Document pB8EMn0agdOp5y6a95ko5R2nB

SILICA in the Drywall industry. Business-Health-Life Part 2 Hairison P. Rhodes Technology Manager and Blair L. Ingalls Supervisor, Special Projects Union Carbide Corporation Metals Division Niagara Falls, New York Introduction In the last issue of the GDCI Dry- wall Magazine, the current status of the OSHA regulations for asbes tos and for crystalline silica was described. This article completes the picture with field data on as bestos and silica exposure under normal operating conditions ob tained at eight job sites in four states. Sanding, wet-out of dry-mix t materials, and cleanup were ex amined. Work procedures at the jobs tested are described so that the results can be related to simi lar operations in other locations. Abstract The concentrations of respirable best way to comply with the vari The highest airborne asbestos dust generated by three different ous occupational safety, consumer concentration found during sand dry sanding procedures varied by a safety, and environmental protec ing was 3.5 fibers/cc longer than 5 factor of ten. The contractor has a tion regulations that are being micrometers. This is well below the great deal of control over dust promulgated? These safety and allowable OSHA ceiling limit of 10 levels on the job by his choice of health regulations are an estab fibers/cc. The corresponding 8- work practices. lished trend of the times and ap hour, time-weighted average ex posures ranged from 0.2 to 0.9 fibers/cc. These levels are also well Exposure to airborne quartz was checked at five job sites and three were found to be near or above the pear to be here to stay. By their very nature, these regulations gen erally increase the cost of each below the 5 fiber/cc limit now al lowed and the 2 fiber/cc limit scheduled to go into effect in mid 1976. Action Level proposed by NIOSH. The observed levels depended di rectly on the quartz content of the mud and on the severity of the product and service involved. Al though these costs will ultimately be borne by the final user, it bene fits everyone to achieve the appro Asbestos exposure during the wet-out of dry-mix materials ranged from 2.7 to 62 fibers/cc. It appears to be possible to hold the concen sanding operation. Much higher levels are possible under adverse combinations of these two factors. priate level of safety and health in the most efficient way possible and thus minimize the incremental cost for these important items. tration to acceptable levels by care The Choice for the Drywall Industry When a new regulation is prom ful handling of the bags but it is The information presented here ulgated covering a particular ma probably desirable to wear an ap provides an excellent illustration terial, the natural reaction is to i proved respirator during this op of a broader question that is facing put the entire burden on the sup eration. industry today, i.e., what is the plier and demand that he replace A25026 8 * ) Includes free maintenance for one year. See your distributor for your best deal! Cut-Saw: A great tool at a great new price from Black & Decker-- the people who go all out to give you the best combination of performance and value for the money. This rugged, reliable, all-purpose 2-speed reciprocating saw is now only $89* complete with kit box and nine highperformance blades. A $10 cut in price from $99. On top of this, a $10 rebate. After you've worked out the best deal with your distributor just fill out and mail the card you get with the tool. We'll send you a $10 check immediately. You also get one year's free mainte nance. You know the quality's got to be good if we're willing to pay for parts and labor for one full year from date of purchase. No one else even comes close to offering a deal like this. It's a limited-time offer, so see your B&D distributor now. He's in the Yellow Pages under "Tools--Electric." "Suggetted induttry price. the regulated ingredient. In the case of asbestos, which imparts very valuable performance char acteristics to the tape joint com pounds, the replacement is proving to be difficult. The asbestos-free muds so far available are more ex pensive. Also, they often do not trowel as well which adds to the cost of installation. Additional re formulation to reduce the quartz level could result in further loss in properties and increases in cost. ! It will be shown that the dust , levels related to drywall finishing vary widely depending on how the contractor operates. This suggests that it may be to the contractor's advantage to make reasonable ad justments in