of the Welfare Division whenever they wish i t . Literature During December, 280 pieces of literature were sent out from this office, and 100 pieces were sent out through Welfare Division order. Letters Incoming 211 Outgoings 120 Director, Industrial Health Section * is 9> // .-tf# Av &Hu> lF -l 7 V* nr' /if..*T Dr. G. la. hbeatley Assistant Medical Director Medical Division 2 RE: Johnson^ C.-coanv - 43 G / 0*{.nd <lACstt**'e ' Z.1^ Q jj+ c As you requested, I an sending a l i s t of claims on this group, ^ / sho7,ina, among other things, the age at death and the date of ` '.f t v w a death. This group ia operated from the Canadain Head Office. "J>' ,^ / t - x1 This group was written in 1929 at T + i2 vhich has been the rate ever since. Hot;ever, the rate is to be increased to T + $5 as of the reneTal date, July 1, 1944. N* V June 23, 1944 ' GM/ch Group Life & Health Record' Section Actuarial Division '^*et* l;v $ / s.. GROUP GROUP NUMBER f 3 - 0 2 C LIFE CLAIM S. sam e of group jokjoon' s 4-6-41 ccl;>.:.t X ajm CJMBER Serial N umber - Date &&> Ace Ty p e ) OF | -Dw j m I C ause of D eath or D isability i - *f` S ' H** .TO. 3-31-44 Amount Remarks 2148 73 5-o-41 49 )TE. Tuberculosis 2247 2251 479 1 --26--41 54 1) Arterio sclerosis 322 2-o-41 77 M Disease of Coronary Arteries 2252 726 _ L2-o-4l 34 II Pulmonary Tuberculosis 2297 515 3-2-42 74 tt Accident 2312 1573 3-13-42 2b n Accident 2332 1378 58 n Sypkillis 2341 86 5-12-42 60 IV Acute Peritonitis 2342 1384 31 n 238 966 8-28-42 54 n T. B. of respiratory systen Asystolie 2400 1390 9-25-42 24 n Pulmonary Tuberculosis 2456 143 1-11-43 64 tt Cancer 253o 1159 5-21-43 24 ti Tuberculosis Cachexia 2573 433 7-0-43 64 n Dis. of byocardtua 2589 947 8-18-43 31 n Tuberculosis 2590 2609 2700 481 8-18--43 52 it Pulmonary Tuberculosis 785 9-21-43 34 n T. B. of respiratory system 523 2--1--44 63 m Pneumonia 2702 153 2-2-44 65 tt Arterio Sclerosis 2708 1888 2-7-44 63 ti Heart attack 2714. * 571 2-14-44 65 H Heart trouble C 2,000 1,000 3,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 413 1,000 783 1,000 1,000 2,000 352 2,000 1,000 2,000 489 1,0 0 0 2,000 1,0 0 0 1,0 0 0 V 27/ TOTAL DEATH PAID 187 4-19-44 48 DTK Die* Coronary Arteries $ 26,037 5,000 i i Pend, asof 3-31-44 Form ACT.A7--Aw. lK W n TM - - 1 . Actuarial Division GROUP L IFE CLAIMS. GBOUP NUMBER MAKE or osour 3 - G 2 JOEKSCii' S CGLPARY CLAIM Number Serial Number tamos Type AjQB op <Xaim C ause of D eath or Disabiutt 616 a . t54 664 696 699 710 711 711 13 SI 785 1037 1397 1159 128 293 1693 1540 -12-41 30 DIS. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 5-4-42 32 fl Pulmonary Tuberculosis 5-21-42 23 It b--31--42 36 0 Pulmonary Tuberculosis Pulmonary' Tuberculosis 3-17-43 23 n Pulmonary Tuberculosis 4-2-43 56 ti Pulmonary Tuberculosis 5-26-43 70 5-31-43 18 n Right hemiplegia 6 caudio _rer.a] disease tt ' ulnonary Tuberculosis 3-2044 18 tf Tuberculosis TOTAL USABILITY PAID TOTAL USABILITY PRIDING B i a*'* .TO. 3-31-44 Amount Remarks i 217 521 663 1,000 248 1,000 1,000 1,000 1 ,000. DDC DC 1 DDC DDC " * C 6,539 $3,000 - . - t c CEOitifippe Kt "inirui -irct-Tccr Urtrc Trc-zits for Group L ife Ic-uronco on .. co. `.<0 rillin g ^1. r** r,i! .n-1 - M e Thio i l i sake recorr of o cscferercc ir. f r . K. J . Trae* 6 office o:. October fO, 1946 ccncorriirg the in 115trin i hntar ir. the orbestoa ir. ustry* Prooc-1 core 2r . 7t end r* J . ti'.lia n Fehitel, firocior c f Ir. h strici Hygine Laborstoxy i r Field Sorvice, end th undersigned. After ccr.sicureti.T of the cebc-tor ir.rcstr- ir ;rcrcl, end burri on :`r. Febrei*3 report to 2r* Perry vith rccpoct to iho T-.mar & reseli Ccr.pwyt "ortrsel, v.:oboc, Conude, er.J t.vp.*i<rw".tod ? o ve diMJtcsirsn with Kr* Fehnol, Kr* jtorfi ** ^es9^'l hero -orbing or other coll ii itone ; InnuPbReo, iif that the fi Turner h r: Fa*Il CihmopaRle*sacoi*n.l'risbtne-acfcoerrt-.av=rpaooeeeofr tsGerrohu-prdLife risk --ithont ter ettre pronit required for ir.strici teatri::. Ccnciiurctiono s .ich roeptad tLis conclusion screi 1 There erti no bfccV.lo,; o f eShe- tosifl ctvea 3ir.ct. ihu c..slcy<<r i_ follow ing the p r e c tic e .o f r,ot h irin g cryo;* -*ho *-. fcre^rly cr.ploye*3 in thr. erbestoc industry ox/c^r other in .cstr.- in vhlch there le e :.v.tthacard* Tha duct count in the pieni till tu `ell V.low the threshold si -.ich the beceri ectuelly >egir.* t>* exist* 2r* Pah tl ensured uothf t ir. Uia opinion there **# no cebo.tee hazard in tViz plant* 8* Chest I - r e p of the eepleyees sre Uker both s t the originel hiring r.nd e t frepjont intervals th*srftor* Hr* Fehncl told oc t V t euch Z-rcyc ere taken by a nobile tn it shich is brought right ir.to the plant end i t i c not nooeee&iy for the ospley ec t - eithar talca tine o ff fror. vori: or to v.iku try trip in ord*r to veil thacsoelvea of the I-rt^ cu ir.-, tiers as co-ronly occurs i s an eib ittos plant in this ecu:try* 4 The crploycr ce starting out in this plant very auch a^cre of the potentiel hasard end bed taka:, active steo t.- elisir.'-te it* d\ r\\ ih S* Our experience ers aiiybesto^-Sfudsetter. fer the Life rertier. lo o t 10 7*0 jeers t T ratea bar Leen astlrfectocy* 6* Dr* heConncll csa: roi "r. Tuvo thr ir. ih*ir rtu i*.' c* fhe to* cs-*<we ir *his cour.try, hici: vert: ha bas h*en oint* 'or `ho eset tthroertt *liyeeecrass,osththyephl*vvo.t;nOet*bwveorl tblc to shoping fini esy ce cusop e progression* uvclosing end et *7* rate Th"eeresfiolriefeixlehevietbetchie-tVcie - tToor`.ino*",etattehITnrsrurravnrc&e Fuseli Cv~ r-r*T Departan: t e cn-ingv ir. ths classification of aubeatos nllllrg al senufactcrc of seb'.stos cori and feerie freo the c '.id^aue extra of $ to haier to Hoc Cffice". - 2- I t is intended that the T rate rill only b eersidt-red for esses rhich are select in every respect and hich measure up to the strict requirements of the Tomer & Newoll Company case, and that for other cases there v i l l be an extra preniun of $2 or aiore. October 21, 1948 SST/eh W, 5. Tfconae Group Aetnarial Division iS. . H. ?i*B2 hhGIOKAL 3/1,13 rU iC h l & fi 0 il A li D U H O ctober 13, 1948 He: T urner t e l a l i Co=pasy Lontre J . , P .Q ., C alala I/.r. il. ?.. P e r r y , l e s io n a i 3H .es L tn a g e r, H r. Cordon P f e if f e r , Group Super v i s o r , and 1 aade a v i s u J . su rv e y o f t a i s p l a n t on T u ssia y a fte rn o o n , O cto b er 12, imo * * * * >.fc iict h r . J a c k s o n , P r e s i d e n t , vho in tro d u c e d us to H r- A nderson. H r. r.tid-.TSGTi co n d u cted u s th ro u g h th e p l a n t and th ro u g h h is c o n v e rs a tio n showed t h a t h= v.us l o r d l i e r "..ut.