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ID : ?0238b1bbb IlHK ID 20 2 0^4 IXU .UUi r . Oil mnSMTO INDUSTRIAL CHMXC1LS COWART . FUNCTIONAL FBOD0CTS QMUP STANDARD MAMOTACTTOXNO PR0CB3 for AROCLORS (Take-over distilled) Department 216 Supercedes: Standard Hanufacturlng Proeeae for Areclora - Dapartmant 246# datad Oetobar 1966# and all amandmenta A through L. . Tantativa Procaaa for tha Continuous Kanufacture of Arcelor 1242# datad 9A6/68 and designated Report Mo P-1S04* fropared by: ft X. IfeCutohan Zaaued: Jiswarf 1972 Approred ' Sahiral manufacturing ^superi ntindent lu K IZiuu^ Research a. Development Manager v, ***&- Hanuraotuning Manager ^ fv ^48 pro* is the property of Usnaaat Industrial Oieaieals '-Company and tha reoipiant la responsible for ita aafkeeping Zt eontalna onfidantlal information of Monaanto Znduatrial Cheaiaalt Company which auet not be reproduced# revealed to unauthorised persona or sent outside the company without proper ' 'author!satlost* Either retain in a secure file or return to the Standard Documents Department. . STLCOPCB4026062 BRPDLEY MERRELL ID : I'U'i.ibblbso pimp; ID 30 3-0^ i^u.uu^. r . uo DEPARTMENT 246 - STANDARD NJtfrUFACTURXNG PROCESS AROCLQR appendix j SAFETY AND TOXICITY DATA I, SAFETY EQUIPMENT A* Fig Extinguisher!, 1. Carbon dioxide - 1st floor, HE of lean*to 2. Dry chemical - 1st floor, S of lean*to 3. Dry chemical - 2nd floor, vest vail 4. Dry chemical 2nd floor, vest vail B. Gas Masks, 1. 1st floor, on sprinkler house 2. 1st floor, outside vest wall of repair room 3. 2nd floor, on vest wall 4. Control room, east wall 5. 4th floor, on handrail by #1 chlorinator 6* 4th platform, Aroclor column (2) C. Scott Air Pak. 1. Outside west wall of lean*to D. Emergency Clothing, 1. Box on 2nd floor, west wall. s E. Safety Showers With Eye !.'a@h . , 1. Batch department, 1st floor, 2. Batch department, 2nd floor. 3. Batch department, 3rd floor. 4. Continuous department, 1st floor. 5. Continuous department, 2nd floor. 4. Continuous department, 3rd floor. 7. West side of tank farm (alarm in control room). B. Control room (eye batch only)* F. Personal Safety Equipment Available. 1. Bard hat, 2 Safety glasses, 3. Safety shoes. 4. Goggles. 5. Rubber or canvas gloves. 6. Rubber overshoes. 906265 70 AO* qO 2 k ^ STLCOPCB4026063 BRADLEY * MEKKELL iU;rUZOODiODD t n is x s/ department 246 - standard mahufacturing process AROCLOR (Cont'd) ' APPENDIX J (Coat'd) SAFETY AND TOXICITY DATA (Cont'd) II. DEPART! 3NT SAFETY RECORD (246/259) A. Lost time accidents - Last occurred on January 28, 19 48. B. Serious injuries The last two serious injuries were t 1) 8/5/70 - See Attached informal investigation report. 2) 12/2/68 - Refer to formal investigation report L-17-20-68. C. Minor injuries. Year Injuries No. of 1969 1970 1971 12 12 13 20 20 24 III.TOXICITY The following toxic rating code will be used in describing the toxicity of these materials t 0 none 1 - slight 2 - moderate 3 - high U - unknown ' . A. Biphenyl (Coda 82601) 1 Synonymsi Diphenyl. 2. b#sglptioni t\hite flakes or solid off white mass? somewhat pleasant odor. 3. Constants Hoi. Wt. 154.2? M.P. 69*C. B.P. 2S5*C.; density""9910 9 75*/4*C. 4. Flash Point? 231 P. (C.C.). 5. Auto ignition Temperatures 1004F. 6 Toxic Hazard ."atrngt Acute localt U Acute Systematic? Ingestion 3, Inhalation 3 Chromic Locali U ` 7# fire Hazard? Definitely when exposed to heat or flame? can react with oxidizing materials. 