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ABD00318281 S-194 31:5801 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS SUBPART I -- PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29, Chapter XVII, Part 1910, Subpart I; 36 FR 10466, May 29, 1971; amended at 36 FR 15105, August 13, 1971; 37 FR 22231, October 18, 1972; republished at 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974; standard provision revoked at 43 FR 49726, October 24, 1978; amended at 49 FR 5322,February 10, 1984) Subpart I--Personal Protective Equipment 1910.132 General requirements. (a) Application. Protective equipment, including personal protective equipment for eyes, face. head, and extremities, pro tective clothing, respiratory devices, and protective shields and barriers, shall be provided, used, and maintained in a sani tary and reliable condition wherever it is necessary by reason of hazards of processes or environment, chemical haz ards, radiological hazards, or mechanical irritants encountered in a manner capa ble of causing injury or impairment in the function of any part of the body through absorption, inhalation or phys ical contact. (b) Employee-owned equipment. Where employees provide their own pro tective equipment, the employer shall be responsible to assure its adequacy, in cluding proper maintenance, and sanita tion of such equipment. (c) Design. All personal protective equipment shall be of safe design and construction for the work to be per formed. 1C 10.133 Eye and face protection. (a) General, (l) Protective eye and face equipment shall be required where there is a reasonable probability of in jury that can be prevented by such equip ment. In such cases, employers shall make conveniently available a type of protector suitable for the work to be performed, and employees shall use such protectors. No unprotected person shall knowingly be subjected to a hazardous environmental condition. Suitable eye protectors shall be provided where ma chines or operations present the hazard of flying objects, glare, liquids, injurious radiation, or a combination of these haz ards. (2) Protectors shall meet the follow ing minimum requirements: (i) They shall provide adequate pro tection against the particular hazards for which they are designed. <ii) They shall be reasonably comfort able when worn under the designated conditions. (ill > They shall fit snugly and shall not unduly interfere with the movements of the wearer. (iv) They shall be durable. (v) They shall be capable of being disinfected. (vi) They shall be easily cleanable. (vii) Protectors should be kept clean and in good repair. <3) Persons whose vision requires the use of corrective lenses in spectacles, and who are required by this standard to wear eye protection, shall wear goggles or spec tacles of one of the following types: (i) Spectacles whose protective lenses provide optical correction. (ii) Goggles that can be worn over corrective spectacles without disturbing the adjustment of the spectacles. (iii) Goggles that incorporate correc tive lenses mounted behind the protective lenses. <4> Every protector shall be distinctly marked to facilitate identification only of the manufacturer. (5) When limitations or precautions are Indicated by the manufacturer, they shall be transmitted to the user and care taken to ace that such limitations and precautions are strictly observed. (6) Design, construction, testing, and use of devices for eye and face protection shall be in accordance with American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection. Z87.1-1968. 1910.134 Respiratory protection. (a) Permissible practice. (1) In the control of those occupational diseases caused by breathing air contaminated with harmful dusts, fogs, fumes, mists, gases, smokes, sprays, or vapors, the pri mary objective shall be to prevent at mospheric contamination. This shall be accomplished as far as feasible by ac cepted engineering control measures (for example, enclosure or confinement of the operation, general and local ventilation, and substitution of less toxic materials). When effective engineering controls are not feasible, or while they are being in stituted, appropriate respirators shall be used pursuant to the- following require ments. (2) Respirators shall be provided by the employer when such equipment is necessary to protect the health of the employee. The employer shall provide the respirators which are applicable and suitable for the purpose intended. The employer shall be responsible for the establishment and maintenance of a res piratory protective program which shall include the requirements outlined in paragraph (b) of this section. (3) The employee shall use the pro vided respiratory protection in accord ance with instructions and training received. (b) Requirements for a minimal ac ceptable program. (1) Written standard operating procedures governing the se lection and use of respirators shall be established. (2) Respirators shall be selected on the basis of hazards to which the worker is exposed. (3) The user shall be instructed and trained in the proper use of respirators and their limitations. (4) (Removed) (1910.134(b)(4) deleted by 49 FR 5322. Febru ary 10. 1984] (5) Respirators shall be regularly cleaned and disinfected. Those usea by more than 5-10-84 [Sec. 1910.134(b)(5)] Published by THE BUREAU OF NATIONAL AFFAIRS. INC., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20037 35 ABD00318282 31:5802 REFERENCE FILE one worker shall be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected after each use. 11910.134(h)(5) amended bv 49 FR 5322, Feb* ruary 10. 