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drywall construction handbook UNITED STATES GYPSUIV 5th edition (revised) * IS * drywall construction handbook >rice SI .50 2 UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY 101 S. Wacker Dr., Chicago, III. 60606, Dept. 122 3 gypsum drywall construction handbook 5th edition (revised) TRADEMARKS: The following trademarks are owned and/or reg istered in the U.S. Patent Office by United States Gypsum Company, and are used throughout this handbook to designate particular prod ucts manufactured by that company: USG (metal products, gypsum coreboards, fiber boards, sheathing, adhesives, joint compounds, plaster, paints, acoustical sealant); Sheetrock (gypsum wallboard, sealer, adhesives): Firecode. Baxbord, Ultra wall (gypsum board): Perf-A-Tape (joint treatment): Durabond (joint treatment, ad hesives); Dur-A-Beao, Perf-A-Bead, Econo (comer reinforcement): Pyrobar (gypsum partition tile): Thermafiber (insulation products): Grano Prize. Texolite, A-B Tex, Pro-Kyd, Acrepox, Metal Coat, Diamond (paint products); Textone (gypsum panels, paint products, moldings); E-Z Wall (partition system); Red Top, Structo-Base, Structo-Gauge, Diamond (plaster); Rocklath (piaster base); Imperial (piaster base, plaster); Ivory (lime). Copyright 1970, United States Gypsum Company. 4 . . . ABOUT THIS HANDBOOK This Handbook of Gypsum Drywall Construction presents complete data on products and systems developed to simplify and speed construction, enhance appearance, and increase the use of gypsum drywall construction. It contains new data on partition, ceiling and fireproofing systems, and revised up-todate information on tools, products, methods of installation and good construction practices. It is a complete and authoritative guide, valuable for both those with limited knowledge and those with broad experience in gypsum drywall construction. HOW IT SERVES YOU This handbook will serve as a quick and comprehensive refer ence for any drywall information you want: Architects and Builders--Complete information on drywall systems, including descriptions, advantages, limitations and de tail drawings. Contractors and Dealers--Full data on all aspects of drywall products, tools, methods, including estimating and planning. Applicators, experienced or beginners--Clear, concise illus trated instructions on all phases of drywall application from framing to finish. Building Inspectors and Code Officials--Fire and sound test data; proper construction procedures for products which must be used together to meet fire and sound rating requirements. TO FIND THE INFORMATION YOU WANT: Use the fully cross-referenced index at the back. Or--check Table of Contents on page 5 to find the applicable chapter, then use the detailed table on the first page of that chapter to find the right page. For example, if you want information on metal trim, it's in the index both as "Metal trim" and "Trim, metal." Also, the facing Table of Contents shows "Products" as Chapter 2 and the table of contents at the start of the chapter shows the page where metal accessories are found. B B 014 03<0  5 table of contents chapter 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. title Drywall Characteristics and Practices Products Methods of Installation Systems Fire and Sound Ratings Drywall Problems and Remedies Tools Appendix Index page 7 24 66 150 236 252 274 294 295 6 1 chapter 1 characteristics and practices i page Advantages of Gypsum Drywall Construction 9 Good Construction Practices 10 JOB PRACTICES 10 Framing Requirements 10 Job Storage 11 Mechanical Handling 12 Temperature and Humidity Conditions 12 page DESIGN RECOMMENDATIONS 13 Perimeter Isolation and Control Joints 13 Vapor Control Insulation Sound Control Fire Resistance 13 14 16 17 INSTALLATION RECOMMENDATIONS 18 Application Measuring 18 18 Cutting 19 Fastening 20 Joint Treatment 21 Decorating 23 I I 8 good practices/the drywall revolution THE DRYWALL REVOLUTION In the last two decades, gypsum drywall construction has revolu tionized the building industry. A dynamic expansion is taking place--to the point that today more than 75% of all new resi dential buildings have sturdy, beautiful walls and ceilings of fireresistant gypsum wallboard. Within the last ten years, through leadership in research and de velopment, United States Gypsum has introduced many new products and systems for drywall construction. These systems offer specialized sound control and fire resistance together with speed of installation, strength and low cost. Their wide accept ance in commercial, industrial and institutional construction follows the pattern of drywall's dominance in residential work. The key product in this revolution is Sheetrock Wallboard. the first and most widely used brand of gypsum wallboard. It is available with the scientifically developed eased-edge configura tion of Sheetrock SW--designed to resist joint ridging and crack ing--as well as in various types of board to meet every wall and ceiling requirement. Sheetrock SW Wallboard, after extensive testing under super vision of an impartial engineering firm, has been certified superior at resisting ridging. Sheetrock SW joint assemblies showed far greater flatness and strength than assemblies using ordinary tapered-edge wallboard. Sheetrock has its beginning in the ground as a gray to whitecolored rock called gypsum. The basic ingredient of fireproof wallboards, gypsum is a non-metallic mineral composed of cal cium sulphate chemically combined with water of crystalliza tion. This "dry" water makes up approximately 20% of the weight of gypsum rock. It is this feature which gives gypsum its fire-resistive qualities and makes it so adaptable to the manufac ture of wallboard. After gypsum ore is mined or quarried (illustrated, page 2), it is crushed, dried, ground to flour fineness, and heated or cal cined to drive off the greater part of the chemically combined water as steam. This calcined gypsum, or piaster of Paris, is then mixed with water and other ingredients and sandwiched between two sheets of specially treated paper to form a ribbon of Sheetrock, as illustrated on page 3. After the gypsum core has set, the wallboard is cut to length, dried, pre-finished as required and packaged for shipment. The entire process is con ducted in strict accordance with specifications to meet carefully controlled high quality standards. Success and continued expansion in gypsum drywall construc tion depends on keeping standards of quality and appearance high while cutting construction time and costs to a minimum. U.S.G. has consistently been in the forefront of this effort, providing new materials to increase utility and lower cost; new systems with improved fire resistance and sound control; ad visory services to promote better materials handling, market analysis and business management; specification and application information as a guide to good construction practices. V9E0 frlOBB 1 advantages of drywali/good practices 9 advantages of gypsum drywall construction Fire Resistant--Gypsum will not support combustion. Gyp sum when exposed to fire behaves like a cake of ice when the flame from a blow torch is applied. The ice melts on the surface in contact with the flame while the opposite side re mains cool. Similarly, the surface of gypsum wallboard opposite the flame remains at a relatively low temperature until the gypsum core is completely calcined. Smooth Unbroken Surfaces--Now the new Sheetrock SW Sys tem provides walls and ceilings of flawless beauty with the strongest joint ever developed. A U.S.G. Joint System reinforces and conceals the joints between panels. Decoration--The strong, highly calendered face paper on Sheetrock Wallboard is suitable for any type of decorative treatment such as paint, texture or wallpaper and permits re peated redecoration during the life of the building. Pre-finisbed panels are available which require no painting or joint finishing. Walls are complete as soon as panels are installed. These fire-resistant panels have a durable finish that is easily maintained. Minimum Moisture--Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard eliminates the use of tons of water on the job. Since excess moisture is not put into the building, the possibility of moisture damage is minimized. Crack Resistance--The new Sheetrock SW measurably reduces joint imperfections due to extremes in temperature and humidity. Bonded together with a U.S.G. Joint System, Sheetrock panels form walls and ceilings that are exceptionally resistant to cracks caused by minor structural movement, vibrations or settlement. Uniform Quality--Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard panels are factory-made products. The raw materials and the manufacture are carefully controlled. Speed of Erection--The use of Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard permits earlier completion of construction--and earlier building occupancy. Snug-Fitting Trim--The uniform thickness of each panel per mits installation of wood or metal trim snug to wall surfaces. Warp-Resistance--Expansion or contraction of Sheetrock under normal temperature and humidity changes and resulting deformation are negligible. BB014 0365 10 good practices/framing requirements good construction practices Two ingredients are required for a quality drywall job--quality products and skilled craftsmen correctly employing good con struction practices. Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard, a U.S.G. Joint System and drywall accessories are top quality products designed to work together, job-proven and constantly improved. But without proper planning and correct installation by the appli cator, the products by themselves cannot be expected to produce the desired quality results. This section deals with the basic job practices, design and instal lation recommendations that should be followed in planning and completing the best possible job. These good construction prac tices can give the applicator greater profit through fewer callbacks, less waste and lower job costs, and quality results that produce quicker sales, higher prestige and an enduring business reputation. "1 job practices framing requirements The framing that will receive Sheetrock Wallboard should be thoroughly inspected to be certain that all previous work has been completed in good order. Good framing, particularly wood, is essential regardless of the type of wall surfacing materials used. Wood framing should meet the requirements outlined in Chapter 3--Installation Methods and the minimum requirements of FHA, ALSC and local building codes. Failure to observe these requirements will materially increase the possibility of fastener failure due to wood shrinkage and warping. Framing should approach as closely as possible the moisture con tent it will reach in service by allowing the building, after it is enclosed, to stand as long as possible prior to application of the gypsum wallboard. Framing should be designed to account for shrinkage in wide dimensional lumber such as floor joists and headers. Wallboard surfaces may buckle or crack when firmly anchored across the flat grain of wide wood members as shrinkage occurs. With high exposed walls and cathedral type ceilings, regular or modified balloon framing should be used. With western or platform fram ing, the wallboard must either be floated over the wood member or provided with a control joint at the joist location. FRAMING CORRECTIONS If joists are out of alignment. 2"x6~ leveling plates attached perpendicular to and across top of ceiling joists may be used. BB014 0366 job storage/good practices 11 Toe nailing into joists pulls framing into true horizontal align ment and insures a smooth level ceiling construction. Bowed or warped studs may be straightened by sawing the hollow sides at the middle of the bow and driving a wedge into the saw kerf until the stud is in line. Reinforcement of the stud is accomplished by securely nailing l"x4" wood strips or "scabs" on each side of the cut (see photo). job storage If possible, Sheetrock Wallboard should be ordered for de livery a day in advance of drywall application. Materials stored on the job for a long period of time are subject to excessive abuse. Wallboard, like millwork, is a finish material to be handled with care to avoid damage. The Sheetrock should be placed inside under cover and stacked flat on a clean floor in the centers of the largest rooms. It is often desirable to place the necessary number of pieces of Sheetrock Wallboard in the location where they will be used. All materials used on the job should remain in their wrappings or containers until ready for actual use. Sheetrock planned for use on ceilings should be placed on top of pile for removal first. Avoid stacking long lengths on short lengths, as the weight of overhang of the longer board is apt to break (he boards. If flat storage space is not available an alternate method of short-term, on-the-job storage is placing the wallboard verti cally against the framing with the long edge of the board hori zontal. This method should not be used for long periods since vertical storage may deform the board. With this type of stor age, some jobs cannot be stocked until electrical and plumbing installations are made. Caution should be exercised not to overload the framing mem bers acting as a brace for this manner of storage, and not to overload floor space in a storage area when board is piled flat. There are so many variable conditions that, in general, outside storage of Sheetrock Wallboard is not recommended. BB014 0367 I 12 good practices/handling & ventilation I mechanical handling When drywall construction moved into high-rise buildings, it brought with it the new challenge of moving large wallboard panels from the ground to the point of use many stories up. Materials handling on the job site can add cost and whittle away profit while the contractor scarcely knows where his money has gone. Time and money savings can be substantial when correct handling procedures are used. Job conditions vary so widely that it is impossible to establish universal materials handling procedures. However, there is much to be learned from inspecting methods used in various job situations and from reviewing resulting costs. Case studies with photos and step-by-step procedures of ma terial handling methods used by contractors around the country are available. Contact your U.S.G. representative for help in determining on-site handling costs and methods best suited to particular job conditions. Also see Chapter 7--Tools--for de scriptions of handling equipment and available suppliers. temperature and humidity conditions fn cold weather (outdoor temperatures less than 55 F.), con trolled heat in the range of 55 to 70* F. must be provided. This heat must be maintained both day and night 24 hours before, during and after entire gypsum wallboard and joint treatment ap plication and until permanent heating system is in operation or the building is occupied. Ventilation should be provided to elimi nate excessive moisture. In glazed buildings, this may be accom plished by keeping windows open approximately 2" top and bottom (or side-pivoted windows approximately 4") to provide air circulation. In enclosed areas lacking in natural ventilation, temporary circulators should be used. Under slow drying condi- B9EO v io a a design recommendations/good practices 13 tions, allow additional drying time between coats of joint com pound. Avoid drafts during hot. dry weather to prevent too rapid drying of joint compound. Also see "Cold Weather Tips --Joint System Application," Chapter 3. design recommendations perimeter isolation and control joints Drywall partitions, ceilings, column fireproofing and furring will not resist stresses imposed by structural movement, and are sub ject to dimensional variations due to changes in temperature and humidity. It is recommended that wallboard surfaces be isolated from all structural elements, except the floor, by control joints or other means where: a. a wallboard surface abuts any structural element or dissimilar wall or ceiling assembly. b. the construction changes within the plane of the partition, ceil ing, furring or fireproofing. c. the basic interior or exterior wall contains a control or expan sion joint. In long partition and wall furring runs, control joints should be provided no more than 30' o.c. Door frames extending from floor to ceiling are recommended as control joints. For doors less than ceiling height, control joints extending from both comers of the frame to the ceiling may be used. Expansive ceiling areas should have control joints spaced not to exceed 50' in either direction. The continuity of wallboard and supports should be broken over control joints. Control joints may be positioned to intersect light fixtures, heating vents, air diffusers, etc., which are usually considered weak spots. Exterior Portland cement-lime stucco surfaces in the Metal Stud Curtain Wall System should be divided into panels with control joints spaced no more than 10' o.c. in either direction (30' o.c. for inside surface as shown above). The area of a separate section should not exceed 100 sq. ft. Sheathing and interior lath or wallboard should be broken behind control joints. Where vertical and horizontal joints intersect, the vertical joint should be continuous and the horizontal joint should abut it. Splices, terminals and intersections should be caulked with USG Acoustical Sealant. See Chapter 3 for correct installation procedures for control joints and perimeter isolation. vapor control Condensation of moisture from the air occurs when the tempera ture of warm moist air is reduced and the cooler air is unable to hold as much water vapor. Condensation in exterior walls is a BB014 0369 14 good practices/insulation common cause of paint failure, warped siding and rotted studs and sills. Also, moisture penetration can reduce the effectiveness of wall and ceiling insulation. An efficient vapor barrier installed in walls and ceilings usually prevents this damage and is particu larly important in climates with wide summer-winter temperature fluctuations--also in humid mild climates. United States Gypsum has developed a number of products and systems designed to reduce moisture penetration and also provide significant insulating values. The outstanding resistance to vapor penetration of the bright aluminum foil laminated to the back of Insulating Sheetrock Wallboard makes it an ideal material for condensation control, especially when installed with effective insulating materials. The strong asphalt paper covering Thermafiber Regular Insu lating Blankets and the aluminum foil encasing Thermafiber Silver Shield Blankets provide excellent vapor barriers. Polyethe lene plastic film at least 4 mils thick is also satisfactory. A vapor barrier should be located on the warm side of exterior walls and top floor ceilings to prevent moisture penetration into the construction. Care should be taken when erecting wallboard to see that the foil backing or other vapor barrier is not punctured or destroyed. When two vapor barriers occur in close proximity or within the same construction, such as in attics, crawl spaces or metal curtain wall construction, the space between the barriers should be vented to remove moisture which has penetrated the warm barrier. insulation Quality drywall construction today demands proper insulation of exterior wall surfaces, beams and columns to minimize the pos sibilities of partitions cracking