8. Fire Fighting? CO2 or dry chemical. 9. Formula? ^6^SC6H5 906266 71 ADM 0026 STLCOPCB4026064 aEPAKTISirr 246 - STANDARD MANUFACTURING PROCESS AROCLOR APPENDIX J (Cont'd) SAFETY AND TOXICITY DATA (Cont'd) III.(Cont'd) A. (Cont'd) 10. Biphenyl vapor* are irritating to the upper respiratory tract. Workers should not be exposed to vapor levels throughout their shift in excess of the threshold limit value of 1 milligram par cubic meter of air (or about 0.2 ppm) The compound, or organic solutions of the com pound can absorb through the intact skin; therefore, repeated skin contact should be avoided. 11. See Hygienic Guide Series on Diphenyl*. . B. Chlorine (Code 81QS9). Is Description! Greenish yellow gas. 2. formulai" Tl2 3. Constants Mol. Wt. 70.914; K.P.*101*CB.P. - 34.5*C.; Density 1.47 I 0C. 4. Toxic Hazard Hating> . "Acute locals Irritant 3; Inhalation 3 Acute systemic: 0 Chronic locals U Chronic systemic: U K.A.C. - 1 PPM in air per B hour day st 5* Toxicology: Chlorine is extremely irritating to the mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract. It combines with moisture to liberate nascent oxygen and from hydrochloric -acid. Both of these substances, if present in quantity, cause inflammation of the tissues with vhieh they come in contact If the lung tissues are attacked, pulmonary edema may resul A concentration of 3.5 ppm produce* a detectable odor: 15 PPM causes immediate irritation of the throat. Con centrations of 50 PPM are dangerous for even short exposure 1000 PPM may be fatal even when the exposure is brief. Because of its intensely irritating properties, severe industrial exposure seldom occurs, as the workman is forced to leave the area before he can be seriously affect In cases where this is impossible, the initial irritation 906267 72 *0* 002 STLCOPCB4026065 tiKHULt T * riC.KKC.LL IU (UZOOJ1UJJ nt\ i'-' J <j j ii j DEPARTMENT 246 - STANDARD MANUFACTURING PROCESS AROCEOR APPENDIX J (Cont'd) SAFETY AND TOXICITY DATA (Coat'd) III. B. So (Coat'd) of the eyes and mucous membranes of the nose and throat is followed by cough, a feeling of suffocation and later pain and a feeling constriction in the chest, if exposure has been severe, pulmonary edoma may follow with rales being heard over the chest. 6. Fire Hazard; noderate - can react to cause fire or explosion upon contact with turpentine, ether, amronia gas, illuminating gas, hydrocarbons, hydrogen and powdered metals. 7. Explosion Hazard! Present by reaction with reducing agents 8. Disaster Controli Dangerous; emits highly toxie fumest will roact with water to form toxic and corrosive fumes l of HCls is heavier than air - gas will hug the ground. People without adequate protection should go across wind until out of the affected area. C. HCl Off-Gas (Code 828.51) 1. 2. 3. 4. . 5. 8. > ' Synonymst Muriatic acid, Chlorohydric Acid, Hydrogen Chlor! descriptioni Colorless gas. Formulas. Hci. .' ^oxic hazard Ratings Acute locals irritant 3, Ingestion 3, Inhalation 3 Acute Systemiet U Chronic locals Irritant 2 Chronic Systemiet U H.A.C.i 5 ppm in air for I hr. day. toxicologys Hydrogen chloride is an irritant to the mucous membranes of the eyes and respiratory tract. Concentration of 35 ppm causes irritation of tit throat after short expos'. Concentrations of 50 to 100 ppm are tolerable for 1 hour. More serious exposures result in pulmonary edema and often laryngeal spasm. Concentrations of 1000 to 2000 ppm are dangerous even for brief exposures. Mists of HCl are con sidered less harmful than the anhydrous form since the droplets have no dehydrating effect. 