Document p2263EarQav1gpJRG27J4g0Da

FILE NAME: ZD^D/ DATE: DOC#: ^D/ DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:WWZZ/,& DdZZZ/, _. - ,_~ ' - -- - ,_...... - -- ~-~..... _ .. .r: _.._,_, ~,,. - ..____ - . -- ~- - -" I 1955 lT\i\/Pii .nLL: ~'Ir lL il ilr 1\\J '..: U~JA ! ! / I l FOUNDliTION I I TRAI\SACTIO;\S Dul..LETI.N KO. 29 I I INDUSTI\L\L JIYGIE!'.'\E FOU!\D:\TIO.:\ OF A:\IEIUCA MELLOi'\ L\STITUTE I HOO FlITll A\'f.:'\UE r1rrsnunca IJ, I'.l I I I . ,_ I f \ 7 .... THE ECOt~OMICS OF ll~DUSTRIAL HEALTH A. R. FISHER P1c1iclcnl, John1-Mon1llc Corporlron ' l. ' .I As a trustl'e of tlie l11cl11slri:ll Dntural, I suppo~t', th:it l sl1onll be lTy!..'il'llC Fo11111Litior1, it is only and its ac1:o:npli,h111l'11!s d11rir1::: JI<; q11il1' 1'11tlw,ia..;1i1 :ihll1tt its uillls tll"r111~ y1:1rs ot ,..,nj,.,. to i11r!11~ try. To mc. t!1-~ ntely supporll'U Fo11r:<latiou in<;titu1io11s l':\L'111plirtr-; to i111pro ll"liat i:; hri11::: clone l1y prt When I us~ the \\"Or<l "health," \e tltc health of the I do 11ot restrict it to nation. it<; logical sense. )Iy ro11c1pt of sure yot1r~ is totl. :\ol\":iday~ it is much broader th:in that. phy.;ioAnll l a111 only aLout tli.-.l':l~f.'" :111d wli111 \\1' ~p1;1:, of h1'.1}11J. \rt' do not iuj11rirs tliat ali'lirt 111a11ki11<l. l-:1 think apnodrtatnl.ite amreemthbeersmCo'fnt:hiliswfdal-m1i.elyin.:; aud the personal clq;uityp1aolfly mi1a1n1- uc Throu:;hout the :l!!t'S ni:in 's well-licin~ ccrn. Since the d1l\rn of ci,iliz:ition, h:is bern his chief con ar;ainst part, con11non ail111111t'i and Ul'l'aJcd nian bs epid.:mics. "''ll:!l1t protection B11t for the mo-;t elf-prmcsacnn'-satCio'tnio.rts:\e\>itrhrerri1t1lidri\riudluiunl!! arnladc;ci;nrsspired by his instinct for much atlrntion to the lie:ilth of th~ 11or cornmu11ity . pri\"\1te groups paid Our \rorlJ man l>ho fir~t i<; many thouc;:inds of rears remo,Cll sou~ht shelttr in a can and from primitiYc fanatical mcdicint! yet, iu m:iny man to cure his pl1ysical \rho J:iter rcliccl anll mental ills. on a And ditions not re:?ions of thr glohr. million'\ of propl1' f.'Xist too 11nlik<.' those of pri111iti\"t' 1111<ler con and superstitions pre,:iil. hi:;h. Ju 111:111. Disra~c i-; r:imp:rnt. Po\"crty, ig-nor:incr Thr. death rat<.' is able. m:inr :ireas. lium:rn life It is a hur<lt'11 to cast off. is considered chcnp and expend \ \ I I l \ .. \ \ The Most EITcclin .Approach It is only in our Wc,rrrn been ni:iJ~ .\111l till' ~rr:it""' ci,ilin1tion that rl'al prn~r<.''>S h:1.; States an<l C.111.ttl.1. prO!!rt''>'i Prrli:ip' thrre i~ lt:is lil'1'n reMrd1'tl in n cl1,li11it1' r1asH1 for tlir Uuit,d tli1s. is tl1c midtllr ;q111n1ad1. \\"1 do not hL'nlth C'lllirdy to the :.:o,rr11111C'!lt lra\"C !lie prohhm o( tlir Ottr' nat iou s pri\':tlto ::ro11p'. :\or 1!0 \\"I' . We 111':.!lrc! it M do 11ot 1...1\1 it c11t1rdy m111ly pa~ lip srrvil'I' tu Throu~h l'Xpcri111cr. wr lt:i\~ fo111icl our wny to lr1 q11itC' to ii l'ffldiw is hnOmtlhlredr rion111l1l1rli'1ct.;:1111it1ra1rl 1S10t!at:ri;s.:rarrndwirClai11t1li111lnw. nIrn ththrisn:ict1iorn1111':ci cltii1ona,l1hI [ 12] ....., . - .. . ---~ -.... - -------------- 'll'd .Tourual. Ir <kalt wi1l1 Englau1l 's l'l.'lll.'1l that a man in En:.:hncl \\1.'lll in i ._. lt'\'\h h~ hail ulitai11o.\ 11111irr Hri" Th~ 111an 's appli:;1ti011 f,Jr :\ S!cood tv\1n lJy the city's h._altli eot:nt:il on r q11otc--"excrcis1'll l:ick of :arc by , ii ., rai~e<l somr intcrec;:in~ <Jl!rstions. ':il'I.' tooth n1:in tirst wwt i11 or diJ :1t:11lar SL':I :ihr:>ys 1011".:h and arc the : re:ncrs of false teeth 7 1 tk dcnic<l :i. sccotlll set o( fahe tcdlt ...-.11sihilit: in the mntttr of f:il,,e t('cth . ;tr. Gut to .<::1y that :i.bo11t f:ibc keth .