operating procedures to use existing products in compli ance with regulations rather than demanding that the suppliers pro vide products that are completely safe under the most adverse jobsite conditions but are more ex pensive and do not perform as well. Collection of Dust Samples The photographs on the cover of the November-December issue of Drywall Magazine showed how the air samples were collected. Both personal samples and highvolume area samples were ob tained. For personal samples, a small battery-driven vacuum pump was hooked to the operator's belt. A cartridge containing a filter paper about one and one-half inches in diameter was attached to the oper ator's shirt pocket and connected to the pump with plastic tubing. As the man went about his job in the normal manner, air from his breath ing zone was drawn through the filter paper by the vacuum pump so that the dust present in the air sample was deposited on the fil ter paper. The high-volume samplers oper ated the same way but were larger and pulled about five times as much air. They were mounted on poles adjacent to the sanding and were moved at regular intervals to stay close to the operator. There was one important differ ence in the samples collected for silica analysis. The proposed regu lations refer to the "respirable frac tion" of the total dust. This fraction is made up of the smaller, lighter particles in the total dust which are considered most likely to be carried into the lungs during breathing. A small cyclone sepa rator was used ahead of the filter for these samples to remove the heavier dust particles and leave only the respirable dust. For the asbestos measurements, the filter paper was examined un der a microscope and the number of fibers longer than 5 micrometers (nm) was counted. For silica, the total quantity of sample collected was weighed and the percent quartz was found by X-ray diffraction. All procedures used were in accord ance with OSHA regulations for asbestosor NIOSH recommendations for crystalline silica.1 Airborne Asbestos Exposure in Drywall Finishing Sanding of Finished joints: Air borne asbestos fiber concentra tions during routine sanding opera tions were measured at six loca tions in four states. The results are shown in Figure 1 together with the data reported by Nicholson et alJ. The range of fiber concen tration measured at each location is given by the cross-hatched bars. The type of sanding, hand or pole, and the total number of personal samples taken at each job location are shown at the bottom of the Figure. It is immediately evident that the samples collected in this sur vey are much lower than those re ported by Nicholson. When this gross difference became evident, two filters each from three differ ent locations were sent to inde pendent laboratories for check counts. The results are compared with those of the Union Carbide laboratory in the following table: Interlaboratory Comparison Asbestos Fiber Counts Airborne Asbestos Fiber Concentration (Fibervcc longer than 34m) Sample Source B\ UCC Location 1 (Filter ) 0.4 Location 1 (Filter n2) 0.4 Location II (Filter *t1) 1.5 Location II (Filter #2) 1.3 Location Ml (Filter *1) O.b Location Ml (Filter 2) 04 B\ Lab A 03 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.2 B\ Lab 02 0.2 l.b O.b 0.9 0.2 Although there is some variation, these are difficult samples to count and the agreement between labora tories is excellent. It is evident that the differences between this sur vey and that of Nicholson are not due to sample analysis. The sand ing procedures used to generate seem to be the most likely cause. In any case, the Nicholson results do not appear to be typical of the concentrations encountered under most job-site working conditions. 1 The authors wish to express their thanks to the NGC Environmental Laboratories. Gold Bond Building Products, Division of National Gyp sum Company, Buffalo. New York, who provided the collection equip ment and analyzed the silica samples. 1 Paper presented by Dr. W. |. Nichol son at the Miami. Florida meeting of the American Industrial Hygiene As sociation Conference, May 12-17, 1974. 