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FILE NAME Industrial Hygiene Foundation IHF DATE 1953 DOC IHF065 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Industrial Hygiene Digest - Abstracts Industrial Hygiene Digest INDUSTRIAL HEALTH NEWS ' LITERATURE ABSTRACTS : MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGICAL LEGAL ... decisions and trends INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE - PITTSBURGH 13 PA Industrial Hygiene Digest 30 January 1953 79 A Case of Pulmonary Asbestosis with Its Development Followed by ray and Its Mortem Study P. Luton J. Champeix and P. Faure Arch maladies profess 12 629-633 1951 French The case reported is said to have been the first one of asbestosis known to have occurred in France The man had been exposed to high con- centrations of asbestos for 11 years Symptoms and progressive ray find- ings are described After death the lungs showed general thickening through- out especially of the plurae but with no localized nodules Many asbestos bodies were seen isolated and in groups together with giant cells and mineral particles No evidence of tuberculosis was found The dust particles could be traced not only in the lung vessels but also in the vessels of the liver kidneys and spleen than chemical The action of asbestos is apparently mechanical rather -- Cond from Bull Hyg 80 Byssinosis B. M. Vismans Ned Tijdschr Geneesk 96,800 Apr. 5 1952 Dutch Byssinosis occurs in workers in the cotton industry chiefly in those who handle the cotton before it is sent to the spinning room The author quotes from the literature and presents the histories of seven patients observed by himself which illustrate the three stages of the disease He also comments on the incidence etiology pathologic anatomy and diagnosis Generally disease develops only after the worker has worked with cotton for at least the five years A constricted tight feeling in the chest is usually the first mani festation and since this symptom is often severest on Mondays the term Monday fever Monday cough has been applied to it Patients with the advanced form of byssinosis may die of decompensation of the right side of the heart Prophylaxis is of primary importance and should involve giving atten- tion to the selection of workers and to dust control in cotton mills -- Arch Ind Hyg & Occ Med 81 Studies on Cotton Dust in Relation to Byssinosis Part III Comparison of Cotton Dust and House Dust by Chemical and Skin Tests H. R. Cayton G. Furness D. S. Jackson and H. B. Maitland 303-308 Oct. 1952 Brit J. Ind Med 9 ~ An extract of cotton dust has been compared chemically and by skin tests with extracts of house dust Both contained a polysaccharide associated with a polypeptide grouping of amino giving none of the usual color reactions for proteins Quantitative and chromatographic tests revealed a similarity in the sugars and amino detected Both extracts produced the early type of skin reaction Cotton dust generally produced also a late skin reaction whereas the house dust did not The two extracts therefore were not identical Polysaccharide compounds were probably responsible for the early skin reaction Their source is not known but they Industrial Hygiene Digest - 29 January 1953 and after treatment It improved in 62 of the miners on an average of 204 cc The improvement of neurotic conditions present in the majority of silicotics is an essential part of treatment possible in the early stages of the disease Rehabilitation as such is only It will be possible to consider omly the rehabilitation of patients no longer suitable for work in the mines when they have been retrained for other work -- Cond from Arch Ind Hyg & Occ Bled Investigation of Silicotic Lungs with the Electron Microscope StNa o. 2u 8 3b 1-38 Mar. 15 1952 German H. Kusig The lower limit of visibility which is of the order of 2. 3 mile row for the light microscope the electron microscope can be extended to particles 100 missiler missiler by Electron diffraction patterns and clerical tests should be used to identify the components of dusts Digestion Digestion of lang ti sue containing silicotic nodules with concentrated sulfuric acid and pow sium nitrate yielded platelets showing signs of chemical ai Om the other hand when the tissues were treated with hydrogen peroxide wa washing the tissue below 300 C and digestion with potassium chlo the, particles were less attacked and gave the electron diffraction patterned patterned montmorillonite Whether the montmorillonite was formed in the long long weathering of mica or whether it already occurred in the aime dust mains to be studied Identical lung residue shows quartz by - ray diffraction methods but montmorillonite under the electron microscope This inesplined inesplined by the fact that these minerals occur in different size classes Both should be used -- Cond dean Bull Hyg 78 Silicatosis Etiology Pathogenesis and Clinical Treatment M. A. Kovnatskii and others Gigiena i Sanit No. 8. 