- of socializcc.l medicine. For ~l)lllcone " of the folsc tooth man, how did he place 1 ;,;'. of the nation is diffcrcn: from that '.:"o\crnmrntcontro!lc._\ hltlth pro:.:ram b:- pr1Yatc ent0rprise. It is an e:I. '~cncics :\till pri,ntc t'lltl.'rprisl.' work- .o<l. :;inizatiom in the l'nitt'd Stake; :rn<l 1tlu:ll contriout1ons and dedicated to .hlic of both nations. Thac :~re also l :, :ii1' alld cit:-. And thl'rr are or:::ini7.a,. ltf':ilth of tlio"'e en::.::i;:etl in ir1cl11stry. : !1:\tion is an outst:lnclin!: example. trly <:npportrd, lorn! :rncl state go,ern.l fedl'ral hr:\lth :'l!!Cncics cloing- wondcr- ple, the Unit,,1l Sr:itcc:; Puuli.: Health nrcilrnt or~ani1.:1tion h:ic:; li- en most .;dior:1tin;: \\'ith iis in indnc:;tl) to solve '''\ prolilcmc; in hralth. :1 w.1.v of dniil~ thill!:'"'. Our priY~te th._, :;owr11111t'll! :1n1l 011r :,:O\t'r11mcnt w.1y, \\'C nt.1i11 our fnr1lom nnd our I f I I t f ~ t.I t i I I '''elf arc .t ~ prol!lole'\ the wcl\.\.il'ill:: of t!1c in : 011r ~Ol'nlll1 1l nadil'tO~r;iYc st:cunty 1n11111l11t. Directly we in i11tlt1stry arc ( 1:J ] .----------- . '~ . -. . \ .: ..'~ I } , :. M ~:: --------- .------ ~-- \ \ intcrcstl'J in ment. ,\111! t tit~ Clllploy1c front the Jay of us. h:it cH~r:. :i J\S you all know, ~0>1\ m1as11rc of cmploy111rnt nf the span to rdire pro~ratuo; ncc<l ouly b:i'ir1l 011 i111l11-;try ilo1" tn:ii11tai11111:: a so;1 lhio; tl1ro11:.:h uf lift.' rarf'f1i!l;- 0i mo~t 1:.111 has impro\'rcrfJ1.rthrto111a::hfe\\' stati-,tis to 1r1ttl:tli1z1t1i1lh(lrwi11 talitsc111n1l hotly. 111J \\"e pri\'ate lation i.:roups. ln l~fl'.l tl1t1h r <l'ii1fe11lifi'n:'\p'<1l1effort-; 01 ' nation's ht:!:iltb state, i11dno;try ;ind In W lGj-l :1S th e 1G li f ;>l';.rs. e cxre1t:i F o r tit.~ ;:cner:ilt:1p11>1p:td01111':iotlnir i11d11-.tri;il pop11. 70 ~-c.1rs or the life cx .11\ iiit:rl'a"'11of.'Y~infyetahres. iwlu--trial popnl:iittio\\n';(<;was<~; n:r":airr!!. years. Tht'rpcrcatarcnctyru\lCy1ssi:~i1l!1>iofieahn11t ,\111! for iO in 1').j-1, th1 ;.!111rr.tl an int'rt'.l'>~ ly p0p11lation pectnncy of thr :;:r::.~r:1l ::rnt fi!!ureo:;. population h:i<: They ~ho'~ th:it of the only life lS iinodgutshterial:lispt o.pfju yr:ir\.\nrl th1y ~how in<'rtW':d that th rn11::lil,\ .1 thll d c:i;. d11r- These achalnacteios nhahvaes ibnecernca~dcu<le more th;me laifehaPlxt picncttnlnticsy poefriothde. AmazTihnge afic~huirer\'semi:nts of our rno<lcrnto scaiecnotnisstis1.kralile e~tcnt to the tiondiamypro,in~ th~ lnlle.s:ct;l~hshoofwtl:ethHe ;)important p;irt played by ind is directed by enlightened.tiponro. felstsliioansadlouc ~o hecnusc ustry industry stthoecikrhoolbdleigrsatiaonnds tahned pruebslriocn. sibilitics to their mem:i1pulo!:y:ceress, who realize This concern tivel: modern for the in<li\'i<lual 's \\c customers, years t n:;o, oo idea . \ t ont! gave a the start thou of the l fare, of cour-;c, Industrial nc\'o is :i rda oo frequently employees r;ht to man's were lookctl up health or his lution ~00 d i g n i t y . \ I ! on tionofdaictitcosr.ies)Ieann,d wPo1mineens. anSdw ch ilJ rr.n "ere I:riasnmspe1r01entceh<l:ittcls or com What little txnrnplc, wh pro;;rcss eatshop contlitious there was cou from prc\ailcd . homei curred in at ''"as co1:sidcred 1$42, almost a c n l<l mik:>tone inhairudlllUy<;l>treiatlctectctl. For ~: i Revolutiou. dren under At th:it 12 yc time )[:ise..n<;t:utcrlrynscattf.<te: rpa~t<h:e.rdst.1rt of l relations oc the lnuustri:il tihn:i.mtam1f::irturin~ ilCrs"l:oibfli,:ltt!r!nccufrtoo:m; \\orkin:.; a. bw morr th:rn forhill<li11~ 10 hnur~ dul the capit:di~m of a c111t11r.\ . I :i::o mention ii; : for thi<; 111r.rcly to a <h;> point out i c capitAaldismni1ttceJxI_i:s.