1984) <6) Respirators shall be stored In a convenient.-clean, and sanitary location. (7) Respirators used routinely shall be inspected during cleaning. Worn or deteriorated parts shall be replaced. Res pirators for emergency use such as selfcontained devices shall be thoroughly Inspected at least once a month and alter each use. (8) Appropriate surveillance of work area conditions and degree of employee exposure or stress shall be maintained. (9) There shall be regular inspection and evaluation to determine the con tinued effectiveness of the program. <10) Persons should not be assigned to tasks requiring use of respirators un less it has been determined that they are physically able to perform the work and use the equipment. The local physician shall determine what health and physical conditions are pertinent. The respirator user's medical status should be reviewed periodically (for instance, annually). (11) Approved or accepted respirators shall be used when they are available. The respirator furnished shall provide adequate respiratory protection against the particular hazard for which it is designed in accordance with standards established by competent authorities. The U S. Department of Interior. Bureau of Mines, and the U S. Department of Agri culture arc recognized as such authori ties. Although respirators listed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture continue to be acceptable for protection against specified pesticides, the U.S. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Mines, is the agency now responsible for testing and approving pesticide respirators. ic) Selection of respirators. Proper selection of respirators shall be made ac cording to the guidance of American National Standard Practices for Respira tory' Protection 288.2-1969. (d) Air quality. (1) Compressed air. compressed oxygen, liquid air, and liquid oxygen used for respiration shall be of high purity. Oxygen shall meet the re quirements of the United States Pharma copoeia for medical or breathing oxygen. Breathing air shall meet at least the re quirements of'the specification for Grade D breathing air as described in Com pressed Gas Association Commodity Specification G-7.1-1966. Compressed oxygen shall not be used in supplied-air respirators or in open circuit selfcontained breathing apparatus that have previously used compressed air. Oxygen must never be used with air line respirators. (2) Breathing air mav be supplied to respirators from cylinders or air compressors. (i) Cylinders shall be tested and main tained as prescribed in the Shipping Container Specification Regulations of the Department of Transportation (49 CFR Part 178). (ii) The compressor for supplying air shall be equipped with necessary safety and standby devices. A breathing air- type compressor shall be used. Compres sors shall be. constructed and situated so as to avoidi entry of contaminated air into the system and suitable in-line air purifying sorbent beds and filters in stalled to further assure breathing air quality. A receiver of sufficient capacity to enable the respirator wearer to escape from a contaminated atmosphere in event of compressor failure, and alarms to indicate compressor failure and over heating shall be installed in the system. If an oil-lubricated compressor is used, it shall have a high-temperature or car bon monoxide alarm, or both. If only a high-temperature alarm is used, the air from the compressor shall be frequently tested for carbon monoxide to insure that it meets the specifications in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph. (3) Air line couplings shall be incom patible with outlets for other gas sys tems to prevent inadvertent servicing of air line respirators with nonrespirable gases or oxygen. (4) Breathing gas containers shall be marked in accordance with Americar, National Standard Method of Marking. Portable Compressed Gas Containers tc Identify the Material Contained. Z48.11954; Federal Specification BB-A-1034a. June 21, 1968. Air, Compressed for Breathing Purposes: or Interim Federal Specification GG-B-00675b, April 27. 1965, Breathing Apparatus, Self-Con tained. (e) Use of respirators (1) Standard procedures snail be developed for respi rator use. These should include all infor mation and guidance necessary for their proper selection, use. and care. Possible emergency and routine uses of respira tors should be anticipated and planned for. (2) The correct respirator shall be specified for each job. The respirator type is usually specified in the work pro cedures by a qualified individual super vising the respiratory protective program. The individual issuing them shall be adequately instructed to insure that the correct respirator is issued. (1910.134(e)(2) amended by 49 FR 5322. Feb ruary 10. 