Document oDGvQ2r0r1QrX48DDG83QQNx8

INORGANIC FIBROUS MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR ASBESTOS MATERIAL: ATTAPULGITE KNOWN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS - Membranolytlc (1). - Cytotoxic to pulmonary macrophages (2). - Causes mesothelioma In experimental animals (3). - Adsorbs polyaromatic hydrocarbons (4). - Lung fibrosis (1). REFERENCES: 1- Blgnon, J. et al. (1980) in Biological Effects of Mineral Fibres, Vol. 1:163-181, Ed. J.C. Wagner, 1ARC Pub. No. 30. 2- AIRD: unpublished data. 3- Pott, F. et al. (1976) Ann. Anat, Pathol. 21: 237-246. 4- Harvey et al. (1984) Brit. J. Ind. Med. 41: 396-400. UCC 010314 AU 1 046 INORGANIC FIBROUS MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR ASBESTOS MATERIAL: WOLLASTONITE KNOWN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS: - Membranolytlc (1) - Lung fibrosis, pleural thickntng, chronic bronchitis (2,3). - Morphologic and functional changes in lung macrophages (4). - Impairment of lung ventilatory capacity (5,6) REFERENCES : 1- Skaug, V. and Gylseth, B. (1983) Environ. Health Perspect. 51 : 195-203 2- Shasby, D.M. et al. (1979) fn Dusts and Diseases: Ed. R. Lemen and J. Dement, Pathol. Publ., pp. 251-256 3- Huuskonen, M.S. et al. (1983) Environ. Res. 30 : 291-304 4- Warheit, D.B. et al. (1984) Scanning Elect. Mlcrosc. 2 : 919-926 5- Henke, W. et al. (1984) Brit. J. Ind. Med. 41 : 474-479 6- Colei la. A. (1984) NYCO, Wlllsboro, N.Y. Letter to customers, citing 1982 NIOSH study AO 1 04-7 UCC 010315 INORGANIC FIBROUS MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR ASBESTOS MATERIAL : MINERAL (ROCK ) WOOL KNOWN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS: - Excess of cancer of trachea, bronchus and lung In production workers after 20 years of exposure. Risk of lung cancer is Increased (SMR= 192) 30 years after first employment (1). - Among workers with 20 or more years of exposure in one European mineral wool production plant, significant excess of lung, bladder and skin cancer was observed (2). 4 - Among U.S. rock wool production workers, an SMR of 172 (14 deaths from lung canoer observed vs 8.1 expected) was noted (3). - Possibility of an association of increased risk of cancer of the digestive system with exposure in rock wool production workers (4). REFERENCES: 1- Saraccl, R. et al. (1984) Brit. J. Ind. Med. 41 : 425-436. 2- Olsen, J. H. and Jensen, O.M. (1984) Scand. J. Work Environ. Health 10 : 17-24. 3- Enterline. P.E. and Marsh, 0.M. (1982) in Biological Effects of Man-Made Mineral Fibers. Copenhagen. WHO Euro Reports and Studies 81. 4- Robinson, C.F. et al. (1982) Brit. J. Ind. Med. 39 : 45-53. AU l 048 UCC 010316 INORGANIC FIBROUS MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR ASBESTOS MATERIAL : REFRACTORY ( CERAMIC ) FIBERS KNOWN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS: - Alumlno-silicate (ceramic) fibers are both fibrogenlc and cancerogenlc, after administration In experimental animals by Implantation and by inhalation (1). - Intraperltoneal administration (25 mg) of man-made refractory fibers (mean diameter 1.8 p) and of UICC crocidolite resulted in an incidence of 86% and 80% respectively of abdominal tumours (2). - Under normal service conditions, alumino-silicate (ceramic) fibers can be transformed partly into free silica, cristobalite and mullite (3). These cristalline forms of silica have been reported to be even more fibrogenlc than quartz (4). REFERENCES : 1- Davis, J.M.G. et al. (1983) in Biological Effects of Man-Made Mineral Fibres, WHO/1ARC, Euro Reports and Studies 81 : p. 124 2- Schultz, D.L. (April 22, 1985) Sohlo Engineered Materials Co. Letter to EPA, Washington, Re : FYI-0TS-0184-0288 3- Vine, e. et al. (1985) Ann. Occup. Hyg.28 : 356-359 4- Stttber, W. (1968) Arch. Environ. Health 16 : 706-707, AU I U4d UCC 010317 INORGANIC FIBROUS MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR ASBESTOS MATERIAL: GLASS FIBERS KNOWN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS : - Causes mesothelioma in experimental animals 0,2). - Effects in glass-dusted animals parallel those observed in esbestos-dusted animals (3). - Small diameter glass fibers are as cytotoxic in cell systems as comparable size asbestos fibers (4). - Small diameter glass fibers Induce metaplasia in organ cultures of trachea, a condition predisposing to malignant transformation by carcinogens found In tobacco smoke (5). - Glass fibers of respirable size can have an effect on the (human) lung similar to that of asbestos (6). - Studies in fibrous-glass production workers are consistent with a growing number of animal studies which demonstrate a carcinogenic response to glass fibers less than 1 jj in diameter (7). REFERENCES : 1- Pott F. ot !. (1974) Environ. Health Persped. 9 : 313-315. 2- Mohr, U. at al. (1984) Expor. Pathol. 26 : 179-183. 3- Millar. K. (1980) in Biological Effects of Mineral Fibers. Vol. 1 : 459-465. Ed. J.C. Wagner. IARC Pub. No. 30. 4- Tilkes. F. and Beck. E. 6. (1983) Environ. Health. Perspect. 51 : 275-279 5- Woodworth. C. D. at al. (1983) Cancer Res. 43 : 4906-4912) 6- Chiappino. 6. at al. (1981) Med. del Lavoro 72 : 96-101. 7- Bayliss. D.L. at al. (1976) U.S. Dept, of Commerce. NTIS. No. PB-257 784. AU 1 050 UCC 010318 ORGANIC FIBROUS MATERIALS AS SUBSTITUTES FOR ASBESTOS MATERIAL ARAMID FIBERS KNOWN BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS: - Cytotoxic to pulmonary macrophages (1}. - Exposure of test animals to respirable fraction has caused slight fibrosis, end a low incidence of lung tumors (2). REFERENCES: 1- Dunnfgan, J. et el. (1984) Toxicology Letters 20 : 277-282 2- Reinhardt, C.F. (1985) E.l. du Pont de Nemours & Go. Letter to EPA, Washington, Re : 8EHQ-0485-0550 UCC 010319 A0 t u