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Toil, i; FOUNDATION FACTS ' September, . A--** . a Thla awi.jtttr is teud raontbir to munbor OMBMatM tad trad 4Moci4Uont iOU*t*4 with Air BrvloBO FoandAUoa. its purpooo is to roport roa&dBttea bows tad tctlviUM. Air Hnrton* rmiadBtleB u B partBorshlp of industry on* oeloec* onsalsod to protoet tb health of tbo X| aimon woriCBMa ta btory Industry. f--PIAINTIFFS wq~r Are You Missing Any Bets? V A safety engineer in a company iliated with Air Hygiene Foundation was recently obliged to design some exhaust ant. He spent much time and effort looking updata, none of which prov .pful. After the installation was pletod - the engineer chanced upon two of Foundation "Design of Exhaust Hoods" and "Design, Work for Ex! ained: ' ` all me about these bulletins?" what X wanted!" duet on know his Founda' pliable in his organization gathering user didn't know such bet ai exlatod, didn't e Foundation, didnJ^SS ^ what services the Costly coses Director, urges Foundation' Infoxa all interested indivic Foundation and tho services tl describing these services is en{ bution through your orgoni: you have a complete file upon request. (See Jukj(INTO* of the Foundatioa'.s<$Swts'tfies during tl , n. Dr* E.B. Heller, Managing a. the value of their memberships, of your Mfbershlp in Air fygio&e through this membership. A circular onol copies are available for distrr--- board posting, etc. Incidentally, do Publication lists are furnished pp 324-25, for a good account v^nr^ Progressing for enimEfrffiwMwg arc progressing for the 4th effliuftl meo at Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Kowwl ,, Ition for presentation forces expansion or^a?p:_ ,, 'conference this year* The program is being kt/ed^o Make for Healthy Business* * , of Air Hygiene Foundation wealth of important a one-day to a two"Eealthy Workmen Technical data Include: Reports on Foundations^^engineering research at Harvard by Philip Drinker, Chairman of tha Preventive Engineering Conmlttoe; reports on Foundation's medical research at The Saranao Laborator^M^Univarsity of Pennsyl vania by Dr. L.U. Gardner and Dr. E.P. Pendergrass, rospootl^j^y* Reports on latest dovolojments in employee health protection by Dr* A.J. Lanza, &f|}xman of Medical CoMsittee* Dr. Lanza will also preside at a symposium on absehtbeiaa which will develop measures for uso of member companies in reducing lost time through illness. On the managements! side, Andrew Flotohor, Vice President of St. Joseph Load Company, will point out specific dollar-ond-cents savings resulting from proper health precautions. V.P. Ahaam, Executive Secretary, National Industrial Sand Association, is to preside at a forum deslgnedto show tho importance of employee health in all employer-employee relationships, the impact of health on labor and community relations. Theodore C. Waters of the Foundation's Legal Comitteo will discuss legal trends and devolop&onts of 1939 effecting industrial hygiene. .1* HVOKNI *UM Air Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc., 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa, September 13, 1939 OK INDUSTRIAL DISEASES (A) News It 621 FOURTH SHI' SARANAC LAO. ABSTRACTS OF PROCEEDINGS OF 23, 1939. Industrial Uaditint :iNG AT >61 (August jWdical it studies aoqptistrative, i: abstracts of the and those interested in ceedings of the meeting, addition to any industrial the date of publication, in next month's abstract here upon printing the foimer meetings, herally, followed by th the discussion of the of the subject. Excellent issue of Industrial Medicine erred to that publication. The prdlater In the year, will make a valuable ory. More detailed information as to obtain it, and price will bo given s of all papars will also be given THIRD ANNUAL DEPARTMENT ICXHE, K0RTBKEST3IN UNI7ZR- SITY The DepscSiehk^ls conducting its Third on Industrial Disease nan September 25 and 26, 1939 Chicago Cempus. Re Is limited to physicians, Indus engineers, bygien- jarsonnel and industrial relations entlflc sessions in- le discussions of the following subjects: onh-tub palmonory diseases, Sidney diseases of aid-life, soap as an agent in Ajsluat dermatitis, welding-- gas and electric, and a discussion of comon bon ~ ,t usee of some poisonous metals and alkaloids. All the speakers are well uthorltles in their fields. The registration foe for tho two-day sclont rograa is $5.00 with an additional $3.50 for the banquet sossion at the emA'^^fea meeting, (3) Papers on Dust, Dust Diseases and General Industrial Hreiein-^ 623 CLAUDE BERNARD'S TORE ON EXPERIMENTAL FNEQDCQHXOSXS. 0. Rosen. Bull. Hist. Mod., J7, 412-16 (April 1939). This is on interesting short paper on Bernard's experimental work in the 1850's. Bernard was unsuccessful in experiments on rabbits over whose heads ho attached bladders containing coal dust. At the end of several days' exposure the animals were killed but dust particles could only be found in the nasal chambers and none were found in the larynx and there was no black pigmentation in tho lungs. Bernard attributed this to the filtering action of the tipper respiratory tract. As others pointod out a few years later, Bernard's animals were not oxpoaed lesg enough to produce on accumulation of dust in the lungs. References to Recent Literature - 2 624 SILICOSIS FRSVUfTIQN. ZEST CONTROL IN FOUNDRIES. Division of Labor Standards, U.S. Dept* of Labor Bulletin (No Number) 25 pp. (1939) For sale by Superinten dent of Documents, Washington, D. C. Price 10 cents* Silicosis control in foundries can be accomplished by two notbods, both of vital importance* First, preventing dust generated by industrial operations from, cater ing the working atmosphere; accomplished by affective local exhaust, dust collect, log systems, and wet methods. Second, by a number of foundry practices, includ ing good industrial housekeeping, isolating dusty operations, and Integrating dust control with production* This fcjmotin deals with simple, inexpensive methods and practices of dust coqs^PSp* does not describe elaborate systems that^g* now coaDarcially availabl^Q) It has been said that good housekeepii ' the cfeggpMt singly offoctirf^yatiSontrol measure* A number of operatic * tlces af^givenld^ihj K^w&ttd on with the dust hazard in mind, wi: reducing sure to silica dust* 625 PAffBDLOGY dl Biasi. Deutsch* med. 369-372 (1939). ( The autho; of the largest ho Ruhr coal mining area _ lad aAcnee, lie stre fact that so tar as we dust does anthracotic fibrosis is errair<4 silicotic coal du- ear tissue of other origin, lomd with coal dust! eat evidence that silicates pro- duet fibrotic tissue, th a descAption of the pathclcg- leal and anatomical alte inhalation of quartz dust and a state- aent regarding their dev important to realize that early silico- sis can develop without f h it may do so vary slowly* An example is cited of a ears after exposure had censed, This is explainod by cie acid is gradually evolved from tiny dust foe on los^m changes. 626 SILICOSIS, and FDunamoio^hiL Had. Ind 73-117 (February 1 Case 19 mole workers with ount of the vaAous difficult! nary lesions, all or a part The kind and duration of tho patients v with the x-rays* Most interest is centered)#! tuberculosis* The author points out the poaaibllV be confused due to the tea used "silicosis with "silicosis with danger* or "silicosis without dang1 Berncrd-Silorcta, Hess. of infection ere given, Ration and diagnosis of inhalation of silica nted upon in connec- s of silicosis with _ ss advanced cases aey ion" and suggests that uld he preferable* 627 QUANTITAOTB SPBCTB0G8AFHIC DETSraCKATIOlf OF SILICON BLOOD. C. Richter. Arbeltsschutz, 141-144 (1939). (German)* The author descAbes carefully tho analytical procedure, ^^namined tho bl., i of 30 persons, 12 young man of vaAous occupations, 7 isvolig^ilicotic miners. 