25028 9 The ceiling limit allowed under the present OSHA asbestos regula tions is also indicated in Figure 1. This limit is the highest level to which a worker may be exposed at any time without protective equipment. It is evident that the asbestos concentration in the seven jobs checked in this survey were all well below the 10 fibers/cc limit. The OSHA regulations also spe cify a maximum allowable timeweighted average exposure of 5 fibers/cc now and a reduced level of 2 fibers/cc in July 1976. The Time-Weighted Average (TWA) is a measure of the workers'average ex posure during the entire 8-hour workday. This concept is particu larly important to the tape joint industry where asbestos exposures generally occur only during a mod erate portion of some working days. As an example of Time-Weighted Average, a man might sand for two hours at an exposure level of 4 fibers/ccand work at some other job for the rest of the shift at another location where there is no asbes tos present so the exposure would be essentially zero. In this case, his Time-Weighted Average would be calculated as: (4 fibers/cc) X (2 hours) + (0 fibers/cc) X (6 hours) TWA = ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---- (2 hours) + (6 hours) (4) X (2) + (0) X (fc) 8 + 0 --sn-- =--=1 ,iber/cc- Time-Weighted Average expo sures have been estimated in the manner shown above for the seven job operations in Figure 1. The re sults are listed in the following table: Summary of Airborne Asbestos Fiber Concentrations During Drywall Sanding Location Exposure Time Estimated Ceiling During 8-Hour Exposure Sanding TWA Exposure (Fibers/cc >5tm>) (Hours) (Fibers/cc >S*jm) New York City. NY Hialeah. FL Ft. Lauderdale. FL (Hand) Detroit. Ml Dallas. TX Ft. Lauderdale. FL (Pole) Niagara Falls, NY 04 10 1.1 1.3 1.8 34 3.6 8.0 0.3 4.0 04 1.0 01 8.0 09 0.5 0.1 3.3 06 06 0.2 The estimated TWA values range from 0.9 fiber/cc down to 0.1 fiber/cc. They are all well below the current 5 fiber limit and the July 1976 2 fiber/cc limit. While it is recognized that this is only a small sample from the hun dreds of locations throughout the country where tape joints are sanded, the sanding procedures used were typical of most commer cial situations. The results pro vide good evidence that the as bestos concentrations during sand ing at most locations are generally below the allowable OSHA limits. Wet-Out of Dry-Mix Materials: In some parts of the country, drymix tape joint compounds and tex ture sprays containing asbestos are widely used. When these are mixed into water at the job site, as bestos exposure can result. Spray texture paints may contain about the same level of chrysotile asbes tos as tape joint compounds. Asbestos exposure during the wet-out of wall and ceiling spray texture was measured at two loca tions. In Figure 2 the results are compared with those of Nicholson for the wet-out of tape joint com pounds. Since these are short-term occasional exposures, the ceiling limit of 10 fibers/cc is most perti nent and is also shown on the Fig ure. I" l! m" I. !- 8 S 8 I 5 | g M JOU, CBM Mill, TDM Cm, * ciLiraMM m rout Figure 2 It is clear that the fiber counts vary widely and are also frequently well above the 10 fiber/cc limit. In the San Jose test where the bags were emptied slowly and carefully, the levels were low. At the other location where the bags were emp tied rapidly and shaken in a closed truck the fiber concentrations were in the same range as the high levels reported by Nicholson. On the basis of this data, it is prudent to wear a respirator while wetting out dry-r:ix and the bags should also be handled with care. Cleanup After lob Completion: Asbestos exposure may also occur during the cleanup after a drywall finishing job is completed. Limited data on this operation are shown in Figure 3, together with the re sults reported by Nicholson. Flgort 3 In the left-hand portion of the Figure are data obtained in a test at a Florida condominium. Both the walls and ceilings had been sanded lightly and then sprayed with tex ture paint. The texturing overspray had hardened on the floor. The normal cleanup procedure was to wet the floor lightly with water from a hand sprayer and then re move all excess material from the floor with a long-handled scraper. As might be expected, this damp operation gave a very low airborne fiber concentration of 0.3 fiber/cc. In order to get a direct compari son with other cleanup methods, a number of apartments in the same building were swept with a stiff broom, both with and without the addition of ordinary sweeping compound. It was difficult to break loose the hardened overspray so the broom work was fairly vigorous. In spite of this, the highest level A2502 9 10 i found was ceiling concentration found at each job with the respec tools with asbestos-free dry-mix of 5.5 fibers/cc produced by the tive average concentrations shown topping compound and pole dry sweeping. Use of the sweep by the dark line in the central por sanded in about four hours by a V. ing compound reduced