Document o971q6B8mKmXaEKQox8nOZkyE

FILE NAME: Oil Industry and American Petroleum Institute (API) DATE: 1959 Apr 27 DOC#: API042 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Minutes from API Medical Advisory Committee Meeting with Attachments I f(jR COMMITTEE USE ONLY 3 * NOT FOR PUBLICATION MEDICAL AlffISCBY COMTTTSB 27IB MEETING April 27, 1959 Parlor M - Sherman Hotel Chicago, Illinois MEMBERS PRESENT: V. C. Baird, M. )., Chairman J. W. Osborn, M. D., Vice Chairman C. R. Miller, D., Secretary W. 0. Armstrong, M. 0. F. F. Boys, M. D. Richard Call, M. D. L. E. Curtis, M. D. Kieffer Deris, M. D. (Rep. by C. S. Huntington, R. E. Eckardt, M. D. K. R. Fourcher, M. D. (Rep. by V. L. Avrett) T. M. Frank, M. D. J. H. Hege, M. D. C. H. Hine, M. D. R. Aaset Kelly, M. D. M.D. ) T. J. Kelly, M. D. E. K. Linder, M. D. T. B. Mitchell, M. D. R. C. Page, M. D. (Rep. by E. R. Stanton) B. B. Reeve, M. D. J. C. Ruddock, M. D. G. M. Saunders, M. D. (Rep. by T. E. Allen, M.D.) Ralph Schneider, M. D. W. Wayne Stewart, M. D. Leo J. Whde, M. D. TECHNICAL ADVISCBB PRESENT: W. H. Barcue E. K. Daniels A. E. Dooley H. W. Gerarde, M. D. N. J. Gothard P. D. Halley J. V. Hammond R. V. Hendricks F. K. Kuhne A. C. Pabst L. E. Renes Jade Spence J. Van Zandt MEMBERS ABSENT: R. M. Adams, M D. C. H. Baylor, M D. J. W. Crookshank, M. D. F. D. OaasT , 3D* ' I. P. Luoago, M. D. B. S. Miller, M. D. R. J. Potte, M. D. OTHERS FRBSBtts R. A. Vise, M. D. R. G. Birrell, M. D. V. E. Broughton, M. D. J. T. Garrett C. G. Hunter, M. D. J. H. Johnston K. L. Mackenzie D. C. Murphy C. A. Nau, M. D. H. V. Prince, M. D. H. Van Raalte Humble Oil A Refining Company Imperial Oil limited Shell Petroleum, London Bhglaad Monsanto Chemical Company Shell Research Ltd., London, England Imperial Oil Limited Barber Oil Corporation Eseo Petroleum Co., London, Sigland Consultant, Galveston, Texas Standard Oil Company of California Royal Dutch Shell (The Hague) API 07454 1 I n pgERS PRESENT (Continued): l. W. Raymond g. A. Toscot Vievhig, M. D. Hclvor Woody, M. D. I. OPENING RB4ARKS Esso Research fc Ehglneerlng Company Imperial Oil limited Standard Oil Company of Texas The chairman welcomed all those present to the 27th meeting of the Medical Advisory Com&ittee. Be indicated that the principal duty of the group vas to receive and act upon reports of its subcommittees. II. INTRODUCTION CF NEW MEMBERS AND QUESTS Dr. Baird introduced W. Wayne Stewart, M. D., Sun Oil Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a new member of the Medical Advisory Committee, replacing Dr. Lamaon Bianey; Curtis B. Baylor, M. D., The Texas Company, New York, Nev York, a new member of the Medical Advisory Ccanittee, who was absent due to illness and who replaces Dr. M. N. Nevquist; R. Bmnet Kelly, M. D., Medical Director, lion Oil Company (A Division of Monsanto Chemical Company), St. Louis, Missouri, a nev member of the Medical Advisory Coonittee. The chairman Introduced R. A. Wise, M. D., Bumble Oil k Refining Cooqpany; R. G. Birrell, M.D., Imperial Oil Limited; V. E. Broughton, M. D., Shell Petroleum (London); J. T. Garrett, Monsanto Chemical Company; C. G. Hunter, M. D., Shell Research Limited (London); C. S. Huntington, M. D., Phillips Petroleum; J. B. Johnston, Imperial Oil Limited; K. L. Mackenzie, Barber Oil Corporation; D. C. Murphy, Esso Petroleum Cospany (London); C. A. Rau, M. D,, Consultant; B. V. Prince, M. D., Standard Oil Company of California; B. Van Raalte, Royal Dutch Shell (The Hague); L. W. Raymond, Eseo Research and Ehglneerlng Company; E. A. Tubcot, Imperial Oil Limited; Vlevhlg, M. D., Standard Oil Company of Texas; and Mclvor Woody, M. D., past chairman of the Medical Advisory Committee. The chairman stated that George M. Saunders, M. D., Socony Mobil Oil Company, Inc., vas unable to attend and Introduced Dr. Ted Allen who vas repre senting Dr. Saunders. The chairman called attention to the retirement of L. C. Beard, Jr. Dr. Beard bad served as a technical advisor to the Msdlcal Advisory Commlttse for a maker of years. III. APPROVAL CF MINUTES ACTION: Xt was regularly moved, seconded, end unanimously passed that the minutes of the 26th meeting of the Medical Advisory Camittee, held November 10, 195^, Conrad Bilton Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, not be read and be approved as distributed. IV. SUBCQMITTEB REPORTS A. Operating Subcommittee 07455 V. C. Baird, M. D., chairman, reported on the recaasendations of this group. His report is attached as Appendix A. ACTION: It vas regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report of the Operating Subcommittee be accepted. ) P 1 - 3- B. Program Subcommittee E. K. Linder, M. D., chairman, reported on the action of this group. His report is shown as Appendix B. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that " the report be accepted. C. Subcommittee on Atmospheric Pollutants J. C. Ruddock, M. D., chairman, reported on the activities of his group. His report is given in Appendix C. Certain recommended changes were made to his report. ACPIOK: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report as amended be accepted. D. Subccnnlttee on C9 - 02 Aromatics In the absence of Kieffer Davis, M. D., chairman of this subcommittee, C. E. Hine, M. D. imported on the activities of this group. His report is given as Appendix D. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report be accepted. B. Subcommittee on Carcinogenicity R. 5. Eckardt, M. D., chairman of this group, stated that there was no report for this group. F, Subccemittee on Dermatology Leo J. Wade, M. D., chairman, presented the import of this subcommittee's activities. His report is given in Appendix I. ACTIOH: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report be eecepted. Q. Subcommittee on Medical Policies end Administrative Precticee Ralph Schneider, M. D., chairman of this subcommittee, gave his report which is gives Is Appendix F. ACTIOBt It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report be accepted. H. Subcommittee on Physical Amenta C. H. Hine, M. D., chairman, reported on his group's activities which is given in Appendix 0. ACTIOS: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report be accepted. I. Subcarnalttee on Specialty Petroleum Products API 07456 J. W. Osborn, M. D., chairman of this group, gave a report of hie group's activities. His report is given as Appendix H. ACTION: It vas regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that " " the report be accepted. Allan Dooley reported that the Interdivislonal Committee on Labeling is currently considering the preparation of labels for ethylene-type antifreezes, cut-back asphalts, and aromatic oils. J. Subcamnittee on Toxicological Reviews H. W. Gerarde, M. D., chairman of this group, gave his report which is attached as Appendix I. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report be accepted. K, Subcommittee on Industrial Hygiene Jack Spence, chairman of this subcconittee, gave his report which is given as Appendix J. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the report be accepted. V. REPORT Of LIAISON MEMBERS A. Joint Cocaaittee for Dermatology Studies - Leo J. Wade, M. D., reported there had been no meeting of this group. indicated that the committee had received copies of a booklet and wall chart distributed by the API Division of Marketing, as a result of a study and survey made by the Industrial Hygiene foundation of America, Inc., under an API grant. B. fitaoke and fumes - J. C. Ruddock, M. D. reported on his liaison activities with the Division of Refining's Smoke and Tunes Committee. His report is given in Appendix K. C. American Standards Association - Allan Dooley reported that the ASA B-U Industrial Sanitation Committee had had no meeting, therefore, there was no report. The activity of the ASA 2-37 Committee on Toxic Dusts and Gases is included in the report of the Subcommittee on Industrial Hygiene (Appendix J). N. V. Hendricks reported on the ASA 2-62 Industrial Hygiene Standards Committee. His re port is give in Appendix L. D. American Medical Association - J. W. Osborn, M. D. has included this report in Appendix H, Subcommittee on pecialty Petroleum Products. E. Interdivislonal Committee on Labeling - The report of this group's activity was given by Allan Dooley and is Included in the report of the Subcommittee on Specialty Petroleum Products, item IV-I of these minutes. API 07457 r. First Aid - T. M. Prank, M. D. reported that Charlie Miller, who bad been chairman of the API First Aid Committee for a great number of years, has retired. Mr. Quincy Tuna is the new chairman. A meeting of this group is scheduled for next week during the midyear meeting of the Central Committee on Accident Prevention. Dr. Frank indicated that a new book on first aid will be pub lished in the future. The mouth-to-mouth resuscitation method is under discussion for inclusion in the new book. It was recommended that the nev first aid book should Include the nev treatment on snake bites. - 5- P G, Wax Committee - R. E. Eckardt, M. D. reported on the activities of committee. He indicated that the Wax Comittee believes their work is pro* gressing satisfactorily. It is their hope that the investigational work vili per* ait the establishment of a standard for petroleum waxes which will be acceptable to the Food and Drug Administration. B. Quarantine Service - There vas no report from this group. I. Interdivisional Comnlttee on Petroleum Food Additives - L. E. M. D. announced a new interdivisional committee bad been appointed to study the toxicology of petroleum food additives. Chairman Curtis announced that the newly formed committee had their first meeting. The petrochemical field vas excluded from the committee scope. Chairman Curtis indicated that it is possible that his cocsflittee will ask the Advisory Committee to the Wax Research Project to include petrolatum in their investigation. Dr. Curtis stated that his comnlttee will ask Mr. Porter to write the various petroleum companies asking that they notify his committee if they have contacted the Food and Drug Administration in regard to any of their problems on petroleum food additives, provided such problems are of mutual interest to the whole petroleum industry. Curtis, VI. TENTATIVE BUDGET FOR 1960-6l Air Pollution C9 - Cl2 Aromatics Treatment for Kerosine Ingestion in Children Research on Boise in Industry Consulting Services Toxicological Reviews Administrative Services TOTAL ,$ 5,000.00 20, 000.00 7 500.00 5.000.00 3. 000. 00 10,000.00 1.500.00 *52,000.00 ACUCB; It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the tentative budget be approved, subject to final review at the 1959 Fall meeting. VII. BEET MEETING She Operating Subcommittee recowaended that the next meeting of the Medical Advisory Committee be held Monday morning, November 9, 1959, in the Conrad Hilton Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, during the Annual API Meeting. The subcosmittee meetings will be scheduled on Friday and Saturday, November 6 and 7 with the Operating Subcommittee to meet Sunday P. M., November 8th, and the Round Table Session to be held Monday P. M., November 9th. ACTICW: It was regularly moved, seconded, end unanimously passed that the recoanendation of the Operating Subcostaltte be approved. VIII. NEW BUSINESS 1. Reception - 7. 7. Boys, M. D., Sinclair Refining Company, requested Chairman Baird to announce that the Sinclair Refining Company was giving a reception for N. J. Gothard who has been a Technical Advisor to the Medical Advisory Committee since the connittee wee formed in 19^5* Mr. Qotbard is to be retired in the near future. API 07458 Medical Activities in Foreign Countries - Chairman Baird called upon the visitors from foreign countries to consent on the medical activities in their various countries. E. 0. Mattocks Approved: V, c. Baird, M. D., Chairman 6/15/59 API 07459 r APPENDIX A ___ MINUTES OF THE MEDICAL ADVISORY CCMOTTEE'S (A-l) flflBfflHhO Slfeca-gfllTEB April 25, 1959 Sherman Hotel Chicago, Illinois fgnfiE PRESENT: *" * V. C. Baird, M. D., Chairman J. W. Osborn, M. D., Vice Chairman C. R. Miller, M. D., Secretary L. E. Curtis, M. D., Past Chairman B, E.Eckardt, M. D. g. W. Gerarde, M.D. C. H.Hine, M. D. E. K. Linder, M.T). MEMBERS ABSENT: J. C. Ruddock, M. D. Ralph Schneider, M. D. Jack Spence Leo J. Wade, M. D. B. M. Adams, M. D. Kieffer Davis, M. D. VISITORS: J. W. Hammond E. 0. Mattocks I. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS Chairman Baird announced the following membership changes in the Medical Advisory Committee since the last meeting: 1. Curtis H. Baylor, M. D., Texaco Incorporated, Hew York, New York, replaces M. N. Nevquiat, M. D. 2. R. Barnet Kelly, M. D., Monsanto Chemical Company (Lion Oil Company), St. Louis, Missouri, a new member. 3. W. Wayne Stewart, M. D., Sun Oil Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, replaces Lamson Blaney, M. D. k. C. H. Baylor, M. D., Texaco Incorporated, New York, New York, was appointed a member of the Subcommittee on Specialty Petroleum Products. 5. L. C. Beard, Jr., Socony Mobil Oil Company, Inc., New York, New York, Technical Advisor, was retired by bis company. 6. Elmer Wheeler, Monsanto Chemical Company (lion Oil Company), St. Louis, Missouri, a new Technical Advisor, replacing Dr. R. Bauet Kelly on the Subcommittee on Industrial Hygiene. 7. Mr. Jack Spence, Standard Oil Company of California, San Francisco, California, and Mr. C. T. Brown, Richfield Oil Corporation, Los Angeles, California, were appointed to the Subcommittee on Atmospheric Pollutants and Mr. R. C. Cole, oo Phillips Petroleum Company, was removed from this subcommittee. r o The chairman complimented the chairman of each of the subccomittees for M the fine job they were doing. He stated that most of the work being done by the O, Medical Advisory Committee was being effectively accomplished through the sub < committees. II. MINUTES OF LAST MEETING (A-2) ACTION: It vas regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the minutes of the November 8, 1953 meeting of the Operating Subcommittee, which were distributed as Appendix A of the November 10, 1953 Medical Advisory Committee meeting, be approved as distributed, without reading. III. MANUAL ON RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS The desirability of preparing a Manual on Safe Handling Procedures and Bnployee Protection in Handling Radioactive Materials was not considered at the November 8, 1958 meeting of the Operating Subcommittee. It was decided to wait till after the round table discussion of this general subject, scheduled for November 10, 1958. Unfortunately, time did not permit discussion of the subject at the round table session. Therefore, no action was taken at this time. It is possible it will be considered at the November 1959 round table meeting. IV. PUBLICATIONS Of TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEWS Dr. Gerarde reported that the Subcommittee on Toxicological Reviews re commended that the revised four toxicological reviews, which have been approved by the Medical and Health Committee for publication, be published by the API In the form prescribed by this subcom&lttee. This is contrary to the procedure adopted by the Medical Advisory Cosmittee which approved publication in the AMA Archives of Industrial Health. The Toxicological Review Subconnittee's contrary recommendation was based on their desire for the API to own the revised reviews. Also, this pro cedure would permit publication in the form desired by the subcommittee. The sub committee recommends that AMA Archives of Industrial Health and other appropriate medical magazines be requested to publish the review of the revised toxicological reviews. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the Operating Subcommittee go along with recommendation of the Subcoonittee on Toxicological Reviews. V. LIAISCH WITH TH ASPHALT INSTITUTE Dr. R. B. Bckardt who has been the Medical Advisory Committee liaison member with The Asphalt Institute stated that there has been no activity of the liaison meniber for the last two years. Although The Asphalt Institute requested the appointment at a Liaison Member, the only contact such member has had with The Asphalt Institute was at a time when he requested such meeting. ACTIO: It wae moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the liaison membership with The Asphalt Institute be discon tinued and The Asphalt Institute be so Informed by letter, also telling them that the Medical Advisory Committee, because of their continued interest in asphalt, stands ready to render any assistance possible if requested to do so. VI. UNIVERSITY Cg CHICAGO MEDICAL SCHOOL A letter was received from T. L. Coggesball, M. D., Dean of the Division of The Biological Science, including the School of Medicine of the University of Chicago, requesting a financial donation to their Salary Support Program to help compensate their staff. API 07461 4 -3 > (*-3) ACTIOS: It was regularly moved, seconded, and passed that Dean ' Coggeshall's request for money be denied, informing him that most of the companies represented by the members of the Medical Advisory Committee are making contributions to the medical educational institutions. VII. SUBCOMMITTEE REPORTS (a) Program - Chairman Linder reported that his group had reccmmended that a round table discussion be held during the November 1959 meeting but that no public session should be scheduled. (b) Atmospheric Pollutants - Chairman Ruddock reported on the activities of Dr. Goldblatt in preparing his report which should be available about July 1, 1959. There is a balance of $4,871 remaining in this fund. However, the final balance will not be known till after July 1st when Dr. Goldblatt1s final expense account is received. Dr. Ruddock distributed to his subcoomittee copies of Dr. Goldblatt's last progress report. This was displayed to the members of the Operating Subcommittee. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that copies of Dr. Goldblatt's last progress report should be dis tributed to members of the Medica^ Advisory Conoittee together with a letter from Chairman Ruddock, addressed to the Members of the Medical Advisory Committee, requesting that any comments should be sent to him as soon as possible. Chairman Ruddock stated hie subccenlttee had considered the desirability of continuing the review and interpretations of literature relating to the effect on human health of atmospheric pollutants by Dr. Goldblatt. It was realised that to obtain new money for such a project would make it necessary to delay starting this phase until July 1, i960. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and passed with one negative vote that the Operating Subcommittee concur in the recommenda tion of the Subccenlttee on Atmospheric Pollutants that $5,000 be placed in the tentative Medical and Health i960 Budget to be used to conduct a literature review and interpretation of the effect of air pollution on the hunan health, provided the Atmospheric Pollutants Subcommittee, after reviewing k>. Gold blatt1a final report, present a firm proposal to the Medical Advisory Ccmittae at their November 1959 meeting for final aation and budget approval. (c) 00 - C12 Aromatics - Dr. C. H. Hine, acting chairman, reported that the investigational progress appeared satisfactory. Based on new and unexpected findings, this eubcoanittee was asking for $20,000 for the par 1960-61 to continue this research investigation. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that $20,000 be placed in the i960 budget to continue the C9 - C12 investigation. (d) Carcinogenicity - Dr. Eckardt stated there was nothing to report. API 07462 J J - It - (A-4) (e) Dermatology Dr. Wade bad nothing to report. (f) Medical Policies and Administrative Practices Dr. Schneider indicated he had nothing to report. (g) Physical Agents Dr. Hine had nothing to report. (h) Specialty Petroleum Products Dr. Osborn stated his subcommittee vas of the opinion that their three investigations should continue another year. ACTION: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the following sums of money be placed in the i960 budget: $2,500 for Dr. Daeschner $2,500 for Dr. Nau $2,500 for University of Vermont. (i) Toxicological Reviews Dr. Gerards had nothing to report. Chairman Biard requested Dr. Gerarde to be sure to include in the cost of the toxicological reviews any expenses incurred by Dr. Drinker after July 1, 1959 since Dr. Drinker will no longer be on an API retainer after that time. (j) Industrial Hygiene Mr. Jack Spence stated he had nothing to report. VIII. DR. QOLDBLATT'S PENSE ACCOUNT Dr. Ruddock reported that Dr. Goldblatt had been paid $5,129 to cover his traveling expenses Incurred on his trip to the United States. IX. RAISING MCHgr FCB MEDICAL ADVISORY CCMMITTEB BUDGET Members of the Medical Advisory Committee were informed that the API Executive Ccnnlttee, at their February 7, 1959 meeting, changed the policy of rais ing money for the Medical Advisory Committee. If problem now involves expenditures, budgetary requests should be included in the Medical and Health budget, provided each interested operating division has first endorsed the project and the proposed expenditures of necessary funds, as evidenced by the approval of the affected Divisional Vice President. X. NEW SUBCOMMITTEE ON EPIDEMIOLOGY . ACTION: The chairman was authorized to appoint a new subcommittee on Epidemiology. XI. NEW SUBCOMMITTEE ON INHALATION OF OIL MIST API 07463 The need for the establishment of a new subcommittee to consider matters such as inhalation of oil mist was reviewed carefully. The possibility of assigning v> > - 5- tpnk- to one of the present subcommittees was considered. i (A-5) ACTIOH: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that ' a new Subcommittee on the Inhalation of Oil Mist be appointed. XII. IAI1C BY BR. MALCOLM HABCSAVES At the suggestion of Mr. D. T. Staples, chairman of the Medical and Health Committee of the Board of Directors, a tali by Dr. Malcolm Hargraves was circulated to the officers of the Medical Advisory Connittee. Dr. Baird requested the Sub committee on Specialty Petroleum Products to review Dr. Hargraves'tali and suggest * course of action. Dr. Osborn reported that the Subcommittee on Specialty Petroleum products was of the opinion that Dr. Hargraves' paper was unworthy of comment by the Medical Advisory Connittee. It was suggested, however, that if possible some company doctor located near or operating in Dr. Hargraves' area might contact him by letter or personally and explain to him certain facts with which he appeared to bave no inowledge. XIII. BEST MESTINO ACTIOH: It was regularly moved, seconded, and unanimously passed that the next meeting of the Medical Advisory Cca&lttee be held Monday morning, Hovember 9, 1959, at the Conrad Hilton Hotel in Chicago and the subccnmittee meetings be held Triday and Saturday, Hoveaiber 6 and 7, and the Operating Subcoonittee meeting on Sunday evening, Hovember 6, and the round table diacueslon be held Monday afternoon, November 9, 1959* nV. HBM BUSINESS (a) Consultants Chairman Baird reminded the subcommittee chairmen that Medical Advisory Committee consultants would not be on a retainer fee after July 1, 1959 If say subcoonittee chairman desired the services of a consultant, be must first clear such request with the chairmen of the Medical Advisory Committee. (b) Reception Chairman Baird announced that the Sinclair Refining Company would have a reception for I. J. Qothard, who la a Technical Advisor to the Medical Advisory Committee, following the meeting of the Medical Advisory Carnaittee on Monday, April 27, 1959 in Parlor M of the Sherman Hotel. Mr. Qothard will be retired by his company som (c) Subcommittee Membership Chairmen Blard stated that it was his plan to write all members of the Medical Advisory Committee indicating they or their Technical Advisors might wish membership on certain subccsnlttees or wish to discontinue membership on present subcommittees. This letter will be written in sufficient time prior to the Hovember meeting to present to the new chairman for his information and guidance. The letter win request, also, any opinion the members may have for improving the activities of the Medical Advisory Com!ttee. (d) Hew Vice Chairman API 07464 Chairman Baird reviewed the policy of having a vice chairman appointed J - 6- > (A-6) who will normally be appointed the next chairman after a two-year term of office. Dr. Baird la assuming that the current vice chairman, Dr. Osborn, will succeed him January 1, i960 A letter will be written by Chairman Hard to all members of the Medical Advisory Committee requesting each member to write him any suggestions they have for the new vice chairman. E. 0. Mattocks Approved: 7. C. Baird, M. Di, Chairman API 07465 J i REPORT Cf THE PROGRAM SUBCOMgTIEB E. Kern Linder, Chairman APPENDIX B The Program Subcommittee met in the Bai Parlor at 9:00 a.m. on April 24, 1959 The following members were present: Drs. Mitchell, Reeve, and Chairman Linder. The Subconmlttee recommends to the Medical Advisory Committee that another round-table discussion for members be held at the Fall meeting. Dr. Schneider, Chairman of the Medical Policies and Administrative Practices Subcommittee, has agreed to continue his agenda of last Fall. Listed below ax other subjects which were suggested for future discussions: 1. Radioactive Materials 2. Disability Retirement 3 Effect of tension and stress on the Heart The Program Subcommittee respectfully submits this report and moves that it be accepted. 3he Program Subcommittee also requests that members send in any suggestions which could be considered for future meetings. 1 API 07466 *1 J I APPENDIX C (C -l) REPORT OF THE SUBCOKETTEE ON A3MOSPH33RIC POLLUTANTS J. C. Ruddock, M. D., Chairman j0bn C. Ruddock - Richfield Clark R. Miller - Tidewater * B. Rendel - Shell E. Curtis - Standard Oil (Calif.) g| 0. Mattocks - API C,` 6. Hunter - Shell Res. (London) John R. Scottaan - Carter Oil job Rail Mitchell - Carter Oil g. v. Hendricks - Esso Res. & Ehg. Allan E. Dooley - Texaco gU*r P. Wheeler - Monsanto (Lion Oil) jack T. Garrett - Monsanto (Lion Oil) y, E. Broughton - Shell Petroleum (London) B. B. Reeve - Standard Oil Co. (Ind.) B, Van Raalte - Bataafse Petrol. (London) Kenneth L. Mackenzie - Barber Oil Corp. J. W. Hammond - Bumble C. H. Hlne - Shell Development Jack Spence - Standard Oil (Calif.) E. R. Hermann - Humble C. A. Heilson - Continental Oil Co. W. 0. Armstrong - Continental Oil Co. E. K. Daniels - General Petroleum V. C. Baird - Humble W. E. Bareus - Sun Oil Co. J. W. Osborn - Standard Oil (Ohio) Richard Call - Union Oil Co. C. 0. Jones - API Sksoke & Fumes Comm. Z. M. Frank - Amoco The meeting of the Subcosmittee on Atmospheric Pollutants of the MAC of the API vas called to order by the chairman at the Hotel Sherman, Chicago, Illinois, at 10:30 A. M., April 2k, 1959. AH members of the Subcommittee vere present with the exception of Dr. E. P. Luongo. Mr. C. S. Jones, Executive Secretary of the API Sk&oke and Fumes Committee and Mr. E. P. Wheeler, representing the Manufacturing Chemists' Association and a member of their Air Pollution Abatement Conmittee, were present as guests. In addition, Mr. E. 0. Mattocks of the API staff and approximately 25 additional doctors and their technical advisors were there as observers. A statement on air pollution (copy attached) vas presented by the chairman. In this statement it vas suggested that a disinterested fonm (persons, institutions, or foundations) of unquestioned authority disseminate factual information and data on air pollution under the auspices of the API for publics education on health aspects, both individual and communities. After considerable discussion, action on this suggestion vas tabled. A report vas presented on Mr. Chandler Phillips of Glendale, Calif., by Mr. E. K. Daniels of this subccomittee. He pointed out that Mr. Phillips Is a prolific public speaker and writer as indicated by paper dippings and articles. Mr. Phillips' particular complaint is about the use of TEL and other gasoline additives plus the elimination of catalytic cracking. Mr. Phillips is not an engineer and future statements should discredited. Copies of his statements and refutations by Mr. K. E. Kingman of the Western Oil and Gas Association are attached. Mr. C. S. Jones reported briefly on the activities of the Stocks and Fumes Conmittee. He said that the statement of the MAC of the API on sulphur dioxide received favorable action by their committee. It Is presently being held by the Health and Welfare Committee of the Board of Directors waiting a favorable time for publication. The Stocks and Fumes Committee has been reorganized and their projects have been reduced to two and these involve the effect of automobile exhausts on eye irritation and plant phylotoxicity. The Smoke and Fumes Committee has established a group for public information. This subconmlttee assured Mr. Jones that we would cooperate with the Stooke and Fumes Committee at their request. A general discussion of the status of Rule 2, sulfur content of fuel oil, and proposed Rule 63 on the olefin content of gasoline, vas held. It vas the opinion API 07467 0f the subcommittee that action on these be l e f t to the WOGA. Mr. 3. P. Wheeler, member of the Air Pollution Abatement Committee of the Manufacturing Chemists' Association, requested that the Medical Advisory Committee take under advisement their offer to Join with them in financial and personnel help io any worthwhile air pollution research. No action was taken by the subcomnittee. Dr. Coldblatt's latest progress report was discussed. The subcommittee felt that no action was necessary at this time concerning the printing, distribution, or continuation of Project MC-lt until the subcommittee bad an opportunity to review the final report. The following motion was adopted and carried. The subcommittee recommends to the MAC that following the review of Sr. Goldblatt's final report that the subcommittee be empowered to decide whether or not money in the maximum amount of $5,000 shall be tentatively requested for continu ing a critical interpretive review of the literature (not a compilation) concerned. A number of references concerned with air pollution were recommended as worthwhile information by the chairman. There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned at 1:00 P. M. I move that this report be adopted. Dr. J. C. Ruddock j ) Statement on Air Pollution Amaagan 1 rc-3) Air Pollution to the point of discomfort Is a problem vhich primarily affects ccasu&ltles where there are large numbers of people sad where there are certain meteorological aspects that concentrate the air pollutants locally by the effects of geography, prerailing vinds, Inversions and sunshins. Abatement attempts are being made in local areas, often vldely separated, by the formation of Air Pollution Control Districts. These Districts hare set up s fee standards of quantitative amounts of saute material allowed to escape into the atmosphere. This abatement is attempted to be accomplished by laws and rules for tha purpose of: 1. Elimination of backyard burning. 2. Control of fuel types - especially those containing sulfur. 3. Control of stack effluents sod engine exhausts. 4. Control of storage tanks, manufacturing details and marketing and transportation of petroleum and petroleum products. 5 Establishing "alert" rules when the afemoephere contains excess of certain materials in arbitrary amounts as adopted by the Air Pollution Control District of the locality. 6. Continuous research into cause and elimination of air pollutants. All of these attempts to control air pollution are based on the hypothesis that the conditions which cause: 1) fya smarting and coughing, and 2) Decreased visibility, endanger the health of tha individual and the community. In view of the above chronological development of "smog control", state neats hare appeared in the press made by Individuals, groups, political aspirants and others which are not factual but are alarming in their Innuendoes. These statements and prophecies are not baaed on research findings, bat are merely Individual opinions without scientific knowledge, research Investigation or fact. Apparently those scientists, researchers, engineers or medical authorities who have made extensive studies have not been quoted la the press. It is necessary that some disinterested organisation or institute be selected as a foxun to apeak with unbiased authority on the toxicology and haxarda of air pollution in a factual and realistic manner rather than in a political and emotional manner tainted by an anxiety of a dire ftotare. 