-t,ingeairnlythte l'.nitL'<l State" ;i1ul Cr:lyl\:tfcrlo:im!otthlae pru;.:rc-;siH cnsioo, inhum:w to the hc:ilt :ul<l r11thlap~"i"tali'Y.il<l 'rywal~ittprimitive, crnd~ y. a111l. on o.: ploycrs. ~orh,w;wpo; r:kliilyn~.tltuL1'011Hlitio1t<:. iltltl lr. if any, tho11~lit ~Cll('rnl wrlfarc W:1'> ~iwn of !null'S, poll11tl'tl !-trr:1111-;.d1<t.'l\:\":ii,1~011111t1u1rnthe effect 011 tl1~ of the 1111 co1111111t11ity brunArJm;; n:rzni1nli;olplir1o~rri1:1s11si.-;h11a1s1\'" 1)f !111 fadorytalntH<1lnllmionce~.ur:itionnl health been (1H11nJ(lc in climin:itin~ such condilious j - . -- f ----- I \ l3ut p:1.,t c\jJ, O( OUrS tl1c :1n .li1li1dt t1 !in d111111. Ercn i11 tlti., l!11li;;lii..11c1l <'fa talism. Jlll"lllOr,Y oi lon11l'r \ITOll6S Still !JalllllS tlic WOn.i capi- i Those 'd10 wuuhi' u11d1r111in~ still Luil1l lll' 1!i.-ir s:r.1\1111tr1 or our system of pri,atr enterprise tinue to hurl t!:c1r reckle~-; rill e!1.1r~1-; at fi.:rit1011s \1111d111ilh as tllty al11111! ti:' <'xrl1ii1;itio11 uf con- mon ni;rn. For:u11.itcl.1 the: :iri: minority. The i:i!sity oi th1rr fa-.t liccor11i11:.: a tltL' 1orn- 1rud1rll: 11tak shocked and !i~uuncJ tlitrn claims is too app~n:11t. 11;- its a:n:i1.ir1::; :.triclcs. I 11d11~try }1;i:; To be s11ri:-, i11d11-;~r:"s ;11r;ik1nin~ 1r:i-; a s!ow ullL'. ago a few lra1l1rs in i1:du-.try :ittt1 Fifty ye.us trorkin~ ('Ondi: ions o( t1nploy11";. 11ptcd to impro\'c tl1c hralth and lJ;1t it ll":lS ju~t an attempt. The fe,., efforts th;>.t w:re 11i:ide ll"t>rr cn1d.~ little fin.1ntial support 1r,1' o:l"trrd It j-; :in<l isol;itctl. .And nn: :-.urpri-in~ precious was slow. Then the pu!oli~ 1 !' vo1o~e w.1s heard. lli:tt prn'.!rr<;s The p11ulic'" g-rowin~ concern for tbe hc:ilth attention of industry. of :Ii.~ There emjllo:~e 1r~re w:is forcibly brou;:ht to the . co.ses, too mar.y tr~!!rdir.; i!1 !li1 just too many ocrup:ition:il disllllUl':i, mill:; anJ fa~tori1'S. .:\nd to r the great cretl1t of inclustry, t!:r pr0i.ilr11:s \l"C'rc reco611i1.cu. I tel I.ndustry no longer or commod1t: to be con:.iclercd ;in l'mployl'e rut on the liloc to be n mere chat- I highest bidder. His rli;::nity :is :t k h11m:rn :lll<l anctio11e1l off to the udng \r;is ackuowled:;ed. Public-spiritecl men of w~:ilth endowed l probe ioto occura11011al li:i::inl~ and lli~l'ascs rese:irch institutions to I and procedurrs to irnpron th<' hr:ilth nf a11cl to clewlop mrthods the in<li\iclnal. of the em- . t l ployee in in<lmtry :ind <'Onclitions in the comlllunity. t Pro~rrssi\'r-minrk<l ro111p:ir.irs pushed nhr:tl\ with lie:i Ith :incl s:i f ro;l:ili\i.,lted medical clinics. They I I and still bcin~ are. b.1"'c\ ou t.1ki11g dy pro:;r:i ms. The pro;:rams carr of th1' phy~ic:il :ind mental were, well- ( I of t'll1jilo.H1s. molin~ the common hrlpi11.!! good. :ind prutcctin:; the co11.,u111cr ond pro- ~ From Ddc11siH to OITcnsirc oo 111 thr r:irl~ tl:iy..;, tlic 1lefrn<;i1l'. For o( ronr,1. thl' 1110,f i11d11 ... 1rial 111r1lil'illl! 11:is r~senri:dly tr(':itill~ i11j11rie.; :llltl 1\i~r.1<..1''>. part it-; pr1;.:ra111-. wer1~ confined to B11r in l'l'Cl'!lt rr:ir-. i11dn ... 1ri:it 111c<li cine h:is tak1n dircckll ;it th, tlil' 01T111~il"l'. Jr., prr\'r11ti11~ t1i .. prl)~ram-; :ire po.,iti1r. Tli1y nre Jn its ~illl'l'f' 1011c1rn (or 1:i,_,. :111tl 111:ii11t:1inin!! (!uocl l11;1lth. r111rlll_111o;, ind11<;f ry h:1i; trrdy co1 tht' fidtl. Its tntir, rr,011rc1" h:1\r Ji,,11 111C1liili1r1l to ,~rcd this rnd. The htn:liwrntnsilofl>ctr1n1;C::u'lrl'l(i'I,'t"r,1ltlcinwtothrse, c~1auils'ln'.fi''\lh'.litod1111~1l1r1i.t;hf~r .r1inT1ol rlp'icro:.(uuirn11cll11m-.teryn, [ l !; ] .. .. .-~""..-. 'I' ., I . ..'I .t I -;. I . '' -~-f'\f'\Tii...............- - - - - -..........~.,.._..........- . - .. - . . .... ..,_,vP"'W"'.......