-i t h e .ai-ny d e t a i l s o f th e p l a n t o ro c c s s e s . < The puant is housed in a o n e-sto ry reinforced concrete building r i t h m onitor type ro o f, osy-.ignis provide e x c e lle n t naoural illum ination ch ile a r tif ic ia l iliu n in u tio n i s provided by p ro j rly hung and spaced flu o re sc e n t type ian p s. i. The f lo o r i s cf^co.ncrcte and n as an urc.a o f t.r, a c re s. Tne te x tile aepartsrrnt i s p a rtitio n e d o ff iro n th e r e s t o f the processes. The nancfacturing operations counrise: jl. l e z t U e s m a . C arling b. lli:ig fra r.6 , sp in n in g , and tw istin g c. sp o o lin g . d . heaving o f ta p e , braaie band n o ta r ia l and c lo th -* 2 . S.anufacturs o f magnesia in s u la tic n a . C u:c,airiu o. b . H iaiup o f a sb e sto s f ib r e and i. .gne-sia '..its v.ater c . lie s .. pressure forcing of pipe coverings a . S l i t t i n g nr.J c u ttin g to le n g th e . l 'ucka."i:,p f o r sh ip .-in g 3 - l.d n u fa o tsre o f a.olden sra.-.e lin in g ^ a . Weighing' and m ixing of a sb e sto s f ib e r s a* " . ' b . D is in te g ra tin g n ix in g ar.d b u y in g - C. l.ix lr.g v ita b in d ers and so lv e n ts d . 'S tatus p resa form ing of brake bands . e . G rin d in g , d r i l l i n g , and f in is h in g o f b & lc bands f . Packaging of brake reads fo r srlp n en t 4 . A sbestos cement manufacture T h is p ro c e ss i s n o t in pro-ruction. The Machinery i s being in s ta lle d . ' Tne p ro cess v i l l ^rod.ee a v e t re fra c to ry or in su la tin g cement. - 1 . T e x tile Department T h is d ep artm en t im3 a m echanical hum idifying sy ste n i n v h ich hu m id ified a i r a s d i s t r i b u t e d t o th e room th ro u g h d u c ts . A ir i s s i t h i r a v n from th e room, p assed th ro u g h t h e b ag l i a t e r s and r e c i r c u l a te d t o th e room d u rin g th e w in te r m onths i n o r d e r t o c o n se rv e h e a t . D u rin g ^ th e summer months th e m~r i s d isc h a rg e d t o th e outside atm osphere. * C otton i s opened by p a s s in g i t through a p ic k e r in a room se p a ra te d from th e t e x t i l e d ep artm en t. The opened co tto n i s mixed r.ith asb esto s f ib e r ofPthe f lo o r o f a balcony a t one end of th e departm ent. ' r A g arn et machine and a h a ste yarn chopper are used to reclaim r.aste m a te ria ls. These machines a re e f f ic ie n tly hooded and exhausted. The c a rd in g nuchimc-3 a r e hooded and ex h a u ste d to p re v e n t th e d is p e rs io n o f d u st. _lio d u s t c o n t r o l m easu res a r e a p p lie d t o th e s p in n in g , t r i s t i n g , and sp o o lin g m achines and v is u a lly no dust, o f any consequence, i s generated by th ese m achines. ^ mxhaust is applied to the loon3 and in some instances the T.arp is passed under a rater spray. Ko "doped" b ra k e band l i n i n g i s v>cven i n t h i s d ep artm en t. T h is i s o f extrem e im portance in ev alu a tin g th e h e a lth hazards associated r ith the m anufacturing op eratio n s in th i s departm ent because the "dope" m aterial u su ally contains lead compounds and h arm fu l s o lv e n ts . The "dope" i s ap p lied by p assin g th e marp through a pan o f th e m a t e r i a l . N a t u r a l l y s o lv e n t v a p o rs and le a d compound b e a rin g d u s ts a re d is p e r s e d i n t o t h e r o r k room a tm o sp h ere. I n many reav e rooms o f t e x t i l e d e p artm en ts, a g re a te r p o te n tia l le a d hazard than an a sb esto sis hazard m s found. 2 . Lienufactura o f 'agnesia In s u la tio n - The c a lc in in g o f magnesium carbonate (dolom ite) i s done in a ro ta ry k iln in a s e p a ra te room. The r e s t o f th e p ro cesses a re v.et and d u st d isp e rsio n i s n e g lig ib le . .. . Any m a t e r i a l s p a t t e r e d upon th e f l o o r i s mashed horn a f l o o r d r a in so th e d ry in g o u t and d i s p e r s i o n o f th e d r i e d m - t e r i J . , a s d u s t , i s k e p t t o a minimum. The form ed p ip e i n s u l a t i o n i s s l i t and c u t to le n g th on c i r c u l a r earns t h a t a re T .e li exhausted. ^ 3 . K anufecutre o f molded Brake L ining The w e ig h in g , b a tc h m ir in g , ar.d bagging o f a s b e s to s f i b e r g e n e ra te s some d u s t a t th e p r e n t tim e. Although exhaust is 'tp p lie d to th ese o p erations, to prevent th e d isp e rsio n o f d u s t, th e system i s not com plete. U n til such time th a t the e x h a u st system i s f u l l y in s t a l l e d , r e s p ir a to r s a re fu rn ish ed to employees ro rk in g | * a t th ese o p e ra tio n s. The a sb e sto s f i b e r i s mixed ?.ith binders and petroleum naphtha in a hooded and exhausted ch aser. <sr >@" !@" !@" !@" !@ I ir - 3- W- T h e b l e n d e d n i x i s t h e n p i t i n t o a u t o c l a v e s tc c o u p l e t s tr.e s o l u t i o n oi' the binders, and i s t h e n u o . u e d o n ste_r. p r e s s e s u t e r v,idcn i t i s s i z e d o n rir.dirs e n d finally dulled for the rivet holes. c T h e rinding operations are efficiently exnausted. A. Asbestos Cerent kanufacture Tills p r o c e s s i s r.ot i n p r e d u c t i o n a t t his tir.e. T h e t y p e o f m a c h i n e r y i n s t a l l e d a n d t h e f a c t trait a n e t t/se o f c-.:c i i s tr.ade i n d i c a t e t h a t t h e d o s t p r o d u c t i o n v.iil be k e p t t o a r i n i s i n . i:e d i c a l S e r v i c e s A t e l l e q u i p p e d h o s p i t a l s t a f f e d b y a f u l l - t i n s r.urse a n d a ..art-tie.c- .hprsiclat is maintained. & T h e m e d i c a l i.royran i n c l u d e s a p r e a e d i c a l exnsir.ution i n c l u d i n g a ci.