9ils is necessary for lay public education and to offset the political aspect of air pollution and the thinking that episodes of discomforting concentrations of air pollutants can be legislated out of existence. It Is requested that this 8ubccsmd.ttee discuss this aspect of air pollution control end that we pass a resolution to the Medical Advisory Committee and the 8soke and Pumas Committee of API to the effect that they join hands and suggest the widespread publicity of factual Information concerning air pollution, so written that It would appeal to toe average newspaper reader and refute statements that are being made blaming the petroleum industry for the aanoysnees of nog. The publicity should detail shat the petroleum Industry has done to API 07469 J ) (C-k) iHninate air pollutant, the amount of noney spent, the high type of products tnat are now offered for sale to the public, and It should furthermore detail rMUtlc amounts of harmful substances that are present In the atmosphere from ill sources and state, If true, that these are usually not to eause either leote or chronic ailments. This statement should be aade based on the concentrated research by many foundations, Institutes sad universities throughout the world Over the past trsral years. This research Is still going on, mich of It at ths expense of the petroleum Industry. If substancss are found in air pollutants which would affect the health of the individual or the community, the petroleum industry ill be In the front, in order to eliminate any noxious substance that It may he responsible for. I would request that this Subcommittee discuss thoroughly such a resolution to be properly worded and submitted to the Medical Advisory Committee and to the Smoke and Pumas Committee and ita various subcoMittees and to the Health and Welfare Committee of the Board of Directors of the API* JCR/dr 3-31-59 API 07470 -w^iler RillUp Eas_t uMmoiunata4i*n Street Jeolnle 7# California > AmoMar 2 Tc-5) urpurpose today 1 to present you with the documented evidence, the reports of pecognlced authorities and certain Irrefutable facts placing the responsibility for ffjx serious air pollution problea on the petroleus industry. I do not clala to be a voice of authority nor aa I attempting to establish a "Phi111. Theory" I have never posed as aa expert although Z aa soaetlnes coqpilaented by ' those who appreciate the extent of my research. I aa only a aan vlth sjj Inquisitive mind who spent eight years doing research which shows how the ehaoass In refining pethods affect the air we breathe. Xt is fact, not theory, gentleoen, that refinery stacks are nov salttlng pollution into our sir that was never before discharged into the air la the history of the refining of petroleua products. Xt is fact, not theory, that the cceipoeltlon of gasolines has changed so radically that pollution Is expelled in substantially greater aaounts frcn autonObllee than as possible vlth prevar fuels. You asy be Interested In that portion of ay background which I believe Is pertinent insofar as ay research Is concerned: I worked five years for the federal govern rot as a special Investigator. Z worked eighteen years for the petroleus Industry, four years as a cbaaist In the Midwest and fourteen years as an engineer 00 the West Coast. During World War 11, Z vas transferred by a aajar petroleun coapany to their Wllalngton Refinery where Z handled the governasnt paper work relative to tbs change in refining nethods which took piece at that tine. Z saw their first catalytic cracker In this area go Into operation. During tbooo war years Z also attended U.B.C. night classes as often as four nights each week whore Z completed pstroleun refining and technology oourses. After the war Z was transferred to their Sac Francisco office where Z worked four years sad Z vas on their Ban Francisco payroll as aa engineer prior to my transfer to 00 Angeles In 19AS. Z was their Burbank District bglneer four years ant when Z left that colony ay title was Los Angeles District Baglneor. Zt Is unusual for a district engineer to have hie projects reported In the Company's Mew York publication celled "Shell Progress". I refer you to page 22 of the March 195b Issue. Z sa registered ns e mechanical engineer and licensed to practice in the State of California. Zt Is a natter of record gentlamn, that 1500 tone of sulfur Is In the crude oil processed In tfcJQi area "Dally". The petrolcue Industry accounts for the xMoral of only 600 tons. Blnce sulrur is a well known air pollution potential whan it Is la any product used for combustion, Z believe we hare the rlt to know hew ouch is left In the products combusted in autontibiles, trucks, buses end the hollars of Industry as well as how ouch Is being expelled froa the refinery stacks. Tour attention la directed to Public Health Bulletin 253 shoring lead eo^ewads retained In the lungs. Please note that nearly cos-half of the lead phosphate la retained In the lungs. TCP: SrlCresyl Phosphate makes lead phosphate when expelled frcn auto exhaust If s leaded gasoline Is used with TCP In It. Examination of the gasoline records show that 22 tone of lead, 6 tone of brenlna, o tons of chlorine with Increasing amounts of phosphorus, guns and tars Is now in ths gasolines used "Dally" In the Loa Angeles araa. API 07471 ) 1 (c-6) 3 M 0 0 PRODUCT OF TOE PETROLEUM DUBIBY RADICAL CHABCB8 HI REFTOTOQ MSraODS ARP REWKERY PRODUCTS DURIBO WORE) WAR H caused cur serious air pollution in Southern California. This 1 t world-wide pro* blew wherever you find refineries operating catalytic cracker without the proper ooetrole or the widespread use of the catalytically cracked fuel. MAJOR SOURCES OF AIR POLLUIAHTB: 1. REFIHERIE8, 2. OASOLIXES, 3. MDUBffilAL FUELS, k. DIESEL FUELS FOR TRUCKS AKD BUSES. COMPARISOH OF REFIMERY METHODS: fORMBR HBTHOD: THERMAL CRACKIBO. We had cracked gasolines prior to World War II: ~ 1. The gasoline was cracked in tightly enclosed chsebers here none of the dangerous gases escaped into our air. 2. The gasoline vaa treated with a 900 sulfuric acid vhlch reaoved: sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen coapounds and certain reactive hydrocarbons which would have reacted in sunlight to create osons if they had not been reaoved. 88 LEAD WAS WEEDED BECAUSE THE OASQLIBB WAS CLEARER. jytfluw *^TBDD: CATALYTIC CRACKPO. The change to this type of cracking procsss ~~ caused reflnerles'to beccoe a aajor source of air pollution because: 1* The gasoline is cracked by a process where dangerous gases, sulfur coepoundx etc., ere expelled froa refinery stacks high la the sir. These pollutants are heavier than air and aettle down upon us. Thay are allowed to expel from these stacks over 200 tlaes the safe breathing Halt of sulfur dioxide. Although these eadsslons have tins to dissipate acaewbat before they settle down upon us, these Halts Should be reduced at least fifty percent. 2. The 90jb sulfuric acid treatment was DIflCOHTIBUED. leaving acre dirty burning, eaneer farming isgurlties in the fuel sad also aore reactive hydrocarbons rsasln in the fuel which ornate osons when they react la sunlight* MORE HAD IB lESTKD TM t m egE HMCR PPOC CAUSED BY THE FAILURE TO CHAM UP THE F >m m m s a tbe mvano* or the catalytic cracker told the fsbwieon h du w s y that it WOUID CAUSE AS FOLLUITOH. Be said they turned down his controls because they were costly and non-productive. (Printed In the Pasadena Independent end witnessed by the Mger sad City Manager of Pasadena.) Tbs inventor's controls are in use successfully in sons other areas. MDgRH METHOD: HYOBOCRACKIIP. (ia succsssfull operation in sons other areas.) 1. This aetEoS Is the most beneficial for all concerned because it increases the yield free each barrel of crude oil. 2. Reduces air pollution because It renoves tbe dirty burning Isgurlties,* saturates the reactive hydrocarbons vlth hydrogen, asking then non-reactive in sunlight; increases the beat content of the fuel causing aore ccagleta combustion. Tbe gasoline is cracked in enclosed chambers and the pollutant are EOT expelled into the air. API 07472 V* # (C-7) ^rSlifornU AUTO EXHAUST DEVICES BECAUSEl tact derie* to alllions of autonomies to do a Job that should ter boon 1. ,t tb refinery. derlee ad afterburners viU not destroy total pollutant expelled frt* ** gjto bauet* m win purpose of the exhaust devices is to burn that snail portion of gaso3* r^gg escape* uhburned fron the exhaust because it contains a grot? of hydrooarboos vkLch nake ozooe In sunlight. This la Impractical for mo yesons. 1, Exhaust devices viil not control the larger snounts of reactive hydro carbons that escape by evaporation from the gaa tack and also the carburetor which is about four tlass greater than the anount that escapes fron the exhaust. 2. Tbeee reactive hydrocarbons oca either te resowed at tte refinery as they vers renovsl in our prewar fuels or they can be node non-reactive by nore aodsrn refining nethods. In sitter process 11 thres sources of snog fomers fron the autoooblle are controlled. k, Auto devices will net destroy tte pollution fron tte combustion of gasoline. Vhich contains tte cancer faming notarial uaed by Dr. #aul KoEln of U.8.C. ho exposed nice to auto exhaust causing akin and lung cancer. He reported In tbs L. A. Exaninar "Auto exhaust is our greatest and our nest ccmon source af known cancer foaming naterlal." Why teve a device which will not destroy all cf those canesr foraing naterlsls which could te substantially reduced at the refinery! J. fcteust devices and aftartaraors cannot destroy tte usburnablea: Tte impurities which should bo ranovsd fron tte gasoline at tteaflnoryi Bulfur nitrogen p m and tars. If tte gasoline is properly refined it is unnecessary te adA tbs poisonous additives of lead phosphorous tronias chlorins found in our present day futls. Ttess lnpuritlee and additives sad their cGrounds eon te classified as tte uoburnablea, b poor actonobiln netor a niaiature cracker that ereatas its own "aaeg formers"! Zaaaanswer that nation by asking: 'Mas your ear a ntnlature cracker when we M prewar fualat m teve always had a portion of tte gaaollns expelled fron auto bwst ueburnad aver since tte invention of the gasoline notor. It is tte gasoUae that has rhanged not tte combustion process of your notora. ** bear very little about tte report of Dr. Mader at tte AFCD wherein it is stated ** ^re is a "substantial reduction" in tte reactive type hydrocarbons when they renewed or a "refamed" gasoline la uaed. In checking tte composition of tte used in that test even a acre substantial reduction could te found if they r*J4 a tetter fuel. You hear very little about this report a eopy of which t.7** y files. Apparently tte APCD prefers to foster off a gadget for tte ,*u*iP* of autcnobllas. API 07473 rI BEWARE OF DOUBLE TAIK AND TRICKERY (C-8) "Snog* 1 ocw a "trick" vord which 1b confuting to the public because the local boys" changed lta waning to suit themselvesi21 When the APCD or the oil wn tai* of "smog" frees auto exhaust, they no longer naan total pollutanta frcm the combustion of gasoline.'2.' They are talking only about the smll amount of gasoline that escapes UNBURKED. Their "snog" from auto exhaust does NOT include sulfur, lead, etc. Auto devices or afterburners are for the single purpose of burning that small per centage of gasoline that always has escaped unburned from auto exhaust. These devices will not destroy the sulfur, lead, phosphorous, nor any of their ccspounde expelled from the combustion of gasolines. Would you want a water purifier on ash faucetm Ask your APCD or oil msn if afterburners will destroy the cancer forming material used by Dr. Paul Kotin who produced akin and lung cancer in aloe by expoelng them to auto exhaust. Ask Dr. Kotin if the sew amount of cancer forming materiel escapes from auto exhaust when the dirtiest burning gasollw Is used when eospered with gasoline that haa been cleaned up with the 90jb aulfurlo acid treatwst. That question lias gone unanswered all these years. VEIT Dr. Eaagen Balt, la his 1952 report, pinpointed the troublemakers (olefins) In present day gasolinea that vlU react in sunlight to create oaow. He made smog la his laboratory. Aak him if ha can make the awe wount of smog with present day gasolines before end after the 90)1 aulfurlo acid treatment. That question has gone unanswered ell these yews. WHIT You hear very little about the report of Dr. Nader of APCD who reports e "substan tial reduction" in olefins In auto exhaust whan they are removed or a "refcrwd" fuel is used. TEE FOUXJVn TESTS SEVER HAVE SEEK MADE AND HEVHt WILL S MMS URTL TBS PUBLIC EBKAHD6 BBMi "TESTS FOB TOTAL F0LU7TAIHB IK OCR AIR" as followsi 1. Testa for total pollutanta In our air should ba made on wtlveted carbon filter to ceteh the dangerous gaaes, in addition to thalr present methods. 2. Zbest testa should be made at breathing levels 5 or 6 feet above treat level. . During peak traffic hours (7:30 to 9:00 A.M. - hs30 to 6:00 P.K.) on WEEKDAYS. . At corner loeatlons where traffic la heaviest. 5. Teats ^ould be made on the days when we have the greatest amount of air pollu tion and compared with the results of tests on days when we have the elaaa- eat air. 6. Auto exhaust tests should ba wda for TOTAL FULL0ZAH8 with fuels before and after the 960 sulfuric wld treatment. Rood tests where air la clean. RBCOUCKDATIOWB By Initiative petition, the citisene can place on the ballot the weessary laws to control the major sources of air pollution In Loa Angeles:21 1. Reduce the w ount of pollution tae refineries ere now allowed to expel. 2. Twenty-four hour recorder* on the STACKS OF RETIHPIE8 showing e continuous. record of total pollutanta expelled (especially sulfur ccnpounds). API 07474 J 1 (c-9) - 2- MXHtnBMnmat (coot'd) 3, Install standby faelUtiss to take over when scavenger plants break down, specifications for ninlii sulfur and other lnpurltiee la gasollaes, trial fuels aad diesel fuels. 3, Sulfur content la all crude oil nust be accounted for by each refinery. 6, AH APCD records aust be available to the public. 7. Ellsdnate all netalllc poisonous additives in gasolines used in L.A. CLEAR BURHUO, HIOB OCTAHE OASOLZRE WITHOUT LEAD OR ART 039 ADOTTIVE IS MARKETED BY TBi AMERICAR OIL COMMI EXFRE88LY FOR MDEBW HOB C0KRB88I0R 1OT0R8. desoline used DAILY In this area contains 22 tons of lead, 8 tons of brcndne, 8 tons of chlarinTand ROW 3SE POISONOUS PHOSPHOROUS: See Public Health Bulletin 2$3. These poisons cannot be destroyed by burning aad nearly one-half of the lead phosphate la retained In the lunge. TCP: TrlCreeyl Jfeoaphate ' vedi AS FRANCIS PACKARD OF PASAEBA BOW THE SCAVENGER FLAWS SEAKDCMB C0RRELA3S WITH OUR KE00REP HEAVIEST SKO DAYS. See Mbgner White' "Snog-We're Loelng the Battle -- end Why!" Where be reported that the stack aedsalooa frcn every refinery atack bad to be TB-IVALUASID" beceuee thoee record ere nleelng iron tbe APCD filaell! Hear Chandler Phllllpa expoea tba bidden truth about our nog prefclen. Thar la no charge for bis talks or these bulletins. API 07475 %STATMWT BT XSSHETH S. KINCUAX A **S2!** chahv In 0? ras air poilotion control viMima 1 10i OF THE WESTERN OIL AND GAS ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE LOS ANGELES CITT COUNCIL -- FEBRUARY 2$, 1959 flrt Wyman and gantlmean of tha Councilt Before going further, pias *ccpt my thank for this opportunity to eay a littl nor. I had a copy, aa you no doubt guessed, of Nr. Phillipa1 pres* release oa the day preceding hi speech. With that in alad I prepared a few remarks. But short reply with no chart and no stunte, is not a full answer to a long speech ocaplete with both charts and stunts. With that in mind I am going to try to ftoswer Mr. Phillipa in more detail. What Nr. Phillipa has said in effect, is that the oil industry la deliber ately and intelligently engaged in a systematic program of poisoning all its customers. It will be my purpose to indicate that this is not so. In that con nection, I propose to make the following points* Firstt The oil industry has competent and qualified people in its employ so that it can determine the effects of its operations. Miere special qualifica tions have been required it has gone out and hired experts in order to make certain that its products were not only as good as possible but as safe as possible for the public. The industry oaa only sell its products to lire motorists not dead motor ists. Secondt It is to the interest of the industry to haws the smog situation cleared up. It has evidenced that interest by inventing wholly new machinery for that purpose. Where the answers to particular questions have been unknown it has proridad funds to support the research necessary. Virile providing tha nonty for research it has followed a strict hands off policy with respect to influencing in eay way the results of reeeereh. Third Since what you are being asked to do it to believe that Nr. Fhillioa la right, and tha raat of the world is wrong, I am going to have to eey something bout Mr. Phillips' qualifications. API 07476 Fourth I am going to take up specifically each of Nr. Phillips' charges, with respaet to the poisons which he says the industry is anlttlng into tha atmos phere. '  # -1-A- (C-H) Tbti of cours! is the essentiel pert of this stetenent. But unless I firrt tell you who Mr. Phillips is, end whet we hews done, you won't be in e position to weigh the eridence thet Mr. Phillips hes not stuck to the feets, API 07477 (C-12) Mr. Phillips has been engaged in presenting his interesting theory of mog formation to a number of citric groupb throughout southern California for general years and we haw largely ignored his presentation in the belief that he is probably sincere and essentially harmless, but when he appears bofore you gieflfeers of the City Council, who ue know are seriously concerned with the welfare of oteryboty in this ;ity, and deliberately accuses the oil industry of poisoning your air. then we feel it is imperative that we not only de our beet to protect c.vr industry from this unjustified and inaccurate attack, but aleo do our best to bring before you the true facts of the situation. I believe that Mr. Phitlipo' presentation to you lart week wae in teresting although it certainly smacked of a 'msHeine show. 1 His allowing of ,,i?ny charts and quoting of statisticc may have been effective. Because of the great Importance of this matter to all of us, we feel we met get to the true heart of the matter, even though we do not spare Mr. Phillips' feeling?