- - . - -. oceupatio11al 1li:-.1o;1~' an~1li-11ts arnl other \"Olll~cs of ali-.c111l'cio;111 have been rcd11rl'1l ;1111.11111:.:ly. It h:is Ul't'll ~.1i1\ that t:id1 yrar ahout a h;11f a billion man J:iy~ are lo-;t to i111lu.;try. B11t of lht..,1'. only 10 p1r c111t an <l11t> to 11ccup:itio11yl ca11-;1"i. The proulcm of in1htstry. lhtrl'for(', is not only to try to rr<lui:c u1:cnp.1tiun;d absc11!t't'i.;111. Our jol> is to \rnrk with <>thn hcalti1 r11~;111i1.1t1r.11-. 11; our 1co11orn: to nd11ct the 1101101.:<.:11pa- .tio11nl cn11scs of al1c;,11tt1i\m. OhYiou<:J~-, Slll'h :rn 111llkrtaki11!: nquir1<; a \a~t L'XJH'ntliturc of funds. St:tfr. tic~ 011 this po111l ar. not rca1lily :1v;iiJ;1bli: But i11 a sun-ry 111:llle in l'..J.il liy thr :\ational .h-;ociation or.' ~L1nt1f:iet11rrrs, it is inll'll'!>t111g- to note tl1:1t :llmo:.t l,GIJO comp:lllirs sp111t 111a11y mii t. lions n year 011 h1alth scni<.:cs. .lllultiply thi!i ti~11re by the thom;ands of other companies not surveyed :mil I a111 sure you will a;:rce with me that rnoJern ioiudu..,try is doin~ ih lw-..t to pro:11ol1' th<' wrll-lwin~ of its t'lll('loy11,. We in ind11c;try rc;ilize that as !!Oocl citi1.e11s it is part of our obli:;atio11 to s0ci...ry to help imrrow the health of the nation ;i~ well es the community. OlJ\iously it is a[<.,o ~ood busines-;, for l1calthi~r - tmployrL'S m~a11 Jr.;c; ;ili<;cntccism and more proJucuYity. Johns-)f:in,illc. of cou:-~e. is lmt one of 111any co111p:111ics th:it ha~ C!itablished health and safety pro;;r:ims. In the thirty-l\rn ycnrs that I haYe been \\'ith Joh11s-Jfa11ville. I h:ive obser\'ecl the incre::ising i11trl'<''-t in aud the progress made by our eomp:iny in the field of oe<.:11pat1011al liealth. .\nd our rccor1h show that as Jou~ a~o :is 1~'1j \\C rstahlt\hccl a clinic with a doctor serving p:irt time :it our .A~licstos :.\fine in Quebec. t J ' ' One Company's ~rog-r:im Today our prn;crnm is typic:il o! those in Amrrien11 inclnstry. I I mention it ouly bcc:insc n:nural:y I am more fa111iliar with it. Johns-:'.I:inville 's pro;;rarn i11d1.:t.!cs a physical examination when cm i ployed; continuin~ prcYcntiYc hc:ilth measures ;ind periollic ex:-:mina tions; control of occup:itioual haz:irds; immediate 011-thc-job medical care; s:ifcty prcc:iutions: aeci1k11t a11J hr:ilth i11snranee: hospit:il1za tion; ~roup life in'iur:incc: vac:ttion-;: a pension pl.111: a111l pb11t staffs of med ic:t 1, ind 11 c;t ri:ll hy;:irne :wd sa icty pcrsonnrl coo rd ina tell Ly :l bcadqu:irtrrs hC'alth <lcp:\ttrncnt. Io p:isl rrars Joli11s-~b11\illc ha" spon<:orrd i111kptllllcnt 1c.;1::ird1 on Ynrious raw materials :illll !i111 ..d1l'J protluds :it private rrsc:irch institutions thron;:ho11t the country. For l'::t:rn1ple, the l11tlnstrial lly [ lG] \.... ___ .. -> . .-. ' - ." - girne Fonmbti0n i-; c11rrtntlj' in\'C'\tibatin~ the properties of one of or our newer .All product:, . these fr:itur1s of uur pro::r:u:1 arc ba-;e<l 011 kccpin; the trnployee in 1good ment;1l a111\ physil'.a\ health. They cuaulc !urn to be more useful to himsrlf, l11'i family, his comp:iny aml his ccmmnnity. Rcsponsihilily to the Consumin~ Public As with the rr'it of in,lthtry. \\C :ire :dso aware o[ our rt'sponsi- bdielsiitfi:enscttlo totltprroc:o1n1vstucmtiinll;'; lipl-1.1llhilhic.anTtloJc:oiyll,lftohret optro!thltn~ cjtlstil1olfi~.i1IH::dlut1st...rtrr~-ar1es constantly s:ri\'ing to brin!; about 11eb at l1ctte::- values murt! pkas;.iut livi11'.! tltro11gh 11n to the cousumcr. ~lorcovrr. rvcry prc\ed prod effort is m::Hlt! n0.