Document p2mwgZ7qJvz4GEa9pgoYXMmVw

E. !. ou Pont oeiMNMmeomaroaurs 5 Com*ny Fabric* *i Finishes Department CC: R. S. ulem, Mar. Lcb . Marshall R A 3 '.cfcorcfory Aoril i, 1973 E. E. SWAIN, JR. B-2373 WILMINGTON 65-LINE PREPARAKOT B* SANDING DUST Attached i* 0 summory of the experiments I performed to determine the amount of airborne asbestos in sanding dust from 65-Line Preperakote*. The level. In general, is within 1976 OSHA standards for asbestos (2 fibers/ml longer than 5 microns - time weighted average). Unanswered still are: e The amount of encapsulated asbestos in the respirable dust e The effect of the encapsulated asbestos on the iung tissue. I do not (mow how to determine the amount encapsulated - one guess - would put the maxi-ruras the proportion of tale ond asbestos in the paint solids. However, the amount is going to be less than thatsinee we do not count fibers less than 5 microns in length and a significant portion of the respirable dust would be leu than 5 microns in diameter. If we can be of further help, please contact me. TJN:|p 4/4/73 ATTACH. PROCESS CHEMISTRY SECT'ON MANUFACTURING SUPPORT GROUP , , /..'xi-- THOMAS J. NELSON 090^'9 `347 DU 024561 SUM,VARY SAND'NG SAVPt.S U - Taken or refinish training center while operator sording fender. Asbestos - 2.3 fibers/ml* (7 fibers/100 fields) ^2 - Token while sanding pone!* laying flat on bench top. Pilfer was 6 inches to the side and 2 inche* up from bench. 80% of dust particles flowed below filter. Asbestos - 1.6 fiber*/ml. (2 fJbers/50 field*) *3 - Taken while sanding on bench top. Filter 3-4 inches above sender. Asbestos - 3.2 fibers/ml* (3 ffbers/50 fields) NOTE: 1976 OSHA limit is 2 fiben/ml., in sample *1-6 hours sending of this level would meet the 2 fiber limit and ^3-5 hour*. Samole #3 was probably higher in dust than operator would receive since the sample we: close to source. In both case* - sanding for longer than 5 hours would be unlikely in a refinish shop. UP 0903180 DU 024562 Talk flvon to Znaulatosa on Aabostoa at Ropauno Riant on April 3, 1973. (L*^r > tJC*-, C, II. 1 `348 OUP 0903181 120993 DU 024563 mn tXTQSVKS TO AS8ESTCS *". the interest of protecting the health of its aaployaas, Oh* Ou Pent Caapar.y and your Plant Management h*v i-ai lij'nad an acceptable level Sor asbestos axpcsurs. 7h* rseesmandatien far ths acceptable laval is baaad upon tha information that no haalth problems ralatad to asbestos will result In anyona who is exposed to this concentration for thair working life time. Tha raasoa this laval has boon aad* itandaeory is natur ally to prstact tha haaleh of paopla who ara eeeupationally axpoaad to asbasees. Z am sura seaa of you hava saan Or. Kubiak froa Saskall Lab ehaeking air saaplas around tha shop araas whil* you vara doing your normal jobs. Tha purposa for ehasa air ehaeks was to datormina tha eeneaatrations of asbastea flbars in tha air and to dataxmlna what changes in jobs or equipment war* naeassary to gat and kaap tha air lavaia of aabaates at a minimum aad aa aeeaptabla laval. Thao* changes probably hava had soma affect upon tha way in which you perform your job, but they war* dona to protect your health aa w*U as the health of your fallow employees. bow, v* hava talked about what your Plant Management la dalag ta bo aura that you hava a place to work that is fra* from recognised haaarda from asbestos. Ifforts to protact your health will be ineffective unless you try to alnimla* your owa exposure ta asbastea. Thera are DUP 0903182 - 129984 DU 024564 srxrr SXPCSVyj TO AS1E3TC3 DUS' (Continued) vasal things you can do so process yourself from unaccept able expoaura so aabaasoa dust. 1.) fellow established asandard practices for handling aabaatsa. 