Document nmEXGO6zNvKv1ZeKvqwXpBgy2

453 1 THE COURT: Good afternoon Ladies and 2 Gentlemen, Counsel. 3 MR. MURRAY: Before we begin may we approach 4 the bench for a second? 5 THE COURT: Yes. 6 [At this time a bench discussion was held.] 7 MR. MURRAY: Plaintiffs calls Dr. Emmet 8 Kelly. 9 THE COURT: Would you please be sworn by the 10 clerk? 11 DR. ROBERT EMMET KELLY, 12 having been first duly sworn, testifies as follows: 13 THE COURT: Pull that microphone up and pull 14 up the chair. Mr. Murray, you may proceed. 15 Q Good afternoon, Dr. Kelly. 16 A Good afternoon, sir. 17 Q Dr. Kelly, if you at anytime during the 18 examination have any problem hearing me or understanding 19 my questions, please tell me, okay? 20 A Yes. 21 Q Dr. Kelly, would you tell the jury what your 22 educational background is, sir? 23 A Yes. I was graduated from St. Louis 24 University and Medical School in 1932. I spent three 25 years in the City Hospital, and I spent the last ?- Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3460 454 1 well, that was the last of my educational background 2 with the exception of courses that I took post?graduate 3 two weeks or a month or something like that during the 4 course of my career. 5 Q And who did you go to work for after 6 completing your education? 7 A I was engaged by Monsanto Company in January 8 of '36. I was a part?time physician there and remained 9 in that position until I went in the service in 1942. I 10 returned in 1946 and became the full?time medical 11 director. 12 Q All right, sir. And what were your duties as 13 medical director of Monsanto? 14 A It was to ensure that the workplace was safe, 15 that the employees were given physical examinations, 16 that their health was checked at periodic intervals, and 17 I was the supervisor by various plants outside of St. 18 Louis. 19 Q I'm sorry. I didn't ?? 20 A By the various plants outside of St. Louis. 21 Q Supervised the what? 22 A The medical installations and the various 23 plants. 24 Q Various plants around the company had 25 physicians or part?time doctors to examine, and that was Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3461 455 1 part of your duties to supervise those doctors? 2 A That is correct. 3 Q And how long did you remain medical director 4 of Monsanto? 5 A Until 1934, November of 1934, when I retired 6 at the age of sixty?five. 7 Q You said 1934? 8 A '74. I'm sorry. 9 Q As part of your duties as medical director of 10 Monsanto, did you have any responsibilities with regard 11 to the development of toxicological information on 12 Monsanto products? 13 A Yes, I did. 14 Q Tell the jury about that, please. 15 A Well, the medical function of finding out 16 about what the toxic properties of their raw materials 17 and their finished products were. You did that in 18 various ways. If the product had been manufactured by 19 other companies, you checked with their medical director 20 and found out what was happening. This is background? 21 Q Yes, sir. 22 A It's all right? 23 Q Sure. 24 A Secondly, you would examine the literature, 25 but most of the time there was nothing much in the Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3462 456 1 literature. Third, as a third part, you would do, carry 2 out or have carried out for you an (inaudible) 3 experimentation to find out what the toxic properties 4 were. 5 Q In addition to finding out what that 6 information was, was it also part of your responsibility 7 to disseminate that information to employees of Monsanto 8 and to customers of Monsanto? 9 A Yes. All inquiries concerning toxic or 10 health hazards were referred to the medical department, 11 and information came out from there. Obviously, also 12 the information would go to our various plants from the 13 medical department. 14 Q And for a long time you were the medical 15 department; were you not? 16 A Well, for about ?? yes, for a few years. 17 Then we engaged an industrial hygienist. Following 18 that, we started engaging toxicologists. 19 Q Would it be true, Doctor, that during your 20 entire tenure with Monsanto, you would review and okay 21 the warnings and toxicological information that went ouc 22 to customers with regard to Monsanto products? 23 A Yes. It was company policy that any such 24 information would be submitted by the medical 25 department. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3463 457 1 Q Now, in connection with making yourself awam 2 of the toxicological information of the products, would 3 you review the literature with regard to those products 4 A Would I review the literature? 5 Q Scientific literature, yes. 6 A Yes, in the English language. 7 Q And you mentioned, I think earlier, that you 8 also do animal testing? 9 A That's right. We did not do that in our own 10 ?? in?house, but we engaged various academic and 11 commercial amateurs to do it. 12 Q Monsanto did not have a lab in?house to do 13 that type of work, correct? 14 A No, they did not. 15 Q So you would engage outside laboratories to 16 do it for you? 17 A That's correct. 18 Q Tell the jury, if you would, and let's talk 19 specifically, Dr. Kelly, about PCBs, okay? 20 A Yes, sir. 21 Q In Monsanto the PCB products were called 22 Aroclors, correct? 23 A That's correct, but all Aroclors were not 24 PCBs . 25 Q But all PCBs were Aroclors? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3464 458 1 A That's correct. 2 Q And those Aroclors were marketed under 3 various, different names, correct? 4 A Well, yes. I have to correct myself some. 5 When we sold PCBs as hydraulic fluids, they were not 6 called Aroclors. 7 Q What were they called? 8 A (Diphenyls, terminols) that had some 9 laboratory designations OS something, MCS something. 10 Q Speaking now specifically with regard to 11 PCBs, can you tell the jury what type of animal toxicity 12 tests were run? 13 A Well, it will depend on the time frame you're 14 talking about. The first animal testing was done by Dr. 15 Drinker at Harvard. That was in 1937 or '38. He did 16 skin application. He did oral feeding, and he did 17 inhalation studies. We did a number of acute testing on 18 animals at the St. Louis laboratories. Then in 1954 we 19 did a prolonged inhalation study of the PCBs. We 20 carried out in 19 ?? late 60s we carried out long term 21 two year testing on dogs and rats at the industrial 22 laboratory. 23 Q Let's talk about those first studies by Dr. 24 Drinker What were those designed to find out? 25 A Well, they were to find out the toxicity of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3465 459 1 Halowax. I've got to explain a little something. 2 Q Sure. 3 A There was a company which manufactured 4 Halowax. They use chlorinated naphthalene in almost aljL 5 of their products, and they used 10 percent of what he 6 called chlorinated diphenyl. It was not chlorinated 7 diphenyl. It was chlorinated diphenyl benzene, which 8 was a horse of a different color, so they were having 9 problems with the Halowax and with the employees and 10 customers. 11 The Halowax was used to impregnate wire. I 12 don't know if you're old enough to remember, but when 13 wire was used, they had an insulation on the top of it 14 that was brownish, and if you pulled on it, it stained 15 you. That was before the use of rubber. 16 They had skin troubles with their customers. 17 They had some fatalities with their customers, and they 18 called up and said, "Look, we're going to test this 19 Halowax. You sell us one of the ingredients. Will you 20 chip in some money on this?" We said yes. So they ran 21 inhalation studies. Drinker ran inhalation studies. 22 Drinker was at Harvard. He was in the School the Public 23 Health. He ran studies on it for prolonged periods, 24 five months, around that five, six months. He did skin 25 absorption. He did inhalation studies, and he did oral Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3466 460 1 feeding, and they were supposed to find out what the 2 toxicity of the Halowax was. 3 Q As I understand your testimony, Dr. Kelly, 4 Dr. Drinker was doing tests on somebody else's product 5 that contained one of your products? 6 A He was engaged by Halowax. He did work on 7 the Halowax compound. They had a considerable number of 8 them. One of the Halowaxes had 10 percent of a Monsanto 9 product, chlorinated diphenyl benzene. He mistakenly 10 called that chlorinated diphenyl, and he tested that 11 also along with a mirage of Halowax compounds. 12 Q Did Dr. Bringer ever run any tests for you 13 with regard to PCBs? 14 A Yes. 15 Q Let me show you a document which has been 16 previously marked as Plaintiff's Exhibit No. 35. Your 17 Honor, I have a group exhibit for you as well. Is that 18 the studies that Dr. Drinker ran for you on PCBs? 19 A This is a study that he ran on the Halowax 20 compound, as well as the chlorinated diphenyl benzene. 21 Later on he did a study. I don't know if you have that 22 report. That was in 1939 when he ran one for the 23 material we sent him. 24 THE COURT: Mr. Murray, I don't believe I 25 have 39 in this packet. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3467 461 1 MR. MURRAY: That was 39. 2 THE WITNESS: 38. Mr. Murray, this is 38. 3 Q (By Mr. Murray) Even though he says 4 chlorinated diphenyls in this report, the substance he 5 was actually testing was Halowax? 6 A Well, it was chlorinated diphenyl benzene. 7 He was testing that, but he was also testing some 8 Halowaxes. 9 Q Does he make any reference in this document 10 to Halowax? 11 A May I see it again? 12 MR. MURRAY: Your Honor, it is 35. 13 A No, sir, he did not mention Halowax in there, 14 but he has other articles at the same time where he 15 talked about chlorinated naphthalene, which is Halowax. 16 Q After Drinker, what was the next toxicity 17 test that you ran? 18 A Beg your pardon? 19 Q After Dr. Drinker's tests, what was the next 20 toxicity test that youran? 21 A Well, we ran one on honest to goodness 22 chlorinated diphenyl. After we got this test back and 23 said where did you get the chlorinated diphenyl? And he 24 said, "I got it from Halowax." So I said, "Well, it's 25 surprised us that the toxicity came back the way you Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3468 462 1 said, so I'll send yousome honest to goodness 2 chlorinated diphenyl." So I had ourproduction 3 department send us some, and he duplicated testing with 4 chlorinated diphenyl, and he found it was much less 5 toxic. 6 Q Let me show you what's been marked, Dr. 7 Kelly, as Monsanto Exhibit 231. 8 A Yes, sir. 9 Q Is that the subsequent test that you're 10 talking about? 11 A Yes, sir. This is ?? do you want me to 12 read? 13 Q No, sir. I would like to see ?? can you show 14 me in that document Dr., Kelly, where he did any 15 additional testing? 16 A Yes. It' s the paragraph on page 158 that 17 says "The sixth compound had been listed previously as 18 chlorinated diphenyl . It contains 65 percent of 19 chlorine and was very destructive to the liver. Later 20 experiments with compound 13, which contained 68 percenc 21 of chlorine, which was also labeled chlorinated 22 diphenyl, were a surprise to us ( on) the second compound 23 was almost nontoxic. On inquiry, it was found that 24 substance 6" ?? now, I don't want to confuse you with 25 numbers. That's the first one he ran; was really a Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3469 463 1 mixture of chlorinated diphenyl and chlorinated diphenyl 2 benzene. That number 13 was actually chlorinated 3 diphenyl. 4 Q So as I understand that, he's saying there, 5 the first substance that you talked about, substance 6, 6 was a combination, was an chlorinated diphenyl and 7 chlorinated diphenyl benzene? 8 A That's correct. 9 Q But there were PCBs in that substance? 10 A I'm sorry. 11 Q There were some PCBs in that substance? 12 A And probably 40 or 50 percent were PCBs, and 13 the other half was chlorinated diphenyl benzene. 14 Q Okay. And then he ran other studies on what 15 was called Aroclor 1268? 16 A Yes . 17 Q Which is only PCBs? .18 A The studies he ran for 1268 was pure PCBs 19 That 's what he found was almost nontoxic. 20 Q Now, my guess is, because I'm getting 21 confused about this, the jury is going to get a little 22 bit confused, too. Let me ask you this, Dr. Kelly. 23 There are numbers, are there not, that Monsanto uses to 24 delineate one PCB from another? 25 A That's correct. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3470 464 1 Q Can you tell the jury about those numbers? 2 A Well, there are three sets of numbers. The 3 1,200 series, which is 1242, 1254, 1248 and 1260. Those 4 are PCBs that are chlorinated to that particular 5 percentage. 1260has 60 percent chlorine, and 1242 has 6 42 percent chlorine. That's what's that ?? there are 7 compounds called 4465. That's a mixture of one of the 8 PCBs plus chlorinated diphenyl benzene, which, as I 9 said, has another benzene radical on it, and it's a 10 horse of a different color. It's a different compound. 11 There is also the 5400 series, which is 5460, 12 which is pure chlorinated diphenyl benzene, so you mix 13 5460 with 1242 or 1254, and he come out chlorinated ?? 14 that come out with 4465. 15 Q You don't know which number was mixed with 16 the 5400 series to make the 4465? 17 A I would be guessing. I don't know now. Thao 18 was forty years ago. 19 Q Can we tell anything from the numbers, 4465, 20 which one it was? 21 A With the exception it was chlorinated to 65 22 percent, so it didn't have any ?? it probably was a 23 lower chlorinated like 42 or 54. I'm not sure, though, 24 which one. 25 Q After Dr. Drinker did his testing, what was Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13471 465 1 the next test that you ran? 2 A During that time subsequent to Drinker, we 3 did some acute testing. That's various mixtures, 4 various PCBs and various mixtures of PCBs, those one or 5 two big tests to give us the relative toxicity of the 6 material. The next major testing was in 1954. 7 Q Let me just back up to that other test you 8 were talkingabout. Those were theLD?50s? 9 A That's correct. 10 Q Explain to the jury what LD?50s are? 11 A Toxicity, when you want to get a benchmark 12 for the material that you can compare one to the other 13 roughly, you do what is called a LD?50. That means you 14 give a material to enough rats, a sizable number, 40 or 15 50 rats, and in various increments, and find out which 16 level kills half the rats. LD is lethal dose for 50 17 percent of the rats, and that gives you a rough 18 comparison ofwhat is the toxicity and what is the 19 compound. 20 Q And that's a standard test in the industry; 21 is it not? 22 A Yes, it is. 23 Q And that's used on all or say all chemicals 24 where you weren't interested in the toxicity of it, you 25 run an LD?50 to find you where it falls in the Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3472 466 1 continuum; is that correct? 2 A That's correct. 3 Q With the highest being the most toxic 4 substance, and the lowest being nontoxic? 5 A Let's not get us confused with the numbers. 6 If you have a high LD?50, that means you have less 7 toxicity because it takes more to kill them. 8 Q We're going to get to that, but the point is 9 that these LD?50s is used to see how toxic a chemical is 10 in comparison to other chemicals? 11 A That's correct. 12 Q And the more substance it takes to kill half 13 the rats, the less toxic it is? 14 A That's correct. 15 Q Where does PCBs fall in regard to relative 16 toxicity? 17 A Someplace in the lower middle. It's a mild 18 ?? it's a moderate toxic compound. For an industrial 19 check ?? that's notchemical. That's not particularly 20 toxic. 21 Q LD?50s, Dr. Kelly, are designed to measure 22 acute toxicity, correct? 23 A That's correct. 24 Q And let's talk a little bit about acute 25 versus chronic. What doesacute toxicity mean? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3473 467 1 A What does acute toxicity mean? 2 Q Yes, sir. 3 A It means a harmful effect that you will get 4 on a subject animal by giving one dose or a dose over 5 one or two days. In other words, you give a big amount 6 of material. Chronic toxicity means you take a small 7 amount of material and give it every day for a certain 8 number of months or years. 9 Q Okay. So when in one case you'relooking at 10 how harmful is this chemical if you're exposed to a 11 large amount of it at one time? 12 A That's correct. 13 Q And the other one, you're looking at how 14 harmful it is if you're exposed to a little bit over 15 long period? 16 A That's correct. 17 Q And it's known in toxicology, is it not, 18 Doctor, that the effects, the acute versus chronic, 19 differ? 20 A Well, yeah, that's true. 21 Q In addition, while we are talking about 22 animal studies, is there such a thing , Doctor, as 23 species differentiation? 24 A Yes, there is. 25 Q Can you tell the jury what that is? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3474 468 1 A Well, it means that some animals react 2 differently to compounds, to the same compound if you're 3 giving it. But toxicologist have generally standardized 4 their testing by using dogs for long term testing. 5 That's very unusual that you use dogs, because you may 6 have to do that five or six years, to feed to dog to geo 7 a result. Rats are almost commonly used, by far the 8 most commonly used. Rabbits are used because if you 9 were testing to see if it is absorbed through the skin, 10 you've got a betterskin and a large amount of skin on a 11 rabbit than a rat. It's hard to get a decent amount of 12 material on a rat. 13 Q The point being that rabbits might react 14 differently than rats to the same chemical and the same 15 dose? 16 A Yes. 17 Q And also it's known in toxicological circles 18 that even animals in the same species might react 19 differently to the same dose,correct? 20 A You will have to explain that a little more. 21 Q Let's talk aboutLD?50s then. You're giving 22 a group of animals the same dose of the chemicals, but 23 only 50 percent of them die. 24 A Right. 25 Q And that's because some animals react Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3475 469 1 differently to the same chemical? 2 A That's correct. 3 Q Even within the same species? 4 A Even with the same group of animals. When 5 you used species, that threw me off. 6 Q Within the same group of animals, some 7 animals right react more violently to a chemical than 8 others ? 9 A Yes . 10 Q And that's also true of humans; is it not? 11 A Yes, sir. 12 Q So (you) ran the LD?50. That was done in th< 13 early fifties, correct? 14 A In the middle fifties, yes, sir. '54. 15 Q The LD?50s? 16 A The LD?50s were all the way from almost the 17 forties. We started ?? did you say when we started 18 running LD?5 Os ? 19 Q When did you get the results of the studies? 20 A Oh, gosh. I think we got them in the 21 forties. 22 Q And the next group of the tests that you ran 23 were the '54 tests that you were talking about earlier? 24 A That's correct. 25 Q Tell the jury about those tests and what Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3476 470 1 prompted you to run them. 2 A We had decided that we were going to use PCBs 3 in a different set of circumstances than they were 4 previously used for. Previously they were dielectrics. 5 That means they were used in transformers and 6 capacitors. We were going to go to hydraulic fluid, 7 which were (extruding) hot metal parts, and with the 8 extruded part you will get some leakage of PCBs, and 9 that would be hot, and it would drop on hot metal. 10 We wanted to know what would happen to a 11 worker who was exposed to this for any particular 12 concentration and period of time, so we rana simulated 13 experience that we would have with a hydraulic or in a 14 heat transfer agent or a hydraulic fluid application. 15 Q Were those acute tests or chronic? 16 A No, I think they would be called chronic 17 because the inhalation, you do six months. In those 18 days that was considered chronic. 19 Q Those were what ultimately became known as 20 the Treon Studies? 21 A Yes, at the University of Cincinnati. 22 Q And they were inhalation studies designed to 23 determine the long term effects of breathing PCBs 24 vapors? 25 A That's correct. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3477 471 1 Q How long did those studies run? 2 A How long did they last? 3 Q Yes . 4 A I think six months, at least. 5 Q Would six months today, Dr. Kelly, be 6 considered more of an acute or a subchronic test? 7 A I think you could consider them chronic, and 8 I believe even today I don't recall seeing any reports 9 of it, inhalation studies over six months period 10 duration. 11 Q You don't recall seeing any inhalation 12 studies over a six month period? 13 A That's correct. 14 Q Why did Monsanto pick six months? 15 A Why what? 16 Q Why did you pick six months to run your 17 study? 18 A We listened to the man who started 19 experiments, Dr. Treon, who is the toxicologist at 20 (Kennerly) Laboratories in Cincinnati. 21 Q He is the one that told you this is the 22 length of time we ought do it for? 23 A That's correct. 24 Q There were also some shorter studies done at 25 the same time, correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3478 472 1 A Yes, sir. 2 Q How long were those? 3 A I don't recall. 4 Q Show you doctor ?? 5 THE COURT: Would you be kind enough to show 6 the ?? 7 Q (By Mr. Murray) This is a document marked as 8 Monsanto Exhibit 235. Is that the published report of 9 the Treon Studies that were done for Monsanto? 10 A Yes, it is. 11 Q Now, just so the jury doesn'tmisunderstand, 12 the actual reports from the studies contained all of the 13 data and they were kind of thick, right? The reports 14 that Monsanto received as a result of those studies were 15 thick reports, correct? 16 A It wasn't so thick. This is pretty much whac 17 he said in the report. I mean this is the summary of 18 the data. 19 Q I understand that's. The only point I'm 20 trying to make, that document that you have is more of a 21 summary of all of the tests that were done, correct? 22 A Well, yes, but it's a pretty good description 23 of the test. 24 Q I'm not disagreeing with that, Doctor. The 25 only point I'm trying to make, and I'm not trying to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3479 473 1 hide anything from you. These were the actual reports 2 that were given to Monsanto, correct? 3 A Yes, sir. 4 Q And again, this is Monsanto Exhibits 233 and 5 234 . 6 A Yes. This has more tables in it, yes. 7 Q And that's the only point I'm trying to make, 8 Doctor. I don't want to mislead anybody. The document 9 that I originally gave you is a summary of those two big 10 thick documents, correct? 11 A I guess so, yes, sir. 12 Q And it was published in the scientific 13 literature; was it not? 14 A Yes, sir. 15 Q As a result of the studies that Dr. Treon 16 performed, he recommended certain levels in what are 17 called MACs, correct? 18 A Yes. 19 Q Tell the jury what MACs are. 20 A MACs is a term that was used as a Maximum 21 Allowable Concentration. That meant that you were not 22 supposed to exceed that concentration in the work 23 environment. That was subplanted by the term TLV, which 24 is Threshold Limit Value, which is the more modern 25 term. I don't know whether they were still using MACs Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3480 474 1 in 1964 or not, but threshold limit is a safe limit than 2 a worker could be in eight hours a day for his 3 lifetime. 4 Q And that was one of the reasons why that 5 study was commissioned, was it not, Doctor, to determine 6 what those maximum allowable concentrations should be? 7 A Or the threshold limit value. I don't know. 8 Q Let's use one term or the other. I don't 9 care. 10 A Let's use TLV. That's more appropriate. 11 Q Okay. So one of the reasons that that study 12 was commissioned was to determine what the TLV should 13 be? 14 A That's correct. 15 Q And Dr. Treon made some recommendations in 16 that regard; did he not? 17 A Yes, he did. 18 Q Tell the jury what they were. 19 A He recommended for the 1254 there would be 20 one milligram per cubic meter of air. For 1242 he 21 recommended that it would be, I think, two. He found 22 that 2.6 milligrams of the material for 1242 was not 23 toxic. He recommended something around, he said the 24 1242 should be two milligrams per liter, and the 25 Government Industrial Hygienist group or Government Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3481 475 1 Association of Government Industrial Hygienists ?? 2 Q I'll get to that. Let me ask you. You said 3 2 milligrams per liter? 4 A Yes. That's correct. 5 Q You sure you're not meaning 2 milligrams per 6 cubic meter? 7 A Per cubic meter. No. He said ?? he 8 recommended (micrograms per liter) , but that is the 9 same. There are a thousand liters in a cubic meter. 10 Q Okay. So it's roughly the same, in any 11 event, from micrograms per liter ?? I mean ?? yes. 12 milligrams per cubic meter? 13 A That's correct. 14 Q So the jury can understand the amounts that 15 we're talking about, a cubic meter is just that. It s 16 one meter up, down, on each side? 17 A Sideways, yes. 18 Q What is a milligram? 19 A Milligram is a thousandth of a gram. 20 Q You, as a doctor, Dr. Kelly, would know 21 basically what the ?? let's use an aspirin as an 22 example. You know how big an aspirin is with regard to 23 milligrams 9 24 A What? 25 Q How big is an aspirin? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3482 476 1 A It could be from one ?? usually in grains. 2 Five grain aspirin is the size of a tablet. There are 3 15 grains in a gram, so that would be 300 milligrams. 4 Q When aspirin is 300 milligrams, so the 2 5 milligrams that were recommended there is l/150th of an 6 aspirin? 7 A That's correct, if we are talking about gases 8 other than solids. 9 Q I understand. I'm trying to get an idea of 10 what we're talking about. And that would be accurate? 11 A Well, yes, but you're confusing solids with 12 gases. In this cubic meter you've got a gas. You don'c 13 have a solid in there. In other words, a cubic meter of 14 air is a gas. 15 Q I understand that. And a milligram, whether 16 it's a milligram of aspirin or a milligram of gas, it's 17 the same thing; isn't it? 18 MS. RUTTER: Objection, asked and answered. 19 THE COURT: The attorney has made an 20 objection. The objection will be overruled. Ask the 21 question again. 22 Q (By Mr. Murray) Maybe I'm confusing you, 23 Doctor. All I'm trying to understand is the volume 24 contained in a milligram. Whether it's a volume of gas 25 or a volume of a solid, it's the same; isn't it? A Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3483 477 1 milligram is a milligram? 2 A The volume is the same, yes. 3 Q Prior to Dr. Treon running his studies, ther 4 appeared in the medical literature, did there not, an 5 article by a Dr. Meigs? 6 A Doctor who. 7 Q Meigs, M?E?I?G?S? 8 A Yes, sir. I don't know if that preceded the 9 ?? 10 Q Roughly around the same time? 11 A Beg your pardon. 12 Q Roughly done around the same time? 13 A Yes . 14 Q I'll show you a document, Doctor, that I ' ve 15 marked as Plaintiff's Exhibit No. 269. That is, I' 11 16 represent to you, a compilation of memos and other 17 documents. At the back of that document I would ask yo 18 to turn to that page. We will get to all of these, but 19 I want to make sure I've got the right thing here. 20 Beginning on the numbered page SCM048725, that's the 21 article by Dr. Meigs; is it not? 22 A Yes, sir, it is. 23 Q Dr. Meigs relates in that article that there 24 were some cases of chloracne resulting from exposures o 25 .1 milligram per cubic meter; does he not? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3484 478 1 A He doesn't quite put it that way. 2 Q Tell the jury what he says it says. 3 A He says, "Four months ago we ran one test of 4 the air and found one?tenth of a milligram. So four 5 months later these people developed chloracne. I wrote 6 Meigs and said, "Look what's going on. We had people 7 working at two or three times one?tenth of a milligram 8 and get no chloracne." And he wrote back and said, 9 "Well, we don't really know what they were exposed to 10 outside of this one time." And he said, "I'm not 11 quarreling with the allowable concentration set by the 12 government industrial hygienists, but it's just I'm 13 reporting what I found." The trouble with Meigs' 14 article is ?? 15 Q Doctor, I'll allow you to say whatever you 16 want to. I just want to clear up some preliminaries 17 first. Dr. Meigs, according to your testimony, went 18 into plant where they found these cases of chloracne and 19 measured the air for PCB content; is that right? 20 A No, that is not true. 21 Q What did he do? 22 A Meigs went to the plant. The people, 23 somebody from the Connecticut State Board of Health, 24 four months previously to this had measured the air and 25 found one?tenth of a milligram per cubic meter. If you Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3485 479 1 have a leak, you have a leak there out of some gas, some 2 of the joints, and you don't know how much is leaking 3 one day or the next. 4 Q I understand that, but I just want to get the 5 circumstances straight in my mind. 6 A Well, he didn't (inaudible). 7 Q Let me ask the question, please. Dr. Meigs 8 went in and diagnosed seven cases of chloracne, right? 9 A Well, yes. 10 Q I'll get to everything. He went in and 11 diagnosed seven cases of chloracne? 12 A Very mild chloracne. 13 Q Four months prior to that there was a 14 measurement taken of PCB content in the air? 15 A That's correct. 16 Q And it was even before that, was it not, than 17 the leak started? 18 A Presumably, yes. 19 Q And in fact, some of these workerswere 20 exposed to the PCB content in the air for a period as 21 long as twelve months; isn't that right? 22 A That's correct. 23 Q So this measurement was taken somewhere 24 towards the end of their exposure, but they were still 25 being exposed at the time, right? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3486 480 1 A But the answer is yes, but not towards the 2 end. It was four months prior to when Meigs saw his 3 first case. 4 Q Which was also prior to them fixing the leak, 5 right? 6 A Yes. 7 Q So these measurements were taken somewhere 8 during the time of exposure? 9 A Yes. But my point was, Mr. Murray, that I do 10 not see how that one measurement can define exposure 11 that these people had, because when you have leaks in a 12 chemical plant, it isn't a solid ?? like you have ups 13 and downs in the leaks. 14 Q And how do you know whether or not that 15 measurement was taken on an up or a down? 16 A No, either do I, but ?? 17 Q So the point is that's the only measurement 18 we have, right? 19 A That's right, but that's a pretty (feral) 20 lead to base a conclusion on. 21 Q And that was one?twentieth the proposed MAC 22 that was proposed by Dr. Treon; is that correct? 23 A It was one?twentieth of the MAC proposed by 24 Treon, but it was the government had cut Treon 25 recommendation. The government group had cut the TLV to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3487 481 1 one. 2 Q So it was one?tenth of what the government 3 had proposed? 4 A That's correct. 5 Q Now, just so we don't misunderstand, they 6 actually found the leaks and fixed them; did they not? 7 A Yes . 