and to reduce shadowing and spotting problems in exterior walls. Steel and concrete beams and columns expand as temperatures rise and contract as temperatures drop. For example, a 50' length of concrete expands Y " in length as the temperature varies from -- 10F to 90F. These movements are transferred to the parti tions which are indirectly attached to or supported by the framing. Exterior structural members should be properly insulated in addi tion to employing appropriate isolation and control joints to re duce the amount of expansion and contraction and the possibilities for partition cracking. See Chapter 6--Cracking Problems in High-Rise Structures for a full description of this condition. Shadowing and spotting due to airborne dirt accumulation over screw heads is a potential problem whenever an exterior curtain wall or wall furring system is used. Photographing or shadowing over the furring members or studs resulting from dirt or smoke deposition may also occur, although less frequently. The problem is caused by a differential in temperature between the metal screws, metal studs or furring members and the surrounding wallboard surface during periods of low temperature. This results in insulation/good practices 15 a greater accumulation of dirt over screw heads and framing mem bers than on the surrounding surface of wallboard. The intensity of the spotting or shadowing will vary directly with the tempera ture differential as well as with the amount of airborne dirt or smoke. Because of the temperature and airborne dirt conditions over which United States Gypsum has no control, the Company cannot be held responsible for the surface blemishes that may result. Where temperature, humidity and soiling conditions are expected to cause objectionable shadowing and spotting, one of the follow ing alternates should be considered: a. Additional insulation should be provided to reduce the tem perature differential between the metal components and the surrounding wallboard. b. For maximum resistance to shadowing and spotting, a sepa rate chase wall construction is recommended. The interior wall surface should be separately framed with free-standing furring that is independent of the exterior walls. The All-Weather Standards of the National Mineral Wool Asso ciation shown below give minimum insulation requirements for air-conditioned or electric-heated buildings. All-Weather Standards--Wool Insulation Building Section Ceilings-- Extreme Temp. Areas Select Blankets Marked This Way R-24 Installation Recommandations With min. 1' air space be tween vapor barrier & ceiling Ceilings-- Moderate Temp. Ateas R-19 With min. 1' air space be tween vapor barrier & ceiling Walls R-ll Can substitute R-13 in extreme temperature areas floors R-1J With min. 1' air space be tween vapor barrier & lloor NOTES: Ratings shown apply to floors ovtr unhealed spaces. Recommendations are subiect lo variation due to individual type of construction, amount and orientation of window area, sheltered location, capacity of heating and cooling equipment, etc. BB014 0371 In accordance with industry standards, Thermafiber Insulation products are labeled with each product's mass resistance (of insulation only), thickness and installed resistance. This installed resistance is the sum of mass resistance and resistance of adjacent air spaces or air surfaces which may exist. All manufacturers' mineral wool insulation products marked with the same Installed Resistance Number have the same insulation value regardless of individual thickness. 16 good practices/sound control sound control The partitions, floors and ceilings of a building provide resistance to transmission of airborne and structure-borne sound. Their effi ciency as sound barriers is dependent upon several factors that concern drywall construction: 1. Mass--The heavier the construction, the greater its resistance to sound transmission. 2. Isolation--The separation of opposite surfaces of a construc tion will improve sound isolation. Surfaces may be separately supported with no structural connections between them or may be resiliency mounted to common supports. 3. Damping--The addition of sound attenuation wool within the construction effectively dissipates sound energy by converting it to heat. 4. Leaks--Cracks, penetrations or any openings, however small, readily conduct airborne sound. 5. Flanking Paths--Sound is transmitted along the path of least resistance which is usually through the structure and around sound barrier walls and floor-ceilings. GUIDELINES FOR SOUND-CONTROL CONSTRUCTION 1. Wall and ceiling construction should provide approximately the same degree of sound control through each assembly. Where a drywall partition is used for sound isolation, the construction should extend from slab to slab. Sound can travel through a sus pended acoustical ceiling, up and over a partition attached .to a suspended ceiling and into other areas. 2. Doubling the mass (weight) of a partition improves sound attenuation by about 5 decibels (db). 3. Doubling the width of air space between free-standing parti tion diaphragms improves sound attenuation by about 5 db. 4. Do not substitute materials in a sound control system as this may reduce the attenuation performance. 5. ThermaFIBEr Sound Attenuation Blankets placed in the par tition cavity greatly improve the performance only if the system is resilient, as with RC-I Channels or metal studs. 6. For effective sound control, an assembly must be airtight-- perimeters and all penetrations must be sealed with acoustical caulk such as USG Acoustical Sealant. Enough sound can leak through a l-sq. in. hole in a 100-sq. ft. partition to lower the per formance approximately 10 STC points. 7. Electrical outlet boxes and similar penetrations such as heat outlets on opposite sides of a sound control partition should be separated by at least one stud space and should not be directly connected. Caulk the back and sides of electrical boxes and the perimeter of all penetrations. BB014 0372 i fire resistance/good practices 17 8. Back-to-back bathtubs and recessed medicine cabinets can reduce sound control performance. Provide a wall surface between bathtubs and use surface-mounted cabinets. 9. Hollow-core doors are ineffective in retarding the transmission of sound between rooms. If required in sound walls, doors should have solid cores and seals at the perimeters. 10. Continuous ceilings over sound control partitions provide a flanking path for sound. Install expansion joints in the ceiling at intersection with partitions to decouple ceiling areas. With an open plenum, retard flanking with Thermafiber Blankets laid directly on the ceiling and extending 4 to 5 ft. out from the partition. 11. Conduit, recessed light fixtures, heat ducts and other services rigidly secured to a resifiently attached diaphragm will negate its sound-isolating property by "short circuiting" the decoupling. 12. Air chambers at plumbing valves and individual waste stacks for separate apartments will alleviate much irritating plumbing noise. 13. Noise-producing appliances and fixtures (dishwashers, gar bage disposals, water closets, exhaust and furnace blowers) should be isolated from the structure with resilient mounts and flexible service leads. fire resistance Building codes establish fire endurance requirements for various building elements that provide an acceptable level of safety to life and property. A fire resistance rating denotes the length of time a given partition, floor-ceiling or column assembly can resist passage of intense heat and flames, while supporting the imposed design loads. Fire ratings are based on specific components and details of as sembly and not on the ceiling or partition membrane alone. Prod ucts used in fire-rated assemblies are regularly tested for uniform ity and compliance and are specifically listed in systems specifica tions and labeled for easy recognition by field inspectors. Construction of fire-rated assemblies should be preceded by care fully reading the test report for specific details of assembly. If this construction is not followed, changes may adversely affect the result. Any deviation in construction or substitution of materials from those described in the test report, therefore, should be care fully considered in advance. Construction to meet certain fire requirements will vary with tht type of building. The hazards in an apartment building will ob viously be different--and more complex--than in a single-famil) unit. It is important that the building code be studied to determine specific requirements; then suitable fire-rated assemblies and nec essary construction details may be selected. BB014 0373 18 good practices/wallboard application These are some important fire-resistance details for apartment construction: Where pipes, wires, ducts, utility lines, etc. pass through floors or vertical shafts, caulk holes to reduce draft or path for flame. Carry flooring and sub-flooring to walls. Caulk all openings that remain. Cover entire area behind tubs, sinks, cabinets, soffits, etc. with wallboard so that there are no openings in the wall surface. Build soffits and position cabinets and plumbing fixtures over the unbroken surface. Place heating ducts outside framing and enclose with furring and gypsum wallboard. installation recommendations general recommendations for applying sheetrock wallboard Application--The following recommendations are for Sheetrock wallboard applied to wood and metal framing: Ceiling panels should be installed first. Sheetrock Wallboard panels should be cut so as to slip easily into place. All joints should be loosely butted together. Boards should never be forced into position. Tapered edges, except at angles, should always be placed next to one another. Butt ends should never be placed next to a tapered edge. (Sheetrock Wallboard is tapered and wrapped along the long dimension to facilitate joint treatment. Exposed ends (butts) along the short dimension are not tapered.) Wherever pos sible. Sheetrock should be applied horizontally and in lengths to span ceilings and walls without end (butt) joints. If butt joints occur, they should be staggered and located as far from the center of walls and ceilings as possible. All ends and edges of Sheetrock Wallboard must be supported on framing members, except edges at right angles to framing in horizontal application and face layer of Double-Layer applica tion and where end joints are to be back-blocked and floated. For description of Back-Blocking, see Chapter 3. If metal trim is to be installed around edges, doors, or win dows. determine if trim is to be installed on framing prior to application of wallboard. Refer to Chapter 2 for description of products and to Chapter 3 for description of installations. BB014 0374 measuring & cutting/good practices 19 * Wallboard surfaces should not be firmly anchored across the flat grain of wide dimensional lumber such as floor joists and headers. Wallboard should be floated over these members or provided with a control joint to handle wood shrinkage. See Chapter 3 for description of installation. Measuring--All measurements must be accurate. Two measure ments should be made as a check, one on the other. In addition, this procedure will usually warn applicator of partitions or door frames that are out of plumb so that allowances in cutting may be made. A 12-foot steel tape rule is recommended. All tools for measuring and cutting are illustrated and described in detail in Chapter 7--Tools. Cutting--Straight line cuts across full width or length of board are made by scoring face paper, snapping core of board, and then cutting back paper. The common tool used to score and cut gypsum wallboard is a Stanley wallboard trimming knife. Regardless of type used, blade should always be kept sharp so that score will be made through paper into core of gypsum wallboard. Use of a straight edge is recommended. An aluminum 4-foot Tsquare, ruled on both sides, facilitates clean, straight cuts. Score paper on face of board with cutting knife, using a straight edge as a guide. Break the gypsum core of Sheetrock by snapping or bending away from the scored paper side. Complete cutting by running knife through back paper from above or below. Smooth cut edges with a rasp, coarse sandpaper or metal lath wrapped around a block of wood, or trim with a cutting knife. BB014 0375 T Fastening--Sheetrock Wallboard is fastened to wood framing with either nails or screws. Traditional!/, nails have been the sole fastening means for wallboard constructions, but use of the USG Brand Screw--Type W is the best known insurance against fastener pops caused by loosely attached board. VA" USG Brand Screws--Type W are applied with a positive-clutch electric powerdriven screwdriver equipped with an adjustable screw depth control head and a Phillips bit. Extensive comparison tests have shown the superiority of the screw over the GWB-54 annular ring nail, itself the most effec tive of nail fasteners. Compared to the nail, the screw offers: Over 100% greater withdrawal resistance. Over 100% greater "push-off" resistance. Reduced incidence of loose board. Increased coating protection against rust. Reduced fastener head defects, resulting in fewer call-backs. Tighter attachment of Sheetrock Wallboard to framing. Fewer fasteners, less spotting and joint compound needed. Elimination of paper tearing and core fracturing associated with nailing. Alternate methods for fastening wallboard to wood framing: 1. Double Nailing System--for minimizing defects due to loosely nailed wallboard by placing second nails within 2" of first nails. BB014 0376 joint treatment/good practices 21 2. Adhesive Nail-on System--A continuous bead of Durabond 200 or 300 Stud Adhesive is applied to framing plus supplemen tary nailing; improves bond strength by 50% to 100%, greatly reduces face nailing needed. Drywall screws are the accepted fasteners for attaching wallboard to light-gauge steel studs and channels. Intensive engineering re search has produced the USG Brand Type S Screw--a fastener clearly superior to the conventional drywall screw. The Hi and Lo double lead threads and reduced shank diameter produce these added features: More gripping area--greater holding power. 35%-50% faster penetration--more screws driven per day. 40% less driving torque--reduced operator fatigue--screw guns last longer. ... plus self-drilling, self-tapping, milled drilling point. patented bugle head. Specifications for recommended nails and drywall screws are given in Chapter 2--Products. The spacing of fasteners is in cluded in the description of each type of wallboard application in Chapter 3. For fastener specifications used in specific drywall systems, see Chapter 4 or consult the official test report. general recommendations for joint treatment The growth of drywall construction in the building industry is due largely to the development and improvement of joint finishing methods. U.S.C., the originator and developer of modern joint treatment, is continuing to perfect products with overall qualities that provide the best, most uniform finished result. The most re cent of these are USG Brand Joint Compounds, a complete new group of non-casein type powder compounds, that are ready to use as soon as mixed; Sheetrock SW Wallboard, with an exclusive eased-edge design, and Durabond 90 Joint Compound, which to- BB014 0377 22 good practices/ joint treatment gether offer stronger joints and reduced imperfections in finishing. Durabono 90 Joint Compound is used to pre-fill the V-joint formed by the rounded edges of Sheetrock SW: conventional taping and finishing complete the joint. (n spite of all a manufacturer does to produce quality products, satisfactory appearance and performance on interior walls and ceilings are in the hands of the applicator. The quality of his work determines how well wallboard joints are reinforced and concealed and fastener heads covered. His planning and skill will determine the quality of the finished surface. Occasionally, during construction, problems arise which are be yond the control of the manufacturer. Nevertheless, through his experience, the manufacturer has developed improved products and methods of use to overcome recurrent problems. The drywall applicator can save time, trouble and expense by observing proper precautions and, in the event that difficulties arise, by making a complete and frank appraisal of his work. The follow ing are precautionary measures designed to prevent problems. Check Compatibility--All USG Brand Compounds are com patible with each other, including -USG Ready-Mixed Joint Compound-All Purpose. USG Brand Compounds may be used over hardened Durabono Joint Compound and Durabono 90. Most casein-based joint compounds, including Perf-A-Tape Joint Compounds made by U.S.G., are not compatible with the USG Brand Joint Compounds; and problems may result if any attempt is made to mix them together or use them successively on the same joint. Protect Materials--Store joint treatment in a dry place and rotate stocks: age and dampness affect the working qualities of this material. Protect Ready-Mixed Compounds from freezing. Check Working Surfaces--Gypsum wallboard must be firmly at tached to framing members without cutting the surface paper or fracturing the core of the board. Make certain each board forms a true, even alignment at each joint. Check width and depth of taper in the board. Mix Carefully--Use clean containers and mixing tools. Follow directions for mixing the particular joint compound shown on the package. Use clean drinkable water for mixing. Add powdered compounds to the water. Do not over-thin compound with water. BB014 0378 Pre-fill to edge only. Avoid heavy fills. decorating/good practices 23 Pre-Fill lo Edge Only--On Sheetrock SW Wallboard, pre-fill joints with Durabond 90 Joint Compound and remove excess material from flat surfaces (beyond rounded edges). Avoid Heavy Fills--Embedded tape should have joint compound completely surrounding it but not more than Yu" thickness under the feather edge. Use Three Coats--Three coat work is essential for quality results. Dry Properly--Allow joint compound to dry properly before applying second and third coats or decorating. Because it hardens chemically, the Durabond Joint System will perform better than other types under slow drying conditions. Avoid rapid drying. Do not over-thin compound. Maintain Equipment--Keep mechanical equipment in perfect working order and replace parts at the slightest sign of wear. Follow the complete application procedures outlined in Chapter 3. Joint treatment product descriptions and specifications are found in Chapter 2. general recommendations for decorating Quality drywall construction merits equally good decoration, and the wise applicator will recommend paints that enhance the appearance of his finished job. For smooth walls U.S.G. speci fically developed Sheetrock Sealer and Texolite Primer-Sealer to lay the nap of face paper raised by sanding. Either will give a satisfactory base coat for Sheetrock Finish Coat, Grand Prize or Texoute Alkyd Latex Paint, and other quality interior finishes. U.S.G. also manufactures a full line of texturing materials to meet the preference of every customer. Refer to Chapter 2 for the Se lector Guide to U.S.G. Paint Products. Good practices for decorating require that: 1. All surfaces, including joint treatment compounds, must be dry, sound, clean, free of dust, grease or oil. 2. Paints should be delivered in original unopened containers and protected from damage and tampering. 