this to 1.8 tion of .each bar. Sanding condi laborer who did this as a full-time fibers/cc. tions for each site are also noted. job. The windows were in and there These data illustrate that moist was little ventilation. At the small scraping, which is now in regular er house, Site 3, only the walls commercial use in some parts of were sanded. Respirable dust at the country, is a good cleanup Site 1 ranged from 0.15 to 3.23 method to control dust. These data mg/M1 and averaged 1.45 mg/M1. do not mean there is no asbestos At Site 3 the range was narrower dust problem during cleanup since at1.59to2.62 mg/M1 but averaged jobs where the walls have been about the same at 2.10 mg/M1. sanded heavily present more po Minnesota Site 2 w'as a four- tential for dust generation than story apartment building with an the light sanding case tested. This asbestos-free dry-mix topping com point is emphasized by the data of pound finished with hand tools. Nicholson in Figure 3 which gave There was very limited ventilation levels of 26 and 43 fibers/cc during while three men sanded together sweeping after heavy sanding. in each apartment unit until it was While it seems doubtful that levels finished and then moved on to the this high would be encountered in At the New York location, two next unit. Here the range fell in most typical job cleanup situa courses of general-purpose, ready- the much higher level of 4.06 to tions, exposures above the ceiling mix mud had been applied with 7.95 mg/M1 and the average was limit appear quite possible. More hand tools. The building was a 5.76 mg/M1. This was the only lo information is needed to define high-rise apartment with the win cation where the respirable dust better the levels to be expected dows open and a light breeze blow level consistently exceeded the under routine field conditions. ing. A five-man crew of tapers was OSHA limit. Airborne Respirable Dust Exposure in Drywall Sanding It was noted in the first article spot sanding lightly by hand or with a pole sander as needed and touching up with a finish coat of These data show clearly that there can be a very wide, tenfold, difference in the average respirable that there is an OSHA standard general-purpose, ready-mix. Usu dust levels for the different sever which sets the maximum allowable ally only one man was working in ities of sanding. Light, touch-up exposure level to the respirable each room. Respirable dust levels sanding with good ventilation gave fraction of nuisance dust at 5 milli from personal samplers ranged about 0.5 mg/M1. The three tests grams per cubic meter (mg/M') of from 0.2 to 1 milligram per cubic with one man sanding steadily with air. In simplest terms, a nuisance meter and averaged a very low 0.55 little ventilation ranged from 1.5 dust is a dust which does not have mg/M1. to 3 mg/M1 and averaged 2.1 the exposure level controlled by any of the other standards for spe cific materials. Even if a dust con taining asbestos and/or crystalline The Michigan test took place at a multilevel dwelling (approximate ly 2,300 square feet floor area) fin ished with a dry-mix topping com mg/M1; about four times that for touch-up. Three men sanding to gether increased the average level to about 2.5 times that of one man silica is in compliance with the pound. The windows were closed sanding alone and 10 times that of standards for these materials, it would still be in violation if the and there was no ventilation. A laborer, who normally spends most touch-up. It is very clear that the dust level at the job site can be respirable dust level exceeds 5 mg/M1. of his time sanding, went over the walls and ceiling in about four changed widely by the work prac tices employed. The concentration of respirable dust during sanding was measured at five of the job sites in three states. These levels, expressed as milligrams of respirable dust per cubic meter of air, are shown in Figure 4. The crosshatched bars give the range of concentrations hours with a pole sander. Respir able dust ranged from 1.55 to 5.34 mg/M1 and averaged 3.02 mg/M1. The tests at Minnesota Site 1 and Site 3 were quite similar to that in Michigan. Both were residential dwellings of 2500 and 1500 square feet, respectively, finished by hand Airborne Crystalline Silica (Quartz) Exposure in Drywall Sanding The airborne quartz concentra tion in the dust generated during thesanding of tape joint compound was measured at five job sites in three states. The concentrations A2503C (Continued on page 30 ) 11 The new generation of U.S.G. joint compounds. make them work as well or