23-32 Russian A review is given of the disease caused by particles of rather than those of the type producing silicosis proper A mudy disease caused by asbestos particles showed that the chemical features are increased rate of respiration compensatory and level of blood saturation with oxygen is essentially normal although in the myocardium are evident on the electrocardiograan The sages the although changes changes veins is reduced and the permeability of capillary walls sarffers a decline in a considerable number of cases This affects the oxidative proceESES as shown by the increase of oxidized glutathione and a decrease ad totall glutathione we Cher A Industrial Hygiene Digest - 26 7 March 1953 treated animals diffuse delicate connective tissue consisting of loosely knit fibers and walled blood vessels surrounded the silicotic nodules In the controls a cellular fringe with fibroblasts suggested that active fibrosis was still progressing . The authors were unable to detect any reduction of collagen in established silicotic nodules in the treated animals although further fibroblastic proliferation was apparently retarded This suggests that cortisone will not have any lasting benefit on the collagen in human silicosis although it might arrest progression of the lesions while it was being administered -- Cond from J. Am Med Assn 283 Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Rhondda Fach an Interim Report of a Survey of a Mining Community J. G. Cox T. F. Jarman 843-853 Oct. 18 1952 Brit Med J. 2 7 a A experiment was designed to study in a mining community with a high prevalence of pneumoconiosis the effect of reducing tuberculosis infectivity upon the rate of appearance of progressive massive fibrosis in miners already affected by simple pneumoconiosis The present report is concerned with the findings of the first roentgenological survey of the adult population Figures are given for the prevalence of tuberculosis by age and sex The extent of tuberculosis is apparently typical of such areas in the country About 30 of the miners and miners had some roentgenological signs of pneumoconiosis 15 had progressive massive fibrosis All but two patients with infectious tuberculosis were given hospital treatment The number of infectious cases has been reduced by about 60 and the patients are all being closely supervised by a health visitor Future sur veys will show what effects this reduction will have on the tuberculin positivity and on the rate of appearance of new cases of tuberculosis and massive fibrosis -- Cond from Authors Summary 284 . A Clinical and Pathological Study of a Case of Pulmonary Asbestosis H. Bastenier H. Denolin A. Decoster and R. Reubens Arch belges med sociale hyg med travail et med legale 10 61-70 Feb. 1952 French A diagnosis of asbestosis must depend upon a history of occupational exposure to asbestos dust associated with effects on the respiratory organs A case is reported in which a woman had worked for 25 years weaving asbestos in a factory with heavy dust exposure The symptoms described are typical The authors compared this case with those of uncomplicated silicosis in the latter residual air is frequently increased expiration is prolonged and the maximum respiratory capacity is reduced but hyperpnea rapid breathing is not sc intense and anoxemia is never so important during effort as in asbestosis These differences are stressed as important when necessity may arise in determining the occupational origin of a case with obscure diagnosis > Cond from Bull Hyg Industrial Hygiene Digest - 21 : www 1953 49' 4 A Critical Review of the Chemical Theory of Silicosis Luise Holzapfel Beitr Silikose No. 15 1-19 1952 German argument work The solubility theory is first reviewed cannot be maintained in its and reasons are given winy it original form which says that silicosis is due to Hissolved silica The main is that silicosis while the solubility of quartz drops in the requires years to develop Hed course of days or week A modi- solubility theory is suggested by the author's published recent results with aii on her carbohydrates extracts carbohydrate and silica could be From plant a fraction containing and showed isolated and experiments with blood quartz ; specific adsorption of a galactose complex The galactose adsorbed on quartz still reacts with hydrazine demonstrating that the alde yda bas does not take part in the reaction with quartz Next follows group hapter dealing with the structure of a very speculative said to contain galactose complexes Collagen is galactose there is no evidence on its structure The Done reaction can be used to demonstrate quartz in human osa- well as to demonstrate silicotic Nestions as galactose adsorption on quartz and a number of colored Mustrations of this effect are shown Electron asbestos after micrographs of senpentime disintegration in water are also shown 7 _ , -+ Cond from B. Hyg 495 Considerations on a Case of Progressive Massive Silicosis Following