8 Q And when they did that, all that chloracne 9 went away? 10 A Yes, sir. 11 Q That article came out in 1954; did it not, 12 Dr. Kelly? 13 A Yes, sir. 14 Q Let me ask you, Dr. Kelly. After the Treon 15 Studies were done, did you become aware of some studies 16 that the Navy had done on Pydraul? 17 A Yes, sir. 18 Q Pydraul 150, right? 19 A I don't know which Pydraul. 20 Q Let me show you the document. I' 11 show you 21 a document marked as Plaintiff's Exhibit No. 149. Is 22 that a memo ?? 23 MS. RUTTER: Your Honor, I would object to 24 the relevance of Pydraul issues discussed. 25 THE COURT: What is the exhibit? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3488 482 1 MR. MURRAY: 149, Your Honor. 2 THE COURT: I think you gave me too many. 3 I've got them out of order. Counsel approach. 4 [At this time a bench discussion was held.] 5 Q (By Mr. Murray) Have you had a chance to look 6 at that document? 7 THE COURT: Excuse me. Let her get her 8 seat. All right. Proceed. 9 Q (By Mr. Murray) Have you had a chance to look 10 at that document? 11 A Yes, I have. 12 Q Is that the memo regarding a visit that you 13 had with the Navy? 14 A Yes, sir. 15 Q Regarding Pydraul 150? 16 A Yes, sir. 17 Q Tell the jury, if you know, Dr. Kelly, what 18 is Pydraul 150. 19 A It is a sub PCB (inaudible). I don't know 20 the rest of it. In fact, I think it has about less than 21 25 percent PCBs. I'm not sure. 22 Q The Navy was going to use that as a hydraulic 23 fluid, r ight? 24 A Presumably. 25 Q And that was what Pydraul 150 was marketed Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3489 483 1 as? 2 A Yes. 3 Q And the Navyransome tests on the Pydraul 4 before it decided what to do, right? 5 A Yes, sir. 6 Q Tell the jury whatthe results of those tests 7 were as you relayed in that memo. 8 MS. RUTTER: Objection to relevance. 9 THE COURT: (Inaudible). 10 Q (By Mr. Murray) You may answer. They did two 11 tests. First they took the material and administered to 12 the skin of rabbits, and they don't say how long they 13 administered. They don't say how much they did. They 14 just said ?? for all I know, they may have dunk the 15 rabbits in it. They all died, so they treated them 16 pretty roughly. They did ?? the control they used was a 17 compound that they ?? I don't know what Cellulube 220 18 is, but it wasn't used in the submarines anyway, so I 19 don't know what happened to the control. 20 Then they had inhaled the material at 21 two?tenths of a part in the component. Well, that would 22 be, if the air was 25 percent of the mixture, that would 23 be half of ?? half a milligram of the material for 24 24 hours a day and 50 days. They don't say the number of 25 animals, except that they did it for 24 hours for 50 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3490 484 1 days. They had statistically definite liver damage. N< 2 description of what the liver was, what the damage was. 3 So they said we don't think it ought to used in the 4 submarines where you're recycling air all the time. 5 Q So actually the air that was circulating in 6 their inhalation tests were two parts per million of 7 Aroclors, correct? I'm sorry. Two?tenths of a part pe: 8 million? 9 A Yes, sir. 10 Q And I believe you said that that corresponds 11 to a half a milligram per cubic meter? 12 A Per cubic meter, yes, sir. 13 Q Is that a half, Doctor, or . 05? 14 A I can't hear you. 15 Q Is that a half milligram or half a microgram1 16 A It's a half a milligram. 17 Q Two?tenths of a part per million? 18 A That isn't what he said. He said two?tenths 19 of the Aroclor components. Now, the Aroclor component 20 is 25 percent of the mixture. You are getting 21 two?tenths of that, which is 5. 22 Q Let me just ask you to read that second 23 paragraph so that the jury can ?? beginning with the .24 inhalation 25 A Yes, sir. "The inhalation of 10 milligrams Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3491 485 1 of Pydraul 150 per cubic meter or approximately 2 two?tenths of a part of the Aroclor component per 3 million for 24 hours a day for 50 days caused, 4 statistically, definite liver damage. No matter how we 5 discussed the situation, it was impossible to change 6 their thinking that Pydraul 150 is just too toxic for 7 use in a submarine. It may be that such concentrations 8 would never be reached in the submarine, but the Navy 9 does not appear willing to even put the material in a 10 trial run to see if it will work." 11 Q The Navy didn't even want to paint one 12 submarine or use that stuff in one submarine? 13 A That's what it said, yes. Of course a 14 submarine is a little different than the (millions of 15 pounds it's used other places.) 16 Q I understand that. And this occurred in 17 1957, correct, doctor? 18 A Yes, sir. 19 Q So within a three year period, 1954 to 1957, 20 you were confronted with three different situations, 21 with three different levels of Aroclors in the air all 22 of which were causing damage to the test subjects, 23 correct? 24 A To the experiments, yes. 25 Q One caused damage to humans at .1milligram Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3492 486 1 per cubic meter. Dr. Treon's study caused damage to 2 rats at 1.5 milligrams per cubic meter, and this Navy 3 study caused liver damage to the rats at .5 milligrams 4 per cubic meter. Is that a fair statement of those 5 three test? 6 A No, I don't think it is, because let's take 7 the Navy study. The Navy study did not say anything 8 about what pathology was, what troubles the animals 9 had. It did not say ?? have any controls in the 10 experiment. It was certainly a non?test as far as any 11 standard toxicological testing was concerned. 12 Q Let me ask you about that. You state in here 13 that the tests caused statistically definite liver 14 damage? 15 A I'm sorry. It did cause liver damage, yes. 16 Q Do you have any reason to believe, Doctor, 17 that when the Navy runs inhalation tests, that it 18 doesn't follow standard toxicological procedures? 19 A Yes, I do. 20 Q Why is that? 21 A Because I've seen a number of the tests that 22 the Navy has carried out that are not standard tests. 23 Q When did you see that? 24 A In the course of my work with Monsanto. 25 Q I'll ask you to be a little more specific, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3493 487 1 Doctor. When did you see the Navy run toxicological 2 tests that weren't according to toxicological standards? 3 A Well, there's one right here. In their skin 4 testing they didn't do it. 5 Q They didn't do what? 6 A Didn't follow the standard procedure. They 7 have no doses down there at all. 8 Q Well, they might not have told you the dose, 9 Doctor, but do you have any ?? did you read a report on 10 these tests? 11 A Did I what? 12 Q Did you read a report on these tests? 13 A No, I did not. 14 Q You were having a conversation with somebody 15 from the Navy who were telling you about these tests, 16 right? 17 A I don't recall what they told me at all. 18 Q But you did go back andwrite a memo? 19 A Beg your pardon? 20 Q You did go back andright amemo on it? 21 A Certainly, I did, but Idon'tremember what 22 happened in 1953, forty years ago what the Navy told me. 23 Q I certainly don't expect you to, Doctor. I 24 don't expect you to. The only thing I'm saying is that 25 you have no reason tobelieve that these tests were not Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3494 488 1 run according to toxicological standards? 2 A Well, yes, I do, because the material that 3 the information is on there, which is all I have, the 4 only recollection I have of this meeting. As far as th< 5 skin test is concerned, it does not show any. It 6 doesn't show the number of animals. It doesn't show 7 what the dose was. 8 Q Just because the memo that you wrote 9 regarding your conversation with Navy persons doesn't 10 say it, it doesn't mean it wasn't done; does it? 11 A No, it doesn't mean it wasn't done, but it 12 says I don't know whether I had any information about 13 that at all. 14 Q You don't know one way or the other? 15 A What? 16 Q You don't know one way or the other whether 17 you had that information? 18 A No, I certainly don't have the information, 19 because it isn't there. 20 Q Let me ask you about the skin test. They 21 used a control; didn't they? 22 A Yes, sir. 23 Q They tested some rabbits with Pydraul 150 an> 24 some rabbits with Cellulube 220, right? 25 A Yes, sir. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3495 489 1 Q And the ones with Pydraul died, and the ones 2 that had Cellulube on them didn't die? 3 A That's right. 4 Q Do you have any reason to believe that they 5 weren't using a like amount on the rabbit? 6 A I have no reason to believe or disbelieve. 7 Q And the standard toxicological procedure, 8 when you run a skin patch test like that, you use a set 9 of controls? 10 A Yes, sir. 11 Q Now, you mentioned in here that the amount 12 was ?? the amount administered was not given? 13 A That's correct. 14 Q Did you ask for it? 15 A I don't know if I asked for it or not. I 16 should recall it now whether I asked for it? 17 Q Is there any reason that you have to believe 18 that when the Navy developed the protocol for these 19 tests, that they didn't use standard toxicological 20 procedures? 21 A I have no reason to believe that the Navy was 22 experts in toxicological matters. 23 Q Just so we'll get it straight on the record, 24 Doctor, you weren't an expert in toxicological tests 25 either; were you? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3496 490 1 A What? 2 Q You were not an expert in toxicological 3 testing either; were you? 4 A At what time? By 1974, I certainly was. 5 Q I'm not asking in '74. Back in the fifties 6 you asked Dr. Treon to tell you how long to do this 7 stuff and what the dosage should be; didn't you? 8 A I think you're oversimplifying it. Treon was 9 an experienced toxicologist. We discussed what the 10 problem was. We discussed what the matter of the 11 testing was going to be, and then he was the one that 12 did the testing, and he carried out the limits. So than 13 does not mean that I was completely ignorant of what was 14 happening in the toxicological experiments. 15 Q Please, Dr. Kelly,don't misunderstand me. 16 I'm not saying you were ignorant of what was happening. 17 The point is that you consulted an expert to tell you 18 what the protocol should be on your toxicological test; 19 didn't you? 20 A No. This was the man that was going to do 21 the testing. You don't go to a head of a toxicological 22 laboratory and say, "Here is the way I want to do it." 23 You go there and say, "Here's our problem. What we wane 24 to do is find out the toxicity of the material. What do 25 you think about it?" Then you discuss it, and they Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3497 491 1 come out with a protocol. 2 Q Exactly. And do you have any reason to 3 believe, Dr. Kelly, that the Navy didn't do that when 4 they were doing their tests? 5 A Well, as I said, I do not recall seeing any 6 Navy reports that would be examined by toxicologists 7 apart from the Navy people. I do not know. They came 8 out with ?? they were not set up to run toxicological 9 experiments. 10 Q I don't think they probably were either, 11 Doctor, and isn't that all the more reason that they 12 would go to an expert to have their test done? 13 A I'm sorry. What did you say? 14 Q Isn't that all the more reason why they would 15 go to an expert to have their toxicological test run, 16 who would then advise them on how to set it up and how 17 to do it andmaybe doit for them? 18 A If they did that, they didn't say it. 19 Q I guess the point you're making is you didn'c 20 see the writtenresults of the tests? 21 A I'm sorry. I could not hear you. 22 Q I guess you're saying you didn't see the 23 written results of the test that were performed by the 24 Navy, but you did talk to somebody who told you about 25 them? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3498 492 1 A I told you I don't even recall the details of 2 the conversation. 3 Q Okay. In any event, Doctor, at this time in 4 1957, you knew that at least the Navy was telling you 5 that they had run toxicological tests that showed an 6 effect level at .5 milligrams per cubic meter; is that 7 right? 8 A Repeat that, please. 9 Q In 1957 you were told by the Navy that they 10 had run tests on PCBs which showed an effect, in fact, 11 statistically definite liver damage at .5 cubic 12 milligrams per cubic meter? 13 A That's correct. 14 Q And that was half of what the recommended 15 MACs were at that time, TLVs were at that time? 16 A The TLV for 1254 were .5, also. The TLVs for 17 1242 was 1. 18 Q TLVs are supposed to be limits that show no 19 effect; aren't they? 20 A That's right. 21 Q These tests were showing effects at that 22 level; were they not? 23 A Yes, sir. 24 Q Did you do anything with regard to your 25 knowledge resulting from that Navy test and results froiln Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3499 493 1 the Meigs Study? 2 A Did I do anything? 3 Q Yes, sir. Did you go to the American 4 Congress of Industrial Hygienists and tell them, "Look 5 you set your MACs too low?? or too high"? 6 A First of all, Meigs, himself, said, "I am nor 7 quarreling with the one milligram per cubic meter." You 8 have to set ?? 9 Q I didn't ask you for an argument, Doctor. I 10 asked you if you had done it. 11 A No, I didn't do it, but I can tell you the 12 reason why I didn't do it. 13 Q Go ahead. 14 A We have one mild case of chloracne, a series 15 of chloracne at one installation, not an electrical 16 installation at all. A heat transfer agency. This is 17 in contradistinction to the millions and millions of 18 pounds of the material used as a heat transfer agent 19 with no ill effects. I didn't see any reason at all for 20 saying everybody was out of step but Meigs, especially 21 when Meigs says himself, "I'm not quarreling with the 22 one milligram level of this set." 23 Q But, Doctor, is it fair to say that you 24 treated the Meigs Study as an aberration. 25 A Beg your pardon? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3500 494 1 Q Did you treat it as an aberration, as 2 something that would never happen again? 3 A Well, frankly, it didn't happen again. 4 Q Is that the way you treated it back then wheji 5 you found out about it? 6 A No. I analyzed it from the standpoint of 7 here is a man that says I found this. I'm not sure wha 8 the level was when they give it to him, but it gave the:m 9 the problem, and I'm not quarreling with the 1.0 10 figure. 11 Q He didn't provide you with any information, 12 did he, Doctor, that the .1 measurement that was taken 13 was incorrect? 14 A No. I assume it was correct. 15 Q So that at that point the only information we 16 had or you had was that there were seven people who got 17 chloracne poisoning because of .1 milligrams of PCBs in 18 the air? 19 A No, because I could not be sure it was .1 20 milligrams in the air because that was not taken. That 21 was taken at one particular radical period of time, and 22 we had workers that were exposed to three and four times 23 that level with no PCBs. 24 Q How many workers that were involved were 25 exposed to that leak in the plant that Meigs was talking Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3501 495 1 about? 2 A The Meigs? Fourteen, I believe. 3 Q And seven of them got chloracne, right? 4 A Well, yes, but three of them didn't even know 5 they had it. 6 Q Let's talk about that a little bit. 7 Chloracne is just pimples, right? 8 A Is what? 9 Q Pimples. 10 A It's a little more than pimples. It's in a 11 special area. It may have pigmentation. 12 Q And it could be a very mild case, and you 13 might not even realize that you have it? 14 A That's correct. 15 Q And, in fact, it was actually six of the 16 people who had it didn't know they had it, right? 17 You're welcome to look at the study, if you want, but 18 there was one person who complained about it, and Dr. 19 Meigs went into the plant and found six other cases; 20 didn't he? 21 A That's correct. 22 Q So six out of the seven didn't even know they 23 had chloracne? 24 A That's correct. 25 Q Didn't even know that they had been poisoned? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3502 496 1 A I don't think the term poisoned is correct. 2 Q Tell me about what chloracne is. 3 A Chloracne is a skin response to the 4 chlorinated compound, some chlorinated compound. It's 5 probably due to absorption of the material and is 6 characterized by an increase in the sweat gland, 7 increased mostly around the cheeks and in the face. 8 It's different from teenage acne by usually being more 9 severe, and it may be accompanied by pigmentation, a 10 black pigmentation which does not occur in teenage 11 acne. 12 Q Chloracne is an adverse reaction resulting 13 from an exposure to a chemical? 14 A That's correct. 15 Q What is the difference between that and 16 poison? 17 A Well, I think the (stigma) you're putting on 18 poison is that you're using a term that characterizes a 19 systemic illness; that usually when a person is 20 poisoned, he has big problems, and these people 21 certainly did not have big problems. 22 Q I understand that, Doctor, and please don't 23 think that I'm trying to blow this out of proportion. 24 A You (inaudible). 25 Q The fact is that any adverse reaction to a Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3503 497 1 chemical substance, whether it be taken by mouth or 2 absorbed through the skin, is a systemic poisoning; is 3 it not? Whether it be a mild poisoning or a severe 4 poisoning? 5 A Conceivably, you could say yes, but the 6 average person who hears the word poisoning believes 7 that that connotates a rather generalized systemic 8 effect. 9 Q Which is exactly the point I'm making. 10 Chloracne is a systemic effect; isn't it? 11 A Yes, it is. 12 Q It's not something that you get on the skin 13 and get an allergic reaction from it. It is actually a 14 chemical that is attacking the body in such a way that 15 it's causing chloracne? 16 A Well, working on some of the hormonal factor 17 that cause chloracne, yes. 18 Q There was actually liver damage found in the 19 Meigs Study; wasn't there? 20 A No, there was not. 21 Q I'm afraid you might have my copy that I'm b 22 looking for. I apologize, Doctor. I need to get it i 23 think I lost it. I don't know where it is. Doctor, I'Un 24 going to direct your attention to page SCM048727 of 25 Plaintiff's Exhibit No. 269. I'm going to ask you to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3504 498 1 read this, from the word "the seven employees", and 2 continue for the rest of that paragraph. 3 A "The seven employees in whom chloracne had 4 developed had liver function tests performed. Tests 5 included direct and total bilirubin determinations and 6 24 and 48 hour cephalin flocculation, thymol turbidity, 7 and alkaline phosphate use determinations. Six of the 8 subjects had completely normal test results. One 9 employee had borderline cephalin flocculation and thymojL 10 turbidity. Thirteen months later repeated liver 11 function tests showed an unchanged cephalin flocculatio 12 and improved thymol turbidity. Results of complete 13 blood cell counts and urinalysis were normal in all 14 instances. All had normal blood pressures with no othe 15 clinical evidence of any chlorinated diphenyl toxicity. 16 Q Are those liver tests elevated in that one 17 worker who had the chloracne, Doctor? 18 A Beg your pardon? 19 Q Are those liver function tests elevated in 20 the one worker who had the chloracne? 21 A It was borderline. 22 Q Borderline elevated? 23 A What? 24 Q I don't want to argue over semantics, but 25 wasn't it elevated? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3505 499 1 A I don't know how it was. They said 2 borderline. If you take seven people on the jury and 3 run cephalin flocculations on them, you're liable to geo 4 one borderline, but with all of the other liver 5 functions tests normal, I don't think anybody paid any 6 attention to it. 7 Q And they ran it again, too; didn't they? 8 A I'm sorry? 9 Q They ran the same test again, didn't they, on 10 that worker? 11 A Yes. It was just the same, but cephalin 12 flocculation test is a test that's used no more. It is 13 subplanted, but there is no ?? 14 Q In 1954 it was used to determine liver 15 function; wasn't it? 16 A Yes, but a borderline elevation doesn't show 17 a diseased liver. If fact, two drinks of beer before he 18 (took it) could have changed the cephalin flocculation. 19 Q The Treon studies that were done, Dr. Kelly, 20 did they cause any concern in your Monsanto plant in 21 Europe? 22 A I don't know. They may have. 23 Q In fact, they were very concerned about their 24 paints; were they not? 25 A Yes. They should have been. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3506 500 1 Q Have you ever heard of using a ten?fold 2 safety factor in establishing TLVs? 3 A I've heard of it. I don't know who uses it. 4 Q Wasn't that the norm? 5 A Beg your pardon? 6 Q Wasn't that the norm? 7 A No, it wasn't, because if you take the 8 American Government Industrial Hygienists, they did not 9 take the ten?fold factor. 10 Q With regard to PCBs? 11 A Yes. 12 Q I'm talking about the norm. Isn't it the 13 norm, when establishing TLVs, that you take the highest 14 no effect level and reduce it by ten?fold? 15 A No, sir, I don't believe that's the norm. 16 Q I'm going to show you a document which has 17 been marked as Plaintiff's Exhibit 146 and ask you if 18 you can identify that for me, sir? 19 A This is a letter by memorandum from J. W. 20 Barrett, who is in our English company, to (Mason), who 21 is head of research in St. Louis. These are two 22 research people with a carbon copy for Dr. Newman, who 23 was the plant's medical director. 24 Q And in this letter Mr. Barrett states that 25 here, I guess meaning in Europe? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3507 501 1 A That's correct. 2 Q There is a convention that a factor of 10 is 3 used in (inaudible) for the animal toxicity to human 4 toxicity. 5 MS. RUTTER: Objection to the relevance of 6 what's common in Europe. 7 THE COURT: It will be overruled. 8 Q (By Mr. Murray) In other words, there would 9 be an interpretation that Aroclor 1254 should not be 10 used where a quantity, where atmospheres containing a 11 quantity something less than .15 milligram per cubic 12 meter results. Is that what he said in that letter? 13 A That's what he says, but the people in the 14 United States have ?? this is his opinion, and I don't 15 believe that he is an expert. 16 Q Would you consider Emmet Wheeler an expert? 17 A Beg your pardon? 18 Q Would you consider Emmet Wheeler to be an 19 expert in that? 20 A Not necessarily. I consider the government 21 industrial hygienist group an expert, and they don't use 22 a factor of ten. 23 Q Let me ask you who Emmet Wheeler is. 24 A I'm sorry. I can' t hear you. 25 Q Let me ask you who Emmet Wheeler is? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3508 502 1 A Was. He is dead. 2 Q Let me ask you who he was. 3 A He was the director of the administration fo 4 toxic ?? for the paramedical aspects of the medical 5 department, the toxicologists of the industrial 6 hygienists reported to him. 7 Q He was the head industrial hygienist at Monsanto; was he not? 9 A That's correct. 10 Q That's what I though. 11 MS. RUTTER: Just for the record, his name 12 Elmer. 13 MR. MURRAY: You're right. I'm sorry. It' 14 Elmer Wheeler. 15 Q (By Mr. Murray) Let me show you a document 16 that got mark as Exhibit 271. Is that a letter from 17 Elmer Wheeler, your head industrial hygienist? 18 A Yes . 19 Q Who is that written to? 20 A Harold Newman, who is a physician in 21 England. 22 Q A Monsanto physician in England, right? 23 A That's correct. 24 Q He was the medical director of the Monsanto 25 facility in England; was he not? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3509 503 1 A Yes, sir. 2 Q And in this letter Mr. Wheeler is talking 3 about the MACs that were referenced in the letter from 4 Mr. Barrett, right? 5 A I don't know. I haven't read it. You took 6 it away from me. 7 Q I'm sorry. I apologize for that. You can 8 keep that copy. 9 A Now, is there a question? 10 Q In that letter Mr. Wheeler ?? is it Mr. or 11 Dr. Wheeler? 12 A Mr. Wheeler. 13 Q He wasn't a Ph.D.? 14 A No. 15 Q Mr. Wheeler is referencing a letter that we 16 had just talked about where they talked about a ten?fold 17 factor, right? 18 A Wait till I see it. Yes, sir. 19 Q I'm going to have to borrow this copy. 20 A Beg your pardon? 21 Q I'm going to have to borrow this copy. 22 Sorry. I'm going to ask you to read the last paragraph 23 on page one. 24 A I hope that MCL, that's England. 25 Q Monsanto England, right? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13510 504 1 A Monsanto England. "Will not interpret 2 Treon's results in such a fashion that MAC values lower 3 than those indicated above are ever mentioned in public 4 in Great Britain." 5 Q Stop right there, Doctor. What was indicated 6 above? 7 A Where it says that Treon believed, proposes 8 that 2.0 milligrams per cubic meter for 1254 to be used 9 ?? 1242, rather, and one or 1.0 for 1254. 10 Q Okay. Go ahead and continue reading. 11 A "In Dr. Hardy's memo to you dated September 6, 12 1955, he pointed out that perhaps the MAC for Aroclor 13 1254 should be 0.15 milligrams per cubic meter. 14 Although it is common to use a safety factor of 10 in 15 transposing safe levels for animals to safe levels for 16 humans, we do not feel that such a safety factor is 17 necessary with the Aroclors. If the Aroclors were new 18 products with limited use and handling experience, if 19 there had been recent cases of illness in workers 20 exposed to these materials, or if Treon's work had been 21 less extensive, then we would agree that the exposure 22 which caused no effects in animals might be too high for 23 humans. This is not the case, however. 24 Q Let me stop you there. So what he is saying 25 in here is that the safety factor of 10 is normal? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13511 505 1 A Is what? 2 Q Normal or common? 3 A He said common. 4 Q Safety factor of 10 in transposing animal 5 toxic studies to humans is common? 6 A It is common. It was common when there was 7 no human experience. 8 Q And he says that because of the human 9 experience with Aroclors, they feel safe in making the 10 levels what they were? 11 A Yes, sir. 12 Q He goes on to say, does he not, that if there 13 had been a report of cases of illnesses in workers 14 recently exposed to these materials, that that might noc 15 be the case, right? 16 A Yes, sir. That is what he says. 17 Q This letter was written in October 1955; is 18 that correct? 19 A Yes, sir. 20 Q That was less than a year after the Meigs 21 Study where seven workers had chloracne; is that right? 22 A Yes, sir. 23 Q He mentions in there, Dr. Kelly, about the 24 past experience of Monsanto with these Aroclors? 25 A Beg your pardon? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13512 506 1 Q He mentions in there about the past 2 experience of Monsanto with the Aroclors; is that right? 3 A Yes, sir. 4 Q And he says because of that experience, 5 without having any injury, we feel safe in having the 6 levels where they are? 7 A He says that particular factor has to be 8 taken into consideration along with the work on 9 animals. It's not only Monsanto, but Monsanto 10 customers, that with the exception of four or five 11 isolated instances, you're blowing this Meigs thing up 12 into a crises, which it certainly was not. That has to 13 be taken into account along with the results of the 14 animal experimentation. 15 Q Let's talk about the past experience of 16 Monsanto, because Monsanto talks about that frequently, 17 don't they, when discussing Aroclors? 18 A I'm sorry. You dropped off. 19 Q When Monsanto discusses the toxicity of 20 Aroclors, they refer to their past experience with it 21 and the fact there haven't been injuries with it? 22 A That's correct. 23 Q Let's talk about that. We know, do we not, 24 Doctor, that part of the toxicity of Aroclors is that 25 they can cause chloracne? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13513 507 1 A Yes. 2 Q We also know that six out seven people who 3 had chloracne in the Meigs Study didn't even know they 4 had it; did they? 5 A That's correct. 6 Q The other target of Aroclors is the liver, 7 right? 8 A Yes, sir. And the people in the Meigs Study 9 had no problem with their livers. 10 Q We've gone over that already. Did Monsanto 11 run liver function studies on its employees? 12 A On occasion they did. 13 Q And what would be the occasion for that? 14 A They had liver function studies, but they 15 took over the operation of Swann. (We had) liver. 16 Q That was in 1935? 17 A Yes, sir. They also had it in 1973. We ran 18 a battery of liver tests on the employees and found 19 entirely normal liver function tests. 20 Q Doctor, in 1973 Monsanto had ceased all 21 production of the Aroclors with the exception of 1016, 22 right? 23 A I thought they still ?? I think they still 24 manufactured 1242 until 1977. 25 THE COURT: This is a good breaking point. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13514 508 1 Doctor, we are going to be at recess until 4:15. You 2 will return to the witness stand at 4:15. 3 Ladies and Gentlemen, at this time we are 4 going to take our afternoon break. Justice requires 5 that you not make up your mind in this case until all 6 the evidence has been heard. You are not to discuss 7 this case among yourselves. Nor are you to permit 8 anyone to discuss this case with you. 9 (Ms. Orsborn was replaced by Ms. Olliges.) 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13515 509 1 THE COURT: Ladies and gentlemen, I 2 appreciate your diligence so much in this case that at 3 six o'clock, even if the attorneys are in the middle of 4 a word, we're going to stop. I've already told them 5 that, and I do understand that some of you parked on 6 various lots and that you have to have your cars off the 7 lots at or about six o'clock. So we're going to stop at 8 six o'clock, and should I go ten seconds past 6:00, just 9 give me the signal it's time to go. Okay. 10 Mr. Murray, you may proceed. 11 MR. MURRAY: Thank you, Your Honor. 12 CONTINUED DIRECT EXAMINATION 13 Q. Dr. Kelly, isn't it true that the Monsanto 14 employees who worked with Aroclors didn't have any 15 significant exposure? 16 A. I didn't hear your last words. What did 17 you say? 18 Q. Isn't it true that the Monsanto employees 19 who worked with Aroclors didn't have any substantial 20 exposure? 21 A. I wouldn't say that. 22 Q. Well, isn't it true that the Monsanto 23 plants used PCBs and their component products in a 24 closed system? 25 A. Well, in a chemical plant, a closed system Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13516 510 1 involves a transfer of material by pumps and by filling, 2 so there is exposure at the pumps, there's exposure 3 during the filling of the drums, so, yes, they can have 4 exposure. 5 Q. I think the term I used was significant 6 exposure. 7 A. I'm sorry? 8 Q. I think the term I used, and you may not 9 have heard it, they didn't have any significant 10 exposure. 