4 other silicotic miners and 7 other workers of wbem 4 were silicotic. Tho .sili con content found wossusswhat higher than that hsretofore reported--8 to 28 =4. silicon per 100 cc. blood--and was a little lower in the silicotic* than in tie others. The author adds that additional work Is needed. 628 SFOmKZ&tJS RODMOTHDRAX IN ANTHRACOSILICOSIS* Ji. F. Sokoloff and J* T. Farre*., Jr* J. Am. Ued. Assoc., U2, 1564-66 (ApAl 22, 1939). Tho authors compare tho incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax (the presence -f air or gaa in the pleural cavity) in simple and in complicated p&mnoconiosis. Of 507 anthracite coal miners, all incapacitated by chronic pulmonary disease and all having anthracoeilicosls, 308 ( 60.7$) had a coexistent tuberculosis; :se References to Recent Literature - 3 feed a metastatic pulmonary carcinomatosis; end 199 were uncomplicated. la the entire series of cases studied, 22 coses of spontaneous pneumothorax (4.3#} wore found, 8 haring second- and 12 third-stage onthracoallicosls. Fourteen occurred in association with tuberculosis. Sorea were found among those haring simple pnouBoconiosl3, and one in the case with carcinoma. Intense dyspnea, a sense of impending suffocation, severe pain in the chest, a feeling of constric tion on the affected side and shock wore symptoms present in many cases; small collections of air produced no symptoms and tho condition was discovered only by routine x-ray. Roentgonologically, 4qT condition must be distinguished from emphysematous blebs and pulmonaTY>^sfr^ While emphysema, blob fonnntioa, plough adheaionaare always presa|ro)ln asthracosilieoais and are factors w grcatXj?avor th^dovelofm^a^^f pneumothorax, -ind whilo the frequent coe; of tubej^ulpsiix^w-theififtrajiiccoap'inying cough furthor predispose accidont4<>thls etfeGX^iofaextly decreased by tho always prcsenVgm^^earie- ceral ppileo^n^JJic^p^lmrtcaring or perforation and thus offer^w$ctual pro- taction .tion of pneumothorax. This explain* incidence of pioural 3f>) in this group of anthraciteffeSegianiners with anthracos. 629 TOTS ANTERACqsnjMsWr 2.R. Wiese, C.A. Robert Cl entg. & Ra&raosafr., 42, 136-91 (August 1939), is presented t buUdS^f^^G blisters or voslelss filled with fluid) of the luh seosllleosls which was ubservod- jby the authors over a perl< They believe the ease to be unique because of the nultiplici'' of the bullae, which could readily have been mistaken fur spontenedt Diagnosis was confined by gross post-murt findings and tiun* The importance of differential diagnosis between bull? ' __ ho: emphasized and a discussion is given of the two coj in cc(&nvdtlo m&physeme of tho lungs. AN X-RAI LUNGS OF Y/0HQCP&? Tafc&SlESTOS INDUSTRY COVERING A PERIOD OF. A.ff. George and Leoraq^ Radiology. 33, 196-202 (Augusj The.f>>. \ V- discuss some of the conduaii :e examining asbestos workers, icy ;hed after on extensive occupation should be by itself because tho hazards of etc The must important able with occupation is the percentage _ the dust which con cause the development of a silicotic condition in, addition^to the asbestotlc one. The authors ore of the opinion that asbeetosis lssjo^a progressive disease after the indiAdual has bean removed from the They feund also that the disease has no causal relation to tuberculosis. ^_ fclike silicosis, X-ray appearance of tuberculosis and asbostosls ore quits di^flttapt. They found no clinical findings pathognomonic of asbeatosis and state<Sk diagnosis of asbes- tosia must depend alone on X-ray evidence. 631 PULMONARY A5BS3T0SXS. V. A REPORT OF BRONCHIAL CARCINOMA AND EPITHELIAL META PLASIA. E.K. Lynch and WJU Smith. Am. J. Cancer. 36, 56V-73 (August 1939). The authors present tho ease hl3tory of a patient with pulmonary asbeatosis and carcinoma and, la addition, make a contribution to the statistics on the incidence of carcinoma and asbeatosis. During tht past 12 years in 2343 consecutive necropsies (35 coses of asbeatosis among them) ths Incidence of carcinoma was 0.30$. Omitting the asbeatosis casos ths incidence was 0.21#. Among ths asbestosls casos (35 in msber) the incidence was approximately 6# (2 cases), but the statistical value of these figures is questionable boccuse of ths small numbers. Ths authors also note ths observation that advanced asbestos!* may load to bron chial epithelial metaplasia of a type encountered in other location* where cy lindrical epithelial may give Asa to squamous-cell carcinoma. IHF Sept 1939 IWHOOO118 References to Recent Literature - 4 632 AS3EST0SIS. Z.W. Baader. Deutsch. mad. Wchnschr., 63, 407*408 (1939). (Carman) A abort but excellent description of the origin, clinical aspects and diagnosis of pulmonary asbeatosis. Asbestos warts and lung cancer of asbestos workers arc discussed. It is comparatively rare to find asbeatosis complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis is Germany, 633 TUBERCULOSIS IN INCUSTRr. A.R. Riddel^ Canadian Pub. Health J. 30, 156-160 (March. 1939). The a)ft$or concludes that "oitho atlon of cortain occupations to the occtStt^hce of tuberculosis is sa disquieting, industry in general doos constttp^) a a< ctlw He states that "industrialization 4fts raised'^ living as to more than counteract .my influenc tries exert." Insurance reports indMp^Jhigher death rate as contrasted with non-industrial c^ouwxfh tho seme community hich may exert cn adverse effect^nmjt&dustry' a tuberculosis sod, particularly posture on^CoraKrowding. The results o ed plants are revoalingf? TnJmportaace of tuber culos is illustrated b^pMrattions on a series of 3^eb^S>whi ch o during thoju&ft^&yeors and one. group in here the.tdSwwsioa of tuberculosis tc con- tac*8 was particularly fKX of tuberculosis exerts a se- ere strain on tho tho results of treatment so fnfr as the individual worloannV^f^, not enecunging, few are ever again pezsonontly self-supporting of preventive measures for early detoction of cases is urea should include cheat roentgen- ogrens, supplemented by 634 TUBERCULOSIS AND 112, 1990 (May A man wbo ck of caisson dl$ss4 that t were normal althov later develop_ ed active tuberculosis logttSk ffiancction betweon these two condl^' ;uborculosis was preseat origiaaHy^B^> (Queries and minor notes; lmost complete recovery. At jgrems were takon. A year y states that thero is no uite possible that protod. OF THE OTECTS 0? EXPOSURE TO DUST IN MILLING OF FYRO- PHYLLITE. 3.7. Zasom, M.7. Trice and C.C. Carpentesr, ion of Industrial Hygiene, North Carolina Stato Board of Health and K*r Carolina Industrial Crn- mission, Bulletin, 100 pp.' (February 1939). For e^y tho Division, Raleigh, N. C. Price 50 cents. Pyrophylllte is a natural hydrous alumlnim silicate 20 alvnina, 74^ silica--of which from 25jt to 35 is quartz. It is the manufacture of rubber goods, textiles, roofing papor, soap, paint, to reparations, and ceramic products. Exposure of worti&en in mining and milli cesses, which are inherently dust7 occupations, constitutes a serious many of them develop a lung condition designated as pnotaoconiools. The pyrophyliito dust causos a pulmonary fibrosis which appears on the x-ray film as massive tmor- like shadows bilaterally situated in tho sub&pleal region or as granular dens ities throughout the lungs. Efephyssa is cosnon and nodulatlon rare. The path ology appoars to be poronnont and tonds to progross. Tuberculosis is not neces sarily a complicating factor. The examinations reported here cover 101 present and former employees; 35J& of those with 2 years or more exposure showed evidence of lung pathology. The bulletin also includes methods for dust control, mserous reproductions of X-rays microphotographs many plant and mine scenes. References to Secant Literature - 5 636 OCCUPATIONAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS OF MOSTALITT. M. Greenwood. Brit. Med. J., pp. 862*6 (April 29, 1939). (British). This Chadwick