1984) (3) Written procedures shall be pre pared covering safe use of respirators in dangerous atmospheres that might be encountered in normal operations or in emergencies. Personnel shall be familiar with these procedures and the available respirators. (i) In areas where the wearer, with failure of the respirator, could be over come by a toxic or oxygen-deficient atmosphere, at least one additional man shall be present. Communications (visual, voice, or signal line) shall be maintained between both or all individuals present. Planning shall be such that one individ ual will be unaffected by any likely inci dent and have the proper rescue equip ment to be able to assist the other(s) in case of emergency. (ii) When self-contained breathing apparatus or hose masks with blowers are used in atmospheres Immediately dangerous to life or health, standby men must be present with suitable rescue equipment. (iii) Persons using air line respirators in atmospheres immediately hazardous to life or health shall be equipped with safety harnesses and safety lines for lift ing or removing persons from hazardous atmospheres or other and equivalent provisions for the rescue of persons from hazardous atmospheres shall be used. A standby man or men with suitable self- contained breathing apparatus shall be at the nearest fresh air base for emer gency rescue. (4) Respiratory protection is no bet ter than the respirator in use. even though it is worn conscientiously. Fre quent random inspections shall be con ducted by a qualified individual to as sure that respirators are properly se lected, used, cleaned, and maintained. (5) For safe use of any respirator, it is essential that the user be properly in structed in its selection, use, and main tenance. Both supervisors and workers shall be so instructed by competent per sons. Training shall provide the men an opportunity to handle the respirator, have it fitted properly, test its face-pieceto-face seal, wear it in normal air for a long familiarity period, and, finally, to wear it in a test atmosphere: _ (i) Every respirator wearer shall re ceive fitting instructions including dem onstrations and practice in how the res pirator should be worn, how to adjust it, and how to determine if it fits properly. Respirators shall not be worn when con ditions prevent a good i'ace seal, such conditions mav be a growth-ol bear?, sideburns, a skull cap that projects under Uie facepiecer or temple pieces on glasses. Also, the absence oi one or Doth dentures can seriously affect the fit of a facepiece. The worker's diligence in observing these factors shall be evaluated by periodic check. To assure proper protection, the facepiece fit shall be checked by the wearer each time he puts on the respira tor. This may be done by following the manufacturer's facepiece fitting instruc tions. (ii) Providing respiratory protection for individuals wearing corrective glasses is a serious problem. A proper seal cannot be established if the temple bars of eye glasses extend through the sealing edge of .the full facepiece. As a temporary measure, glasses with short temple bars or without temple bars may be taped to the wearer's head. Wearing of contact lenses in contaminated atmospheres with aTespiraior shall not be allowed. Sys tems naVfi Men GCVflGped tor mounting corrective lenses inside full facepieces. When a workman must wear corrective lenses as part of the facepiece, the facepiece and lenses shall be fitted by quali fied individuals to provide good vision, comfort, and a gas-tight seal. (iii) If corrective spectacles or goggles are required, they shall be worn so as not to affect the fit of the facepiece. Proper selection of equipment will mini mize or avoid this problem. (f) Afginfenance and care of resvirators. (1)A program for maintenance and Occypotionol Safety & Health Reporter [Sec. 1910.134(11(1)] 36 ABD00318283 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ------------------------------- -- 1 1" S-194 31:5803 care of respirators shall be adjusted to tors, may be placed in plastic-bars. Res the type of plant, working .conditions, pirators should not be stored in such and hazards involved, and shall include places as lockers or tool boxes unless the following basic services: | l hey are in earn ing cases or cartons. (1) Inspection for delects (including (ii) Respirator; should be packed or aleak cheek), .(ii) Cleaning and disinfecting, (iii) F.epair, (iv) Storage j stored so that the facepiece and exhala tion valve will rest in a normal position , and function will not be impaired by the elastomer setting in an abnormal Equipment shall be propel ly maintained ' .position. label: "For respiratory protection in at mospheres containing not more than ---------percent by volume of_____ _______ (Name of atmospheric contaminant) (iii) (Revoked] (4) Canisters having a special highefllcicncy filter for protection against radionuclides and other highly toxic par ticulates shall be labeled with a state to retain its original effectiveness. (2) (i). All respirators shall be in spected routinely before and after each use. A respirator that Is not routinely used but Is kept ready for emergency use shall be inspected after each use and at least monthly to assure that it is in satisfactory working condition. (ii) Self-contained breathing appara tus shall be inspected monthly. Air and oxygen cylinders shall be fully charged according to the manufacturer's instruc tions. It shall be determined that the regulator and warning devices function properly. (iii) Respirator inspection shall in clude a check of the tightness of con nections and the condition of the facepiece, headbands, valves, connecting tube, and canisters. Rubber or elastomer parts shall be inspected for pliability and signs of deterioration. Stretching and manipulating rubber or elastomer parts with a massaging action will keep them pliable and flexible and prevent them from taking a set during storage. fiv) A record shall be kept of inspec tion dates and findings for respirators maintained for emergency use. (3) Routinely used respirators shall be collected, cleaned, and disinfected as frequently as necessary to insure that proper protection is provided for the wearer. Respirators maintained for emergen cy use shall be cleaned and disinfected after each use. 11910.134(f)(3) amended bv 49 FR 5322. Feb ruary 10. 