11 A. Well, I don't think the Meigs people had 12 significant exposure either. 13 Q. That's not what I asked, doctor. Is it 14 true that your employees did not have any significant 15 exposure to Aroclors in their work? 16 A. In their routine work they did not except 17 at the filling. That could be significant. I do not 18 know during breakdowns whether or not ?? I'm sure there 19 was more exposure than normal. 20 Q. Let me show you, doctor, an exhibit which 21 I've marked as Plaintiff's Exhibit 175. Is this a 22 letter from you to a Dr. William Heeks with the Sprague 23 Electric Company. 24 A. Yes, sir. 25 Q. That's in 1963; correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13517 511 1 A. Yes, sir. 2 Q. I'll ask you to read the last paragraph, 3 let's say the second?to?last paragraph of that letter. 4 A. "In our plants where we manufacture 5 Aroclors, we do periodic physical examinations on our 6 workers at 12 to 24 month intervals. These are quite 7 comprehensive but do not involve any special laboratory 8 procedures such as liver function tests. We do not 9 consider that we have any significant working exposure. 10 However, we have never heard any reports from our 11 customers of such routine testing procedures." 12 Q. Aren't you saying in that letter, 13 Dr. Kelly, that you don't have ?? that your employees 14 don't have any significant working exposure but maybe 15 other people do, but even if they do, you haven't heard 16 any complaints? 17 A. I didn't say maybe other people do; did I? 18 May I see that? 19 Q. No, you didn't, but isn't that the gist of 20 what you're saying? 21 A. I don't think it is at all. 22 Q. Well, I apologize for misstating it then. 23 What is the purpose of your statement about ?? Let me 24 get it and make sure I'm getting it right. I'm going to 25 have to keep doing it because I keep losing my exhibits. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13518 512 1 Why do you put the "However, we have never heard any 2 reports from our customers"? 3 A. Well, so what about "however"? We never 4 heard any reports from our customers, but that ?? I 5 don't say they don't have significant exposure. 6 Q. In any event, your employees didn't have 7 it? 8 A. Well, it depends what you mean by 9 significant and what I mean by significant. 10 Q. I'm?? 11 A. In the average ?? theirwork?a?day world, 12 work?a?day environment, they did not have significant 13 exposures, but in a chemical plant there are breakdowns 14 all the time. It occurs. That's all. 15 Q. Sure. The fact is, Monsanto plants, the 16 Aroclors and their components parts were all in a closed 17 system? Answer for me, please. 18 A. Yes, they were. 19 Q. And the Monsantoemployees wereprovided 20 with a clean change of clothing every day by Monsanto; 21 correct? 22 A. Some plants they did. I do not believe 23 they did all the time. 24 Q. Monsanto employees were provided with 25 rubber boots; were they not? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13519 513 1 A. I can't answer that. 2 Q. Okay. Would Mr. Papageorge be the better 3 person to talk about that? 4 A. I think so. 5 Q. He was a plant manager; wasn't he? 6 A. That's correct. 7 Q. Of a plant that manufactured Aroclors? 8 A. Beg your pardon? 9 Q. Of a plant that manufactured Aroclors? 10 A. That was one of the plants. 11 Q. Okay. I just want to clarify one thing on 12 the Treon studies, Dr. Kelly. Those actually weren't 13 six?month studies. They were four month; weren't they? 14 A. Which? Whose? 15 Q. The Treon studies. 120 days I believe is 16 the time limit on the longest exposures; correct? 17 A. Could be. 18 Q. Would four months be considered chronic 19 testing? 20 A. In those days it was, yes, sir. 21 Q. In that case it was, but in a normal case 22 it's not; is it? 23 A. What? 24 Q. A normal cases it's not; is it? 25 A. Well, I don't recall any reports of more Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3520 514 1 prolonged chronic testing by inhalation ?? 2 Q. You don't? 3 A. ?? than four months. 4 Q. Are you familiar with a study by Adams, 5 Spencer and Row, et al, regarding the vapor toxicity of 6 trichloroethylene in 1951 that ran from a low of 200 and 7 ?? 212 days to 243 days? 8 A. May I see it? 9 Q. I don't have the article. I'm just asking 10 if you're familiar with it. 11 A. No, I'm not familiar with it. 12 Q. There were two?year chronic toxicity tests 13 being done in the early '50's; weren't there? 14 A. Yes, sir. 15 Q. And they were being done on industrial 16 chemicals; weren't they? 17 A. On what? 18 Q. Industrial chemicals. 19 A. I don't recall very many. In fact, I don't 20 recall any of them. 21 Q. Well, let me ask you about some of these. 22 Ever heard of a four?year study being run on monkeys by 23 Smith, Sunderland and Sigera (phonetic) on the 24 carcinogenic activity of petroleum in 1951? 25 A. A four?year study on monkeys for testing Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3521 515 for cancer? Q. Yes, sir. A. I don't recall that. Q. And there was 1,069 ?? They were also doing a l,069?day study on rats, a 620?day study on guinea pigs. You're not familiar with any of that? 7 A. On what is the compound? 8 Q. Petroleum. 9 A. I'm sorry? 10 Q. Petroleum. 11 A. No, sir, I m not familiar with it. 12 Q. Familiar with a 1918 study by Yamigawa 13 (phonetic) and Ishigawa (phonetic) dealing with coal 14 tar, a 589?day study on rabbits? 15 A. No, sir. Was that the Japanese ?? 16 Q. Dr. Kelly, my guess is it was, but I can't 17 tell you that for sure. I know that it was in English 18 language. Are you familiar with an 18?month study on 19 mice done in 1950 by Woodhouse dealing with the 20 carcinogenic potency of mineral oils ?? I'm sorry ?? of 21 oil, petroleum products? 22 A. The last word I heard was mineral oil. 23 Q. I misspoke. It's oil, petroleum products. 24 A. No, sir, but those were ?? but that one 25 certainly was in response to the fact that they were Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3522 516 1 concerned about petroleum oils from a carcinogenic point 2 of view. 3 Q. I would suspect that they were, given the 4 name of the study. 5 A. Beg your pardon? 6 Q. I said I suspect they were, given the 7 nature of the study. The fact is that they were doing 8 these two?year chronic toxicity studies in the '50's; 9 weren't they? 10 A. The ones you've quoted, yes, they have. 11 Q. There was no reason why you couldn't have 12 run a two?year chronic toxicity study on PCBs; was 13 there? 14 A. Well, there was no reason for it also. 15 Here we had 40 ?? In the '50's, we had 20 years of 16 experience with no problems with our workers. We had a 17 handful of isolated reports by our customers. That was 18 all. Those ones that you quoted I'm sure ?? I know the 19 mineral oil ?? the petroleum one, there were a number of 20 suppositions that they were carcinogenic, but we had no 21 reason to run a two?year study. There are hundreds of 22 industrial chemicals, thousands of industrial chemicals, 23 and you're quoting a handful of two?year testing where 24 there was some positive reason for doing it. 25 Q. Well, let's talk about that then, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3523 517 1 Dr. Kelly. You had run various tests through the 2 1950's, all of which showed that PCBs were toxic and 3 were causing acute effects; correct? 4 A. The tests, yes. 5 Q. And you were receiving reports from 6 industry that there were workers that were suffering 7 acute effects from exposure to PCBs? 8 A. The amount of reports that I received of 9 acute exposures were probably three. 10 Q. Isn't it true, Dr. Kelly, that the reason 11 why people do chronic testing is because the acute 12 testing has shown positive results and they need to know 13 what might happen to a person working with this chemical 14 over their lifetime? 15 A. Yes, sir. 16 Q. You didn't think that that was necessary to 17 do in the '50's? 18 A. No, sir, I didnot. 19 Q. The ?? None of the tests that you 20 performed, either the Treon studies or the LD?50's or 21 any of the acute toxicity studies that you performed in 22 the '50's, were designed to look for cancer; were they? 23 A. Was what? 24 Q. None of those tests were designed to look 25 for cancer; were they? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3524 518 A. No, sir, they were not. Q. They were not designed to look for lifetime effects from working with this chemical; were they? A. Well, they were designed to find out what prolonged exposures would do. Q. Isn't it true, Dr. Kelly, that as late as 1970 Mr. Wheeler was writing memos saying that, "We don't know what the long?term effects of PCBs are on workers"? A. May I see the memorandum? Q. I'm asking you if you're aware of it. I don't have it in front of me, but I could get it for you. A. I may have seen it. I don't know. Q. the ' 70's? Are you aware of him ever saying that in A. I'm not aware of what he said in 1970. Q. Uh?huh. A. This is '94. Q. Do you believe that those four?month studies that Dr. Treon performed were enough to tell you what the lifetime effects of working with this chemical were? A. No, but clinical experience I had with our workers who worked 30 years with the material and Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3525 519 1 paucity of reports from our customers was enough to tell 2 me. 3 Q. The fact is, Dr. Kelly, you don't know what 4 was happening in the plants outside of Monsanto; do you? 5 A. I don't know what? 6 Q. You didn't know what was happening in the 7 plants outside of Monsanto; do you? 8 A. Yes, I do. 9 Q. Did you ever make inspections of customers' 10 plants ? 11 A. No. I'm not allowed to. But I've talked 12 to ?? 13 Q. Did you ever run any studies on any of the 14 employees of other people's plants? 15 A. No. But I've talked to the medical 16 directors of these organizations, and they didn't ?? 17 They told me they didn't have any problems. 18 Q. Do you know whether they ever ran any 19 studies on their employees? 20 A. I don't know, but they ?? 21 Q. Do you know whether or not they ever ran 22 any liver function tests on their employees? 23 A. I don't know, but that ?? 24 Q. Do you know whether or not they ever went 25 and looked at their employees to determine whether they Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3526 520 1 had chloracne? 2 A. I'm sure they did. 3 Q. Do you know, Dr. Kelly? 4 A. No, I don't know, but these were excellent 5 industrial physicians, and I know they looked at their 6 employees and they found out that there were no problems 7 in their employees. 8 Q. I want to go back, Dr. Kelly, to the 9 correspondence between yourself and what I call the 10 Europe people, the Monsanto plant in England, regarding 11 the Treon studies. 12 THE COURT: Counsel, what exhibit number? 13 MR. MURRAY: Exhibit 146, Your Honor. 14 Q. One thing I've never been accused of, 15 Dr. Kelly, is being organized. I apologize for this. I 16 want to direct your attention, doctor, to page two of 17 Mr. Barrett's letter to I believe it was Howard Nason; 18 is that correct? 19 A. Yes. (Inaudible.) There's a Howard Nason. 20 I just haven't seen the memorandum yet. 21 Q. I didn't know if I was pronouncing it 22 correctly. 23 A. Yes. This is a memorandum from Mr. Barrett 24 to Howard Nason. 25 Q. Does he in that letter talk about doing Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3527 521 1 additional testing? 2 A. Yes, sir. 3 Q. You wrote him a letter answering that; 4 didn't you? It starts with the next page. 5 A. Yes, sir. 6 Q. I want you to read the second?to?last 7 paragraph on that page, Dr. Kelly. 8 A. Where it says ?? 9 Q. "I don't know how..." 10 A. "I don't know how you would get any 11 particular advantage in doing more work. What is it 12 that you want to prove? I believe your work should be 13 directed towards finding out what the concentrations are 14 of Aroclor during different operations whether it's 15 industrial or painting. The reports you have seen from 16 Kettering Laboratory are the result of approximately 15 17 to $20,000 expenditures by Monsanto CC." That's 18 Monsanto in the United States. 19 Q. You were basically telling him, "No, we've 20 done all the testing we're going to do"? 21 A. I couldn't hear you. 22 Q. You were basically telling him, "No, we've 23 done all the testing that we need to do"? 24 A. Well, we had ?? This has to be ?? There's 25 several other memoranda on this particular topic. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3528 522 1 Q. I understand. I'm going to get to those. 2 Read the next paragraph, please. 3 A. MCC's ?? 4 Q. That's Monsanto in the United States; 5 correct? 6 A. That's United States. "...can be 7 summarized in this fashion. We know that Aroclors are 8 toxic, but the actual limit has not been precisely 9 defined." 10 Q. I'm sorry. 11 A. You want to keep going? 12 Q. No. I want you to read that over because I 13 didn't catch it. Read that last sentence over again, 14 please. 15 A. "We know that Aroclors are toxic, but the 16 actual limit has not been precisely defined." 17 Q. Go ahead. 18 A. So what? 19 Q. Go ahead.Continue, please. 20 A. "It does not make too much difference, it 21 seems to me, because our main worry is what will happen 22 if an individual develops any type of liver disease that 23 gives a history of Aroclor exposure. I am sure the 24 juries would not pay a great deal of attention to 25 MAC's." Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3529 523 1 Q. Correct me if I'm wrong, Dr. Kelly, but 2 aren't you saying in that paragraph that it really 3 doesn't matter what the MAC'S are because the juries 4 aren't going to pay attention to that either? 5 A. No, I'm not saying that. 6 Q. What ?? Tell me what you are saying. 7 A. I'm saying that we know the Aroclors are 8 toxic. We have a safe limit, and that was talked about 9 in the memorandum that preceded this, I believe. You 10 were handing me this particular memorandum by itself, 11 and if you notice in the correspondence, he wanted to 12 find out what the actual toxic level was, what it took 13 to kill the animals. Well, I said we were more 14 interested in finding out what the safe level is for the 15 animals so we could direct our efforts towards that 16 particular concentration, and I'm also saying that if we 17 had a person develop liver disease who was exposed to 18 Aroclor ?? Well, I'm getting out of my realm when I talk 19 about juries. I'm sure the jurors would not pay a great 20 deal of attention to MAC'S because people would say, 21 "How do you know that the MAC was the same?" You take 22 it every day of the week. 23 Q. I'm sorry, Dr. Kelly. You and I must be 24 reading this differently. 25 A. Well, I'm reading what it says. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3530 524 1 Q. Was this memo from Mr. Barrett in Europe 2 concerned that the Treon studies never found a no?effect 3 level for 1254? 4 MS. RUTTER: Objection as to relevance 5 (inaudible). 6 THE COURT: Overruled. 7 A. What was the objection? 8 Q. You don't have to worry about the 9 objection. It was overruled. I'm asking you a 10 question. 11 A. Okay. Fine. What's the question? 12 Q. The question is wasn't Mr. Barrett 13 expressing his concern that the Treon studies never 14 found a no?effect level for exposure to 1254? 15 A. Whether he did or not, he was wrong. 16 Q. You're saying that the Treon study did find 17 a no?effect level? 18 A. For 1254? 19 Q. Yes, sir. 20 A. Yes, sir. 21 Q. Dr. Treon ran two studies on 1254, right, 22 one of them being at a high level for a short period of 23 time and one of them being at a low level for a longer 24 period of time; correct? 25 A. Well, I'd have to see that report. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3531 525 1 Q. There you go. 2 A. What Treon found in 1254, that when you 3 used (1.5) milligram per cubic meter, you didn't show 4 any harmful effects, except in the case of Guinea pigs, 5 or of mortality, but histopathology, that's a 6 microscopic study, showed evidence of apparently 7 reversible hepatic cellular injury in the animals. 8 These findings cannot certainly be attributed to the 9 effects of Aroclor 1254 because of the appreciable 10 incidence of pneumonia among both experimental and 11 control animals. When these nonspecific toxic changes 12 in the viscera of the animals were associated with 13 pneumonia, they are readily explained, therefore. They 14 are also found in the animals that are exposed to vapors 15 1254 and were free of pneumonia. That these may have 16 represented toxic effects of exposure to Aroclor 1254 17 finds support in the fact the livers of the exposed rats 18 had 5.4 milligrams per cubic meter, were significantly 19 heavier in relation to the control rats. 20 Q. Isn't it true, doctor, that at the level of 21 1.5 milligrams per cubic meter he was finding liver 22 problems ? 23 A. Well, he was finding a reversible type of 24 liver ?? microscopic findings. Which the liver is an 25 organ that is regenerating itself all the time. If a Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3532 526 1 person would take a considerable amount of alcohol, 2 would get some liver problems, that would show up in 3 cellular changes. At the same time, these changes would 4 be healing. They would be reversible when you stopped 5 taking the alcohol. And I think that's what he's 6 explaining here. 7 Q. Is that liver problems? 8 A. Well, I guess you could consider it a liver 9 problem. 10 Q. He considered it liver problems; didn't he? 11 A. Beg your pardon? 12 Q. He considered to it be liver problems; 13 didn't he? 14 A. Well, I don't know whether he did or not 15 because ?? 16 Q. The fact is, Dr. Kelly ?? 17 MS. RUTTER: Objection. The witness is in 18 the middle of a sentence. 19 Q. I apologize. Go ahead. 20 THE COURT: Dr. Kelly, have you finished 21 your answer yet? 22 THE WITNESS: No, sir. 23 THE COURT: Why don't you finish your 24 answer? 25 A. Because he stated that 1.5 and one was Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3533 1 safe. 527 2 Q. Where does he say that in there? 3 A. He didn't say it in this, but he said it ?? 4 Gosh, I don't know where he said it, but the information 5 that he gave to the government industrial hygiene group 6 accepted that particular statement, and then they halved 7 it to .5. 8 Q. Is there anything in that article that says 9 1.5 milligrams per cubic meter is a safe level? 10 A. No. He doesn't ?? 11 Q. And, in fact, it's not a no?effect level 12 either; is it? 13 A. Well, he really doesn't say yes or no on 14 that. 15 Q. Doctor, you don't need him to say yes or 16 no; do you? You can see there were effects at 1.5 17 milligrams; can't you? 18 A. There were reversible changes that were 19 (accompanied) by pneumonia in the animals. Some of the 20 animals did have changes without the pneumonia. But, 21 regardless, he still suggested that the threshold limit 22 of one milligram per cubic meter recommended tentatively 23 for safe industrial practice by the American Conference 24 of Governmental Industrial Hygienists is reasonable. 25 That's what we went on. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3534 528 1 THE COURT: Doctor, I've given you a great 2 deal of latitude to try to answer as fully as you can, 3 and in order to move this along I'm going to ask that 4 you be as precise and as concise as you possibly can 5 when answering the questions. So if you could answer 6 the question as precisely and concisely as you can, I 7 would certainly appreciate that. 8 THE WITNESS: I'll try to do that, Your 9 Honor. 10 THE COURT: Okay, counsel. Let's go. 11 Q. Dr. Kelly, in establishing TLV, isn't it 12 true that you first have to establish a no?effect level? 13 A. I do not know that. 14 Q. All right. 15 A. A person establishes a TLV on two ?? on two 16 supports: one is the animal work and the other is the 17 human experience. 18 Q. If you have animal work showing that there 19 is liver damage, reversible or otherwise, at 1.5 20 milligrams per cubic meter, that's got to tell you that 21 that's not a safe level; doesn't it? 22 A. Well, you'd have to ask the people who 23 established the safe levels. That's the government 24 industrial hygienists, and they considered that a safe 25 level. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3535 529 1 Q. Doesn't Mr. Barrett in his September 8th, 2 1950 letter indicate that because a safety factor of ten 3 has to be used Aroclor 1254 should not be used where 4 atmospheres containing a quantity something less than 5 .15 milligrams results? Isn't that what he said right 6 here in the third paragraph of the first page? 7 A. Yes. 8 THE WITNESS: Your Honor, could I explain 9 what this government industrial hygiene group is? 10 THE COURT: Just answer the questions 11 (inaudible). 12 Q. I understand, and we'll get to that, 13 Dr. Kelly. Please understand I'm not trying to take 14 anything out of context. But the fact is that 15 Mr. Barrett, who is a man over there in Monsanto in 16 England; right? 17 A. Yes. Not associated the medical department 18 and not associated with toxicology. He's a research 19 man. 20 Q. He says that the normal procedure is to 21 find the no?effect level and then take a safety factor 22 of ten? 23 A. It may be in England, but it was not in the 24 United States. 25 Q. And what he's saying in here, because of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3536 530 1 the fact that there were effects at 1.5 milligrams, you 2 need to do further testing to get to find out what the 3 no?effect level is? Isn't that what he's saying in this 4 letter? 5 A. He is saying that ?? He says two things in 6 there. One, he said there was some toxicity, toxicity 7 was demonstrated with a range of animals at a level 1.5 8 milligrams per cubic meter. He does not say when he 9 talks about ?? He doesn't say, "We need more testing." 10 He said, "We are giving consideration to getting more 11 toxicological data." 12 Q. How do you get more toxicological data if 13 you don't do tests? 14 A. Sure, that's true, but we've got Barrett on 15 one side, we've got the A.C.G.I.H. on the other. The 16 A.C.G.I.H. is certainly a more knowledgeable body than 17 Barrett is. If I were to vote for one, I would take 18 A.C.G.I.H. 19 Q. Just so the jury will understand, 20 Dr. Kelly, you're not implying the A.C.G.I.H. was 21 involved in this debate; are you? 22 A. That what? 23 Q. That the A.C.G.I.H. was involved in this 24 debate? 25 A. I don't think it ever reached the point of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3537 1 a debate. 531 2 Q. The fact is, what happened, you sent them 3 the Treon studies and they cut the limits even further; 4 didn't they? 5 A. They what? 6 Q. They cut the limits from onemilligram to 7 .5 milligrams; didn't they? 8 A. Yes, sir. 9 Q. They didn'tbelieve 1.5milligrams was a 10 safe level either; did they? 11 A. They believed that .5 was. 12 Q. How much did it cost, Dr. Kelly, to run 13 LD?50's in 1954? And I direct your attention to 14 Plaintiff's Exhibit ?? I can't read the number, judge. 15 We're trying to find the number. 86. 16 THE COURT: Counsel, I believe you're 17 looking for Plaintiff's Exhibit 86. 18 MR. MURRAY: Yes, sir. Here it is. 19 Q. I direct your attention to Plaintiff's 20 Exhibit 86. Do you recognize that document? 21 A. What was your question? 22 Q. My original question had to do with the 23 costs of LD?50's in 1954. 24 A. Probably around $100. 25 Q. And what was the cost of two?year chronic Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3538 1 toxicity testing in 1954? 532 2 A. Probably 30,000, $40,000. 3 Q. You were in charge of labeling at Monsanto; 4 were you not, Dr. Kelly? 5 A. No, I was not. 6 Q. All right. Let me ?? 7 A. I was in charge ?? 8 Q. Let me phrase it correctly. You were in 9 charge of determining the toxicity data that goes onto 10 Monsanto's labels; correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. And you were also in charge of the toxicity 13 data that went into the bulletins and pamphlets and 14 things of that nature which went out to customers? 15 A. Yes, sir. 16 Q. You were pretty consistent in your language 17 in all of those documents; weren't you? 18 A. Yes, sir. I hope so. 19 Q. All right. Tell the jury what you told 20 people about skin contact. 21 A. Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact. 22 Q. And what did you tell them about inhalation 23 of vapors? 24 A. Do not inhale the fumes atelevated 25 temperatures or in confined spaces. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3539 533 1 Q. What does prolonged and repeated mean? 2 A. Well, there are no precise limits to 3 prolonged. 4 Q. You said at one point in this case that it 5 meant more than once; didn't you? 6 A. I could not hear you. 7 Q. You said in one of your depositions in this 8 case that it meant more than once; didn't it? 9 A. Not prolonged. That was repeated. 10 Q. Well, don't your labels say prolonged and 11 repeated? 12 A. Beg your pardon? 13 Q. Don't your warnings say prolonged and 14 repeated? 15 A. Yes, sir. But you said did I mean by 16 prolonged more than once, and I said no. In my 17 deposition I said repeated means more than once. 18 Q. So they shouldn't have skin contact more 19 than once. What does the prolonged mean? For how long 20 a period of time are they allowed to have skin contact 21 that one time? 22 A. That was not established. 23 Q. And that's what you were intending to tell 24 your customers by the toxicity data that you sent to 25 them, "Don't allow skin contact more than once, but Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3540 534 1 we're not sure for how long a period of time"? 2 A. No, that isn't what I meant at all. 3 Q. Tell me what you meant. 4 A. That the average worker knows when he has 5 repeated skin contact. I think the average worker knows 6 what prolonged is, and he isn't supposed to put his 7 hands in it and leave it in there for a half a day. 8 Q. So you were leaving it up to the average 9 worker to determine the length of time that they should 10 have their hands in the stuff? 11 A. Well, I think the average worker certainly 12 has the intelligence to carry out avoiding skin contact, 13 A, either repeated or prolonged, and that warning was 14 quite effective because we did not have problems. 15 Q. That you were aware of? 16 A. That anybody was aware of as far as I know 17 Q. Are PCBs biodegradable? 18 A. Is PCB biodegradable? 19 Q. Yes (nodded). 20 A. It is in a fashion. It's ?? In recent 21 years, it has been found that it can be broken down by 22 certain organisms. Previously it was believed not to be 23 biodegradable. 24 Q. Fact is, during all the time that Monsanto 25 was manufacturing PCBs during your tenure there from Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3541 535 1 1938 until 1974, you were under ?? you were presuming 2 that they were nonbiodegradable; were you not? 3 A. I was what? 4 Q. You presumed they were nonbiodegradable? 5 A. Yes, sir, I did, but ?? 6 Q. And you knew, did you not, doctor, that 7 they were being discharged into bodies of water, rivers, 8 lakes, things of that nature? 9 MS. RUTTER: I would object on grounds ?? 10 THE COURT: Sustained. 11 MR. MURRAY: Can we approach the bench, 12 Your Honor? 13 THE COURT: Yes, you may. 14 (Bench conference.) 15 Q. You mentioned earlier in your testimony, 16 Dr. Kelly ?? 17 A. Beg your pardon. I cannot hear your 18 question. 19 Q. I'm getting to it. You mentioned earlier 20 in your testimony that you believed the levels 21 established by Treon for the MAC'S or TLV's were safe 22 levels; correct? 23 A. Yes. 24 Q. That opinion didn't change despite the fact 25 Meigs found exposures at .1 milligrams? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3542 536 1 A. No, sir, because I equated Meigs's 2 findings with the experience (inaudible) enormously more 3 usage who were working at the 5.5 and had no problems. 4 Q. And it didn't change despite the Navy test 5 that you were told about? 6 A. First of all, no, because the Navy test was 7 a test of less than 25 percent PCBs and the rest was 8 something else. 9 Q. Would you admit, Dr. Kelly, that at least 10 you were getting some conflicting readings here? 11 A. No, sir. I don't think they were 12 conflicting. 13 Q. So I guess you didn't ever recommend that 14 we retest this thing to determine what the no?effect 15 level was? 16 A. We had tested it to find out a no?effect 17 level. 18 Q. When was that? 19 A. The Treon study showed a no?effect level. 20 Q. Of what? 21 A. For PCBs. 22 Q. Of what? 23 A. Of 1254, 1242. 24 Q. We're not back at the 1.5 milligrams; are 25 we? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3543 537 1 A. No, but it was ?? They used that ?? The 2 government group used Treon's work in association with 3 the clinical experience with hundreds of millions of 4 pounds. 5 Q. I hear you, Dr. Kelly, but you're not 6 answering my question. My question was you never had 7 any tests that showed a no?effect level; did you? 8 A. Of what? 9 Q. Of PCBs, 1254 . 10 A. Frankly, I'm not sure. 11 Q. Was there anything besides Treon? Let's 12 don't rehash Treon. Was there anything else that showed 13 any kind of no?effect level? 14 A. At what particular period of time? 15 Q. I'm talking in the '50's, '57 when you 16 found out from the Navy about their test, when all of 17 this was occurring. 18 A. Well, the Navy test was not ?? 19 Q. It's a simple question, doctor. I don't 20 mean to cut you off, and I'll allow you to explain any 21 answer you give, but I'd just like an answer to the 22 question. 23 A. What is the question? 24 Q. The question was did you ever have any 25 tests which showed a no?effect level in the '50's or Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3544 1 before? 538 2 A. I can't recall that. 3 Q. Did you ever recommend that Monsanto run 4 liver function tests on a periodic basis on their 5 employees? 6 A. No, sir, I did not. 7 Q. Did you ever recommend to A.C.G.I.H., the 8 American Council of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, 9 who set these standards, that they needed to reconsider 10 their MAC'S because they might be too high? 11 A. I did not because I did not believe it was 12 too high. 13 Q. Did you ever warn any customers that the 14 MAC'S that had been established by the A.C.G.I.H. might 15 be too high and we might need to reconsider them? 16 A. No, sir. I saw no reason for it because it 17 wasn't. 18 Q. Did you ever recommend that Monsanto run 19 some two?year chronicity studies to determine whether or 20 not this stuff might be causing long?term effects in the 21 workers? 22 A. No, sir, because ?? 23 Q. Did you ever recommend that Monsanto ?? 24 MS. RUTTER: Objection. You cut him off in 25 mid sentence. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3545 539 1 THE COURT: I think he answered the 2 question. If you want him to explain it, counsel, have 3 him to explain it on cross?examination. Let's continue. 4 Q. Did you ever recommend that Monsanto or any 5 of its customers run any epidemiological studies on 6 humans to determine if this stuff might be affecting 7 them? 8 A. No, sir. 9 Q. Did you ever rewrite any of your warnings 10 to customers telling them that despite what the MAC'S 11 that you've been telling them were they might be wrong 12 and that they might need to be reconsidered? 13 A. No, because I did not believe that they 14 were wrong. 