Past Limited Exposure M. Bodo and L. Briccarello Rass med ind 833-238 June 1952 Italian , 21 a The authors discuss a case of progressive massive silicate of the lungs which was seen by them in April 1951. The patient was metal work- er in aged 28 who had been employed for 2 years only at chiseling grindstones 1939-40 Signs and symptoms of silicosis which in November 1950. At the time of the are described appeared said to be examination signs and symptoms were stationary deep and confluent Tuberculosis was absent rays showed a generalized been due shadow on the lungs except for clear areas which may have of this to tshpeontaneous pneumothorax or to localized emphysem emphysem In the light case authors question the statement that simple pneumoconios^...s can be arrested by removing the patient from exposure to dust The to progress varies with the tendency individual tissue chemical properties of the dist and the reactivity As in the case of hepatic cirrhosis te causative agent may start a chain reaction which does not stop progressing few cause has been removed . w= Cond from Bag Bag in Usefulness of the Photoroentgen Method Silicosis Photoroentgen gations of Workers E. Zanetti Rass med ind 21 A comparative study of several tens of thousands of films and photoneigen roentgenograms has produced several interesting conclusions cerning investigations of silicosis and asbestosis among workers photoroentgen films were found to represent clearly massive silicasts Industrial Hygiene Digest ~ 22 May 1953 + ee asbestosis and nodular silicosis In silicosis which is culation identification an expert is more difficult but it is still represented by reti- The identification of mild or moderate possible asbestosis in the hands of difficult Only a great deal is still more is experience which integrated with a knowledge ligent interpretation of such films > a ~~ Biol Absts 497 Silicosis Human Does G. Campen Affect the Silica Content of Blood G. Worth Z. physiol Chem Seyler's 288 155-164 195a1nd Germa| per ml stages inflamma through half of The authors determined the silica content of blood of 264 persons whom were coal miners with various of denum blue technique The silicosis using the moly mean result for the whole group was 8.3 2.4 micrograms silica of blood inflama tory or other diseases nor silicosis Neither sex caused different kinds of e of the blood Tests any difference in the silica content # were also made after ingestion of organic silicon Here a rapid rise of silica content of blood and urine compount e silica had dropped to its normal was found but the blood ~ e. ings on the silica value after 9 hours The bearing of these find # solubility theory is discussed If the theory is to be main- tained it must be assumed that the amounts dissolved strated in the blood or that are too small to be deme excretion the kidneys is too rapid ~~ Cond from Bull Hyg 498 SJ.ilicotic and Tuberculosilicotic Lesions Simulating Carcinoma F. G. Kergi Thoracic Surg 24 545-567 Dec. 1952 -_ e mo f ' The appearance of unilateral massive densities in the lungosf eight men between the ages of 49 and 69 with chronic pneumonitis has been reported In each of these patients clinical and radiographic evidence bronchiogenic carcinoma Five of the strongly suggested to eight patients had prolonged exposure containing dust in various occupations Five patients were treated by pneumonectomy made The one by lobectomy and one by thoractomy and biopsies were patients fundamental feature of the pathological process in this group of of was complete or partial bronchial obstruction by pressure lymph ninohdaelastiwohniocfh were the site of a chronic inflammatory reaction secondary to containing dust In five patients the chronic pneumonitis was specific and in three there was an added obstructive infection It is suggested that this condition be tuberculous lympha- dentis with obstructive called chronic silicotic i pneumonitis nontuberculous or tuberculous The patients are all alive the six patients treated by excision have been relieved . ' J. of their complaints ; ; ~~ Cond from Am Med Assn Industrial Hygiene Digest - 22 June 1953 ee, Hypertrophy weights miners |i 601 Right Ventricular A. J. in the Pneumoconiosis of Coalminers Thomas Brit Heart J. 13 1-9 1951 | a A serieosf 50 hearts from cases of been dissected and the ventricular coalminers pneumoconiosis have tricle to recorded The ratio of left ven- is right ventricle RV ratio shows a great reduction and a consistent relative increase in the there graphic study of 146 weight of the right ventricle A cardio- with all stages of persons normal men miners and and patients pneumoconiosis has shown that V6 changes most with in- creasing severity of lung disorder In the most V6 is diminished severe groups theR wave of made that and the S wave is increased in amplitude lead A suggestion is a from the third interspace immediately above V2 : in the diagnosis of right ventricular may help : j mm or more in