\::ubys to prutel'.I the consumer with s:ifcr protluets and heller mctho1ls of han<llin:! thrm. Years '160 industrial resrard1 '>'"as uncoucernr<l :iliout prohlrms of health aotl safety that mi~ht Le in\ohcd in a procluct. \\lien the product ""as deHlopc<l. it was pnt on the m:trket. Today our inuustrial rcscnrch or~ani;.ations pri>bt! 1:1to ewry health h:l7.arrl. .Aud evrry sa.feguar<l is insi-;tcd upon before the product is marKetcd to the consumer. A number of comp:mic~ haw established rrscarch orc-:mizations ' athnndt lm:iliigohrtatoinrji1r1srefotrhetheconsosluempeur.rpoS<o;me eorcocmlipmainniaetsinh~a\h'eea~lrthantheadzairedls- lowships for this specific purpo!'e. Ancl inclustry has in<;pircd, to a vrr:> great c~trnt, the movcme~t to label properly certain t:pcs of products that might harm the con- sumer i[ be were not forewarned . . . .. -:- ...... _ Health :i.nd Safety Out~rowth of Frc~ Enterprise System All of thro;e thing<; not only hrlp the indi\'i(l11:1I Clllployee and consumer, but thr com11\\111ity at laq!r. ~lodcrn plants. in \\'hich 1111ignnccs nnd health ha1.arJ-; arc rrd11cc<.l to n mini11111m, are the order of the day..An<l i11 their cou~t met ion, cYerr considcra ti on is gi \en to healthful :rnd :-.afr \\orkin;.: co11clltio11s. l\o\'\" ho\\' h:i'\ this c0111t' nl1n11t ~ In my opinion, it is the n:it11r.il rc~11lt 0 the free cnttrpri<..r s?S tem <lirrt:trJ lty ~nli~ht111ed llll'll o[ 111P1lrrn 111:1n:1~e111c11t whu :ire nwnre of \}h f;11:t that ht Clllplc1yt1S HIT lir~~ o( :Ill 1'11111:111 Jili11:.:--. llOt t~ploitrt!. t"11<hr unr systrrn, 111u1ltrn 111a11a:.:~ mere co111111oditirs 111 ment h:ic; h:11l tht lt l'tJo111 to pro;;rc:.s. It hn!i 11ot litrn sh.11:klcJ ly the totnlit;irian :.talt' or 1lict:itur. [ 17) i ' ~ ~ I I lt t I I I ... ' t J . , -' ____ .......,_..... ,.,.-. l -----. ---- - ----- .........._.. ,.,--__.,. .........------ - ------- And mo<llrn m:rn.1;:r1:1cnt h::is hero :i!Jle to finance thc:-.e costly projects throu;;h the prolits oi the fr re enterprise system. As a' rcsnlt, industry h:\s not on!: cst:il1li~hcll its O\\'n he:iltli and safety pr,~:;r:im<;. It hao:; :ilso fostcrctl i11dcpcn<lc11t re::l':ircli 10 occu- .patioo:il hca!Lh and h:is bcncritc<l throu;;h the brpro<l11cts of this research. All of thrse efforts are rctlcctetl. in lower turnon~r. less absentee ism, :rnd rcdllcc1l production co5ts.\l thi: s:imc tune. the cmploycc':i health is lirttcr. h1-; mur:ile is h:~hi:r. Ile :lilt! his i:11111ly lrvc lon;;cr and more happily. \ But despite our am:izi11~ pro:;rcss, there is !';till n ~reat deal to be done. ~l:iny problems h:wc u:irJly Llcn touched. Some arc to6 bi!:, too balllii:~. aotl. too cvmplex for one comp:iny to lin:mce or to i,tu.Jy. \.. _!-.11 of them ho\\'e\'cr havc a 11ircct Learin;; on the 11atiou 's hcaltli. f A tremendous job lies ahi::ad o( m. We must sohe the tr:igic ritidlcs of cancer, cerebral p:llsy, muscu. 1ar d:stropby, :ikohoi:rni. The c01nmlrn cold still e.>::i.~ts an a~tro nomical toll of :il.Jsenteei~rn in iudu~try. \Ye h:l\'C much to learn nbout ment:il hc:ilth an<l reil:!iJiiitat!on.\n<l in a llLt'\'C-wraekcd ,,ol'lt.l, ''e must redouble our efforts to furthn impro,c 'rnrkin~ condit!ou~ through noise ab:i.tcment, the use oi npropri:ite color sclic:'.lcs ::n:ll -0thcr dcYices to proinotc the 'l'l'ellbcing of the ir:dustrial employee. i -Continued Cooperation Needed t. I ha\'e merely mentioned a fc"; problems that cry out for a solu- c tion. These prol.Jl,'ms c:i.ll for furthcr cooperation of m:i.nagcmrnt, lnbor :tnd the go\'crnruent, all worki11;; together right down to the ' me.n :it the m:ichine. For 'l'l'e all rf.'alizc thnt no nssct is more vit:il to a nation than the bcnlth of its people. It affects a n:i.tion 's h:ippincss, its soci:1l welfare, its intlustri::il proJuctivity, its moral llLrc, its future browth aud tt.S }>rospcri ty. There i5 no doubt in my mind tk1t the joh. no ll\atlcr how gi~an