15 Q. Dr. Kelly, did you ever consider the fact 16 thatbecause you were dealing with human life that you 17 might need to err on the safe side rather than the high 18 side? 19 MS. RUTTER: Objection, argumentative. 20 THE COURT: Be overruled. 21 A. Do I answer? 22 Q. Yes, sir. 23 A. Certainly I consideredthat. And I also, 24 however, had the experience of ourownworkers and the 25 experience of the customers' workers, and with the Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3546 540 1 exception of a handful of isolated reports, there were 2 no evidences of illness in the workers, and that is not 3 only my opinion, that's the opinion of Kimbrough, 4 Dr. Kimbrough, of the Public Health ?? 5 Q. Doctor, let's not get into other people's 6 opinions. I'm going to have enough trouble with yours. 7 A. I can't hear you. 8 Q. Is it true that everytime there was a 9 question as to whether to use a higher TLV or a lower 10 TLV that Monsanto chose and argued for the higher TLV? 11 A. Yes, because they were right. 12 MR. MURRAY: Thank you. That's all I have. 13 THE COURT: Miss Rutter, you may proceed. 14 CROSS?EXAMINATION 15 QUESTIONS BY MS. RUTTER: 16 Q. Dr. Kelly, what is the A.C.G.I.H.? 17 A. Beg your pardon? 18 Q. What is the A.C.G.I.H.? 19 A. The A.C.G.I.H. is a group of industrial 20 hygienists that work for either the federal, the state 21 or the city industrial hygiene departments, along with 22 people from universities and academic institutions. No 23 industrial ?? No company or industrial hygienists are 24 allowed to belong. 25 Q. When was the A.C.G.I.H. set up in the Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3547 1 United States? 541 2 A. In 1938 or '39. 3 Q. What was the purpose of the A.C.G.I.H.? 4 A. To establish safe working levels for 5 industry. 6 Q. Now, in the 1950's, in relation to this 7 correspondence between Mr. Barrett and Mr. Hardy at 8 Monsanto London, did England have a comparable group to 9 the A.C.G.I.H.? 10 A. It is my impression they did not. 11 Q. In what journal was the Meigs article 12 published in 1954? 13 A. "Journal of the American Medical 14 Association". 15 Q. Sometimes known as JAMA? 16 A. JAMA. 17 Q. Is that a peer?reviewed journal? 18 A. Yes . 19 Q. Is that a journal that is readily available 20 in medical libraries throughout the United States? 21 A. Oh, yes. Almost every physician got one. 22 Q. Is that a journal that is typically read by 23 industrial hygienists? 24 A. I can't answer that. 25 Q. When you talked to the United States Navy, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3548 542 1 who were considering using Pydraul 150 in submarines in 2 1957, and you talked about the testing that they had 3 done for which no reports were available ?? 4 MR. MURRAY: I object to the form of the 5 question, Your Honor. He never testified there were no 6 reports available. He only testified that he didn't get 7 them. 8 THE COURT: All right. Ladies and 9 gentlemen of the jury will remember the testimony. 10 Let's proceed. This is cross?examination. 11 Q. Did the Navy test pure PCBs in 1957, 12 Kelly? 13 A. Not to my knowledge. Pure PCB' S? 14 Q. Yes . 15 A. No, not to my knowledge. 16 Q. Dr. Kelly, you talked about the difference 17 between chlorinated diphenyl and chlorinated 18 diphenylbenzene. 19 A. There were some mix?ups in the Drinker 20 work. 21 Q. What is chlorinated diphenyl? 22 A. Chlorinated diphenyl is you take two phenyl 23 ?? phenol radicals and hook them together, two phenyl 24 radicals and chlorinate them. That's chlorinated 25 diphenyl. Chlorinated ?? Then they've got a bunch of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3549 543 1 hydrocarbons, chlorines on the outside of these 2 molecules. Chlorinated diphenylbenzene has a third 3 benzene molecule on it, so you've got one here, one here 4 and one over here. So it's a different ?? completely 5 different structure. 6 Q. Is chlorinated diphenyl a PCB? 7 A. Yes. 8 Q. And is chlorinated diphenylbenzene a PCB? 9 A. No, because it's not diphenyl. It's got 10 three phenyl rings. 11 Q. So ?? 12 A. It's not a PCB. 13 Q. And so the Halowax product that was 14 manufactured by a company other than Monsanto contained 15 chlorinated naphthalene and what? 16 A. I can't hear you, Carol. 17 Q. Halowax contained chlorinated naphthalene 18 and sometimes another product. What was that other 19 product? 20 A. Chlorinated diphenylbenzene. 21 Q. Dr. Kelly, I'm going to hand you 22 Plaintiff's Exhibit P?102. Dr. Kelly, there's been 23 discussion about deaths due to chlorinated naphthalenes 24 and related compounds. Could you please look at this 25 Greenberg article, Exhibit 102? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3550 544 1 A. Yes. I have it. 2 Q. What is the date of the Greenberg article? 3 A. February 1939 to the best ?? as well as I 4 could see it. 5 Q. Could you please turn to page 31 of that 6 article? The number on the bottom is 097336. 7 A. Yes. I have it. 8 Q. And in the second column, about here on the 9 piece of paper, could you read to the jury the sentence 10 about the cause of three fatal deaths as reported? 11 A. "In 1938, three fatal cases of jaundice in 12 chlorinated naphthalene workers were recognized in this 13 country." 14 THE COURT: Is that '38 or '36, counsel? 15 MS. RUTTER: '36. 16 A. They were reported by Flinn and Drinker, 17 who summarized the cases briefly. 18 Q. Could you now please turn to page 32 of the 19 Greenberg article, Dr. Kelly? 20 A. Yes. 21 Q. On page 32, can you find this place right 22 here where ?? Do they report three additional worker 23 deaths ? 24 A. Yes. 25 Q. In wire and cable plants in addition to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3551 545 1 those reported by Flinn and Drinker? 2 A. Yes. 3 Q. I'd like to go through with the jury the 4 cause of these three additional deaths that are reported 5 in the Greenberg article. Case one, the fourth 6 additional death, is discussed on page 32, the same page 7 that we're on in the second column. Could you please 8 find the portion in the second column where it says, "In 9 any event, in the soldering of the condensers, she," 10 meaning case number one, "was exposed to the fumes of 11 tetrachlornaphthalene with which the condensers were 12 originally impregnated. At the same time she was 13 exposed to fumes of the higher chlorinated naphthalenes 14 from the sealing operations conducted in close proximity 15 to the tables at which the soldering was done." 16 A. Yes, you read that correctly. 17 Q. So this fourth case in the Greenberg 18 article is attributed to chlorinated naphthalene; is 19 that correct? 20 A. That's true. 21 Q. Let's turn to page 35 of the Greenberg 22 article. It reports case number two in Greenberg, which 23 is the fifth worker death reported in the cable and wire 24 industry. Do you see on page 35 where it begins the 25 discussion of case number two? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3552 1 A. Yes, I do. 546 2 Q. That's the fifth death in the cable and 3 wire industry? 4 A. Yes. 5 Q. It says he had worked in a wire factory 6 coating wire with wax, and then it has a footnote; does 7 it not? 8 A. "The waxes employed in this process are the 9 a higher chlorinated naphthalenes. These are used in a 10 molten bath ?? molten state in a bath through which the 11 wire to be is passed. The process is partially but not 12 entirely enclosed. Exhaust ventilation is in use." 13 Q. So this article is saying that the second 14 case reported in Greenberg and the fifth worker death 15 was caused by working with the higher chlorinated 16 naphthalenes; is that correct? 17 A. Yes. Yes, it is. 18 Q. And then let's turn to page 36, the next 19 page of the Greenberg article, where it discusses case 20 three, the worker death in the wire and cable factory, 21 actually worker death six since they were talking about 22 the deaths previously reported by Drinker and Flinn. 23 And about case three it says, "He was working in the 24 same wire coating plant as the previous patient." 25 A. That's correct. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3553 547 1 Q. And that's the patient who was working with 2 the higher chlorinated naphthalenes; is that correct? 3 A. That's correct. 4 Q. Dr. Kelly, while you were Monsanto's 5 medical director, did you read the published articles in 6 the literature that discussed chlorinated naphthalene? 7 A. I read some of the recent ones. When I say 8 "recent," recent to following 1938. Chlorinated 9 naphthalene literature went back to the 1900's. 10 Q. Was there any confusion in theliterature 11 about chlorinated naphthalenes and chlorinated diphenyls 12 or PCBs? 13 A. Yes. Quite a bit. 14 Q. And what was the source ofthat confusion? 15 A. It was the Halowax people who stated that 16 they sent Drinker a sample of Monsanto chlorinated 17 diphenyl. Unfortunately, they didn't, because when we 18 had Drinker recheck ?? retest the material, we sent him 19 some honest?to?goodness chlorinated diphenyl and some 20 honest?to?goodness chlorinated diphenylbenzene and he 21 found that the chlorinated diphenyl by itself was 22 considerably, by one magnitude, less toxic than what he 23 had reported. 24 Q. So there was confusion created in the 25 literature about the similarity of the two chemical Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3554 548 1 names, chlorinated diphenyl and chlorinated 2 diphenylbenzene, when, in fact, they were two entirely 3 different products? 4 A. That's correct. 5 Q. And so none of these six deaths reported by 6 Dr. Drinker and Dr. Flinn and discussed in this 7 Greenberg article were caused by PCBs; is that correct? 8 A. That's what they say, yes. 9 Q. Dr. Kelly, will you be 85 years old in 10 November? 11 A. Yes, I will. 12 Q. You live in the city of St. Louis on South 13 Skinker? 14 A. That's correct. 15 Q. How long have you lived in St. Louis? 16 A. All my life with the exception of four 17 years in the service. 18 Q. For what period of time were you in the 19 service? 20 A. Four years roughly. 21 Q. You were in the Army Medical Corps? 22 A. Yes . 23 Q. You received an honorable discharge as a 24 lieutenant colonel? 25 A. Yes . Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3555 549 1 Q. You never worked for Swann Chemical 2 Company; did you? 3 A. No. 4 Q. Now, for the first couple of years with 5 Monsanto, you were the plant doctor for the Queeny Plant 6 here in the city of St. Louis? 7 A. Correct. 8 Q. And you effectively served as Monsanto's 9 medical director from about January of 1938 until you 10 went off to serve in the war in 1942, although you 11 didn't have the title yet; is that correct? 12 A. I was sort of a medical director without 13 portfolio, in other words. 14 Q. By "without portfolio," you mean without 15 the title? 16 A. Yes, that's correct. 17 Q. Management asked you to assume certain 18 responsibilities, but you just didn't have the title 19 yet? 20 A. Correct. 21 Q. Then you came back from the war and you set 22 up a full?blown medical department with you as the 23 director in 1946? 24 A. Yes. It was an evolutionarything. I 25 didn't set it up the day I came back or anything like Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3556 550 1 that. It took a couple of years to get it growing. 2 Q. Are you board certified in any specialties, 3 Dr. Kelly? 4 A. Yes. In internal medicine and occupational 5 medicine. 6 Q. And you did your internship and your 7 residency here in St. Louis? 8 A. That's correct? 9 Q. What is internal medicine? 10 A. Internal medicine is that part of medicine 11 that treats illnesses of a nonsurgical nature, such as 12 heart disease, tuberculosis, diabetes, et cetera. 13 Q. So an internist would diagnose a heart 14 problem but not operate on it? 15 A. That's correct. 16 Q. Okay. What is occupationalmedicine? 17 A. It's that medicine that relates to the 18 interface of a worker with his environment. It's both 19 preventive and therapeutic. In other words, if a man 20 breaks an arm (inaudible). In the sense of doing 21 occupational medicine, the doctor that examines the 22 individual to see whether or not he's in a healthy 23 situation or is he having residue from exposure to 24 chemicals is also doing occupational medicine. The big 25 part of occupational medicine is preventive. You try to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3557 1 keep those things from happening. 551 2 Q. Dr. Kelly, in earlier portions of your 3 career you have been on the staff of the St. Louis 4 University Group of Hospitals here in St. Louis, 5 including St. John's Mercy Medical Center; is that 6 correct? 7 A. Yes. Well, I'm still on, but I'm an 8 emeritus, which is sort of a retread. 9 Q. Okay. And you've been an assistant 10 clinical professor of internal medicine and assistant 11 professor of community medicine at St. Louis University? 12 A. Yes. 13 Q. And you've published articles in the 14 medical literature? 15 A. Yes. 16 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you briefly describe for 17 the jury, please, the development of the staffing of 18 Monsanto's medical department during the course of your 19 employment? 20 A. Yes. When I started with Monsanto, it was 21 myself and a secretary, and after a short time I went 22 around to all the plants and saw what was going on and I 23 realized I needed an industrial hygienist. Well, there 24 were very few industrial hygienists back in 1937. We 25 did get one, Elmer Wheeler, and his job was to analyze Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3558 552 1 the work environment to see whether or not the lighting 2 was correct, whether there was noise exposures, whether 3 or not there was fume exposures, whether there were skin 4 exposures. That was his job. He went around to the 5 various plants to do that. 6 Q. About when did you hire Mr. Wheeler? 7 A. I think about '37 to '38. I'm not sure. 8 It was around then. 9 Q. And you had other industrial hygienists in 10 Monsanto? 11 A. By the time I left I had four. 12 Q. By the time you left in 1974, you had four? 13 A. We had four industrial hygienists. But 14 then we ?? When we were doing the toxicological work, I 15 was supervising that, but then it just got ?? the 16 company started growing, and we just needed more help in 17 the toxicological field, so we engaged a man from one of 18 the pharmaceutical companies, a Ph.D., Dr. Hunt, who was 19 our first toxicologist. When I left, we had I think 20 four toxicologists also. 21 Q. And commencing in about 1956, you had an 22 assistant medical director? 23 A. Yes. 24 Q. Dr. Johnson? 25 A. Yes. Johnson came in. During the period Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3559 553 1 before that, I had a professor at Washington U that came 2 in three afternoons a week as an associate medical 3 director. It was a Dr. John Saunders, who eventually 4 went on to be medical director of Mobil Oil. And we had 5 a Dr. Mesera, who was on the staff of St. Mary's, 6 M?E?S?E?R?A, who was with us until he died as a 7 part?time. He looked after the clinical aspects pretty 8 much of the medical department. 9 THE COURT: Doctor, you have to keep your 10 voice up a little bit. You're starting to kind of 11 (inaudible) a little bit. 12 THE WITNESS: Thank you, Your Honor. 13 Q. Dr. Kelly, how many chemical companies in 14 the 1950's and 1960's had their own in?house 15 laboratories for conducting toxicological testing? 16 A. Very few. DuPont had one. 17 Q. That's the Haskell Lab? 18 A. The Haskell Laboratories. Union Carbide 19 used Mellon Institute, which was in Pittsburgh. Whether 20 that would be considered a in?house or not, I don't 21 believe so because they did work for other people. 22 Q. So you're saying Union Carbide used a tox 23 lab known as Mellon, but you're not sure ?? 24 A. Yes. 25 Q. ?? whether that was affiliated with Union Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3560 1 Carbide in some way? 554 2 A. That's right. Dow had their own. I could 3 tell you ones that didn't have it outside of Monsanto. 4 Q. Please do. 5 A. Olin didn't have one. American Cyanamide 6 did not have it. Baker did not have one. National ?? 7 NALCO or something like that. I'm sorry. My voice is 8 wearing out. 9 Q. Do you need a glass of water? 10 A. No. I have it there. That was a rarity in 11 those days for a company to have their in?house 12 laboratory. 13 Q. Why did Monsanto not have an in?house 14 laboratory during the time that you were medical 15 director? 16 A. Well, to have a laboratory, you've got to 17 have it staffed with all sorts of people. You have to 18 have a physiologist, a pharmacologist, a biochemist, a 19 pathologist, probably a couple of other people which 20 don't come to mind right now. But you have to have 21 enough products coming through to keep these people 22 busy. And that's what we found. We found we did not 23 have enough products to keep a toxicological laboratory 24 going. We had cases where there were just pulmonary 25 problems. We had that done at Cyranac (phonetic) Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3561 555 1 Laboratory where they specialized in pulmonary problems. 2 We used the Kettering Laboratory at the University of 3 Cincinnati. We used Hazelton Laboratory in Washington, 4 D.C. All recognized laboratories that even people who 5 had their own laboratory used them. DuPont used 6 Bio?Test. That's one we used. DuPont used that. They 7 used Hazelton Laboratories. They used outside 8 laboratories also. 9 Q. Now, Dr. Drinker was with what institution? 10 A. Harvard University School of Public Health. 11 Q. What was his reputation in the community 12 when the Drinker studies were done back in the 1930's? 13 A. I think it was top drawer. In those days, 14 there weren't too many academic institutions. Harvard 15 was one. University of Cincinnati was one. I don't 16 think there were many others. 17 Q. And Drinker ?? Dr. Drinker did toxicity 18 testing on Aroclor 1268 for Monsanto and gave you a 19 report on that; did he not? 20 A. That's correct. 21 Q. With what laboratory was Dr. Treon 22 affiliated? 23 A. He was with the Kettering Laboratory, which 24 was named after the man who discovered tetra 25 (inaudible), and it was at the University of Cincinnati. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3562 556 1 Q. What was Dr. Treon's reputation? 2 A. Very good. He was a Ph.D. that was 3 accepted as an excellent experimentalist. 4 Q. Dr. Kelly, have you ever known a Dr. von 5 Oettingen? 6 A. Yes, I did. 7 Q. Who was Dr. von Oettingen? 8 A. He was a man who had been in toxicology all 9 his life. I don't know if he was born in Germany or 10 not, but he was a pretty German individual. He worked 11 at the Haskell Laboratories. He was in charge of the 12 Haskell Laboratories. I don't know what he was before 13 that. I think he died sometime in the '40's, I believe. 14 Q. You and Dr. von Oettingen once attended 15 together a professional meeting or seminars where the 16 health effects of chlorinated naphthalenes and other 17 chlorinated hydrocarbons were discussed? 18 A. Yes. 19 Q. That was Dr. 's seminar at the Harvard 20 School of Public Health in 1937? 21 A. That's correct. 22 Q. Dr. Kelly, I'd like you, please, to look at 23 Exhibit M?380, which I believe should be the first 24 exhibit in your notebook. 25 A. M?3 8 0 ? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3563 1 Q. Yes . 557 2 A. Yes . 3 Q. Could you please read the title of that 4 document to the jury? 5 A. "The Toxicity and Potential Dangers of 6 Inerteen, Submitted by W. F. von Oettingen, M.D., Ph.D., 7 Director Haskell Laboratories." 8 Q. So this is the Dr. von Oettingen who 9 attended Dr. Cecil Drinker's symposium with you in 1937? 10 A. Yes . 11 Q. And he was the director of Haskell 12 Laboratory? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. And could you please read the file stamp 15 copy on this cover page of the von Oettingen report? 16 A. Which? 17 Q. The file stamp copy. 18 A. Oh, that says, "Westinghouse Electric and 19 Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Industrial 20 Hygiene Laboratory File Copy." 21 Q. And this von Oettingen report bears the 22 date 1938; is that correct? It's Exhibit M?380, 23 Mr. Murray. Dr. Kelly, I believe the date is on the 24 last ?? very last page of the report. 25 A. Yes. March 28, 1938. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3564 558 1 Q. And according to the cover page of Exhibit 2 M?380, this was Westinghouse's file copy of the von 3 Oettingen report prepared in 1938; is that correct? 4 A. That's correct. 5 Q. Now, the title of the report is "The 6 Toxicity and Potential Dangers of Inerteen". What is 7 Inerteen? 8 A. Inerteen is a Westinghouse trade name for 9 their dielectric fluids. 10 Q. And dielectric fluids areused in 11 capacitors and transformers? 12 A. That's correct. 13 Q. Now, in these 1938 studies ?? And M?380 is 14 one of four studies, I believe. Dr. von Oettingen 15 performed oral, inhalation and skin absorption tests 16 using rats; correct? 17 A. Yes, sir. Yes, ma'am. 18 Q. And if you'll turn your attention to the 19 page in the von Oettingen report that's labeled 000105 20 ?? I think the actual page numbers are a little hard to 21 find. Dr. von Oettingen reports to Westinghouse his 22 conclusions about the potential toxicity of Inerteen if 23 there is skin contact; is that correct? 24 MR. MURRAY: Excuse me, Your Honor. I'm 25 going to object to the form of the question. May we Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3565 1 approach the bench? 559 2 THE COURT: Yes, you may. 3 (Bench conference.) 4 THE COURT: Miss Rutter, would you just 5 hold on for a minute? Duty calls. Ladies and 6 gentlemen, you can stand up and stretch your legs. 7 Doctor, if you want to stand up and stretch your legs 8 and put that heavy book down, it's fine with me. 9 Miss Rutter, you may proceed. 10 MS. RUTTER: Thank you, Your Honor. 11 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please briefly turn 12 back to the cover page of the von Oettingen report? 13 M?380, the cover page. 14 A. Yes. I'm back. 15 Q. It says on here that this is Westinghouse 16 Electric and Manufacturing Co.'s industrial hygiene file 17 copy; is that correct? 18 A. Yes. It is. 19 MS. RUTTER: And I've asked the court to 20 take judicial notice of Exhibit M?397 whereby 21 Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company changed 22 its name to Westinghouse Electric Corporation in 1945. 23 THE COURT: Any objections, Mr. Murray? 24 MR. MURRAY: No. None, Your Honor. 25 THE COURT: We'll take judicial notice of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3566 1 the change. 560 2 Q. Now, Dr. Kelly, if you could please return 3 to page 000105 in the von Oettingen report. On that 4 page, Dr. von Oettingen states conclusions about the 5 potential toxicity of Inerteen if there is skin contact; 6 is that correct? 7 A. Yes. 8 Q. Specifically, he concludes, after 9 describing his animal experiments in detail, "It 10 appears, therefore, that the contact of Inerteen with 11 the skin does not only cause local reactions such as 12 dryness thickening and scaling of the skin, but also 13 systemic effects as indicated by the injurious effect on 14 the liver." Did I read that correctly? 15 A. Yes, you did. 16 Q. And that sentence about "skincontact 17 causes systemic effects as indicated by the injurious 18 effect on the liver" is underlined in the text of the 19 1938 von Oettingen report; is it not? 20 A. Yes, it is. 21 Q. In the first full paragraph on page 14, and 22 that's page number 000111 of Exhibit M?380, Dr. von 23 Oettingen states, "Continued application of Inerteen to 24 the skin of rats and humans causes dryness of the skin, 25 thickening and scaling; and the observations made in Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3567 561 rats indicate that sufficient quantities may be absorbed through the skin to produce injurious effects on the liver." Did I read that correctly? 4 A. I couldn't find it. 5 Q. I'm sorry. It' s at the top of page 14. 6 A. I have it now, yes. 7 Q. Does it appear that I read that correctly? 8 A. Yes, it does. 9 Q. Did Dr. von Oettingen in this 1938 report 10 describe what he called a simple method for determining 11 the levels of Inerteen in the air at a Westinghouse 12 plant? And I would direct your attention to page 14 13 again where he talks about a simple method for the 14 determination of Inerteen vapors in the air. That's on 15 the last paragraph of the page. 16 A. Yes, I see it. 17 Q. I don't think we need do go into the 18 methods of the simple method, but it's set out here in 19 this report; is it not? 20 A. Yes. He said asimplemethod. 21 Q. And on page 15 of the report, it's Bates 22 stamp number 000112, Dr. von Oettingen has several 23 paragraphs about preventative measures; does he not? 24 A. Yes, he does. 25 Q. And those paragraphs state, "It appears to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3568 562 1 be of paramount importance that the contamination of the 2 air be reduced to concentrations below 0.05 milligrams 3 per liter of air by adequate forced ventilation at the 4 site of the production of such vapors." Is that 5 correct? 6 A. Yes. But I think it should be ?? you 7 should mention the fact we're getting into the 8 difference between liter per air and cubic millimeters 9 ?? I mean, cubic meters. That would come up to .5. 10 Q. So it would be point ?? What would it 11 translate to? 12 A. Well, there are a thousand liters in a 13 cubic meter, so if he says you should have .05 14 milligrams in one liter, in a cubic liter you'd have a 15 thousand times that much. That would be safe. So he is 16 a little enthusiastic about the safety. 17 Q. And he said, "Greatest personal hygiene is 18 not less important." Is that correct? 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. "Contamination of the skin should be 21 avoided by wearing proper protective garments, such as 22 gloves, caps and cover?alls." Is that correct? 23 A. Yes. 24 Q. During the time you were Monsanto's medical 25 director, was Westinghouse knowledgeable about the Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3569 563 1 toxicity and safe handling precautions required for 2 Inerteen? 3 MR. MURRAY: I object to the question, Your 4 Honor. 5 THE COURT: Sustained. 6 Q. Dr. Kelly, did Westinghouse have a medical 7 director during the time period you were Monsanto's 8 medical director? 9 A. Yes. 10 Q. Who was that? 11 A. It started out T. Lyle Hazelet, who was 12 there when I went with Monsanto. He was very well 13 respected, and I was Johnny?Come?Lately in the business 14 at that time, and I don't know when he died. It was 15 probably sometime after World War II. They always had a 16 succession of medical directors. I forget ?? I don't 17 know their names, but they had an industrial hygiene 18 department that was very well accepted as well as a 19 medical department with doctors in all their individual 20 plants. It was a pretty well?staffed organization. 21 Q. Did you attend meetings and seminars with 22 Westinghouse medical directors from time to time? 23 A. Well, that wasn't the purpose. It wasn't 24 at the Westinghouse plants, but I would be at industrial 25 medical meetings and they would belong to it and I would Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3570 564 see them there Q. So at medical meetings? A. That's correct. Q. Okay. Dr. Kelly, who is Wilbur Speicher? A. He had been an industrial hygienist for some state in the Midwest. I don't know if it was Ohio or Indiana Then he went to work with Westinghouse. He was a Ph.D that was excellent, a good industrial hygienist. Q. You knew Mr. Speicher personally? A. Yes, I did. I didn't know him quite as well as Elmer Wheeler did, but I met him on a few occasions. I think he was one of two industrial hygienists at Westinghouse. A Dr. Barnes was the number one person I had met him a few times. Q. That's Dr. E. C. Barnes? A. That's correct. Q. What was Dr. Barnes reputation as an industrial hygienist? A. Very, very well accepted. Q. Now, Mr. Wheeler worked for you in Monsanto's medical department for about 27 years; is that correct? A. Yes, he did. Q. In your notebook, could you please identify Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13571 1 Exhibit M?9 for the record? 565 2 A. Which one? 3 Q. M?9. Could you please identify that 4 exhibit for the record, Dr. Kelly? 5 A. That's a letter from Elmer Wheeler to 6 Mr. Speicher, the administrator of industrial hygiene at 7 Westinghouse Electric, dated July 25th, 1956. 8 Q. And Dr. Kelly in this letter that Monsanto 9 sent to Westinghouse on July 25th, 1956, I'd like you to 10 follow along in the second paragraph. "I am sending 11 under separate cover two detailed reports published by 12 personnel at the Kettering Laboratories entitled 'The 13 Toxicity of the Vapors of Aroclors 1242 and 1254.'" Did 14 I read that correctly? 15 A. Yes, you did. 16 Q. And it continues, "The data contained 17 herein were condensed and presently by Dr. Treon at the 18 A.I.H.A. meeting in Philadelphia this year. It was 19 published in the form presented in the June 1956 issue 20 of the A.I.H.A. Quarterly, a copy of which I am sure you 21 must have. I am asking Dr. Treon by a copy of this 22 letter to send you a reprint of his publication if such 23 is available at the present time." Did I read that 24 correctly? 25 A. That's correct. Yes, it is. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3572 566 1 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please look at Exhibit 2 M?235 and identify that for the record? 3 A. If I can find it. 4 Q. I'm sorry. I tried to be organized. Can 5 you identify Exhibit M?235, please? 6 A. This is a reprint by Dr. Treon concerning 7 "The Toxicity of Vapors of Aroclor 1242 and Aroclor 8 1254," and it appeared in the "American Industrial 9 Hygiene Quarterly". 10 Q. Was the "Industrial Hygiene Quarterly" a 11 publication available in the public domain so 12 Westinghouse could obtain it even if Dr. Treon didn't 13 forward a copy as requested? 14 A. Yes. Yes, it was. 15 Q. You'll note that Mr. Wheeler mentions in 16 his letters that he is sure that Mr. Speicher of 17 Westinghouse already has a copy of this article in his 18 file? 19 A. Yes. 20 Q. Did Monsanto on its own also send these 21 Treon reports about the toxicity of Aroclor 1242 and 22 1254 to Westinghouse? 23 A. Yes. They sent copies of the original 24 report. 25 Q. And could you please look at Exhibits M?233 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3573 567 1 and M?234 and identify those for the record? 2 A. M?233 is entitled "The Toxicity of the 3 Vapor of Aroclors 1242 and 1254" by Treon, et cetera, 4 dated June 22nd, 1953 from the Kettering Laboratory, and 5 M?234 is "The Toxicity of the Vapor of Aroclor 1242 and 6 1254," dated June the 18th, 19 ?? I find it hard to make 7 out. It's '55 I believe also. 8 Q. And in Exhibit M?9, this July 25th, 1956 9 letter from Elmer Wheeler of Monsanto to Wilbur Speicher 10 of Westinghouse, Elmer Wheeler sent to Mr. Speicher of 11 Westinghouse these two reports that Dr. Treon gave to 12 Monsanto; is that correct? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. And Exhibit 235 is the published report 15 about these two articles of which Monsanto sent complete 16 copies to Westinghouse; is that correct? 