3. All materials should be used according to instructions. 4. Wallboard joints and fasteners should be treated with a U.S.G. Joint System in accordance with directions. U 09 O O U <0 24 chapter 2 products page SHEETROCK WALLBOARD 26 PREDECORATEO PANELS 31 TEXTONE Vinyl Gypsum Panels 31 ULTRAWALL Panels 34 COREBOARO AND BACKING PRODUCTS 34 USG Coreboard 34 Gypsum Studs and Ribs 35 BAXBORD Backing Board 35 Gypsum Sheathing 36 USG Exterior Gypsum Ceiling Board 37 Gypsum Partition Tile 38 WALLBOARD ACCESSORIES 39 Corner Beads 39 Drywall Trims 39 Control Joints 40 TEXTONE Moldings 42 STRUCTURAL ACCESSORIES page 43 Metal Studs and Runners 43 Channels--Cold Rolled, Resilient, Furring 45 DEMOUNTABLE COMPONENTS 47 SOUND CONTROL AND INSULATION PRODUCTS 48 Sound Attenuation Blankets 48 Insulating Blankets - 48 Sound Deadening Board 48 Rigid Plastic Foam 49 Sealants 49 FASTENERS, ADHESIVES 50 JOINT SYSTEM PRODUCTS 58 TEXTURE FINISHES 62 PAINT SELECTOR 64 26 products/quality coordination QUALITY PRODUCTS FOR DRYWALL CONSTRUCTION There is only one Sheetrock--the interior wall and ceiling surface developed and improved by United States Gypsum. It is the product which has dominated the "drywall" revolution in residential construction. Systems using Sheetrock wallboard have now gained the same acceptance in commercial building. Sheetrock is manufactured in seven different forms for special purposes. Complementing these is the industry's broadest line of metal accessories, fasteners, adhesives, joint treatment prod ucts and paints to provide complete partition and ceiling assem blies for dozens of specific applications. The products described and illustrated in this section are the basic materials recommended by United States Gypsum Com pany for gypsum drywall construction. These materials are de signed to meet the essential requirements of economy, speed of installation, strength, fire resistance, and ease of decoration which are characteristic of quality drywall. U.S.G. drywall methods and materials are the result of years of experience in the field of building materials. They have been developed to achieve the optimum results based on extensive laboratory tests and job-proven performance. The Unjted_States_Gypsum Com pany trademark is your assurance of a product of proven quality to meet your construction needs. United States Gypsum maintains special wallboard sales repre sentatives to consult with contractors, architects and dealers on wallboard products and systems and their application to special job problems and conditions. They may be reached through the nearest U.S.G. sales office (listed inside back cover) or by directing inquiries to United States Gypsum, Dept. 147-2, 101 S. Wacker Dr., Chicago, Illinois, 60606. SHEETROCK wallboard DESCRIPTION Sheetrock is a mill-fabricated gypsum wallboard composed of a fireproof gypsum core encased in a heavy manila-finished paper on the face side and a strong liner paper on the back side. The face paper is folded around the long edges to rein force and protect the core, and the ends are square-cut and finished smooth. Sheetrock Wallboard complies with Federal Specification SS-L30c; ASTM C36. ADVANTAGES Interior walls and ceilings built with Sheetrock have a durable surface suitable for most types of decorative treatment and for repeated decoration during the life of the building. The joints between adjacent boards may be reinforced and concealed with toco vxoaa SHEETROCK wallboard/products 27 a U.S.G. Joint System, or may be featured by leaving exposed or covering with a decorative moulding. Drywall Construction--mill-fabricated boards eliminate ex cessive moisture in construction. Fire Resistance--Up to 2 hours for partition. 3 hours for floor ceiling and 4 hours for column fireproofing constructions have been obtained. See Chapter 5 for fire resistance ratings and re lated construction. Sound Control--Sheetrock Wallboard is a vital component in partition and floor-ceiling systems having excellent sound resist ive properties. See Chapter 5 for sound ratings. Crack Resistance--Exceptionally resistant to cracks caused by minor frame movement, vibration or settlement. Quickly and Easily Applied--keeps construction costs low. Readily Decorated--with paint, texture, or wallpaper. Warp Resistant--under normal atmospheric changes. Availability--27 strategically located U.S.G. operating plants produce and/or stock the gypsum board materials described here. Five warehouse facilities, in addition to these plants, in crease the total distribution and service efficiency to major markets and rural areas from coast to coast. All standard or specialty gyp sum board products are readily available upon short notice. GENERAL LIMITATIONS 1. Not recommended where exposure to moisture is extreme or continuous. 2. Must be adequately protected against wetting when used as a base for ceramic or other wall tile (see Insulating Sheetrock limitation). Sheetrock W/R Wallboard is the recommended product for this purpose. 3. Maximum framing spacing: Vi" and Sheetrock Wall- board is designed for framing centers from 16' to 24'; Vi" Sheetrock, on centers up to 16". When W or fi" Sheetrock Wallboard is applied across framing on 24' centers and wallboard joints reinforced, headers are not required. 4. Nail application of Sheetrock over 34" wood furring applied across framing is not recommended since the relative flexibility of the furring under impact of the hammer tends to loosen nails already driven. Furring should be 2"x2" minimum. 5. The application of Sheetrock over an insulating blanket, that has first been installed continuously across the face of the fram ing members, is not recommended. Blankets should be recessed and the blanket flanges attached to sides of studs or joists. BB014 0383 28 products/types of wallboard TYPES OF SHEETROCK WALLBOARD Types of Edges . asd-SW -N \\ Tapered SHEETROCK SW Wallboard is United States Gypsums revolu tionary new development to minimize ridging or beading and other joint imperfections. Its exclusive eased-edge design helps to compensate for twisted framing, offset joints, poor framing align ment, damaged board edges, and extremes of temperature and humidity. One of drywall's foremost advances in 40 years, the Sheetrock SW Wallboard system produces the strongest joint ever developed. This is accomplished by pre-filling joints with multi-purpose Durabond 90 Joint Compound, a new formulation which chem ically hardens in about one hour, providing maximum bond and minimum shrinkage. The new edge contour eliminates the need to crown joints, and generally no more compound is required than with regular wallboard. Taping and other application procedures are conventional. Except for the eased edge, Sheetrock SW is tapered like, and otherwise identical to, regular tapered edge wallboard. Made in three thicknesses: -- recommended for the finest single layer drywall construc tion. The greater thickness provides increased resistance to fireexposure and transmission of sound. -- Vi", for single layer application in new residential construction. -- V~, lightweight, applied principally in the double wall sys tem and in repair and remodel work. Not recommended over metal framing. Width: 4'; length: 8', 9', 10', 12' or 14'; edges: rounded, tapered; finish: ivory manila paper, suitable for paint or other decoration. Tapered Edge SHEETROCK has long edges tapered on the face side in order to form a shallow channel for the joint reinforcement which provides smooth, continuous wall and ceil ing surfaces. Made in the same thicknesses as Sheetrock SW Wallboard and in one other thickness: -- V*', a lightweight, low-cost utility board, used as a base layer for improving sound control in double-layer metal and wood stud partitions and for use over old wall and ceiling surfaces. Width: 4'; length: 8', 10'; edges: tapered; finish: ivory manila paper, suitable for paint, wallpaper or other decoration. Fire hazard classification of Sheetrock Wallboard is: flame spread. 15; fuel contributed, 15; smoke developed, 0. BB014 0304 insulating wallboard/products 29 SHEETROCK SW F1RECODE Wallboard, made in W and Vi' thicknesses, combines all the advantages of Regular Sheetrock with additional resistance to fire exposure--the result of a spe cially formulated mineral core. Vi '' Firecode "C" Wallboard makes possible fire ratings in floor ceiling constructions previously obtained only with 44" gypsum wallboard. In accordance with Underwriters' Labora tories tests, certain partition, floor-ceiling, and column fireproof ing constructions afford 45-minute to 4-hour fire resistance ratings. These products are used in 3-hour floor and ceiling, 2hour wall and 2. 3 and 4-hour column fireproofing constructions as listed by Underwriters' Laboratories (see Chapter 5). Limitations in addition to General Limitations for Sheetrock Wallboard: (1) In order to attain fire resistance ratings, the con struction of the partition and/or floor and ceiling-assemblies must be in accordance with the respective Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., panel designs. See Chapter 4--Systems, for description of panel constructions. (2) Maximum spacing of frame members: 24" c. to c. Width: 4"; length: 8', 9', 10', 12' or 14'; edges: rounded, tapered: finish: ivory manila paper, suitable for paint, wallpaper or other decoration. Insulating SHEETROCK Wallboard is made by laminating a sheet of bright aluminum foil on the back surface of Sheetrock Wallboard. It is effective as a vapor barrier for exterior walls and ceilings when applied (I) with foil surface next to the studs in single layer application, or (2) as the base layer (with foil surface next to the studs) in the double layer system. A significant thermal insulating value is achieved when Sheetrock is installed with the aluminum foil facing an air space of 34 " minimum. The metal foil reduces outward heat flow in winter, and inward heat flow in summer. Insulating Sheetrock also provides an efficient vapor barrier BB014 0383 30 products/W/R wallboard which resists the passage of moisture vapor through the exterior wall and roof construction. The possibility of condensation within an exterior wall and resulting exterior paint failures is minimized. Meets ASTM requirements for a vapor permeability not exceeding 0.30 perm. Limitation: do not use as a base for ceramic or other tile. Thickness: s", V2" and 5/a". Sizes, edges and finish are same as for Sheetrock SW and regular Tapered Edge Sheetrock. Thermal resistance (R) value Insulating SHEETROCK Wallboard (1) Thickness Vt" H" wall application 3.93 4.04 ceiling application summer conditions 4.92 5.03 winter conditions 2.73 2.84 y, `(1) Resistances based on inside still air Mm. board thickness and on* reflective surface facmi a min. still air space. SHEETROCK W/R Gypsum Wallboard is a water-resistant gypsum wallboard that provides an excellent base for the ad hesive application of ceramic, metal, and plastic tile. It is waterresistant all the way through: (1) multi-layered face and back paper is chemically treated to combat penetration of moisture; (2) the gypsum core is made water-resistant with a special asphalt composition. It was developed for application in bath rooms, powder rooms, kitchens, utility rooms, and other highmoisture areas. Sheetrock W/R Gypsum Wallboard is easily recognized because of its distinctive green face. In addition to its use as a superior tile base in new construction, Sheetrock W/R Wallboard is a cost-saver in modernization work. It permits new tilework to be installed over existing surfaces without tearing out old walls. Limitations: adherence to recommendations concerning sealing exposed edges, painting, tile adhesives, framing and installation is necessary for satisfactory performance (see Chapter 3). Not recommended for use as an exterior soffit or in other exterior areas subjected to sustained high humidity and moisture conditions. Available in plain core, A" and %" thickness; also in Va" Sheetrock W/R Firecode "C Wallboard for applications where a 1-hour fire rating is desired--listed under UL Label Service R-1319-84 with following design numbers applicable: 5-1 hr., 16-1 hr., 4-2 hrs. and 11-2 hrs. Width: 4'; length: 8', 10' or 12'; edges: tapered; finish: green treated manila paper, suitable for receiving tile, paint or wallpaper. BB014 0386 SHEETROCK Brand W/R Spray Sealant is applied to all raw cut edges and nail heads of special Sheetrock Water-Resistant Gypsum Wallboard used in high-moisture room areas--thus pro tecting the gypsum core from moisture penetration. Packaged in aerosol spray container for fast, easy application: twelve 16-oz. cans per ctn.; weight: 14 lbs. predecorated wallboard/products 31 Table I. SHEETROCK Wallboard Specifications Thickness Type Regular FI RECODE FIRECOOE"C" W Insulating FIRECODE Insulating W/R W/R FIRECODE MC" Regular FIRECODE V4" FIRECODE "C" Insulating FIRECODE Insulating W/R Regular %' Insulating VS Regular Edge Rounded or Tapered Rounded or Tapered Rounded or Tapered Rounded or Tapered Tapered Tapered Tapered Rounded. Tapered, or Beveled Tapered Rounded or Tapered Rounded or Tapered Tapered Tapered Rounded, Tapered, or Beveled Tapered Tapered Approx. Weight Width Lbs. per MSF 48' 2,375 48' 2.475 48' 2,475 48' 2.400 48' 2.500 48' 2,375 48' 2,475 48' 1,875 48' 1,975 48' 1,975 48' 1,900 ' 48' 2,000 48' 1,875 48' 1,475 48' 1,500 48' 1,097 predecorated panels TEXTONE Gypsum Panels come in six groups of standard and custom products to make up United States Gypsum's comprehen sive line of factory laminated vinyl-faced wallboards. With a newly broadened range of color, pattern and texture. Textone Panels enable the contractor to capitalize on the sweeping popu larity of vinyl wall coverings in commercial and residential uses. All styles of Textone Gypsum Panels give the customer the im portant advantages of factory lamination over job application of vinyl material to wallboard. There the vinyl can be laminated with proper adhesives, under controlled conditions of heat and pres sure. Thus expensive fabric backing is not necessary. Textone Standard Panels offer this economy. The savings realized through use of factory-finished vinyl wallboard panels can be applied to upgrade the partition function. The fast-rising costs of job lamination are eliminated, and a lighter weight material may be used with equal results. Better ad hesion. and hence better snag resistance, result. This is of particular significance where walls take heavy abuse. Even before the partition is installed, the vinyl surface has passed two professional inspections--one by the vinyl maker, the other by the wallboard producer--to assure the customer of quality wall and covering material. TEXTONE Standard Panels, stocked in most U.S.G. plants, have a rugged 8-mil unbacked vinyl film that is printed and em bossed for texture or grain effect, then factory-lamimed to A " Sheetrock Wallboard. This provides long-lasting resistance to stains and scuffs, plus ready washability. All panels except wood- BB014 0307 32 products/predecorated wallboard grains have beveled edges which form a pleasing "V" groove at the joint; no further treatment needed. Woodgrains are square-edged. The regular gypsum core provides fire resistance. The coordinated line of Standard panels offer a range of 17 harmonizing colors and textures. They include 8 solid colors in a subtle stipple finish, four linen finishes, a special fissured Golden Travertine pattern, and four realistic woodgrains with or without a grooved, random planking like fine wood paneling. The panels are adaptable to any U.S.G. drywall partition system (Chapter 4), including wood-framed, metal framed and laminated types. Adhesive, nail or screw attachment is used--matching aluminum moldings are available. Panels also are ideal for resurfacing, by nailing or adhesive application. Thickness: 'A"\ width 4'; lengths 8', 9' or 10'. Other thicknesses available on special order. Textone Gypsum Panels meet Federal Specification SS-L-30c, ASTM C36-64. May be produced on special order with fabric supported vinyl to meet Federal Specification CCC-W-408, Type I and II. Limitation: Only Durabond 200 or 300 Stud Adhesive should be used to apply Textone Gypsum Panels to wood or metal fram ing or furring; Durabond 500 or 600 Contact Adhesive should be used for application to gypsum wallboard, masonry or other sound surface. Because of the potential incompatibility between vinyl-surfaced wallboard and solvent-based adhesives. United States Gypsum cannot be responsible for problems arising from the use of either its adhesives with vinyl-surfaced wallboard manufactured by others, or its vinyl-surfaced wallboard applied with adhesives made by others. TEXTONE Vinyl Wallcovering, a supported vinyl film, 54" wide, with a 1.3-oz per sq. yd. cotton backing, is available separately in limited quantities to provide a commercial match with Standard Textone Panels colors, textures and patterns on adjacent walls and columns. TEXTONE Smootfawall Panels have a factory-laminated fabricbacked vinyl film surface. Extra vinyl flaps at each long panel edge permit job-fabricated flush joints with nearly invisible butt seams in vinyl facing. Available in same colors and textures as Textone Standard Panels. Film is backed with cotton sheeting; weighs 8 oz. per sq. yd. Flaps: 2" wide one side: 4" wide other side. Fire hazard classification: flame spread 25. fuel contributed 15, smoke developed 10. Thickness: */i", width: 48", length: 8', 9', or 10'. TEXTONE VIcrtex, Vicrtex-T and Vicrwall Panels couple the advantages of factory lamination with a cloth-backed vinyl facing weighing 12 to 24 oz. per sq. yd. A selection of some 363 colors and 16 different patterns is offered in the three products. BB014 0388 predecorated wallboard/products 33 TEXTONE Vicrtex Panels come in 290 colors and 14 deeprelief patterns including straw cloth, burlaps, linens, fine net weaves, heavy stipples, travertines, woodgrain effects; fabric backing of 4.8-oz. per sq. yd. drill cloth. 68x40 weave and count. TEXTONE Vicrtex-T Panels offer a choice of 38 colors in two patterns, all treated with stain-resistant V4-mil polyvinyl fluoride DuPont Tedlar film for added durability and easier cleaning; fabric backing of 2.1-oz. per sq. yd. cotton sheeting, 48x42 weave and count. TEXTONE Vicrwall Panels are available in 35 colors, two lowerpriced patterns, consisting of a durable 7.5-mil vinyl film with fabric backing of 2.1-oz. per sq. yd. cotton sheeting, 48x42 weave and count. Manufactured in a minimum quantity of 3,600 sq. ft. per color, these panels come with beveled edge (except square-edge woodgrains), 24' and 48' widths, lengths as specified, in following thicknesses; 44", Vi" or 44" for plain core; Vi" for Sheetrock Firecode "C"; 44" for Sheetrock Firecode. Partitions faced with this material thus can meet fire ratings with specially forti fied wallboard (see Chapter 4). Vicrtea and Vicrwall ara registered trademarks of L E. Carpenter t Co. TEXTONE Custom Gypsum Panels extend the selection of U.S.G. vinyl-faced wallboard panels by a further 77 colors in the nine vari-textured patterns. Like Textone Standard Panels, the Custom Panels come with a surface of 8-mil laminated unbacked vinyl film, but are manufactured in a minimum order of 12,000 sq. ft. per color and texture. The complete range of custom colors offered in each pattern in cludes three life-like new woodgrains, plus 21 colors in the Stipple design, 12 in Looma, 10 in Belgique, 6 in Travertine, 8 in Espania, and 17 in Kelley. Textone Custom Panels are available with beveled edge for all patterns except the woodgrains which are square edge. In 48' width. 