7. See Hygienic Guide Series on "Hydrogen Chloride". 906268 73 A0H CO 2 6l STLCOPCB4026066 BRBDLtY * MtKKtLL iU r UZOOO J. OO 3 ri n in x u j-j MU i W \W PEPARTTZST 246 - STANDARD hAMUrACTURIMG PROCESS aroclor APPENDIX J (Coat'd) . SAFETY AND TOXICITY DATA (Cont'd) III. . (Coat'd) D. Ferric Chloride (Cod 33500) 1. Descriptiont Granular solid. 2. Formula';"'""TeClg (Anhydrous) 3. Conltanesi Mol. Ugt. 166.22, Melting Pt."Sublimes, solubility in H^O very soluble with heat rise. 4. Toxic Hazard P.atlnc; Acute bocals irritant li Ingestion 1 Acute Systemic; U Chronic Localt Irritant 1 Chronic Systemict U , 5. Fire Hazards There is no fire hazard under normal condition but Ti will emit toxic fumes at high temperatures. 6. Handling Protect the skin with approved protective ciothing, avoid the breathing of FC1| dust, wear approved respirator with adequate cartridge, and protect the eyes ' with approved goggles. There are no storage regulations; however, it should be stored in a dry place as heat is released upon solution in water and wet ferric chloride will not catalyze the chlorination reaction. I. Lime (Code 38600) (Calcium Oxide) 1. Descriptions Fine white or slightly gray powder, Rhomerie . Trigonal crystals. 2 Formulas CaO. . 3. Toxic hazard Ratings Acute locals Irritant 3; Ingestion 1 ; Inhalation 3. Acute Systemics Ingestion 2; Inhalation 3; skin . absorption 0. Chronic locals Irritant 3i Inhalation 2. Chronic Systemici Ingestion 2; Inhalation 3 > Skin absorption Q. 4. Toxicology % Has a caustic reaction and, therefore, is irritating to the skin. As a dust it can cause dermatitis and irritation of the eyes and mucous membranes. It is a general nuisance type of dust. .. Fire Hazardt None. 6 Explosion Hazards virtually none. . 7. Handling f Dust respirator, adequate protective clothing, including rubber coated gloves, optional rubber full cover apron and full cover plastic goggles should be used when ADM 002617 906269 STLCOPCB4026067 BKHULLT * I'l C. rc. Ml L. l_ iu-(UiJOJlUJJ i n ix iu 'J J - Ul llU.X/XJi. I DEPARTMENT 246 - STANDARD :tAi:UFACTURlyC PROCESS AROCLOR ' APPENDIX J (Cont'd) SAFETY AND TOXICITY DATA (Cont'd) E. 7. (Cont'd) handling lire* (dust), Adequate ventilation and dust renoval equipment should be used in the handling area. Lime is added to the stills to neutralize any liberated nci t prevent sublimation of the FeCii catalyst, it is handled in 50# bags* . F. Nitrogen (Code 43099) 1. Descriptiont Colorless gas 2. Fo^uTai Bf 3. Constants ? Mol. wt. 28.02? M.P. - 210*C; B.P. - 195.8*C.? Density 1.2506 gr/liter at 0*C 4. Toxicity? Hone. In high concentrations it is an asphyxiant. C. Aroclors. (See Hygienic Guide Series on "Chlorodiphenyla"). 