better i A2503 1 Now you can more than meet OSHA's job re quirements regarding airborne asbestos dust... dust raised through mixing and sanding of joint compounds. And comply without sacrificing job performance. Asbestos-free Joint Com pounds from United States Gypsum offer you both powders and ready-mixed products, for mulated to the highest standards by U.S.G. Research Laboratories. These superior com pounds were field-tested on a national scale for a full year on 16 key workability counts. Results were nothing short of outstanding! We think you'll especially like our new ready-to-use com pounds that make mixing, thinning, or retem pering completely unnecessary...that dry crater-free without need for extra sanding or skim coating. Jobs finished up faster and easier. New asbestos-free texture finishes are the per fect companion products to meet job require ments on walls and ceilings. Check out this re markable new generation of joint compounds and texture finishes with your U.S.G. Repre sentative. Or write to us at 101 S. Wacker Dr., Chicago, III. 60606, Dept. DN-16 UNITED STATES GYPSUM BUILDING AMERICA (Continued from page 11) found, expressed in micrograms per 2 results.The mud used in New York allowable limit. The whole range cubic meter, are shown in Figure 5. contained about three times as of quartz concentration in between /C. A microgram (pg) is 1/1000 of a much quartz as that used in Minne is possible depending on the kind milligram so these levels are much sota. The sanding was lighter in of mud used and the sanding pro lower than the respirable dust. The New York, however, and only about cedures followed. maximum allowable TWA and Ac one third as much dust was gen Summary and Conclusions tion Level proposed by NIOSH, the erated. These opposing factors bal The exposure to airborne asbes quartz content of each mud, and anced out to give the same quartz tos during the sanding of tape joint the average level of respirable dust level at both locations. A mud with compound was measured under measured at each job location are a high-quartz level, sanded lightly, routineworkingconditionsat seven also given. can thus give the same airborne job sites in four states. A wide vari --i i i i i 1 1 quartz concentration as a low- ety of sanding conditions was MPIMAI SOT "9 9 T* I quartz mud sanded heavily. I1 11 tested. Exposure to respirable dust and crystalline silica (quartz) was also measured at most of these wmn nu tmm . IUMu n HTOI tSUUfcl BIST sites. The airborne asbestos ceiling i m. i awn t UE T B o.) n a19 uni concentration found at each of the sites ranged from 0.4 to 3.6 fibers/cc longerthan 5 micrometers compared with an allowable level e.: i M.ll 1L W ' \ iomauismtfia H11 EE 111 rat an . umuu urt } i.u wcmibm utmw* amor* uu t sin i u> i.x t.to klunwVlit iMt Figure S Two locations, Minnesota Sites 2 and 3, had quartz concentra x1' X lx X^ X yi SI e 'itsaui iwun icvmin) 0 i 9 nMTIIC INPlttl u 11 1 1 1 t 1.1 1-1 l. --- * 1 MIBfl KUI1 M*T1 n (try) Ftfar* I The broader applicability of this of 10 fibers/cc longer than 5 mi crometers. Time-Weighted Average exposures were also calculated for each job and were found to vary from 0.2 to 0.9 fibers/cc longer than 5 micrometers. These levels are well below both the OSHA limit of 5 fibers/cc now allowed tions that were above the pro principle is illustrated in Figure 6 and the 2 fibers/cc level sched posed action level, and a third, Michigan, approached this level. The other two jobs tested, New York and Minnesota Site 1 had very low quartz levels and were well, below the Action Level. Three out of five of these job sites thus had concentrations high enough so that regular monitoring would probably be required underthe proposed reg ulations. The results for Minnesota Site 2 are of particular significance. Here three men sanded together in each apartment and generated the high est observed respirable dust level of 5.66 mg/M 1 but the quartz level which compares the concentration of quartz in the respirable dust with the concentration of quartz in the mud being sanded. Over the range of mud concentrations tested, these two concentrations are approximately equal. On this basis, a mud containing 2.5% quartz sanded at the most severe conditions like Minnesota Site 2 could give a quartz concentration around lOOpg/M1, far above the allowable level. It was shown in the first article that the eleven commercial muds tested had quartz levels ranging from 0.3 to 2.5%. The tape joint uled to go into effect in mid 1976. Asbestos exposure during the wet-out of dry-mix tape joint