8, 9 and 10-ft. lengths, in following thicknesses; 44", VS" or 44" for plain core, VS" for Sheetrock Firecode "C", 44" for Sheetrock Firecode. Table l-A. Fire Hazard Classification (1) TEXTONE Panels flame fuel smoke typespreadcontributeddeveloped Standard^) Smoothwall(2) Vicrte(3) Vicrte-T Vicrwall CustomfZ) 36 25 15-25 15 20 36 13 1$ 5-10 10 5 13 35 10 0-10 0 0 35 it) Vinyl surface film lested in accordance wife ASTM EM. (Z) Film altaclfed lo gypsun board, lit Vanes depending on vinyl liim used. See U.S.G. Architectural Technical Folds on TEXTOffE Gypsum Panels. BB014 0389 34 products/predecorated wallboard & coreboard ULTRAWALL Panels are a popular selection for economical but attractive paneling in home recreation rooms and other wall sur faces. They combine the fire protection of a gypsum core with the beauty of a coated paper surface that is embossed with wood pores to simulate fine natural wood paneling. The panels have actual indented V-grooves that give the appearance of continuous random plank paneling when applied. There's no harmful warp ing, shrinking, splintering--no finishing in application, and no redecorating in future. The finish may he treated with clear or opaque coatings if additional protection is desired. In mainte nance, the panels wipe clean with a damp cloth. Matching colored nails are used for inconspicuous nailing; panels also may be adhesively applied to a gypsum board base layer or directly to wood studs or furring strips. Matching aluminum mold ings are available for joints and corners. Joints are virtually indis tinguishable and normally are left exposed. Thickness; Va"; width: 4'; length: 7/ 8', 9' or 10': edges: square; finish: Walnut, Cherrywood, Bombay Teak, Light Oak, Rosewood. Table II. Predecorated Panel Specifications Thickness Type Edge Width */4" W, TEXTONE Standard TEXTONE Vicrte*. Vicrtex-T, Vicrwall Beveled (1) Beveled 11) 48' 24' & 48' V4', V,~ TEXTONE Custom Beveled 11) 48' ULTSAWAU Square 48' (1) Woodgrains are square edge. (2) Weight for Vi* thickness, plain core. Approx. Weight Lbs. per MSF 1,950(2) 1,950 12) 1.950 (2) 1.500 coreboard and backing products 1" USG Coreboard is a solid gypsum board product fabri cated for use with the USG Solid, Double Solid and Triple Solid Partitions (see Chapter 4 for construction details). Additional layers of gypsum board are generally laminated to the coreboard to provide the completed wall assembly. When used in conjunc tion with the 2' Solid, Double and Triple Solid Partitions, core board is manufactured with an integrally formed "V" T & G edge. USG Coreboard, as used with semi-solid partitions, is available in l'x24" panels prescored either 6' or 8" o.c. Coreboard strips are then easily snapped and separated from this master unit. Thick ness: 1"; width: 24"; edges: "V" TiGor square; length: 8', 9', 10' and 12' (prescored--7'8' lengths only); finish: gray paper, not suitable as an exposed surface. Types of Edges BB014 0390 backing board/products 35 gypsum rib 1' x6' gypsum stud 15V I S' USG Gypsum Studs and Ribs are made in two thicknesses and stock lengths to serve as non-load bearing internal members of four USG Studwall and Ribwall partition systems. The lVa"x6" Gypsum Stud is factory-laminated from one layer Va" Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard sandwiched between two layers of Vz" Sheetrock. and is used in the USG Studwall #258 and #278 partition (see Chapter 4) as well as in the USG Ribwall #368 partition. The 1"\6" Gypsum Rib is snapped and sepa rated on the job from stock lengths of I"x24" USG Coreboard prescored 6" o.c., and is used in the USG Ribwall #418 drywall partition. Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound-Taping or Durabond 500 Mastic Contact Adhesive is used in laminating studs and ribs to base layer or face panels. BAXBORD Gypsum Backing Board is a low cost, easy-tohandle gypsum board encased on both sides with strong gray paper, made in three thicknesses: Va" BAXBORD, for use as a base for the job-laminated Double Layer Sheetrock Wallboard Partition system. It may also be used as a base for acoustical tile when applied perpendicular to wood joists spaced not over 16' o.c. Vi" BAXBORD, the recommended base for adhesively or mechanically applied acoustical tile. It may be screw applied to the USG Metal Furring Channel: nailed to metal furring mem bers or nailable steel joists; or nailed to wood framing. Va" BAXBORD FIRECODE, for use as a base for adhesive or mechanical application of acoustical tile in one-hour fire-rated systems. "V" tongue and groove edges minimize air and dirt infiltration. Limitations: (1) In order to attain fire resistance ratings with Va" Baxboro Firecode backing board, the construction must be in accordance with the floor or roof and ceiling design listed by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. (see Chapter 5). (2) Where A" or Va" Baxbord is to be used as acoustical tile base, store acoustical tile and base in a dry area protected from the elements. Provide fiat, solid support during storage. Take necessary precautions to prevent condensation in the storage area and within the structure in which the acoustical base is applied. Finish: gray paper, not suitable as an exposed surface. Insulating BAXBORD Gypsum Backing Board is made in the same three thicknesses as standard Baxboro, but with BB014 0391 36 products/backing board & sheathing aluminum foil laminated to the back surface. It functions as a vapor barrier and as thermal insulation in the same manner as Insulating Sheetrock Wallboard. Widths, edges and face side finish are identical with standard Baxbord (above); length: 8'. Table III. Backing Board Specifications Thickness Type Approx. Weight Lbs. per Edge Width Length MSF BAXBORD "V"-T4G 24' 8' 2,375 BAXBORD FIRECOOE "V"-T4G 24' 8' 2.475 7k BAXBORD FIRECOOE Square 48' BAXBORO FIRECODE Insulating Square 48' 8' 2,475 8' 2,500 BAX80RD Insulating "V"-T4G 24' 8' 2,400 BAXBORO FIRECODE Insulating "V'-T&G 24' 8' 2.500 BAXBORO BAXBORO Vi' 8AXB0R0 BAXBORO Insulating BAXBORO Insulating Square 24' 8' `V-T4G 24' 8' Square 48* 8'. 12' "V-T4G 24' 8' Square 24'. 48' 8' 1,875 1,875 1,875 1.900 1,900 BAX80R0 w 8AXBORO BAXBORO Insulating Square 24' 8' 1,475 Square 48' 8'. 12' 1,475 Square 24', 48' 8' 1.500 Coreboard "V'-T4G 24' Various 4,150 1* Coreboard (Prescored S' & 8*) Square 24' Various 4,150 FIRECODE Sheathing is a fireproof gypsum board with an asphalted gypsum core encased in specially formulated brown water-repellent paper on both sides and long edges. Its weather resistance, water repellence, fire resistance and low applied cost make it a popular choice for use in garden apartments and light construction as well as in homes. Firecode Sheathing is an ideal base for a wide range of ex terior finishes--masonry veneer, wood clapboard and aluminum siding, wood and asbestos shingles, and stucco--applied by fasten ing through the sheathing into the framing. Used over wood framing or 20-ga. USG Metal Studs in Exterior Curtain Wall System (see Chapter 4). Available in two types: 24" wide, 8' length, with V-shaped T&G long edges, normally applied horizontally, and 48" wide, 8' and 9' lengths, with square edges applied vertically to meet FHA requirements for omission of corner bracing in wood frame construction. Other features: Fire Protection--The asphalted gypsum core is incombustible and will not transmit high temperatures until completely cal cined. Firecooe Sheathing is the only commonly used type of sheathing that is fire resistant. Weather Resistance--The heavy brown paper covering actually sheds water permitting open storage on the job and exposure on the framing. Building paper not required except where codes BB014 0392 gypsum sheathing/products 37 require it over all sheathing. Complies with water resistance re quirements of ASTM designation C79-52. Tight joints minimize wind and rain penetration. Low Applied Cost--Sheathing is quickly cut or scored and snapped, waste is negligible, application faster than with plywood or wood sheathing. Structural Strength--Superior in bracing and stiffening. Tests have shown lateral distortion of only .498" under a racking load of 1,850 lbs. Insulation Value--Possesses thermal conductance of 2.86, ther mal resistance of 0.35. Combined with Thermafiber Insulating Wool blankets in an exterior wall assembly, a low "U" factor of .11 can be obtained in a wood framed assembly and .06 in a metal stud curtain wall. Vapor Permeability--Average of 27.3 perms permits escape of moisture, minimizing rotting of framing. For effective vapor control, should be used in combination with foil-backed Sheetrock Wallboard or Baxbord Backing Board, or with Thermafiber Silver Shield Insulating Wool. Limitations: (1) Not to be considered a vapor barrier. (2) Ex terior finishes--wood siding, wood furring strips, stuccomesh, wall ties, etc.--must be secured to the framing by fastening through the sheathing. (3) Not recommended as a base for ceramic tile--use Sheetrock W/R Wallboard. (4) With 2'x8' size, diagonal comer braces should be installed at all external corners. Table IV. FIRECODE Sheathing Specifications Thick ness vr w A' Type Edge T&G Sq. Sq. Approx. Wt. Lbs. Insul. Size per MSF Value Meets Federal Specs. 2'x8' 2.000 .3500 SS-L-30C, Type Z SS-S-276 4'x8' 2,000 35(k) ASTM C79 FHA Tech. Circ. No. 12 (4'x8` and 4'x9' 2.000 3500 4'x9' sizes only) USG Exterior Gypsum Ceiling Board is a new weather-resistant board designed for use on the soffit side of eaves, canopies and carports and other exterior applications with indirect exposure to the weather. It is incombustible, is simply scored and snapped for quick application, and offers excellent paintability. Most im portant are its sag and water-resistance advantages--which inde pendent tests have shown to be better than exterior grade plywood and structural laminated paper board. Installed conventionally in wood and metal-framed soffits (see Chapter 3); batten strips recommended over butt joints; backing strips required for small vent openings. Can be identified by its brown back paper and light beige, water-repellent face paper; available in Vt" thickness, 4' widths and 8', 9', 10', 12' and 14' lengths: also available in foil-backed version for extreme hu midity conditions. BB014 0393 38 products/gypsum tile r ' i: c r f. PYROBAR Gypsum Tile is a precast kiln dried gypsum tile that is easily laid up with gypsum mortar to make non-load bearing column fireproofing and interior partitions. A base of 2" solid or 3" hollow Pyrobar with Sheetrock Firecode Wallboard facing affords a fire-resistance rating of 4 hours as column fireproofing. Pyrobar is machine molded into large lightweight units 12'\x30" in size. It is easily cut. handled and quickly installed using Red Top Partition Tile Cement and sand as mortar. Units weigh 30% to 50% less and require fewer joints and mortar than other commonly used masonry units. Pyrobar Tile complies with ASTM CJ2. Fed. Spec. SS-T-00316a. Thickness: 2" solid, 3" hollow for column fireproofing; 3" solid and 3", 4" and 6" hollow for partitions. Table V. PYROBAR Gypsum Tile--Specifications Product V solid 3* solid 3* hollow 4* hollow 6' hollow Approx. Tile Wt. (psO 10 14.5 10 12.5 20.5 RED TOP Partition Tile Cement (100-lb. bags/MSF) 5 8 8 10 15 Sand (cu. ft./MSF) 15 24 24 30 45 wallboard trim accessories USG trim accessories--corner reinforcements, casing beads, metal trims, control joints and decorative moldings--enjoy the industry's top acceptance because of their dependability and continual improvement in design. BB014 0394 trim accessories/products 39 CORNER BEAD USG corner reinforcements provide true and straight lines for smooth finishing at outside waliboard corners. The exposed bead also helps prevent damage from impact. No. 100 PERF-A-BEAD is a metal corner reinforcement formed of galvanized steel with Perf-A-Tape wings 1-3/16" wide. Easily applied with U.S.G. joint compounds; provides lasting protection for external corners. DUR-A-BEAD is an all-metal heavy gauge hot dipped galva nized steel reinforcement for protecting external corners. It is nailed to framing through gypsum waliboard and concealed with U.S.G. joint compounds for smooth, finished corners. Available in two flange widths: No. 101 1 "x 1"; No. 103 l!4"x 1!4". Also available in lighter gauge ECONO models: Standard 15/ 16"xl5/16"; No. 102 r'xU4"; No. 103 I'A'xl'A"; No. 104 1 Vt "x IVa". No. 900 Corner Bead is a galvanized steel external corner rein forcement with 1!4" wide fine-mesh expanded flanges. Nailed or stapled to framing through waliboard; provides superior key for joint compounds and eliminates shadowing. PERF-A-BEAD DUR-A-BEAD 900 Comer Bead METAL TRIM USG Metal Trims provide maximum protection and neat finished edges to gypsum waliboard at window and door jambs, at ceiling angles and at intersections where waliboard abuts other materials. Easily nailed through the channel and waliboard into the fram ing. Eliminates precision cutting and mitering with simply butted joints. Finished with U.S.G. joint compounds (except No. 400 series). Made in three types, ten sizes: No. 200 series--steel casing, includes No. 200-A U-shaped channel in Vi" and V*" sizes; No. 200-B L-shaped angle edge trim without back flange to simplify application, in Vi" and Vs " sizes; No. 200-C L-shaped trim, requires slotted jamb for in- 200-A Metal Trim 200-B Metal Trim 200-C Metal Trim BB014 0375 40 products/trim & control joints 400 Series USG Metal Trim stallation in most cases, open "V" edge of flange inserts into kerf to make trim adjustable for use with Vs", Vi" and Vs" gypsum wallboard. No. 400 series--reveal type all-metal trim, requires no finishing compound, includes No. 400 in H" size. No. 401 in Vi" size. No. 402 in Vs" size. . USG P-1 Vinyl Trim is a reveal type, white plastic trim with flanges and web of rigid vinyl and integral flexible vinyl fins that compress on installation. Fins form permanent flexible seal to effectively block sound, replace caulking, provide structural stress relief at wallboard perimeter. Fits tightly over wallboard edge; requires no finishing compound: paints easily; includes P-1A in 'A" size, P-1B in Vs" size. USG Control Joint *093 USG Control Joint *100 CONTROL JOINTS USG Control Joints are designed to relieve stresses of expansion and contraction transverse to the joint in large ceiling and wall areas. Made from roll-formed zinc with a 14" open slot that is protected with plastic tape which is removed after finishing. Highly resistant to corrosion in interior and exterior uses. USG Control Joint No. 093--used for interior applications from floor to ceiling in long partitions and wall furring runs and from door header to ceiling or from wall to wall in large ceiling areas. Staple-applied to wallboard face; finished with joint compound. USG Control Joint No. 100--used in Metal Stud Curtain Wall System to minimize cracking in exterior stucco surfaces. BB014 0396 accessory specifications/products 41 Table VI. Wallboard Trim Accessories Specifications Product No. 100 PERF-A-BEAD (200' ctns.) No. 100 PERF-A-BEAO (1000' ctns.) No. 101 DUR-A-BEA0 (200' ctns.) l'xl' Flange No. 101 DUR-A-BEAD (500' ctns.) t'xl' Flange No. 103 OUR-A-BEAO iy'xM' Flange ECONO STD. Flange ECONO No. 102--lM'xl' Flange ECONO No. 103 W'xl1/.' Flange ECONO No. 104--lti'ilVi' Flange No. 900 Corner Bead No. 200-A H' USG Metal Trim U-shaped No. 200-A H' USG Metal Trim U-shaped No. 200-B Vi' USG Metal Trim l-shaped No. 200-B USG Metal Trim L-shaped No. 200-C USG Metal Trim L-shaped No. 400 V USG Metal Trim Reveal Type No. 401 USG Metal Trim Reveal Type No. 402 V USG Metal Trim Reveal Type USG P-IA Vinyl Trim Reveal Type USG P-18 Vinyl Trim Reveal Type USG Control Joint rlOO r093 -093 Length 6' 8' 8' 6' 8' 8 6' 8' 6'1Q" 8'. 10' 6' 8' 6'10' 8' 10' 8' 10' 8' 8' 8 10' 8' 8' 10' V V 10' 7' 8' 10' 7' 8' 10' V 8 10' 7' 10' 7' 8' 9' 10' 7' 8' 9' 10' V V 9' 10' 8' 9' 10' 8' 9 10' 10' 8' 10' Pcs. perCtn 30 25 150 125 30 30 25, 20 75 75 63 50 63 50 63 63 63 50 63 60 60 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 SO 50 50 50 50 50 50 SO 50 50 SO 50 50 SO so 25 30 25 Lin. Ft. Approx.Wt. per Ctn. Lbs./MLF 200 200 1.000 1.000 200 205 200 500 513 504 500 - 504 500 504 504 504 500 504 480 600 350 400 500 350 400 500 350 400 500 350 400 500 350 500 350 400 450 500 350 400 450 500 350 400 450 500 400 450 500 400 450 500 55 55 114 114 147 100 120 135 120 90 108 118 87 94 106 149 157 165 100 1 1 105 ( 250 216 j 240 116 A 250 116 t CJ <0 >4 42 products/predecorated moldings I TEXTONE MOLDINGS AV-4 End Cap Snap-on Corner AV-7 Snap-on Batten PV-t Rigid Vinyl Trim TEXTONE Moldings cover joints and protect corners, thus enhance beauty and durability of predecorated panel installations. Made of precision extruded aluminum in permanently bonded finishes to match finishes of %" Ultrawau. and 'A." Textone Standard Vinyl Panels; also available for ye" wallboard. Seven shapes--Divider, Inside Corner. Outside Corner. End Cap, 2-piece Snap-on Outside Corner, 2-piece Snap-on Batten, Rigid Vinyl Trim. Length: 8' and 10'; easily cut and mitered. BB014 0390 structural accessories/products 43 structural accessories U.S.G. leads the industry in the development and acceptance of structural components for drywall systems. They offer the ad vantages of light weight, low material cost and quick erection, superior strength, and versatility in meeting job requirements. All are incombustible, made from cold rolled or galvanized steel or wire. USG runners, metal base and base clips provide secure anchor age, alignment and installation economies for various drywall partitions and wall furring assemblies. Both runners and base clips are pre-punched for quick attachment. Also included are two non-load bearing studs of the channel stype, complete with run ner tracks and screws as needed; hat-shaped and U-shaped furring and resilient channels, and an adjustable wall furring bracket. It is important that light-gauge metal components such as metal studs and runners, furring channels and resilient channels be given adequate protection in the warehouse or on the job site against rusting caused by moisture. In marine areas such as the Caribbean, Florida and the Gulf Coast where chloride as well as sea salt is present in combination with excessively high humid ity, it is recommended that components be used which offer in creased protection against corrosion. USG Interior Metal Studs are non-load bearing channel type studs roll formed from galvanized steel, designed for screw attach ment of Vi" and Ya" Sheetrock Wallboard in USG Metal Stud Partitions and column fireproofing and as framing in drywall ceil ings (see Chapter 4 for construction details). One end of each stud is notched (except the Wa" stud) and a punched hole is located about 12" from each end (24" from end in some parts of the country) to facilitate pipe and conduit installation--also avail able with keyhole cutouts in selected markets. Packaged: 10 pcs. per bdt.; available as follows: BB014 0399 Designation Width 158 Standard -212 Standard 358 Standard 400 Standard 600 Standard 1M* 2'/i* 3H* 4* 6* (1) Not atockod; madt to ordar only. Length 8.9' 8'. 9'. 10'. 12' 8'. 9'. 10'. 12'. 16' 8', 9'. 10'. 12'. 