906270 AOH 002618 75 STLCOPCB4026068 BRRDLtY * MtKKtLL 1U fUZOODlCOJ n n (n j. w -> -> G f. ' HYGIENIC GUIDE SERIES . Diphenyl (Biphenyl, Phenylbenzene) <K> Hflimtc G:: r> S\ ftgnifieafsf Physical Properties Diphenyl it colorless < light yellow solid with a disciactirc atoms tie odor. MetecuUr *. eight: Flash point: Explosive limits: Solubility: Melting point: Soiling point: Vapor pressure:' Odor threshold:1 At 2S*C and 760 am Hg: 134.30 333'F f 113*0 doted cup Lower, 0.6C3 at J32*F; upper. i.l'V at iUI'F Insoluble in oater, slightly soluble in ethanol, solu ble in bydnearbons 70.3`C 236.1 *C mm Kg 0.W1 0.003 0.00* .ealei 0.010 0 0 *C U 30.4 23 27.0 i3i 0.06 toO.U @f/ra* Saturated air contains S6 mg/m1 (10.3 ppm) 1 ppm o 0.00631 B{ Titer 1 ag/titcr * (36 ppm I. Hygienic Standards A. Rccommcxocd maxim at. atmospheric eoNCixTiuTtox* (8 hours'.: N'o formal value has been established. The animal experiments of Deichmann tt el. have led them to conclude that & concentra- tion of 3 m per cubic meter should be considered dangerous for continuous' exposure.' B. Short ixposvss TouiUNet': Not known but moderate air concentirmon* arc irritatinf and this limits voluntary exposure to levels which are presum ably not hazardous. 19. Ts!c Properties A. Ikkalattox: No cases of acute or chronic intoxication attributed solely to U ' Tka CaasiiiOT isAa ta MteswWfa As stMSseff* d * ' Slew ? WK,ir iS Jack T. Camu is ih* >itij M Cid. tiS t ike InkutnaS H-gisoe so4 OiRvsal Teeealigr Cteeucaa at l.M.A. ie i& grtparauua el me nOtsei ialeeaarea isenaa at this Cuids. diphenyl have been reported for mar. in the published literature.* Inhalation exposures of ten ran to diphenyl d'Ut impregnated on diatoniaceous earth caused irritation of the nasai mucosa, respiratory difficulty with bronchojM.:!osonary lesions, sne! slight toxic e'tect: ia the kidneys and liver at a concen tration of 300 m; per cubic me'er diphenvl for 64 davs, seven hour. .-tv dav. Five rats died between the 2r;i: sad 49th exposure da vs'. The five sur viving rats lost weight. Three rabbits ctposed under the same conditions Aowed no evidence of harm. Mice that inhaled 3 mg per cubic meter for 62 days showed signs of respiratory difH cuity, but rats at the same concentra tion showed no evidence of injury, B. Skis contact : Repeated application of a 25<7 solution of diphenyl in oit- e <*3 to th< clipped skin of rabbits at a 906271 ACH 002619 STLCOPCB4026069 BRADLEY MERRELL S ID : r'U'i.SSblbib HHK ID /SO 5 .j( nu ,uuz r.iu S*ptembc'-October, 1964 dosage of 0.5 gram per kilogram body weight per day, five davs per week, caused no local irritation but did cause, the death of one rabbit aitcr eight ap plications. and weight lost of the three survivors alter 20 applications.* A 2S$e solution of diphenyl in dimethylphthalate poulticua onto the clipped trunks of rabbits for 24 hours resulted in an LIV> of 2.3 fl.l to 5.3 grams per kilogram, with some necrosis.' Intndermal injections in guinea pig* pro duced local neciosis and some evidence of allergenic response.* C. Evs contact; Mild to moderate irrita tion is rc|Jorted by humans exposed to the vapor. No irritnien was observed in tests on animals.* Molten diphenyl can cause a serious thermal burn. D. Ingestion; The oral toxicity is mod erate. The LD,,, for rats has been rerted as 2.IS. 3 28 and 5.04 grams per ograny * and for rabbits 2.41 grams r uilogram.