3.) Step seeking if you dor don't atart if you don't. Zn ay opinion, it haa boon eeneluoivoly proven that cigarette snaking io a oauoa of irritation to the lungs and bronehial tubao and can eauoa cancer of the lunga and ehronie bronchitis and anphysena without any othor faetoro being preoent. Significant aabeoteo expoouro alas haa Ita primary effect on the lunga, aa we will diaeuaa further, ae the uae ef eigarettae aad their ffeeta oa the lunga could compound any problaai that developed. 3.) Tea should wash your hands, arms, and face before eating to prevent the inhalation of duet that night be on you. 4.) Be not eat in shop area where asbestoe dust aeouenlatas. 5.) Cleaa off loose dust fren clothing before leaving the plant. UP 0903183 129985 DU 024565 SMC ZXPCSTEX TC AS1ESTCI 3CT (Continued) 6.) Ue and wear *11 personal protective equip ment provided you. Csmpany atandarda tad protective equipment provided by eh* Company and designed tto protact you from aabaateaia and other ccmplicationa arc only aa effective aa your willingness to do everything possible to protact yourself. Asbestos haa bean knows to men tinea tha atoaa agas, havlny bean uaad to oaks pottary. Tha tana aabaatoa eoaaa froa tha flraak word that aaana inaxtinguiahabla or unquenchabla and la a tasa that aabracaa a number of fibroua alllcata alnarala found throuyhout tha world. There are 3 aajor typaa * of aabaatoat the type being determined by the fiber length and phyaieal propertlea. Cryaotile aabaatoa accouata for 5% ..of th< aabaatoa production and la tha typa aoit uaad In the United States. Crocldolita and Amealta are the ether two aajor types. Aabaatoa is the only mineral that ean be woven Into cloth. CoMitrical mining of aabaatoa began la the late lS70*a aad it is estimated that there are about 3000 different Industrial applications for asbestos in the united States today. This ranges from insulation material to brake shoes, in cement, floor til^ aad many othar usee. Sew let's talk a few minutes about asbestosis. Tho recognition of asbestosis aa a diaaaaa geaa back to tho first century when tha Oraak geographer, Strabo, aad tha Roman --------------- -------------- _ - DU? 090318* 126986 DU 024566 aMg (Continued) Naturalist, Hiay the Elder, each mentioned a sicknssa of the lungs in alavea whoae occupation was to weave aabeatoa into doth. The cloth at that time was used in eraaatien and waa described as the `funeral dxsss of kings*. Very little constructive medical information was obtained or pursued about asbestesis foilwing this. She modem know ledge of asbestoais dates to about 1900 when Or. >. Montague Murray of London described the fibrosis of asbestesis in the lungs of a sum who had worked in the carding root of a fac tory for 14 years. A few years later, an inspector in the Department of Labor of England, described the illness in a group of o^loyees in an stbestos weaving mill. Shis was the first report of the epidemiology of asbestesis. Unfortunately, neither he nor Or. Murrey realised the full significance of their findlage. The first written report of the Illness la the modern medleal literature was in 1924, when Sr. w. C. Cooke, an toglish physician, daseribed a case In a woman who developed symptama after working for 13 years la an aabeatoa textile mill, la wee also first ta describe the difference between asbestosis sad othsr pneumoconioses. Between 1921 and 1929, Sr. I.X.A. Haxavathar examined 343 asbestos-textile workers end found thee slightly ears then 25% showed evidence of pulmonary fibrosis with symptoms. 4* DUf 0903185 -- 120987 DU 024567 mn cgosrw ?e asbestos scs? (Continued) H also shoved that tha insi dans a of fibrosis increased in dirset proportion to tha nunber of years of exposure, reach ing 41% in tha group of worker* employad in tha industry for 20 yaars or aore. Zn 1931, aa a raault of this study, Orest Britain passed regulations to control tha dust and exposures batter than had bean dona previously. This was tha first tins that attaapts wars sada to control tha exposure of huaana to asbestos dust. On a survey in 1949 in South Africa, a larger aining area for asbestos, an Aseriean physician found children developing