-. Tirctt I went Ic talk about refinery personnel and the special consultant! we use. I think this is important. We are charged by Mr. P.ullips with poisoning the population. Our people don't think they are. Ar they and the consultants they use competent? Do we take proper medical and scientific precautions? The best illustration 1 car give In answer to thess question involves an ermplt from Mr. Phillips' speech. I think you may reranter that Mr. Fnillipe refvrrsd several times to a product kia/wn as trxorcoylpncsphatc, known as r.C.t'. foi *hort. He said that T.C.P. was poisoncuu, and that it imdn lead nor* poisonous. T.C.r. is sn additive to gasolines. Iufors telling you what the oil ccmpaiy which makea it did, I am geirg 1 API 07478 i - 3- * (c-13> to ask you gentlemen: what would you do if you wanted to determine whether or not a product could be used without danger to the public? I would suggest that you could do nothing better than to submit It to one of the experts on poisons, one of the toxicologists on the staff of on of our universities, and ask him for his report, and be governed by It. That is exactly what was done. I have here an affidavit which I will hand to the Council as soon as I have read It to you. It reads as follows: AFFIDAVIT State of California City and County of San Francisco Charles H. Hlne, being first duly sworn, deposes and says (1) that he is an Associate Clinical Professor of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Toxicology at the School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, (2) that in the years 1953 and 1955 he carried out extensive toxicity tests on tricrecylpbosphate as a result of which he concluded that tricrecylphospbate as used in gasoline is not hasardous or toxic, (3) that if all tricrecylpbosphate in gasoline were to appear in the exhaust fro* a motor vehicle, this would not exceed recognised safe Halts for this substance. In 1953 in conjunction with the said studies, he requested and obtained engineering data in order to determine what products would be formed by the ooabustion of trierecylphosphate in gasoline containing tetraethyllead and ascertained that all trlorecylphosphate is eonsusad in ooabustion in the engine, that it eosbinss with lead to foza lead phosphate, a material which naturally occurs in the bones and is a relatively harmless material, end that no tonic phosphorus compounds are produced in its combustion, and (U) that tricrecylpbosphate is so harmless that it is a component of plastics. Churls H Hlne M. D. API 07479 i - li - gubscribed and worn to before me, girirence C, Hackl . a Notaiy Public, in and for the City and County of San Francisco, this 20th date of February 1959. fa commission expires July 21, 1962 (C-14) API 07480 * - 5 I (0-15) I suppose that since Mr. Phillips has said that trierefylphosphste is and Dr. Bins has said that it is net, you nay wish to balaaea Doctor Hina's ^jifieatlons as against those of Mr. Phillips. I an, therefore, gsing ta read the ^.ttf's qualifications to you. They read as follows* Qualifications of Dr. C. H. Bins Professional Trainings 1937 B.A, in Chemistry, St. Norbert's College, Wisconsin 1936 M.A, in Chemistry, University of Wisconsin 19t2 Fh.D. in Toxicology, University ef Wisconsin 19b3 M.D., University of Wisconsin 1955 Board qualified Occupational Medicine Membership la Scientific 4 Professional Societiest American Industrial Hygiene Association American Chemical Society Industrial Medical Association Academy of Occupational Medicine Armed Foroes Chmeleal Association American Public Health Asseoiatlon College cf Preventivo Medilas California Medical Association American Medical Association Society for Fhanaoology k Ixperimectal Therapeutics Present positions* Associate Clinical Professor of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Toxicology, University ef California School of Medioine Associate Clinical ftrofesscr ef Public Health, all casposas, University ef California Consultant to Ststs of California, Dspartaent ef Publio Haalth, in the fioide of toxicology end air pollution Have oenduoted and directed researoh for twenty years la ths fiald of toxicology. Author of over 100 scientific pepare. . Independent medical Commission. for ths California Industrial Accident Presently directing research en a U.S. Public Health Ssrvlce grant to determine the health effeote of air pollution at the University ef California. API 07481 ) . 6- ^ {C_l6) If you go out and see our refineries, and va hope you will, you will find the paraoaa la charge are graduates of the finest universities in the country ^ fields such as petroleum engineering, chemistry, physios and the like. Tou will that some of the finest laboratories la the country are maintained by the ell Aistry here. We should like to let you judge this for yourselves, and ve invite oh of you to go through our plants, and meet our people, to eeoertala for your>eXvee their experience and their qualifications, end the facilities they have, I think you will conclude they are competent. Second la it to the intareat of tha oil iaduatry to prevent air pollution? jjjts we tried? If our people are not incompetent, and, as Nr. Rilllipe chargee, we are poisoning you, ws must be poisoning you on purpose - presumably for profit. Lat us then ask the blunt question - la snag profitable? Va have seventeen refineries in this basin. For eaoh, Lee Angelas is the aost important end most convenient market. Sverythlag that interferes with the growth of this area ooets us money. Smog interfere, end mog is hard on our people. lbs people, from the president and vice-presidents on down, mho operate the refineries here, live In this basin. They have to breath tha ease sir wbloh you do, 1 think yon should be able to believe that they do not wish to poison themselves. Perhaps it is Hr. Phillips1 notion that we ere simply unwilling to spsnd the money needed to follow his theorise. Actually, it is not our money that would be wsstedj rather it is the pubUe's. The loseetmeats we make in our refineries, whether to make gasolines, or to prevent Mog, end the coat of operating them, ooatrol the ooets of gasoline. API 07482 1 - 7- (c-17) itopP*'* cata^rtlc craiing, the oil congjanies would not pay for the orange. oil industry has to charge for its products, and it has to mice a reasonable hile we are so doing. If, at the behest of Mr. Phillips, the district efi* foolish and unnecessary rules with respect to refining, the effect is to op* i ggt which raise the prioe of gasoline - becoming in effect Mr. Phillips I** * The real proof that the oil Industry has sought to do what it can is to w found in its record. I hate here two documents which set forth that record. First, there Is the report entitled "Emissions To The Atmosphere from petroleum Refineries in Los Angeles County" prepared by the United States Public feslth Sendoe, the Los Angeles County Air Pollution District, the Stats of Cali fornia Deportment of Public Health, and tha Western Oas & Oil Association. The report runs to one hundred pages or more, and I ha a copy of it here. It was issued in 1958* Ob Page h, the report etateei "At the present time the petroleum refinerie* in Loe Angeles County haws the lowest emissions to the atmosphere of any segment of the industry in the country because of control programs.* Next, I haws here a report to the State Legislature submitted by Ife*. Chose, who is the Chief Engineer of the Air Pollution Control District. The surety is entitled "Progress Report on Industrial Controls". Hero is whet it says about our oil Industryi "Vapor losses from hydrocarbon storage tanks haws been curbed through enforcement of fail $6. enacted in 1953. The first control measure of Its feroe to be enacted anywhere in the world, the rule specified that ell tanks,of greeter than UO.OOO gallon capacity must be controlled when they API 07483 I ) - 8- (C-18) ar+ used for the storage of t petroleum distillate hairing a vapor pressure r pounds per squaw inch absolute or greater. Thi* am rule has rasultad In t reduction of hydrocarbon vapor losses of approximately 250 tons per day. It affects some $00 tanks and 16,000,000 barrels of storage capacity. The degree of conpllanoe is 100 per cent. Several years ago, great clouds of black smoke were released from emergenoy flares whenever they were used to bum the excess gas surges created ty upset or ebnormal refinery operations. Some of the first smokeless emergency flares in the nation were designed, proved by axperlmsnta- tion. and built in toe Angeles County. After their development, they were adopted and installed throughout the refining Industry in Los Angeles County. Smoke emissions from this particular source ha\e not just bsen reduced they have been eliminated. Attempts to control oil^ffluent water separators began in 1953 and led to the enactment of Rule $9 in 19$$. Requirlnf the control of separators, this rule has been effective in preventing the emission of malodars end approximately 100 tons per day of hydrocarbons. Compliance with the rule is 100 per oent and, so far as is knows, this, too, is the area of the United States in which controls for separators are required and used. Rule 6l, vhioh was adopted in 1956, requires that hydro carbon vapors from large volume loading of gasoline into tank trucks be col lected and disposed of in an approved system. Approximately 30 tons per day of hydrocarbons now are prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere during loading operations. There is no other area where vapor losses from gasoline loading are prevent ed in this way and, in fact, controls did not exist prior to their develop ment here. API 07484 - 9 ft i (C-19) Catalytic cracking unita in most other refining i n n can be Identified from afar by thair emission of catalyat duat or a persistent plume. Electrical precipitators and centrifugal collactcra ara almost uni versally used here for catalyat duat collection and such locate arc no longer a problem. Cb fluid catalytic cracking unita, carbon monoxide waste boat boilers are being installed. There are six fluid catalytic cracking unite in the County* Of the four largest, one is already equipped with a carbon monoxide waste beat boiler and two others are teing so equipped. In recent years, all vacuum jets (onoe responsible for emissions of 17 tons per day of hydrocarbons) have been controlled by con densation followed by the burning of nonoondensable vapors, light hydrocarbon vapor losses froa centrifugal puqpa with packed gland seals have been reduced r from 3$ tons per day to 5 tons per day. This has been acoMf>llshsd through their replacement or conversion to meohenieal seal punps. Accumulator vent* and relief valvee now are vented to reoovery systems or other approved dis posal eyeterns. Other problem emissions oontrolled include the oxidation of tour water or the conversion of the eamonia contaminant to aamonium sulfate end the hydrogen sulfide to sulfur." API 07485 I 10 - (C-20) ^ Phillip has id that Los Angelas ha the worst refineries in the 40d thrior m amog* now 18 trii8 * rcnciled with the fact Angel*9 refinwie were the first in the world subject to rules governing JOJIM froa storage Unto; the first in the nation to haw smokeless flares; . <n the United States to control oil^ietsr separators; and is the only tie 2ft hydrocarbon losses during loading operations are controlled. How ie p te reconciled with the fact that unlike most areas, we have electric stator on our caUlytic oractor tUeln. Mr. Phillips has also said a good deal about sulphur, and I therefore at to reed to you what Mr. Chaas says cn Page 7 of his reports "Today Lot Angelas is the only major petroleum refining center that has aeoo^lished substantial control over sulphur oxide emissions." i\ ii API 07486 ^ 11 (C-21) I ` > To put the wttep as simply * possible, where there was aomethij* which help ** h*v* dooa it* w have not, however, spent your money pursuit the of Mr. Phillips* If Mr. Phillips' suggestions made any sense we would follow th*** At this point, it seems to me, you would naturally be pussled. Mr. Phillips ^ jpresented himself to he s chemist and engineer of eighteen year*' eroerlence yj petroleum refining. Why, you must wonder, la there thie conflict in opinion? could such e person be completely wrong? I personally care nothing about Mr. Phillips' past. But I don't sse how you can understand what he haa done, without knowing something about it. Therefore, lmat eay a little. Mr* Phillips' prate release, which wee reed when he was introduced, reads it follows* "You may be interested in that portion of ay background which I believe it pertinent insofar as ay research la concerned* I worked five years for the Federal Oovernwent as e special In vestigator. I worked eighteen years for the Petroleum Industry, four years as e chemist in the midwest and fourtaen year as an Engineer on the West Coast. During World War 11, I was trans ferred by a major petroleum company to their Wilmington Refinery where I handled the Oovernwent neper work relative to the change la refining methods which took piece at that time. I sew their first Catalytic Cracker in this area go into operation. During tboae war yeera I also attended U.S.C. night classes as often ee four nights eeeh week where I completed petroleum refining end technology courses. After the war I was transferred to their Sen Francisco office where I worked four year end I was on their Sen Francisco payroll aa an anglnaar prior to ay transfer to Lee Angeles in 19U8. I was their Burbank District Engineer four years and when I left that company my title wee Los Angeles District Engineer." API 07487 I - 12 - (C-22) Mr. Phillips states, first, that he worked for four years as a chemist in the Mid-West before he cane out to California. Did he ever work as a chemist? Vjhsn he came here he asked for work with an oil company here. Then, on July 2lt, 19kl) Mr* Phillips executed an employment application which purported to set forth his qualifications. The third line of that application calls for "Occupations in which you are expert". He gives three, and I quote, first, "draftsman"t second, 'Accounting"} third, "Electrician and machinist". On the reverse side of the application he states in detail his working experience. It reads as follows: API 07488 ? (c-23) T - 13 - "During the period Oct, 1939 to July 191*0, I was engaged in Public Accounting Work* Attended Oak Cliff High School (1921-192$) Dellas Texas. While attending High School I studied drafting A Chemistry and worked evenings 6*28 6--30 and Saturdays as a draftsman for the Trinity Lumber Co. of Dallas Texes* 6-30 After two years with this company I went with the Southern Ornamental Iron Wks, where I worked as Draftsman as well as layout man in the shop. After about 2 years this oompany moved to Arlington Texas and I was ployed by Weaver Ore Iron of Dallas, as a draftsman, I have not been unemployed at any tine in excess of three months and there have been no unpleasant circumstances in connection with my employment, I am familiar with all types of Oil Field Construction work as I can perform Electrioal, Mechanical It Carpentry work and have been connected with the field construction work in e number of capacities*" t is a photocopy of that application for you, There is no mention of any rlaztoe as a chemist. What of his subsequent experience? Re states that he was a "District Engineer" for an oil company here. What .district engineer? I have here the company's statement of duties of a district near. It is two pages long, and I am not going to reed it all. The gist of it hat a District Engineer is a person who plans and supervises construction, ir, painting and maintenance of gas stations. It is possible that Mr. Phillips merely proves again the ancient adage a little knowledge is a dangerous thing. API 07489 % } - Ill - (C-2k) Mr. Phillips left his last employer in the oil industry after a dispute th them. I don't think the merits of that dispute are material here. The fact rightly or wrongly, he felt unjustly treated may help to understand him* I do not think, under the olrcwstances, that it is merely a coincidence tut he gives top billing in his speeoh to trlcrecylphosphate, which is a product 0{ hi> lest employer. With this information, I leave it to you to oonslder the origin of It, Phillips' personal battle with the oil industry* API 07490 ) J - 15 - (C-*5j Fourth; With this background in mind, I want to talk about the fpteific "poisons" which hr.Phillips says that the oil industry is putting into the sir. First; Here, again, is what he sqrs: "Examination of the gasoline records show that 22 tons of lead, 8 tons of bromine, 8 tons of chlorine with increasing amounts of phosphorous, gums and tars is now in the gasolines used "DAILY" in the Los Angeles area." Since Mr. Phillips spent a groat deal of hit tins talking about lead, let us look at lead first. So far as I understand it, what Mr. Phillips says is that laad is a poison, md therefore lead should not ba put in gasoline. Certainly, lead is s poison in the sense that one ahould not eat lead. Howerer, one cannot drink gasoline either. Thia is hardly a test. What does determine the use of lead