tic it m:iy seem, can be done. ~\nll it cau be doric within the i,pirit nml the !rnmework of free ao<l rnlightrnrtl roterprise. [IS] l ' ~ h :ic: ,., 1c:ri111 '-lcrn in 1 iur ,if :t T \11y01Jf' l'l::ir r.1r1 ~'J ;rnorhrr fJll ,. >t'C<'llt yr;i r<;, I hr for cl.1111:1!.:e lo rl \'II.:\':>, ;1, rl1-.. :irt of i!Id w;t ry ~c WJ> '.,::-Jnlt'1! ; \\'hr, in your i: kt'<'P in mind )11 Ji:il,ility. Lnt nirmbrr oi lht .'u~;iun rn;1:; lie ~1.; \\ Ji1d1 r\'Sllit :s cktiord a~ a r <lcsi;;11 of the ~:\('('. ldinition of :?11 " to P< r~.111 or )'O~td upon tl:c '"\'lit th:it snch 11ry or d:i:n:i~c :nint~11tio11:illy iJ111p:ini1'S h:ive '. of injury or t, this is as it tcr un<lcr cirdam:i:;c will ulti11;: is not J!'Sifii(ity that JllCC COHri11~ J k: a~:iin,l ilily ~fOI\ i11~ ''J tlic funJa. l 11u1krs:a11d i unr"l:prc:,d, J's failure to conform to the rt1l~ of ordi11:iry c.1rc. Jn mr Y1cw, the cost of an intrnlionJl injury or c!Jni:i;::c sho11ld be borne liy the indt1slry ;i..; a cost of dv111:-; l111<111c'-<>, n11:1h :i-; 1<; the pur...l:i'>c of a ('inr of laud !or a new fodory silt'. If '11ch tn'-,t1r:1mc wrrc ni;idr :n;iihlilc. it ~lrikrs me th;it it \\Ould i1:1p:i1r u1 s0:nc rnrasnre ;it kast tltr sanr:tion which should i1;ipcl c:ich hur:i:1n to respond to his duties not to gain by the violatiun of the ri;;hts of :mother. MODElL\ TO!t DOI!Sl:TT: You h;1\'C !::'One ovrr that pretty "ell. Is there anybody in ti1c a11d1cncc who would like lo comrnrut on tliat 7 MR. ,V,\TERS: I would like to ans" er his eomment '..-ith another question, )fr. ~foderator. Wliat i-; the n:iturc oi the re~tr1ctio11s that arc con:aincJ in in~ur:rnce poli,ies to \\'hich you refer in this question 1 1 I l\IR. DAILY: Well, b~ definition of occurrence as we now find it presently used by the m:ijor ins11r:i11cc carriers, it excludes co1eragc I I for liability growing out of an intention:il wren[;. ! l 1fR. \\.ATEJ\S: \\ell, is there any mooclnry limitation of lin- ! bilityT There is a monet:iry limitntiou of linbility coutaincd in all such policies, isn't th:it correct 1 I J.IR. DAILY: Well. yes. I don't know of :my insurance compall): . - tha.t writes :in unlin11tcd polic.,, do you i MODETIATOR DOTISETT: ~o. ' I ., I 1.... ,~1 ..... UNIDB:\TIFIED SPEAKER: I would like to ask ~fr. Daily to give au esample of au intentional wron:;. I MR. DAILY: Well, if an iudnstry runs a paper mill :ind poll11tcs the strc;im beside it ;inn kno\\'S tli:lt it is by that pollution injuring- I tbe value of the pror~rty along the strl'nm :rnd continues to pollute, it is intention:illy chm:i~in~ the rip:nian owners or the people who l own land next to the stream. I MODEIL\TOTI. DOR~ETT: We will ~o on to the nC'xt f111cstion. This is :iddrr~$c1l to )Ir. Daily :'llld )fr .l;i\kson. "What is the proprr !unction of the in5ur;incc c:irricr ac; respects pollution control in an I insured i11dustry1" )Ir. D:iily. l\tn. DAIIJY: I do not ht'liC'\'l' that indtr-;try e:m. l1y i11s111i11~ its linLility, diwst itsrlf of full l't'$Jl1l!1s1bility for prop1r poll11tion rontrol. Tht' earril'r ~hnnld. if it undrrt:1kcs to pro,icJ,. s11d1 l'mrr:i:.:eand it shouldn't u11d,rt;il;e lo pro\ iill! it unlrs~ it l'an do 1h1Sl' tl1i11:.:s -i::i\'c <'\'Cry ni1l ~nu assistance to 111:111:i!!cmrnt. It slionl<l pro,i1l~ [ 2il] , ~ ' for st:ind:ird<: :rn<l tecliniqw-;. It should a'sist in srttin~ ll(I ror1rrnls. It should rrornlc the knnw-h111\', In short, it shonl<l pl'O\'illC the rtchmeo:iriyn owf icthonmt:rionl.'s.ol~tcomcsnpt.c;1k, but the duties of :ipplicatioo must C\'Cr The mo111l'11t m:ina!!rml'nt f:i-;!rns on the nolinn cilli<'r con,rinusly or unconscioll-;ly th:it hrc:Jll<;t~ imur:1nce is in the picture it is 11ot rcsponsilJ!t:. th:1t i~. th:H