Document pBJENGZ024qZvnVOwVjDpVNDw

PVC CONTAINERS INTRODUCTION UNION CARBIDE clear PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plastic containers add new versatility and sales appeal to the field of plastic packaging. The glass-like transparency plus break resistance of these PVC bottles are only a part of the story; they also provide the barrier properties and chemical resistance needed to serve entirely new plastic packaging applications. PVC OFFERS: Transparency and break resistance for increased sales appeal. Low oxygen permeability for preser vation of oxygen sensitive toiletries and household chemicals. Aroma barrier properties for the re tention of dilute perfumes and es sential oil flavorings. Compatibility with aliphatic solvents and alcohols for successful packag ing of solvent containing waxes, pol ishes, cleaners, and alcoholic cos metics such as after shave lotions and hair tonics. Good chemical resistance. Low tend ency for staining, stress cracking or attack by many corrosive products. Light weight for reduced shipping .osts. \cceptabte moisture barrier proper- es for most aqueous products, ttractive economics for food pack ing. ttles can be supplied in clear or a full range of transparent and que tints. ITAINMENT RACTERISTICS ) PERMEABILITY: CARBIDE PVC bottles show e permeability to ethanol, all* nd alicyelie solvents, and to t and mineral oils, ster permeability of PVC, er than that of polyethylene, ble for most aqueous prodwight loss of aqueous prod;m, 8-oz. round PVC bottles less than two per cent per F./50% R.H. PVC is not led for use with highly isitive products. Typical data for a range of toile tries and household chemicals are summarized in Table I. A low weight loss or gain does not in itself assure acceptable packageability. Many products require: 1. The exclusion of oxygen. 2. The retention of minor concentra tion ingredients such as essential oil flavors and odors. 3. Freedom from extraction of offodors from the container. UNION CARBIDE PVC performs ex tremely well in all of these categories. Table II illustrates the superior bar rier. qualities of PVC relative to other plastic bottle materials. The retention of dilute essential oil fragrances by PVC bottles is excep tionally good and far superior to high density polyethylene. The fragrance retention of PVC bottles containing 0.5% solutions of methyl salicylate, oil of cloves, peppermint oil and lemon oil approached that of glass after weeks at 122*F. The perfumes pres ent In many toiletries are retained to high degree after long term aging at room temperature. The slight odor characteristics of commercial PVC bottles is dependent on the formulation ingredients. UNION CARBIDE PVC bottles have been for mulated to minimize foreign odors and are suitable for most toiletries. CHEMICAL RESISTANCE The broad versatility of PVC bottles is largely due to their high resistance to attack by product ingredients. PVC is generally unaffected by the chemical agents listed below. PVC is resistant to: Water; Alcohols; Polyols; Aliphatic ethers; Mineral acids and bases; Or ganic acids; Vegetable and mineral oils; Aliphatic and alicyclic solvents; Turpentine; Detergents and soaps; Waxes. PVC is not compatible with many chemicals in the groups listed below. However, dilute solutions of these chemicals are frequently packagesble. Confirmation should be obtained by packaging tests. The performance of essential oils is typical. Concentrated methyl salicylate readily attacks PVC, but is completely compatible and practically non-migrating in the dilute forms commonly used. PVC is attacked by some: Aromatic hydrocarbons; Ketones; Halogentated hydrocarbons; Alde hydes; Esters; Essential oils. Some heavy duty and disinfectant cleaning products containing agents such as aromatic phenols show partial incompatibility with PVC at elevated storage temperatures. This appears as a haze or whitening of the inner container wall. In severe cases, these products can be packaged in opaque PVC bottles, or the product can be reformulated to improve compatibility with a clear container. PVC bottles show little tendency for staining by-product coloring additives. IMPACT STRENGTH Impact properties of PVC bottles vary with bottle size, weight, and design. In addition to these factors, aging may also alter impact