* Dogs' fed at the rate of mg per kilogram per dav for five days per week for 52 weeks showed no gross or microscopic pathology when eompated to controls.' Two year oral studies in rats show that in feeding levels of from 0.001rc to 1.0'c of the diet, the only lesions attributable to diphenyl occurred in the kidney of both sexes at p.5 and 1.0*? levels. These lesions were reversible when the afleeted animals were returned to diets containing no diphenyl.1' III. Industrie! Hygiene Practice A. Indcstiivl vats: Diphenyl is used as a heat transfer medium and as a fuagistat for citrus fruits. B. Evmlvatiox or ixrotvntt: 1. Air sampling and analysis: a-' Direct field methods: None b. laboratory methods: Diphenvl may be collected in a suitable solvent and determined by its absorption properties. It ab sorbs ultraviolet light maximally at 246 millimicrons in cyclo/ hexane." at 246 to 231 milli microns in hexane."-* and at 252 millimicrons b chloro form." Diphenyl in iaoprop&nol fluoresces with activation at 251 millimicron* ar.d cr.ti-sion at 3:3 millimicrons/1 h mav i;<o determined by infrared ab...~.rp. lion at 14.34 microns.-' 2. Sampling and analy,i; of b:M<^,nl materials: Biological materials mav be extracted with suiiabie solvents and diphenyl determined bv ultra violet or infrared abiotni'r..* Diphenyl can also be determined colorimetrieslly by converting it to the nitro compound, reducin' thi* to the amtno derivative wi:h sub sequent diaeotisation and coupiir.c with N-f l-N'aphthv I. -ethviene-dia- mine. This purple dve is then read colotimetrically/1 Diphenvl is con verted to the hydroxyl derivatives b animals and excreted at such in the urine: none was excreted un changed." The flucoiidi-ror.ic ester of 4-hydro.xybiphenyl with some phenols and ethcreai sulfates have been identified.'* C. Hazabju* ano vKtia sLxeoMsrcxoiD coxraot: 1. Inhalation: Inhalation is not a seri ous hazard in industry due in part to the low vapor pressure at room temperature and the relatively good warning properties of this material. There is no reference in the litera ture or b the records of one ot the major producers that inhalation of diphenyl presents a serious hazard. Respirators (U. S. Bureau of Minn approved' equipped with static web filters placed over chem- ieal cartridges which will protect against organic vapor >-.d to lO'.O ppm can be used tor d'.pi-tr.vl d.isv Respirators (L*. S. Bureau of Mines approved for organic vapor can be used for diphenvl vapor. 2. Skin contact: Animal data indicate that diphenyl shows little irritating potential but do indicate that diphenyl can be absorbed throujh , the intact skin. Contact with the / skin should, therefore, be avoided to eliminate the possibility of systemic bjury. 3. Eye contact: Eye protection iheuld be worn where then is a posubiiitv 906272 77 STLCOPCB4026070 BRPDLtY MtKKtLL iu = I'UZOGDiODD ri n r\ i. ^ o o Stptcmber-Octobrr, ;su of splashes from heated diphenyl. An organic vapor matk with full ' face piece will give protection 5. Unpublished Data : Chemical Hvgien* Fellowship, Mellon Institute, Piusburgh, Pa. against ipiathe: and vapors. 4. Ingestion: Ingestion of diphenyl is not a problem in industry. 6. Haley, T. J., L. E. Detrick. N Kor.su P. Williams, H. C, Lphatn, and l Baurmash: Toxicologic Studies of Poh- 5. Fire and explosion: The fire harard phenyl Compounds Used as Reactor is negligible at room temperature, Moderator Coolants. /. Toxicol. Avpi but is increased at elevated tempera Pharmacol. 