height hypertrophy when it shows an r wave of Certain effects of respiration on the electrocardio- gram are described particularly the respiratory variation of the chest on the right side This is leads ings suggest that presumed to be a positional change but some find- the mechanism of respiratory variation should be investigated in relation to respiratory function further De es _ Cos . . -- Author's summary Bull Hyg _ 602 Factors Favoring Phagocytosis by Endothelial Cells Early in Inflammation - Edna H. Tompkins and Mary A. Grillo Am 29 217-231 March 1953 _ Se J. Pathol preparation *. The endothelial cells of subcutaneous wandering cells represent active tissues the called inflammation They become defenders in the firs1t2 hours of | traction excretion activated in for phagocytosis by con- of fluid from their fluid vacuoles and changes in the consistency of their cytoplasm tact with Once activated they are aided in making con- by the particulate substances are supported in surface phagocytosis movements of the underlying muscles and of the infiltrating ameboid polymorphonuclear cells They carry the burden of phagocytosis before arri- 603 Dust Diseases G. E. Spencer 389-391 April 25 1953 Bull Allegheny Co. Med Soc 42 : | to .. This brief paper gives advice family physicians to whom films from a mass survey have been referred when ray cated Survey physicians do not pneumoconiosis is indi- attempt to differentiate the dust diseases merely reporting the findings as pneumoconiosis " It is the to of the family physician determine which of these responsibility to decide what should be done diseases is present and After miliary tuberculosis carcinomatosis certain fungus diseases and siderosis due to the various organic disease are excluded pneumoconioses must be considered Anthracosis silicosis B Industrial Hygiene Digest - 23 siderosis berylliosis cussed briefly in relat,ioanstboesdtioasginsosainsd the organic dust diseases pational history is emphasized whether a man should be taken from 604 The Clinical Picture and Unfallmed Pathology of Asbestosis Asbestosis u Berufkrankh 45 129-140 W. Behrens Jr. Dept. 15 1952 German June 15 1952 179-189 Symptomatology This paper presents an including distribution extensive review review of literature on dust and types of asbestos its asbestosis hazards and effects of length of mining treatment and use centration exposure exposure of the dust in different stages of asbestosis diagnosis and ray findings in the con- are described Special Special different mention is made of the association asbestos workers is but it in Germany The macroscopic described and the nature and an extensive reference whereas in 204 cases . The experience of the Lung Carcinoma Caused by Asbestos Inhalation Inhalation Med Monatsschr 7 77-81 1953 German F. Boemke The relation between fibrotic in the lung and carcinoma by asbestos dilection is discussed The lower lobe is deposits Characteristic are the multicentered the ssite ite of pre- theliurn carcinoma multicentered developments of flat epi- -- Chem Absts . PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT Carbon Dioxide and Respiratory J. Appl Physiol 5 Respiratory Regulation at Altitude 603-606 April 1953 } G. Hall dioxide Fourteen breathed young men exposed to a breathed gas gas mixtures with simulated altitude of 22,000 feet Partial pressures of varying varying concentrations concentrations concentrations of of carbon carbon oxygen and carbon The carbon dioxide in alveukar alveukar air were correlated correlated Antimony and thyroxin effects poisoning in industry 355 356 Barbers disease Baritosis case 345 285 Arc welding see welding Beat disorders and staphylococcal infection 120 Arsenic trioxide exposure in industry Arsine poisoning fatal case from algae prevention Artificial respiration see resuscitation ) 809 39 1041 1042 . Benzene and homologues poisoning blood dyscrasias from factories 1 health of workers metabolism poisoning and erythromyelosis effect on platelets hematology 151 943 1170 . 268 1050 ' 269 710 Asbestos clinical and pathological study lung cancer from Asbestosis case pathology studies miniature films 284 605 79 78,604 496 Benzene hexachloride and DDT toxicity 381 poisoning 1053 toxicity 271,485,1175 Benzenemia 823 Berylliosis summary of cases 357,930 Atmospheric pollution see air pollution Atmospheric turbulence measurement Atomic bomb casualties treatment effects on blood Aviation toxicology bk.rev bk.rev Bacteria and odor control problem Bagassosis ; 643 747 619 559 102 501 Beryllium determination fluorimetric spectrochemical _ granuloma treatment . cortisone nonsurgical oxide poisoning poisoning experimental radioisotope distribution and retention toxicity and ACTH Best Years of Your Life bk rev 97 863 : 700 1160 1159 571 701 463 444 BAL therapy in lead poisoning therapy in thallium 361 poisoning 148,818,819 vs. citrate in lead poisoning 469 Blood changes in industrial disease picture effects of muscle training 67 741