com pounds and spray-texture paint was examined. Ceiling exposures for this short-duration operation ranged from 2.7 to 62 fibers/cc longer than 5 micrometers. It is possible to keep the concentra tions at acceptable levels by care ful handling of the bags, but it is probably desirable and may be nec essary to wear an approved respir ator during this operation. The sub stitution of ready-mix is also an obvious possibility. Cleanup procedures after com was not the highest found by a con industry thus appears to be facing pletion of drywall operations were siderable margin. The mud being a range of conditions. Light sand tested briefly. Both high and low sanded had a low quartz content so the dust generated also con tained less quartz. This point is shown more spe cifically by a direct comparison of the New York and Minnesota Site ing of low, and even medium, sili ca muds should give quartz con centrations well below the pro posed Action Level. Heavy sanding of high-quartz muds is likely to give concentrations well over the asbestos dust levels appear to be possible, depending on the amount and type of sanding done and the type of sweeping. A very effective wet-spray and scraping cleanup method now in general use in some \ 25032 30 News About Training By Robert Stilz. Executive Secretary. National loint Painting. Decorating and Drywall Apprenticeship and Training Committee As we end 1975, we thought that the industry -- and in par ticular, the contributing employ ers -- would be interested in reviewi ng the track record of the Na tional Painting, Decorating and Drywall Apprenticeship and Man power Training Fund. It is only through the support of the contributing areas that we are able to progress toward appren ticeship needs of the future. Con tributions are now received from management and labor agreements in 16 District Councils, more than 40 Local Unions and 32 National Contractor Agreements. Thus, we earmarked over three-fourths of our 1975 budget to supply the manuals and materials needed for successful apprenticeship pro grams throughout the Drywall In dustry. The Drywall Finishing and Wall covering workbooks and testbooks released by the National Commit tee in 1972 embarked us on a cap sule concept that has proven bene ficial to training in the industry. The use of these manuals by many areas demonstrated the great need for the capsule course to serve changing apprentice programs and journeyman classes. In 1973, the Committee released for appren tice classes the Special Coatings Manual, a complete capsule course encompassing the preparation and application of epoxies, polyure thanes and acrylics--materials much in demand on all surfaces used in the industry today. And, in 1974, the apprentice instructors were presented with a complete apprentice and instructor first year workbook and testbook with an in structor's packet and slide set for use in the classroom. January 1, 1975 saw an increase to 30% in the discount imple mented for the contributing areas for all manuals stocked by the Na tional Committee office, in addi tion to the complimentary copies of all materials developed by the Committee which are sent to con tributing areas. 1976 will be the year for the development and re lease of six new capsule courses by the Committee through a con tract with Ohio State University, a leading educational center in its field. The Committee is also planning an Instructor's Seminar in early 1976, again with some reimburse ment to contributing areas for their participation. The Seminar will cover the use of the new materials developed, guidance and teaching methods for the instructor, use of audio visual aids in the classroom and sessions relating to the needs of instructors. Presently, we are nearing final development of the Instructor's Manual, with a new set of 800 slides, for a two-year Drywall Fin isher Apprentice Program. This program was sponsored and de veloped by management and labor within District Council #48 in Southern California, and the orig inal material will be purchased and reproduced by the Committee for distribution to all JATC areas in need of such a course. Also, in the early stages of de velopment is a promotional film outlining all facets of the trade and enhancing apprenticeship for the high school level student. The film will be seen on educational tele vision at selected times and will be available for area use at career days. It is felt that education of the young men and women at the high school level as to the duties and abilities required and the fu ture available to them in the indus