1: 515 (1949'. ' tures or when the material is 7. Spector, W, S.. Editor: Ha-uib-ji* j; i dispersed as fine particles in air. Tozuology. Vol. 1, \V, B. Saunders |V. Medical Information Co., Philadelphia (1956', citine Smvth. unpublished data. Mellon Institute.' A. Emc.scv r*r.ATMisr. Skin surfaces exposed to diphenyl should be thor 8. Pecchia. L.. and U. Saffiotti: Tovkitv of Bipheny l. Diphenyl Oxide and Their oughly washed with soap and water at once. If clothing has been contami nated it should be removed promptly. Mixtures (Dowtherm . Med. La:-'''i IS: 247 (1957) C. A. 51: 150-iOli t1957). Particles of diphenyl in the eye 9. Kaeleton. L. W., W. Kundrins. J. \V. should be removed by flushing with Howard, and C. 0. Johnston: Studies water for at least 15 minutes. Splashes on Jliphenyl in the Dog. Presented a: of molten diphenyl require prompt XX International Physiological Con tnedieal attention to treat the thermal gress, Brussels, Belgium, Julv 30-August . bum. 4, 1956. ' Victims of a severe exposure should 10. Ambrose. A, M.. A. N. Booth, F. be removed to fresh air and kept at DeEds. and A. J. Cox. Jr.: A Toxi rest until seen by a physician. cological Study of Biphenyl. A Citrus Most persons with acute or chronic irritation of the eyes, skin or respira tory tract recover promptly in fresh air. Fungistat. Food Research. 23: 328 (19&'.. 11. Houghton, J. A., and C. Lee: Ultra ( Occasionally symptomatic therapy is required. violet Speetrophotometric and Fluores cence Data, .-imer, Ind. H\t. A:soc. J. 22: 296 (19611. ' 8. Snout *ocDVii: None indicated. 12. Houghton, J, A., and G. Lee: Dam on V. References Ultraviolet Absorption and Fluores cence Emission. Ame'. Ind. H\-g At- 1. Technical Note *70, Vapor Pressures sot. }. 21: 219 (I960'. ' of Organic Compounds in the Range Belov l mm of Mercury. National Bureau of Standards. (Oct. I960). 13. Knodel, L, R,, and E. J. Elvin: Infra red Determination of Biphenyl in Treated Fibetboard Cartons. Anal. 2. Ryazonov. V. A.: Sensory Physiology Chrm. 24: 1824 (1952'. as a Basis for Air Quality Standards. A.M.A. Arch. Environ. Health 5: 480 (1962). 3. Deichmann, W. B. K. V. Kitamiller. 14. Bruee, R. B.. arid J, 'W Howard: Colorimetric Determination of Biphenvl in Biological Materials. Anal. Chcm. 28: 1973 (I956w M. D.ierker, and S. Witherup: Obser _ vations on the Effects of Diphenyl, o- 15. West, H. D.. I. R. Lawrence, I. H. and p-Aminodiphenyl. o- and p Nitre- Miller, C R, Mathura: The Fate of diphenyl and Dihydro.eyoctachlorodi- Diphenvl in the Rat. Arch. Biochem. phenyl Upon Experimental Animals. Biophyt. 69: 14 (1956 '. /. Inid. Hyg. and Toxicol. 29: l (194? I. 04. Cornish. H. H.. and W. D. Block: 4. Cerarde, H. 5'\: Toxicology and Bio- Metabolism of Biphenvl and 4-Chloro- themistry of Aromatic Hydrocarbons. biphenyl in the Rabbit. Federation pp. 204-206. Elsevier Publishing Co., Proceedings 18: (abstract *817' 207 New York (i960). (1959). ' 906273 0Q*bl 28 STLCOPCB4026071 BRADLtY Hh.KKh.LL iu f AtegmL, l$SS HYGIENIC GUIDE SERIES Hydrogen Chloride L Hygienic StorfBords Ill Industrial Hygiene Practice A. RrcosaitvoEO luxtnmt atmos name A. Recognition: concentration (* hours): 5 parts per (1) Used chiefly j water solution (hy. million parti of air, by volume (ppm;.1 drocldoric acid) coctainirg air* or (1) Saris for Recommendation: Sensory less of hydrogen chloride. rmponse.' (2) By its irritant action on the rwpira- B. Severity or hazard*: (1) Health; Moderate, for acute expo tery passages. B. Evaiuatiox or exposcrcb: sure; low, for chronic. The cffecti are (1) Instrumentation.' Collection in water primarily irritation of upper terpintory passages. Higher concentration* result in eye irritation, and fatal lung injury has been reported from single massive exposures.