lecture is based upon the occupational decennial reports of the Regi3trar-Generai with special reference to the last of these reports which deals with the years 1930*2. Tho first of the series was the work of William Farr in 1851. His successors Ogle, Tatham and Stevenson, each in his turn added something to the method and value of the reports. In the hands of Dr. Stocks the latest report contains many new arffomportant characteristics. The primary object throughout has bean to sbow^Ai^influence exerted by occupation upon health^as measured by mortality<V?gM*?rial diseases have thus been expos* in pap^bular tho due to ijph^ing^dust, of which silicosis is the outstj exam; ^ into great social classes the influej prosper: and this influence Is further esta^u^UA^w by lncludl wives of occupied men. Clearly, eZMnrtho wives and a similar tendency to succumb to soaM^wof death, we cannot to soma oocupational^kra&e of tha man. We have geographical enAroa^eptln whichthe wives shore s bousing, stm-Solays an important part, eve: Simda^aj&Caadwlck. We have to refjpe^P today upon influences, os we sadly lad^>infoimatlon eo 'or correlating sickness with occupational factors t 637 OCCUPATIONAL MORTALITY: rS DECENNIAL SUPPLHONS, BCLAHD AND WALES, 1931. Editorial _j 110*116 (May 1939), This ediorlal makes avail journal same of the results of the excellent study made by s office. (See preceding abstract.) Tables aro presonted idlty ratios at agos 39 to 65 for cancers of varioutf^jgjj by sox, Social by marital status for the fmales. Sona 6r^piscuasians and^cond from the original artlclo are quoted. ^ (Cz& zr s=> :rrr among aiFLoms in , 1930*34, H*P, Srlaton Seifert. U.S. Public Health Re 6 duly 21, 1939). iper deals with slcknasa and sonisd causing disability itlng 8 calender days or longer among persons epgag Vtho soap industry. kTho annus) aunber of cases per 1000 was 76,0 fos^kalee, ' for females, while the annual number of days of disability per person: iij 2.7&,/and 3.41, respective* ly. The average uaber of days per case was 35.3 males and 34.8 among females. Frequency rates by occupation among males ed from 31.8 for office workers to 134,9 for soap handlers and process laborers^ 9* rates were asso- elated with strennous manual labor and low rates with er end super- visor/ occupations. 2p) 639 THE ACE BREAK IN THE INDUSTRIAL POPULATION OF 2ECBJ0SAD5EtU>S. Niewohner, Arc. f. Hyg., 122, 1*19 (1939). (Goman). The laborer reaches his working peak at 40 years* la Germany today thero is a great deal of Interest in this "age break* ami possible methods of delaying it. It la not known how much weight to assign to natural physiological aging, and how much of the process is due to the years of hard work preceding the break. The author presents statistical material on the age breaks song miners and among persons not performing mihmi labor, but many of his conclusions aro sot well founded. If a more thorough comparison had been made with other groups, it would be found that many of his conclusions would apply to all workers and hot only to miners. References to Recent Literature - 6 640 TBS HH1ICAL nXPABSUBft AND ITS RELATION TO OTHSl PERSONNEL ACTIVITIES. H.W. Lawrence. lad. Mad, , 342*7 (August 1939). Compensation laws, benefit plans, sick and accident insurance, are oil bringing to the waployer tho realisation, in a financial way, that human failure is a matter of coat In a manner Ter? similar to machine cost. This is why the med ical departments hare assumed 30 ouch importance during the past few years. It is throught the medical department that the best relationships can bo built up between employee and employer. The medical dopartmont has a vital interest in workmen* s compensation cases, in ind^nrlal and public relations, in employment and rehabilitation, in preventiv%^ffifciiSties of the safety and health department and^xa^he training and educaiionnlOepartaents. Industrial physicians must<^6^ and^^oble medical practice but in hua&n rel&t 641 WATCHD 1939) Tho industs lovel in ample Earner. Hat, Safety Mows, 40 ;es his chief contribution to complete physical is id and described ln> (per ler hoalth program for 642 CEMENT Llscussion inelud precipitation, listrib currents, etc. A study none had acquired active o. oxposure to the dust. Sine rather calcium silicate seems to have exhibited^ Zooeet, , 30-35 (1939). (German). , methods of collection and. distances carried in normal ait cement plant worker* showed that nary tuberculosis during docades of es not contain free silica, but Hfi>nna in reaction, this dust 643 TE2 CEMENT 3CHN<SN^W'Meherin and M* 1322-1326 (A*AT^i939). ^ Am. Med. Assoc., 112, The authsMj&jgs the literature on earned*?b an avevfic^emposition of Portland cemc^i er. Ho presents in a table Silica 22%, ate.) and con- rel 55%, sand 29%, cement 3%, >otween 11.5 and 12. five definite' of cement in solution in the production of sum: (1) abrasive action while mnnlpul^i^jL concise, (2) friction, (3) of solution, (4) marked hygroscopic actlo^rond t$/fcxkallne corrosive action. Sixty cases are reported which had a totQ>.dls^Q4ity of 640 days, or an average of 10 days aaeh and an average troatmeitf^gf 14 days each, seven re quired hospitalisation, of which 6 ware Infected ofthdpgh infections occurred in a total of 13 oases. Pain was the chief symptom brining the patient to the doctor's office. Cement burns are theoretically prwve^gg^o by the use of dry boots and gloves, frequently changed, showers and compulsory bathing, and the application of heavy petrolatm where practical* Treatme^ynansists in prompt lavage with watar, never with chad.cal neutralisers. The Cr&dt which forms is usually loosened within 24 hours by soothing ointteat, leaving a fairly clean, ragged but simple ulcer. Once clean granulations appear, cod liver oil in oint ment proved satisfactory. 644 AH ELECTRON MICROSCOPE AS AN ANALYTICAL TOOL TOR THE LOCALIZATION 07 MINERALS IN BIOLOGICAL TISSUES. G.H. Scott and D.M. Packer. Anatom. Record, 74, 17-29 (May 25, 1939). Tho apparatus is described and illustrated. Its principles and application to the examination of biological tissues are discussed. References to Recent Literature - 7 645 DsnacBwnoH of the fineness o? Portland cbont. note on the wagnbi torbibi- UZXE. T.W. Parker and R. W. Nurse. J. Soc. Cham. lad., 57, 456-438 (1938). (British). The authors describe same modifications of the American Wagner turbidimeter apparatus and methods* The British Standard sieve No. 300 (separation at 70 microns) is used with 1*0 gm. of assent and 250 cc. of kerosene in the determin ation of slave residue* In the preparation of the suspension 0.3 mg. of cement is made into a paste with 5 drops of olfllc acid and 5 drops of kerosene on a polished porcelain tile, then made u^STthe standard volime with kerosene; a machwital rotary shaker for the SmiHeawnt coll is substituted for si ing;'i^4mbridge %4.pivot mlcroemma^ef with a range of 0*60 microamperes in tho ^dt$ezmln&*^L of tj^TOraLdlty* A standard sample of cement obtj the Bur&im Stesftr^mmB^HL specific surface of 1890 sq.cm* per_sm i*he above modifiedvaetiiu^^SNSatpared with 1900 reported by the Buroi ^ 646 DETHdCNAn C SURFACE Of POWDERS* II. P*C, J. Soc* Cham. Ind British) The pe; clflc surfaces of is shown to give on ac . w . to an average si. microns. Independent o^fe^^3iape and a "' Y ` the method and its merras compared to tlTraeghpds ere The method was previously described by the autho series, noted in Abstract 3^, 1939* Zt is the only one she hods which gives accurate measure- sent of small size partic whieh makes the largest contribution to numbers and total surfac dusts* 647 CL2ANBB AND R? BQUXHQNT. National Safety Council, Industrial gust 1939). >! _ Nc^; K Nat. Safety News, 40 , 38 (Au- The principal h^^Ma^ot unclean equi dexsatltis and rashes due to ccwatrarLjJrthe contaminated Insures the