^st !-r..y o f a l l e m p l o y e e s . P e r i o d i c p h y s i c a l cna-i.inatior.s ir,dialing c h e s t a-rc-i's a r e p l ^ n ::a f o r a i l ezipiloytres o n f e e b a s i s o f t h r e e m o n t h s , si:-: m o n t h s , a n d o n e y e a r , c c q n a d r n y o n t h e uogre-a cf d u s t e x p o s u r e af""tne e s p l cyco. h o ar.plicanto f r e n competitive . a s b e s t o s i n d u s t r i e s o r t h e s e a f f l i c t e d T.ith ar\y r e s p i r a t o r y d i s r a t e s are a c c o ^ t - d . Con elusions F a c t o r y L a y o u t a n d '.`vinaf. . d u r i n g P r o c e s s e s T n i s i s u n a o u c t c a i y t h e c o s t u o s e r n a n d b e s t l a i d o u t p-i_nt on the A m e r i c a n continent. Potential Health Hazards The "eneration an d d i s p e r s i o n cf all ty cs cf dust ^rc .yt to a ainiuus by t y p e s o f nschir.es c o n s t r u c t e d s o a s t o pin- r - t c a r i n i n u n c f o u s t a n d by a s c i e n t i f i c a p p l i c a t i o n o f e x h a u s t h o o d s t o p o i n t s o f d u s t e n e r a t i c n . i-o p o t e n t i a l n r a l t h h a z a r d s o t h e r t h a n a minis, urn o f a s b e s t o s d u s t o;:-o_ure v.ere four.i. Peco-sendatiens O n i h e b a s i s of o b s e r v a t i o n s u v l e cf t h e n-.dic_I s e t u p ai.i sar.ufacturi.nj o _rra t i o n s i n t h i s p l a n t , i n c o r . p a r i s o n r i t h t h e e x p e r i e n c e pair.cd ir. s u r v e y i n g sir.iiar p l a n t s d u r i n g t h e ..ust t v e u i y y e a r s , I v o u l u recoa.cr.d t a a t t h e G r o u p d i v i s i o n a:' tho M e t r o p o l i t a n L i f e I n s u r a n c e C o i p a n y r a n t tr.is c c s s a n y a pPi-feerrrru.d r a t i n g ir. cuotinn--p any f o m s of roup insurance. _ ,, \j ^ [; M w \ L h i i j J L V n . r-s-hr.cl, V j r e c t o r I n d u s t r i a l rpqpidnc L a b o r a t o r y ar.u F i e l d NEW YORK UNIVERSITY-BELLEVUE MEDICAL CENTER OF NEW YORK UNIVERSITY IN STITU TE OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE 325 EAST 38TH STREE1 NEW YORK 16. N.Y. April 12, 1951 Umlmi M nni 477 FIRST AVENUE. NEW YORK 16, N.Y. MURRAY HIU. 9-1580 Sr. Laona Bauagartaar Coanissionar Department of lealth City of law Iork 125 Vorth Strati lav lork, lav fork Saar Doctor Baumgertaeri I taka plaaaora in aaolaelng a -- grandini which apaaka for ltaalf. The coaplaxitiaa aa wall aa tha desirability of eefcabliahiag labeling procedures ara apparent and it ia our hopa that thia aeaorandun nay be the baaia for affactira and unified action. Ylth beat regarda and boat vichee, I an, Sincerely youra, A. J. Intfta, M.B. Chairaaa IJLilo Institute of Industrial Medicina CCi C o m i alonar J. Trichter 51. Ct Mr. Sloeun Mr. Bowdltch Dr. Vhaetlejr m TYORK ONIVSRSITY-BELLETOE MEDICAL OERTER of Sew York University INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL KEDICISE 325 East 38th Street tiew York 161 N. Y. April 12, 1954 MUrray S ill 9-1580 Maiiiao Address: 177 First Ave Hew York 16, MEMORANDUM TO; Dr. Leona Baumgartner Commissioner Hew Yoric City Department of Health This memorandum has been authorized by the 3ev York Faint, Varnish and Lacquer Association and is subaittea at their request for your considera tion. During the last few years an increasing amount c f attention. has boon attracted to the problem of lead poisoning among -1*1 ' children. Various studies and reports on this situation have been made, particularly in the cities of Baltimore, Soston and elseuhere. The general picture that has emerged from these studies and investigations is that snail children, par ticularly during the summer months, tend to eat the paint that flakes off railings, verandas and walls in properties that have been allowed to run down and which are occupied by the lowest income group families. This situation causes concern to the public health authorities, par ticularly of our larger industrial citie s. The paint industry is also tharougiily conversant with this situation, .shares this concern and is anxious to cooperate in every possible way with the cablic health authorities in steps that say 09 effective in tha prevention of lead poisoning among children. The American Standards Association has appointed a subcommittee 266 to consider labeling of coatings and i t can be stated that the work cf this sub committee is being prosecuted with gratifying speed. I t is expected that this committee w ill report at an early date on standard labels for paints suitable for interiors, furniture and toys. This w ill enable the paint manufacturers to submit these labels to the health authorities with the assurance that they w ill meet the needs of any child health situation where special labeling is indicated. For seme considerable time, lead paints have not been used by manu facturers of children's toys, cribs and other furniture designed for use by small children. The above committee, in which paint manufacturers aad health authorities are represented, has as one of its objectives the elimination of more than a amount of lead and other toxic ingredients from interior paints. Lead-containing paints are used for outside painting where the paint is exposed to the weather. DR. L30S BAUMGARTNER \pril 1 2 , 1954. PAGE TWO As one of the basic neass ex' prevention, i t has been advocated b7 .