then? The world contains may materials which are not dangerous in light dosss, but are dangerous in largs. Aspirin is an example. The question is how much is too much? Mow lead compound* hams bean used for paint) for medical pur pose) for batteries) and for other purpose for hundreds of years. The scientists know what tolermnoas are safs, and what oampounda are dangerous. I gams you those tolerances when I spoke last weak. In that connection, I would now like to ask you to look briefly at a chart I have here. You will aeo the vast differenes between tbs waTtwm allowable and the percentage found in Los Angslss air. Mr. Phillips has also, and repeatedly, said that there is acre laad in the gasoline in Loe Angeles than elsewhere in the United Stats. API 07491 I -16- 1 (C-86) In order to eliminate aty doubt on this point, I heto brought along the two publication of the U. S. Bureeu of Mines which cower their surveys of lead in geeoline. For the Summer of 1958, the figures for lead in regular gasoline are as follow*t The Los Angeles figure is 1.33 mLlelitere per gallon. The awerage for all areas is 1.87 milelitert per gallon. Our average was over 255 lower, not higher. Oh premia* gasoline, all areas were very close together. The average for all areas was 2.US sdleliters per gallon, and oure was 2.65, or about 1*5 above the average. Taking premium and regular together, most of the country used nor* lead than Los Angeles. The figures are not exactly the case for winter, but the pattern is the sane. I would appreciate your looking at the actual figuree, so that this is net left on s simple basis of conflict between Mr. Phillips and wyeelf. In addition to lead, Mr. Phillips eosylaina of ths intrusion of 6 tons of ehlorlnB s day. Now I don't know whart Mr. Phillips gets this figure from, tat, right or wrong, this figure is a perfect exsmpls of the manner in idilch an uninformed person eaa beaoa eonfused. everyone knows chlorine was used as a poison gas during World War I. That, no doubt, it why Mr. Phillips mentions it. An informed person would reneaber also that every drop of water oonsuaed in Loe Angelee County la treated wLth chlorine ae a disinfectant, Tou will aleo rtmasbar that aaeh day each of us uses sodium chloride on our food. He smy aleo atop and remsdber that one'a API 07492 i (C-*7) - 17 use odium hypoehlorite, which rtluNi gaseous chlorine, as a household bleach, and nearly every swimming pool in the county is purified in the cam way, Chlorine is a material which, in extreae concentration, can be deadly, lightly ^entrated, it is an effective disinfectant, and a friend to nan. No one has iver found aiy significant amount of chlorine in Los Angeles air. This is dust (ears talk. Broaine is in the same class as chlorine. Sons of you My reaeafeer that it used to be said that the best cure for a hangover was to take a bromide. finally, there ia Sulphur: With respect to sulphur, I can perhaps best quote the report of the Governor's Special Corodttee on Air Pollution. Its Chairmsn was Or. Arnold 0. Beckman, of Paaadona. Its Banters were: Dr. A. J. Haagan-SmLt, Professor of Biochemistry, California Instituta of Tachnology; Dr. Joseph Kaplan, Head of Depertmazxt of Meteorology, O.C.L.,..; Dr. L. Reed Brantley, Head of Department of ChNdstry, Ooeldsntalj Dr. John J. Poole, Head of Department of Science and Metheaatice, John Muir College, Pasadena. What it said was simply: "In most eosaunitles affected by air pollution, wlfur dioxide has bean a significant contaminant. Because of the activities of the District and the cooperation of industry, the sulfur dioxide content of the air in Loa Angela# County has now boon reduced below the 191*0 level. 8ulfur dioxide is not now a major problem." API 07493 * * (c-*e) I submit that the opinions of these gentlemen ere entitled to u much ,,eight as 1 that of Mr. Phillips - perhaps a little more. So much for Mr. Phillips "poisons". What remains of his Tiews? I -19 1 (C-tf) Mr* Phillip has also expand! bob tine on catalytic cracking I think it night wlp if I explained hat oraekinc la* and hat it doea. Gasoline is not a single compound. Zt is composed of a number of hydrocarbons, A hydrocarbon is slnply a compound mads op of hydrogen and carbon The difference l^tween hydrocarbons depends on the nunber of atons of oarbon and the nunber of atons ef hydrogen in the oompound, and the way in which they are TInked together Many hydroearbons are heavier and have a higher boiling point than we need These we break apart, into lighter hydroearbons. This is called cracking In a tbenul cracker, heat alone is used In a catalytlo cracker, tbs fcydroeaitoone are heated in the presence of a catalyst. There is no eesential difference in the prooeee lire that one is nore efficient than the other In both processes, the outside sir is exoluded oarefully from the cracking proesss for, if the air as not axeludsd, aft tbs temperatures involved, the cracker would explode There are eons mechanical differences Very briefly, the ohlef one is this* In a catalytic cracker, oarbon eolleota on the catalyst in the fbm of coke This has to be burned off of ths oatalyst This is done in hat is called a regenerator There is no essential diffhranoa between this regeneration prooeaa and any otbar process where you burn a oarbon containing foal aa, for example, hen yon burn ooal Catalytlo cracking is net a significant factor to air pollution In order to clear up any nisundaratanding on this account, I have here a chart which shows contri bution of a catalytic crackar as against ether sources. Hf figures are based en ths joint survey eoadneted by the U. 3 State Department of Heelth, the Air Pollution Control District, sad ths ell induetry. API 07495 * -2 0 - I (C-30) thsre is tbs qu**tion of exhaust control*. In the oil industry, our objoot ha* beam to put our own houtt In order, not v eoewBt on th* product* of th* *uto industry. To tha extent, howerer, that Mr. fillips says "you don't n**d auto axhauat controls, what you n**d la nor* regulations 00 th* refineries", ha has put us in a position wbar* w* cannot balp saying something exhaust controls. Ar* exhaust controls useful? Mr* Fhlllipo started his speech Thursday, by quoting a 19S2 article by Bsafen-Snlt. I can best answer by quoting e later artlols, entitled "The Control of Air Pollution In Los Angelas" by A. J. Haagsn-dmlt (Engineering and Solano* Monthly), printed in Deeanber, 195k* What be said was as followst "The other large source of hydrocarbons is automobile exhaust. The exhaust contains both ingredients for tbs promotion of *mog-- hydrocarbons and cocldaa of nitrogen-- and this ready-made alxture girts all of tbs typical snog symptoms upon irradiation with sunlight." Again, I hare bare tha exact article. You would All profit by reading it. Like opinions oaa be quoted alaoet ad infinitum. I knew of no one who baa conducted any research on amof who dose not feel that auto exhaust is tbs key to tbs problea, and an afterburner appears to be the only answer. In that behalf, I again quota Or. Baagan-Snit fire the same articlei Tbs nain ingredients that we went to rearers from the esfaaust by such dericee ere of hydrocarbon nature, end the only practical war to r*more them is bar combo*tie. At tbs present tins, two so-called "afterburners" shew definite premiss." API 07496 -21- (C-31) Finally, I coma to ac m atuata. Mr* Phillipa put on two "stunta". In tha first plica, ha haa put ac m sulphuric acid in two gaaoliaaa. ill thla taat previa la that you should net put sulphuric acid in your yaaolina. In the aaeond stunt, Mr* Phillipa haa two lnapa, one containing what bo saya ia a white unleaded gasoline, and tha other containing the gaaoline ordinarily burned here. Concerning this, I have two obaervationa to maka* The first ia that very tiM Mr. Phillipa doea it, he risk* hia cwn life, and that of everyone preaent. Qaaoliao ia not a safe fuel to burn in * IMP. In the early days of refining, whan kerosene leaps were cannon, serious accidents were caused by the mixture of even e null amount of gaeoline into kerosene. The second observation I have ia that any gasoline een be burned without moke if the supply of air be properly adjusted to the supply of gasoline. All that Mr. Phillipa' dmonstration proves is that he had the wick toe long on the ooe lav, and cut to the right length on the other. Mr. Phillipa haa suggested that because Loa Angelas products have more high boiling range hydroearbone than other areas do, we ara giving you "dirty tall ends", Tha idee is nonsense-- this idee seems to bo tha outgrowth of some exu berant advertising by an Eastern refinery. Oeeoline ia e blend of different hydro carbons - different oompounda. Seme hydroearbone are like water in that they will bell with temperatures around 212 degrees. Same ere like alcohol in that they will boll at very low tenperaturaa. Some are like mercury in that you have to beet them to very high temperature* before they will boil Veter, which ia e high boiling point material, ia not dirtier then alcohol, which is a low boiling material. In gasoline, s q m low boiling point materials are used, so that there will be vapor in your engine on e cold morning, and your oar will start. High boiling point materials are blended ao that * portion of tha gaaolina will not readily vaporise in hot API 07497 1 - 22- (0-32) _ _ Tf *11 of it would vaporise easily, your car would rapor-lock the moment *#*** jo* started it up. The mixture of each has nothing to do with cleanliness or dirtiness. I should add that the Bureau of Hines pamphlets I gave you a little while I also show the end boiling points of Faelflc Coast gasoline* and gasolines ilfewhere. There is no substantial difference. API 07498 ) -23- (C-33) By my of conclusion, it seena*to ns that m should perhaps depart iron the orld of fantasy, and deal again with sene of the concrete facts of air pollution. It seams to m that you nay very well want to knar precisely hat is the part of tb oil industry in air pollution. With that in mind, Z hare prepared hero a large gbart which shove the relative amount of each of the principal materials that go into the air from other sources as compared with refinery emissions* I think you yill note that becauee of the controls that have been put on the refineries, we bate come to be a very small part of the whole, and we are still reducing that part. Thank you. API 07499 Tc-3*) STATEMENT ET KENNETH E. ON3MAN, CHAIRMAN OF THE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL COfWTTRE OP THE WESTERN OIL AND QAS ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE HEALTH Ai SA7ETT COMOTT1E OF THE LOS ANGELES CUT COUNCIL MARCH 21*, 1X9 OiiitlAWm It is w understanding that this ecmittee is considering a resolution filing for a Grand Jury inquiry into all aspects of the saog probit. I want to say for the oil industry, that we would weIcone suoh an investigation. We think the solution of tbs snog probit is difficult enough, van without all the confusion, niaunderstanding and superstition that exists about it. There has been an intense anount of work done by industry, by dependent researohere, by the Air Pollution Control District, by Federal scientists, and b? the scientists of our universities to find out what causes asog, and what cures it. Despite ell this, smog has net bean cured, The result is, the peojfls feel that nothing has been dons. It is our desire that all the light possible be shed on this, end we think e Grand Jury investigation night help. When I was here last, I spoke largely by way of answer to the chargee of Hr. Phillips* I expect he will say pretty such whet he said before. I don't think it dll he helpful if J aay over again etiat I said then. Rather, what I would libs to do is talk about what gasoli! is, and what it does and doss not contribute to snog. ' Whet X would like to do is toll you e little about* First Whet is gasoline and what la in it? Seoondi What happens to gasolina when you burn it in your oar? Third What doss this have to do with aaog? - 1- API 07500 ! I * (C-35) ...tenant of Kenneth E. Kingman foHealth end Safety Ccwdttee "f T Cl Couaoll First, then - Whet is In gasoline? OMoline la aade up of hydrocarbons. ifydrocarbons are ohsnioal ^pounds, ooaposed of atone of hydrogen, and ateM of oarbon linked Into molecules. There are literally hundreds and thousands of hydrooarbons. There are three sain families of lydroearbone which are present in giaolios* The first is what are called paraffins. Zou oan best visualise paraffins if you think of a series of oarbon atone being linked together in a row, and if you think of the hydrogen atoae as being attached to the oarbon atoae around the edges of this efaein of oarbon atoae. There are light pereffine, like propane end butene. There ere pereffine that are eo heavy that they are like a sex. The paraffine used in gasoline range froa butane to products which do not boil until you heat then up to around kOO degrees. Different paraffin ooapounds bars different oharactsristios - although they are e faaily, they are not the The seoond aaln faaily of hjdrooarbone are idut are oelled olefine. Most of then are like the paraffine in sons aspects. Huy olefine have oarbon atoae etrung out in e atraight-eheitt, with hydrogen atoae alongside, just as in paraffins. The differense is that olefine have two less hydrogen atoae then a paraffin to seek aoleoula. This aakei e difference in the wey they behave. Again, olefins are not ell the seas. There are light and heavy olefine. Different olefins behave differently. The third aajor faaily ere whet are celled aroaatlos. The aain differsnoe between eroaeties end other iydrooarbons is that In aroaatlos the carbon atoae ere not stretched on In a line. Zou oan think of thsa as being -2 API 07501 etftt**1* * Konnatb E* ^DgnUl 9 Health end Safety Ceaedttee City Counoil d in a cirols, with hydrogen atone attached to then There are aore fl0-plioated variations of eaoh of theea fornel but thoae are, In a eery ainputted the eeeenoe of the difference. Baeh gallon of geeoline eold in Loe Angeles County nomally oontaina l(0 0 of eaoh. All of these hydrooarbons are the result of the n o m a l nethods gl petroleue refining, as oarried out in Los Angeles County and the reet of the pastry Conbinetione of different hydrocarbons are blended by eaoh Conpany with dditives - other naterlal like lead tetreetty1, so as to nest the parforaanoe requirements of our ears All aaintain large plants and large laboratories directed to asking as good a Mixture as possible, which will behave as well as possible in a oar engine Now it is generally believed today that gasoline vapors in the air contribute to snog How do they get into the air? Beoause of the installation of vapor recovery gysteas, floating roof tanks, and othar extended controls, relatively little is lost firon refineriee. Mostof the hydrooerbon vapors in ths Basin eoae froa automobiles. This barings to second question - Whet happens to gasoline inside our automobiles? TWo things happsn to gpsollne whsn it Is in your oer. Sons of it m p o z e t s s ftea ths tank and the oarburetcr bowl. The balanoe goes into your englns, and Lweitber oonsuned in the angina, or passes through it, unburned or partially burned. Whsn burned completely, it bsoones hanalsss oerbon dioxide ind water vapor Whan it pastes through or is partially burned, it la ehanged For a m p l e , gasolines which have no olefins in then at all asy produce an exhaust -3 API 07502 1 > (C-37) Statensnt of Kenneth S. Kingntn Health and Safety Conaittee Tt the City Counoil jjiich will have as high as twelve peroeat olefine - perhape higher. Not only are other hydrocarbons ehanged into olefins, bat oonpounds appear in the exhaust whioh do not exist at all in the gasoline. Thus, for utiplB, the Air Foliation Foundation has found that Butadiene, a highly irritat ing substance, is found in the exhaust, although there is no Butadiene in anyone's gasoline. Fornaldebyde is found in exhausts, and there is no Fonaldefayde in anyone's gasoline. Why, you nay ask, does this happen? The explanation is wxtrewely inple In broad terns, and extrenely oonplioated in detail. Broadly, what happens is that in part, the gasoline is eraoked in the engine by the heat within the cylinder. In addition, there are reaetlons between the hydrocarbons, air, and the products of oonbustioa. The aoet significant products of ocnbuetion are nitrogen oxides. These nitrogen oxides are foxaed froa the nitrogen whioh is in the air, end the oxygen whioh is in the alrj the union is brought about singly ty hast of the ooxhustion in the engine. I osnnot exphseise too strongly that this happens wherever oonbustioa exists, end there is no way to avoid it praaontly known , if we aro to have ocnbuetion. This brings ae to sy third point, whioh la singly - Whet dose ell this have to do with saogt Broadly, it appears that hydrooarbcns froa the exhaust react with nitrogen oxides froa the exhaust to produoe an irritant. There are soae of the faailiee of hydroearbone which eeea to be aura lnportant in this oonneotlon then others. Ae e fbaily, olefine in the exhaust eeea to be worse than aronatlee or paraffine. S o n of those whioh are worst of -b - API 07503 ) 1 (C-tf) statement of Kenneth S. Kingman w.t Health and Saibty the City Counoil Coanlttee ill, for example, Butadiene, are compounds which are not found in gasoline at all. Booause It is possible to get eye irritation ty burning gaaolinea consisting of pure paraffins, or pure aromatics, no competent person believes it is possible to eliminate eye Irritation from smog without eliminating nearly all of the hydro oorbons which presently pass unbums d into the air from the exhaust. This is why there ie general agreement that eome sort of an afterburner ia eeeeatlal. There haa been eome talk of reducing evaporation fey lowering the vapor pressure of gasoline. Most of us feel that this is not effective, beoause in ordar to lower the vapor pressure, about all o n oan do is take out butane, and butane ie one of the least reaotive bydrooerbone. If one takes out too much butane, the customer will have trouble etarting hie oar on oold momlnga. About all I would like to add is that tbs ell industry has spent a great deal of effort end aoaey to eeek definitive answers to these questions, end they are still d o l m this* We propoee to asks evezy intelligent contribution we oan. And, at this tins, I'd be glad to enewer any queetione that I aay. -5 API 07504 > > APPENDIX D (D-l) REPOST OF THE SUBCOMOITEE OB Cg - C j^ AROMATICS P r e s i d in g : C. k . H in t, M. D. f o r K i e f f e r D a v is , M. D. The Subccsmittee on i0 tbs Sherman Hotel, Chicago. Aromatics met at 2:00 F. M., April 24, 1959 flam as PRESET: MEMBERS ABSENT: . Frank . Hine , Spence , HssDond Dr. Crookshank Dr. Potts Dr. Davis Mr. Bent Dr. Hau submitted a progress report which was reviewed by the coonittee. The major features of this report were: 1. Acute toxicity data extended to rats confirmed the order of comparative toxicity previously reported. 