it' n~pon'lbility l1:i.; shifted to the carrier, the b:ittle of eo11trol is 50 pa <:tnt lost. Shoul1l the i:arrirr accl'pt slll'h an 1111trnalilc positio11, it \rill he rcquire<l to :it:l'lltjlt ~It~ l'ri:q11L'r1tly i111po,.,il1le t:i:-k of s1eki11~ altion from persons not \rithin its control. :ind C\'('ll tho11!!h th<' etnployees . of man:i;;cme11t arc sym;n1thetic and cooper:iti\'C, the cnrril'r cannot fwrohmichascuocsht astacnondtprooilnletdjJpl'On\';i;rlrra. mtherreqounirset:sr.nt ntlcntio11 :ind supenision l\IR. J.ACI\SO~: I ,,oiilcl concur cutirclr with :\fr. Daily. It is man:igement 's responsibility. MODE TL\ TOR DOI\~I:TT: T!tis q11cstio11 is arldrcso;;cd to :'ifr. Hemeon ;incl )Ir. J:id:so~. ".\re there :my ir.iporLrnt Tlt'\\' rn~in~cr inr, dcnlopmrnts rc~pt'etin!! du-;t collcction for aYoiding- air pollution oy nuisauces 7 \\'!tat proccJure shou!J be follo\1c<l a cornp:rny iu the .:.rr. selection. of the most suitable dust collector 7" IIcm con. MR. HE)IEO~: In the scn<;c of disconry of :i nc,,. principle such as elcctrost:itic prci:ipil:itiou and the like. no, there are none. I do, horrc\'Cr, w:rnt to emph.1size a point wltich seems to me to be frequently O\'erlookcd. i\e have in existence now adequate crp1ipment for controllin~ LJny dust air pollution problems th:it exist. Tltc problcmc; arc ccono1:iic problems. ,\fore particul:irl.' I tltiok it unfortunate th:it there is Sllt'h a ~rncr:il lack of iut.'rr'-t in :ittc111pts to 111cao;;11re and to rote lite rrbtiYe iruport:incc of <Jiffcrcr.t emissions in a community. Since tltc air pollution problem is such n \':tst 0111\ it is most logical to adopt the philosophy of first thin:?s first :rnd, therefore, to seek method<> aml proc('clnrcs to ddinc wliat rc'lnircs prim:ir.r attention first. \\ h:it is $CCon1l, :t!Hl $0 on. There is nn :uldition:il point of imporlanrc. One print~ illus!ration of "h:it to 111c is a fuml.i111l'llt:tl c1 ror in consiclt-r:1tion of air pollution due In parlilnl:it~ 111:itt.r ic; one tli:it I rmpli:i..;izrd in tit~ pjper I ~:i,r :it 111r of tl1r l-\11111da1io11's l?lt'tfin~.; .:i frw yr:irs :i;:o, :rnd n point wl1ici1 I wo11!1l Iii.;~ to rrcmpha1,i1e 11ow, nnil tlt:it ic; tl1ic;: 'l'he almost 11ni\'l'r:-::il 1tnd111ry to rate rmi..:c;io11-; from st:il'!'" 011 rite basis of "'h:it tit.: lool.; like to tl1t' 111a11 011 tltc st l\'d ~" !tr \\':ill;-; !iv a11d not only th:it, but to tltr cn;.:imcr in the pla11t ns he \\'alks thro11gi1 ( 27~) ' f, ,, ,, . I (, 1: ',,' 1 Jr r \ I ,.. c' t I .I.. I _...... .in:: "I' 1r111lr11l'i. J)J firo\itle the :Jtio'l rnuc;t C\'Cr :her c<m~cil)11~Jy ict11 re j t is not I to 1l1e carrier, it10~. it 't\'!ll he f ~lcki11: :ittion 'I tht' r111p!o.1rrc; r:irril'r r:inr11)t autl supervision Ir. Daily. It is drc~<.rd to :'>Ir. lien cn~1nrcr :; n:r pollution rmp:inr iu the con. new principle 1crc :ire nouc. ~ to me to be :tie crp:i ptr'.cnt ist. 'fl1c prob. t unfortunate ts to mc:ic;11re >ns i11 a comne, it is rno'.'it tlicrrfore, to prin::ny at. rime illustra'":llion of :iir 1'i1ucl in the n yr.irs :t'.!o, tl1.1t is tl1is: L1cJ;.; on tlte he w:il!~ bv J)ks tliro\l;;i1 I tile pl :111 t. Tl11r1 :1 re 111any m.111: to dust f:ill of rrl:1liwly l'O:trs~ cor11 m1111 itic" \l'hac the 1111 isa11cc 1luc !:ices jg thr n11is:rncc of p:irtirlcs Jrpositinl.:' by ~ravity on import:incc. :irnl yet we firHl 011r<;t"lrcc; sllr . \'ers:tlly al!owin:: :ilrno<;t import;u1cc of rrnis,ions :my 11ntrain1'1l prrson to rate tltc unirrl:itiv(' dust appears to be m terms cf l1nw 11111ch fumes comio~ 011t of tl1c chirnn'Y 011r or smuke or to henry ' ~rriously imp:iirc<l unles,; we mo<lify that pro'.!:L'SS :.s Yic\rpolllt. goin;; .MODETlATOit DOflSETT: ~[r.T:tckson. ~IR .L\CKSO:\: There :ire m;rn: c:ollectiori. T!1,.re :ire m:111y prnlil eneirH't'rin~ :tppro:ir.hc'\ to <lmt method of Juo;;t coll.'i'lion. ivr ern'i in dctrr111in111~ \d1:1t is the a ~i\'Cll situation, p:irtie11larly ri~ht you think i11 thr trr1:1o;; of the lyprs f1 onted .