try will secure for the employer better apprentices, thus top me chanics. Gypsum Drywall Contractors In ternational is an active participant on the Joint Committee, along with the Painting and Decorating Con tractors of America and the Inter national Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades. GDCI Members T.J. Vogle and Bernard Carroll serve as Trustees of the Fund, and Executive Director Howard Leederman is a member of the Steering Committee. Meetings are held four times per year throughout the na tion and are open to all concerned persons. We well realize the trying times that are facing everyone in our in dustry today, but through the con tinuing efforts and cooperation of you the employers and the contin uing support of the contributing areas, we will survive, apprentice ship will flourish and we will meet and conquer the changes that face us. clips on*clamps down*snaps off Assures flush bonding of wallboard on studs.. .no lipping saw up to 154/sq. ft. installation cost makes batten strips obsolete invisible... no trace left after use makes entire wall stiffer and less resonant. FREE bulletin gives complete details CLIP-IT CORP. 340 Woodbndge Aw., Buffalo, N.Y. 14214 (716) 836-72$ Distributor and Rep inquiries invited .\25033 29 parts of the country was demon strated. The concentrations of respirable dust .generated by light touch-up sanding, by continuous sanding by one man, and by continuous sand ing by three men were compared and found to vary by a factor of about ten. The highest concentra tions found were above the OSHA limit for nuisance dust. The quartz content of eleven commercial muds was found to vary from 0.3 to 2.5%. The quartz content of the common raw ma terials used in the manufacture of tape joint compounds suggests that a completely quartz-free mud may be difficult to attain. Exposure to airborne sanding dust containing crystalline silica (quartz) was found to range from 2 to 47 micrograms of quartz per cubic meter of air sampled. Three of the five locations tested gave levels above or close to the NIOSH proposed Action Level of 25 micro grams per cubic meter. The air borne quartz level depended di rectly on the quartz content of the mud and on the severity of sand ing. It could be much higher than 47mg/M3 under readily attainable conditions. Atthese levels, the pro posed OSHA regulations on crystal line silica would require monitor ing and other precautions similar to the present asbestos regulations. SBNORTHERN CALIFORNIA DRYWALL CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION V~rr .i ''.vi.v- -ifl ir&Sj t-' 1975-76 Officers (Left to right) Bill Thc&npson, Jr.. Golden Gate Drywfell, Secretary: Jim Johnson, Frank D. Smith Company, Vice President; Gene Warden. Anning-Johnson Com pany, President; Al Fries, A&A Drywall, Treasurer. I 1:5311 CA1 fat 1975-76 Board of Directors (Standing, Laft to right) Jim Brenrtan, Tone Tex Specialties; Jcife Puccio, J.L. Puccio Company; Jim Johnson, Frank D. Smith Company; Gene Warren, AnningJohnson Corr^any; Al Fries, A&A Drywall. (Seated, Left to right) Bill Thompson, Jr., Golden Gate Drywall; Joe Thayer. Thayer's Drywall; Ronaldy. Becht, Execu tive Director qfNCDCA. Not pictured--George Burdick. Azte Drywall; Jim Hill, San JoaqAin Valley Drywall. (Continued from page 27) rhead busi-j :o sl nsrof ng all Dhasis pping iable. cornseen 2 a lot of good mojfey. Just take a look at the bankruptcy rate in this country. IAll too often Aie subcontractor "service trade contractor heg/s th^ list. The "PROOF' prograart can pro-' vide the CDCI contractor with the sharpened ax he needs and the ability to move uD^and perhaps sur pass his compemion. Would you readers like t^r know what the na tional avenge is for the drywall industry^Vatch for the survey in the next issue of "GDCI Drywall" and you will be given an oppor tunity to participate. 5034 San Diego March 1976 31 Georgia-Pacific Speed Set. The joint compound that understands your problems. Speed Set understands. It understands the problem asbestos can cause in a joint compound--so there hasn't been a spec of asbestos in Speed Set for more than two years of actual field use. It understands your interest in time and money. So, Speed Set lets you pick from more than just one working time-- whatever suits your needs best. (That's understanding!) And because shrinkage and cracking are problems you can live without, Speed Set resists turning your job into a nightmare. Speed Set: The first product of its kind with all these advantages. It can really help ... if you'll let it. Georgia-Fbcific ^ .2503b 0