preven- tion of tJme^RiditloBS and Insures valves, filters, screens, etc*^fflafchod recosmended In cloaaing' , metal, plastic, tex- tik^Idpvler or fabric construction soap and water solu- he use of solvents such as carbon line and naphtha Is recommended* Several methods of fated, the one to be bllowed depending on the type of material pertinent sugges- tlons regarding the use and care of rosplrators l*>2^cli 648 ABC's OP INDUSTRIAL DUST CONTROL. PART II. TOTS OJ^#feOBLSXS ENCOUNTERED. Roy P* Warren* Occupational Hazards and Safety, 1, 11-3 Ntagjjst 1939)* Regarding reasons for tha installation of dust control %gameat, Industry might be divided Into two groups: first, those to wfccm the seew^for dust control is retroactive, or who here suffered financial loss from litl$$sfta, fires, explo sions; second, those desiring only increased quality, reduet&ft of losses or gain in operating facilities* It is pointed out that tha reasons of those in the second group are just as important and benaflclal as thosa of tha first group. The great increase in the installation of dust control equipment has been due in a large measure to the realization on the part of management that the equipment usually pays for itsalf by one means or sMthsr* 649 AN ALL-GASS FLOWSTER WITH INTStCHANBEAHLX ORIFICE. Ch. * Indus*, 58, 514 515 (Nay 27, 1939). (British). Describes and illustrates a flovmetsr of dstailed construction that is easily cleaned and filled* References to Recent Literature - 8 650 ADEQUATE VENTILATION AS A PROFIT SUHD. Fred Merish. Steel* 3 pp. (July lo, 1939). During e reeeat study of ventilation in. industrial plants, ?0$ of the plants visited were found to be using some form of obsolete or inadequate ventilating system. Industrial ventilation is an Important part of plant operation that management baa many times overlooked. There are numerous evidences of increased production, reduced cost, and better product in addition to better working con ditions that have bees brought about by comparatively inexpensive installations of certain types of ventilating equinw. Installations should be supervised by expert ventilating engineers ss thjkdjroeuis connected with thm are sometimes more^dOTicult than appear on the^rShade. 651 mvtxr Cone. Rat. Safety Revs. 40, 26-7, 1939). In many c bocause c when installed are not completely scrasactbry ipts are not clearly understood orth^tmSSance of soma details proper us dated. Major items in this eajCmstpwe: (1) the ;es~imhcho branch ducts; (2) thejtecth^)involved in pro. viding futiw4paeity; (3) necesten^MMlflcatlons for daslgn (4) the hazard fsj^rjSmrculation of deanad colleciaf^>mdvfit>4nj urious di (C) Papers on Industrial Po r 652 THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 07 LEAD: AH EVALUATION OP THE LEAD HAZARD 0? THE AVERAGE XHE t. Physiol. Rev. 18, 554-577 (October 1936). This is an excellent sun ations In rogard to lead poison- lag. It covors brlofSSrafcV roblcms related to the subject, such as distributtSbx^sCjAoad, a survey^of load exposures, sources of "normal" lead^aart^e like. There is^en usslon of the amount of lead causing nd the methods of here is also a discussion of the fcfig^emEcal and chemical action body. The article is prac- ticaU&aSfclrely a swary of the existl ^ irat^p^and as such is extremely with the important references^ on TOL$xhale a good evaluation points of view. As it is writti an^fiifefc^lgator who has con- >uted valuable material to tha jroblmi, it^h^ vers^h^enient way to become 'readily and authoritatively conversant with the^reaont Yagjs^odge. ?.5Z) 653 PATHOLOGIC CHANGES IH RATS AHD Hi DCGS FED DIETS CGSaQaNO LEAD ARD ARSENIC COMPOUNDS. COMPOUNDS USB): LEAD ARSIKATE, ARSENIC TRKfcPE, CALCIUM ARSHMIE, ARD LEAD ACETATE L.L. Pinner and H.O. Calvary. Arc^ojD Pathol. 27, 433-46 (March 1939). This paper gives a preliminary and incomplete report of axg$ that were carried out on young rets and dogs. Lead and arsenic compo1 added to on otherwise nomal diet. The positive gross and alcroacople a were as follows: The rata that received 1.28 m. of lead acetate over a period of 6 to 7 weeks ware undernourished and tho hair was dull. Thara was an average decrease of 17$ in hemoglobin accompanied by a decrease la the avmber of red and white colls. Basophilic stippling was observed in the rod cells. The weight of kid ney, spleen and heart was increased. The long bones ware fragile. Microscopic study revealed a heavy deposit of load in all the bones. Animals receiving 3.53 ag. of lead arsenate over a period of 10 to 12 weeks were essentially nor mal on macroscopic microscopic examination. Rats given 107 ag. of arsenic trioxide over a period of 6 weeks showed hyperplasia of bene marrow. Rats given 107 mg. of calcium arsenate over a period of 6 to 7 weeks showed edema of the Reference to Recent Literature - 9 abdominal subcutaneous tissue end an increase in weight of spleen and kidney, 13 and 31% respectively. Dogs whose intake of lead acetate averagod 1.3 og. per kg. per day showed 3igns of an iavclvment of the central nervous system, the teeth were spotted and the bones showed a deposit of lead. In the dogs receiv ing less lead acetate, 0.33 ag. per day, thero were no central nervous system symptoms. The bones were found to be brittle and there was a decrease in the size of marrow cavity. Sidney changes were present. The authors concluded that small amounts of lead and arsenic added to the diet acted as tissue poisons. 654 BASOPHILIA. AJTSR 3RXN8ZNG L2AD-C0WTABP *AIS>. A. Winkler and H. Wiesbrock. ZtschzSvf. Hyg. u. Infect. 121. 4^27^^939). (German). The ^gtmjrs examined the blood orhAool children in two Tillages. In the flrslTTUlmg* th^tfcter confdSfcd xrp to 2.3 ag./l. whereas in the second tho wat^wms til&Bj&t gmrmp&ll amounts were found. In the latter only 9 cradren's ttLos&SwpcL 300-500 punctate erythrocytes per mtf&N^'and 309 had vcls^be^fift ^In the first village 13.9* of the chl^&tS&d 300-500 6.456 had 50Q*10fl6h\snlfc5w^&ad over 1000. Tho highest alue/4suAa^ns 2300, 655 C0NIB01 STE^PLANT. E.D. Martin. S3, 35, 457-63 (Hay l|l Le^dBT^Soncentrati 0.25% in st s to the metal certain bdSSlotSl qualities _ orifice al properties. The maau- faewe and use of the toys. .. the necessity of adopting- certain roles pertain! in ths plants. The first pert of this paper is devoted principle of lead absorption and lead poisoning in the body, fo a discussion of the air sampling apparatus and technic that particular plant lead saa- pies at a nvnber of poia locations where it was necessary to Install the avenge exposure below dangerous 1 doors also to estimate possible ataoapqafiV^Otlutioa by thc<Iteel result of the survey and the applicatiam2rQe methods of d " showed that it is not unreasonafrftr(jgppnalve to control an A succeeding article is to ts&SefnAe problems involved era of leaded steel, such burning and handling. POISONING. Edited by B. Behrens. 9,, Bull. No. 10, ,, 133-150 (1938). (German). ^ 'One of the authors, H.H. Jansen, loscribes obsorvs$Ihas os^feeurltls Ischladica and trataatic epilepsy after acute benzine poisonifijfe^In the first case there was Injury to ths nerves of the legs with alsttat 00 tj^4ency to heal. The second case was considered os one of epilepsy directlp^a^ated to tho poisoniag. Tho third was a ease of early tnisatlc epilepsy after agfifc^ benzine poisoning as a result of prolonged injury (localized). Another autfie^y?. Quensel, des cribes a case that was first thought to be one of disseminasg^cord disease from acute benzine poisoniag. Some years latar Quensel hod fhp'opportunity cf examining tho patient again. A section showod the presence of centers of multi ple sclerosis. On the basis of these findings, ths dlssnse and accident history a connection between the benzine poisoniag and the sickness was not accepted. The appearance of multiple foci of softening after acute bonzlne poisoning thus has not boon proved. 