-.eoith authorities that containers of paint, i f lead i 3 an ingredient, bs . labeled vith a warning label. It is apparent that susn a procedure will be uf r,o avail as far as the fsullies are ccacerned who continue to live in old, un-down and decrepit prparties. In this situation, other reaediee mist be sought. The paint industry is strongly opposed to the eaactnsnt of varying labeling regulations by individual gevernaeatai agencies, since i t is obvious that i f various jurisdictions anact differing local regulations for labeling, the utmost confusion w ill ensue, together with inordinate expenses occasioned oy the variations in labels as between localities. This would also cause extreme confusion in th'j handling ox' paint containers through jobbers and ciis.ributing houses. The pr'-cticai aud affective method of handling labels for paint conminers is by national -tanuard. This Mould enable the canufacoursrs and dis tributors, as well as tne retailsrt, to meet a ll health requirements without .'"oar of conirovening tno law. The paint industry is very appreciative of the assistance that i t has obtained frea the ^eparraeat of Health in 3ev fork City and particularly ires the Division of hr.vircEWeatai sanitation. The Industry w ill keep the Cepartnent informed of progress and is always ready to welcome any suggestions that the Dapartasat Ray care to offor. ijlslc L Chairman Institute of Industrial Medicine T Dr. ARMSTRONG . ASSISTANT SEOBITABT ru . J* - a^ _ / 0 L L * tH ~ f^ L > u ^ tC H? U /y f T-4 IMi % nena cune Go t# ay of tho "hard rele* oaos of tho orld, la Casada Australia or tbo Saltad Stato tho ttth Afrleaa toad or tho "big bill* la Botto Boatatti, ad atoh thouoaads of aiaoro golng to tho Im o hore (Ila frsaaa aad sia housos, akeltoa-lik`atraeture# stand orar oli-libo ahafta; ttah thoa ostor tho eagos ohieh drop hoodrodo, sooetiaoa thottsaads f foot oador g ad, ad fello thss to th topos ad reaos bore they oxUwat gold, load, slae or eoppor freo th reiao of ore that throad tho otrth. Soac of tho aiaoro valk aloly, hoslV-tlngly, aad oaoo la a hilo, they stop for a rosi* Theae are tho aaa obeso laags baro bora "duotod*. They bave *aiaer*s eoa*, *silicosis* s tho doctora oall it, beota of tho siile in th dust. Sono of tbooo aoa too beve tuberculosis a oli* Tbo aiaoro ork la a dust/ otaoopboro for it Is bori to entlate underground, aad hard rock dust risos frea blastiag shovellag ad o bouldor poppiag. Mueb of thie.dust lo eontrolled by vtor, blob la usad la drilliag ad la ottiag dova auok pilo. labollag tbo tlajr portici at siile dust iajuros tbo luags, - thloh, ixrltrted, iafloaoi ad &jurod by tb hard rock dust, beeeas fibreld. 1 acer-liks tlssue develepa hieh bus aoa of tbo aerati oliaticity, of th lag. Breethlag is iapalred, ad es tho diaeaee tt<*ck* both laica, thoro ls a credasi lovering of vitei povor. #Shortaos of brattb ceughing, loas of velgjbt aad *&k~ aass eut iato a aaa* a Cepaotty of ork boa aliar* a eoa* or sUloosia stttcks bla. "Miner'a eoa* ls aot iafsetious, aor la li eoatafiotta. It esrrios a groat aenaoe, bovoTor, booauso of th iajured luag, together with lowered itality la th bolo body, offorda sa Ideal ooaditioa for tbo developoent of - 2- tuberculosis. Zt 1 11 known that i n with dastad lungs *.rs unusually aujceptibla to tuberculosis. baa this happens, not only la tha alaar threatened alth e r .r lj dacth, or at least aora hopeless future, hot ha 1 > source of danger to othara, hia feller-workers, hie f-atly and tha cenaunlty. This infection is x faotor of prisa lnportaace to the health and hygiene ef tha caamoaity. Tha hss&rds la herd raek aiaaa tre a* great that vhaa * work er wants inauranee as peys extra for iti page 591 of the Metropolltea rate book tella the story -- "Joplin, Mo* lead and lino sinaa, ahaat ground aiders| spool-1 CZasa Bj no disability, no double indemity.* Savaral years ago the operator* in this particular section, which centers around ?ichar, Okla., and extends up to Joplin, Mo. n*de a study of Group insuraaea. One clause appealed to then particularly, considering tha candltlons they faoad in tha ninisg industry la tha Joplin aestor. Grasp insurance coaid be bought without a aedleol exaain*tloa, ragardlaas of age. Many operators bought Group insurance, sonsoious of the fnat that Group policies gars the alners e necessity which cost so wueh under ordinary elrsanataacea they couldn't buy r.a such protection aa they needed. Another thing that appealed to the Joplin operators was tha effective work tha Metropolitan had dona along linen of hoelth and sanitation. Many of the operators bought Metropolitan Group insurance esd about a yssr ago tha Metropolitan Initiated a special hoelth servlet, a cooperative erperisest ainilar in slu to other investigations aide by tha Conpeny in Traoingh* and in tha Thetford Minas. About a year ego tha Policyholders' Marries Bureau learned the United States Bureau of Minos would bo interested in expanding the Bureau of Minas ellnio in Piehar and in aaking a acre intensive study of health conditions/ so the United States Bureau of Minas the Metropolitan, and the operators 1m tfaa Tri-State ration contained foreaa end enlarged tha eclating clinic. As near of tha operating nines in tha lead and sins field which canters around Picber, Okls., ex tending up to Joplin Mo. and Baxter Springe ten., *re covered by Grasp polieles tha Company was vitally intaraatod in r soonuaity health problem vfaiek definitely effected tha aortality and morbidity of its Groups. A nasorendos which esbodiad tits suggestion for a cooperative experiment reached tha President. "Dould the Metropolitan bo silling to oontributo an annus1 sun for o clinic in the Pichar mining region to study silicosis its effects and to formulate remedial ateaeurosf* "Tee, mas the laconla reply end the Metropolitan agreed to contribute an annual appropriation of $8,000, provide the united States Bureau of Minos contributed #8*800 and the local operators, #16,000. The clinic one financed for r period ef three years. It of fers free medical examination to all the miners la the district. Its general pur pose is to examine miners and diagnose their cases, and to carry on educational work tending to eliminate silicosis and tuberculosis. the building which houses the olinio wee fanllt by the mine owners uslBr. 