17 A. That's correct. 18 Q. And, Dr. Kelly, I'm holding Exhibit 235 in 19 my hand. 20 A. Yes. That's correct. 21 Q. In Mr. Wheeler's July 25th, 1956 letter to 22 Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse, he points out that 23 Dr. Treon's article discusses the method and measuring 24 apparatus that can be used to make sure the air levels 25 of PCB 's in the workplace are safe. Is that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3574 568 1 A. That's correct. 2 Q. It's apparently called the Wilson 3 Hydrocarbon Apparatus. 4 A. Well, I won't know what that is, but that's 5 industrial hygiene talk. 6 Q. Okay. And there's some information in here 7 about how Elmer Wheeler of Monsanto has enclosed for 8 Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse a description of the 9 operating procedure prepared by one of our research 10 groups, which is somewhat more detailed than that 11 provided with the instrument. Do you see that on page 12 one of Exhibit M?9? 13 A. Yes, I do. 14 Q. So Monsanto sent some more detailed 15 operating instructions that they had worked up than the 16 manufacturer of the air testing apparatus. There was 17 also some information about safe handling of PCBs in 18 this letter; is that correct? If you'll turn to page 19 two, I think you'll see ?? 20 A. Yes. 21 Q. ?? Mr. Wheeler tells Mr.Speicher, "We 22 recommend that repeated and prolonged skin contact with 23 any of the Aroclors be avoided." Is that correct? 24 A. That's correct.That's in there. 25 Q. And then the letter shows a CC to Dr. Treon Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3575 569 1 at the Kettering Laboratory because Mr. Wheeler of 2 Monsanto was asking Dr. Treon to forward a copy of this 3 M?235 to Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse in case 4 Mr. Speicher didn't already have it; is thatcorrect? 5 A. That's correct. 6 Q. Let's turn to Exhibit M?14, please. Have 7 you found it? 8 A. I found it. 9 Q. This is another letter from Mr. Wheeler of 10 Monsanto, who worked for you at ?? who worked for you, 11 to Wilbur Speicher, the industrial hygienist at 12 Westinghouse; is that correct? 13 A. Yes, that's correct. 14 Q. And this letter is dated October 23rd, 15 1959? 16 A. Right. 17 Q. The first paragraph of the letter indicates 18 that Mr. Speicher had written to Mr. Wheeler inquiring 19 about the safe use of trichlorodiphenyl? 20 A. And a mixture of 40 percent 21 trichlorobenzene and 60 percent hexachlorodiphenyl, 22 right. 23 Q. What is trichlorodiphenyl? 24 A. Trichlorodiphenyl is a ?? It would be 25 roughly ?? He didn't ask for trichlorodiphenyl. He Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3576 570 asked for trichlorobenzene. Q. If you'll look in the second sentence there, it says, "Thank you for your letter of October 21st inquiring about the safe use of trichlorodiphenyl." A. Yes. Well, that would be roughly Aroclor 1242 . Q. That's ?? Trichlorodiphenyl is Aroclor 1242; is that correct? A. Yes. He said a mixture of 40 percent trichlorobenzene, which went into Pydraul, plus 60 percent hexachlorodiphenyl, which is Aroclor 1260. Q. Westinghouse used trichlorobenzene and 60 percent chlorinated PCBs in transformers; is that correct? A. I don't know the exact ratio, but they used both of those products. Q. They used a blend in the transformers? A. That's correct. Q. And they used a different Inerteen in the capacitors; is that correct? A. That's right. They used pure PCBs in the capacitors. Q. Down in the second paragraph of this letter, Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto tells Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse, "We market trichlorodiphenyl as Aroclor Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3577 1 1242." Is that correct? 571 2 A. That's correct. 3 Q. So trichlorodiphenyl is 1242? 4 A. Yes. 5 Q. And in the third paragraph on thefirst 6 page of Exhibit M?14, Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto tells 7 Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse that prolonged and repeated 8 skin contact with any of the Aroclors should be avoided; 9 is that correct? 10 A. It's the fourth paragraph, yes. 11 Q. And reading on in that letter which I've 12 blown up so the jury can see ?? Could you follow along 13 to make sure I'm reading this correctly. "I believe 14 prolonged and repeated skin contact with any of the 15 Aroclors should be avoided. . . It is possible that 16 prolonged or repeated skin contact could lead to 17 chloracne. I know of only two cases where such 18 experience has developed during the long history of 19 production and use of Aroclors." Then he goes on for a 20 discussion. "This indicates to me, however, that 21 sufficient exposure, whether by inhalation of vapors or 22 skin contact, can result in chloracne, which I think we 23 must assume could be an indication of more serious 24 systemic injury if the exposure was allowed to 25 continue." Have I read that correctly? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3578 572 1 A. Correctly. You lost me someplace. Which 2 paragraph is that? 3 Q. Well, he goes on for a long discussion. 4 A. Yeah. What is the start of the paragraph? 5 Q. I'll show you up here. 6 A. That one? 7 Q. Yes. I realize it's an old letter so it's 8 a little hard to see. Why don't you just take a minute 9 to read it? 10 A. Yes. I believe you read it correctly. 11 Q. Okay. And then if you'll turn over to page 12 two of the letter down here, the conclusion, are you on 13 the second page of the letter? 14 A. Yes, I am. 15 Q. Do you see the part that starts out, "I 16 have been told that your company"? 17 A. No, I don't frankly. 18 Q. It's on the third page of the letter. I'm 19 sorry, Dr. Kelly. I misspoke. 20 A. I have been told, yes. All right. 21 Q. If you could follow along. "I have been 22 told that your company," Westinghouse, "has had some 23 20?25 years' experience with the products discussed 24 above... Mr. R. E. Marbury of your Bloomington, Indiana 25 plant has been associated the use of Aroclor 1242. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3579 573 1 Perhaps you have already discussed potential exposures 2 with these gentlemen. If so, I would be interested in 3 learning of their practical experience with these 4 products. Sincerely, Elmer P. Wheeler." 5 A. You read it correctly, but you left out a 6 sentence where he said, "James Ford, Manager of 7 Transformer Manufacturing, would be a source of 8 information." 9 Q. Right. That's the sentence that goes right 10 in there, and because it dealt with transformers I left 11 it out on the board. So the letter also referred 12 Mr. Speicher to a Mr. Ford of Westinghouse, who had a 13 lot of experience in the use of PCB's in transformers; 14 is that correct? 15 A. That's correct. 16 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please identify for 17 the record Exhibit M?18? 18 MR. CARNEY: Your Honor, they're going to a 19 different document. I notice it's a couple of minutes 20 to 6:00. 21 THE COURT: How long is it going to take 22 you to get through M?18? 23 MS. RUTTER: It might take me more than two 24 minutes. 25 THE COURT: Doctor, step down. You have to Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3580 1 come back tomorrow. 574 2 THE WITNESS: Yes. I expected it. 3 THE COURT: You may step down. 4 THE WITNESS: What time tomorrow? 5 THE COURT: Nine o'clock. Ladies and 6 gentlemen, we have gotten through another day. We're 7 going to adjourn at this time. Ladies and gentlemen, 8 justice requires that you not make up your mind about 9 the case until all of the evidence has been seen and 10 heard. You're not to discuss this case among 11 yourselves, nor are you to permit anybody to discuss the 12 case in your presence. Ladies and gentlemen, have a 13 good evening, and I'll see you tomorrow at at 9:00 a.m. 14 (Hearing was adjourned.) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3581 575 1 THE COURT: Morning, ladies and gentlemen. 2 In accordance with our discussions in chamber ?? Doctor, 3 would you just wait a moment for me, please? Why don't 4 you just ?? Thank you very much. In accordance with our 5 discussions in chambers, the Court will now at this time 6 seek the first alternate juror, juror number 230, Elaine 7 Wales. Ms. Wales, would you move to position number six 8 in the jury box? Thank you. 9 Ladies and gentlemen, today will be a test 10 of how efficient I can be. Today I have the 11 responsibility ?? Today and tomorrow I have the 12 responsibility of being the duty judge in the circuit 13 which means that throughout the day there will be 14 lawyers and police officers and all sorts of people 15 coming in here trying to see me, and I am the only judge 16 in the building, and so I have the responsibility of all 17 matters in the building, everything from search 18 warrants, arrest warrants to adult abuse type cases as 19 well as lawyers coming in with special matters. 20 So what I intend to do is, in order to 21 manage it a little better, is I will (inaudible) and see 22 who's in the courtroom and if there are lawyers in the 23 courtroom, I will probably break on the hour for about 24 ten minutes to handle the matters that I can handle very 25 quickly. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3582 576 1 So depending on if there are lawyers in the 2 courtroom between now and ten, I will break at ten. If 3 there are lawyers in the courtroom between ten and 11, I 4 will break at 11 for about ten minutes. It should not 5 severely impact your morning break. However, instead of 6 giving you 20 minutes, I may only give you 15 depending 7 on how often we have to break in the morning. We will 8 do the same thing in the afternoon. 9 So I just want you to know that if we're 10 breaking, it's because there are other matters that are 11 unrelated to this case that I need to do. Mr. Kelly, 12 you may now come to the witness chair. I certainly hope 13 that's fresh water. Did you put that up there? 14 THE WITNESS: Beg your pardon? 15 THE COURT: Is that fresh water? 16 THE WITNESS: Yes, it is. 17 THE COURT: Okay. I don't want you to have 18 to deal with water from yesterday. Good morning, 19 Counsel. 20 MS. RUTTER: Good morning. 21 THE COURT: Ms. Rutter, you may proceed. 22 CONTINUED CROSS EXAMINATION 23 QUESTIONS BY MS. RUTTER: 24 Q. Thank you, Your Honor. Dr. Kelly, I'm 25 going to hand you this notebook again. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3583 577 1 A. Thank you. 2 Q. We're going to be talking about Exhibit 18. 3 MR. MURRAY: What number is that? 4 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) 18. Dr.Kelly, Exhibit 5 M18 is a letter from Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse to 6 Elmer Wheeler of Monsanto, and it's dated April 25th, 7 1962. Is that correct? 8 A. Yes, I have it in front of me. 9 Q. Yes. And the first paragraph of this 10 letter ?? I don't think we need to go into it in 11 detail ?? contains a long discussion about the 12 temperature at which local exhaust ventilation should be 13 provided. Is that correct? 14 A. Yes, it is. 15 Q. Now, Mr. Wheeler's previous letter had, 16 also M14 which we were discussing at the end of the day 17 yesterday, had been discussing the topic of temperatures 18 for local exhaust ventilation? 19 A. Yes. 20 Q. And in the first paragraph of 21 Mr. Speicher's ?? Excuse me. In the second paragraph of 22 Mr. Speicher's letter to Mr. Wheeler, Mr. Speicher of 23 Westinghouse asks some questions about using hand creams 24 to avoid contact with PCBs. Is that correct? 25 A. Wait till I find it. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3584 578 1 Q. It's the second paragraph. It says, 2 "Normally." 3 A. Yes, that's correct. 4 Q. That paragraph says, "Normally we have 5 asked our people to prevent prolonged skin contact with 6 the Aroclors" ?? this is Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse 7 writing to Mr. Wheeler in 1962 ?? "and to use a good 8 grade of Neoprene coated gloves when necessary. 9 Recently the question with respect to a fairly desirable 10 hand cream was raised. I would like to know your 11 recommendation for one of the Fend creams." And then he 12 goes on to discuss a line of Fend creams. Is that 13 correct? 14 A. Yes, he does. 15 Q. And he says, "Sincetheseliquid Aroclors 16 are of a oily nature, it is my opinion that Fend One or 17 Fend S would not be as desirable protection as Fend F. 18 I will greatly appreciate your comments." Is that 19 correct? 20 A. Yes, you have. 21 Q. Let's turn now tothe reply that 22 Mr. Wheeler who worked for you at Monsanto sent to 23 Mr. Speicher at Westinghouse, and that's been marked as 24 Exhibit M19. Can you confirm, Dr. Kelly, that Exhibit 25 M19 is a letter from Elmer P. Wheeler, assistant Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3585 579 1 director, medical department of Monsanto to Mr. Wilbur 2 Speicher, administrator, industrial hygiene, 3 Westinghouse Electric Corporation, and it's dated April 4 30th, 1962? 5 A. Yes, I can confirm that. 6 Q. And in relation to the discussion that 7 Mr. Speicher had in the previous letter, M19, about 8 exhaust ventilation, Mr. Wheeler says, if you'll find 9 the fourth paragraph on the first page of the letter 10 that starts out, "The experience." 11 A. Yes. 12 Q. Do you see that? "The experience of your 13 company in handling the specific Aroclors that you use 14 should dictate where and at what temperatures local 15 exhaust ventilation should be provided. I can think of 16 no better experts than you and Ed Barnes as to what 17 control measures are necessary in your own plants." 18 A. Yes, that's what he says. 19 Q. Now, the very first line of Mr.Wheeler of 20 Monsanto's letter to Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse dated 21 April 30th, 1962, Mr. Wheeler says, "Dear Wilbur, thank 22 you for your letter of April 25th." Is that correct? 23 A. Yes, it is. 24 Q. Let's turn over to the second page of 25 Mr. Wheeler's letter to Mr. Speicher where he responds Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3586 580 1 to the question about the hand creams. Do you see where 2 he starts out saying the liquid Aroclors are good 3 solvents ? 4 A. Yes, I do. 5 Q. Let me show this to the jury. Am I reading 6 correctly where I say, and this is on exhibit M19, Elmer 7 Wheeler of Monsanto to Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse, 8 "The liquid Aroclors are good solvents for the normal 9 fats and oils of the skin. In our own operations we, at 10 Monsanto, we try to stress prevention of skin contact 11 rather than the use of creams. To answer your specific 12 question, however, it would appear to me that Fend F 13 would offer more protection than Fend I or Fend S." 14 A. Yes, that's correct. 15 Q. Have I read that correctly? 16 A. Yes. 17 Q. So Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto told 18 Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse in 1962 that at Monsanto we 19 try to stress prevention of skin contact. Is that 20 correct? 21 A. That's what it ?? Yes, they rarely use 22 creams. 23 Q. Let's turn to Exhibit M27. Do you have 24 that in your notebook, Dr. Kelly? 25 A. Yes, I do. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3587 581 1 Q. M27 is a letter from Mr. Wilbur Speicher of 2 Westinghouse to Elmer Wheeler of Monsanto dated October 3 17th, 1967. Is that correct? 4 A. Yes, that's correct. 5 Q. And in this letter, Mr. Speicher says that 6 they're going to put a precautionary label on their 7 electric capacitors which are made at the Bloomington 8 plant. Is that correct? 9 A. Yes. 10 Q. And he's interested in receiving a sample 11 of the precautionary label that Mr. Speicher knows 12 Monsanto uses. Is that correct? 13 A. Yes, that's what he asks for. 14 Q. And then ExhibitM28, if you could turn to 15 that in your notebook. 16 A. Yes. 17 Q. That's a reply from Jack Garrett of 18 Monsanto. He worked with Wilbur ?? He worked with Elmer 19 Wheeler. Is that correct? 20 A. Yes. He reported to Elmer Wheeler. 21 Q. So Jack Garrett of Monsanto wrote back to 22 Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse on November 1st, 1967 23 and said, "I am sending you a copy of our Inerteen label 24 which you requested in your letter of October 17th." Is 25 that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3588 1 A. Yes, it is. 582 2 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please turn to Exhibit 3 M34 in your notebook? 4 A. Yes, I have it. 5 Q. That's a letter from Elmer Wheeler of 6 Monsanto's medical department to a Dr. Bindschadler at 7 Westinghouse dated February 12th, 1969. Is that 8 correct? 9 A. Yes, it is. 10 Q. Just skimming this letter quickly, it 11 appears to involve a PCB product that wasn't used at 12 Bloomington, Aroclor 1254, so I think we'll go over it 13 fairly quickly. Can you confirm that this letter is 14 about the Aroclor 1254? 15 A. Yes, it is. 16 Q. And after discussing the TLVs for Aroclor 17 1254 and Monsanto's experience, Elmer Wheeler concludes 18 this 1969 letter to Westinghouse ?? can you turn to the 19 concluding paragraph ?? by stating, "I am sure you know 20 that your company, Westinghouse, has had many years of 21 experience in handling and using the chlorinated 22 biphenyls as electrical transformer fluids. It is 23 possible that your experience is wider than ours in 24 terms of exposure levels in the user's plant as compared 25 to our manufacturing facilities." And, "Butch asks me Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3589 583 to send his personal regards. Sincerely, Elmer Wheeler." A. I didn't hear your last statement. Q. My last statement was just the sign off where he sent his personal regards. A. Oh. Q. Have I read that correctly? A. Yes, you have. Q. I have a letter here that we didn't manage to get into the notebooks, but I've made a few copies. This is M36. Do you have copies, Mr. Murray? MR. MURRAY: Yes, I do. Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Exhibit M36 is another letter from Elmer Wheeler of Monsanto to Wilbur Speicher of Westingho use. Is that correct? A. Yes, it is. Q. And that letter is dated June 5th, 1969? A. Yes . Q. And this letter is discussing PCBs used as therminols. Is that correct? A. That's correct. Q. And once again, Mr. Speicher or Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto sends to Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse copies of the Treon studies from 1956. Is that correct? A. That is correct. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3590 584 1 Q. So comparing Exhibit M36, a June 1969 2 letter from Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto with Exhibit M9, 3 another letter from Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto to 4 Mr. Speicher dated 1956, this is two times now that 5 Monsanto has sent the Treon studies to Mr. Speicher at 6 Westinghouse. Is that correct? 7 A. Yes, it is. 8 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please find Exhibit M4 9 in your notebook? 10 A. I found it. 11 Q. This is a letter dated August 13th, 1946 12 from Mr. E. C. Barnes of Westinghouse. Is that correct? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. And it says E. C. Barnes, industrial 15 hygiene engineer? 16 A. Well, yes. He was head of our industrial 17 hygiene department. 18 Q. And the front cover of the letter indicates 19 that it's coming from headquarters, medical department? 20 A. Yes. 21 Q. And he's sending it to a Mr. Floyd Staupp, 22 S?t?a?u?p?p. Is that correct? 23 A. Yes. 24 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you find in the second 25 paragraph on the first page, the sentence that starts Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3591 585 1 with, "In case the material is heated"? 2 A. Yes. 3 Q. That is a letter written by Ed Barnes of 4 Westinghouse and it says, "In case the material is 5 heated," referring to Inerteen, "This drives off more 6 vapor and relatively unsafe conditions may be produced." 7 Have I read that correctly? 8 A. Yes, you have. 9 Q. And then if you'll turn to the second page 10 of the letter and look at the second paragraph. 11 A. On which page? 12 Q. Page two. 13 A. Yes. 14 Q. Look at the second paragraph. Can you tell 15 me whether I'm reading this language correctly? I think 16 it starts with the second sentence. "Inerteen is a skin 17 irritant and may produce a skin condition known as 18 chloracne. If there is sufficient exposure over a 19 period of weeks or months, this skin eruption is very 20 hard to heal and may require special treatment by a 21 person familiar with this type of skin disease. It is, 22 therefore, important that any parts which have been 23 coated with Inerteen should be handled with rubber 24 gloves to avoid contact of this material with the skin 25 of the workers. Neoprene gloves are reasonably Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3592 586 1 satisfactory for this application." Have I correctly 2 read that letter by Mr. Ed Barnes, industrial hygiene of 3 Westinghouse from August 13th, 1946 about the safe 4 handling procedures for working with Inerteen? 5 A. Yes, you have. 6 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please find Exhibit M5 7 in your notebook? 8 A. Well, I've just got, seems the last page of 9 a letter from Barnes to Wigert. 10 Q. Okay. I will give you my copy. Could you 11 please confirm, Dr. Kelly, that Exhibit M5 is a letter 12 from E. C. Barnes, the industrial hygiene engineer at 13 Westinghouse to a Mr. J. W. Wigert at Westinghouse in 14 Cleveland? 15 A. Yes, it is. If I can give you this back. 16 I found the first page, I think. 17 Q. And this letter is dated September 15th, 18 1947. Is that correct? 19 A. Yes. 20 Q. Once again, thisletter indicates it's 21 coming from Mr. Barnes at the Westinghouse headquarters 22 medical department? 23 A. That's correct. 24 Q. And in the openingparagraph ofthis 1947 25 letter, Mr. Barnes states that he is in the process of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3593 587 1 preparing a safe practice data sheet for Inerteen. Is 2 that correct? 3 A. Let me find it. 4 Q. It's the first sentence, the very first 5 sentence. It says, "I am sorry for the long" ?? 6 A. Yeah, I found it. That's what he says. 7 Q. So he says he's in the process of preparing 8 a safe practice data sheet for Inerteen. Is that 9 correct? 10 A. That's right. 11 Q. Do you see the portion of this 1947 letter 12 from Westinghouse's industrial hygiene department under 13 the caption "Breathing"? 14 A. Yes. 15 Q. Let's start with the second sentence in 16 that paragraph. I'd like you to follow along. "Chronic 17 poisoning may occur where there are repeated or 18 recurring exposures to a sufficient concentration of 19 Inerteen" ?? then it describes the number of the 20 Inerteen ?? "vapor over a period of months or years. 21 Such exposures may produce internal bodily injury which 22 may be disabling or could be fatal." Have I correctly 23 read this 1947 letter from Westinghouse's industrial 24 hygiene department under the caption noted "Breathing"? 25 A. Yes. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3594 588 1 Q. Could you please turn to the portion of the 2 letter that discusses skin irritation? That's on the 3 second page. 4 A. Yes. 5 Q. Let's skip the first sentence and go 6 straight to the second sentence. It says, "Even though 7 it is not very irritating, it is absorbed through the 8 skin and can produce toxic reactions internally. It may 9 also produce, after exposures of months or years, a skin 10 condition known as chloracne. This condition is very 11 difficult to heal." Have I read that correctly? 12 A. I haven't found it. I've never seen this 13 before. 14 Q. Right there. 15 A. Oh, that. 16 Q. I think you're missing a page, too. You 17 may use my copy of the letter. 18 A. Now, would you ?? You've said it is a mild 19 skin irritant, even though it is not very irritating to 20 the skin. This absorbs through the skin and can produce 21 toxic reactions internally. It produces, after 22 exposures of months or years, a skin condition known as 23 chloracne. This condition is very difficult to heal, 24 yes. 25 Q. And now if you could turn to the portion of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3595 589 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 589 the letter that says "Precautions." A. I have that. Q. Good. Let's start out with the very first sentence of that paragraph, and if you'll follow along. "Care must be taken to prevent any appreciable contact with this material with the skin, especially when these contacts are repeated." And then we left out a couple of sentences because of space. I'll go ahead and read them to the jury. "If any appreciable area of the skin becomes coated with the Inerteen, it should be removed by washing with soap and water." And it talks about some other methods. Then it says, "The maximum allowable concentration of vapor, previously specified" ?? it was discussed earlier in the letter ?? "Should not be exceeded under normal working conditions. This can be accomplished either by using a totally enclosed system or by providing adequate ventilation. Where this is not practical, respirators may be used." Have I read that correctly? A. Yes, you have. Q. And this is a letter from Ed Barnes, industrial hygiene engineer of Westinghouse dated September 15th, 1947 discussing the toxicity and safe handling of Inerteen. Is that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3596 590 1 A. That's correct. 2 Q. Dr. Kelly, can you find Exhibit M15 in your 3 notebook, please? 4 A. I go from 14 to 18. I can t find 15. 5 Q. Let me see if I can help. I think there's 6 an error in your notebook. Here 's M18. I may have 7 misspoken the exhibit number. It's M15 for the record. 8 A. Beg your pardon? 9 Q. The exhibit number is M15 . 10 A. 15, one, five? 11 Q. Do you have M15 in your hand? 12 A. If that's the one you gave me 13 M15 . 14 Q. That's M15. Dr. Kelly, can you confirm 15 that this letter is a letter from Wilbur Speicher in the 16 industrial hygiene department at Westinghouse dated 17 November 2nd, 1959? 18 A. Yes, to Mr. Frank Wright of U.S. Naval 19 Ordnance in Silver Springs, Maryland. 20 Q. So Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse is writing 21 to Mr. Frank Wright of the United States Navy, and he is 22 a safety engineer? 23 A. Yes. 24 Q. And the letter starts out, "Your letter 25 concerning properties and safe usage precautions for Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3597 591 1 Inerteen has been referred to me for a reply." Is that 2 correct? 3 A. Yes. 4 Q. So United States Navy has written to 5 Westinghouse asking about the properties and safe 6 handling practices for Inerteen? 7 A. Yes. 8 Q. And Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse sends a 9 reply in 1959. Is that correct? 10 A. Yes, he has. 11 Q. Mr. Speicher points out that there's 12 capacitor Inerteen and that's transformer Inerteen. Is 13 that correct? 14 A. Yes, he does. 15 Q. That's the subject of the second paragraph. 16 A. Yes. 17 Q. And he says capacitor Inerteen is 18 trichlorobiphenyl? 19 A. Yes. 20 Q. And that's Aroclor 1242? 21 A. Correct. 22 Q. And then in the third paragraph, 23 Mr. Speicher tells the United States Navy in 1959 that 24 contact with the skin can cause chloracne. Is that 25 correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3598 1 A. Yes, he does. 592 2 Q. And then in the fourth paragraph he says, 3 "It is well to provide Neoprene coated gloves and aprons 4 to prevent skin contact and clothing contamination where 5 necessary." 6 A. Yes, he does. 7 Q. That's what Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse 8 is telling the United States Navy in 1959. Is that 9 correct? 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. And then in the final paragraph on the 12 first page of the letter, if you could follow along, he 13 says, "Prolonged or excessive vapors from excessively 14 heated Inerteen should not be breathed. The maximum 15 acceptable concentration for trichlorodiphenyl appears 16 to be one milligram per cubic meter of air." Is that 17 correct? 18 A. Yes, it is. 19 Q. Now, that's the ACGIH recommendation for 20 Aroclor 1242. Is that correct? 21 A. Yes. 22 Q. Then he talks about something that's not 23 relevant. It's relevant to transformer Inerteen, so 24 we'll skip to the next sentence. It says, "High 25 concentrations may produce irritation of the respiratory Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3599 593 1 tract, eyes and throat. It is believed that significant 2 vapors should not be released from the chlorinated 3 diphenyls at temperatures below 150 degrees Fahrenheit 4 where good general ventilation is provided." Have I 5 read that correctly? 6 A. Yes, you have. 7 Q. So in 1959 we have Wilbur Speicher of 8 Westinghouse telling the United States Navy it's 9 important to prevent skin contact with Inerteen. Is 10 that correct? 11 A. Yes, he has. 12 MS. RUTTER: Your Honor, at this time I 13 would move to admit into evidence the following 14 documents: M380, the von Oettingen report; M397 ?? 15 THE COURT: Counsel, it may be more 16 efficient to do that at the conclusion of the 17 plaintiff's case and you'll tell me all of the exhibits 18 at that time. 19 MS. RUTTER: I will be happy to defer it 20 till that time, Your Honor. 21 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Dr. Kelly, could you 22 please find Exhibit 212 in your notebook? 23 A. Yes, I have. 24 Q. Exhibit M212 is a Monsanto customer 25 brochure called, "The Aroclors, Physical Properties and Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3600 594 1 Suggested Applications." Is that correct? 2 A. That's correct. 3 Q. Who received this brochure? 4 A. Customers, anybody who wrote and asked for 5 it, people that we sent the material to. We sent along 6 a bulletin. Salespeople disseminated it. 7 Q. Okay. Could you ?? I'm sorry, I didn't 8 mean to cut you off. 9 A. I sent it out to anybody who asked me about 10 the ?? well, not this bulletin, but those are the ones 11 that used, that was some of the development bulletin 12 there were suggested applications rather than a pure 13 sales bulletin where there was an established market for 14 the material. 15 Q. If you'll turn to the last page of the 16 bulletin, could you read the date stamp on it? 17 A. Yes. 18 Q. I've got a date stamp of June 18th, 1945. 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. Okay. So this appears to be an early 21 Aroclor bulletin. Is that correct? 22 A. Quite early. 23 Q. Now, this brochure that was out in 1945 24 even at that date had a toxicity section on page 11. Is 25 that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3601 595 1 A. Yes, there is such astatement. 2 Q. I'd like to hand you for a moment a 3 document marked as Monsanto Exhibit M3. This is not in 4 the notebook, Your Honor. Dr. Kelly, Monsanto Exhibit 5 M3 is a memo from L. A. Watt dated October 11th, 1937. 6 Is that correct? 7 A. That's correct. 8 Q. And L. A. Watt was a Monsanto employee. Is 9 that correct? 10 A. Yes, he was. 11 Q. And in this he sets out some, a toxicity 12 statement for the Aroclors. Is that correct? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. And the last paragraph says, "In talking 15 with Dr. Kelly before these three paragraphs were 16 written, we agreed that they might as well be phrased so 17 that they could be used not only in the Aroclor booklet, 18 but quoted in correspondence as that may be necessary." 19 Is that correct? 20 A. That's correct. 21 Q. So this memo, M3, dated October 11th, 1937 22 contains toxicity information about Aroclors that you 23 prepared before World War II. Is that correct? 24 A. That's correct. 25 Q. And if you'll look at page 11 of the Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3602 596 1 Monsanto Aroclor brochure, Exhibit M212, can you compare 2 that to the language that you wrote here in 1937 from M3 3 and tell me if that's identical? 4 A. Yes, it is. 5 Q. It's a number of paragraphs, and I didn't 6 have room for all of them on the board, but can you tell 7 me whether what I've put up here is accurate? It says, 8 "Experimental work on animals shows that prolonged 9 exposure to Aroclor vapors evolved at high temperatures 10 or by repeated oral ingestion will lead to systemic 11 toxic effects." Is that correct? 12 A. That is correct. 13 Q. Now, in 1937 when you wrote this language, 14 the Treon work hadn't been done yet, had it? 15 A. It hadn't even been considered. 16 Q. Okay. Did this refer to Dr. Drinker's 17 work? 18 A. Yes. 19 Q. It says, "Repeatedbodily contactwith 20 liquid Aroclors may lead to an acne?form skin eruption." 21 Is that correct? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. And then finally it says, "Suitable draft 24 ventilation to control the vapors evolved at elevated 25 temperatures, as well as protection by suitable garments Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3603 597 1 from extensive bodily contact with the liquid Aroclors, 2 should prevent any untoward effect." 3 A. That's correct. 4 Q. And this was something that Monsanto was 5 sending out to its customers in 1937. Is that correct? 6 A. That's correct. 7 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please identify for 8 the record Exhibits M216, M217 and M219? Or maybe to 9 speed things up a little bit, if you'll find them in 10 your notebook, I'll read the titles. 11 A. 216, 217 and 2 ?? 12 Q. 219. They should all be there one right 13 after the other. 14 A. Yeah. Right. 15 Q. I know they're big,thick booklets. 16 A. Yes, I have them. 17 Q. Exhibit 216 is a brochure called "The 18 Proper Handling of Aroclors and Their Mixtures in the 19 Electrical Industry." Is that correct? 20 A. That is correct. 21 Q. So this brochure wasdesigned for 22 Monsanto's dielectric customers, the customers who used 23 Aroclors in transformers and capacitors. Is that 24 correct? 25 A. Use for (inaudible). Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3604 1 Q. Right. 598 2 A. Yes, that's correct. 3 Q. And this particular Monsanto customer 4 brochure directed toward the electrical industry is 5 dated December 1st, 1954. Is that correct? 6 A. That is correct. 7 Q. Let's turn to page 73 of that thick 8 brochure and find the section that's labeled 9 "Dermatology and Toxicology." 10 A. Yes, I have it. 11 Q. There are some similar sections in some 12 other brochures we're going to do, so I'm just going to 13 focus on one thing in this section. There's a two?page 14 chapter called, chapter nine, "Dermatology and 15 Toxicology." Is that correct? 16 A. That is correct. 17 Q. And if you'll look at the last sentence on 18 page 73, it says ?? do you see where it says, 19 "Laboratory Techniques"? 20 A. Yes. 21 Q. It says, "Laboratorytechnique merely 22 requires keeping the hands free of the liquid and 23 handling it under a well?ventilated hood." Is that 24 correct? 25 A. That's correct. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3605 599 1 Q. So that was the statement about keeping the 2 hands free of the liquid that was contained in 3 Monsanto's customer brochure toward the electrical, 4 directed to the electrical industry as of 1954. Is that 5 correct? 6 A. That is correct. 7 Q. Could you find ExhibitM217? 8 A. Yes. 9 Q. Once again, this is another Monsanto 10 brochure called "The Proper Handling of Aroclors and 11 Their Mixtures in the Electrical Industry." Is that 12 correct? 13 A. Yes. 14 Q. That's correct? This again is a very thick 15 brochure. The date of this brochure is May 1st, 1956. 16 Is that correct? 17 A. That's correct. 18 Q. And once again, there's a chapter on 19 dermatology and toxicology, chapter nine contained at 20 pages 75 and 76 of that brochure. Is that correct? 21 A. Yes, I have it. 22 Q. Since that toxicology section is very 23 similar to the next section, to shorten things up a 24 little bit, I'm going to focus on Exhibit 219, the next 25 exhibit. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3606 1 A. Yes. 600 2 Q. Could you please turn to Exhibit 219? That 3 document is called "The Proper Handling of Aroclors and 4 Their Mixtures in the Electrical Industry." Is that 5 correct? 6 A. That'scorrect. 7 Q. It's a big, thickbrochure? 8 A. Yes. 9 Q. And I think Mr.McClain of Westinghouse who 10 testified by video deposition yesterday testified that 11 he had a copy of this document. Let's turn to pages 98 12 to 100 of this brochure, "The Proper Handling of 13 Aroclors and Their Mixtures in the Electrical Industry" 14 dated January 1960. 15 A. Yes. 16 Q. We've now got pages 98, 99 and 100, chapter 17 12 on dermatology and toxicology out of this January 18 1960 Monsanto customer brochure. Is that correct? 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please look at page 99 21 of that exhibit where it says "Exposure to Vapors"? 22 A. Yes. 23 Q. And tell me whether Iam reading 24 accurately. "Vapors from hotAroclor, or askarel, have 25 a degree of toxicity and should not be inhaled over a Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3607 601 1 prolonged period of time. Experimental work on animals 2 indicates that the maximum safe concentrations of vapors 3 in workrooms is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 milligrams 4 per cubic meter of air." Is that correct? 5 A. That's correct. 6 Q. And those standards that are set out in 7 this brochure are the standards that are recommended by 8 the American Conference of Governmental Hygienists for 9 Aroclor 1242 and 1254. Is that correct? 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. Except the 1.0 is for Aroclor 1242 and the 12 0.5 is for Aroclor 1254? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. Let's move down to the next paragraph where 15 it talks about capacitor impregnations like what they 16 did at the Bloomington plant. Can you follow along and 17 tell me if I'm reading this correctly? "Capacitor 18 impregnations may be done at temperatures as high as 266 19 degrees Fahrenheit or 130 degrees Centigrade. Following 20 impregnation and draining the chamber, exhaust 21 ventilation should be applied to the chamber to prevent 22 askarel vapors entering the workroom. Also, when 23 opening a heated capacitor impregnating chamber, the 24 workmen should wear a respirator during this short 25 interval of exposure." Have I read that correctly, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3608 1 Dr. Kelly? 602 2 A. Yes, you have. 3 Q. And this is from the Monsanto customer 4 brochure directed to the electrical industry in 1960. 5 Is that correct? 6 A. That's correct. 7 Q. Then it talks about transformer askarels. 8 Let's define the term askarel for the jury. What does 9 the word askarel means? 10 A. Askarel is a generic name used to, for 11 dielectrics, for ?? it's not a Monsanto trade name 12 that's used in the industry. Westinghouse uses their 13 own proprietary name of Inerteen for their askarel. GE 14 is Pyranol for theirs, and we call ours Aroclor. 15 Q. Okay. Let me just make sure we've got all 16 this correct. PCB containing dielectric fluid was 17 referred to generally in the electrical industry as 18 askarels. Is that correct? 19 A. That's correct, that's correct. 20 Q. Monsanto called it Aroclor. That was 21 Monsanto's trade name; correct? 22 A. Right. 23 Q. Westinghouse's trade name, theycalled it 24 Inerteen. Is that correct? 25 A. That's correct. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3609 603 1 Q. And General Electric called it Pyranol. Is 2 that correct? 3 A. Pyranol, that's correct. 4 Q. Actually I think I took away the exhibit 5 before I read it because I was defining askarels, but 6 there's a paragraph in here saying that if transformer 7 askarels are used at temperatures above 125 to 150 8 degrees Fahrenheit, exhaust ventilation should be 9 provided in the immediate area. Is that correct? 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. Dr. Kelly, do you have this McClain Exhibit 12 P5 in your notebook? 13 A. I have a McClain Five. 14 Q. This exhibit, McClain Exhibit P5, was 15 referred to in Mr. McClain's video deposition yesterday 16 as a copy of a brochure that Mr. McClain had at 17 Westinghouse, Bloomington, and I'd appreciate it if you 18 could compare the cover of this brochure that 19 Mr. McClain had with the cover of Exhibit M219 that I've 20 just been discussing, the Monsanto brochure. It appears 21 to me to be the identical brochure, "The Proper Handling 22 of Aroclors and Their Mixtures in the Electrical 23 Industry," P. G. Benignus, revised, January 1960. Can 24 you compare those two covers and tell me whether they 25 appear to be identical? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3610 604 1 A. Yes, yes, they seem to be identical. 2 Q. Except for the handwriting? 3 A. Yes. 4 Q. And the McClain exhibit, if you'll turn to 5 page 99, chapter 12 on dermatology and toxicology. 6 A. Yes. 7 Q. Has the identical section about capacitor 8 impregnations that we just read and had up here on the 9 demonstrative board. It says, "Capacitor impregnations 10 may be done." 11 A. Yes. 12 Q. "At temperatures ashigh as 266 degrees 13 Fahrenheit." 14 A. Yes, that's the same as the one we just 15 read. 16 Q. It talks about the exhaust ventilation that 17 should be applied to prohibit it from entering the room 18 when you open the capacitor impregnating chamber? 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please identify 21 Exhibit M222 for the record? 22 A. Yes, that was the exhibit, that is a 23 technical bulletin from Monsanto on the Aroclor 24 polychlorinated biphenyls. 25 Q. That's PCBs. Is that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3611 605 1 A. Yes. I want to see if there are other 2 things included in it. 3 Q. Well, I'm really only interested in the 4 PCBs, but take your time if you'd like to look through 5 it. Would you look for the date of the brochure? If 6 you'd look on the last page, it looks to me like it says 7 April 1966 in the date code. That's on page 24. There. 8 Can you confirm that that date appears to be 4?66? I 9 know the print isn't very good. 10 A. That's pretty hard for me to read it 11 frankly. 12 MR. MURRAY: Where are you? 13 A. Yes, I can confirm it. 14 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Page 22 of this Monsanto 15 technical bulletin for PCBs. Exhibit M222 has a chapter 16 on dermatology and toxicology. Is that correct? 17 A. Wait till I find it. Which page? 18 Q. Page 22. 19 A. Yes, I found it. 20 Q. If you could turn to page 23, it talks 21 about safe handling. Is that correct? 22 A. Yes, it does. 23 Q. Could you look at the first paragraph, 24 please, of the safe handling chapter? Tell me if I'm 25 reading this accurately. "Vapors of the Aroclor liquids Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13612 606 1 at room temperature should not be breathed in a confined 2 space. Vapors evolved at elevated temperatures should 3 not be allowed to be dispersed into the general work 4 room. Instead, engineering control must be applied to 5 reduce vapor concentrations below the allowable 6 concentrations mentioned above," and that's the TLVs 7 discussed on the previous page." Is thatcorrect? 8 A. Yes. 9 Q. And then it says, "Continuous or repeated 10 skin contact with Aroclor must be avoided by the use of 11 gloves and protective garments. If any Aroclor is 12 spilled on the skin, the skin should be washed in the 13 usual manner with a soap solution." Is that correct? 14 A. That's correct. 15 Q. Dr. Kelly, during the time that you were 16 Monsanto's medical director, did you have a philosophy 17 or goal that you followed in writing the safe handling 18 instructions of the types in these customer brochures 19 that we've been describing? 20 A. Did I have a philosophy? 21 Q. Yes. 22 A. Yes, the philosophy was to be succinct, to 23 not put any extraneous material in there, make it short 24 so the person could read it and remember it. 25 Q. By being succinct, you mean not to use too Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3613 1 many words? 607 2 A. That's correct. 3 Q. To keep it clearandsimple; is that 4 correct? 5 A. Yes, and short. 6 Q. Dr. Kelly, at the time youretired from 7 Monsanto in December of 1974, did you have an opinion to 8 a reasonable degree of medical certainty whether if the 9 safe handling instructions were followed in relation to 10 PCBs such as those that we have just discussed in these 11 brochures including Exhibit M219, that the products 12 could be used without any ill effect? 13 MR. MURRAY: Excuse me, Your Honor. May we 14 approach the bench? 15 THE COURT: Yes, you may. 16 (At this time there was a discussion held at the 17 bench.) 18 THE COURT: You may proceed. 19 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Thank you. Dr. Kelly, at 20 the time you retired from Monsanto in December of 1974, 21 did you have an opinion to a reasonable degree of 22 medical certainty whether the safe handling instructions 23 contained in Exhibit 219 were sufficient to prevent 24 against harm if they were followed by Monsanto workers? 25 A. Yes. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13614 608 1 Q. And what was that opinion? 2 A. That if you followed the instructions, you 3 would get no problems. 4 Q. Okay. 5 A. You said I retired in November. 6 Q. November 1974; is that correct? 7 A. That's correct. I thought you said 8 December. It was November. 9 Q. If I misspoke, I'm sorry. It was November. 10 And what's the basis of that opinion, Dr. Kelly? 11 A. Well, the basis was that we had absolutely 12 no complaints from or conditions of our workers. We had 13 no reports of any injuries in the literature, and 14 talking to the medical directors of the largest, two 15 largest users, GE and Westinghouse, they stated they had 16 no problems. 17 Q. Dr. Kelly, at the time of your retirement 18 from Monsanto in December of 1974, did you have an 19 opinion to a reasonable degree of medical certainty 20 concerning the toxicity of PCBs in relation to human 21 health? 22 MR. MURRAY: Your Honor, excuse me. 23 A. You misspoke again, Ms. Rutter. 24 MR. MURRAY: It's the same issue, Your 25 Honor. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3615 609 1 THE COURT: The objection will be 2 sustained. 3 MS. RUTTER: May we approach the bench, 4 Your Honor? 5 THE COURT: Sure. 6 (At this time there was a discussion held at the 7 bench.) 8 THE COURT: Doctor, she said December 9 again, didn't she? 10 THE WITNESS: Pardon me? 11 THE COURT: She said December again. It's 12 actually November. 13 THE WITNESS: It was November. 14 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Doctor, I apologize. You 15 retired in November 1994. I'll try to remember that. 16 Dr. Kelly, as Monsanto's medical director, it was part 17 of your job to look after the health of Monsanto 18 workers. Is that correct? 19 A. Your voice failed me again. 20 Q. I'm sorry. As Monsanto's medical director, 21 it was part of your job to be concerned about the health 22 and safety of Monsanto workers. Is that correct? 23 A. That's correct. 24 Q. While you were Monsanto's medical director 25 through November of 1974 when you retired, what was your Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13616 610 1 opinion about the toxicity of Monsanto PCBs in relation 2 to Monsanto workers? 3 A. I considered them to be a mild to moderate 4 industrial, a mild to moderate industrial toxicity for a 5 industrial chemical. We had absolutely zero problems 6 with our workers from the time I came with Monsanto in 7 '36 until I retired in '74. 8 Q. At the time of your retirement in November 9 1974, was there anything in the scientific or medical 10 literature that even suggested that PCBs caused cancer 11 in humans? 12 A. No, there was not. 13 Q. Now, you know who Dr. Renate Kimbrough is. 14 Is that correct? 15 A. Yes, I do. 16 Q. Could you explain Dr. Kimbrough's 17 credentials to the jury, please? 18 A. Her credentials? 19 Q. Yes. 20 A. She was a pathologist, I believe, by trade, 21 but she went with the government in one ofthose, 22 either ?? It was before EPA. She was down at the 23 research triangle in North Carolina, I believe, where 24 she did not only toxicology, she did some epidemiology, 25 and she was a well?respected individual. We disagreed Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3617 611 1 with her at some point that as far as her interpretation 2 of 1260 was concerned, some tests she did on 1260, but 3 she had a very good reputation in good standing in the 4 United States scientific community. 5 Q. Now, Dr. Kimbrough is a scientist who found 6 some liver cancer in rats that were fed high doses of 7 Aroclor 1260 for their lifetime. Is that correct? 8 A. That's correct, in females. 9 Q. In female rats. I believe it was female 10 Sherman stream rats. Is that correct? 11 A. That is correct. 12 Q. But that study by Dr. Kimbrough finding the 13 liver, I believe the term is hepatomas? 14 A. Yes. 15 Q. In rats that were fed high doses of Aroclor 16 1260 over their lifetime wasn't published until after 17 you retired. Is that correct? 18 A. That is correct. 19 Q. Dr. Kimbrough'sfindings were published in 20 about 1975? 21 A. That's correct. 22 Q. Now, at the time of yourretirement from 23 Monsanto in November of 1974, did you hold an opinion to 24 a reasonable degree of medical certainty whether PCBs 25 caused the cancer in humans? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3618 612 1 MR. MURRAY: Your Honor? 2 THE COURT: Objection will be sustained. 3 THE WITNESS: Was there an objection? 4 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Yes, there was an 5 objection, and it was sustained, so we'll move along. 6 Dr. Kelly, while you were Monsanto's medical director, 7 you were aware that overexposure to PCBs could cause 8 chloracne. Is that correct? 9 A. That is correct. 10 Q. Can you describe to the jury any instances 11 where you learned that customers of Monsanto had had 12 chloracne? 13 A. I remember one. It was a thermometer 14 company up in someplace (inaudible), but it was pretty 15 early in my career, and I went up to see them because I 16 hadn't had much experience with chloracne, something 17 done with PCBs. 18 So I found that these people were making a 19 sort of a bell's type thermometer for ovens or something 20 like that. It was sort of a (inaudible) it was a pouch 21 that they filled with PCBs. So they filled it up by 22 taking it in their hands, including this pouch with 23 liquid. I don't know which one it was, liquid PCBs, and 24 they developed chloracne. I said, "Can't you get some 25 sort of a gimmick that keeps their hands out of the oven Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3619 613 1 and dip them in with forceps or something?" 2 So they did and it was pretty obvious, and 3 that was it. They had no other symptoms of the 4 chloracne (inaudible). That was about the only case 5 that was not in the electrical industry of chloracne 6 that I saw with PCBs to the best of my recollection. 7 Q. And that was pre?World War II. Is that 8 correct? 9 A. That's correct. 10 Q. And Dr. Kelly, could you please find 11 Exhibit M14 in your notebook? 12 A. Beg your pardon? 13 Q. M14. It's a letter from Elmer Wheeler of 14 Monsanto to Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse. 15 A. Yes. 16 Q. On October 23rd, 1959, looking atExhibit 17 M14 which is a letter from Elmer Wheeler of Monsanto to 18 Wilbur Speicher of Westinghouse, on page two of that 19 letter, Mr. Wheeler of Monsanto described to 20 Mr. Speicher of Westinghouse that chloracne incident 21 that you just told the jury about. Is that correct? 22 A. That is correct. 23 Q. And specifically, what Mr.Wheeler of 24 Monsanto told Wilbur Speicher, the Westinghouse 25 industrial hygienist, in 1959 was, "A second case of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3620 614 1 mild chloracne," and we'll get to the first in a minute, 2 "About which we have any knowledge resulted from workmen 3 dipping their hands in the liquid Aroclor as if it were 4 mineral oil or vegetable oil. In addition, their 5 clothing sooner or later became impregnated with the 6 material and, thus, exposure was magnified." 7 A. That's correct. 8 Q. I read that correctly? 9 A. Yes. 10 Q. So in 1959, Mr. Wheeler told Mr. Speicher 11 that workmen dipping their hands into Aroclor as if it 12 were mineral oil or vegetable oil had produced 13 chloracne. Is that correct? 14 A. That was correct. 15 Q. Now, Dr. Kelly, the Meigs' article that was 16 published in JAMA, that's the Journal of the American 17 Medical Association? 18 A. Yes. 19 Q. That publication occurred in, is it 1954? 20 A. I'm not sure about the dates. 21 Q. It was either ?? It was in 1954 or 1955 22 time frame? 23 A. That's correct. 24 Q. And if you'll look inthis, if you'll turn 25 to page one of Exhibit M14, Mr. Speicher's October 23rd Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3621 615 1 or ?? excuse me ?? Mr. Wheeler's October 23rd, 1959 2 letter to Mr. Speicher, Mr. Wheeler tells Westinghouse 3 in this 1959 letter about the Meigs incident, does he 4 not? 5 A. Yes, he does. 6 Q. And that's the first case of the chloracne 7 that he is referring to in this letter? 8 A. That's correct. 9 Q. Now, actually Mr. Wheeler had transposed 10 the dates. As I understand it, the people dipping their 11 hands into the liquid PCBs was before World War II? 12 A. That was in the '30s, yes. 13 Q. Right. And specifically, Mr. Wheeler said 14 to Mr. Speicher in 1959, "I know of only two cases where 15 such experiences chloracne has developed during the long 16 history of production and use of the Aroclors. In one 17 case, an Aroclor was being used as a heat transfer 18 medium in a system that allowed vapors to escape when 19 the material was heated to 600 degrees Fahrenheit," and 20 then he goes on and describes what happened to the 21 workmen. Is that correct? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. Now, Dr. Kelly, based on the work of 24 Dr. Drinker and Dr. Treon, it was ?? you knew, did you 25 not, when you were Monsanto's medical director that Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3622 616 1 there was the potential for injury to the liver if there 2 was overexposure to PCBs. Is that correct? 3 A. Yes, that's correct. 4 Q. There are a number of chemicals that damage 5 the liver. Is that correct? 6 A. Oh, yes. 7 Q. And PCB is only one of them? 8 A. That's correct. 9 Q. So it's common in an industrial work place 10 to be concerned about the potential for liver injury due 11 to working with industrial chemicals? 12 A. That is correct. 13 Q. Okay. Now, liver injury as we saw and it 14 was discussed, liver injury could be fatal if it 15 progresses far enough. Is that correct? 16 A. Oh, yes, that's correct. 17 Q. And that's the deaths due to chlorinated 18 naphthalene that we discussed in the Greenberg article? 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. Now, while you were Monsanto's medical 21 director, did you become aware of any deaths caused by 22 exposures to PCBs? 23 A. No, I did not. 24 Q. In response to some questionsthat 25 Mr. Murray asked you, you mentioned several times that Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3623 617 1 you recall about a handful or less of customer?reported 2 incidents with PCBs. Did you follow up when a customer 3 called? 4 A. Yes, I did. 5 Q. Well, first of all, what was Monsanto's 6 procedure while you were the medical director if a 7 customer of Monsanto had a problem or some questions 8 with the toxicity and safe handling of the product? 9 A. Well, let's take a for instance. Suppose 10 somebody at the Detroit sales office had a customer of 11 Ford and Ford said, "What is the problem? Are there any 12 problems with X compound or PCBs when Ford used them?" 13 He would say, "I'll get in touch with our medical 14 department and ask. You'll get an answer from them." 15 Of course, he would say, he would say, "Well, we've used 16 it so and so long and I don't know anything about it, 17 any injuries, but I'll get in touch." 18 If a customer wrote in and said, or called 19 and said, "We have a man who is sick, he's been exposed 20 to PCBs, here is what happened," that call would be 21 referred to me, and I'd talk to them. That occurred in 22 about three or four cases that I know of and mostly heat 23 transfer applications of which there were leaks and 24 there was a jury?rigged, a jury?rigged installation or 25 temporary installation that wasn't welded or something Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3624 618 1 like that, and I would talk to them. 2 And I remember one that said these people 3 were exposed and they were nauseated, and I said, "Well, 4 watch them because they're liable to get some jaundice, 5 and keep in touch with me." So two weeks later 6 (inaudible) they did get jaundice and they were 7 hospitalized, and they're doing okay. So all inquiries, 8 complaints and reports about injuries to Monsanto 9 products were referred to and answered by the medical 10 department. 11 Q. Did you do something to make sure that that 12 occurred while you were medical director? 13 A. Well, I don't know what you mean by do 14 something. It was a directive from executive committee, 15 and the people were very ?? out in the field were very 16 happy to buck it over to me. 17 Q. Okay. So you're sayingthatMonsanto 18 management issued a directive that any questions from 19 customers about the toxicity or safe handling of a 20 Monsanto product or a problem with the Monsanto product 21 would be directed to the medical department? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. And that was a directiveissued by 24 Monsanto's top management? 25 A. Yes, it was. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3625 619 1 Q. Okay. You described that from the handful 2 of customer complaints about PCBs, you remember an 3 incident where there was a heat transfer system that was 4 leaking? 5 A. Well, the Meigs' article was a heat 6 transfer leaking. There were other, two others that I 7 know of where chloracne did not develop, but acute 8 hepatitis occurred which is, hepatitis is a chemical 9 inflammation of the liver occurred. There were ?? but 10 there were no fatalities, and there was three days, 11 approximately three days of inhalation of these fumes at 12 elevated temperatures, quite elevated. 13 Q. Are you talking about an incident that a 14 Dr. Spolier reported to you in Brazil, Indiana? 15 A. He was one of the ?? Spolier was industrial 16 physician for the State of Indiana, I believe, and he 17 had ?? I had the article. It was published in, I 18 thought it was Indiana State Medical Journal which is 19 something that I don't usually read, but I must have 20 seen an abstract of it because I called him up and said, 21 "What goes on with this?" He explained how there was a 22 leaking heat transfer apparatus and these people did 23 develop the chemical hepatitis, but that was to be 24 expected if you breathe a PCB for a prolonged period of 25 time at elevated temperatures, but they, it was Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3626 620 1 relatively mild because I checked with them a month 2 later, and the people were well. 3 Q. Did Monsanto PCB workers ever have problems 4 with chloracne or liver problems caused ?? 5 A. Beg your pardon? 6 Q. Did Monsanto PCB workers ever have problems 7 with chloracne or liver problems due to exposure to 8 PCBs? 9 A. They did not. 10 Q. Now, Swann Chemical Company, Monsanto's 11 predecessor, had some chloracne in its workers. Is that 12 correct? 13 A. Yes, they did, that's correct. 14 Q. But that was investigated and was found to 15 be due to exposure to a, it was a bad off spec batch of 16 one of the ingredients of the PCB. Is that correct? 17 A. Well, let me go into this a little bit. 18 Swann manufactured PCBs from the '30s on. In 1935 they 19 developed, they've changed their supplier who was 20 supplying them benzene to a new supplier. After six 21 months they developed chloracne of rather sizable 22 proportions in about 14 or 15 cases. 23 They sent these people to a dermatologist 24 in Atlanta, and they sent the material to a 25 toxicologist, Frederick Flynn in New York. He ?? This Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3627 621 1 is all before Monsanto, so I knew nothing about it till 2 after about six months at Monsanto. 3 They never came up with any problem, any 4 definite reason with the exception that they had 5 believed that the specimen, that the benzene was off 6 specification. It was also off specification as far as 7 the dielectric capacity of the finished material was 8 concerned. 9 In fact, it turned out to be a different 10 color than their usual Aroclors. I don't know why they 11 sold them, but they did. That's Swann, not Monsanto. 12 So they changed the benzene back to their old supplier 13 and the condition faded, and there was no problem 14 afterwards. 15 We took over Swann in, gosh, I guess late 16 '36 or eight months after all this happened. I went to 17 see Swann. I went to see the Monsanto plant. We kept 18 on manufacturing the PCBs. I went there in '37 at least 19 and saw some of the workers just in passing, and they 20 were not completely healed. They had some scars, but 21 they had no eminence of recurrence of the chloracne. 22 That was it. 23 Q. And what I think I heard you say is you, 24 Swann had one benzene supplier. Benzene is a component 25 that goes into the manufacture of PCBs. Is that Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3628 1 correct? 622 2 A. That's right. 3 Q. And at the time of the Swannchloracne 4 incident, Swann had tried switching over to a different 5 supplier of benzene? 6 A. That's correct. 7 Q. And the belief was that the second source 8 of benzene had supplied an inferior or an off 9 specification product. Is that correct? 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. And so Swann switched back to its regular 12 supplier of benzene, and after that they didn't have any 13 more problems with chloracne? 14 A. That's correct. 15 Q. Is that correct? 16 A. That's correct. 17 Q. Now, you as Monsanto's medical director 18 visited Monsanto's two plants that manufactured PCBs 19 from time to time, did you not? 20 A. Yes, I did. 21 Q. How frequently ?? and that was the 22 Krummrich plant that's across the river here and the 23 plant in Anniston, Alabama. Is that correct? 24 A. That's correct. 25 Q. How often did you visit thoseplants? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3629 623 1 A. Gosh, at least yearly. 