1984] (4) Replacement or repairs shall be done only by experienced persons with parts designed for the respirator. No attempt shall be made to replace com ponents or to make adjustment or re pairs beyond the manufacturer's recom mendations. Reducing or admission valves or regulators shall be returned to the manufacturer or to a trained technician for adjustment or repair. (5) (i) After Inspection, cleaning, and necessary repair, respirators shall be stored to protect against dust, sun light, heat, extreme cold, excessive moisture, or damaging chemicals. Res pirators placed at stations and work areas for emergency use should be (iii) Instructions for proper storage of emergency respirators, such as gas masks and self-contained breathing apparatus, are found in "use and care" instructions usually mounted inside the carrying case lid. (g) identification of yas mask canis ters. (1) The primary means of identify ing a gas mask canister shall be by means of properly worded labels. The secondary means of identifying a gas mask canister shall be by a color code. (2) All who issue or use gas masks fall ing within the scope of this section shall see that all gas mask canisters purchased or used by them are properly labeled and colored in accordance with these require ments before they are placed in service and that the labels and colors are prop erly maintained at all times thereafter until the canisters have completely served their purpose. (3) On each canister shall appear in bold letters the following: <t) -- Canister for- (Name for atmospheric contaminant) or Type N Gas Mask Canister (ii) In addition, essentially the fol lowing wording shall appear beneath the appropriate phrase on the canister ment of the type and degree of protec tion afforded by the filter. The label shall be affixed to the neck end of, or to the gray stripe which is around and near the top of, the canister. The degree of protection shall be marked as the per cent of penetration of the canister by a 0.3-inicron-diameter dioctyl phthalate (DOP) smoke at a flow rate of 85 liters per minute. (5) Each canister shall have a label warning that gas masks should be used only in atmospheres containing suffi cient oxygen to support life (at least 16 percent by volume), since gas mask canisters are only designed to neutralize or remove contaminants from the air. (6) Each gas mask canister shall be painted a distinctive color or combina tion of colors indicated in Table 1-1. All colors used shall be such that they are clearly Identifiable by the user and clearly distinguishable from one another. The color coating used shall offer a high degree of resistance to chipping, scaling, peeling, blistering, fading, and the effects of the ordinary atmospheres to which they may be exposed under normal con ditions of storage and use. Appropri ately colored pressure sensitive tape may be used for the stripes. [Section 1910.134(g)(3)(iii) revoked at 43 FR 49726. October 24. 1978. 1978. effective November 24, 1978J Table 1-1 Atmospheric contaminants to be protected against Acid gases............................. -- Hydrocyanic acid gas------------------ ------------------ Chlorine gae..................... - Organic vapors1----------------------------------------------Ammonia gas------------- .---------------------------------Acid gases and ammonia gas------------ ......... Carbon monoxide________________________.... Acid gases and organic vapors----------------------Hydrocyanic acid gas and chloroplcrln vapor. Add gasea, organic vapors, and ammonia gases. Radioactive materials, excepting tritium and noble gases. Particulates (dusts, fumes, mists, fogs, or smokes) in combination with any of the above gases or vapors. AU of the above atmospheric contaminants.. Colors assigned* White. White with '/j-lnch green stripe completely around the canister near the bottom. White with 14-inch yellow stripe completely around the canister near the bottom. Black. Green. Green with %-lnch white stripe completely . around the canister near the bottom. Blue. Yellow. Yellow with 14-lnch blue stripe completely around the canister near the bottom. Brown. Purple (Magenta). Canister color for contaminant, as designated above, with V4-lnch gray stripe completely around the canister near the top. Red with >4-inch gray stripe completely around the canister near the top. quickly accessible at all times and Gray shall not be assigned as the main color for a canister designed to remove acids or should be stored in compartments built vapors. for the purpose. The compartments Note: Orange shall be used as a complete body, or stripe color to represent gases not should be clearly marked. Routinely included in this table. The user will need to refer to the canister label to determine the used respirators, such as dust respira degree of protection the canister will afford. ^ / 5-10-84 (Sec. 1910.134(g)(6)) Published by THE BUREAU OF NATIONAL AFFAIRS. INC., WASHINGTON. D.C. 20037 37