2. Experiments recently completed include: a. H. Decane - $00 ppm b. Co - Cq - 6l6 ppm c. Bensene -1000 ppm 3 . Experiments in progress include repeated exposures of rats to: a. Bsnsene - 200 ppm b. Cj - Ci q - 200 ppm c. O n " *12 - 200 ppm and 500 ppm 4. Bcperiments remaining to do with rats: a. Bensene - 50 ppm b. C9 - Co - 50 ppm 9u " ra - 50 ppm d. Repeated exposure of monkeys to include: 1 . C9 - C10 at 6l6 and 200 ppm 2. Q11 - C12 at 200 ppm X e. Short term exposure: 1 . Co - C,q at 16 ppm for (18 hours) on alternate days. 2. C u - C12 at 500 ppm for 3* (18 hours) on alternate days. (These animals will be set aside for 9 months to observe possible eye and other signs of biological changes.) f Sensory studies to determine threshold values for: 5 Conclusions are: a. Early sign of toxicity is a shift in a poly-lymph ratio. b. Immediate drop in white blood count was seen for Bensene - 8th day, Ca - C10 - 1st day, and - 0^2 **th day. c. Persistant fall in white blood count occurred for all fractions in severe and prolonged exposures. d. Irreversible bilaterial cataract was observed in animals two months after exposure to C9 - C^q (at 6l6 ppm - 2400 hours) bad ceased. API 07505 - 2 - (D-2) The subconnlttee believes that the experimental vork nov In progress .an be completed by 1 July i960. However, If further unusual findings develop It if for other reason It appears desirable to continue the vork past this date, it is recommended that additional funds in the amount of $20,000 be appropriated for continuance of this project. Submitted by Kieffer Davis, M. D., Chairman API 07506 ) ?i APPsron b ^Mwepg REPORT OF THE SUBCOWCTIEE OR DERMATOLOGY Leo J. Wade, M. D., Chairman Allen Dooley Jaaee Osborn, M. D. Leo Wade, M. D. MEMBER ABSEHT: C. H. Baylor, M. D. QUESTS: W. H. Bareue Nils Qoth&rd, M. D. K. G. MacKensle B. B. Reeve, M. D. 1 . The I.E.F. brochure and vail placard re dermatitis secondary to contact vlth petroleum products is available for answering customer complaints etc. It is suggested that distribution to various trade journals is desirable. 3his should be done by the I.B.F. 2. It is reported by one practitioner that an increasing number of cases of "creeping eruption" are occurring among petroleum production workers in Louisiana. Hs proposes to publish a report of his findings shortly. His identity is unknown to this subcommittee. Those present at our subcommittee meeting are not aware of any problem. It is proposed, therefore, that this subcommittee solicit the aid of those companies with producing operations in the Louisiana, Klssissippi, and Florida areas in the following matters. 1) Are increased numbers of cases occurring? 2) How numerous are they? 3j Is time lost from the Job? k) What specific clinical Information is available re the etiological agent, mods of infection, course of disease, and geographical distribution of cases? With such Information your subcommittee will be in a position to make a more specific evaluation of the alleged problem. Leo Wade, N. D., Chairman Allan Dooley James Osborn, M. D. API 07507 / APPENDIX P W T )--- REPORT OP THE SUBCOMMITTEE OS MEDICAL POLICIES AND AIKEfflSTRATIYE PRACTICES ... R. 7. Schneider, M. D. " Chairman Since the last meeting of the Medical Advisory Committee in November 1958, this subcommittee has been active in investigating the following two items: I. The routine use of low-back x-ray examination as part of the pre-placement physical examination. II. Finalisation of the "Guiding Principles in Regard to the Scope, Objectives, and Functions of Occupational Health Programs in Petroleum Operations." In relation to Item I, the subcommittee upon reviewing the available literature (attachment A) and upon receiving responses to a questionnaire from 22 Medical Directors of different companies (attachment B), finds that there appears to be no unanimity of opinion as to the desirability or advisability of carrying out on all applicants for ployment an x-ray examination of the low bade as part of the pre-placement physical examination. The subcommittee, therefore, recommends: 1. That the pre-placement physical examination include a more detailed history and a more complete physical examination referable to the musco-skelatel ' system in order to more accurately determine the presence of past or current disease condition. Then when more complete evaluation is required to establish the diagnosis, determine the degree of disability or to establish a base line, an x-ray examination of the lumbo-sacral spine in 5 views is a useful and desirable procedure 2. That the subcommittee devise a program which would make it possible for each member of the Medical Advisory Coonittee to record on a comparable basis their department's experiences in relation to incidence, frequency, morbidity, and disability referable to conditions of the laabo-sacral spine. This program to be proposed to the members at the MAC meeting in November 1959* In relation to Item II, the subcommittee reports that all of the members have not, as yet, submitted their consents. Those members will be contacted and again requested to reply* It is expected that the subcommittee will be able to make a final report and recommendation to the MAC relative to this item at the regular meeting in November 1999 API 07508 ATTACHMENT A THE USE CF PRE-PIPLOMMT BACK X-RAYS IN INDUSTRY (A Review of the Literature) This represents a summary of twenty-one papers concerned with the use of pre-employment back x-rays in various industries. These twenty-one papers were vritten by thirty-two different authors of whom seven were orthopedists, fourteen radiologists, and eleven medical directors of various industries with no affiliation vith either of the above mentioned specialty Boards. A total of 36,820 patients were evaluated in the twenty-one studies. In general. abnormalities of the lower spinal vertebrae may be grouped under three headings'1/ A. Degenerative lesions Osteoarthritis 13>60 Degenerative disc 1.13 B. Post traumatic lesions Crush fracture of the body of the vertebrae 2.3 Fracture of the transverse process 0.63^ C. Congenital or developmental lesions Spina bifida occulta 1# Sacralization of the transverse process 3.63^ Spondylolisthesis k.56j> . The above are the most ccsraon abnormalities of each group. The incidence varied quite widely. .For instance, one grow had a spina bifida occulta in 26jt'2). Another had only 2pQ3/. The average incidence of this condition and one which was found in most papers, however, was 1 Regardless of the variation in incidence, all of those authors who be lieved in the value of pre-employment back x-rays were in agreement that any of the above conditions were cause for rejection. In addition to this, they were in almost unanimous agreement that previous surgical defects of the spine or the evidence of radio-opaque material in the neural canal were also sufficient cause for rejection of an applicant. Some authors added many more defects on which rejection could be based, with one author listing nine.other conditions Including such seemingly benign abnormalities as Schmorl's nodes.(3) There is strong feeling among soma authors that these x-rays should not be used to deny men ew&oymentv**1/^) but should be of value in placing men in the . proper Jobs and add impetus to a program of education to do a given Job properly. I21/ Those who advocated rejection on the basis of abnormal x-ray findings pro vided some interesting statistics to bade their arguments. A group vith spondylolisthesis incurred a 30 per.cent increase in time loss over a control grow in whom the findings were negative.u1?/. A grow with prior surgical defects had a time loss thirteen times ae great as that of the control grow* API 07509 In terms of cost, back injuries occurring in an employee with a previously normal back, averaged five-hundred dollars per case compared with fifteen-hundred dollare per case in individuals whose preinjury x-rays had revealed tome congenital abnormality of the spine.'21) Aleo mentioned was the fact that adoption of a pre employment x-ray program was thought to be responsible for a decrease for as much as 9 - 2 - f 56 per cent in the incidence of back injuries.(3) (?-3) Those authors vho were in favor of such programs stated that one of the important reasons for adopting pre-employment back x-rays routinely would be the availability of these films for comparison in the event of future trauma. These authors were unanimous in feeling that such x-rays had saved their companies many times vhat the cost of the program had been. On the other hand, those vho were against such programs argued that 80 to 90 per cent of all back injury cases had negative x-rays plus no previous history of back injury. Most of these were in the soft tissue.damage category where x-rays could be of no value before or after the injury.UOJ In general, it may be said that the orthopedic surgeons and radiologists favored the adoption of such programs, while the medical directors were more cautious in their approval or in some cases were definitely against the program. It is of interest that none of the authors, of whom fourteen were radiolo gists, even mentioned any x-ray exposure hazard connected with routine pre-employment low back films. TGR:mhg V16/59 API 07510 ) BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 (7-4) 1 SUBJECT: Pre-Baployment X-Ray Examination of the Bach SOURCES OF REFHUEHCES: Quart. Cum. Ind. Med. 1948-June 1956 Current List of Med. Lit. 1936-Hot. 1958 1 . Allen, M. L. 4 Lindem, M. C. Significant roentgen findings in routine pre employment examination of lumbosacral spine. Am. J. Sug. 80:762-766. 1950. 2. Barton, P. H. Analysis of 30 cases of bade pain. Ind. Med. l8:391-393. 19^9* 3. Becker, V. F. Preplacement examination program for workers assigned to heavy jobs (with special reference to prevention of back injuries). Ind. Med. 22:8-10. Jan. 1953* it. Becker, W. ?. Prevention of back injuries through preplaeement examinations. Ind. Med, 4 Sure. 24:486-490. Hov. 1955. 3. Colcher, A. E. 4 Surah, A. M. W. Pre-employment low-back x-ray survey; a review of 1500 cases. Ind. Med. 21:319*321. July 1952. 6. Coulter, E. B. Prevention of back disability through pro-employment x-rays. Ind. Med. 4 Surg. 25:523-524. Hov. 1956. 7. Diveley, R. L. 4 Oglevie, R. R. Preenployment examinations of the low-back. J. Am. Med. Assn. 160:856-858. Mar. 10, 1956. 8. Fullenlowe, T. M. & Williams, A. J. Comparative roentgen findings in sympto matic and asymptomatic backs. Radiology. 68:572-574. April 1957. 9. Henry, 0. W., Larsen, I. J., & Stewart, S. 7. The roentgenologic criteria for appraising the human back as an economic asset or liability. Am. J. Roentgen. 79:658-672. April 1958. 10. Horgan, J. D. Setting realistic medical standards for employment. Texas Med. J. 54:77-80. Feb. 1958. (Includes author's opinion against pre-esployment back x-rays) 11. Iverson, R. M. Pre-employment roentgenograms of the lower dorsal and lumbo sacral spins in young men. Minnesota Med. 39:771*774. Dec. 1956. 12. Iverson, R. M. Roentgenographle examinations of the lower back on applications for employment. J, Lanest. 75:111-113* Mar. 1955* 13. MacDonald V. 7. Pre-placement low back x-ray program. Ind. Med, 4 Surg. 27:475-^76. Sept. 1958* 14. Moreton, R. D. 4 others. Radiologic considerations in preplacement examinations of ths lumbar spine; summary of four thousand oonsecutivs casts. Radiology. 63:667-672. Hov. 1954. API 07511 15. Moreton, R. D., Winston, J.R. 4 Blbby, D. E. Value of preplacement examinations of the lumbar spine. Radiology. 70:661-665. May 1958. - 16. Reiner, L. Pre-employment x-ray survey of the lumbosacral spina in bus drivers. Ind. Med. 4 Surg. 27:15-17 Jan. 1958. 17. Runge, C. 7. Pre-existing structural defects end severity of compensation back injuries. Ind. Med. 4 Surg. 27:249-252. May 1958. )% - 2 - (P-5) 18. Bunge, C. F. Roentgenographic examination of the lumbosacral spine in routine pre-employment examinations. J. Bone & Joint Surg. 36-A:75-84. 1954. 19. Simril, W. A. Consideration of pre-existing conditions, congenital and acquired, in the preplacement spine examination. Radiology. 70:654-660. May 1958. 20. Stewart, S. 7. Preemployment examinations of back. J. Bone & Joint Surg. 29:215-221. Jan. 1947; Med. Dcpor. y trab. 12:1470-1^3. April 1948. 21. Wilkins, G. F., Shilling, J. W. & Shovalter, E. J. Industrial back injuries, Bell System; results of three-year survey. Arch. Ind. Health. 15:91-100. Feb. 1957. 22. Winston, J. R. 81 Moreton, R. D. Objectives of the preplacement X-ray investi gation of the low-back area. Radiology. 63:664-666. Nov. 1954 API 07512 A4 (F-6) attachment b PRE-EMPLOYMENT BACK X-RAY EXAMINATIONS IN THE FETROLStM INDUSTRY (A Review of Responses to Questionnaire] Letters were sent to twenty-four medical directors of the petroleum and lied industries ashing the following questions: 1, Does your company use a pre-employment back x-ray examination for applicants ` being considered for any type of work? If so, for what job categories is this type of examination a pre-employment requirement? 2, If you have not used this type of pre-employment examination in the past but are planning to do so in the future, what personal experiences have led you to adopt this type of examination. 3, If you have used this type of examination in the past, do you have any statis tics available as to the number of cases of bade abnormalities discovered by these x-rays which would not have been discovered by a pre-employment physical examination? Of the twenty-four Medical Directors questioned, twenty-two sent in replies an analysis of which follows: Of the twenty-two replies, ten were either in favor of the routine x-ray examination of the lumbar spine or preplacement examination or were already using it tc different degrees of application, eight were definitely against using this procedure as a routine measure, and four were undecided. X-ray abnormalities of the low back area which were reported as cause for rejection of an applicant were: 1 . Spondylolisthesis, 2. Spina bifida occulta, 3. Sacrallaation either unilateral or bilateral, k. Evidence of previous low back surgery, 5* Radio opaque material in the neuro canal. The percentage of applicants reported as rejected for the above listed conditions varied from 5 per cent to as high as 35 per cent of all applicants examined. The average in the ten companies using the program was 18 per cent rejection. Those who favored the use of the routine pre-employment low back x-rays gave the following reasons for thinking that the program was of definite value: l. By rejecting applicants with the conditions listed above, they were able to show definite decreases in the mnber of low back accident cases, 2. The time lost due to low back accident cases, 3* A decrease in the cost to the company for compensable low back injuries. The number of low back accident cases was said to decrease by 35 to 40 per cent in the first twelve month period after the adoption of the pre-employment low back X-ray program. The time lost due to low back injuries was decreased by an average of ^5 per cent in the same twelve month period. The figures concerning the saving to the company in dollars varied considerably, one company stating that their low back injury cases averaged eight to ten thousand dollars per case, another giving an average of four thousand five hundred dollars per case, another twelve thousand dollars per case, and another six thousand dollars per ease. All are in agreement, however, that the adoption of this program bad saved them considerable API 07513 *1 -2 - (F-7) uto&ey and in *11 cases the amount of money saved far exceeded the cost of the total program* In addition, a number of those vfao responded spoke of the value of routine pre-employment low back x-rays not only from the point of view of rejecting those applicants vho were a potential hazard to themselves, to other employees, and to their companies but, also, from the aspect of being able to place properly those men whose x-rays revealed abnormalities of the low spine which were not serious enough to cause rejection but which would warrant them being placed in Jobs where lov back strain was to be avoided. Those who felt that the adoption of a programof pre-employment examination which included low back x-rays as a routine procedure was not advisable gave the following reasons: 1. The percentage of applicants whom they would have to reject because of x-ray findings would be so high that they would soon find themselves with not enough employees to fill the available positions. 