\ 11:irron ic; l~.-, tltotr.':tn of <lu~t \\'ith whid1 \re whro arc con- . unusu:il to finJ inJ1:~lrial dll:;t dth:\ of in termc; :rn of i11d1. :111rt it j<; h11oclredtlis of not at all a micr j ! When we ,.;,u:ilizc "ll:e realize th:it rhe tli:i~ we matter lt:ire p.irticlcs tlt:i: si7.e to r.1rntc11<l on. wirii: I lonrer :i joh th:it r:in he of dust co:itrol turr:r<i O\'l'r to the and du:.t collection pl:int tins111itlt . is no cnginrerin:; '>kills, knowlrd~e in collectiou cquipmer.t drs oi all of tl1c most rccr.11t \ll of tl1c dt~\'C'topmrnts The control of du:;~ :iorl i'.:o :!re othr air nrrdcd to irisure nrlcrpt:!tc poll11t:111ls is a job for co11trol. H you do Iii:>: h:ne a n.unli!irf! cousultin~ or~anization st:iff of your own, make an cxpat. sure thnt the I " li;is h:id :imple :ind succC'ssiul experience. I t MODf.fL\TOII. nor.SETT: Ld's .I "What is the re<;ponsibility of the m take up the llC'tt <]UCStton. I f dsuumcte7r"i1T1 hiartlrisntaidf<yilrne~sseth<el totox)ficr. cJn:incskatisnto1un1fcanncntt<ulorre)[rrpt.ootGet1rh1eetsi:h-i.1.l1<ol1f1stthrie:ll pcoron-- MR. JACKSO::\: I tltink the manufocturcr responsibility to identify to his indu<;tr h:is :i \'cry ddinile oi his pro(luc!s. Iosoiar ns our own ial consumer industrial health tltc constituents pro;;r:im is con- cerned, I h-:nc found little dit1irulty in ohtainingIn ccncral. mannf:icturcrs permit an c:'\rh:in~c such information. .btoe epnoatbenleti:til1llrycohn:isr1m1mf urlr. to properly control wliaotfc\t'elart:et x<pJollsitucr:et(sle<rui1i1:;nhtct MR remarks, GIIESII: :ind th:it I i:o alon~ with that with i~ that if the m:innfa perh:ips a fc,o; addition.:il r~quired by \hr !.f:in11f:ict11rin!: cturcr. an<l I Lrlicre this is C!trmi<;ts' .\ssoci:itiC1n '!\'ho Ii.we very expcn'\i\'r ;,nd ha1.J1r<l of the rl:il1or.11t: d1rminl laliclin!: or the code'' put-: 011 :l l.11Jrl tltc <h::rcc oi rwcqhuaitremtltrc11:1in-:tirolof !ci11m,1i1;1..~:thrty boer, rhneatnnlt:x.t1:1s:e:,cm1to1rn1:.t1i.trJn;:itrlg. cw<hlactgrcitr, cso.1a!ti:sii!nic:;d atnhcel I l.:uow within our own co111p:iny, our mr<lic:il <lep:irtment hns [ 273) - . : "' ' ,. ' . gone a step farther by iotroJucini; a l:ibrling- code. This is for tlic furtht'r brr:ikdo'l\n of ch1micals into '>m:iller Joto; and :l!:::tin it list-; the can toxic {;O. rnatcriJl'Y and the .:intiJolcs. Th:it is as far, 1 bclic,c, as one )fODETL\ TOR qualific:itiou, for :in ~DxrO1'DrtSEinTTin:duO<n;teri:mil ol1ryr;;1ccp111ccstci1o1u~.i1"1WccrJi111:tgt ~a"rcTJt1hJet is a cooJ ouc. )Ir. IIcrncuo. MR. HE:'i!EO\': I will :;ay th.1t it all dcpc11ds on \rhat your . de it finition means of c: when qw it rt is. comes l tot!Jcinokmpti,:.!.n! -:l:.1it\i1o-o,rrr.l-;irparreisn~.s:n.t can Ther t e r ll is us what also . definition i11Yohing dt'~l'C'<'. Cc-:t:iinly rl1cre urc a \'l'r_,. grcJt the u12mhcr o{ men who :ire not known who f;.wc pu!,Jisl1crl or ;1ppr:1rc<l on pro- &rarus who fi:i,c as ;.;0011 a kno"'leckc of certain s11Ljcets :is mco who are labeled as c:tpcrts. I think it turus on your definition of thl! term. smhiotwteMnesR,io.I 't\\l\'i:.ii..s~\hTpE:1i0Ir\rStih~:.t1inlOakrn y~u,o..cuc:l;.;iri:1ri,l1nfe.1o1~1f~'.J1Cdt'hrseoinoErnocutihro~ebeienrliitt:eiJlrgfe,satIntd\h1a0L1t1cigyd:olullikCleioam\toe. thank the )foJt'raror aud the hcae\l'leeobteepnreS6t1'ns:c.u1~riiooog.th:it tJi~y p:irticip:rnts iu the panel for t!tc have made of the SU!Jjccts w)iich c~xre- . ]. . . . :.; I I ! I I I. [ :?i-4 J I 1 l.