16' Up to 16'fl) Wt Lbs./MLF 338 398 475 501 651 USG \Ie!al Runners are roll-formed galvanized steel channeltype sections designed to receive USG Metal Studs and to secure various types of U.S.G. partitions to floor and ceiling. Runners are unhemmed, available with either a 1" or 1!4" leg--the latter for use where metal snap-on base is attached to runners with clips. Length: 12'; packaged 10 pcs. per bdl., available as follows: De signation #158-1* leg r2I2--I* leg #358-1* leg -400--1* leg 600(1)--1* leg (1) Not stocked: made to order only. Width m* IV,3H* 4* 6* Wt. Lbs./MLF 244 304 381 407 582 USG 20-ga. Metal Studs and Runners are strong non-load bear ing components of USG exterior curtain wall systems. Gypsum sheathing on the outside, gypsum drywall or plaster base on the inside are screw attached to the channel-type studs, which are roll-formed from galvanized steel. Studs are screw attached to runners at top and bottom. Studs and runners are available in three widths--2,/i", 3fs" and 6"--studs in lengths up to 28'; runners (designed with 1" unhemmed leg) in 10' and 12' lengths. These items are not stocked; made to order only. For properties and limiting heights in exterior curtain walls, see Chapter 4. Size *212-20 ga. #358--20 ga. #600-20 ga. Width IV,' 3H* 6* Wt. Lbs./MLF Stud Runner 767 655 918 805 1.250 1.124 BB014 0400 USG Metal Angle Runners are l%'xJ4'x24-ga. galvanized steel angle sections used to secure l' coreboard at floor and ceil ing in USG Solid, Double Solid and Triple Solid Partitions. Length: 10'; packaged: 10 pcs. per bdl.; weight: 217 lbs. per MLF. metal accessories/products 45 approx. "r--T approx. I__ lXl`/2" El'/s or 2* Cold Rollod Channels USG Z-Furring Channels are used to mechanically attach rigid foam insulation and Sheetrock Wall board to monolithic con crete and masonry walls. Made of galvanized steel; face width: 114"; furring depth 1"; length: 8'-6"; packaged: 25 pcs. per bdl; weight: 213 Ibs./MLF. USG Metal Furring Channels are ceiling and wall furring chan nels made of galvanized steel designed for attachment of Vi" and ?V' Sheetrock Wallboard with USG Brand Hi-Lo Screws Type S. Face width: 134"; furring depth: 34", length: 12', packaged: 10 pcs. per bdl.; weight: 292 lbs. per MLF. USG Furring Channel Clips are made of galvanized wire and used in attaching Metal Furring Channels to 114" cold-rolled runner channels. They are installed on alternate sides of the carrying channels; where clips cannot be alternated, wire tying is recommended. Packaged: 500 pcs. per ctn., weight: 36 lbs. per M pcs. USG Cold-Rolled Channels, made of 16-ga. steel, are used for furring, and in suspended ceilings and partition construction. Available either galvanized or black asphaltum painted. Sizes: 34", with 14" flange; 114", with 19/32" flange; 2", with 19/32" flange. Lengths: 16' and 20"; packaged: 20 pcs. per bdl. 34" size, 10 pcs. per bdl. 114" and 2" size; weight: 34"-300 lbs. per M lin. ft., l!4"-500 lbs./MLF, 2"-629 lbs./MLF. BB014 0401 46 products/metal accessories RC-I SHEETROCK Resilient Channel is a galvanized steel channel which provides for resilient attachment of gypsum wallboard to wood framing. Widely used to improve sound trans mission loss in partitions and ceilings of garden-type apartments, motels and other structures. Prepunched holes 4" o.c. in the flange facilitate screw fastening to framing members; Sheetrock is attached to channel by USG Brand Hi-Lo Screws Type S. Width: 244"; depth: 54"; length: 12'; packaged: 20 pcs. per bdl.; weight: 220 lbs. per MLF. Limitation: must not be installed beneath highly flexible wood floor joists. RC-I Channels are attached to ceilings with 114" USG Brand Screws Type W or S--nails must not be used; see Wood Framing Requirements Chapter 3. Hank Wire USG Adjustable Wall Furring Brackets are used for attach ing 44" furring channels and Metal Furring Channels to ex terior masonry walls. Made of 20-ga. galvanized steel with serrated edges, they are wire-tied to horizontal stiffeners, 24" o.c., in braced furring systems: fur out board 54" to 214" plus channel depth. Packaged: 500 pcs. per ctn., weight 52 lbs. per M pcs. USG Galvanized Tie and Hanger Wire--9-ga. wire, for hang ing 114" and 2" runner channels in suspended ceilings is avail able in 50 lb. coils. 16-ga. and 18-ga. soft annealed wire, used for wall furring to tie furring channels to runner channels in ceiling construction, is available in 50-lb. coils and 25-lb. hanks (28' straight lengths). BB014 0402 demountable partition/products 47 demountable partition components A full line of specially designed accessories and trim, made from corrosion-resistant aluminum, steel and plastic, is available for the exclusive USG Demountable Partition Systems. These sim plified, coordinated components offer complete flexibility in use with virtual 100% reusability in movable partitions of ceiling, cornice and bank rail height Individual waU sections are erected from 2Vi " interior metal studs set in metal runners and faced with Vi" Textone vinyl-faced panels or regular Sheetrock Wallboard, 4' wide. Panel joints are concealed with anodized aluminum battens and comers having decorative plastic inserts or snap-on moldings with permanently bonded finishes to match Textone Standard Panels. Either recessed-fiush type or thin-reveal type base made from anodized aluminum or high impact black vinyl plastic may be used. Several types of aluminum wall-ceiling trim including picture molding are available. Aluminum accessories for trimming 1VA" doors are furnished in plain straight lengths, in sets of two jamb sections for full height doors or in sets of two jamb sections and one header section pre-punched for right hand or left hand opening 3'x6'8" and 3'x7'0" doors. Glazing posts, glazing rails and covers, and other glazing acces sories are available for use with 7/32" and Vi" thick glass. Where a fire rating is not required, an alternate labor-saving con struction is available using the following one-piece, multi-function aluminum components: H-Stud and Trim, Interior-Exterior Cor ner, Recessed Ceiling Runner and Trim. Aluminum components are extruded sections with a satin finish and a corrosion-resistant natural anodized coating. Steel parts are all galvanized to resist corrosion and mimimize galvanic action with aluminum. Plastic components are compression molded or extruded from high impact vinyl plastic except batten inserts and glazing spline which are flexible extruded polyethe lene plastic. BB014 0403 [ 48 products/sound control & insulation sound control and insulation products Adequate sound control is one of the fastest growing require ments in today's buildings. The public has become sufficiently "noise-conscious" to demand effective measures to control un wanted sound in both commercial and residential construction. With its advanced research, U.S.G. has been a leader in de veloping new systems and products for efficient, low-cost sound control for all types of new construction and remodeling. THERMAFIBER Sound Attenuation Blankets are paperless, semi-rigid mineral fiber blankets of uniform dimension and controlled density especially developed for efficient sound barrier use. When inserted in the partition cavity from floor to ceiling, these blankets help provide excellent fire ratings and substantially improve STC ratings of partitions. Easily handled and cut; simple to install. Fire hazard classification: flame spread 25, fuel con tributed 20, smoke developed 0. Blankets meet Fed. Spec. HH-I521-D Type 1. Thickness: 1", 1V5", 2"; width: 16" and 24"; length: 48". THERMAFIBER Sound Control (Regular) Blankets consist of mineral fibers mechanically formed into a uniform mat of defi nite dimension and controlled density. One side is enclosed with a strong asphalted paper which also forms nailing flanges. The breather side is enclosed in a durable fire-resistant, porous kraft paper, open faced batts are available if required. Used in wood framed partitions, ceilings and floors for improved sound resistance and insulation. Blankets meet Fed. Spec. HH-I521-0 Type 1. Thickness: 2" and 3"; width: 15", 19", 23"; length: 4', 8', 24'. USG Wood Fiber Sound Deadening Board, a Yi~ thick, 4' wide, low-density board, is used behind gypsum wallboard to reduce sound transmission through a partition (see Chapter 5 for technical data). This structural board is easily nailed to 2x4 wood studs and provides a resilient base for the application of wallboard. Limited to interior uses only. Gypsum board face layer must be permanently nailed. Not recommended as a base layer in radiant heated ceilings. Lengths: 4', 8', 10' and 12', packaged: 6 pcs. per bdl., weight: 750 lbs. per M sq. ft. BB014 0404 insulation & caulking/products 49 USG Mineral Fiber Sound Deadening Board is a W" thick, 4' wide incombustible rigid type board used behind gypsum wallboard to reduce sound transmission through a USG Metal Stud partition. Lengths: 8' and 9', packaged: 6 pcs. per bdl., weight 1030 lbs. per M sq. ft. THERMAFIBER M-S Blankets are specially designed for in sulating exterior furring and curtain wall assemblies which utilize metal studs. They are flangeless, open-faced on breather side and made slightly wider than normal to give snug friction fit between studs. Require a separate vapor barrier such as Insulating Sheetrock or a 4 mil polyethylene film. Blankets meet Fed. Spec. HH-I-521-C Type 1 Class B. Thickness: 2", 3", 3%"; width: 16" and 24"; length: 48" and 96". Plastic Foam Insulations are low density, self-extinguishing rigid boards having high strength and good resistance to water and water vapor. Used in drywall exterior wall furring systems, they are bonded directly to masonry surfaces and provide an excellent base for Sheetrock Wallboard. Boards are lightweight, non flaking, non-irritating; easily handled and installed. Manu factured by Dow Chemical Company. Available in four types: STYROFOAM SM and STYROFOAM FR, extruded poly styrene: DORVON FR-100, molded expanded polystyrene; THURANE urethane rigid foam insulation. Physical proper ties and specifications: Table VII--Plastic Foam Insulation--Specifications STYRO DORVON STYROFOAM SM FOAM FR FR-100 Density--pci 2.2 1.3 1.0 Water Vapor Transmission-- perm-inch 0.60 1.0 3.0 Thermal Conductivity-"k"(l) 0.20 026 0.26 Thickness--in.(2) Width--in. w, l. i'/i. m. 2 24 1, lVi.2 1.1V4.2 16 24 16. 24. 48 Length--It 8 98 8 (1) Btu-in./sq. It.--fir. f. at 75 average mean temperature. (2) Greater thicknesses are available. THURANE 1.9 1.5 0.15 K, 1. 114.2 16. 24. 48 4. 8.9 BBOl# 0409 Sealants--USG Acoustical Sealant is a resilient non-hardening, non-skinning compound used to improve acoustical performance of drywall construction. It is applied around cut-outs, under run ners and around the perimeter of partitions and ceilings to pre vent leaks and transmission of airborne sound. Caulking should have flexibility to absorb slight movement and maintain an air tight seal without adhesive failure. It needs to be long-lasting, non-staining, non-bleeding and easily applied with mechanical or pneumatic caulking apparatus. 50 products/drywall screws fasteners and adhesives USG Brand Screws are the result of many years of de velopment aimed at producing the best possible attachment of Sheetrock Wall board to steel, wood or gypsum supports simply and quickly. A complete line of 22 different special, seif-drilling, self-tapping steel screws have been made available to improve construction systems and simplify installation methods. All drywall screws are highly corrosion resistant and have a Phillips head recess for easy installation with a special bit and powerdriven screw driver. Wallboard is fastened to: 25-ga. (max.) steel framing with Type S screws, 12-ga. (max.) steel framing with Type S-12 screws, wood framing with Type W screws, gypsum studs and coreboards with Type G screws and adhesive. The special patented bugle head used when attaching wallboard spins the face paper into the cavity under the screw head and produces a uniform depression free of fuzz for proper and easier spotting. Defects due to excessive or improper nail dimpling are eliminated. Other head designs are available for the assembly of metal framing and installation of wood and metal trim. Type S screws have a patented milled drilling point and special Hi-Lo threads that provide greater holding power, 35% to 50% faster penetration with 40% less driving torque than conventional drywall screws. These factors mean more screws can be driven BB014 0406 screw specifications/products 51 per day and screw guns last longer. Special threads are also provided on Type G and Type W screws to speed installation and provide excellent holding power in gypsum or the varied woods used in framing. The ability of drywall screws to pull the gypsum wallboard tightly to the framing without damaging the board has virtually eliminated loose board attachment and consequent problems of "fastener pops" in wood frame construction. Fewer screws than nails are generally required. Speed of installation compares fa vorably with nailing when electric screw guns (see Chapter 7) are used. An adjustable screw depth control assures uniformity of penetration, protects the face paper, minimizes core fracturing. Although "fastener pops" caused by loose wallboard are elimi nated, screws will not prevent "pops" due to excessive wood shrinkage or warping and twisting of framing. Correct selection and proper use of the screw recommended for the specific appli cation is most important Regardless of the attachment method used satisfactory results also depend on meeting proper framing, heating and ventilating requirements (see Chapter 1). Table VIII--USG Brand Screw Specifications Description Length Type Base Screws vr s rS 114' S IIS' S i*/n' m* 1J4' 214' s s s s Head Bugle Bugle Bugle Bugle Bugle Bugle Bugle Bugle Packaging 1 Bulk with Bits M Lbs. No. of qty. wt. bits -3 Packages^ M Lbs. Qty. wt. 24 72 2 3 Wi 16 53 2 2 6 16 57 2 2 7 16 61 2 2 714 16 66 2 2 7 S 4414 2 1 514 8 47V4 2 2 12* 4 30 2 1 714 * Specialty Screws 114' 214' Ss Trim Trim. Vs Pan K' S-12 Pan 14' S-12 Pan 14' S-16 Pan(l) v1'/r S-12 Bugle S-12 Bugle ih* S-12 Bugle 154' S-12 Bugle U4* w 114' G Bugle Bugle 8 36 4 2~ 9* 8 53 4 2" 13* 24 54 2 5 11* 24 54 2 5 11* 12 40 2 3 10- -- --3 10 16 52 2 2 614 16 61 2 2 714 8 44 2 1 514 8 41 2 2 12* 16 60 2 2 814 8 45 2 2 11* Finishing Screws 54' S-18 Oval(l) 16 64 2 2" 8 114* S Bugled) 16 61 2 1 4 !1) Cadmium Plated. ;Also arailipla in No. 2 Master Cartons. 4 or 8 pkgs. par cm., same no. pita aa in bulk. **tncluda$ 1 Pit par 2M screws. Simla asterisks danota scrawl suppliad m 4 pk|i. par Mastar Carton. BB014 0407 52 products/screw selector guide SELECTOR GUIDE FOR USG BRAND SCREWS Fastening Application Fastener Used GYPSUM BOARD TO INTERIOR METAL FRAMING (1) *4' single layer wallboard to interior studs, runners, channels A - A .l.A 54" Type S Bugle Head ' V4' single layer wallboard to interior studs, runners, channels 1'Type S Bugle Head ' *4' double layer wallboard to interior studs, runners, channels Vi' double layer wallboard to interior studs, runners, channels Wit' Type S Bugle Head lVi'Type S Bugle Head ' > 1' coreboard to metal angle runners in solid partitions 1*4 ' Type S Bugle Head ' to me?al ann^ runnnersrnr in solid partitions VA- Type s Bu!|e Head ^ Tj coreboard to metal angle runners in solid partitions 2*4 ' Type S Bugle Head GYPSUM BOARD TO 12-GA. (MAX.) METAL FRAMING ' **' and *4' wallboard and gypsum sheathing to 20-ga. studs and runners USG Sell-Furring Metal Lath through gypsum sheathfng to 20-ga. studs and runners E-Z WALL Panels to studs and runners 1' Type S-12 Bugle Head c.mttmnuig =1 1V4 * Type S-12 Bugle Head *4' and Vi * double layer gypsum C HtttHtttUllf wallboard to 20-ga. studs and runners --mittmiUHL 15i' Type S-12 Bugle Head Multi-layer gypsum board to 20-ga. studs and runners c.nnnnnms: 1*4' Type S-12 Bugle Head WOOO TRIM TO INTERIOR METAL FRAMING 1 3 Wood trim over single layer wallboard to interior studs, runners 1*4' Type S Trim Head layer wallboard to"*^* interior studs, runners 2*4' Type S Trim Head f o oA screw selector guide/products 53 SELECTOR GUIDE FOR USG BRAND SCREWS Fastening Application Fastener Used METAL STUDS TO DOOR FRAMES, RUNNERS Interior metal studs to runners Interior metal studs to door frame jamb anchor clips Other metal-to-metal attachment (12-ga. man.) Interior metal studs to door frame iamb anchor clips (heavier shank assures entry in clips of hard steel) M* Types Pan Head )^jiiii p. <T"Yffttl | K' Type S-12 Pan Head w* Tvoe S-12 Pan Head T 4 \\\\\ "'rVHr'|_ TRIM ANO ACCESSORIES TO METAL FRAMING Aluminum trim to metal framing (screw matches hardware and trim) Metal base splice plates through wallboard and runner Batten strips to interior metal studs in demountable partition, y. Finishing Screw Type S-18 1, 0wa| Head Cadmium Plated 1_ l'/* Type S Bugle Head =>-,T WA^ TypH^ead ^ Aluminum trim to interior metal framing in Demountable and E-2 WALL partitions GYPSUM BOARD TO WOOD FRAMING H'. Vi' and H' single layer wallboard to wood framing U4* Finishing Screw Type S Bugle Head Cadmium Plated 1V4' Type'w1Bug^HM^^^*'^ RC-1 RESILIENT CHANNEL TO WOOD FRAMING Screw attachment required lor ceilings, recommended for partitions ['/.'Type W. tt'or f TypeS Bugle Head (see details above) For fire rated construction GYPSUM BOARD TO GYPSUM BOARD 1V4* Type S Bugle Head (see details above) Multi-layer adhesively laminated gypsum to gypsum partitions (not recommended lor double layer `A' wallboard) Notes: (1) Includes USG Interior Studs. Metal Runners. Metal Angle Runners. Metal Furring Channels. RC-t Resilient Channels. II channel resiliency makes screw penetration difficult use screws Vfc' longer than snown to attach wallboard to RC-1 channels. For 20-gi. Metal Studs and Runners, always use Type S-12 screws. For steel applications not shown, select a screw length which is at least H* longer than total thickness ol materials to bo fastened. USG Brand Screws are manufactured under U.S. Patent Nos. 2,811,752; 3,056,234; 3.125.923; 3.207.023; 3,221,538. BB014 0409 54 products/nail selector guide o \* o *% oaa nail selector guide/products 55 56 products/drywall adhesives USG Drywall Adhesives make an important contribution to wallboard attachment where the finest room interiors are de sired. Their use greatly reduces the nail or screw fastening other wise required, thus saves labor on spotting and sanding--also minimizes nail pops and joint ridging. PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound-Taping is recommended for laminating gypsum wallboard to gypsum backing board in multi layer partitions and ceilings. It is a dry powder product, applied by spreader, requiring mixing and temporary fastening in ap plication; qualifies for fire-rated construction. Newly developed, ready-to-use, Durabond Adhesives are avail able in five types for specific applications: DURABOND 200 Stud Adhesive--a solvent-base material, ap plied in Vt" beads, for wallboard application to wood or metal framing. May be used with Insulating (foil-backed) Sheetrock Wallboard. Bridges minor framing irregularities; requires mini mum field fasteners on ceilings; meets ASTM C5J7 67. DURABOND 300 Stud Adhesive--a water-base material, ap plied in beads, for wallboard application to wood and metal fram ing and polystyrene rigid foam insulation. Requires a minimum of temporary fasteners in field of board. May be used with In sulating (foil-backed) Sheetrock Wallboard. Meets ASTM C557 67. Protect from freezing. DURABOND 400 Paneling Adhesive--a water-base material, for application of prefinished wall paneling to wood or metal framing or existing wall surfaces. Applied in 3V' beads. Long "tack" period allows board adjustment after erection. Provides tight bond when impacted; requires no field fasteners. Protect from freezing. DURABOND 500 Mastic Contact Adhesive--a water-base adhe sive for laminating gypsum wallboard and backing boards to monolithic concrete, concrete block, wood fiber sound deadening board, expanded polystyrene or urethane rigid foam insulation and existing wall surfaces in non-fire rated construction. Strips applied with an Ames spreader, or notched metal spreader hav ing four '/i "x!