2. Most of the low back injury cases which caused long periods of lost time and cost the companies considerable amount of money occurred in individuals whose x-rays revealed no bony abnormality but where the injury was strictly confined to the soft tissues. Conversely, they also stated that they had seen many cases where the x-rays had revealed severe, apparently disabling abnormalities of the spine in an employee who gave no history of any type of back symptoms or bade difficulty. 3* Some who replied to the letter stated that their Union situation would not allow them to take pre-employment low back x-rays. k. The cost of the x-ray examination was exorbitant and doubled or tripled the total cost of pre-employment physical examina tions. 5. They had tried the routine pre-employment hack x-ray program for a period of four years and bad found that it did not alter their morbidity experience in any degree. RGE:mhg V20/59 API 07514 (7-8) MEMBERS OP SUBCCMMUTBE PARTICIPANTS dark R. Miller L. E. Curtis *W. 0. Armstrong Thomas J. Kelly B. B. Reeve W. E. Broughton J. W. Osborn H. W. Bolyard John R. Scott, M. D. John 7. Me V. C. Baird Leo J. Wade Tom Hall Mitchell Ralph ?. Schneider John C. Ruddock Theo. Trank 7. 7. Boys H. J. Qothard W. H. Barcus Tidewater Oil Company Standard Oil Company of California Continental Oil Company Shell Oil Company Standard Oil Company (Indiana) Shell Petroleum Company (London) The Standard Oil Company (Ohio) Standard Oil Company (Indiana) The Carter Oil Company Champion Paper Company Humble Oil fr Refining Company Esso Standard Oil Company The Carter Oil Company Standard Oil Company (Hew Jersey) Richfield Oil Corporation Pan American Petroleum Corp. Sinclair Refining Cospany Sinclair Refining Company Sun Oil Company API 07515 * AFParoix g WT) REPORT OF TBS SUBCOMMITTEE ON PHYSICAL AGBfTS C. H. Hine, M. D., Chairman The subconmittee convened only once since its November meeting, the gajority of its business being carried on by correspondence. It vas reconfirmed that an annual summary of important events in the various fields of physical agents be prepared by the subcommittee and be circulated to the members of the MAC as an attachment to its report at the time of the fall seeting. All summaries previously assigned have been reviewed, with the exception of two awaiting the development of additional information. A progress report was received from Dr. Glorig. This contained brief de scription of the last three or four month's activities of the Research Center, including: A. Laboratory study of temporary threshold shift. B. Bearing Surveys. C. Statistical Analysis of field data. D. Field and Educational Activities. Dr. Glorig's report is appended. A compilation of existing radiation rules and regulations in force in the various petroleum companies was made by requests sent to the Medical Directors of 31 companies. Eight sets of these were received. These will be made available for Interested persons in the member companies by deposition in the API office, where they are available on request. Copies may be obtained of the regulations of the following companies on request: Esso Standard Oil Company, Shell Oil Company (Wood River), Shell Developeent Company, Sohio, and Standard of Indiana. At the request of Dr. Baird, the subcomalttee reviewed the subject of the possible adverse effects of ionising radiation received through back x-ray programs. It was concluded that under certain conditions unnecessary and unde sirable quantities of radiation (in terms of the total genetic pool) might be received, and suggestions were advanced as to methods of reduction of these quantities through the use of good radiological techniques. A critical surveillance of information on radiological matters published in the Federal Register will be made on a trial basis for one year. Items deemed of importance will be circulated to the MAC. Respectfully submitted, C. B. Bine, M. D. (Chairman) API 07516 4 ___ SUBCOMMITTEE ON BOISE OF TEE COMMITTEE ON CONSERVATION OF HEARING OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY QF PETEAIMOLOGY AND OTOLARYNGOLOGY (G-2} April 20, 1959 This it a report on progrs of research and educational activities of the Research Center, Subcommittee on Noise. This report contains a brief description of the latest three or four months' activities of the Research Committee in the following areas a. Laboratory Study of Temporary Threshold Shift b. Hearing Surveys c. Statistical Analyses of Field Data d. Field and Educational Activities. API 07517 Temporary Threshold Shift (0- 3 ) Current studies of TTS are concerned with the effects on hearing of (a) changes in noise exposure levels during the exposure period, (b) exposure to octave bands of noise, and (c) sex. To date ve have found: 1. When changes in exposure level occur during any one exposure period, the resulting TTS is proportional to the mean level of exposure stimuli. 2. ITS produced by exposure to octave bands of noise has a maximum at fre quencies in or just above the frequency range of the exposure. Also, for the same SPL of each octave band, the maximum TTS resulting from exposure to the 600 to 1200, 1200 to 2400 or 2400 to 4600 c/s bands is larger than the maximum TTS produced by exposure to lower bands. 3. Young men and young women with normal hearing respond on the average with equal amounts of TTS to equal noise exposures. The experiment to compare TTS produced in female ears with TTS produced in male ears was suggested by some of our industrial data which indicates that men lose hearing faster than women do under the same conditions of age and exposure. b. Bearing Surveys In an attempt to determine the status of hearing of employed persons not exposed to industrial noise, the Research Center has conducted three separate hearing surveys; one at an industrial plant and two in large research corporations. In total, more than 1600 men and 1000 women were tested. Age, medical and occupational histories, subjective self-evaluation of hearing and results of brief otologics! examinations were recorded for all male participants. Analyses of these data will supply much needed, and until now unavailable, information about hearing loss in non-industrially exposed groups. e. Statistical Analyses of field Bata In addition to the continuing analysis of Industrial audiometric data, the statistical laboratory at the Research Center has undertaken an analysis of audio metric data of several general population surveys which include a total of more than 60,000 persons. These surveys represent a good geographical cross section of the urban population of the Baited States and the analysis is expected to pro , vide the best description to date of the status of hearing in the general population. ' i. Field and Educational Activities j Field and Educational Activities over the last few months have Included 1. A hearing conservation noise survey of a large, refinery belonging to [ a member of the API. ) 2. Receipt of noise analyses obtained by a Research Center staff consultant in some 35 pulp and paper mills on t,be West Coast. This extensive noise survey is the first step in an extensive hearing conservation program re cently undertaken by the paper industry. Enclosed is a tentative table for determining the need for hearing conservation from information about time in noise and noise level. This table was originally developed by the Research Center for one of the paper companies. API 07518 3. Completion of a lU-minute l6nm color sound film about ear protection. This film is available on loan to interested vievers at no charge except transportation costs. It. Publication of a "Guide for Evaluation of hearing Impairment". This Guide presents an official medical statement for evaluating hearing im pairment in medical and compensation cases. It vaa published in the March-April 1959 issue of the "Transactions" of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and in the March 1959 issue of the "Journal of Occupational Medicine". As nev publications appear! ve will supply you with reprints. Thank you for your cooperation in the past and your continued cooperation in the future. Very sincerely yours, // Aram Glorig Aram Glorig, M.D. Director of Research AG:av # i API 07519 Steady Noise Level in db at one or more of the following octave bands: 600-1200; 1200-2**00; 2*00-l*800 Continuous exposure Intermittent exposure 3/lf on, l/k off l/2 on, l/2 off RESEARCH CENTER SUBCOMMITTEE ON NOISE CONFIDENTIAL NOT FOB PUBLICATION PERMISSIBLE OCTAVE BAND LEVELS AND EXPOSURE TIMES 8t-90 90-96 ------- r1 1 96-102 , 102-108 108-111* 111+-120 1 " .. ' . 6/8* 3/8 li/8 *5 78 20'/8 10'/8 ' 8/8 6/8 3/8 li/8 1*578 20'/8 1 8/8 6/8 3/8 li/8 1*578 * 6/8 = 6 hours of exposure out of every 8 hour workday. (0- 5 ) CO API 07520 For continuous exposure, if time Is halved, allowed sound pressure is doubled; i.e. total sound-pressure-alnutes is assumsd constant. For intermittent exposure, it is assumed that when the percentage of time the noise is "on" is halved, the tctal sound-pressure-minutes can be doubled. This assumption holds only if the periods during which the noise is on do not exceed 5-7 minutes. If this period is ex ceeded, the values for permissible continuous noise should be used. For calculating permissible exposures to tones, exposure time should be based on the values found one <wiim to tha right of the colimn shewing the measured sound pressure levels. APPENDIX H ThT T REPORT OF SUBCOMMITTEE ON SPECIALTY PETROLEUM PRODUCTS J. W. Osborn, M. D., Chairman of meeting, V 25/59 - 2 - U P. M. - Sherman Hotel, Chicago, Illinoif Quorum of Members Present: Guests Present: j. W. Osborn, M. D., Chairman r. F. Schneider, M. D. j. W. Hammond g, W. Gerarde, M. D. Carl A. Hau, M. D. E. 0. Mattocks B. B. Reeve Vf. W. Hunter H. Van Raalte & J. Gothard V. 0. Armstrong F. F. Boys W. V. Bolyard U. E. Sugdor V. H. Barcus R. Call J. R. Scott C. Si Huntington L. E. Curtis C. H. Hine L. J. Made From a prepared agenda, the following items were discussed with comments, requests end recommendations as follows: I. Status of Clinical Keroslne Research Program A. Baylor University - Dr. C. V. Daeschner, Jr., Assoc. Prof, of Pediatrics Humber of cases still insufficient for progress report. Hext meeting will be held in Linden, N. J. for demonstration by Dr. Gerarde of effects on animals and review of Dr. Daeschner*s cases. Expect to present a progress report to MAC at Hovember meeting. B. University of Vermont - Dr. R. J. McKay, Jr., Prof, of Pediatrics Our invitation to Dr. A. Bradley Soule's group to join in a clinical study with blood samples to Dr. Gerards'a laboratory following Dr. Daeschner's protocol has been accepted. A copy of Dr. McKay's letter of acceptance and budget meeting the $2500 approved by Medical and Health Ccmaittee is attached. The subcommittee unanimously requests the MAC to approve this specific program, to begin July 1, 1959 for one year. Me expect to invite Dr. McKay to our Linden, H. J. meeting, which will be held probably early in October 1959 Mo traveling expenses are included in either Dr. Daesohner's or Dr. McKay's rather limited budgets. Special requests for this purpose will be made to the MAC'S Special Fund for Consultants Expenses. II. Experimental laboratory Research on Keroslne Poisoning - Dr. Carl A. Hau Dr. Hau personally presented an outline of his proposed study and budget eeeting the $2500 approved by the Medical and Health Committee for this purpose. A copy is attached to this report. The subcommittee unanimously requests the MAC to approve this specific program, to begin June 1, 1959 for the next three to four months. Dr. Nau will report on this study in September 1959 at the conclusion of the manner session to the Subcommittee on Specialty Petroleum Products in time for a re port to the MAC in November 1959 API 07521 - 2 - \ (H-2) jjl. Cooperative Clinical Project for Evaluation of Keroslne and Related Petroleum STStillate Ingestion ~ Sr. Edward Press, director of this project, made available on a confi dential basis to tbs members of tbe Subcooaittee on Specialty Petroleum Products tt* data on which he mads a progress report in October 1953 at the annual meeting of tbe American Public Health Association, in St. Louis. In bis cover letter Sr. Press uked if our subconittee would like informal liaison with one or more of tbe actively participating hospitals in bis study, for meeting and discussing tbe project, {be subcommittee felt that liaison with Sr. Press and with tbe Cooperative Cllncial project by way of our contacts with Sr. Saescbner at Baylor and now with Or. NcKar at tbe University of Vermont (2 of tbe 39 participating boepltala in this project) da good enough, ft subcommittee feels there is no need to ask individual Medical Directors on tbe subconittee or MAC to enter into any such Informal liqleon with other participating hospitals. Or. Osbom will reply to Sr. Press along this vein, but endeavor to keep our subcommittee's informal liaison with Sr. Press open. IV. Batlonal Cltarlng louse for Poison Control Centers A. A printed Oirectory of Poison Control Centers, dated February 1959 is available. Shis lists 262 centers throughout the U.S.A., k& of which provide "informational services only." A letter to Mr. Mattocks about obtaining this Directory la being circulated to all MAC members and Technical Advisors. Sr. L. E. Curtis reported a movement on foot to consolidate these centers, at least for informational services, into 8 to 10 regional centers for U.8.A. on a nationwide telephone hook-up perhaps by dialing "Poison." ft Subcoamdttee on Specialty Petro leum Products will report on future developments and again urges all MAC members to get on tbe Rational Clearing Souse's mailing list for its Monthly Ailletln. B. American Association of Poison Control Centers Organised In October 1998 under the eusplcee of the Batlonal Clearing louse, this association reports its speeches and papers in the Monthly Bulletin, hr. Osbom wrote to Sr. Bobert Crayon, Miami Beach, Florida, on January 29 1999 utlng for specific information about membership costs, scope asd functions and tether the association was interested in membership from groups such as the fWbcoamlttee on Specialty Petroleum Products. Bo reply baa been received to date, ft subcoHBittee aeabers present agreed there is no apparent need for representation by MAC in this association at this time. V. Status of Hasardoua Substances Labeling Legislation A copy of E*. Osbom'a report to the members of the Sribcoedttee on Specialty Petroleum Products, dated April 17, 1999 (Attachment #2 to Agenda for ty29 eeting) la attached. This report la made in hi* capacity as MAC Liaison Member (informal) to AMA Ooandttee on Toadoology and as MAC Representative to the industry group on Labeling Legislation (CSMA, MCA, etc.) as well as Chairmen of the Bubeomittee on Specialty Fetroleta Products. Mr. Cjerde, Chairman of the API Interdivlslonal Committee on Labeling, con tinues to represent this coanittee on tbs Industry group on labeling Legislation and b. Osbom works closely with him. Bach MAC member and Technical Advisor Is urged to be on the lookout for y* legislation on labeling in his geographical state area of operations and report ftueptly to Mr. Mattocks to aid the industry group in keeping on top of this (pending problem. - API 07522 - 3- (H-3) yl. Nev Business Paper by Dr. Malcolm Hargraves ' On April 17, 1959 Dr> Baird requested this subcommittee to reviev the g^teri&l in this paper and make any recommendations it sees fit to the MAC. Dr. Hargraves (of the Mayo Clinic and University of Minnesota Qraduate School of Medicine, but expressing his own personal opinion and no other) spoke before the National Wildlife Federation Panel on "Chemical Pesticides