637 THE USE OP fflfrCTMZ IN RUBBER SOLUTIONS. Soldehofe. Arbeltsachutz, pp. 30-82 (1939). (German). The author experimented on the use of rubber solutions with benzene and benzine as adhesives. He concluded that seams could best be made with rubber-benzine solutions, but a specially strong seem is achieved by employing a 12% benzene solution. Ths German artificial rubber "Buna" needs benzene or toluene. References to freest Literature 10 658 CASS OF POISONING 87 HXTC02S2N2. L. Walterskirchen. Wien. klin. Wchnschr. 32, 317 (1939). (German). A nan was sevorel7 poisoned by taking & teaspoon of nitrobenzene, but improved rapidly after ha was gives an intravonous injection of chroaosmon (methylene blue) with 33# dextrose and 0.2 ng. strophantin. 659 ACUTE ASSSHIC POISONING. W. A. Porter. Virginia Med. Monthly, 66, 148-151 (March 1939). Bosldos the usual treatment of arsenic isooing Porter used 800 international units of vitamin Bi daily. The ritaai^tfas the absence of diarf Bi hasfck'dtfinite^&ace in t ture in the patients receiving the s his belief that the use of vitamii of toxic neuritis from metal polsj Prompt net occurred after the vitamin Bj, had miniate 660 ACUTE A3SEX Vergiftsf., A nan sprayi ed and had^j^S^the lunchrf^ co^jg)I^Pit from tJ abokCtwo weeks laterN ducmiin clretaferance* less pronounced three moat POTATO 800 INSECTICIDE. 3. Symans 1939). (German), jticide for shout three ho sight he vomit- >rning he was unable broad as usual for his sThe arm boesmo lacked feeling; ho could not When he was examined Lder eft, weak, and somewhat re- lib: Thsse symptoms were somewhat iteri s are given in detail. ! 661 DAMAGE TO TBS MID3RAIH AND CAKBOK MPHggPS INTOXICATION. 7. Ditmanr. Deutsch. aed. 0-02 (1939). (German) . The paper concerns a fir exposed to small concentrations of ftsaos and carbon mnirjirr of a true polycythemia: en- langemeat of the ssh^llincrcase o'f basal >11, erythrocytosis (6.91 million), leucoo^non^T^lymphopenia >ais. There were also symptoms of injury to/A>mgonlni nervous 1 ., disordered gait. The author that the polycythemia be^e^tldered as an adequate phys- ioloU^^tulation against the carbon Its oceurrenco with the symtiSmirs^r tho midbrain refers to an lrrli .of tibeXaervous centers; addi- serrations concerning this colncid ory. CULAT0R7 REFLEX OF THE CAROTID SINUS IN CARB(^lfi0XZ1^^XS0NIl. H.N. Kayser. Arch. f. exp. Path. 190. 248-55 (1938). Barman). At 50$ carbon monoxide saturation, complete oceluslMf^y clamping) of the caro tids in cats results in decreased blood pressure and hd&trate. This apperont reversal of the usual response of the circulation (via t&&)carotld sinus) to such stimulation is shown to disappear after atropin* ca$&^2ol, corenin or vagotomy, end is therefore to be ascribed to disturbances heart muscle, the vessels or the sensory andisgs in tho carotid sinus. A M^lar apparent re versal of the reflex function of tho carotid sinus is attainable by clamping the carotids in cats which are anemic or have increased intracranial pressure; tho soao procedures cause this anomalous response to disappear as In carbon monoxide poisoned cats. The suggestion is made that carotid occlusion in cats already suffering from reduced oxygen supply to the medulla results in sufficient anox emia of this area to excite strongly the vagus center, impulses froa which mask the usual carotid sinus reflex. It is striking that simple reduction of oxygen In tho Inspired air intensifies the normal carotid sinus roflex, never producing the apparent reversal described. References to Recent Literature - u 663 aggfflflHTAI RESEARCH OK RESPIRATION DUKB8 CARBON MONOXIDE COMA, ITS MODI7ICA- TXON BROUGHT ABOUT Sf 8ZLATSUL VAGOTOBCf, TEEABIESr WITH METHXL2NE SLUE AND IN HALATION OP CARBON DIOXIDE. L. Di Prisco. Folia sad. 17, 173-181 (1939). (Italian) In experiments on rabbits during carbon monoxide coma, there was no Cheyne- Stoices respiration, only a simple dyspnea with increase of frequency and depth of respiration which became slow and arrhythmic in the pro-terminal stage. Bi lateral vagotomy slows the resplratlonj^intravenous injection of methylene blue no. effect, but inhalation of oxide increases tho respiration rata >ves the general state. 664 IOPHPO )UE Snatana. Arch. Xntorn. Had. 760-777 This is toxic nephritis, two of than fatal^Q^d&^inhala- tlon of c e vapors, with on excellent diacuaaixaap?eview of the liters' excellent Ulustratlona of reapk BMtooogy. The author concl: tlon to hepatic damage, ca^onyt^nehlorldo poison- lag soaoti roten&gA such asmnsurlnor anuria, nitrogen xn^^llaaia, white blood cel&) 'rar blood c caste-^gaft bile. Tho aanJttfclfeoasle for the clinical rea al amptons is na: ction of the apacas of Bow- ?> with elbtnlnous pr the lining cells, and swol^l- lag and Tacuolatlon of 'ftfij .Is' convolutod tubules, (3) by &*- generation end necrosis os distal convoluted tuhulaa, and of those of the loops of Beni tlon, and (4) by the prosonce of grsn- ulsr, hyaline and cellular , with plugging of their linens, Concretions ere present, finance of which ore obscure. Var- lous clinical and pat discussed. ` boa tetrachloride poisoning are a* 665 AMOUNT 0? BLOOD DT EXP! MENU BT CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, CSLOROFO SPHDRUS AND IN MBS THE LITER. D. Yanagihare. J. C Assoc. 29. 37-57 (Jan (Japanese). In htal poisoning os well as whon le^duC^is ligated, free phencl increases gradually. Tho no noteworthy change. Excretion of p. Ech's fistula and the hepatic artery lig&t coa&ajmsd phenol, however, tSS&ine decreases, with n doglKfjfree phenol in the blocd increases, the conjugated phenol falls, ThgsClt wdald seen that tho de- tonification of phenol is not a specific function^dfethe liver. 666 METHODS FOR THE DETECTION 07 TOXIC GASES IN INDUSTRYCARBON BISULPHIDE VAPOR Groat Britain, Dept. Scientific * Industrial Rosearch. (May 1939). (British). $&) This is the sixth la a aeries of dascriptlons of simple mamma for detecting various gases encountered in industry. The method for cartomjeisulphide does not differ greatly from the other methods previously noted. Semplos of tho air arc drawn by means of a handpmp of definite capacity, through a bubbler of alcohol containing the reagents -- diethylamino and copper acetate -- and the mixture allowed to stand. The color, caused by the compound dlethyldithlocar- baaate Is compared to standards previously made from dilute solutions of carbon bisulphide in alcohol. Concentrations down to 1 part in 120,000 can be estimated by tho method and tho testa can ba made by non-technical personnel. Concentra tions of the gas in the range of 1:15,000 to 1:30,000 have been shown to be slightly toxic and a preferable limit would be 1:100,000. References to Recent Literature - 12 667 DETECTION 07 CABBOK BISULPHIDE. A. Castiglioni. 2. anal. Chou, US, 257*59 (1939) (Osman). . The reaction between piperazine and carbon bisulphide can be used to advantage for the detection of the latter; in concentrated solutions in alcohol a pole yellow precipitate of piperazine-carbon bisulphide is formed. Tho tost will serve to detect 0.5 ag. of carbon bisulphide at a dilution of 1:2000. 666 RADIUM POISONING PROM WATCH DIAL minor^otos) 112. 1655 (Hoy 6f J. Am. Med. Assoc. (Queries and A woiaa\has necrosis of the superior maziUae. Until 12 years other ^pas si was tested then and found nogativ^ d be suspected, end her body nutv radio-ectJW is a/I of references. 669 BLOOD A* Stazzl Sxperimen and POISONING B7 BABIQK SALTS.