7. Y. Meriwether of the United States Public Health Service, eaststed by e staff of Govenaent physicians ere conducting it. On some days they examine eighty sen end they expect to examine fourteen thousand before their work is through Two clerks interrogate the miners and fill la the Information on an examination card The ainere go to the X-ray room whore there cheats are X-rayed by one ef the beet machines purchasable, operated by a skilled technician. Late in the afternoon Dr, Meriwether holds a conference'pith the other physician*, the X-ray films taken - - the day before are pat on Tint sad are read la conjunction with tha tu'i history af clinical findings, and a final diagnosis dstarslnad. ich physieian has & special fiald of interest ia tha investigations and ia gathering date for hit particular branch af research. fir. A. J. b a n , ho n i largely responsible for bringing'tha Metropolitan, tha oparatore and tha United Sttea Bureau of Xiaaa together ia es tablishing the Picher Clinic, says that the aooperatba of tha operator and ainers eugera wall for tha investigation. "The aisara aad their f-niliee era practically all of Aaerlcea took. They are intelligent, iadapondent and industrious. Thay are affioiant and individually t-ka oat nore rock then any other oinere in the country. keny of then prosper and it ia a canron saying in autbreatem Kiaaouri that every alner ia a prospective oparr.tor. the vmgee re good. "It ia to tha interest of the ninora, of the operatore and tha Metropolitan, iaeidantllly, since tha Cenpany has Group inaumaea on noat of the ninora in tha region, to have a high degree of sanitation and good health la the region. "Leak of funds have prevanted ncking invaatigationa of sill* ooaia conperabla to those earried an already, but tha establishment of tha clinle will result in a thorough inquiry into ailioeaia and ita relation to tuberauloals. Vhan tha ailieoaia petiant beeone tuberculous, than is tha ties to vetch tha esse, to see that tha people f t hose and at vork do not bacons infected. "Tha Director of the United States Burean of tinea has given remission to distribute a leaflet song the visitors to tha clinic which describes briefly and ainply silicosis end tuberculosis, their nature end prevention. It - s- recoaaaada a pfayaieal oxaainatioc inrj aix saatha far aa arkiaf la rock doat, ex&ainatlaaa ta ba givaa fra# <7 -goranaaat doctora af tba baaltta elisia la so bara eia eoa* froa a u bari** trua kaowledge af ' bia atata af haalth, tha alatra alesa* tha ebaaea ta avaid loaf and Barletta illnaaa aad hardabip. Baeause tha Alalo tua baaa la operatioa a abort tlaa, ita raaalta ca&aot ba pradlotad at praae&t but goTenaeat officiala belleva that la aeop# aad thoroaghaesa lt 111 atead ot sa eoa of tha aoat laportaat oontributloaa to induatrial hjgiaaa" H .S .G . 127 ai fV METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY MEMORANDUMFROM NURSE' S REPORT V I n m U Industrial Health A safety 9v n i To: ** Basale Offlaa Sod VltvPrea. I i n w | h Proa: Dr. Lana* la Rt- Armstrong Cork Coapaay Address:- Liberty sad Xary Sts* Lancaster, ?a *t#! levenber , 1934 Business:- Mfg fleer oarerlag A aark prodeta V isited By:- Hartease X Araber Number of Employees:-uver tOOO Data: - Ooteber t , 1934 Interviewed Nr* V & Coaler , Personnel Hgr Vlas V Braaaar, R .X ., Coapaay Nurse The following is quoted fron report of service visit: "Both Ur* Costar ad Klee Braaaer, Ititi Coapony* aeree, aero very e ordini and reealled ny ?ttvloua visita I telked vlth Kr Cnater la bis office aad vlth Slaa Braaaar la tka saaioal Depertaeat Appreelatlon for cor Nursing Service eoe expreaaed by tur, Gustar and alss Brenner t!r Gustar saldi "X knov th aervlca le eaiisfactary ea ne completate beve baca bi ou_-ht te py atlantica," Ile further atoie thai througb bis departaent Araetroag Cork etrlves te ,jive th ea* ploye every eonslderatlon and aentloned epeeially th aarvlaa of a apaeial nurse ta tre very 111 amplayaae Nr Cnater eaid thai vhen be deano it necessary be vlshea iba lek eaployeaa ta reeaive ibis ottentiea, Mica Brener spenda th satiro erning vislting th abaentees and rafera te our auree laaadiataly anyone bea sbe esnsidera needlng Surelag Cara snded rise Brenaar haa bean bar scrvieoa vrltb th Coapony for fourteen yaara aad Hr. Guatar highly eoa- Tr* Ut Cantil Mr* Beaslgar Zb r t i Arartioag Cork Coapany la ri coopctatioi or am claxh w j m r r t t t varl*afCt atsatoartrtriwaifakteedfethealitaghtagtwgrodaat vooirli CbreotarraItn*aIu*ranl*o1rarraydJtataealraeaarlytlfaiaadatletbetlldtaayrt nAtt aaaaaIliuarralaahfaaahaaaaatlaaaatddoralagtatparaognfaaaty.T*ttiTtharragukghraapaleayraraa*r aHfaAtraralitrathnagtCtohrak ahaaoraa Croap Taoaraata aaa aaatalltd* Vhaa tha traloye aadt applloctioa far har altk baaafit tfr* Cuattr rata ta taf Boat Off&ea eaplalalag tha tata aad aad iba tht aaarrpalaryaaatdtalattaovtrtd) instated* Hr* Coatar cold that ha at ary noth platead vltb tha aplaadld aoaparatia* rttalvtd fra* *e aad ha aaaeldera a aaaa af thla sert tha aaaw of estb ilafalag goad ill bt* tvaaa tha asrtiflaatahaldara aad our Coapray* la rai SCHTST Of LAICAST W <TJJTT F O XlCCrTRlAL HXALRf HAZARD Klee Breaatr inforaad aa that Sr* Keen* tha Coapaay* safety sa g ta a , had aat ear Dottar laO aaw ll at a raaoat Ratianal Safety Coafaraaaa aad had dlawased with Cattar VeCeaaell tha je e e lb lllty of err taglag far a plaat caray far lead hasard* tor Ulta Sfamar said that aa aa tha Coapaay kaev* thar* as no load aaaa la the Manifatture but that there had baaa a diaaaaaian af a poaalble load hasard aad tha Coapaay vishad ta rafata tha atataaaat* TIOTS Aprapae of tha aha# during cy eoafaraaaa 1th ttlta v illa r R *I*, Sir attar oY Lonaaatar Via ltlag Rare# Aesaciatioa, aha