and Con servation Problems" at the Sheraton-McAlpin Hotel, New York City. It is impossible to make any reasonable sense out of his remarks, but be seems to indulge in philosophical mis-statements and at best half-truths which imply that the petroleum distillates used as vehicles in pesticides are seriously poisoning human beings in 1 vide variety of insidious ways and that this holocaust must be stopped. He ipparently reported on 12 to 15 cases out of hundreds in his files. After discussion, the subcommittee unanimously agreed to recommend to the MAC that the API ignore Sr. Hargraves' paper at this time. Because of reported pending legislation in Pennsylvania in the pesticide field, for which Sr. Hargraves oay be testifying in the future, the MAC may wish to advise action, however, of a different nature in the near future. B. 7.S.A. Status on Mineral Oil Mr. J. W. Hamaood inquired about this problem which is not strictly business assigned to this subcommittee. Sr. L. E. Curtis replied that F.S.A. is con ducting tests with mineral oil, its effect on vitamin absorption, etc., and is studying the question of contamination of food with mineral oil and lubricants used is food processing machinery before committing itself on any allowable levels in ppn. The meeting was adjourned The Subcommittee Chairman requests that the MAC accept this report. Hubert Present Approving B. F. Schneider Hone B. W. Oerarde J. v. Hammond J. W. Osborn Respectfully submitted. J. W. Osborn, M. S. Chairman Subcommittee on Specialty Petroleum Products API 07523 J T COPY ' COPY THE UNIVERSITY OP VERMONT College of Medicine Burlington, Vermont Department 0f Pediatrics fel. University U-7VH Ext. 2l6 (H-M COPY April 18, 1959 j. W. Osborn, M.D. Standard Oil Company Xldland Building Cleveland, Ohio Dear Doctor Osborn: Sr. Soule baa turned your letter of February 6, 1959 over to aw with the idea that tbe Department of Pediatrics is in a better position than the Department of Radiology to carry out a study of tbe sort proposed in your letter. We are Interested in participating in this study. Obviously it would be important that ws follow the same protocol as Dr. Daescbner. A tentative budget would be as follows: 1. Physician to make home visits, secure specimen of product, supervise care of patient, and draw and process blood specimens 9 9150 per month $ 1,500.00 2, Radiologic examinations 3. Supplies and secretarial assistance 300.00 350.00 U. Overhead to University of Vermont College of Medicine 350.00 TOTAL # 2,500.00 I am sorry that this letter is so late but both Dr. Soule and I have been extremely busy and unable even to write about taking on anything additional until the present tins. I imagine that Dr* Daeschner will be attending the annual meetings of the Society for Pediatric Research and the American Pediatric Society at Buck Hill Fails, Penn, from May 6 to 9* I would be glad to discuss the matter further with him there if the coamdttee decide it would like to have us partidpata in tba study according to the above budget. Incidentally, if the money should be mads avail able, it should ba stated in writing to me that it ia a grant-in-aid or a grant in support of our research on kerosene poisoning. This is necessary for admini strative reasons in our University. Any checks should be made out to tbe University of Vermont. ^ Sincerely, I J *lh ee: Dr, Soule I J. Bates R. J. McKay, Jr., M.D. Profeseor of Pediatrics API 07524 -\ A Study of the Mechanisms of the Toxic Action of Ingested Kerosene Reference is made to a paper entitled "A Study of the Mechanisms of the Toxic Action of Ingested Kerosene". Every member of the subcommittee has been given a copy of this proposal. We propose simply to outline suggestions for further work on this subject. FUTURE WORK: Radioactive kerosene will be used in an attempt to prove a hematogenous route and the cellular deposition. The kerosene vlll be tagged with tritium by the Vittbach Method and purchased from the Rational Argon laboratories. A modified freeze drying technique will be employed in radioautography to determine cellular de position. The tritium labeled kerosene in conjunction with radioautography will demonstrate the localisation to histologic areas, to individual cells and even to subcellular areas. The radioactive object or tissue is positioned against a photo graphic strip and the darkening of the developed film indicates the distribution of the radioactive kerosene. It is also proposed to continue studying blood changes, blood values for kerosene radiographic changes in the lung and gross and microscopie changes. For this study wa will need tagged kerosene. It oosts about $125 per ec to get kerosene tagged with tritiimu Vs mill also need a considerable number of rats and rabbits together vlth the necessary feed and animal, oars and technical assistance. It is estimated that the tagging will cost about $300, animals (cars and feed), $500, chemicals and supplies $bOO. The remainder is to be used for technical assistance nd consultation. bbrbsscb ACTA, Radiologic. 1956-57, Stockholm, Sweden. Chapter VII, Detailed Autoradiographic Studies. /a/ Carl A. Hau API 07525 A (H-6) THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY April 17, 1959 sobers of the Subcommittee on Specialty Petroleum Products Attachment #2 Status of Hazardous Substances labeling Legislation 1. At the Federal Level: On March 5tL identical bills S. 1203 and H.R. 5260 vere Introduced into the 86th Congress, first session, and referred to their respective com mittees on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Mr. E. 0. Mattocks furnished copies on March 12th to Mr. M. D. GJerde, Chairman, A.P.I. Interdivisional Conmlttee on Labeling and Dr. J. V. Osborn, Vice Chairman A.P.I. Medical Advisory Committee. It is Mr. Mattocks' opinion that Mr* Guards and Dr. Osborn "...should try and represent the petroleum industry for the hearing on the House and Senate Labeling Bill". The Manufacturing Chemists' Assoc, has contacted us indicating that a hearing on these bills is expected to be held in Washington, D. C. The MCA is anxious to know who, from the API, will represent our Interests before such a hearing. As of April 17th I have heard nothing further from Mr. Mattocks or from Mr. J. Kittleton, Secretary of the M.C.A., about the date for the hearing. Meanwhile, these bills have been reviewed with our company's attorneys' office. We find them essentially similar to the January 5th Industry Group draft. We believe them adequate if drafted into Federal law for the purpose intended, "to regulate the interstate distribution and sale of packages of hasardous substances intended or suitable for household use". On April 1st, Mr. Klttlston circulated a letter from Niles E* Woodworth, Secretary, Hatlonal Fire Protection Association, pointing out a possible discrepancy between the bills introduced at the Federal level and V.7.P.A. #326, Warning Labels for Containers of Flammable Liquids. This N.F.P.A. standard baa been adopted by approximately one thousand cities in the tfoited States. The discrepancy baa to do with the use of the words Naming and/or Caution, in defining the degree of flammability. Hatiooal Fire Protection Association #32o requires the use of the word "Warning" for liquids hawing a flash point of 20 to floo F. and the word "Oaution" for flampgble liquids hawing a flash point above 00 to 150 F. inclusive. The FsdMttf hills do not eever the letter degree of flaamabllity end allow tha uae of the words "Warning" or "Caution" for liquids hsvlng a flash point at 20 to 00 7. A reply has been seat to Mr. ELttletco suggesting that this possible discrepancy could be eaally avoided with a footnote or parenthetical statement requiring the word "Warning" rather then "Oaution" for this latter range of flaumsble liquids. API 07526 THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY (H-7) April 17, 1959 Ifeobers of the Subcostalttee on Specialty Petroleum Products Attachment #2 (Cont'd.) 2. At the State Level: A. Indiana Senate Bill 103: Mr. Mattocks circulated information from Mr. M. D. OJerde, Including a copy of this bill. This Is an amended bill to supersede the 1957 Indiana Hazardous Household Poison Registration Act. It Is Mr. GJerde's understanding that this bill vas passed as amended by the Indiana House on Friday March 6th and that the Senate concurred on March 7th. Mr. OJerde1a source of information indicates that there is no reason to suspect that the Governor will not sign the bill. The bill, as revised, Is essentially similar to the Industry Group draft for legislation at the state level expect for the fact that "radioactive" materials are included. This bill also continues in existence the fee for registration. B. Mr. GJerde also circulated a copy of the Colorado House Bill 345 con cerning poisons and relating to registration. Section 1. 6-12-4 (2), Colorado Revised Statutes 1953 vhlch increases the annual registration fee for each economic poison registered. C. Labeling of Hazardous Substances Bill, House 437, Washington State. The Washington State Legislature adjourned March 12th. The above bill passed the Bouse with some minor amendments. It vas killed by a Senate Conmlttee on March 4th due to the log Jam of last minute legislative matters and there vas no opportunity to revise the bill at this session. D. Ohio State 103rd General Assembly S.B. #440. On March 30th a copy of the original bill vas received. This short 16 line bill vas so general that it would appear to require the labeling of everything under the sun. I advised Sohlo that, in my opinion, it should be vigorously opposed. At the first abort hearing of this bill on April 6th, it vas found that a substitute S.B. 440 had Just been introduced in place of the original bill. Ohio S.B. SUB #440 is essentially similar to the Industry Group Bill. The one or two differences are probably minor and can, no doubt, be ironed out satisfactorily. Our company attorneys' office reviewed this bill and made appropriate consents in writing vhlch I expect ve will refer promptly to Mr. George Hopper who is representing the Industry Group in Ohio. The coonnts are currently avalting clearance from Sohlo Management because of Sohlo's direct interest in legislation in Ohio. // J. W. Osborn, M. D. API 07527 APPBTDIX I REPORT CF SUBCCttgTTEE OH TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEWS H. W. Gerards, M. D., Chairman 1. The Medical Advisory Casmittee and the Medical and Eealth Consulttee have approved the publication of the Toxicological Reviews on Naphthenic Acids, Copper Napbthenate, | Butadiene, and Naphthalene. 2. The Subconnittee recocsaends that these Reviews be published by the API, retaining the format of the present Reviews. 3. Complimentary copies of these Reviews will be sent to other organisations as in | the past and to Editors of a number of medical journals for review in order to make their existence and availability known to interested individuals. If. These Reviews will be available from the API at a nominal cost. 5. First drafts of the Toxicological Reviews on BF3, Acrylonitrile, Beaiene, toluene, and Xylene have been circulated through the MAC. 6. A number of excellent comments and suggestions have been received which will be incorporated in the second draft which will be circulated to the MAC. 7. First drafts have been received from Prof. Drinker on nicbel carbonyl, furgural, and morpholine. 6. The Subcommittee requests that this report be accepted. I 1 i ( API 07528 i i APPENDIX J REPORT OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE J. A. Spence, Chairman This Subcommittee met on April 25, 1959 with all 11 members present or ^presented. There were 15 guests. Liaison members reported on the activities of the American Standards Committee Z-37 Toxic Dusts and Gases, Z-k Industrial Sanitation, and Z-62 Industrial Hygiene Standards. The Z-37 Committee is currently balloting to accept recommended MAC values for 8 chemicals. These values are acceptable to this Subcommittee. Mo activity was reported by the Z-4 Committee. First drafts of the Z-62 Industrial Hygiene Standards will be ready for review by the Z-62 Committee in about 3 months. This Subcommittee will await a report from our liaison member, Mr. Hendricks. As reported at the last meeting, the Subcommittee will submit to the Medical Advisory Cosnittee prior to the November 1959 meeting, its information re port "Some Catalysts Used in Fetroleimi Refining." This report summarises sobs of the factors to be considered in evaluating potential health hazards and establishing safe handling practices. The Subcommittee recommends that this report be made available through the Medical Advisory Committee to the members of the petroleum industry only. The Subcommittee plans to continue preparing information of this type on other refining processes. As requested by the Subcommittee on Toxicological Reviews, the section "Manufacture, Uses and Possibilities of Exposure" for 25 Toxicological Reviews bave been completed and submitted to Dr. Gerarde. The Subcommittee discussed the question raised last November, as to the need for a study of the potential health hazards related to cobalt and other metal carbonyls in certain refining processes. The Subcommittee elected to delay any action until April I960* During the interim, additional information will be gathered to further indicate the nature and extent of this problem. The Subcommittee Chairman requested Mr. Renes to prepare for the November 1959 meeting preliminary information on the industrial hygiene aspects of the oanufacture and uses of Co - Cjj aromatics. The Chairman also requested Mr. Wilkening to prepare a list of general refining processes, to guide in the preparation of information such as was developed for the Medical Advisory Cosnittee on the catalyst project. /a/ J. A. Spence April 26, 1959 Apparpix i gpQgpor mais ir a awn aip raws oaten Siaca tha last atetlag the Nodical Adrisory Coaadtteo, the flirtman of ta* Soboorlttea oa Ataospherle Ballutioa baa not aat with tha Saaks and Punti Coanlttee of AFX. Following tha last mating of tha Madlcal Airitory Coanlttee a atattaeat was subaittad to tha Saoka al Paata Coaalttaa coaeeralag Bala 62 tad Ita offset, if adoptad, opea tha haalth aad welfare of tha individual aad tha ctoaamlty la tha Loa Angalaa laala. Za Jaaaary of 1959, tha tacotlra Secretary of tha flhoka aad Poaaa Comdttee sobnltted, for tha laforaatloa of tha Soboarlttee oa Ataoapharle Foliation aad tha Nodical Advisory Ooaalttee, tha following papara which wwra proacatad by patrolana industry rtpra seatatlTss at tha Satloaal Coafaraaea oa Air Pollution hold in Vuhlagton, D. C., Bovwahar 1 - 20, 19581 1. "Report oa Aeeo^Utaaats of Patrolaoa Zadastry in Air Foliation Abatf t " , by Dr* Jarry NoAfaa, Oalf Oil Corporation* 2, "Control Methods and Procedures...." by L. C. Barrenis, Shall Oil Coqpony. 3* "irrita by C* A* Jonas on Transportation Soareat) Patrolaoa", aa prtaitad la paaal dlacaaaloa oa Sourcaa of Air Foliation. h. "goareaa of Air Puliation la Oil Refineras? by 8* SOdth Oriaaold, Air PoUatioa Control Offioar, Loa Other artiolaa hare alao bean raoairad fron tha take aad Fonts Omettes aoneamlag tachaioal aspectt for oar guidarne. Stasa nay bV inspected at thia aaatiag aad opoa oonolssifla of thla matin*theywlll bo forwarded to Or. N. W. Ooldhlatt ia April, 1959 JQO C. SUBCO , N. 0. Chaixam, flabcoaaittaa oa Ataoapharle PoUatioa, Madiool Advisory Coaalttaa, Aatrieaa Patrolaoa Instltcto API 07530 APParoix L Tl1!! Esso R e s e a r c h a n d E n g i n e e r i n g Co m p a n y (/u x u t u t . r \t.4Spaki) on. o u r m o p u l s t l o u p a x y ) I. O . 11 O X 4 !i , L I M K N . N , J . MEDICAL R E S E A R C H DIVISION M g CCKASOT fHO Mo s VH*CCNNoOmCaKeeioccm e H w MSCSC MAASASOOCC H O M O February 17, 1959 Hr. Blner 0. Mattocks American Petroleum Iaetltute 50 West 50th Street lev York 20, lev York Dear Nr. Mattoeka: This letter vlll inform you of the current statoa of the Aaerlean Standards Aaaoclatlon'a Uniform Industrial Hygiene Standards Z-62 Coealttee. Five vrltlng groups have been appointed and are currently starting the preparation of material for the standard. The vrltlng groups are listed as follows. Chemical Agents Holes Mr. Rimer P. Wheeler, Chairman Mr. Joseph A. Houghton Sr. Barman C. White Sr. C. U. Semehl Mr. Prank Patty Sr. Levis J. Cralley Mr. Herbert T. Walworth, Chairman Mr. Joseph A. Houghton Col. Jack C. Carmichael Sanitation, Housekeeping A Personnel Facilities Temperature, Hmrtdlty A Air McnrmacTit Mr. Jack BalIff, Chairman Mr. Herbert J. Weber Mr. L. B. Berger Mr. Prank Patty Sr. John V. Grimaldi Mr. 1. . Hendricks, Chairman Mr. George R. McCormack Mr. . B. Johnson Biological Agents Sr. I. GalliTan, Chairman Sr. John H. Foulger Sr. C. U. Semehl Sr. Levis J. Cralley API 07531 Mr. Elner 0. Mattocks -2- (L-2) February 17, 1959 Mr. Yaffe, chairman of the Z-62 Committee, has provided the vriting groups vlth specific Instructions and Is asking that the first draft of this Material he completed by early suMer. Very truly yours, t*JL+ ]! V* HiaitjKlOffl HVH:nev cc.: V. C. Baird, M. 0. API 07532