2 Q. And did both of those plants have plant 3 physicians who were experienced occupational physicians? 4 A. Yes, they did. One had Dr. Morton who is 5 dead, and the other had two part?time physicians, 6 Dr. Ellis. They were brothers and did just occupational 7 medicine. 8 Q. Okay. And you did spot checks of 9 employees' medical records? 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. During those plant visits? 12 A. That's correct. 13 Q. And you are confident, are you not, that 14 the Monsanto PCB workers never had any chloracne or 15 liver problems due to exposure to PCBs? 16 A. I'm completely confident they did not have 17 any PC ?? any chloracne. 18 Q. Now, Dr. Kelly, you also kept track of the 19 number of cancers occurring in Monsanto employees. Is 20 that correct? 21 A. Well, let me tell you what we did. We had 22 what we call a cancer index, and at first about 95 23 percent of the wage role employees had Monsanto group 24 insurance, so we took the, had someone who handled the 25 group insurance make a note of what, any time any Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3630 624 1 retiree was covered by insurance or active worker 2 developed cancer, that would be noted as well as the 3 department they worked in. 4 After a few ?? That started in ?? I'm not 5 sure if it started in before the war or in the first 6 part after I came back. I think it was probably in the 7 early '40s. After a while, after, just about after, in 8 the '40s, Monsanto insured all workers, and there was 9 none noncontributory. So all the wage role employees 10 and the hourly, and the salaried people were covered. 11 So we had a record then of all the people 12 who had had medical conditions. We made a, kept a 13 running log of these cases, and I had looked it over 14 about every quarter or something like that to see if 15 there was any group to have tumors of cancers in any 16 particular department or any particular plant, and I 17 found none. After all ?? 18 Q. You found none in the PCB workers. Is that 19 correct? 20 A. Beg your pardon? 21 Q. You found no unusual occurrences of cancers 22 in the PCB workers. Is that correct? 23 A. That's correct. Of course, everybody is 24 going to die of something, and about 30 percent or 33 25 percent will die of cancer. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3631 625 1 Q. Dr. Kelly, I have another notebook for you. 2 A. Yes. 3 Q. Let me trade here. Let's put this one 4 down. 5 THE COURT: What volume? 6 MS. RUTTER: It's volume two, Your Honor, 7 and let me give Mr. Murray. 8 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Dr. Kelly, I'm handing you 9 a notebook, and I need to read these exhibit numbers 10 into the record. This contains Monsanto Exhibits M271, 11 276 through 282, M284, 286, M260, M263 through 270, M272 12 through 275 and M287 to 306, and I asked you to look at 13 this note, take a look at this notebook yesterday to 14 sort of speed things up here in court. Is that correct? 15 A. That's correct. 16 Q. And this is a booklet that contains acute 17 toxicity tests on PCBs by the Younger Labs and 18 Scientific Associates ?? those were laboratories here in 19 St. Louis ?? between 1951 and 1967. Is that correct? 20 A. That's correct. 21 Q. And specifically I think Exhibit M260, if 22 you'll turn to that, is dated 1951, and Exhibit M305 and 23 306 is dated 1967. Would you take a moment to confirm 24 that, please? 25 A. Which are the numbers again? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3632 626 1 Q. M260 should reflect a date in 1951. 2 A. M260 is the date of April the 17th, 1951, 3 and what's the number on the second one? 4 Q. And then we're trying to get the end range 5 of dates. You can look at either M305 or M306. 6 A. M305 is dated October the 13th, 1967. 7 Q. Let's turn to Exhibit M279, please. 8 A. Yes. 9 Q. M279 is a Younger Laboratories' certificate 10 of analysis dated June 19th, 1962. Is that correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. And the subject is the toxicological 13 investigation of Aroclor 1242. Is that correct? 14 A. That's correct. 15 Q. And it describes a test procedure on 16 feeding Aroclor 1242 to rats and skin absorption tests 17 in rabbits. Is that correct? 18 A. That's correct. 19 Q. And Exhibit M278 is a Younger Laboratories' 20 certificate of analysis dated, looks like it's June 21 15th, 1962 on Aroclor 1248. Is that correct? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. And once again, that is animal feeding 24 studies, and they did skin absorption tests on rabbits. 25 Is that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3633 627 1 A. That's correct. 2 Q. Now, some of these acute toxicity tests in 3 this folder refer to PCBs by the Aroclor name like 4 Aroclor 1242. We just discussed that one. 5 A. Yes. 6 Q. 1248. I think there's one on 1260 and 1254 7 in here. Is that correct? 8 A. That's correct. 9 Q. Now, there are also a lot of these toxicity 10 studies that relate to Pydrauls. Is that correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. And those were PCB?containing products? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. But here 30 years later,you'reconfident 15 that these were tests on products that contained PCBs 16 even though you don't remember the exact product 17 composition? 18 A. That's correct. 19 Q. You remember that Pydraul 150 had about 25 20 percent PCBs? 21 A. That's correct. 22 Q. And when you went through this notebook at 23 a break yesterday, you picked out three exhibits in here 24 that you said you couldn't identify for sure as being 25 PCB tests? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3634 628 1 A. That's correct. 2 Q. And I'll call those out so there's no 3 confusion. We're excluding M285, M266, M267 and M288. 4 Is that correct? 5 A. That's correct. 6 Q. But with the exception of those four 7 numbers, this notebook contains the toxicity testing 8 that was done on PCBs including Aroclor 1242 and a 9 number of other PCB?containing products done by Monsanto 10 or at Monsanto's request between 1951 and 1967. Is that 11 correct? 12 A. That's correct. 13 Q. I'm through with thatnotebook for now. 14 Dr. Kelly, I'd like to turn back for a moment to some of 15 the internal memos of Monsanto's affiliate in London 16 that Mr. Murray discussed with you yesterday, and 17 specifically I'm going to hand you Plaintiff's Exhibit 18 P12. P12 is a memo apparently from Monsanto, London. 19 What was the name of the Monsanto affiliate in London? 20 A. Monsanto Chemicals, Limited. 21 Q. That's different than MonsantoCompany? 22 A. Yes. 23 Q. Okay. And this is a memo dated August 24 19th, 1955 to J. W. Barrett from a E. E. Hardy, and 25 those were both employees of Monsanto Chemicals, Limited Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3635 1 in London. Is that correct? 629 2 A. That's correct. 3 Q. It appears to mefromreviewing this memo 4 dated August 19th, 1955 that the people in London, 5 Mr. Hardy and Mr. Barrett, were considering the 6 potential for putting PCBs in ordinary household paint. 7 Is that correct? 8 A. That's correct. 9 Q. And if you'll look here at this last 10 paragraph on page two, it refers to their considering 11 putting Aroclors in ordinary paint. Is that correct? 12 A. That's correct. 13 Q. It's the kind of paints that you or I could 14 go to the Sherwin Williams store or the Porter Paint 15 store and buy? 16 A. That's right. 17 Q. Now, Monsanto in the UnitedStates had in 18 some limited applications, I think there were some PCBs 19 on the stripes in the paint that gets painted down the 20 highway? 21 A. It was for industrial use. It was not for 22 consumer use at all. 23 Q. Because in industrythere areindustrial 24 hygienists and you can measure the concentrations of 25 PCBs in the air. Is that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3636 1 A. That's right. 630 2 Q. Whereas if you sell it to people in a 3 house, the concern is going to be how are you going to 4 know how much is in the air and what are they, what if 5 they go into a closet or an attic and that type of 6 thing? 7 A. That's correct. 8 Q. And in this memo, Mr. Hardy even mentioned, 9 "If we're really considering it for this application, 10 certainly we must say that these paints must not be used 11 on hot surfaces such as radiators and hot water pipes." 12 Is that correct? 13 A. That's what he says, yes. 14 MR. MURRAY: I'm sorry. What was the 15 exhibit number? 16 MS. RUTTER: P12. 17 (Whereupon, an off the record discussion was held.) 18 MR. MURRAY: I know that's not the right 19 number on the exhibits. 20 MS. RUTTER: We'll straighten out the 21 exhibit number for the record. 22 MR. MURRAY: Go ahead. I don't want to 23 interrupt. 24 A. Beg your pardon? 25 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) We're having a discussion Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3637 631 1 about the exhibit number which we'll straighten out 2 later. For the record, we're definitely talking about a 3 memo dated August 19th, 1955. 4 MR. MURRAY: The specific date was August 5 19th? 6 THE COURT: The exhibit number is 257? 7 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) 257. Now, this memo which 8 we're now calling Exhibit 257 states in the second 9 paragraph, "The people in London were looking at the 10 Treon reports which they" ?? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. "Which they had obtained fromMonsanto in 13 the United States." Is that correct? 14 A. That is correct. 15 Q. And they were talking about in London, they 16 were talking about using Aroclor 1254 in an application. 17 Is that correct? 18 A. Oh, I see. 19 Q. They're discussing the Treon results? 20 A. Yes, yes. 21 Q. In relation to Aroclor 1254? 22 A. They're talking about 1254. 23 Q. And they note and mention in passing that 24 these Treon tests gave negative results with 1242. Is 25 that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3638 1 A. Yes. 632 2 Q. In fact, Dr. Treon tested the test animals, 3 and it was several different species at varying levels 4 of exposure with Aroclor 1242, and he found no effects 5 using Aroclor 1242. Is that correct? 6 A. That's right. 7 Q. I'm going to try to find my exhibithere, 8 the Treon 1956 American Industrial Hygiene Quarterly. 9 It's M235. I have it. 10 THE COURT: 235, did you say? 11 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Yes. First of all, let's 12 turn to the very last page of this published Treon 13 report. It came out in 1956. On page 213 of Exhibit 14 M235, do you see where it says "Summary"? 15 A. Yes. 16 Q. Please followalong with me and tell me 17 whether I've read this correctly. "Prolonged 18 intermittent exposure of animals to the vapor of Aroclor 19 1242," and then it lists the levels at which they were 20 exposed, "Demonstrated no injury." Is that correct? 21 A. That's correct. 22 Q. They use several different species in these 23 studies, did they not? 24 A. They used a mixed bag of animals, yes. 25 Q. And in fact, on page 205 they describe what Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3639 633 1 those animals were if you'll turn here to the second 2 column. 3 A. Yes. 4 Q. "In all experiments, theperiod of exposure 5 or confinement was seven hours per day on five days per 6 week for several weeks," and it discusses cats, guinea 7 pigs, mice, rabbits and rats. Is that correct? 8 A. That's correct. 9 Q. And if you'll turn to page207 and 208, I'm 10 looking at the text that occurs right here in the second 11 column. It says that they exposed the test animals to 12 the vapors of Aroclor 1242 for seven hours a day on 150 13 days over a period of 214 days. So as I understand it, 14 214 days is about seven months. Is that correct? 15 A. That's correct. 16 Q. But they were only exposing theanimals to 17 the vapors five days a week instead of seven days a 18 week? 19 A. That's right. 20 Q. So the animals were exposed for five 21 months. Is that correct? 22 A. Well, yes, when you look at it that way. 23 Q. Right. You'd have 150? 24 A. Yes. 25 Q. 150 days, and if you divide that by 30, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3640 1 that's about five months? 634 2 A. They were exposed to the period of five 3 months over seven months. 4 Q. Right. And in fact, Dr. Treon describes 5 this as a seven?month study in several places? 6 A. Yeah. 7 Q. It took them seven months to expose the 8 animals. Now, the highest level exposure was 8.6 9 milligrams per cubic meter. Is that correct? 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. And that's the same thing as 8.6 micrograms 12 per liter? 13 A. Yes. 14 Q. But I'm going to stick with milligramsper 15 cubic meter because if I'm ?? 16 A. That's correct. 17 Q. ?? capable of understanding anything, I can 18 understand that. And if you look at the second column 19 on page 212 ?? or excuse me. That's page 206. I'll 20 come back to that cite in a minute. On page 207, they 21 talk about the concentrations at one level. I don't 22 think I'm going to go over the intricacies of all the 23 test procedures, but Dr. Treon concluded, he looked at 24 the animals at several exposure levels ranging from 1.9 25 milligrams per cubic meter to 8.63 milligrams per cubic Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3641 635 1 meter, and he concluded that with Aroclor 1242, the 2 animals demonstrated no injury. Is that correct? 3 A. That's correct. 4 Q. Now, you look at page 212 of this exhibit, 5 M235, here in this second column, Dr. Treon is talking 6 about the Aroclor 1242 tests, and he makes his 7 recommendation that the allowable concentration of the 8 vapor of Aroclor 1242 should be at least two micrograms 9 per liter for two milligrams per cubic meter. Is that 10 correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. And then he points out in this article 13 that's published in the Industrial Hygiene Journal, "I 14 want you to know that this is twice the level that is 15 recommended by the American Conference of Governmental 16 Hygienists." Is that correct? 17 A. That's correct. 18 Q. So he was alerting people to the fact that 19 this was his opinion based on his experiments, but that 20 the American Conference of Governmental Hygienists were 21 a little more conservative. Is that correct? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. And it says that right here in this 24 published article? 25 A. That's what hesays. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3642 636 1 Q. Now, Dr. Treon found no effects in the test 2 animals with Aroclor 1242 at concentrations of heated 3 vapor as high as 8.63 milligrams per cubic meter. Is 4 that correct? 5 A. Yes, that's true. 6 Q. Now, Mr. Murray has been discussing tenfold 7 safety factors that they apparently looked at in 8 England. Is that correct? 9 A. That's what he was, Mr. Murray was stating. 10 Q. Since there was no effect in Dr. Treon's 11 experimental animals with 1242, Dr. Treon's 12 recommendation of two milligrams per cubic meter is 13 building in a safety factor of four, is it not? 14 A. Yes. 15 Q. But the American Conference ofIndustrial 16 Hygienists said that the threshold limit value or safe 17 level for Aroclor 1242 should be one milligram per cubic 18 meter. Is that correct? 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. So based on the no effect level of 8.63 21 milligrams per cubic meter for Aroclor 1242 found by 22 Dr. Treon, the American Conference of Industrial 23 Governmental Hygienists built in a safety factor of 24 almost nine times. Isn't that correct? 25 A. That's correct. As I havetold Mr. Murray, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3643 637 1 that they viewed actual work experience just as well as 2 the laboratory testing on animals. 3 Q. Let me see if I can find Plaintiff's 4 Exhibit 146 that Mr. Murray discussed with you. Now, 5 Dr. Kelly, Monsanto never recommended the use of PCBs in 6 household paint in the United States, did they? 7 A. That is correct. 8 Q. And in London apparently they were 9 considering it, but you don't know if it ever happened? 10 A. I don't know if it ever happened or if they 11 were using it at any time. 12 Q. But ?? 13 A. They were certainly talking about it. 14 Q. And this is the context for the 15 correspondence that occurred involving Mr. Barrett and 16 Mr. Hardy and you about the Treon studies. Is that 17 correct? 18 A. That's correct. 19 Q. And instead of, they were focusing on 20 Dr. Treon's report about Aroclor 1254? 21 A. Yes. 22 Q. And that's a different PCB from the Aroclor 23 1242 that we've been discussing? 24 A. That is correct. 25 Q. And as I understand it, the people at Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3644 638 1 Monsanto London were saying yes, we're thinking about 2 this new potential application. I wonder if we ought to 3 do more toxicology work. Is that correct? 4 A. Well, I guess that's what you could ?? I'm 5 not sure from reading this letter whether they were 6 already using it or talking about using it. 7 Q. Okay. And you responded in your letter 8 dated September 20th, 1955 that Mr. Murray has talked 9 about we've just did this extensive testing at the Treon 10 labs. Is that correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. You said, you know, we spent $20,000 on 13 state?of?the?art tests at the Treon labs. Is that 14 correct? 15 A. That's correct. 16 Q. And what you said is I believe your work 17 should be directed towards finding out what the 18 concentrations of Aroclors are during the operations 19 regardless of whether it's industrial or painting. Is 20 that correct? 21 A. That's correct. 22 Q. Because they had written you a letter 23 saying we don't know what the concentrations are going 24 to be in the household when it's used in paint, if it 25 is. Is that correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3645 639 1 A. I don't know if they said that, but I think 2 they inferred that or I said it to them. They certainly 3 weren't going to go around checking on somebody that 4 bought a can of paint at English Wal?Marts that painted 5 a bedroom with it. 6 Q. But so you wrote them this letter back 7 saying we've done the toxicity testing. We know what 8 the safe levels are. What you need to focus on is what 9 are the concentrations going to be if you put it into a 10 consumer use. Is that correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please identify 13 Exhibit, find and identify Exhibit 481 for the record? 14 Actually I may have to get you a different notebook. 15 Your Honor, that's in notebook volume four. 16 A. Same as this. 17 Q. I'm going to move these out of the way 18 here. Exhibit 481 is an article by Dr. Renate 19 Kimbrough. Is that correct? 20 A. Yeah,that's correct. 21 Q. And this is ?? It's published in 1987 in 22 the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. Is 23 that correct? 24 A. That is correct. 25 Q. Is that a peer review journal? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3646 640 1 A. Yes, it is. 2 Q. What's a peer review journal, just briefly? 3 A. It means that before you have an article 4 published in a scientific journal, you send a proposed 5 draft to the editor. He sends it around to a group of 6 individuals whom the editor thinks is pretty 7 knowledgeable about the same problem. They're his peers 8 or his equals in the scientific community, and if they 9 say ?? they either try to pick holes in them or they 10 say, well, this looks like it's pretty good stuff, it's 11 pretty accurate, so that it's published. In other 12 journals, and these are really the smaller ones like the 13 Missouri Medical Journal or something like that, that 14 you send an article in, if the editor likes it, he 15 publishes it. 16 Q. Now, this is the same Dr. Renate Kimbrough 17 who published an article in 1975 saying that she had 18 found liver hepatomas in the livers of female rats fed 19 high doses of Aroclor 1260 over their lifetime. Is that 20 correct? 21 A. Did you say '75? 22 Q. Yes. You retired in November of '74. 23 A. '74, that's right. 24 Q. And her work was published in '75. Is that 25 correct? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3647 641 1 A. That's correct, that's correct. 2 Q. And if you'll turn to page 98 of this 1987 3 article by Dr. Kimbrough and look at the first sentence 4 in the second paragraph, it says, and tell me whether 5 I'm quoting this correctly ?? Have you found the spot. 6 Dr. Kelly? It's page 98. 7 A. Yes, I'm on it. 8 Q. It says, "No conclusive evidence thus far 9 reported shows that occupational exposure to PCBs causes 10 an increased incidence of cancer." Is that correct? 11 A. That's correct. 12 Q. And that's in 1987? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. The same Dr. Renate Kimbrough that found 15 liver hepatomas in rats testing with Aroclor 1260 in 16 1975? 17 A. That's correct. 18 Q. Dr. Kelly, could you please find Exhibit 19 M484 in your notebook? I think it's all the way at the 20 end of that same notebook. The last exhibit. 21 A. Yes, I have it. 22 Q. This is a 1994 article by the same 23 Dr. Renate Kimbrough, is it not? 24 A. Yes, it is. Yes, it is. 25 Q. Well, it says 1993,Massachusetts Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3648 642 1 Institutes of Technology on the inside page. 2 A. Yes. 3 Q. Could you please turn to page 224 of that 4 article? And this article that was published in a book 5 in either 1993 or 1994, Dr. Kimbrough at page 224 ?? 6 have you found the page? 7 A. Yes, I have. 8 Q. Has a conclusion about her feelings about 9 the human health effects of PCBs today. Is that 10 correct? If you look under the conclusion section. 11 A. Yes, yes, I see it. 12 Q. And do you see the paragraph that starts 13 out, "By contrast"? 14 A. Yes. 15 Q. She says, "Claims ofassociationbased on 16 epidemiologic studies of chronic health effects such as 17 cancer and trace exposure to environmental levels of 18 PCBs are unjustified. One highly chlorinated mixture of 19 PCBs does cause cancer in laboratory animals (see tables 20 91A and 91B), but at levels that vastly exceed any to 21 which the general population is exposed. People have 22 overreacted to possible hazards from PCBs at typical 23 environmental levels." Is that correct? 24 A. That's correct. 25 Q. And if you'll just tell me if I've read Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3649 643 1 this correctly. At the top of page 224. 2 A. Yes. 3 Q. Just followalong andsay whether I'm 4 reading this correctly. She says, "Sinks, et al., 1990, 5 reported a retrospective mortality study of workers at a 6 capacitor plant." Is that correct? 7 A. That's correct. 8 Q. And in skipping down a couple of sentences, 9 she talks about the study. She says, "For most of the 10 brain cancer cases, the investigators could not confirm 11 the diagnosis through medical records or pathology 12 reports." Is that correct? 13 A. That's correct. 14 Q. And then it's ??After she discusses that 15 study, that she comes down here and makes her conclusion 16 that claims of association based on epidemiologic 17 studies of chronic health effects such as cancer and 18 trace exposure to environmental levels of PCBs are 19 unjustified. Is that correct? 20 A. That's correct. 21 Q. Dr. Kelly, let me hand you ExhibitM35. 22 It's in volume four. 23 THE COURT: I'm sorry. M? 24 MS. RUTTER: M35. 25 THE COURT: M35? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3650 644 1 MR. MURRAY: I'm sorry? 2 MS. RUTTER: M3 5 . 3 MR. MURRAY: Is that one we offered? 4 MS. RUTTER: What? 5 MR. MURRAY: Is that one we offered? 6 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) Yeah. Dr. Kelly, I want to touch on this letter real briefly. A. All right. 9 Q. "PCBs were discovered in trace amounts in 10 the environment in the late 1960s." Is that correct? 11 A. That is correct. 12 Q. And this is a letter from Elmer Wheeler who 13 worked for you in the medical department at Westinghouse 14 Electric Corporation in Bloomington, Indiana. Is that 15 correct? 16 A. That is correct. 17 Q. And it's dated March 3rd, 1969? 18 A. Yes. 19 Q. And this letter from Mr. Wheeler is telling 20 Westinghouse about reports that are appearing about PCBs 21 in trace amounts in the environment. Is that correct? 22 A. That is correct. 23 Q. Dr. Kelly, have you heard of the 24 Environmental Defense Fund? 25 A. Have I heard of it? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3651 645 1 Q. Yes. 2 A. Yes, I'm generally familiar with it, but I 3 don't know too much details about it. 4 Q. Okay. Could you please find Exhibit P61 in 5 your notebook? 6 THE COURT: M61? 7 MS. RUTTER: I'm sorry. M61. 8 MR. MURRAY: Can we approach the bench, 9 Your Honor? 10 THE COURT: Ladies and gentlemen, if you'd 11 like to stand to stretch your legs, feel free to do 12 that. 13 (At this time there was a discussion held at the 14 bench.) 15 MS. RUTTER: I have no further questions at 16 this time, Dr. Kelly. Mr. Murray will have some more 17 for you. 18 THE WITNESS: I can't hear you. 19 MS. RUTTER: I have no further questions at 20 this time. Mr. Murray will have some for you, I 21 imagine. 22 THE COURT: Mr. Murray, at this time we're 23 going to take a break. You're going to have to return 24 after the break. Our break will be until 11:20, so 25 you're going to have to return to the witness stand at Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3652 646 1 which time Mr. Murray may have additional questions for 2 you. So you may step down at this time. 3 Ladies and gentleman, at this time we're 4 going to take our morning break. We're going to be at 5 recess until 11:20. Ladies and gentlemen, justice 6 requires that you not make up your mind about the case 7 until all of the evidence has been seen and heard. 8 You're not to discuss this case among yourselves, nor 9 are you to permit anyone to discuss the case in your 10 presence. Ladies and gentlemen, we're going to be in 11 temporary recess until 11:20. 12 (Whereupon, Ms. Irvin was replaced by Ms. Madison.) 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3653 647 1 THE COURT: Mr. Murray, you may proceed. 2 REDIRECT EXAMINATION 3 BY MR. MURRAY: 4 Q. (By Mr. Murray) Dr. Kelly, Ms. Rutter on 5 several occasions made various ?? 6 A. I'm sorry, I couldn't hear you. 7 Q. I'm sorry. On various occasions, Ms. Rutter 8 made distinctions between the types of Aroclors, 1242, 9 1254, 1260, and thereabouts. Isn't it true, Doctor, that 10 all of those various percentages in numbers that were 11 used are a blend of various percentages of chlorinated 12 diphenyls? 13 A. A blend of some of them, yes. The average 14 concentration is reflected by the 42 or 54. 15 Q. So the 42 percent may have some that have 16 higher chlorinated in them and lower chlorinated? 42 is 17 only a percentage, right? 18 A. That's correct. It's an average. 19 Q. And the same is true with the 54 and all of 20 the rest of them? 21 A. Yes, sir. 22 Q. I want to again refer you to the Hardy and 23 Garrett memos and the correspondence going back and forth 24 between yourselves and England. Ms. Rutter made some 25 comments about household paints. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3654 648 1 A. Yes. 2 Q. Do you see any mention at all in any of 3 those memos about household paints? 4 A. Yes, one of them right here, it says, 5 lustrex strength latex paint. 6 Q. That's not a household paint, is it, Mr. 7 Kelly? 8 A. Yes, it is. 9 Q. Dr. Kelly ?? 10 A. Yes. 11 Q. ?? the paint that they are mentioning in 12 there is a household paint? 13 A. The lustrex latex paint is a household 14 paint. 15 Q. Isn't it true that none of Monsanto's 16 products were ever used in paints that went into 17 households ? 18 A. None of them in the United States were used. 19 Whether or not England were using them or was talking 20 about using them or had used them, I can't be sure of it. 21 Q. How do you know that that paint that he's 22 referring to in there is a household paint? 23 A. Because I know by looking at the hardware 24 store that lustrex is a paint and it has latex on it, so 25 it's a household paint. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3655 649 1 Q. It's true that, Dr. Kelly, you don't know 2 whether this paint in here he's referencing is a 3 household paint or not, do you? 4 A. I believe. I don't have any reason to 5 believe it isn't. 6 Q. You don't have any reason to believe that 7 the United States Monsanto doesn't use any Aroclor in 8 household paints; isn't that true? 9 A. That's correct. 10 Q. And you have no way of knowing whether they 11 used Aroclor in household paints, do you? 12 A. Well, except that he's talking about lustrex 13 latex paint, and lustrex latex is a household paint, yes. 14 Q. He says in our literature that paint with 15 Aroclor 1248, plasticized lustrex latex paint, that's not 16 a household paint now is it, Dr. Kelly? 17 A. Certainly it isn't. A plasticizer is in 18 paint. 19 Q. I understand that.You are just assuming 20 that because it's got lustrex on there that it's a 21 household paint? 22 A. That if he is talking about painting a room 23 that is plasticized with Aroclor 1242, he is talking 24 about a household paint. If he is talking about a 25 lustrex latex paint, he's talking about a household Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3656 650 1 paint. 2 Q. Didn't you just tell me a second ago that 3 you didn't know whether or not they used any Aroclors in 4 any of their paints, in any household paints? 5 A. I'm not sure whether they did or did not. 6 Q. But you don't know really whetherthis is 7 household paint, do you? 8 A. .9 paint, yes I know that lustrex latex paint is household 10 Q. 11 paints ? Do you know why Aroclors were added to 12 A. I'm sorry, sir? 13 Q. 14 paints ? Do you know why Aroclors were added to 15 A. As a plasticizer. 16 Q. And what benefit would that have to 17 household paints ? 18 A. I don't know that. 19 Q. Now, in this again, P?257 ?? this memo, by 20 the way, is written by D.V.N. Hardy. Do you know who he 21 is? 22 A. Yes . 23 Q. Who? 24 A. He is somebody at their research and 25 development. He was not in industrial hygiene. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3657 651 1 Q. He is, in fact, a doctor, though, is he not? 2 A. He's a Ph.D., I believe. I ''m not certain. 3 Q. He's referred to' in here as Dr. Hardy. 4 A. Well, that is a Ph.D., yes. 5 Q. How do you know he's not in industrial 6 hygiene or medicine or anything else? 7 A. Because I had a visit with him. I have been 8 talking to him, and I knew that he wasn't. 9 Q. D.V.N. Hardy, Dr. Hardy, in his August 19, 10 1955 memo, states, "With 1254, we know that 1.5 11 milligrams per cubic liter is above the maximum 12 permissible concentration for test animals, so that the 13 maximum for human beings must be placed below 1.5 cubic 14 milligrams per liter and must be applied to all Aroclors 15 on account of their similar constitution." Tell me if 16 I've read that correct, and if that's an accurate 17 statement. 18 A. Yes, you read that correctly, but it also 19 reflects that Dr. Hardy is certainly out of his field 20 when he's making such a statement. 21 Q. In this response by Helmer Wheeler dated 22 October 13, 1955 ?? 23 MS. RUTTER: Excuse me, counsel, what's the 24 exhibit number? 25 MR. MURRAY: P?271. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3658 652 1 Q. (By Mr. Murray) Mr. Wheeler mentioned that 2 Joe Treon, that's that person who did the Treon studies, 3 right? 