aabastesis before tha age of 12. Zn cheeking on.their activity, ha found that they ware eapleyad in a sill and their job was to stand in larya juts bags and pack the aabeaeoe fiber Sown with their feet as the aacerlal was baiag put into tha bag, Zn 1940, 2 physicians working iadspandaatly, ono in Tinland, and on* in South Africa, discovarad asbestos bodies in tha lungs of peepls who lived near asbestos facteriss but did net work in than, This was tha first indication that asbestos eould be inhaled without direct occupational ugru. Many studies have bean dona since thia to sub stantiate the. prevalence of asbostoo fibers in tha atnosphere. oup 0903186 129989 DU 024568 iAEI lassgtt TC A51MTS.5...SUS? (Continued) there is still such work bain? dona on aabeetea e^oaure and asbeatoaia and aueh work still needs eo be dona. Madleal authorities and industry ere becoming aera concerned ovar expoeura eo asbestos? and baeear protection and precaution* ara being davalspad. The exact mechanist of aabastcaia la unknown, bue wa baliava thae aabaaeoa fibers ara inhaled and becoae erappad In tha snail air aaea of eha lungs. lacauaa of eha aovamant of tha branchial tubas with breathing, tha fibers work into tha lining of tha bronchial tubes. They eraata a chronic irritation haro and tha body triaa to got rid of tha irrita tion and deposits various natariala around tha fibar to uXa it loss irritating and to'try to absorb it. The body nechaniaau ara net ablo to raaeva the fibors ao tha eoagloaeraca of asbaatoa fibers and defense aachaniama cake up an aabaaeoa body. The chronic irritation to the lung continuer and once the asbaatoa body is depositad, it is always prasaat. leeausa of the chronic irritation, scarring and sear tissua develop in the lung and reduce the lung's ability to nova air. This aakas the lung ao longer effective as s naans of enchanting oxygaai and then chronic lung disease called asbesteais develops. This usually first shows ss short ness of breath. K dry cough then develops and than production of blood-acreaked sputua. An occasional inhalad fiber will not cause significant scarring in the lungs ta interfere with their function, but constant inhalation of largo aiabers ------ - ----- - - .t. _ DU* 0903187 120989 DU 024569 22&E2 IXPCSrar ~3 ASBSSTCS DC5T (Continued) of floors would; and that is ehs basis for ths permissible air concentration bain? aatahlishad. Asbestosis doas net predispose somacna to tuberculosis as deas silicosis and anthracosis. Calculations suggest that asbastos workers who smoke have about 90 times tha risk of developin? lung coeplieations from asbestos exposure as do eon who neither smoke nor work with asbestos. This is the reason for receanendin? stopple? smoking if you do, don't start Making if you don't. Z think that with the program the Company and your Plant Management have started, and with your cooperation and help, there should not be any health harards related to asbestos through your working lifetime. truce w. Karsh, M.S. April 4, 1973 IHK/bjd 7 OUP 0903188 129999 DU 024570 ggQira TO AS88STOS. SC8' Za the interest of protecting the health of its saployeea, %ha Du Pont Coapany and your Plant Managaasnt have established an aceaptab la laval for aabaatea exposure. The reeomendation far tha acceptable laval is baaad upon tha infomotion that no haalth problems ralatad to asbattos will rasult in anyena who is exposed to this eoneantration for thair working lifatiaa. Tha reason this laval has baan mads mandatory is natur ally to protaet tha haalth of paepla who ara occupationally axposad to asbastos. Z am sura soma of you bava saaa Os. lublak fro* laskall Lab ehaeking air saaplas around tha shop areas while you ware doing your normal jobs. Tha pur pose for these air eheeka w^a to datarsias tha eeneaatrations of asbestos fiber* in the air and to detezalne what changes in jobs or egulpssnt were necessary to got and keep tha air Xvala ad asAaacaa tt a alnlmiai