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560 CHAPTER 21 : 1958 Guide .x of pump used oud tliG economics of smnll pipe size mid high; pump' lic^d versus large pipe and. low; pump head. Noise is also an important factor; Velocites are usually limited to a maximum of-4 fps for pipe sizes less than 2-in. to reduce the possibility of noise. Velocities up to 10 fps are fre quently used in piping larger than 6-in. Average friction drops of 1.0 to 4.0 ft of water per 100 ft of pipe . (120, to 480 milinches per ft of pipe) are commonly used in sizing piping systems. The actual friction loss for a par ticular section of pipe may vary considerably;from the average.loss for.the 3,000- -25 2,000- : : 1,500-f : ho U0002 --e 8004 600-; -5 500- 14 400- o30" : Px200 :-2 H li :t>< XI50-; 500-J-- 40 400- ` -30 300-- =-20 100,000+-10,000 50.000- -5,000 30.000- -3,000 20,000^- --2,000 12 -II . l0` -10 Le -10 " -6 60- -5 50- 1 4 10.000-: r-WX) ^5,000-j1-500 3,000- -300 12.000- r200 u 4 - -4 3^- -3.5 u 1,000- --100 | B J_ u 30in auQ-20-- -2 vt *6- 500- --50 ~ : i2i. 5 300- -30 ffl 200- r20 iii too 10 s 50- 30- -3 -l.25< BASED ON CLEAN PIPE WITH 140 T WATER Fig. 3. Friction Loss due to Flow of Water in Iron .Pipe** (Based on clean pipe and 140 F water) :\1f ;*ja *:;1 system due to the limitations of commercial pipe sizes. For example, if the average friction loss is 2.0 ft of water per 100 ft of pipe (240 milinches. per ft), the actual friction loss in particular sections of pipe may vary from; 1.0 to 3.0 ft per 100 ft (120 to 360 milinches per ft). !s One method of sizing pipe is based on preliminary selection of a pump-; The head which the pump can produce is divided by the equivalent length of the longest circuit to obtain an average design friction loss. ':)j The equivalent length of a system or circuit is the length of pipe in series flow in the circuit, plus the length of pipe equivalent in resistance to th,^ fittings and also the equipment in series flow in the circuit. For prelimi nary calculation the equivalent length is sometimes assumed to be 1-5 times the measured length. ' 1. T a b l e I. C a r r y in g C a p a c it y o f St a n d a r d B la c k P ip e s w it h T e m p e r a t u r e D ro p o f 20 F D e g * 4000 I 3000 2000 1715 1500 1333 1200 1000 924 800 631 J37 )20 May be Used for Preliminary Sizing of Type L Copper Tube. 1080 1800 4.3 5.0 1350 2200 5.5 6.3 1600 2600 6.3 7.3 1800 2900 7.3 7.5 2000 3300 8.2 9.3 3600 10.2 3800 10.8. 4200 11.9 4400 12.5 4600 13.0 N 3000 13.4 3200 14.3 3300 14.7 3400 15.2 3500 15.6 2200 0 .0 2400 9 .7 2550 11.4 2700 12.0 2800 12.6 O Ot-OlsOXONON 00 C4 COOC4 O 0 C4 lO OO 04 00 ^* T CO IOnNCOOOffi'*`<0 ^-t~.COCOOO-srs< ' C^OOO--.OO^n CIMOPIOM^M-; OHOCOOVONON OC40NOOONOOO QCOOlsOrtOIOOCO OOOnOCCOH , - <0 C4C5COC*3'9"J<-ttf5O>0 33t--t-ts.b- fs. OO OO OO OO -- Nnoooosrgco onoaoneieooo onoioooono>o aooooQnots *o -- 94 1P 94 W 04 TJ, cc ^ 0 co Tp TJ. <o Tp 9- TP ts. 0. tn OO >0 OO *000 t 1 CooOC.--OOCcOo OMtpOW"WM ooHoaVOHCVD*OO!NUO)--NttO.OlOO ^MO >Co tecNotOsrN.NNcoN. O i0Os oO0N-O--O0-Oq0a0 , a-rttotocooo'rooo oneioiaceiooioe) ocotoo-onot. onooecnQf co 1 94 -- >-- *> --tp-- -- -- --10 -- -- 940*c40s.ps CO 1 I N 0-> lOOO C 0O3NTpOh-mOoio ON> --n--o.o--o1o0 --oo-nC--Ouo'C--oOs OO"4*CHO trCpsO---2qw-<<t0s i tp .os . *oo 0-v p- tp p--p- co.0 co -* 0> *0 o p. ca co ps --W^1 tp COCO CD 0 ^ 0- M3 rsONIQ OO M3 Q0 *D TP --.^t . N . .94 O. C4. TP.00 .04 .M3 TP 9- >00 >04 > -- --.9104 94 04 04 04 Tp *! -41 s* p OC4CO 0-000 tp 0^ 5 0jpp-p --H -TM04--C4--THp0-4---s-.0-i-H ---^w 95Tpt~pp' -- MOO>0--- Tp to 0. OO -- -4 to -- CO -- 0^ -- OO -- -4 --04 -- 04 tP"tPc4 C00- -- o0~ -- nn400ONnn 00-000 -- - 04 OC4 -- -- --s0-- *4^ -- -- 04 04 04 CO04OO04 04 0^04 0* 04 0- 04 OO 0003 OOOOBOO -- O TP CD CD OO 0- -- O'** -- CO0WOOW o^1 -- ^CD -- C3 -- -- -- -- 04-- -- -- -- -- -- 4, Tp ^> Tp co o -- tptp r~0- aNocoa oooooo -- o OOOOOOO -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --04 -- 04 -- 04 0404 SnjScoSoQJSoQSco Ofc.Ofe,OfaOEcOEn SoqSoiScqSqqSc^ Cml,CLOl,CLCl,PhCl((^Ph SaaScoScoSco^QO OfLoh-COufaa.&QiCfLafLOa.gPoHag, ^PtCOqh ScqSjCLd,PShPqlq, 60 120 ' 150 210 1 240 270 300 330 390 480 510 540 600 009 06 o 1-1as -- -- s St * in o s s~ so oo to 8 * o o 0 *' O 4- oooo 2 CD s 1 H s o o O 0- s o o o o 0> -- 28 oooo wH 2 n " CO fN o o 9 <? o 8 ooo to E s_ TP 1 {z 8 o o o f- o s o 5 8 o CO hi s oo 5 o -< -- -- 5 o R o o o 9. 2 o oooo o 8 _s St St 5 St o8a 8 o QTp o - TP r- o o -- * o88 o o o o * S0 o o o 0S TP o ts 8 o N 8 o o a o o4* oooo o o o <5> ts si * eb C'J 8 a -- s - 0S TP g o 0S 0s g 0s ooo TP . s? 0s ro o 8TP 0S 8 8 8 TP TP s 0S o 3 "* 3t STpt to 8 > o 0S o o - ---- o o -- s e g 8 TP M 04 o re p 8 o> s to 0s 8 8s88 ** ** ts. g 841 0S o - TP TP oooOo is C? o o o> 0S o N3 0S 8 o CO s s s? s to 8 a a ts 3s o1 oo 8 s 8 . 0- 4800. 13.6 6000 14.2 5500 1 5 .6 5700 16.1 5800 16.4 3600 6000 16.1 17.0 3800 6200 17.0 17.5 3900 6400 17.4 18.1 4000 6600 1 7 .8 1 8 .7' j r