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EPA-650/2-74-087 September 1974 Environmental Protection technology Series EPA-650/2-74-087 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF ASBESTOS EMISSIONS FROM INCIDENTAL SOURCES OF ASBESTOS by R. J . K uryvial, R.A . Wood, and R.EW$SHVN& BatteClloe5l,u0mC5 oKbluuinsm,gbOAuhsvieoLnau4be3o,2r0a1tories P rCo goRrnOatmAr aPcEtNTlNeoamo.s k.e2n162tA84N-F0oA2.--00102A43B0015 EPA Project Officer: D.K. Oestreich R e sNe aartciohnCTa lorEinantnrvogillreoSnPymsatreeknm,tasNlLRoarebthsoerCaartacorhroylCinean te27r 711 Prepared for UO.SFF. IECNEVWOIRFAOSRNHEMISNEENGATTRAOCLNH,PADRNO.CDT.EDCE2TV0I4EO6LN0OPAMGEENNTCY September 1974 This rep o rt has been reviewed by the Environm ental P rotection Agency and approved for p u b licatio n . Approval does not sig n ify th a t the contents n ecessarily re fle c t the views and p o lic ie s of the Agency, nor does mention of trad e names or commercial products c o n stitu te endorsement or recommendation fo r use. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS O B J E C T IV E .................................. APPROACH. ........................................................................................................................ SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS..................................................................................... BACKGROUND INFORMATION..................................................................................... A sbestiform M inerals of In te re st. . . . . . . . . . . GG eeAoogslobragepischtiifcOo crDmcuisrMrter inibncueetrioaoflnsA..o..s.f.b...eA..s..rt..ie.f.a.o..s.r..m.L....i..kP..e.h..l.a.y.s..e..t.s.o..........C.......o......n......t...a.....i..n....................... APPROACH AND RESULTS.............................................................................................. OSF iecelcleudcrtrieSonancmepolofinfgSAoaustbrceTeswstioffooSrrmi t eFMsie. ilnd.e.S..r.a.a.m.l..s..p..l.i.i.nn...Og.......r..e...s ................................. GLOSSARY. ........................................................................................................................ Page 1 1 2 3 3 -, 5 11 16 221226 40 APPENDIX A DEATCACILEESDSORDYISCMUINSESRIOANL AONFDOMCCINUIRNRGENACCETOIVFITAYSBEINSTOTHSEASES AANREAS. . . A- 1 AAAACC lrrolaakialblzosaiaokfnrmnaoasdaaar..on.s....i....a........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... DFGC eeloolonarrwngiiedaarcaet...i....c.......u.........t.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. HIII ndl aldawiinhaanooi ia..i..s........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Iow a.......................................................................................................................... K a n sa s.................................. MKLMoeaanurityinusliecaakn..n.yd..a............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 81 324363 15 55455714 7737 6692 79 82 899520 97 ni A-l APPENDIX A DASEBTEASILTEODS ADSISCAUNSASICOCNESSOOFRYOCMCUINRERREANLCEANODF MINING ACTIVITY IN THESE AREAS Alabama The Piedmont region in th e e a s t-c e n tra l p a rt o f th e s ta te o f Alabama has an ex ten siv e occurrence o f metam orphic rocks a s o u tlin e d in F igure A -l. W ithin th e general region of metamorphism, am phibolite zones are quite prevalent in several counties as depicted in Figure A-2, a re g io n a l map nam ing c o u n tie s . A sb esto s and ta lc o c c u rre n ce s a r e ta b u la te d in Table A -l. L o c a litie s in T allapoosa and Chambers co u n ties have been described in d eta il to pinpoint selected ultram afic pods th at have been altered to asbestiform m inerals including anthophyllite, trem o lite and a c tin o lite . A n thophyllite was mined in te rm itte n tly during th e la te 1960*8 from th e la rg e m afic complex n o rth east o f D adeville in T allapoosa County as shown on F ig u re A -3, T alc is a v a ila b le from th e same reg io n (T alledega County) from th e American T alc Company (A lpine, Alabama 35014). N eatherly w rote "The m afic and u ltram afic rocks o f the Piedmont reg io n rep resen t a wide v a rie ty o f d is tin c