and am aecaptafela laval. Thaaa ehaagas probably have had sees affaet upon the way in which you parfooa your job, but thoy were done to protect your health as well ae the health of your follow aa^leyaea. Sow, we have talked about what your Plant Naaagasaat is doing to bo sere that you have a place to work that la free fros recognlrad harards from asbestos. Efforts to pretoot your health will be ineffective unless you try to elnisIre yeur ews exposure to asbestae. Thsrs are DUP 0903189 320991 DU 024571 ssm Eoesruj to. asbestos ars? (Continued) several things you eon do to protect yourself 2zo unaccept able exposure to aebeatoa dust. 1.) Follow established acandard practices dor handling asbestos. 3.) leap sacking 12 you do; don't aeare 12 you don't. 2a ay opinion. It has boon eoneluaivoly proven that elgaretta seeking la a eauao o2 Irritation to the lungs and bronchial tubes and can eauao eanear o2 the lunga and ehronle bronehitla and aiephyaaaa without any other faetora being preaent. lignifieant aebeatoa axpoaure alao haa lta prlaary e22eet on the lunga, aa we w4*& dlacuaa * further, so the uae of algarettaa and their sfissts os the lunga eoulC eo^eund any problen that developed. 3.) Too aheold wash year handa, araa, and 2aeey before eating to prevent the Inhalation of duet that sight be oa yet. 4.) Be net eat In shop area where aebeatoa duat eeeumtlatas. I.) 41aaa. edf lease deaf 2if uiwtttug befogs latataf-tbapluMv -a- Up 903I9o 120992 DV 024572 amrr EXfCSCTJ TC ASBESTOS Best (Continued) 6.) Use and wear ail personal protective equip ment provided you. Co any standards and proeactiva equipment provided by tie Conpany and designed to protect you from asbestosis and other eoaplieations are only as effective as your willingness to odco everything possible to protect yourself. r~ Asbestos has been known to aeo since tits sCoaSayes, r&n. having been used to aako pottery. The tea asbestos eoaes -S.;*y*-t-***V T fron the Orsek word that Mans inextinguishable or unguench- "* able and is a tea that embraces a sober of fibrous silicate lineals found throughout the world. These are 3 aajor types of asbestos; the type being detaraiaed by the fiber length and physical properties* Crysotile asbestos accounts for tax f tie uk*(M fn4Mtla uS ie eke type a*n used la tb* United States. Crocidoliee and Amoslts are the other two najor types. (Tubeetoe is the only mineral that can bs\--^ (^woven into clathy Caairleal lining ef asbestos began in the Inte UTO'a and it is estioated that these are about 3000 differeat industrial applieatiens for asbestos in the (felted States today. This ranges from insulation material te brake shoes* in coast, floor til^ and easy other uses. ow let's talk a few minutes about asbestosis. The recognition ef asbestosis as e disease gees back to the first eeatury when the Oreek Seographsr, Strabo* and tho tssu DUP 0903191 l29993 DU 024573 aim mresra ?o asbestcs sow (Continued) raturalise, Plinjr' the Eldar, each mentioned a sickness of the lunga la alavaa whoaa occupation vaa to waava aabaatea into cloth, na doth at that time vaa uaad in cremation and was described as the *funeral dross of kings". Very little constructive aedleal Information was obtained or pursued about asbestosla faHewlag this. The modem know ledge of asbestosls dates to about 1*00 when Or. I. Montague Murray of leaden described the flbreais of asbestosls la the lungs of a man who had worked la the carding rocs of a fac tory for 14 years. A few years latex, as inspector la the Department of Labor of laglaad, described the illness la a group ef employees la an'asbestos weaving mill. Thia^vajj ^ ,, the first rsport of the epidemiology ef esbestoais. Unfortunately, neither he nor Sr. Mirray realised the full slyalflessee of their' findings. The first written report xV<- of the illness in the modem medical literature was la 1*34, whan Dr. V. I. Cooke, an English physician, described a case in a woman who