/4" minimum notches spaced no more than 2" o.c. Allows board adjustment after erection; provides excellent bond after impacting. Field fasteners not required when panels are prebowed. Protect from freezing. DURABOND 600 Liquid Contact Adhesive--a water-base ad hesive for laminating gypsum wallboard in non-fire rated double layer systems. Spray or roller applied. Bonds tightly with im pacting. Ceiling lamination only requires a minimum of perma nent fasteners. Protect from freezing. NOTE: Because of the potential Incompatibility between vinyl-surfaced wallboard and solvent-based adhesives. United States Gypsum cannot be responsible for problems arising from the use of either its adhesives with vinyl-surfaced wallboard manufactured by others, or its vinyl-surfaced wallboard applied with adhesives made by others. r BB014 0412 adhesive selector guide/products 57 Table IX. USG Adhesive Specifications Type Adhesive PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compoundtaping OURABONO 200 OURABONO 300 OURABONO 400 OURABONO 500 OURABONO 600 Item 25 lb. bag 5 gal. can V, gal. ctdgs. 5 gal. can Vi gal. ctdgs. 5 gal. can 1/10 gal. ctdgs. Vi gal. ctdgs. 5 gal. can 5 gal. can Items per Package 1 bag 1 can 12.ctn. 1 can 12ctn. 1 can 24/ctn. 12.'ctn. 1 can 1 can Gross Wt. Lbs./Pkg. 25V4 50 32 47 32 52 23 32 41 44 Selector Guide For Drywall Adhesives Application & Description Featurej SHEETROCK Wallboard to BAXBORD Gypsum Backing Board or SHEETROCK base layer PERF-A-TAPE Joint CompoundTaping--mixed with water, applied with spreading tool Tight bond; permits adjustment ol boards alter contact; temporary fastening required; qualifies for fire rated construction SHEETROCK Wallboard to USG Sound Deadening Board PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound --Taping--mixed with water, ap plied with spreading tool Excellend bond; supplemental fas tening required SHEETROCK Wallboard or TEXTONE Gypsum Panels to wood or metal framing OURABOND 200t or 300, 400 ap plied with cartridge gun in con tinuous H* beads 50% to 100% greater bond strength than with conventional fastenings. Eliminates all field naifson walls; all but one temporary fastener per framing member on ceilings SHEETROCK Wallboard or TEXTONE Panels to SHEETROCK base layer, wood studs OURABONO 600. 500, 200, 300 To SHEETROCK or wood- or mineral-fiber board, wood or metal studs OURABONO 500, 200, 300 Bonds tightly with impact On walls, fasteners are spaced 16* o.c. at top and bottom as required. Ceiling lamination requires permanent fas teners at each corner, 48* o.c. at edges. Impacted at 16' intervals SHEETROCK Wallboard or rigid foam insulation to masonry or concrete; SHEETROCK to rigid foam base. Also for solid and semi-solid systema OURABOND 500, 200, 300 Allows wallboard adiustment after erection. Provides excellent bond after impacting fBold numbers show recommended adhesives; other numbers show suitable sub stitutes. BB014 0413  58 products/joint treatment DESCRIPTION Today's complete U.S.G. joint treatment line includes both ready-mixed and powder-type joint compounds, liber reinforcing tape suitable for application by either hand tools or mechanical taping tools. In addition to conventional joint finishing and fastener spotting, certain of these products are designed for re pairing cracks, patching, spackling, back-blocking, and for lami nating layers in gypsum wallboard double-layer systems. A complete new group of non-casein type powder compounds --known as USG Brand Joint Compounds--has been added to the previous two lines of powder products. The new formulations are ready for use as soon as mixed, compared to the 30-minute or longer soak of casein type compounds, are stable in wet mix consistency, have smoother application properties and are free of ammonia odor. The two established powder product lines are the casein type PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compounds, still the industry's standard of excellence, and DURABOND Joint Compounds designed for quick hardening and one-day finishing. In these powder lines, USG Brand and Perf-A-Tape Compounds are offered in taping, topping and all-purpose type formulations, Durabond in taping and multi-purpose. BB014 0414 joint treatment/products 59 All products are manufactured to meet ASTM Standard C-474-64 and C-475-64 and Federal Specification SS-J-370A Type I for joint compounds only, Type II for tape only, Type III for combined joint compound and tape. ADVANTAGES In U.S.G. joint compounds, these qualities of superiority have been developed: Excellent Bond--holds tight under normal conditions. Smoother Joints--joints harden out flatter; low shrinkage and tight cohesion reduce sanding to minimum; allow faster prepara tion for decorating. Smooth Working--easy mixing, excellent slip, ample wet mix life; no alkali burning of paint. In Perf-A-Tape Reinforcement, both comparative tests and long field usage have established these performance advantages: Strength--greatest cross tensile strength, producing joints as strong as the board itself. Crack Resistance--chamfered edges are wafer-thin for easy em bedding, greater holding power to resist edge cracking. Natural Bond--tape truly adheres to compound; spark per forations minimizes photographing; tape has least longitudinal stretch; is pre-creased for easier folding. Use of U.S.G. joint treatment brings the important added advan tage of dealing with a single manufacturer who is responsible for all components of the finished wall or ceiling--all made by U.S.G. to work together. GENERAL LIMITATIONS 1. For interior use only; not intended for use on wood or wood fiber products (except in certain lamination applications--see Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound below). 2. Bagged products require protection against moisture. 3. Each compound coat must be dry before next is applied. Completed joint treatment must be thoroughly dry before proceeding with decoration. PERF-A-TAPE Reinforcement is a strong fiber tape specially designed with chamfered edges feathered thin. Special crossfibered paper has great strength both with and across the grain of paper. Many small random perforations allow rapid air escape during embedding. Highly crack resistant. Lightly precreased for comer application. Available in 60', 230', 600' rolls. USG BRAND JOINT COMPOUNDS These non-phosphoprotein (non-casein type) powder compounds possess virtually all the desirable features of conventional caseinbound products, but in addition provide greater stability of wet mix consistency and savings in mixing time. Not compatible with Perp-A-Tape Joint Compounds, but they may be used over Durabond and USG Ready-Mixed Joint Compounds. BB014 0415 60 products/joint treatment '--~'tS4 ri _ JOINT UsGIMPOUND ' BQVEB ^USG ffc p n r- ' ! usg i r iMo &' lOPPIMG JH ______ J PEHF-fl-TAPE &[JOINT COMPOUND S-. _ h Fc -J*g!*g_ f 25 DURABOND 0 90S in aaamtm [MjMffjRPOSE jj USG Joint Compound-Taping is designed for embedding tape and for first fill coat on metal beads, trim and fasteners: also used for patching plaster cracks. Outstanding bond and resistance to tape cracking. USG Joint Compound-Topping is a smooth-sanding material for second and third coats over taping compound. Produces ex cellent feathering and superior finishing results. USG Joint Compound-All Purpose incorporates good taping and topping characteristics in single product, for use where finest results of the specialized compounds (above) are not necessary. Also has good texturing properties. PERF-A-TAPE JOINT COMPOUNDS These are the phosphoprotein (casein type) powder products which have long predominated in the marketplace. They are noted for qualities of easy mixing, smooth working, ample work ing time, controlled minimum shrinkage and no alkali burning of paint. They should not be used in combination with non-casein or hardening type joint compounds. PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound-Taping gives outstanding serv ice in embedding tape, and as first fill coat over metal corners, trim and fasteners. Also used for patching plaster cracks, for laminat ing double-layer wallboard and in U.S.G. Back-Blocking System (see Chapter 3). PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound-Topping, used for finishing over Perf-A-Tape Compound-Taping, is preferred for its work ability, smoothness, paintability and long working life. Available either pigmented or unpigmented. BB014 * joint treatment/products 61 PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound-All Purpose brings the con venience of single-package joint treatment; does an adequate job of embedding, topping, texturing, spray coating and skim coating. DURABOND JOINT COMPOUNDS These powder products were developed to cut drying time and provide faster finishing of drywall interiors, even under slow drying conditions. Rapid hardening and low shrinkage permit same-day finishing and usually next-day decoration. Superior bond is another outstanding feature. -They are not compatible with casein-type compounds. DURABOND Joint Compound-Taping is a polyindurate type material for embedding tape and metal accessories; also ideal for heavy fills because it chemically hardens in 3 to 6 hours. Virtually unaffected by high humidity and changes in humidity. Limitation: not to be used as finishing coat; must always be completely covered with final application of USG Joint Compound-Topping or All Purpose, or USG Ready-Mixed Joint Compound-All Pur pose. DURABOND 90 Joint Compound-Multi-Purpose is the re quired prefill material for Sheetrock SW rounded-edge wallboard, creating the strongest joints ever developed. Its 1 to 2-hour hardening time also makes it an ideal alternate to Durabond Joint Compound-Taping in applications where quicker finishing and minimum strinkage are desired. A polyindurate type material. READY-MIXED COMPOUNDS USG Ready-Mixed Joint Compound-All Purpose, a vinyl-base formulation widely used for embedding and finishing, comes pre-mixed with a creamy, lump-free plasticity that produces excellent slip and bond. Available in either machine or hand tool consistency; on-the-wall cost averages the same as with powder compounds. Recommended for finishing Sheetrock SW Wallboard joints over Durabond 90 pre-fill coat; also used in repair ing plaster cracks in interior plaster and masonry not subject to moisture. Limitations: container must be protected from freezing; not recommended for laminating. COVER COAT Drywall Compound is a vinyl-base product, designed for filling and smoothing monolithic concrete ceil ings and columns located above grade--no extra bonding agents needed. Supplied in ready-mixed form (sand can be added), easily applied with drywall tools in two or more coats. Dries to a fine white surface usually making further decoration unnecessary-- if desired. Cover Coat is followed with Sheetrock Sealer or Texoute Primer-Sealer. Limitations: not to be applied over moist surfaces or surfaces likely to become moist (by condensa tion or otherwise), on ceiling areas below grade, on surfaces which project outside the building, or on other areas which might be subject to moisture, freezing, efflorescence, pitting or popping. BB014 0417 62 products/joint treatment specifications Table X. Joint Treatment Product Specifications Product Description PERF-A-TAPE Reinforcing Tape -500' toll -250' roll -60' roll USG Brand joint Compound (powder)-- 25 lb. bag --taping, topping or all-purpose PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound (powder)-- 25-lb. bag --taping, topping or all-purpose --taping compound also in 5-lb. box OURABOND Joint Compound (powder)-- 25-lb. bag --taping, topping or multi-purpose USG Ready-Mixed Joint CompoundAll Purpose (paste) -5-gal. can -4-gal. corrugated carton -5-gal. corrugated carton -5-gal. plastic pail --1-gal. can COVER COAT Compound (paste)-- 5-gal. corrugated carton USG Ready-Mixed Joint System --100' tape, l gal. compound(l) in container PERF-A-TAPE Joint System --250' tape. IS lb. compound(l) in bag --60' tape. 4)5 lb. compound(l) in box(2) fl) All Purpose Compound (2) Furnished with or without 1 plastic knife per box. Items per Package 10/ctn. 20/ctn. 24/ctn. Gross Wt. Lbs./Pkg. 28 28)5 10 1 1 10/ctn. 1 25)5 25)5 55 25)5 1 1 l 1 4/ctn. 1 2/ctn. 1 10/ctn. 67 53 65 68 58 68 30 20 55 interior texture finishes U.S.G., the unchallenged leader in texture finishes, offers the industry's broadest line. These outstanding paste and powder products are leading the resurgence of interior decoration. USG Texture I--a ready-to-use latex emulsion paint embodying a fine aggregate to produce a slight sand-finish effect combined with light texture. One coat covers fine cracks, blemishes. Quick drying, 7 ready-mixed colors. L'SG Texture II--fiat ripple finish in a latex emulsion. Contains no sharp aggregate, can produce fine textures ranging from "orange-peer' effect to smooth rounded stipple. Conceals moderate imperfections, normally requires no sealer. Quick-drying, wash able. recoatable. 7 ready-mixed colors. Other paste textures available: USG Texture VII, sanded latex drywall surfacer; USG Texture VIII, drywall spray surfacer; USG Texture IX, heavy-bodied latex; USG Texture XI, latex paste stipple; USG Sunded Paste Stipple, alkyd resin compound. BB014 041B interior texture finishes/products 63 IMPERIAL QT Texture Finish--aggregated powder, produces acoustical finish appearance on ceilings; provides no acoustical correction. Excellent bonding qualities; helps conceal surface defects. Spray-applied in coarse, medium or fine texture. White only. First coat of Pro-Kyd Alkyd Flat Wall Paint recommended. TEXTONE Paint--the king of textures, especially adapted to heavy stipples, deep textures and a wide range of applications. For hand application; insoluble and durable. Useful for refinish ing wallboard surfaces, producing stone or antique effects, stencil work; unequalled for concealing wall blemishes. White only, but can be tinted with Texolite Standard or coated with most paints. Other powder textures include USG Texture Paint, for medium heavy to medium light stipples; A-B TEX Texture Paint and USG Spray Texture for fog coats, light stipples and orange-peel textures; USG Texture XII, spray-applied sand finish for drywall. i| j I ; [ ,1 i! '! 64 products/paint selector guide JL s< sV s* <m c* -- cs -- -- paint selector guide/products 65 ss S S 5? psi ; 2 C-- OUe "IQ ,z*o1? 3 *I 3s * * " iSi 2 = a=>wlsOswlI ,2tfU u._2. 3Oa JcIQZ m -- e v <3 s-- si1 "III O s<5 > (^5 a 41 CJ 3$ OO < sa ta; -- s o2 -- -**.QSO_ --UX 3-J.1Eo 2 ammt __ 25 uSu=is CO O C/l 5 S * .c0XS aei 3 *S Sa ko. *i Sa 'oS<'S5i *i_IMN.*`a5 ST s.L O ioq. *->**-*o*9 ?*J32 O<** -sSo t;3-4"o ei <o c co e IQ V) WM M -^ S^ !lsi> s i < 2 < S co jU'ctj S o - c^o -e1 c-1OA-s c--o> _J mg c3o Z> HxV**4 --oSj i W CO >3 -- cExEo_- O `2 w 2 CO _ :> o .a2 a " o*f>sw4 0Qn...--0 S eS js o n x ev ?2 *fl "3-S I5J .511V) *j o2<-> .5 e 1st eo (a OC 19 cZ 2 3E -- v .2 S o *> flj 66 chapter 3 methods of installation WALLBOARD page Types of Application 68 Planning the Job 69 Horizontal vs. Vertical Application 69 Framing Member Spacing 70 Wood Framing Requirements 70 Estimating Materials 71 Application Recommendations 74 FASTENING Screw Application 74 Nail Application 75 Adhesive Nail-On Application 77 Adhesive Application-- Multi-Layer 80 Application Methods 83 Single Layer 83 Floating Interior Angle 85 Back-Blocking 86 Double Layer 89 page SPECIALTY BOARDS Predecorated Wallboard 91 TEXTONE Smoothwall Panel 93 TEXTONE Moldings 96 SHEETROCK W/R Wallboard 97 ACCESSORIES Metal Trim 100 Control Joints 103 JOINT TREATMENT 104 Mixing Joint Compounds 106 Hand Tool Application 109 Mechanical Tool Application 112 USG Ready-Mixed Compound 113 DURABOND Joint Compounds 113 Cold Weather Tips 114 COVER COAT Compound 117 page Texture Finishes 118 SPECIAL APPLICATIONS 120 Curves and Arches 121 Resurfacing 123 Exterior Ceilings, Soffits 124 Gypsum Sheathing Application 126 Wood and Metal Runner Attachment 127 Sound Deadening Board and Wool 128 Caulking 131 Perimeter Isolation 135 Door Frames, Windows 138 Fixture Installation 143 Aluminum 149 n 68 installation methods/application types types of application Sheetrock Wallboard provides a variety of durable, fire-resistant easily decorated surfacing materials for interior walls, ceilings, and partitions. Sheetrock may be applied in one or two layers directly to wood framing members, to metal studs or channels or to gypsum studs, ribs or backing boards. Single Layer Application--This basic construction is used to surface interior walls and ceilings not exposed to extreme or continuous moisture, where economy, fast erection, and fire resistance are required. It is equally suitable for remodeling, altering and resurfacing cracked and defaced areas. Double Layer Application--Consists of a face layer of Sheetrock applied to a base layer of gypsum, wood fiber or mineral fiber board that is directly attached to framing mem bers. This construction offers greater strength and higher resist ance to fire and sound transmission. Walls and ceilings so constructed are highly resistant to cracking, easy to decorate. They minimize the possibility of fastener "pops" and discoloration over fastener heads. Fastening Methods--Wallboard is applied by several alternate methods depending on the type of supports and materials used: 1. Single Nailing--conventional attachment for wood framing. 2. Double Nailing--for minimizing defects due to loosely nailed wallboard. 3. Adhesive Nail-on--continuous bead of Durabono 200 or 300 Stud Adhesive applied to wood framing plus supplemental nail ing; improves bond strength, greatly reduces face nailing needed. 4. Screw Attachment--USG Brand Screws are the best known insurance against fastener pops caused by loosely attached board. Recommended in wood frame application; required with drywail systems employing metal framing. 5. Adhesive Attachment--the latest advancement for producing the finest room interiors. Usually requires only supplemental fasteners to attach face layers to gypsum studs, ribs or backing boards. Reduced nail or screw fastening required saves spotting and sanding labor; minimizes nail pops and joint ridging. O vioaa planning the job/installation methods 69 planning the job Advanced planning by the drywall applicator can mean savings in time and material cost and a better appearing job. Proper planning will result in the most effective use of material, the elimination of unnecessary joints, and the location of required joints at the least conspicuous places. Try to span the whole wall or ceiling from comer to corner with one sheet of wallboard. Use the longest practical lengths obtainable. This will keep butt joints to a minimum. End joints, when they occur, should be staggered. In double layer construction, joints occurring in the face layer are offset at least 10" from parallel joints in the base layer. The layout of the base layer must be planned to account for this offset and still provide optimum joint finishing conditions and efficient use of materials in the face layer as mentioned above. HORIZONTAL VS. VERTICAL APPLICATION Sheetrock Wallboard may be applied horizontally (long edges of the board at right angles to the framing) or vertically (long edges parallel to framing). Fire rated partitions generally require vertical application; see fire test for specific details. Horizontal application is generally better because it offers the following advantages: 1. Reduces lineal footage of joint treatment up to 25%. 