callad to ny attantloa that during tha peat ytar and v lth la ala oonthl* tloa* four .'roatrong Cork eapleyeee hod died of a raaplratery dlaaaata "atar rtahar the Coapaay* dottar dlagnaood aaa eaaa aa ftenaaeoaiaale* tha aaployaaa orkod la tha exMlalng dopartaast I did wat ditoni! tha abata lth gita 3ra*wf_f A ll af ucll nt-hony J. M A G A Z IN E A B S T R A C T To: From: Th library XAXZRXiXi fBXfTEg BZ DE LABZA, ARBJL5QED CEROSOLOQICALLY, Pulnonarydisease Aa<^:idnAT# -in .th Joplin district. Missouri, ad tt relation t* rctck^dR.in tfa# nlhes* ' ' Anthony J Ideir* ad *dvn Hig'glniV * 08*Mldai,.Burema of Sechbical paper, #105 1315; Abstract, engineering ad Mining Journal, 99J2S1-3 Feb. 1Z| 1015 Interstate Jtifcgtg.tioa of tuberculous p t r u u ; It bearing on . the public health, trith special referenes to the' etates of ' Arlxona and Colorado Be print #283 fro* the Public health reporte, v. 30. #23, June 10, 1915 ' * Bov airier can avoid'pose dangerous diseases. Anthony J, Laaxa and J.E. White. 0.1 Ulnae, Borea of* Ulnars* Circular, #0, 1916. l/^Eealth hasards of the astal gaining, industry. Journal of the American public health ess*n. 6 474-478, May 1916 / -Ulnar** cooroaptlonJournal of H e souri- Medical A*a*h 13 251, June 1916. Biliceou* dust in relation to pulnonary disease enong ninara in the Joplin district, Missouri. Edwin Higgins, AJ. ansa, and othsrs. 0.8. Bureau of nines, -Bulletin 182, 1917, 116pp. Ulnars* oonsuaption - :a study of 458 cases of the diseases aaong sino Binare in southwestern .Missouri. 0.8. Publio* Health Service, Publio health bulletin #35 Ja. 1917, pp. 6-80i ' Underground nine sanitation engineering ani nining journal, 104t $99-600, Oct. 6, 1917. Occupational diseases Association of gorernaent labor offiolals of United States and Canada. Proceedings of the 6th annual convention.. Des Moines, Iowa, June 24-29, 1918. Washington, Gov*t. print, off., 1919. M E T R O P O L IT A N L IF E IN S U R A N C E C O M P A N Y KotinLiti il rilMT4aIeM. u'*+ M A G A Z IN E A B S T R A C T To: - 2- F rom : Thc Library Carbon monoxide poisoning Modera mediotae, odiosi Journal 145-46| May 1919) Sam*, 2 2 1 646, July 1919 Pennsylvania P r e v e n t i o n o f U l n e * * u u c | e m p l o y e e s i n teine** Z a A m e r i c a n l a * t l t u t e o f m i n i n e **4 m e t a l l u r g i e ! ! e n g l n a e r s balletta, 1461 435-7, Feb. 19191 Sem* - Engineering and minine Journal, 1071 351-2, Feb. 22. 1919) Disco* sion American Insti tute of aiolo and metallurglasl engtneer* bulletin 148 67-4| 1 5 0 1 989*90, Aprii,lune 1919 Mines'1* o o n r o a p t l o n I n the m i n e s o f Butto, Montana! p reliminary report of * a investigation m a d e l a the years of 1916-1919 by Daniel Harrington and A.J. Laasa ash., Oov, prin t i n g office. 19 pp. U.S. bureau of. Mine*, Teohnieal paper #260, 1921. Health of. the underground worker. 8lentlflo American aonthly fame, Minin and Metallurgy Feb. 1701 1 9 2 1 , St SO, Feb. 187-8| 1921 Equipment and personnel for care Xational safety news. of injuries Si 9 , 1 4 F e b . 21, 1921 Looatlonand equipment of m o d e m Industrial dispensaries. P e r s o n n e l St 1 - 2 , April 1921 Industrial hygiene Me dio al Journal o f Australia It 691-694, June 24, 192 Industrial farglia s Medleal an- m e d i c a i profession. J o u r n a l o f A u s t r a l i a 2i 231-234, Aug. 26, 1922 P n e u m o n o n i o s l s , T o l . 6. p. 7 7 2 - 7 7 5 . Oeorge Blumer, oditor Thsrapeusls of Internal diseases. A ne work based o a the B i l l i n g e - F o r c h h e l m e r Tfaeaapensi* of internal diseesee* Mew Xork. Appleton A Col, 1924. Place of Industrial hygiene la general scheme Medleal Journal of A u s t r a l i a (supp.) It of disease prorentlon S04- S 0 6 , M a y 10, *24 Venereal diseases and the family. National cooferonoe o f coelal work, Proceedings. 1925, p. 204-- 7 j C a m e , H o s p i t a l s o c i a l service 1 2 t 201-206, Oct. 1925, S e m e , J o u r n a l o f s o c i a l h y g i e n e , lit 596-432, 3ot. 1929. M E T R O P O L IT A N L IF E IN S U R A N C E C O M P A N Y rrm Lib 11 Me. |9H tttaftuieu M A G A Z IN E A B S T R A C T To: From: Tb Library Periodic health exasLinatlona p 60S-606, Ass*n. of Hew fork Central lino* surgeons. SySposlua on periodic health examinations presented * at annual neeting. 1926. Physical exaainatlons - when and *hy. Bailvay age 81i 272, Aug. 14, 1926. Safety in welding CAJ. Lanza and V.G. Cole^ Sew fork. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., Pulieyholders aerrice bureau cl927?j 16P Health examinations Health bulletin - Vorth Carolina State board of health Oct 1927, p. S. *tatua of silicosis, R.R. Sayers. E.R. Hayhurst and A.J. Lanza American journal of public health 191 636-640, June 192 Study of silicosis in rock drillers United States Bureau of labor statistics. Bull. #3Ui 40-3 z Discussion p. 43-7, 1930. / * ]/ Preralence of tuberculosis in Industry; abstracts, by AJ Lanza and S.J. Vane Safety engineering 60s 100* Aug. 1930, Abstraet Monthly labor review, SII 609-10 . Bept. 1930 Digest, Statistical bulletin* KatropAlitan Life Inaurar. Co., July 1930, p. 6-10, Observations on industrial hygiene. American journal of public health 21s 529-534, May 1931. The doctor and the factory Journal of the American aedlcal ass'n. 97I 509-511, Aug. 2, 1931 M E T R O P O L IT A N L IF E IN S U R A N C E C O M P A N Y 0/30/32 1.11 It M 14*1 284 r- N S 89ABT 1827 r* tlcn Tr. r r a s l i a r . t j p l a l a l t.a a t t a V c i t a J ho.3 r c , > t l u j t a c o - o p a r u t ` tit I t U .-.1 r e t a l i a l t a J r s o f t a ? .- a v l r .; Sta ta C-iraau of ln-taa lava Jtlri- of t'O a rc ils si icd t 9 -- ?E8K0*iY 183T -- _ til* 1 * * 1 on! lino eia** ln /pii *i6 farth*p a U S S l i l h with th. B u r . td.r hi*, ih. Bur.. - 1 U , * p ,, d fro *9 ,000. to 1 5 ,000. and W a g to, appropriation ' of IS,000. poor for thru* roar ' Th* Pr.H4.Bt tat*! that our <i*ath and alok alai** hai ho& T*rr hih healna'a d.fleli, wh.r.upon tho Cowittaa appropriato! 