t but re la te d rock types which have been involved in one or more cycles of reg io n al m etamorphism, stru c tu ra l d islo c a tio n , and pervasion by em anations m obilized from the country rock. Four processes of a lte ra tio n are recognized: (1) se rp e n tin iz a tio n , (2) s te a titiz a tio n , (3) am phibolization, and (4) c h lo rltiz a tio n * A ll th ese processes occurred more or le ss co n cu rrently throughout the m afic-u ltram afic b e lt; however, one mode o f a lte r a tio n generally predom inated over the other th ree a t a given lo c a lity . The processes of am phibolization and s te a titiz a tio n were most w idespread. A m phibolization is the a lte ra tio n of pyroxenes (e n s ta tite , hypersthene, o liv in e , etc) to am phibole m inerals (an th o p h y llite, a c tin o lite , tre m o lite , hornblende, e tc ). The amphibole formed in the D adeville area is the orthorhom bic v a r ie ty , a n th o p h y llite , commonly from o liv in e . T rem o lite and a c tin o lite a ls o a re commonly a s so c ia te d w ith th e u ltra m a fic ro ck s in th e D adeville area having been found along the periphery of th e ultram afic-m afic rock com plex." -2 W hile th e asb esto s m ineral prospects of T allapoosa County are not now being w orked, ta lc i s c u rre n tly being mined by th e A m erican T alc Company in T allad eg a County. E lsew here in th e co u n ties c o n ta in in g th e am phibolite zones, large q u an tities of ta lc and soapstone are found over wide a re a s, close to the su rface, and are of cu rren t and long-range in te re s t. The current mining and quarrying a c tiv itie s in the area are summarized in Table A -2. TABLE A -l. ATLHAEBAOMCACUR(FRREONMCEUOSGFSAMSBRE-1S7TOaSn,dTMALRC-3, 1A).ND SOAPSTONE IN A sbestos T allapoosa County: 1- wDP iaatdlhleivbs italesleric, a r1ien9at5r.5u. s iSvheo rr3to2-cfkib5se,4r' Mamayp8nh5airbdo4lae4n*12da s bo eths teorss , a s1s9o2c3;ia te d Talc and Soapstone T alladega County: 1. MT acMllaudrreagyaa. nd TBalocw lperso, b1a9b4ly1. d e riv e3d3 fr1o9mT d o lo8m6ite1. 3 ' T allapoosa County: 2 . Di1g9an5de5eo. vuisllero ac k3r e2sa. . 5M3Sraoyanpa8rsd5tonan4ed0p' orothb aebr sly, a1s9s2o3c; iaPtea dl l iws tiethr , m afic (L o c a litie s by N orth L atitude and West Longitude) -3 34 32 FIGURE A -I, METAMORPHIC ROCK OCCURRENCE IN ALABAMA A-4 -N- FIGURE A -2. HAP OF AREA OF ALABAMA CONTAINING METAMORFHIC ROCKS A-5 FIGAmwaCToUnfraoiidRentluAhaEliaUnnsmpAgtliooC.pte-ro3hfsah.,simlbpaoAoa,arPlsltiiaCitttocbeehrAatamSPi(mnomocatnbdh,haessosirssssphlo,itohvo,fLceyvCalieanlGellinglat,aydeybat,bhnoilrnaRderoyt,aeetoEnraNrclmdemlcocodiuolx)rprrierehtede,n,, c- e fetayf C HUUjjLPI I vr u i '-\j-..oan.a.a..J?X A-6 TABLE A -2. PRINCIPAL MINERAL PRODUCERS IN ALABAMA County Chambers C hilton CCllaeyburne Coosa E lm ore Lee Randolph T a lle d e g a T allap o o sa Company and A ddress Commodity No m a jo r p ro d u cer None Sand and gravel No m ajo r producer NSaonnde and g ra v e l Je n k in s B--ric--k> Company MP.oOn.tgBomoxer9y1, Alabama 36101 V ulcan M a te ria ls Company BP*ir0m. inBgohxam73, 2A4-lAabam a 35223 NColaney , sand and g ra v e l No m ajo r p ro d u cer Stone UC10hn1iicteSadg. oWS, taaIcltkleeisrn oDGiyrspivsue6m060C6o. Scrap mica VBP iu,r0lmc. ainnBgohMxama7t3,e2rA4i-alAalbsamCaom3p5a2n2y3 Lim estone, ta lc GG eaonrtgtsiaQMu aarrrbyle, ACloambpaamnay 35069 TChaormt epsrosnv-Wi l leein, mGaneo&rgCieom3p0a1n2y0 AA mlpeirnicea, nATlaablacmCa o3m5p0a1n4y No c u rre n t p ro d u cer A nthophyllite. Source References A-7 (1) MUBSeeGntSajammMoiarnpphA1i*-c7MM24aoprgoafn,th1e97A2 ppalachians (2) AAUSsGbHSesMtoCasphiidnMeRstt-h1ee7r aUnnditAed* FS.taStehsride, 1962 (3) AUTS.aGlHcS.ManCadphiSdMoeaRspt-e3s1tronanedinH*thWe. WUnoirttehdinSgttaotne,s 1962 (4) ATTBlhaualoblcrlanemattnoaindn Anthophyllite Deposits in Tallapoosa 9L0*NGeeaothl.erSyu, rv1*968of Alabama and Chambers Counties, (5) UTT.aSl*cL*aBnNudreeaAatuhsbeMreysi,tnoeesst,aatRlD,IaN.doevv7e0lml4lb5ee,r,A1la9b6a7ma (6) ATG.meoLpl.h. ibNSouelraivtt*eheAoryfre,Aaeslatboaafml,athe197F3idemont Region (Map) (7) HUT*h.eLSM*, iRBnuielrreeayaluaInnoddf uWMs*tirnyEes. oMSf mAinilteahrb,aalms1a9Y71earbook