2. Strongest dimension of board runs across framing members. 3. Bridges irregularities in alignment and spacing of framing members. 4. Better bracing continuity--each panel ties more framing members together. 5. Joints on walls are at a convenient height for the finishing operation with a U.S.G. joint system. For wall application, if ceiling height is 8'2" or less, horizontal layout of Sheetrock panels will result in fewer joints, easier handling, and less cutting. If ceiling height is greater than 8'2" or wall, is 4' wide or less, vertical application will be more BB014 0425 70 installation methods/wood framing practical. For ceiling application, use whichever method will result in fewer joints. In double layer construction on ceilings, apply base layer boards horizontally, at right angles to framing members; apply face layer either vertically or horizontally with joints offset. On walls apply base layer boards vertically with edges centered on fram ing members; apply face layer horizontally. Exception: When using predecorated Textone Vinyl Panels or Ultrawall Panels for face layer on walls, apply base layer horizontally at right angles to studs. FRAMING MEMBER SPACING Sheetrock may be applied directly over wood studs, joists and rafters, or assembled with metal and gypsum components into sys tems that provide excellent sound and fire resistant construction. Maximum spacings for wood framing members to receive Sheetrock wailboard are shown in the tables below. Spacings for systems components are shown in the descriptions of the various systems. Chapter 4. Wailboard Thickness Location Application Method Maximum Spacing Framing Members Single Layer Application %' Ceilings(4) Horizontal %' Sidewalls Horizontal or Vertical Vi' Ceilings(4) Vertical Horizontal Vi" Sidewalls Horizontal or Vertical %" Ceilings<4) Vertical Horizontal %' Sidewalls Vertical or Horizontal 16" o.c. 16' o.c. 16' o.c. 24' o.c. 24' o.c. 16' o.c. 24' o.c. 24' o.c. Double Layer Application (1) K"(2)<3> %"<2)<3> Vi' 4 %' Vi' 4 y,' Ceilings<4) Sidewalls Sidewalls Ceilingsl4) Horizontal Horizontal or Vertical Horizontal Horizontal or Vertical 16' o.c. 24' o.c. 24' o.c. 24' o.c. NOTES: (l) Framing mmbr spacing (or smgU (aytr construction applies to Doth base and (ace layers when adhesive is not used. '2l Adhesive must be used for V%' wailboard double layer application. It Wailboard H' thick is not recommended as base layer applied to metal framing. <41 up to 6* of wool insulation may be applied resting on SHEETROCK Wailboard ceilings, provided the maximum framing member spacing is not exceeded and joints are finished. BB014 O WOOD FRAMING REQUIREMENTS Wood framing meeting the following minimum requirements is necessary for proper performance of ail gypsum wailboard fasteners: 1. Framework should meet the minimum requirements of FHA, ALSO and local building codes. 2. Framing members should be straight, true, of uniform dimen- estimating materials/installation methods 71 sion. Scuds and joists must be in true alignment: bridging, fire stops, soil pipes, etc., must not protrude beyond framing. 3. All framing lumber should be of a good grade for the in tended use, and 2"x4" nominal size or larger should bear the grade mark of a recognized inspection agency using grading rules for lumber recommended to American Lumber Standards Committee. 4. All framing lumber should have a moisture content not in excess of 15% at time of gypsum wallboard applications. 5. Do not attach gypsum wallboard to extremely soft framing members. Failure to observe these minimum framing requirements, which are applicable to screw, nail and adhesive attachment, will mate rially increase the possibility of fastener failure due to warping or dimensional changes. This is particularly true if framing lumber has greater than normal tendencies to warp or shrink after erection. Framing should approach as closely as possible the moisture content it will reach in service by allowing the building, after it is enclosed, to stand as long as possible prior to the application of the gypsum wallboard. Provide heat in winter or during damp conditions at a uniform temperature in the range of 55 to 70F. Provide ventilation to remove excess moisture. ESTIMATING MATERIALS Wallboard--From practical experience professional estimators have developed many methods of determining footage required to complete various types of jobs. Basically, these methods stem from the simple principle of "scaling a plan," and determining the length and width and ceiling height of each room on the plan. Frequently, door and window openings are "figured solid" with no openings considered. Exceptions may be large picture windows and large door openings. From these dimensions the estimator determines the square footage of each room. The footage of each room is added to determine total footage re quired. From these figures, the lengths of gypsum wallboard needed may be determined. Plan to use the longest practical length of Sheetrock wallboard that will span the ceiling and wall area. This will reduce butt joints to a minimum or eliminate them entirely. When estimating walls adjacent to sloping ceilings, plan carefully so that there will be a minimum of waste. Refer to Chapter 2--Products--for available lengths of each type wallboard. For the convenience of the drywall applicator, the Rapid Room Measure Table shown on the next page gives the total area in sq. ft. (4 walls and the ceiling) of rectangular rooms with 8' ceiling heights. For net footage deduct openings. BB014 0427 72 installation methods/rapid room measure b ,, v rt *oJ b. b Ok o ZZ b b V in Sb : b o PM mPM || VPM o s 2 3 2 c 8 20 3 2 2 p3m S Pm |5 | | t3o IN sli b> 3n 3 a 3 S a s 2 g i 3 X s li a a 3 8 315 js mn 7 s 5 3 2 2 i 2 I PM 9 R R ill Is i 111 2 s II!i pm p i = 3 3 g s 2 2 3 X 9 sii o 5 x 2 K 3 2 E? 2 2 R 9 I 1 i R R a g;g 1 is i M 3 s a 3Wl 3 3 g 3 o 3 S a a s | I 2 C aR la2 R 2 IN 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 s S s 2 s X 2 i i s 5 slg ill 2 ss a 3 a 5 3 3 3 = 3 R g *? a 2 % i c s 3 8 |g pP*I js 3 3 3 3 a 2 3 2 R o s 2 8 ttt 3 1 i a own IIS 3 liJ 4 -tSai a9~ B B r* s og R 2 2 2 3 5 s a 2 SB R s 2 8 p* 3 3 S 2 Jc s 8 2s 52 S 2s a3 i i2 ii aa ii 5 s Ul OS " Ok S gj 3 c " s 2 5 3 S 5 3 X R 3 s 2 3 i S S s s a 2 C g 5 s s 5 3 2 R 3 s 5 3 s 3 8 s 2 2 III Sli y si so* O2 CC 11 <OS w5 b s 5 s 3 5 S 3 X S 3 3 3 R 2 s S 3 3 s a 2 R 3 N* s X s 2 2 2 8 2 3 2 s a C 3 g 8 3 sial3 s Ms s 3 a 3 3 a 3 3 a 3 g 8 a s s R - 1' -43!2l 2O' V 2 a ~ 3 a 5 2 2 5 5 2 5 2 3 s 2 3 2 3I3I3IS 2 5 g a a 2 s s a c S 9 R 3 a 2 3 r R a a Slslsls 3 ?> pm 3 SIS 5 3 3 3 3 X a R 3 2 3 1 3 2 5 ciS ls 3 oR *21 3 = s 3 a 3 a 8 R X = 3 S 3 a 5 sis 2 b S a si 2 SIS 2 3 2 R 2 R X 5 3 R S SIS SISISIS R V X i = a a a 3 a 2 a 3 3 X 3 3 aMN X a 3 S 3 Is 2 m SIS bis 2-1|K`o a 5 2 3 g 3 9 2 8 R 2 3 2A a 1513|S 2 b *li S 3 5 a a a s a 5 = 2 a 3 S s W> ill 2 kO slE = 2 a S a a 2 2 2 3 a 2 R e 3 R 15121513 u b R 2 3 a R 3 3 a R 5 a 5 a R S|aia|2 3 5* 3 = a 3 3 2 a R 3 8 2 s j* 2 2 2 2 5 3 5151515 2 b 1 S 5 s 3 = S a a 5 R a R 3 2 a R 3 3 a 3 < a 2 8 s a 3 8 3 8 *3 3 a 3 X -- 3 5 C a s s "2 3 2 b 3 C 2 a n 3 3 g 2 2 R 5 8 a 8 R 3 3 R SIS R | * 3 b i<+ So V in k b m * o s b b V So 2 Pm M b Ms bPMa (|MJo V PM lh. iogulir looms with 6 ' ceiling height--no openings. estimating materials/installation methods 73 Joint Treatment--For pre-filling "V"-grooves formed by abut ting, rounded edges of Sheetrock SW Wallboard, about 3 lbs. of Durabond 90 Joint Compound-Multi-Purpose are required per M sq. ft. of wallboard. For applying all U.S.G. joint systems, approximately 50 lbs. of joint compound and 370 ft. of Perf-A-Tape reinforcing are required to finish 1000 sq. ft. of Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard. The following table may be used when determining the quanti ties of joint treatment products needed for each job: Estimator for Joint System Products (Tape and Compound Separate) With This Amount of SHEETROCK Gypsum Wallboard 100 sq. ft. 200 sq. ft 300 sq. ft 400 sq. ft. 500 sq. ft. 600 sq. ft. 700 sq. ft. 800 sq. ft. 900 sq. ft. 1000 sq. ft US6 Or--This Amount of And This Amount Ready*Mixed This Amount of Compound Compound of Tapo 5 lbs. 10 lbs. IS lbs. 20 lbs. 2S lbs. 1 Gal. 1 Gal. 2 Gals. 2 Gals. 3 Gals. 1-60' roll 2-60' rolls 2-60' rolls 3-60' rolls 3-60' rolls 30 lbs. 35 lbs. 40 lbs. 4S lbs. 50 lbs. 3 Gals. 4 Gals. 4 Gals. 1--5 Gal. Drum 1--S Gal. Drum 1-250' roll 1-250' roll 1-250' roll & 1-60' roll 1-250' roll & 1-60' roll 1-250' roll & 2--60' rolls Screws--For applying single layer Sheetrock Wallboard to wood framing approximately 1100 ea. of 114" USG Brand Screws --Type W are required per M sq. ft. of wallboard. Fastener usage for other assemblies varies with the construction and spacing and is shown in the system description. Chapter 4. Nails--Usage for nails is shown in the Selector Guide for Wallboard Nails, Chapter 2. Caulking--The approximate lineal footage of caulking bead per gallon of USG Acoustical Sealant is: 375 to 400 for 14" bead, 180 for y" bead. 100 for Vi" bead. Adhesive--The following table shows the amount of adhesive needed per 1.000 sq. ft. of laminated wallboard surface: Product Approx. Quantity par M Sq. Ft. OURABOND 500 DURABOND 600 PERF-A-TAPE Joint Compound--Taping 5 gals. 3.5 gals. 55 to 60 lbs. (A) (A) Quantity shown n lor Kiool lamination. Estimata ont-lull this amount lor strip lamination. BB014 0429 r 74 installation methods/screw application application recommendations SCREW APPLICATION USG Brand Screws are applied with a positive-clutch electric power tool, commonly called an electric screwdriver, equipped with adjustable screw depth control head and a Phillips bit. The use of screws provides a positive mechanical attachment of wallboard to wood and metal framing with fewer fasteners and less spotting. Here is shown correct use of electric screwdriver: Set Screwdriver--Set adjustment for proper screw depth on scrap wallboard and framing. Screw head must be driven slightly below face of board but not deep enough to break the paper. To adjust, grasp control head firmly with one hand and loosen control head lock bushing with the other. Rotate control head to provide proper screw depth. When proper adjustment has been made, positively secure control head to maintain adjustment. Place Screw--Magnetic tip holds drywall screw for driving. Bit tip does not rotate until pressure is applied to wallboard during application. Enter Screw Straight--Firm hand grip on electric screwdriver is important for straight line of entry. Screw must enter perpen dicular to board face for proper performance. Drive screws at least t" from ends or edges of wallboard to provide a uniform dimple not over 1/32" deep. Operate electric screwdriver constantly during usage. When screw head is driven solidly against wallboard, screwdriver head will automatically stop turning and a positive clutch will dis engage drive head. Remove screwdriver instantly or the motor will re-engage and chew up screw head or force it below surface of wallboard. When driving Ht-Lo screws, start with a vigorous thrust and continue with arm follow-through until the clutch cuts off. The electric screwdriver technique is relatively simple and a proficiency with the tool can be developed after a few hours' use. For description of USG Brand Screws, see Chapter 2: for screw spacing, see pertinent U.S.G. system. Chapter 4. BB014 0430 nail application/installation methods 75 NAIL APPLICATION 1. Drive nails at least Ya" from ends or edges of Sheetrock wallboard. 2. Position nails on adjacent ends or edges opposite each other. 3. Begin nailing from center of wallboard and proceed toward outer ends or edges. 4. When nailing, apply pressure on wallboard adjacent to nail being driven to insure that wallboard is secured tightly on framing member. 5. Drive nails with shank perpendicular to face of board. 6. Use a Wal-Board hammer or crowned-head hammer. 7. With last blow of hammer, seat nail so head is in a slight uniform dimple formed by last blow of hammer. Do not break paper at nail head or around circumference of dimple by over-driving. A nail set should not be used. Maximum depth of dimple should not exceed 1/32". For nail description, see Chapter 2; for spacing, see pertinent U.S.G. system, Chapter 4. BB014 0431 I 76 installation methods/double nailing DOUBLE NAILING APPLICATION In the double nailing method for attaching wallboard to wood .framing, space the first nails 12" o.c. along the supports in the field of the board. Drive second nails about 2" from the first. Use single nails around the board perimeter (see drawing). This application method helps prevent loose board and resultant nail pops that may occur when wallboard is not applied correctly and pushed tight against the framing. This method will not re duce the incidence or severity of nail pops due to wood shrink age. (See Chapter 6 for data on lumber shrinkage.) INSTALLATION Ceilings: Starting in center of board and working toward edges and ends, hold the board tight against the ceiling joists and attach with nails spaced approximately 12" o.c. Drive secondary nails 2" to 2Vi" from first nails. Use single nails around the board perimeter. At ends space nails no more than 7" o.c. Sidewalls: Illustration shows the correct double nailing proce dure for sidewall application. Attach first board to top plate by driving single edge nails at points A, B, C. etc. Hold board tight against studs and apply nails in field of board in the number sequence indicated. Drive second nails within 2" to 2`/i ' of the first. Use single nails around the board perimeter. Space end nails no more than 8' o.c. Note: After second nails are applied, it may be necessary to restrike and drive home first nails which appear loose and do not hold wallboard tight. Check all nails for proper dimple. ADHESIVE NAIL-ON APPLICATION In the adhesive nail-on method a continuous bead of Durabond 200 or 300 Stud Adhesive is applied to the face of wood framing with a cartridge gun. Gypsum wallboard is applied and attached BB014 0432 adhesive nail-on/installation methods 77 with only a minimum number of supplementary fasteners com pared to conventional fastening methods (see next page for fastener spacing required). Spacing of framing members is the same as that used for conventional attachment. Advantages of the adhesive nail-on system using Durabond 200 or Durabond 300 are: Reduces up to 75% of the fasteners that cause most of the problems. Stronger than conventional nail application-- Up to 100% more tensile strength. Up to 50% more shear strength. Unaffected by moisture, high or low temperature; verminresistant. Reduces loose board caused by improper fastening. Bridges minor framing irregularities. Will not stain or bleed through most finishes. INSTALLATION All surfaces to receive adhesive should be free of dirt, grease, oil or other foreign material. To facilitate flow, store adhesive at'approximately 70F. for 24 hours prior to use. The adhesive should be kept in the original unopened container prior to use, or enclosed to prevent evaporation of volatile materials. Unused portions of water-base adhesive remaining in can should be re sealed or covered with a film of water to retard evaporation of thinners. Remove water before reusing. Adequate ventilation should be provided during use to remove fumes emitted from the volatile agents in the solvent-base ad hesive. Normal precautions (for a flammable material) should be employed regarding proximity to fire, sparks, or smoking before volatile materials are evaporated. BB014 0433 78 installation methods/adhesive nail-on Incorrect positions Adhesive is applied with a Drywall Adhesive Applicator-- Model A-3 for bulk loading from 5 gal. cans. Model A-2M for '/ gal. cartridges. For description of tools, see Chapter 7; for adhesives. Chapter 2. Proper nozzle opening and gun position (see sketch) are re quired to obtain the right size and shape of bead for satisfactory results. Initial height of bead over framing should be a" and of sufficient volume to provide 1/16" thickness of adhesive over the entire support. Apply adhesive in a continuous W" bead in the center of the attachment face and to within 6" of the ends of all framing members. Where two pieces of wallboard meet on a framing member, apply a serpentine or zigzag bead with an 8" repeat pattern permitting adhesive to contact both panels. Do not apply adhesive to members such as bridging, diagonal bracing, etc. into which no supplemental fasteners will be driven. Adhe sive is not required at inside corners, top and bottom plates, bracing or fire stops and is not ordinarily used in closets. Place wallboard shortly after adhesive bead is applied and fasten immediately, using proper screw or nail. After board has been applied, impact by hand along each stud or joist to insure good contact at all points. Where fasteners at vertical joints are objectionable, panels may be prebowed and adhesively attached with fasteners at top and bottom only. Prebow board by stacking face up with ends resting on 2x4 boards or other blocks and center of panels resting on floor. Allow to remain overnight or until panels have a 2" permanent bow. 1' BB014 0434 adhesive nail-on/installation methods 79 To insure a good bond, no more Durabond 200 Stud Adhesive should be applied than can be covered in 15 minutes; no more Durabond 300 Stud Adhesive than can be covered in 30 minutes. If adhesive is left exposed to the air for longer periods, the vola tile materials will evaporate causing surface hardness that pre vents a full bond. Remove excess Durabond 200 Adhesive from the surface of the wallboard (except predecorated boards), exposed finished sur faces and tools with naphtha, white gasoline or kerosene. Use water to remove excess Durabond 300 Adhesive. Allow adhesive to dry at least 24 hours before joint treatment. Fastener Spacing-- DURABOND 200 or 300 Stud Adhesive Ceilings--Horizontal Application: Fasten at each framing in tersection and 16' o.c. at each board end. One temporary field fastener per framing member required at mid-width of board. This fastener must be removed at the end of 24 hours. Ceilings--Vertical Application: Space fasteners 16' o.c. along board edges and at each framing intersection on ends. Space tem porary fasteners 24' o.c. on intermediate supports. These tempo rary fasteners must be removed at the end of 24 hours. Walls--Horizontal Application: Same as Ceilings--Horizontal Application above, except that no field fasteners are required. ; Walls--Vertical Application: Same as Ceilings--Vertical Ap- gj ' plication above, except that no fasteners are required on inter- O mediate supports. Where fasteners at the vertical joints of the ** panel are objectionable, prebow the gypsum wallboard and ^ apply fasteners 16" o.c. only at the top and bottom of the panel, q -P* CJ " 80 installation methods/adhesive--multi-layer ADHESIVE APPLICATION-MULTI-LAYER In adhesive application, Sheetrooc Wallboard or predecorated Ultrawall or Textone Vinyl Panel face layers are joblaminated to a base layer of gypsum boards, gypsum studs or ribs or sound deadening boards. Attachment of the face layer to the-base layer with Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound-Taping