18.000. a year for thr.a yaart for th* .tody of h*aith and h o m i * con!ition* of sino in.r ln oo-op*ratlon with th* Bur.au of ino*. I On noti on, Ad jourM i , L Clark. ///////////////////////////////////y////////////////////////////// L  * 2 iKtnm m ft MINIMUM FIRST TEA* EXTRA PREMIUMS FOR GROUP LIFE INSURANCE ISSUED ON THE ONE TEAR RENEWABLE TERM PLAN TO COMPANIES IN HAZAROOUS INDUSTRIES 'Where one concern is engaged In two or more in dustries, any or all of which require an extra prealun, all the tacts, including an occupational analysis, should be referred to the Hobo Office before a quota tion is made. The fact that soae Industries are not listed be low should not be construed as indicating that no extra premium charge is necessary. If there Is any question as to the correct premium to be charged for any certain industry, be sure to comunlcate with the Home Office before any definite commitment is Bade. The m i n i m a extra premiums tor the industry are applicable if all the employees of the employer are to be eligible. Where only certain occupational classes are to be eligible an occupational distribution of all employees, Including those who are not to be eli gible, should be submitted to the Horn Office for pro per rating of the classes to be covered. The prospect should definitely understand'that all quotations are subject to final Home Office ap proval. 1XS33TU a m ru nrnu ns timru nramt u U.ooo or t t s n u a fnatluor* MININS Coal - Surface or Underground. Lead and Zinc - Surface or S 3.00 Underground ............... Refer to Other Metals - Surface or underground ................ 3. CO Minerals (Clay, Phosphate, Salt, Shale, Talc, Feldspar, etc.) - Open Pit or Underground (Does not include salt production where no mining operations are Involved) ................. 3.00 quarries, Stone Yards and Mills (Sranlte, Marble, Stone, Slate, or any substance including Rode) 3.00 $ Home 0.26 Office .26 '.26 .26 SMELTING AND REFINING OF METALS (Sy other than Electrolytic Process)................... 1.0 0 .09 IRON AND STEEL Iron ore Milling and Blast Fur nace Operation.............. 1.0 0 .09 (risks engaged In steel making, even though includ ing blast furnaces, may be written without extra). 10-17-44 (Page 2) iDom IKON AND STEEL - Continue. Steal or iron Foundries....... (If the basic industry of & risk is other than a foundry but foundry operations are involved, a composite extra premium will be computed by the H.O. upon receipt of a complete occupational distributlon of employees.) mn*i n u t n a ixru H M w uss m 11,000 or xssnuai iwixl frealu. tfeftttkly trmlm S 1.00 t 0.09 TRANSPORTATION Airplane Transportation, Transport and/or Air Kail Companies, and Flying Schools........... Electric and Street Hallways, other than Subways and Elevated Railroads ................... Subways and Elevated Railroads . Steam Railroads (Class 1 Rail- roads)................. . Terminal Railroads and Other Railroads not Class 1 Railroads ....................... Stevedoring, Lightering, Tugs, Barges and Dredges............ *fr t loa* Offie .09 3.00 .26 Stftr te lea Offt 3.00 .26 2.00 .17 MISCELLANEOUS Manufacture of acids (Heavy) and Poisonous and Corrosive Sases (Carbolic, Hydrochloric, Hydrofluoric, Nitric, Prussic, Sulphuric, Sulphurous, etc.). . - Asbestos Killing and Manufacture of Asbestos Cord and Fabric . . Breweries. .................... Manufacture of Exploelvea and riraworks ................... Fertilizer.................. Fishing (Deep Sea) ........... Fire Departments . . . . . . . . Police Departments ............ Refractories (Manufacturing fire brick or firs resistant mater ials, composed chiefly of silica or silicate mineral). Sewer, Road, Dam, and Bridge Construction, and Structural iron anc steel Buildings. . . Woodsmen and Loggers ........ 2.00 .17 2.00 .17 Refer te lea* Office i lefer w Isaa Office 2.00 .17 S.00 .43 3.00 .36 le/r 1BUM CfflM *1eter Sw m Offl 2.00 .17 1.0 0 .09 lsfer to 1tom Offltt t ---- 1 ----\ f -- i Schedule of Minimum Monthly Premiums Per $10 Mon-Occupational Meekly Benefit No Industry bonding Schedule A Applicable to (roups which both (a) are on the Simplified Accounting System and (b) require that all eligible employees must become Insured. I % of Benefits on Feesleg t* _ Begin eS-43 Accident Sickness X CA 8 th 8 th y Less than (Weeks) jj 1 1 13 $ .57 26 .68 52 .6 8 11-21 $ .60 .72 .95 21-31 $ .63 .77 1.0 2 31-41 $ .66 .81 1.06 41-51 $ .68 .84 1.13 51-61 $ .71 .8 8 1.19 61-71 $ .74 .92 1.25 71-81 81-91 $ .77 $ .80 .96 1 .0 1 1.31 1.38 91 and over $ .83 1.05 1.44 1 st 8 th 13 26 52 .63 .6 6 .71 .74 .76 .81 .84 .87 .92 .95 .73 .78 .83 .8 8 .91 .96 1 .0 0 1.05 1 . 1 0 1.14 .93 1 . 0 1 1.08 1.15 1 .2 0 1.27 1.33 1.40 1.47 1.53 4th 4th 13 26 52 .73 .83 1.05 .78 .69 1.15 .83 .96 1.23 .8 8 1.0 1 1.31 .91 1.05 1.37 .96 1 .1 2 1.46 1 .0 0 1.17 1.53 1.05 1.2 2 1.61 1.10 1.29 1.69 1.14 1.34 1.77 1 st 4th 13 26 52 .76 .8 6 1.08 .81 .93 1.18 .87 1.0 0 1.27 .92 1.05 1.35 .95 1 .1 0 1.42 1.0 1 1.16 1.50 1.05 1.2 2 1.58 1 .1 0 1.28 1.6 6 1.16 1.34 1.75 . 1.2 0 1.40 , 1.83 ISth ISth 26 52 .61 .64 .6 8 .71 .73 .78 .81 .84 .8 8 .91 .79 .85 .91 .96 1 .0 0 1.05 1 . 1 0 1.15 1 . 2 1 1.26 These rates are for Plans excluding maternity benefit#. c r o u p SICKNESS AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE (EXCLir5iNG~HATERNlTY BENEFITS)  Schedule of Mlnlstaa Monthly Preniusa Per $10 Kon-Occupational Weekly Benefit No Industry Loadinc Schedule B Applicable to groups which have SO lives or sore Insured at issue and do not Meet both of the following requlrenents: (a) group is on the 81npllfied Accounting Systen g n d (b) all eligible enployees ust beconc insured. 3 Day Benefits 3 _______ Begin Accident Sickness Duration (Weeks) Less than 11 _______ i of Benefits on Penales 1 1 - 2 1 21-31 31-41 41-51 51-61 61-71 71-81 81-91 91 and over 8 th 8 th IS $ .60 $ .63 $ .6 6 $ .69 $ .72 $ .75 $ .78 $ .81 $ .84 $ .87 26 .72 .77 .81 .85 .89 .94 .98 1 .0 2 1.06 1 .1 0 32 .63 1 . 