performance. The ef fects of time, temperature, and prod uct environment should be determined for each application. PVC bottles have adequate resist ance to drop impact and other abusive handling. Typical impact data for 8-oz. pinch-waist cylinder bottles are: Mean drop height->50% failure: 9 feet Average number of six-foot drops to failure: 7 These impact properties are main tained at an accaptable leva! at 32*F. HOT FILLING UNION CARBIDE PVC bottles may be hot filled at temperatures up to about 170*F. Bottle shape, size and thick ness factors determine the actual up per temperature limit. Non-cylindrical shapes are preferable because they are least likaly to develop objection able collapse after hot filling. AREAS OF APPLICATION Extensive laboratory tests Indicate the UNION CARBIDE PVC containers are well suited for the packaging applica tions listed in Table III. Union Car bide's Plastics Division will gladly provide specific packageabilRy test in formation of products submitted for evaluation. f TABLE 1 Typical Permeability Values for UNION CARBIDE General Purpose and Cosmetic Grade Vinyl Bottles Product Projected Annual Weight Change in %(') P-FactOrB) Toiletries Hair Shampoo Hair Tonic (70% alcohol) Hand Lotion Skin Lotion Bath Oil Mineral Oil After Shave Lotion (70% alcohol) (J7*f/50%RH) 122 *F -1.4 -11.6 -1.1 -1.7 --2.8 --0.1 neg- - 5.8 -13.8 -17.3 -- 1.5 - 1.0 -1.3 -12.1 Household Products Dishwashing Detergent Heavy Duty Liquid Cleaner Detergent Ammonia Disinfectant Cleaner A B Lemon Oil Furniture Polish Furniture Polish (Naphtha base) Liquid Car Polish and Cleaner Cigarette Lighter F1`"4 Turpentine Motor Oil SAE 10 Varsol #1 Ethylene Glycol --1.4 --1.7 -2.0 -1.4 -1.6 neg. -1.8 -1.8 --0.3 --0.1 neg. -0.15 neg.B) -11.5 -14.5 -13.8 -12.2 -12.9 - 1.1 -10.6 -13.5 - 1-2 - 0.8 - 1.0 - 0.8 neg.B) Reference Water -1.7 -13.0 (77*F/50%RH) 122*f -0.6 -4.9 -0.4 --0.7 -0.8 -- -2.1 -5.5 -5.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.5 --4.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 --0*6 -0.7 -- -- ** --4,8 -5.7 -5.4 -5.2 -5.4 --0.4 -3.5 -5.3 --0.3 -0.3 -0.3 --0-3 -0.7 -5.3 WWeight change projected from six week data--8-02. cylinder 27 grams. BiPermeability expressed in gms /100 in', 24 hrs/mil at conditions specified. wSlight weight gain due to moisture absorption* TABLE II PERMEABILITY OF RUSTIC BOTTLE MATERIALS Water Permeability 0) Oxygens) PVC Bottle Compound 2.9 14-16 Phenoxy 3.6 6 Polyethylene (0.95 density) 0.4 80-120 Polyethylene (0.92 density) 1.0 350 Polypropylene Copolymer (0*90 density) 0.7 155 lonomer 1.6 490 Acrylic Multipolymer 11.8 19-40 Polycarbonate 11.0 183 Styrene/Acrylonitrile 14.0 65 Wgms/lOO in*, 24 hrs/mil at 100*F/90%RH-ASTM E96-63T (measured on 10-15 mil pressings) Blcc (STP)/100 in1,24 hrs, atm,/mll . TABU HI AREAS OF APPLICATION Cosmetics and Toiletries; Shampoos Hair tonics (all types) Wave sets and other hair preparations Alter shave lotions Colognes Hand and body lotions and creams Bath oils Baby oil Powders Household and Industrial Products: Ughtduty detergents Heavyduty cleaners Detergent ammonia Disinfectant-type cleaners Glass cleaners Waxes and polishes (floor, auto, furniture, metal) Photographic chemicals Cigarette lighter fluid Charcoal starter fluid Turpentine Lubricating and engine oils Ethylene glycol anti-freeze ucc 05809"? SALES OFFICES Fair Lawn, New Jersey 17-01 Nevins Road Call 201-791-3100 Streamwood, Illinois U.S. Route #20 Call 312-625-8696 Cincinnati, Ohio 2330 Victory Parkway Call 513-861-3035 UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION PLASTICS DIVISION Container Department 17-01 Nevins Road Fair Lawn, New Jersey Tbit information is offered solely tor yonr eonaiderstion, investigation and verification and i* not to be conetraed u a warranty mentation for which we assume legal responsibility. Ia oaiag these mauriala, yon moat aatabliah for yonrsalf th* moat aoltablo tioaa, production methods, and control toata to oaaaro tbo uniformity and quality of year prodact. fothlng contained borate la to bo nndaratood a permission or roeoauaaadation to practice a patented Invention without a license, ahoald datarateo whether relerant patoata axial. aioa Carbide haa highly trained engineers ia the hold ready to terra you, aad there technical repreaentatiree wOl be (tad to diaideal problems.