requires temporary support or supple mental fastening while drying; provides a tight bond, permits leveling and adjustment of boards after contact, and is used generally in fire and sound-rated construction. Durabono 500 and 600 Contact Adhesives are ready-mixed--are used for specific applications. When base layer is sound deadening board, the face layer of gypsum wallboard is attached using permanent face layer fast eners top and bottom of panel. Permanent face nailing in field of panel is required for a fire rating. For details on fire ratings, see Chapter 5; for construction data and applicable laminating procedure, see pertinent U.S.C. system, Chapter 4. INSTALLATION--PERF-A-TAPE JOINT COMPOUNDTAPING (used as a laminating adhesive) Directions for Mixing Mix Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound-Taping in a clean metal container, using a sturdy mixing paddle (see Chapter 7--Tools). Use clean, drinkable water for mixing; follow quantities shown on bag. Pour all water into a container of suitable size, then sift powder into the water, stirring continuously. Mix for approximately \'/i minutes, to make sure all com pound is uniformly damp and mixture is smooth. Allow mix to stand for a 30 minute soaking period and stir vigorously for approximately one minute to break down any lumps before use. The consistency of adhesive can be adjusted by adding small amounts of powder or water. Wet mix may be held for up to 24 hours by covering with a small amount of water. BB014 0436 sheet lamination/installation methods 81 Application--Face Layer--With Perf-A-Tape Joint CompoundTaping and Durabono 500 or 600 Adhesives, the face layers are attached by spreading the adhesive over the entire surface of the wailboard sheet, sheet lamination; or by applying Perf-A-Tape or Durabono 500 Adhesive in vertical strips, strip lamination. Sheet Lamination is suitable for horizontal or vertical applica tion of wailboard on walls and ceilings where the entire back surface of the face layer comes into contact with the base layer. Precut and prefit face panels as required and apply Perf-A-Tape or Durabond 500 Adhesive in beads Vi" wide at base and Vz" high and spaced 1W to 2" o.c. with an Ames laminating spreader or a notched metal spreader blade. Spread adhesive uni formly over entire back surface of face panel to extreme edges. If using Durabond 600, apply with spray or .short-nap roller. Laminate face layer to base layer using moderate pressure and temporary nails, temporary supports, or USG Brand Screws Type G (see below for application details). Wipe off any adhesive forced out at edges. After laminating compound has thoroughly dried (usually 24 to 48 hours), remove temporary nails and shoring. Allow Type G screws to remain for later joint treatment. In horizontal application, face layer end joints may occur on or between framing members. When end joints occur between framing members, follow back-blocking surface alignment pro cedure (see details this chapter), using wood supporting strips to assure alignment. Three methods for providing face layer support are: 1. Temporary Nailing--Use nails that have at least V*" pene tration into the framing to provide support for the face layer every 16" to 24". A double headed scaffold nail to which large fiber or wood washers are applied, stucco furring nails, or 6d cooler type nails backed up by gypsum board blocks (used as washers) may be used. Where nails without gypsum blocks are used, place a thin wood block under claw hammer head when pulling nails to prevent damage to face layer. Properly dimple nail holes before apply ing joint treatment. 2. Temporary Supports--Provide temporary bracing or shoring that gives support to the face layer every 16' to 24". 3. USG Brand Screws--Permanently attach face boards with 1 Yz" USG Brand Screws Type G. Using screws assures positive attachment while the adhesive dries and provides flush even face layer joints often not provided by temporary nailing. The l'/i" Type G screw is not intended for use with Vs" double wall or a combination Vz" and Vs" double wall construction or with sound deadening board base layers. Apply adhesive just prior to face panel erection in order not to wet the base layer and reduce holding power of the screw. Press face layer firmly against base layer with one hand when driving screw. Adhesive should be thin enough to flow and level out as screw is driven. BB014 0437 82 installation methods/strip lamination Place screws along vertical edges and in the field of the board as follows: (a) space screws along vertical edges within 2" of the joint, no further than 12" from either end and no more than 36" o.c.: (b) space screws in the field of the board along the centerline of panel, within 24" of either end and no more than 48" o.c. (see detail below). 'I r t \ i> Strip Lamination is suitable for vertical application of face layer panels on walls, significantly reduces the amount of ad hesive used, and simplifies attachment of the face layer. When used with supplemental Type G drywall screws, strip lamination provides flush even edge joints and positive attachment when the adhesive is drying that is superior to temporary nailing. This method is recommended when a high degree of sound control is required. It is not intended for use on ceilings or for horizontal application of face layers. Precut and prefit face panels as required and apply adhesive in vertical strips, 24" o.c. to base layer or coreboard. Each strip should consist of four beads approximately %" wide at the base and 16" high spaced 116" to 2" o.c. The adhesive is applied most easily with a 7" or 10" Ames laminating head. Permanently attach face boards to base layer or core units with 116" USG Brand Screws Type G located so they penetrate the adhesive strips (see description above for installation of Type G drywall screws). I I BB014 0438 single layer/installation methods 83 application methods SINGLE LAYER APPLICATION The following procedures apply to the installation of single layer Sheetrock Wallboard to conventional wood framing in residential construction. The fastening may be any one of sev eral attachment methods (see page 74 for details); however, the USG Brand Screw Type W, designed specifically for this use, virtually eliminates loose attachment of gypsum boards. For recommended thickness of wallboard, method of applica tion (horizontal or vertical) and spacing of framing, refer to Planning the Job, found earlier in this chapter. For complete in formation on fire and sound resistant assemblies, refer to Chapter 5. Apply gypsum wallboard so the ends and edges occur over framing members, except when joints are at right angles to the framing members as in horizontal application or when the end joints are to be back-blocked (see page 86). To minimize end joints, use wallboard of maximum practical lengths. When end joints occur, they should be staggered. Joints on opposite sides of a partition should be so arranged as to occur on different studs. Sheetrock Wallboard should be applied first to the ceiling and then to the wails. If Insulating Sheetrock Wallboard is used, apply with foil side against framing. Adjacent boards should be brought into contact but should not be forced into place. Abutting ends and edges and holes for pipes and electrical fixtures should be accurately cut and neatly fitted. Usually two men are required to work on a ceiling. Fasten wallboard with screws or nails starting from the center of wallboard and working toward the ends and edges. While fas teners are being driven, the wallboard should be held in firm contact with the framing or joists. When single fasteners are used, attach wallboard to framing with screws spaced not ti exceed 12" o.c. or with nails spaced not to exceed V o.c. Drivt fasteners at least Ya" from edges and ends of wallboard to pro vide a uniform dimple not over 1/32" deep. Apply wallboard to the sidewalls after the ceilings are erected. Where horizontal construction is used on walls, top wall panel AEVO VTOBB 84 installation methods/single layer is applied first and butted against ceiling. When vertical applica tion is used, sidewall should be spanned from ceiling to floor by single length of Sheetrock Wallboard. Vertical application should be used where ceiling height is over 8'2" or where this method reduces waste and joint treatment. On sidewalls, maximum fastener spacing for screws is 16" o.c. for framing spaced 16" o.c., 12" o.c. for framing spaced 24" o.c. For nails, maximum spacing is 8" o.c. Where openings occur, use Sheetrock Wallboard of sufficient length to span wall areas, covering the openings. If joints occur near an opening, however, the wallboard should be applied so vertical joints are centered, if possible, over door opening. No vertical joints, at any rate, should occur within 8" of external corners of windows, doors, or similar openings except at inte rior or exterior angles within the room and when control joints are used. Door and window openings usually can be cut out after Sheetrock is applied. After installation, pound on walls and ceilings to detect loose nails or screws, and push on board adjacent to fasteners to see if there is movement. If loose fasteners are detected, drive them tight. Whenever nails or screws have punctured paper, hold board tight against framing and install another fastener prop erly, approximately 1 lA" from screw or nailhead which punc tured paper and remove the faulty fastener. When nailing wallboard to second side of a partition, check opposite side for fasteners loosened by pounding and drive them tight again. With platform framing and sidewall expanses exceeding one floor in height, float the wallboard over second floor joists using RC-1 Sheetrock Resilient Channels (see Chapter 4 for application). As an alternate, install a horizontal control joint between wallboard panels at the junction of the bottom of top plates and the first floor studs (see Control Joint Installation described later in this chapter). Do not fasten wallboard to the wide face of joists or headers. WOOD FURRING Apply Sheetrock Wallboard to wood furring strips as follows: Furring strips over wood framing must be 2"x2" (nominal) minimum size (may be nom. I"x4" if wallboard is screw at tached). Where Sheetrock is applied parallel to furring strips securely attached to masonry walls, furring strips should be 2"x3" or I"x3" (nominal) minimum size: where long edges of Sheetrock Wallboard are applied across furring, strips should be 2"x2" or l"x2" (nominal) minimum size. Spacing of furring strips should follow recommendations in table on Framing Mem ber Spacing found earlier in this chapter. Fasteners for application of Sheetrock over wood furring on masonry walls should not penetrate through furring strip into masonry. Note: Application of Sheetrock over l"xl" (nominal) wood furring applied across framing members is not recommended since the relative flexibility of furring prevents proper fastening and tends to loosen nails or screws already driven. 1 i i i i BB014 044 X floating interior angle/installation methods 85 FLOATING INTERIOR ANGLE APPLICATION The floating interior angle method of applying gypsum wallboard effectively reduces angle cracking and nail pops result ing from stresses at intersections of walls and ceilings. Certain fasteners are eliminated at all interior angles, both where walls and ceilings meet and where sidewalls intersect. Ceilings--Apply Sheetrock Wallboard to ceilings first. Follow standard framing practices for corner fastening. Fit wallboard snugly at all angles. Horizontal Application--Use conventional single nail or screw application where end of board abuts a wall intersec tion. Where long edges of board are parallel with the inter section, apply the first nail or screw nominally 7" from wail. Use conventional fastening in remainder of ceiling area. Vertical Application--Use conventional single nail or screw application where long edges of board abut a wall intersec tion. Where ends of board are parallel to an intersection, apply the first nail or screw nominally 7" from the wall. Use conventional fastening in the remainder of the ceiling area. Sidewalls--Apply all wallboard to maintain firm contact at the ceiling line and to provide support to ceiling boards previously installed. Along the horizontal angle, apply the first nail or screw nominally 8" from ceiling intersection. At all vertical angles, omit only the comer fastening of the board that is first applied and overlapped in the angle. Nail or screw the overlap ping board in conventional manner. Use conventional fastening in remainder of sidewall area. Double Nailing--When double nailing is used with a floating interior angle, follow above spacing on first nail from intersec tion and use double nailing in rest of area. Conventional framing and ordinary wood back-up or blocking at vertical internal angles must be provided. BB014 04 86 installation methods/back-blocking BACK-BLOCKING APPLICATION Back-Blocking is a system designed to minimize an inherent joint deformation ("ridging") in single layer gypsum wallboard construction, which sometimes occurs under a combination of adverse job and weather conditions. The Back-Blocking System, developed by United States Gypsum Company, has been widely used for years and produces outstanding results. This system is patented (Pat. No. 2,736,929) and may be used under a non exclusive license agreement, readily available upon request. Back-Blocking consists of laminating cut-to-size pieces of Sheetrock Wallboard to the back surface of the wallboard directly behind the joints, providing reinforcement to resist stresses which cause ridging. Back-Blocking long edge joints on Sheetrock SW Wallboard is not required, but floating and Back-Blocking of all end joints, on both sidewalls and ceilings is recommended. End joints on both sidewalls and ceilings may be tapered by the Back-Blocking method at the discretion of the owner, architect or applicator. A. Backing blocks, 8" wide and long enough to fit loosely between joists, are spread with Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound- Taping. Apply adhesive in beads `A" high, wide at the base spaced I 'A " o.c. B. Apply wallboard horizontally with long edges at right angles to joists. Place backing blocks along full length of edge and ends of board. Floating of end joints makes it easier to form a good joint over a twisted stud or joist. 3 BB014 0442 back-blocking/installation methods 87 C. Immediately after all blocks are in place, erect the next board which has been previously cut. Butt ends loosely. One man can complete nailing the board while another cements and places the blocks. D. Cross section shows how floated end joint is tapered and back-blocked. Brace is temporarily nailed over wood strip (top drawing) which depresses ends of boards. When strips are re moved, tapered formation remains as shown in bottom drawing. (Sequence continued on next page.) BB014 0443 88 installation methods/back-blocking E. Position sidewall blocks between studs and hold flush with face by wallboard strips which have been recessed against sides of studs. Blocking must be flush or slightly behind nailing face of studs. F. After wallboard panel is nailed in place, immediately butt adjacent panel over backing block. Stagger end joints between upper and lower courses of panels. BB014 0444 double layer/installation methods 89 or- DOUBLE LAYER APPLICATION The following procedure applies to me installation of a double layer of gypsum wallboard to conventional wood framed wails and ceilings in residential construction. Sheetrock Gypsum Wallboard face layers are job-laminated to a base layer of Baxbord Gypsum Backing Board that is attached to the fram ing. Because the construction minimizes the use of mechanical fasteners in the face layer, finer appearance is- the result--to gether with greater strength and. with Perf-A-Tape Joint Com pound-Taping as the adhesive, higher fire and sound resistance (see Chapter 5 for details). Generally this construction consists of two layers of Vs" gypsum wallboard but other thicknesses may be used to achieve additional values. For thickness of wallboard, applicable spacing of framing and methods of application see Planning the Job, found earlier in this chapter. MATERIALS Base Layer--Vs" Baxbord Gypsum Backing Board in 4'x8' panels is especially designed for double layer system. Baxbord is economical, easy to handle, and available plain or with alumi num foil on one surface to provide a vapor barrier and reflec tive insulation on exterior walls and top floor ceilings. (Regular Vs" Sheetrock Wallboard may be used as an alternate to Baxbord for base layer.) Face Layer--Vs" Regular Sheetrock or predecorated Ultrawall Panels in woodgrained finish. Alternate: Vi" Textone Vinyl Panels in a variety of patterns. Fasteners--for Vs" base layer--114" USG Brand Screws Type W, 114" GWB-54 nails, 4d gypsum wallboard nails, or power driven staples. Staples should be 16 ga. flattened galvanized wire, W wide, 1" long, with divergent points. For temporary support of face layer, use nails of sufficient length to penetrate a mini mum of Vi" into nailing member, 6d cooler type nails, double headed scaffold nails, stucco furring nails, or temporary bracing or shoring. . Adhesive--Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound-Taping, or Durabond 500 or 600 Contact Adhesive. Joint Treatment--Select a U.S.G. joint system. BB014 0445 90 installation methods/double-layer Comer detail INSTALLATION Base Layer Ceilings--Apply Baxbord Backing Board horizon tally on ceiling first with long edges perpendicular to framing members. End joints may occur on or between framing mem bers and should be offset from face layer joints by at least 10". Base Layer Walls--Apply Baxbord with long edges parallel to and centered on framing members (vertically). Exception: for predecorated face layers, apply base layer horizontally. Attachment--Fasten base layer wallboard with power-driven drywall screws, nails or power-driven staples spaced not to exceed the following: a. Drywall screws: 16" o.c. on framing spaced 16" o.c., 12" o.c. on framing spaced 24" o.c. b. Single nails and staples: 7" o.c. on ceilings, 8" o.c. on walls. If staples are used, drive staple with crown at right angles to long dimension of framing member except where paper bound edges fall on framing members: then drive staples parallel to edges. Drive staple so crown bears tightly against Baxbord but does not cut paper. c. Double nails: 12" o.c. Follow recommendations in Double Nailing Application found earlier in this chapter. Face Layer Ceilings and Walls--Apply face layer first either vertically or horizontally depending on whichever results in the least waste and joints; offset joints at least 10". Apply wallboard to walls horizontally except with predecorated Ultrawall or Textone Vinyl Panels. Attachment--Adhesively apply face panels with Perf-A-Tape Joint Compound-Taping or Durabond 500 or 600 Adhesive (see Adhesive Application directions found earlier in this chapter). DOUBLE LAYER CORNER DETAILS On the inside corner, only the overlapping Baxbord panel-- not the face panel--is nailed to framing. A floating type corner results when joint is reinforced with a U.S.G. joint system. On the outside corner, only the Sheetrock Wallboard--not the Baxbord--is nailed to the framing. At locations shown, use temporary nails or permanent nails penetrating framing approx imately Y*" and countersunk. Finish corner with metal corner bead and joint treatment. vioaa