0 1 1.07 1.14 1 .2 0 1.26 1.32 1.39 1.45 1.51 1 st 8 th 13 26 52 .6 6 .70 .74 .77 .81 .84 .8 8 .92 .95 .99 .77 .83 .87 .92 .97 1 . 0 1 1.06 1 . 1 1 1.15 1.2 0 .98 1.07 1.14 1 .2 0 1.27 1.34 1.41 1.48 1.54 1.61 4th 4th 13 26 52 .77 .87 1 .1 1 .83 .94 1.2 2 .87 1 .0 0 1.30 .92 1.05 1.38 .97 1 .1 1 1.46 1.0 1 1.17 1.54 1.06 1.23 1.62 1 .1 1 1.28 1.70 1.15 1.34 1.78 1.2 0 1.40 1.8 6 1st 4th 13 26 52 .80 .91 1.14 .8 6 .99 1.25 .91 1.05 1.34 .96 1 .1 1 1.42 1.0 1 1.17 1.50 1.06 1.23 1.59 1 .1 1 1.29 1.67 1.16 1.35 1.76 1.2 1 1.41 1.84 1.26 1.47 1.92 ISth ISth 26 52 .64 .6 8 .83 ___ & .71 .74 .78 .81 .85 .8 8 .91 .95 1 .0 0 1.05 1 . 1 1 1.16 1 . 2 1 1.27 .95 1.32 These rates are for Plans excluding Maternity benefits ' GROUP SICKNESS AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE (EXCLUDING MATERN1TT BENEFITS) I . ADDITIONAL LOADIMBS DUE TO INOUSTRT NON-OCCUPATIOKAL 6A0UP ACCIDENT AND HEALTH INSURANCE ANO CROUP HOSPITAL EXPENSE INSURANCE The minimum extra premium for the Industry ere applicable If ell the employees of the employer ere to be eligible. Where only certeln occupational desses ere to be eligible an occupational distribution of ell employees, including those who ere not to be eligible, should be subsisted to the K.O. for proper rating of the classes to be covered. If e risk Involves two or more industries, on one or more of which an extra is required, a composite rate will be com puted by the Home Office upon receipt of full facts in cluding a complete occupational analysis. Any rate quoted on the basis of an occupational classifica tion will be subject to change If the enrollment caros secured show any material change in the occupational dis tribution of the employees. The percentages mentioned herein are to be applied after adding the extra, if any is required, for female and/or non-Caucasian benefits and not to the base rate for the plan sold. Breweries, wine manufacturers, wholesale liquor dealers and wine merchants, and distilleries of ethyl or methyl alcohol or of alcoholic beverages ............ let Felt hat factories ........................... Home Office F u r r i e r s ..................... IS* Hot Metal industries, smelting and refining........... is* Llae, cement and gypsum (Ho Quarrying) ............................ is* Marble and scone yards (Granite-- refer to Home Office).. IS* If cutting and polishing operations are an Important part of the work, refer to Homs Office. Mines-- Lead and Zinc inJoplin District......... Home Office Mines-- All others.................................... . 40* Quarries-- Granite........................ Home* Office Quarries-- All Others.................................. 40* Railroads...................................... Homs Office Railways, Electric andStreet....................Home Office Refractories ....................... . . . . . Home Office Shipbuilding.......................................... 25* Tanneries........................................ . . 15* Textiles ..................................... Home Office Any and all operations from the receipt of the raw material to and including spinning, weaving, knitting, braiding, bleaching, dyeing, and finishing of any product from cotton, wool, rayon, hemp, jute, silk and flax. Woodsmen and loggers............................. . . 25* If a foundry is combined with other operations of a company whose primary business is not a hot metal industry, that company shall for rating purposes be considered as engaged in two or more industries. Foundry employees are those engaged in the occupations comonly designated as: Core Makers, Halters, Holders, Cupola Tenders and their Helpers, Foundry men, and Foundry Foremen; Foundry Helpers and Laborers, including among others Coal and Coke Heavers, Ladlers, Pig Breakers and Sand Shovelers; Casting Cleaners, including among others, Grinders, S Blasters, Chlppers, Rattlers and 8naggers. The above named occupations are familiar to persons engaged in foundry work, and no difficulty should arise in obta' ing such a classification. 4-45 (Page 8 ) TKIKS ((o n lin u rd ) ' ....... ' INDUSTRY tirs Nlnlnua b l n Annual P rc ilu * a c c i m *tal OUTI M DISNMERNWr NI a l a i HonlM i p rtn lu a KWOCCUPATIONAL ISANILITT COTMAG13 OCCUPATIONAL DISABILITY conaA caa 8*!*r 1? _ i - B s l l s ____ T M W Fom -now am> ru s tic s k r v ic i T iild b T e lc|ih u M iih ) telegraph V a le r (ra w |*o rla tiv n (e sc lu d lt* - Ocea and Great takes - In I amt t i e r s (e xce p t G re a t V a le r so rt* (co trriN u a M w c 'lo rln g ) l.akcN ) 1.1 m .10 20 1 .0 . .30 a .o . 40 B O. .20 0 .0 . 40 .1 20 L 1 i M ISCItM M OUS A r t if ic ia l le a th e r A sb e sto s t ili n g ami m im I.h l u l l ) o f s b c s l * n t i i l am i fa b r ic F is h in g (deep se a ) le s a s s u fic t s r la g (ou h a iv e s lli* ;) I t o r i . b o ra , and bone goods - f i l l c lo K 2 H n u lru n P h o to g ra p h ic s u p p lie s an*t deel*poest I anving p i c t u r e s P la s t ic products - p yro ayltn ___ - ulb er than tiy rn iy lm P y r o x y lin o a n u fa rlu rin g ( v I ncoboI iI . a s h c rlo t !. ( I b r e lo ld , am) c e llu lo id Borksool asn u farlu rln g Rubber S a lt s e lla and so rb s (no s lu in g ) U p holstering _ B .0 . 0 .0 0 2.00 .1 a .o . a .o . .20 :l! .10 .1 ,10 IIS a .o . .10 .1 .10 a.o . 40 R.O. TO I.O a a.o . a I s the case o f those In d u s trie s sh le h re q u ire a a ln la u a A ccid e n tal Death o r D lsse e b e m rn t o o n tk ly p re stu s Is e xce ss o f t .1 0 per $1000 - IT 1 n l (m a le vn p ln yre Is Then the s ln ls u s so n th ly p reslu e per $ lu o u t i l l be reduced by (In - r 401 liuf (han J !4 5 M in Mur Ira n $ .05 * .1 0 * * p ro vid ed th a t 1 no event w i l l the s o n lh ly |ir e s lu s be le s s Ilia n $ .1 0 |rr $1000 6.*7S Je ItM I*I1*1 In ll * A IS Ml 0 9  * >