* tifekj&lezzl and 44-55 (1939). (Italian). arium chloride and berlm^gltroar. Minimum, toxic smallest ones lneiWnQpd changes, larger ffoct, and lateri r 11 one, lending event* 670 the cramps or diet Public Health Reports, _ Experiments made on rats selonltai is largely dot ium, which is highly toxi tain-high carbohydrate ' a diet of high protefifi that the toxicitjw3$f^s^!enium, wi determined aare^CTnfce protein-sele mention iWMgto^any possible co diet aarame^wSorption of selenium by SBJHZUM. M.I. Smith. U.S.j ; 1939). * city of naturally occurring food factors. A level of intelce of selen- ng when fed in a diet of low pro- hazsful, If at all, when fed in Available evidence indicates ts as to levels of Intake, is p by the seleniimi level. No 1 . vthe protein content of the in the food. 07 DXNXT3&TOLU2HE AND PATSD1 Courtois-Suffit Lad. profess. 1, 294-7 (1939). principal toxic effect of dinitrotolueae fcgidts .e inhalation of its vapors. The rate of absorption in workers who are^hro) coholies is greatly increased. The principal effect is on the nervovm^' and the blood. The author reviews his experience with this chslcal * or mills. 672 SIN BJOT 7S0U GIC&LOBODISrHILSCLTIDE RZICAINING UNEteA7DKSB RING. E. Gillart. Med. Gin., 35, 428 (1939). (German). A druggist working with e substanpe containing dichlorodira^lsulfida neglected to reaove his ring when washix^. A severe Inflanation brom^ut a few hours later, beginning at tho ring, and he was incapacitated for d^fcoafcs. 673 TOXICOLOGY AND H2GI18B 07 CHROMIUM. J.A. Labat. BuU. trav. soe. phaxm. Bordeaux, 76, 191-201 (1938). (French). Tho toxicology of chromium compounds is reviewed. The destruction of organic natter with nitric-sulphuric adds, oxidation of trivalent chromium to dichroaate with sulphuric add, silver nitrate end potasslm thio sulphate, and tost with diphosylcarbazide to produce a red color are described. References to Recent Literature - 13 674 APPARATUS TOR 1CCR0ANALT5IS OF GAS, C*H. Prescott, Jr. and J. Mbrrison. lad. and Eng. Chm. U, 250.33 (1939). This article describes modern refinements of apparatus end technic for the rapid analysis of minute amounts of gas. On samples of 5 to 25 cu* am. at nor. mol temperature and proasure, analyses may be made with errors for each component within 2$ of the total sample* The errors arc within 9$ on quantities of gas as anil as tho proverbial limit of 1 cu. mm* Tie methods doscribed are available for water vapor, carbon dioxide, hydropefc, carbon monoxide, oxygen or methane* One hoin* is required for a coapleto^eolral analysis. Under special conditions ths let detectable quantity of raempenent may be pushed to a limit of 0*02 cu* mJj equivalent, to the cggfcQn maoride In 1 sq* cm* of a mono-moloculi 673 A NEW R.3. Brock* Chm* and Ind*, (April 1, This detec principle* It 1* however, a del of the Redwood .pparatus* The size has been overall di- mensions high by 5-1/2" and to th accessories of 16 e o^J^nipulation of tho fltt or all other opora- tlo Increased. The Redwood d ^ ^ ir BovinggSged book "P uai^An Great Bri ch is described in Products," has been the determination of petro- 1cum vapors, and still e in that country* In the , ' United States, the RedwoU bally unknown; in this country, ! eloetrlcal detectors of t hove been developed during the last 10 years to such a st that they surpass any other type in accuracy, compactness, oas safety* Therefore, it Is doubtful that even ths present Sdwood Detector will find many users hare* 676 CONTRIBUTION 'LOGICAL STUDrUF WORBRS* Reale. Rnss. Med. Xndusjr, -27 (January 1938^ A clini was made among 800 wo mine in Cagliari* A com- a various comon illnesses and a control group and a description of a well is localized strictly m r limbs is given* The effect on th: tory tract and the di- ive system cited by sane authors was not N$fM*ed s maintained that dermatitis comes from the necrotic, caustifi^iad action of tho salt coming in contact with the skin but since ths>)arevi< many preventive measures which can be taken, tho author suggests d^gp^inees, and elimination of excessive contact of moist skin with the salt* 677 HEALTH DOUBT IB MANUFACTURE OF BATH SALTS. P. Rossiag^Aerztlich. Sachvor- stand.-Ztg..- 48. 57-58 (1939)* (German). ^0) Two workers engaged in making a bath powder fell 111 with o^mJiitiJ, gastritis and diarrhea* The symptoms are traced to the sodiia bicarbo%te, sodlua borato and sodiim hypoeulfate which the workers shovelled in a poorly ventilated room* 678 INDUSTRIAL HXGIBJE IB THE PRETENTION OF DERMATITIS. G.C. Harrold. Occupational Hazards and Safety, 1^ 24-7 (August 1939) Previous articles of this series have dlscussod mechanical cloanliness within the plants, as well as personal protective devices in canon use. This covers the general subject of personal hygiene and sanitation rather than environmental sanitation. Given the proper equiiaent with which to work and tho proper cleans ing agents, towels, etc., it is up to the worker to make proper use of them in the prevention of industrial dermatitis* A careless, sloppy approach to any operation will Intensify occupational hazards Involved* Suggestions are given as References to Recent Literature - 14 to the providing of proper facilities for tit employees. Washrooms should be adequate aad properly equipped. The selection of the soap should recoive care ful attention* and a good description of this subject is given. The Talus of good personal hygiene in the prevention of industrial dexnatitls cannot bo over emphasized. 6?9 DERMATITIS GAUSS) BY A NEW INSECTICIDE. L. Schwartz and L.H. Warren. U.S. Pub lic Health Reports, 54, 1426-35 (August 4, 1939). Experiments on animals with most of thg&nsectlcidee show that they are toxic and 1rotating to tho skin, and ii^^fQient concentration are capable of pro- due: petrolem distSS)evwhich is usually usad as a solvent ' the H .so toxic^OKi, ef not specially treated, is irritati: tho s) The lectj iksaportod here is a product known as isothioc* in tho piaa*> siuiuf< twith pyrethritt to obtain the toxic el product becamo seriously affects until the contact. It iclosed and sxtreoe precautions tGkonige^fbi .that dezsatltis producing in*ec(<f4ujirsuch os one should whan sold to the public. 680 CASGXROflBttC'Aff ATMOSPHERE AMDtfBStgtff&E OP PRIMARY TUMORS IN Campbell Path. (April 1939). (British), The'^ftthor has coat s on sMBStaMtSm that might induce lung toners. He mployed chimney sool uet pipes of engines burning heavy oils. Bats were to for 10 slnutes an hour for 6 hours, 5 days a weak for 1 year of both groups was well within the lim^ its of that for tht control of lung toners was somewhat higher, Of those exposed to exha nag 10 nonths or aora developed tuners. The noat activ 'or Is dust from tarred roads. Data ore also given on nl akixS^ pal: with "ter* from these substances. MORTALITY OF THE SON IN RTALITY FROM CANCER OF OTHER SITES: AN. OF OCCUPATIONAL CS OP E2CLAND AND WALES. S.g. Co 5111. An. J. Cane) 1939). The resent many tables showlx^ tween mortality from can- skin and free cancer of other Thtf .ueak down the occupation- ributlon within each of five social to confix the report- Inverse association between the above to canceri/xin fact the data sug- feest that occupations shoving a high mortality tbe akin and lip tend also to show high rates for cancer of other 682 OCCUPATION IN HEARD TO CAKCIR OP TEE SEE AND ADNEXA 'l^fe,PRACTICAL POINTS FOR THE OPNrffATMDinmg. L.A. Lane. Am. J. Ophth., 22. 26fo8TO (March 1939). In an earlier paper (title will be given on request) th^Mtrapr presented a study of cancer of the eye in different occupations. In t^Wesent eae, data on 900 cases are gives regarding distribution in different g*$9P*, types of lesion, anatomic location, ate. Workers exposed to sunlight sfrlus tar or chem icals in scab cases) had a rata of 20.#; a large group necessarily Imped to gether as miscellaneous accounted for 72)1. The author urges that more careful occupational histories be taken in cancer of the eye cases--not only description of the exact Job but length of time held and previous Jobs. Follow-up work in oye clinics Is sold t.