* Erosion of the teeth may occur is persons who work regularly is atmospheres containing hydrogen chloride. (2) Fire: None. and measurement of sleetrical con ductivity. (3) Chemical: Collectioo is water or al> kaline solution, and determination of either the acid or the chloride con tent by aeidimetry or titration, reipeetively. Xephtlomttry, using sil ver nitrate, may also b used.* ' C. RECOMMENDED COXTROt UtaKKi: Maintain workroom atmosphere below l C. Short exroivre toler-aXcs: SO parts parts per million parts of air or concen l * per million parts of air.* tration which causes significant irritation D. atmospheric concentration natgot- Protect skin and eyes from contact. telt xacardovb to lire: 1000 to 2000 parts per million pans of air.9 IV. Specific Procedures R. Significant Properties Hydrogen chloride b a gas, highly irritating to the note and throat. A. FtMT aid: If hydrochloric acid is spilled on the skin, the affected part should be immediately rindied ":tli clean water Eye*, if affected, should be irrigated fat at least IS minutes. 3- Special medical procedures: None. Chemical formula: BCl Molecular weight: 36.5 Boiling pint: --$3.7* C Relative vapor den sity: 1.28 (air m l) Solubility: Water: $2.3 gm per 100 ml of water at 0*C At 25* C and 760' am Hf, 1 ppm of gu: 0.00149. mg/liter 1 mg.Titer of fas: 670 ppa V. literature References 1. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hvgicmttj: .4.1/.4 Arch, hid. Health. IS: 261 (1957). 2. Elkins, H. B.: Chemistry of hdvitnal Toxicology. John Wdey sow, Ine, New York (1950). 3,. Henderson, Y. and. Hass.iro. 3. W.: r .Voztovs Gates. P.einholri Publishing Corp.. New York (1941). 4. Thiele. E.: Zr-trefW. .4r!>t!ff?fd u. Ar- beilstehtits. $: 146 (1953). ASsifset in JAMA. 131: 631 (1954). . A0M 002622 79 906274 STLCOPCB4026072 BRP.DLEY MERRELL ID ' 70238b 1 bbb I'lHK ID 30 3'03 nu .uui < . j. ^ [ttfutfriol Hygiene Journal Iicnil of space limitations. it is impossible to list ell methods of j-poi'c evaluation. TKe selections have been made on the basis ol current usage, reliability, and apy-'-ro-uhiy to the vm*< industrial type of exposure. Any specific evaluation and:or control problem u,U mvolva proleuional fudgmsnt. This can best be done by professional industrial nygicnc personnel. Respiratory protective devices are commercially available. Their use. however, should be confined to emergency or niiniiilnl eepaeurte and not relied upon i -primary means ol ' Award control. A relative ecal* u used for rating the severity of hasards: nil. low, moderate, high, and extra hesardoue. i < Hfeityic Gems Coxvrmt WtLiux C. MeCoaxies. Chairman Bn'vr 1. Elkin*. PhP. Daw W, F*8m, M.D. B- V>. Sruexu Willu* B. Bamus Mtt.n* XT. Four, Se.D. E. E. St&uxou, Ph.D. Pack D. Halls? Eivtu V. Bknhn. MD. X. D. Pausa. Pb-D. Hygienic Guide iheeU mav be obtained from the .Vvkiuc.vn Inocotkial HTori'.* Assn- etATlON, 14175 Provost, Detroit 3T. Michigan at 35 cents each. All order* tor le* than iJ.OO nuit be prepaid. Discount ol %t% on orders ol flve or more Guides; <0% discount on or der* of 103 or more Guides. Special loose-leaf bioden for (be Guide* may also be ordered from lit Aaiociadon office for $1.35 each. . adh o2bZ3 906275 STLCOPCB4026073