developed symptoms after working for 13 years in am asbestos taxtils mill, la was also first tn describe tha difference between asbestosls sad ether pacaeeoalosaa. Between 11 and 1*29, Dr. I.X.A. Nsrewcthcr examined 343 asbestos-textile workers and found that slightly aore then 23V showed evidence ef pulmonary fibres la with symptoms. -4- DUP 0903192 129994 DU 024574 PEAT? gXKSS'M TS ASBIST3S 3CST (Continued) He elso showed thee the incidence of flhrosis Increased in direct preportion eo the masher of yeezs of exposure, reach ing list in the group of workers employed in the industry for 20 years or aero. Sn 1931, as a result of this study, Oreae Britain passed regulations to control the dust and exposures .i bettor than had been dona previously. This was the first tiae that attests were made to control the exposure of htaans to asbestos dust. On a survey la 1949 in South Africa, a larges Mining area for asbestos, an Aaeriean physician. found children developing asbestosis befgre the age of 13. In cheeking os their activity, he found that they were esgloyed in a ill and their job was to stand is largo jute bags and peck the eabeatee fiber down with their feet as the material was being put late the bag. Zb 1M0, 2 physicians working independently, one in Pinland, and oae in South Africa, discovered asbestos bodies Is the laags of people who lived near asbestos factories but did set work is thsa. this was the first indication that asbestos could be inhaled without direct occupational cspoeuro. Many studies have bees done since this to sub- DUP 0903193 129995 DU 024575 2&B BXPCSCRB to ASBESTOS DCS* (Continued) There Is still such work beiny dens on asbestos e^eau;* Kid asbestosis and much work still nssds to b dona. Mtdieal authoritiss and industry aro becoming mors eoncamsd over exposure to asbestos; and bsttsr protection and prscautions arc belay developed. The exact mechanism of aabestoais is unknown, but we believe that asbestos fibers are inhaled and become trapped in the small air sacs of the lunys. Because of the movement of the bronchial tubes with breathing, the fibers work into the liainf of the bronchial tubes. They create a chronic irritation here and the body tries to yet rid of the irrita tion and deposits various materials around the fiber to make it less irrifeatiny and to try to absorb it. The body mecha nisms are not able to remove the fibers so the eonylomorate of asbestos fibers and defense mechanisms asks up an asbestos body. The ehxtmle irritation to tho luny continues and ones the asbestos body is deposited, it is always present. Because of the ehronie irritation, eearrlay and scar tissue dcvb reduce <oJsf*f ability to move air.-' This amias tho luny aeleayor effective as a means of sxshseyiay omyynai tad than ehronie luny disease c^llsd^ asbcstosls devsellops. This usually first shows m-tas sberts*zA ' ----1-- A dry cqugt^ then develops*ta^ tl^en production sf blood-streaked sputum? An occasional inhaled fiber will sot causa siynifleant scarriny in tho luays to laterfsra with their fuaetion, but constant inhalation of larye numbers DUP 0903194 - 129996 DV 024576 bmt rooauEz tc asbestcs jm (Continued) of fibars wouldi and that la tha baala for tha pamlaalbla air eoneantratioa bain? aatabliahad. Aabaatoaia dear nee pradiapeaa aeaaona to tubareuloaia aa doaa ailieoala and anthraeoaia. i ^-rjt <0--v <*ss*^. *> -aft Calculations auffaav'thac aabaatoa vockara who asoka hm about >0 tiaas tha rlak of davalopiay lung co^llea- feleaa from aabaatoa axpesura aa do mb who naithar aaoka nos work with aabaatoa. fhla la tha-soaaon-fag racaenand-- tof-iaeyftM makt-iy--if yf'i 4ri| don't atart-awoklny U you ! X think that with tha proyraa tha Coupany and your , blaat Muayaaant havo atartad, and with your coeparatlen ~ and holp, thara should not bo any haalth haxarda ralatad to aabaatoa through your worklay lifatlaa. Iruao *. Karsh, M.D. April 4, 1973 IWK/bjd 7 DUP 0903195 t29997 DU 024577