*- be lees extensive than in most cancer clinics* 683 POSSIBLE NEPHROSIS FROM PAINTS. J.Aa.M#d.A*soc. (Queries and minor notes), 112, 1854 (May 6, 1939). A girl with nephrosis has been for several years a painter In a furnituro factory where she usee lacquers, turpentines and oil'paints but has done no spray point ing. Nephrosis alone Is seldom 3een as the result of exposure to benzene; it is usually accompanied by oxuBla, leucopcnia, etc. It is possible that turoontine may e&use tEaTtrouhtt but this carnet bo stated definitely. References to Recent Literature - IS 684 DEBtATITIS FROM RED LEAD. J. Am. Med. Assoc. (Queries and minor notes), 112, 1749 (April 29, 1939). A man employed palatine Betel with red lead tor 6 months developed a general erythematous and intensely pruritic dermatitis that covered almost the entire body. He stopped work iamediatoly, but in spite ot constant care and hospital* lzation, it was 1 year before the condition cleared up. By patch test he was found to be definitely sensitive to the paint he had been using. The reply points out that red and white load are net widely employed in paints now; some of the plpieats substituted are listjMKSl well as the solvents. Dermatitis due to sys>^ic lead poisoning has neev^Welrreported. 685 X. OF quotient nr rest and wo. xx. TXON PRO nr HEAVY WOHC. XXX. WORK CAPCITY AND 17. AND FATIGUE. 7. RESPIRATORY QUO oxygen CONSUMPTIONS en end 0. Hansen. Skand. Arch. Physiol 137*189 (1939). ( The helmet Lindhard gives more tory quotient valuos wit >sub, than the Douglas met long periods the latte: 'is i er oh3 ently accurate eous determinations of dloxl a show that t tory quotient attained 10 _ minutes efti le processes reliably, well*trained subji Iwoi at a rate of 1120 kgp./^ln. An increasing proportion^ went on but even at the end, | when blood sugar was 92 ag rgy was being derived from carbohy. irate. The proportion of od depends on the available supply and on the work intensity. The * von a high carbohydrate diet could carry on this work 2 to on a high fat diet. Correspond, lagly, sugar lngestio e capacity for work. Relief came before the rise itory quoi uggested that under such condl. tlons fatigue matfWai&r on corebral s: tcttS-nriaciated with hypoglycemia. In submaximal act^lt^^osstant values f innate and carbon dioxide may be _ respiratory qustient aaaSUMS^Betabollc processes. When blood ftdiifr is Increased the resplrato: ^losr^han a steady atata is attsn wiceeds the resting level. If constant vwi5|uaro not attained, as is >rk, the extra respiratory quotient* sovery depends on in* lactic acid combustion. Ketone bodlei , utllizable by icle,' may be supplied by the liver when the >ly is low. The ro- duced capacity for work under such circumstances aay^depei Ja the limited cape- city of ths liver for mobilizing ketones. ' 636 I. HJLSZ FREQUENCY AND BODY POSITION. II. THE 2FFECT&MSS OF BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION 3 7ARX0US BODY POSITION. IU. CIRCULAIORY XJgJjJFICHSCY IN THE STANDING POSITION WHS NORMAL ARTERIAL PRESSURE AND RmJCmNfNUTS VOLUME. 17. THE DZP2HDBJC3 OF QX SULSI FREQUENCY DURING WORK 09 BODY jSBZSXON. E. Aamuasea, E.H. Christensen and M. Nielsen. Skand. Arch. Physiol., 81, ^^-233 (1939). (Skaadinavian) When the body is supported passively at an angle of 60 with the head up, systolic blood pressure is unchanged, pulse rate Increases at once and minute volume de. creates. With the heed down at the same angle, the pulse rate is less than in ths horizontal position aad minute volume is the seas as in the horizontal posi tion. All these changes ore associated with distension In the one case, and collapeo in the other, of veins in the legs. The response of the pulse to changes in position is an important clamant in the compensation for changes in venous pres sure arising from pooling of blood in the veins below the heart. A suddenly pro. duced hyperemia in the legs produces in the erect posture a great decrease in systolic blood pressure. This dopond^s on ths combined effect of poeture and of References to Becent Literature 16 bypermtta la the ztranitits. The effect is sail la the horizontal position end may be absent la the hoed-dewnmirds position, whore tha affect of aaoxvia is opposed by the hydrostatic factor. Symptoms of circulatory insufficiency vara seen in the erect posture: absorption of water from tho gut and renal excretion were reduced* The diminished minute volume must be looked upon not os a regula tory adaptation but as a disadvantage* Arterial blood pressure is maintained by restriction of blood supply to the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Sxperlaants with arm work in various body positions proved that. Just as in rest, ths pulse rato depends to a considerable gwJnt on the hydrostatlo displacement of blood: 5\tbe blood depots cannot fi@)^cpyensate for the pooling that occurs wl tha bOdy))is passively supported^ath&Aagle of 60. 687 8ZLATX7 )CY heat rcssrpmost--goacAL Sheard, 8*X* Both and 3.T. Horton Bfays. Therap*, _ 1939) Continuing about two years ago, tha suthorajdflbte*6dditlOBQl observations prtonce of tha extremities in tluProtftTol of body heat lots irnture, or tha interna^haaVproduced, is changed Alteral .ty had little oradnNm upon akin temperature S4SWSST' IS of persona ~ arth peripheral vascular differences are held to be of ceolderable treatment. . t SLSCTBOCARSIOGHAFEEC WBSU VSA8XN0 A NAS. X. ' OBSERVATIONS ON HEALTHT A. Tide. Ola. Vehnsehr. 18, 438-61 (1939). Bisal nation of the lltern' trd^r^ographic changes during work with masks show that there lo subject. The preseat authors examined 20 young pc for 1 minute with and without a 25 lb. weight. UnmttjJfere observed ijc\bbot tea, but were especially groat whan the extrtfemjfare*was borne. Change** ^Heration. of pulse, increase of systolic b^o^nisure, usually a sh e time* etc. The authors belleve>1$a\tha changes are due to lack v to defective respiration (stricture of air passages). BEAT STOKE WITH APHASIA. J. Am. Nod^^ioe.^mirlea and minor notes), (Nay 13, 1939). _ digging a cellar in the hot sun suddenly lost sonseXgu^aesa, a condition which porsistod for 4 days. At tho hospital he had^nbnoxBil temperature and excessive sweating. On regaining consciousness, be wf^ound to havs motor aapbaaia, apraxia, paragraphia and partial auditory ap$a*& but not alexia. Bight hmaiparesls and hamispraxla ware present* Ho renal, caidse or other organic symptoms ware present. Tho symptoms have not changed in e^Ssths since the acci dent. In the reply it la stated that heat stroke probably responsible un less tho man was perfectly free of organic disease before tbtf^sma. With beat stroke, the temperature would be 104-108 with comm and ineredied spinal fluid call count. Ordinarily in boat stroke there is widespread ganglion call damage giving rise to hsmiplegla, paraplegia, ataxia and aphasia as wall as convulsions and psychosis. Ths ease described presents tha typical picture of heat tThnustlon, not heat stroke. 690 KTTB1OT HXFERFYHSXA AND TBOLONQ2D CONVULSION ACCCKFANIXNO HEAT STBOEX. C.C* Fitzgibbon. Calif. 4 West. Ned., 50, 360 (Nay, 1939), A man working all day with the tmaperature at 105 in ths sheds had heat stoke with continual convulsions. Ths axillary temperature was above 110--as high as ths thsxsometer would go, and he seemed on ths point of death. Ths convulsions lasted 1-1/2 hours until they wars relieved by treatment with ice packs, saline References to Recent Literature - 1? injection, 3-3/4 gr. eodlut smytal, followed by eoraln, cafftin and metrazol. In 1 hour ho was bettar and ecopleto rocovary took place after a week in tha hospital. Blood and neurological findings aro given. 691 REACTIONS 07 G7FICZ WORKERS TO AIR CONDITIONING IN SOOTH TECAS. A.J. RuebsI, 7.B. Giosocke, W.H. Badgett and A.T. Noses. Hsating, Piping and Air Cond., 12, 323-329 (May, 1939). Despite the intensity and duration of er heat In San Antonio, Texas, the sost comfortable effective tenperature f oe workers (71.9) was found to differ which similar studies have bean made, ie past >ars. As preferred a tenperature 2 higher* Ltt] >uble out'] to have been experienced fro* "entrant , so long as the indoor effective ck* on leaving the oooled office waraesssmpor-- the entire group, and in acne persoa^ltfjfng several siooer cooling was fovorablo Kj^fcne subjects, rsront in Z3%, ' 692 w LACK. T. BenndBrQfr. Opita end V. Sehoedel. ilol. 71-77 (NoveaM^ <193$). (German) Ents were oi narcotyM^msnorphlne and pemocton, the sodix salt of butyl .urip 4$iU *%y naans of aerphlne-pernoetep narcosis, the sensltlTii the respiratory center of dogat can be greatly reduced, respiration by oxygon lack remains constant* In such an on is regulated by the periodic oxygen lack resulting froa the in the alveolar spaces. The length of the pauses in the with increasing oxygen content of the inhaled air. >rs t results ere obtained if, Instead of deci sensitivity for 4ioad.de, the tension of carbon dioad.de is 1c fcapnia thro atioa). THE SWAN ORGANISM Acta Biol. Ssptl. 12 it in low-pressure chanbersTat motors) for 10 hrs. par day over h^.39 to 7.09, alkali raservo was reduced' fczlde.per cent, oxygen capacity sad the aaab slderably. Intravenous injections of 90-100 ng. per kg. body weight of cmnonlut chloride In aoxael call count and oxygen capacity. The adaptation of low baroBstrlo pressure took place such acre quickly C PRESSURES. 7. Goebel (Polish) mercury (altitude .months. Blood pH fell 8 ml. of carbon cells increased ccastratlon of 0.5 g. produced increased roddogs to conditions of 694 SYPHILIS, MALARIA AND aXOBW DISEASE AS INDUSTRIAL EA&ti&fraf THE BOOTH. C.7. Holton. South, lied. J. 3^ 1011-1016 (193S). ^-3) The author has routinely taken Vasseznaan teats of all works^-ssnt to bin for treatment of industrial accidents. He believes that syphilis, malaria and hock- woim dull the aiad and tend to soke the patients accident prone. In one plant, of 300 Negroes tested, 100 gave positive reactions. A clinic was sot txp in the shop, treatments given, and any worker refusing treatment was discharged. la the past 8 years tha maber of accidents has dropped markedly and tha plant now pays tha lowest Insurance rate possible for the industry. Malaria is increasing ta the South. It is so enervating that workers suffering from It aro not efficient and frequently need to take time off. Hookwozs also decreases the writers' gen eral health. The author believes both of these diseases are aieh acre prevalent than is generally realized. Reference* to Heeent Literature - 18 695 roams COHSBCL XK A C32KICAL HJDUSTECZ* G.3. Gohnatm.* Am. X. Syph. Goa., Tea. Sis., 22, 623-30 (1938). The author, as maoical director of the duPoat Company, supervises the health of 40,000 workers, and he wrltos of the problems involved In syphilis control. Syphilitics oust not he allowed tc work where conditions say aggravate the dis ease, and mist not work with tutorials (such os cellophane) that sight spread in fection oaoog the general public. Tha^fohilitic in a modern, sanitary plant is not considered likely to infect his^jdfflSkjf workers, and he does not seat sore proan^tt^such complications as infetffaaf'or poor union of fractures. Cornea] ulcer^^svor, aore^aancon^tBong infected persons. Since 1934 the cospony^^ahad x^gwa |pna)al laboratory where an average of 100 have boe&&aS4 96S7(^t^V&4nw employees are toated and assy othass (retested annually. ^^d^epl^cMsevwrhecoBa infected cannot rsnln unless 4Q^tSe ade quate treatsftrist. 3BsiMnaagr now gives frae treatoents to all d^opsaot get proper treat^&BBiggffiMe^Thia practioe was begun when itnu^rad that send ing workerfe4\wM^ov<dB3fcrs or to clinics did not J*re\M$Lsfactory results. 696 Nisbet Blod^egar plates The authors find that the Multncsah County BstpJ present in the surgery The greatest proportional rii by staphylococcus alhus. TBS MAJOR SUMSSoMEft MULTNOMAH COUNTY 933Surgery JjCToMl (1938). surgttl^tSo minutes, then ineubated. fterla in the major stsgery of ;loaal to the stmfeer of people > on the floor proper of the surgery. Is aanifested by the streptococci and 697 OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE Veroffeatlich. Oeb. Volksgee- undhelt. 52, Ho(Gezadn). The author coU^S^iaforBatlon from/il^ 11 from industrial organiza- tions, and Twefcamlth unit personnel^ zmlog dkinfaction of pre- cincta seldce suffer lafectlo elves--not one serious casejM(Keovored in the last 10 years ifie immunity is ac- aubelinicol infections. Aaong t oyed, mercury causes seasee as do eresol compounds; chlo tatlon of the bucous rones, formalIns onuses chronic eczemas, disorders were evere enough, however, to cause any nan to c h&s oSjgg^tioa. Mem employed In destroying Infected animals, however, were BorSt"^jtt^ danger. 698 A CASS OP SILL'S SISKS! CAQSID BY LEPTOSPIRA SS7ROS,<^9QMPANZD BY USUNGITIS AND PARALYSES Of TBS LOIS STRBGTT2S. 7. Morteasma. ^CcStpt. rend. Soe. bial., 130. 1510-12 (1989). (Geaaan). The author's patient was a faimer who suffored high tm^ara&re, headaches, voaitlng, and pains in the back and extrwitlea, along witlj^0d jaundice. Meningeal synptems persisted after the others had disappeared^ On the 20th day, paralysis of the legs developed but this was somewhat improved the following day and 2 Booths from the onset, the patient was almost well. The serological tests gave strongest reactions with Leptospiras Sejroe. 699 ANTHRAX nr XZX (KOSTSLA VISION). A.W. Greener. X. 9fg.. 39, 149-153 (March 31, 1939). (British). A short deserlptlon of anthrax outbreaks on mink fazms in lagload. The danger to husans working on infeoted a3rm* is printed out. References to Recent Literature - 19 700 TOBACCO POLYNEURITIS* 7.V. Eepp. Dtsch. Ztschr. f. Nervenhlk. 146, 182 (1938). (German). A man, sged 29, worked for 2 years filling ears with tobacco extract and solder ed them. la this occupation lie was exposed to the tobacco vapors and soiled bis bands and work clothes with the fluid. Thore were no major complaints during tbe first year of this work. Luring the second year Turisee and vomiting, severe headache and profuse diarrhea oocurred^tlsappearlng Immediately whan he stayed at home, for a couple of days* Duripg^St lost weeks before his admission to the hosp^S^he experienced mmbness iKSsm^and legs, weakness asd unsteadiness, and as^Kln eras and lags. The examination sluggl tic gait, ataxia in finger*to-noae hoel-to power in both legs* Pain, tperatj touch se be decreased in hands and feet, elscrcia^tms re- glon of peruneal nerves; tendon roflexedgteffiweak and Romberg posl stimulation of the muscles gsvp^npB. results, No sco eoslsophilla of 19%. All^igagJStappeared in a month n B treatment. 701 'SIX AC (Cuban). Thiels a comprehensive with tablet to calculate motility, and a formula schedule for various opht by outlining a mnher of t to-Neuro-Oft., 7. 97*78 of Industrial eye injuries*, vision, visual field and ocular tal paroontega disability. A fee is also given* The author concludes erlng. 702 ROHE 0? TBS COMaTTZS INDUSTRY. Arbeltsschutz, pp. 86- 127 (1999). (German) This is a seriM^w Sra on various \B^ses .trol of noise in Industry, Discussion pfrai^nn several types o> ered. such of It vtry In Be paper a description ~ physiology of hearing 13 de with the effoot of noise RSfOVES FCBOS* Anonymous. Net. "SflSter . 84 (September 1939) fcfiptlon is given of unique facilities for^TB&ring^CTwr during spray palnt- The pointing Is dona over a 7 x 12 foot gmlpg tn^w^floor through which the air is exhausted at 200 ft. per min., sufflelo^Oo nominate the necessity of a booth or partition of any kind around tho opefeq$itfc The fima-leden air is washed with a chemically-treated water spray in a tank/jElrectly below the grat ing. Exhausting downward makes it unnecessary for the^ep&etor to ever get in position where he can inhale the fimea.