4 A. That's correct. 5 Q. "Called me to clear several statements he 6 was going to include in a paper on his Aroclor inhalation 7 studies." Do you know why Dr. Treon would be calling 8 Helmer Wheeler to clear statements with him that he would 9 be using in a published paper? 10 A. I haven't the slightest idea. 11 Q. He says, "Based upon the animal results, Joe 12 and I agreed that he should propose a suggested maximum 13 allowable concentration for Aroclor 1242 of two 14 milligrams per cubic liter of air. In the case of 1254, 15 the MAC of one milligram per cubic liter would be 16 proposed." Do you know why Dr. Treon would be discussing 17 something with Helmer Wheeler what MAC should be purposed 18 based upon his own studies? 19 A. I haven't the slightest idea, but Dr. Treon 20 was a scientist in his own right, and he did the work, so 21 that's all I can say. 22 Q. That's what surprised me about it too. 23 A. I beg your pardon? 24 Q. I said, that's what surprised me about it 25 too. You have no explanation why he would be calling Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3659 653 1 Helmer Wheeler to get clearance on statements? 2 A. Well, that doesn't mean anything. I don't 3 know what was going on in Treon's mind. Q. Helmer Wheeler goes on to state in this October 13, '55 letter, that, "I hope that MCL," again, that's Monsanto in England, right? A. That's correct. 8 Q. "Will not interpret Treon's results in such 9 a fashion that MAC values lower than those indicated 10 above are ever mentioned in public in Great Britain." Do 11 you know why he would make a statement like that? 12 A. No, sir, I do not. 13 Q. Again, going back to that Treon study, Ms 14 Rutter indicated that the tests run on 1242 did not show 15 any adverse results; is that correct? 16 A. That's correct. 17 Q. That's not completely accurate, is it, 18 Doctor? 19 A. I think it is. 20 Q. The studies ?? some of the studies on 21 Aroclor 1242 showed increased liver weights on the 22 exposed group and not on the control group; isn't that 23 correct? 24 A. Let's see it. Let's see the article. 25 THE COURT: Exhibit number, Counsel? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3660 654 1 MR. MURRAY: That is Exhibit ?? Monsanto 2 Exhibit 235. 3 A. It says, no significant differences in 4 average changes of weight experimental control animals 5 were found on liver or kidneys. He states, "Aroclor 1242 6 at 6.83 micrograms with those of the controls they 7 tested, that liver and kidneys of rats, guinea pigs, and 8 rabbits," and they said, "Except in the case of the liver 9 reveal no significant difference between the test of the 10 controlled groups of guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits." 11 Q. Except in the case of the liver? 12 A. I beg your pardon? 13 Q. It says, "Except in the case of liver there 14 were no differences"? 15 A. No, it doesn't say that according to the way 16 I'm reading it. It says here, "Application of the test 17 would reveal any significant difference between the test 18 of the controlled groups of guinea pigs, rats, and 19 rabbits." I can highlight it for you if you'd like. 20 Q. You don't need to highlight it.I will read 21 it. I will read the whole sentence. "The comparison by 22 the "F" test of the variances of the ratios of the livers 23 or kidneys to the body weights of rats, guinea pigs, and 24 rabbits exposed to the vapor of Aroclor 1242, 6.83 25 micrograms per liter, with those of the control were no Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3661 655 1 significant difference except in the case of the livers 2 of the rats." Isn't that not what it says, Doctor? I 3 will show it to you right here. 4 A. Yes, but he's stating that part of this one 5 test didn't show a change, so he used another test, a "T" 6 test. I don't know what the "F" test is, but the test I 7 know is used in experimental work for a long time, and he 8 said, "Revealed no significant difference between the 9 test of controlled groups of guinea pigs, rats, an 10 rabbits." That's what he says. 11 Q. Again, dealing with Aroclor 1242, 12 concentration of 6.83 micrograms per liter application of 13 the "T" test no differences. In the mean values for the 14 experimental and control animals yield borderline 15 evidence of significant differences in the number of 16 leukocytes and the concentration of the hemoglobin and 17 the blood of guinea pigs. That's another difference, 18 isn't it? 19 A. It's an irrelevant difference. 20 Q. I apologize for taking so long. 21 A. I beg your pardon. I couldn't hear you. 22 Q. I said, I apologize for taking so long on 23 this. I think I found the area now. In the section of 24 his article talking about liver weights, reading the 25 whole paragraph, "The weights of the livers and kidneys Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3662 656 1 and the relationship of their weights to the body have 2 weights expressed as grams per 100 grams of body weight 3 of the animals that survived following exposure to vapor 4 of Aroclor 1242 in concentration of 6.83 microgram per 5 liter, are shown in Table III, which also gives the 6 corresponding data on the controls. Comparison by the 7 "F" tests to the body weights of rats, guinea pigs, and 8 rabbits exposed to the vapor of Aroclor 1242 with those 9 of the controls revealed no significant difference except 10 in the case of the liver of the rats." Isn't it true, 11 you can look at the table that's shown right there that 12 the livers of the rats exposed to 1242 were much heavier 13 in the controls? 14 A. Mr. Murray, I cannot make much sense out of 15 tables, but you are picking holes ?? you are picking 16 isolated items out of this report. The conclusion that 17 he has is the vapors of the Aroclor 1242 at one to eight 18 micrograms per liter demonstrated no injury. Now, that's 19 his conclusion. And he has shown by the "T" test that 20 the previous test, whatever that one, was showed in 21 guinea pigs some increasment on further study for the "T" 22 test. It was normal. So the summary is normal. So I'm 23 going to say, ask any toxicologist that will be here what 24 they think about this. 25 Q. Maybe that's what we ought to do about that, Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3663 657 1 Doctor. 2 A. I think so, because I'm certainly convinced 3 that Aroclor 1242 in this report was normal. 4 Q. You used the MACs a great deal in your 5 letters and correspondence back and forth between 6 yourselves and customers, didn't you, Dr. Kelly? 7 A. Well, I used it some in the TLVs came in. I 8 don't know when the TLVs came in. 9 Q. Well, I think, whether it's TLVs or MACs, 10 they were basically the same thing, aren't they? 11 A. No, they aren't the same thing. Maximum 12 allowable concentration, as the words apply, the top ?? 13 the lowest limit and the highest limit I can expose a 14 worker to. TLV is a limit that a man can be exposed to 15 for eight hours a day for his lifetime, so there is a 16 victim. TLV is a more sophisticated term for industrial 17 hygiene. I don't want to quibble with you, Dr. Kelly, 18 but aren't they used for the same thing, whether there is 19 a TLV or MAC used to determine exposure in the work 20 place, isn't it, and it's used to determine maximum 21 amount of exposure in a work place? 22 A. No, it isn't because a TLV shows how much a 23 man can be exposed to for a lifetime, a maximum allowable 24 concentration can refer to a minute and a half hour and a 25 day. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3664 658 1 Q. So what you are saying is under the 2 maximum ?? under the MACs, a man can't be exposed to any 3 or for any period of time above what the maximum is 4 specified? 5 A. Yes, because that's why they stopped using 6 it. They found that was inaccurate. That suppose a man 7 was exposed to twice, two milligrams of something for ten 8 minutes, well, that has no relationship to whether he was 9 exposed to eight hours a day. In fact, maximum are not 10 used anymore. You are quoting me from the '50s. 11 Q. We had this conversation yesterday, didn't 12 we, Dr. Kelly? 13 A. Well, I don't remember it, but ?? 14 Q. Yeah, because yesterday you said they were 15 the same thing. 16 A. No, I didn't. 17 Q. All right. We'll let the jury remember. 18 Did the numbers change when they changed from maximum to 19 TLVs ? 20 A. They may have, or they may not. I don't 21 know. 22 Q. It was Monsanto's goal in dealing with PCB 23 exposure to you, its employees, that there be no contact 24 with the skin, correct? 25 A. Well, that was an ideal goal, yes. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3665 659 1 Q. Was there any piece of a brochure, a warning 2 label, a literature that says, "Avoid contact with the 3 skin," that you ?? that went out there in your tenure at 4 Monsanto? 5 A. No, because I knew there was going to be 6 contact. It's impossible to manufacture anything outside 7 of a radioactive substance without having contact. 8 Q. Let me show you an exhibit marked as 9 Plaintiff's Exhibit No. 78. 10 A. Yes, sir. 11 MR. MURRAY: Your Honor ?? 12 (At this time there was a discussion held at the 13 bench. 14 Q. (By Mr. Murray) Dr. Kelly, you indicated in 15 response to one of Ms. Rutter's questions that it was 16 your philosophy that in dealing with warnings, that they 17 be succinct, that there no extraneous materials, and that 18 they be short correct? 19 A. That's correct. 20 Q. If you said, avoid skin contact with 21 Aroclors. Is that short, succinct, and no extraneous 22 material? 23 A. said, avoid prolonged or repeated skin 24 contact. 25 Q. know what you said. I said, if you had Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3666 660 said ?? A. Oh, if I 9 9 Q. philosophy? Um?hum. Does that fit within your A. Well, that isn't necessary because occasional skin contact is not poisonous. We are not 7 talking about sulfuric acid or something like that. We 8 are talking about an industrial compound that has a mild 9 to moderate toxicity, and you can get some on your skin, 10 and all you do is wash it off. There are hundreds of 11 millions of pounds of this material used. 12 Q. I will ask the question one more time, 13 Doctor. 14 A. I beg your pardon. 15 Q. I will ask it one more time because I don't 16 believe I got an answer. The question is: If you had 17 said avoid skin contact, that would be short, succinct, 18 and no extraneous material, wouldn't it? 19 A. Yes, it would, but so is what I said. 20 Q. Now, Doctor, Ms. Rutter asked you, "In 1974, 21 when you retired from Monsanto, was there anything in the 22 literature showing health effects from PCBs". And you 23 said, "No," correct? 24 A. I'm not exactly sure how she phrased it, no. 25 Q. But Monsanto, who was the manufacturer of Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3667 661 1 the product, never did any human health studies, did 2 they? 3 A. What do you mean they never did any human 4 health studies? 5 Q. I didn't know that that was a difficult 6 question. 7 A. I beg your pardon. 8 Q. I didn't know that that was a complicated 9 question. Did you ever do any human health study while 10 you were a medical director at Monsanto? 11 A. We examine our workers yearly, if you want 12 to consider that a health ?? 13 Q. I don't. And you know from your own 14 experience that that would not be considered a 15 toxicological study, would you? 16 A. You are talking about toxicological study. 17 Are you talking about giving the material in humans? 18 Q. No, Dr. Kelly, and you know better than 19 that. There are epidemiological studies. There are all 20 kinds of studies that you can do with humans that would 21 determine if there are any long term effects from a 22 chemical. You didn't do any of those? 23 A. I examined our workers. We examined our 24 workers. And we knew that we had no problems in our 25 workers. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3668 662 1 Q. And you knew also that part of the target 2 organ of this chemical was the liver, and you never ran 3 any liver tests when you worked ?? 4 A. Yes, we did. 5 Q. Well, you didyearly,sometimes bi?yearly 6 examinations of your employees, did you not, Dr. Kelly? 7 A. Yes, we did. 8 Q. Did you ever run liver function tests with 9 those examinations? 10 A. Yes, we did. Sometimes we ran them in the 11 early, the late '30s and early '40s. We did not run them 12 routinely. We found we weren't getting any clinical 13 evidence of ailments. We ran a batch of them, but the 14 interest became more (inaudible) whatever is more 15 interested in 1972 or '73, and it came back normal. 16 Q. Referring you to Plaintiff's Exhibit 175, a 17 letter from you to William ?? Dr. William Heeks, May 17, 18 1963, "In our plants where we manufacture Aroclors, we do 19 periodic physical examinations on our workers at 12 to 24 20 month intervals. These are quite comprehensive but do 21 not include any special laboratory procedures such as 22 liver function tests." Have I read that correctly? 23 A. Yes, you have read it correctly. 24 Q. Thank you. 25 MR. MURRAY: One second, Your Honor. That's Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3669 663 all I have, Dr. Kelly. A. Thank you. THE COURT: Recross, Counsel. RECROSS?EXAMINATION MS , RUTTER: Q. Dr. Kelly, I'd like to return briefly to 7 Exhibit P?257. It's the August 19, 1955 memo from Mr. 8 Hardy of Monsanto Chemicals Limited in London to Dr. J.W. 9 Barrett. 10 MR. MURRAY: What number is that, Counselor? 11 MS. RUTTER: It's 257. 12 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) That's the letter that Mr. 13 Murray was just discussing with you that refers to 14 lustrex latex paint? 15 A. That's correct. 16 Q. And there was a lot of questions about 17 whether that's a household paint or not. I refer you to 18 the last paragraph of this Exhibit P?257, and I'm sorry, 19 I'm down to one copy of it now. It says, "We still have 20 to examine the position of Aroclors in ordinary paints;" 21 is that correct? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. So that ordinary paint is a household paint; 24 is that correct? 25 A. Well, it's an ordinary paint. Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3670 664 1 Q. It's an ordinary paint that you can go to 2 the hardware store ?? 3 A. I'm sorry. I didn't hear you. 4 Q. It's an ordinary paint that the general 5 public can go to the hardware store and buy? 6 A. That's my interpretation of it. 7 Q. And the last page of the memo they are 8 talking about, "Certainly these paints must not be used 9 on hot surfaces such as radiators and hot water pipes." 10 A. That's correct. 11 Q. And those are found in homes; is that 12 correct? 13 A. Absolutely. 14 Q. Mr. Murray referred to Plaintiff's Exhibit 15 271, a October of 1955 memo from Helmer Wheeler to Dr. 16 Newman in Newport, referring to Mr. Wheeler's discussions 17 with Joe Treon, and I understand you weren't part of 18 those discussions. Mr. Murray referred to clearing 19 statements included in the study. Referring to Exhibit 20 123, once again, I'm down to one copy of this now. Here 21 on the cover page of this Exhibit there is a lot of 22 technical information about Aroclor 1242 and 1254; is 23 that correct? 24 A. Yes . 25 Q. That' s the kind of information that Monsanto Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13671 665 1 would have in its possession and it would be logical for 2 a scientist doing a test ?? 3 A. I don't hear any of that. 4 Q. The information on page 1 of thatexhibit 5 describes the physical properties of Aroclor 1242 and 6 1254; is that correct? 7 A. Yes, it does. 8 Q. If I can borrow the exhibit back for a 9 minute. For example, it talks about the specific gravity 10 of Aroclor 1242, and it talks about the distilation range 11 and the refractive index; 12 A. Yes. is that correct? 13 Q. That's the type of information that you 14 might expect a researcher to confirm with the 15 manufacturer of the chemical? 16 A. Yes. 17 Q. Now, there is a lot of technical 18 pathological discussion in the text history on this 19 study; is there not? 20 A. Yes, there is. 21 Q. And the highest dose of Aroclor 1242 that 22 was given to the animals was 8.63 milligrams per cubic 23 liter; is that correct? 24 A. That's correct. 25 Q. On page 212 of this document ?? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3672 666 1 THE COURT: Counsel ?? 2 A. I have a copy. 3 MS. RUTTER: Thank you, Your Honor. 4 Q. (By Ms. Rutter) On page 212, that here in 5 the text, do you see in column one ?? 6 A. Yes. 7 Q. ?? it says, "Discussion." Could you follow 8 along and tell me whether I'm reading this accurately? 9 "In terms of mortality growth except that of guinea pigs 10 and non?occurrence of pathological changes, the favor of 11 Aroclor 1242 and the concentration of 8.6 micrograms per 12 liter approaching saturation appeared to be non?injurious 13 to the experimental animals subjected to seven hours on 14 each of 17 days over a period of 24 days;" is that 15 correct? 16 A. That's correct. 17 Q. And then after he havediscussed "F"tests 18 and "T" tests and summarized everything in charts, the 19 author of this study published in a peer review journal 20 concludes prolonged intermittent exposure of animals to 21 the vapor of Aroclor 1242 at 1.90 to 7.63 micrograms per 22 liter demonstrated no injury; is that correct? 23 A. That's correct. 24 Q. That's the conclusion of thescientist who 25 wrote the paper? Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3673 667 1 A. That's his conclusion, yes. 2 Q. And it was separate in a peer review journal 3 publication? 4 A. Yes, it was. 5 Q. Dr. Kelly, we've been talking about short 6 and succinct warnings. We've got a letter here from Mr. 7 Wheeler to Mr. Speicher. It's Monsanto Exhibit M?19, and 8 I will get you a copy. Could you, please, read that 9 sentence by Mr. Wheeler to Mr. Speicher. 10 THE COURT: Excuse me. What is the exhibit? 11 MS. RUTTER: M?19, Your Honor. 12 A. This is a letter from Wheeler to Speicher, 13 april 30, '62. "The liquid Aroclors are good solids from 14 normal fats and oils on skin in our own operation" ?? is 15 this the one you want? 16 Q. That's the one. 17 A. "In our own operation, we try to prevent 18 stress prevention of skin contact rather than the use of 19 trees. " 20 Q. So what he said is in our own operation, we 21 try to stress prevention of skin contact? 22 A. That's correct. 23 Q. Is that clear and concise? 24 A. Yes . 25 Q. Prevention of skin contact is what Helmer Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3674 668 1 Wheeler recommended to William Speicher of Westinghouse; 2 is that correct? 3 A. That 's. 4 MS. RUTTER: I have no further questions. 5 THE COURT: Thank you, Doctor. You may step 6 down. 7 A. Thank you, Your Honor, for your courtesy. 8 Thank you, Ladies and Gentlemen. 9 THE COURT: Counsel, you may call your next 10 witness. 11 MR. RACE: The plaintiffs call Dr. David 12 Marder. 13 THE CLERK: Do you solemnly swear the 14 testimony you are about to give in this case will be the 15 truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth? 16 THE WITNESS : Yes. 17 THE CLERK: Please, give your name for the 18 Court. 19 THE WITNESS : David Charles Marder, 20 M?A?R?D?E?R. 21 THE COURT: You may proceed, Mr. Race. 22 MR. RACE: Thank you, Your Honor. 23 24 DIRECT EXAMINATION 25 BY MR. RACE: Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3675 [0.05-15] Transcript Word Index 0 0 05 0.15 504'1 05 fiOl ^ 19 000105 558:19 560:3 000111 000112 05 484 1 562 13 097336 1 i 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 477:1,1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 485:1,1 486:1 487:1 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1,1 493:1 494:1,1,1,1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 535:25 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1,1 666:1 667:1 668:1 1,069 515:4,5 1,200 464:1 1.0 494:1 504:1 601:3,11 1.5 486:1 525:3,21 526:25 527:9,16 528:19 530:1,7 531:9 536:24 651:1,1 1.9 634:24 1.90 666:1 1/150th 476:1 10 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1,1 460:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 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507:1 536:23 565:13 584:11 586:3 626:6 566:7,21 567:3,5 570:6,8 14 571:1,3 572:25 591:20 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 592:20 601:9,11 626:13,16 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 627:4 628:8 631:24 632:4,5 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 632:19 633:12 635:1,6,8 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 636:2,11,17,21 637:23 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 647:1 649:1 652:1 653:1,1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 654:1,1 655:1 656:1,1,1,1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 657:1 664:1 665:1,1,1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 666:1,1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 1248 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 464:1 626:21 627:6 649:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 125 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 603:7 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 1254 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 464:1,1 474:1 492:1 501:1 560:21 561:5,12 569:6 504:1,1,1 524:3,14,18,21 571:6 590:4 620:22 647:1 525:2,9,15,16 529:3 536:23 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 537:9 565:13 566:8,22 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 567:3,6 582:12,14,17 601:9 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 601:12 627:6 631:16,21,22 660:1 661:1 662:1 663:1 637:20 647:1 651:1 652:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 667:1 664:1 665:1 668:1 1260 146 464:1,1 570:11 611:2,2,7 500:1 520:13 637:4 611:16 627:6 640:19 149 641:15 647:1 481:1 482:1 1268 15 463:1,1 555:18 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3676 [15-1993] 15 (cont.) 17 (cont.) 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1,1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 501:1,1 502:1 503:1 504:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 521:16 529:5 561:21 576:6 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1,1 590:4,10 620:22 647:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1,1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 667:1 668:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 175 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 510:21 662:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 663:1 17th 664:1 665:1 666:1 667:1 581:3,24 626:2 668:1 18 150 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 481:1 482:1,1,1 485:1,1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 488:1 542:1 593:3 603:7 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 627:19 633:12,23,25 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 158 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 462:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 15th 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 586:17 589:24 626:21 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 16 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 515:18 573:17,22 577:2,4 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 590:4 647:1 648:1 649:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 666:1 667:1 668:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 18th 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 567:6 594:18 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 19 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 457:1 458:1,1 459:1 460:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 667:1 668:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 17 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 19 (cont.) 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 567:6 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1,1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 663:1,1 664:1 665:1 666:1 667:1,1,1 668:1 1900's 547:9 1918 515:12 1930's 555:12 1932 453:1 1934 455:1,1,1 1935 507:1 620:18 1955 504:1 505:1 614:21 628:24 629:4 631:3 638:8 651:1,1 663:1 664:1 1956 552:21 565:7,9,19 567:8,21 583:24 584:4 599:15 632:8 632:13 1957 485:1,1 492:1,1 542:2,11 1959 569:15 590:17 591:9,23 592:8 593:7 613:16,25 614:10615:1,3,14 1960 600:14,18 602:4 603:23 1960s 644:10 1960's 553:14 1962 577:7 578:7 579:4,21 580:18 626:10,21 1937 458:1 551:24 556:20 557:9 595:5,21 596:2,13 597:5 1938 535:1 541:2 544:11 547:8 549:9 557:22,25 558:3,13 560:19 561:9 1939 460:1 544:3 1963 510:25 662:1 1964 474:1 1966 605:7 1967 581:3,22 625:19,23 626:6 628:10 1942 454:1 549:10 1945 559:22 594:18,23 1946 454:1 549:23 584:11 586:3 1947 586:18,24 587:11,23 589:24 1969 582:7,18 583:17 584:1 644:17 1970 518:7,17 1972 662:1 1973 507:1,1 1950 515:19 529:2 1950's 517:2 541:6 553:14 1974 490:1 535:1 552:12 607:7 607:20 608:6,18 609:25 610:9 611:23 660:1 1951 1975 514:6,24 625:19,22 626:1,2 611:20 640:17 641:16 628:10 1977 1953 507:1 487:1 567:4 1987 1954 639:21 641:2,12 458:1 465:1 481:1 485:1 1990 499:1 531:13,23 532:1 643:4 541:12 598:5 599:4 614:19 1993 614:21 641:25 642:5 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3677 [1994-266] 1994 20,000 22 (cont.) 609:15 641:22 642:5 521:17638:12 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 19th 200 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 626:10 628:24 629:4 631:3 514:6 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 631:5 205 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 1st 632:25 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 581:22 598:5 599:15 206 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 2 2 453 :1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457 :1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461 :1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465 :1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469 :1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473 :1 474:1 475:1 ,1,1 476 :1 ,1 477 :1 478 :1 479 480 :1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484 :1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488 :1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492 :1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496 :1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500 :1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504 :1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508 :1 597:1 1 647: 1 648: 649 :1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653 :1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657 :1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661 :1 662:1 663:1 664:1 665 :1 666:1 667:1 668:1 2.0 504:1 2.6 474 :1 |1 453 :1 454 :1 455::1 456:1 457 :1 458 :1 459::1 460:1 461 :1 462 :1 463::1 464:1 465 :1 466 :1 467::1 468:1 469 :1 470 :1 471::1 472:1 473 :1 474 :1 475::1 476:1 477 :1 478 :1 479::1 480:1 481 :1 482 :1 483::1 484:1 485 :1 486 :1 487::1 488:1 489 :1 490 :1 491::1 492:1 493 :1 494 :1 495::1 496:1 497 :1 498 :1 499::1 500:1 501 :1 502 :1 503::1 504:1 505 :1 506 :1 507::1 508:1 516 :1 5 572: 23 576:6 647 648 :1 649 :1 650::1 651:1 652 :1 653 :1 654::1 655:1 656 :1 657 :1 658::1 659:1 660 :1 661 :1 662::1 663:1 664 :1 665 :1 666::1 667:1 668 :1 634:19 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 207 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 633:9 634:20 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 208 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 633:9 605:14,18 647:1 648:1 20th 649:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 638:8 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 21 657:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 661:1 662:1 663:1 664:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 665:1 666:1 667:1 668:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 220 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 483:1 488:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 224 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 642:3,5 643:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 22nd 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 567:4 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 23 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 667:1 668:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 212 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 514:7 593:22 634:19 635:4 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 665:1 666:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 213 605:20 647:1 648:1 649:1 632:13 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 214 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 633:13,14 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 216 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 597:11,17 666:1 667:1 668:1 217 230 597:11 575:6 219 231 597:12 599:24 600:2 462:1 607:23 233 21st 473:1 566:25 567:2 570:4 234 22 473:1 567:1,5 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 235 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 472:1 566:2,5 567:14,18 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 569:3 632:10 654:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 23rd 569:14 613:16 614:25 615:1 24 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 482:1 483:1,1,1 484:1 485:1,1 486:1 487:1 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1,1 499:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 511:6 605:7 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1,1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1,1 667:1 668:1 243 514:7 25 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 482:1,1 483:1,1 484:1,1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 536:7 572:23 627:19 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 667:1 668:1 257 631:6,7,8 650:1 663:1,1,1 25th 565:7,9 567:8,21 577:6 579:22 266 601:18 604:12 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3678 [269 - 7] 269 477:1 497:1 27 564:22 270 625:11 271 502:1 651:1 664:1 275 625:12 276 625:11 28 557:25 282 625:11 286 625:11 zna 590:17 3 3 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 667:1 668:1 30 518:25 624:24 627:14 633:25 667:1 30,000 532:2 300 476:1,1 306 625:12,23 30s 615:12 620:18 662:1 30th 579:4,21 31 40's 57 544:5 556:13 537:15 32 42 589 544:18,21 545:6 464:1,1 647:1,1,1 515:14 589:1 33 4465 5th 624:24 464:1,1,1,1 583:17 35 48 460:1 461:1 545:21,24 498:1 36 481 454:1 544:14,15 546:18 639:13,18 610:7 621:16 5 37 552:7 621:18 5 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 38 458:1 461:1,1 544:14 552:7 380 556:23,25 557:22 558:2,13 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 559:13 560:22 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 o9 460:1 461:1 541:2 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1,1 6 C 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1,1 463:1,1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 559:20 ora 644:17 4 485:1 486:1,1 487:1 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1,1 492:1,1 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 500:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1,1 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 4 504:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 508:1 527:7 531:7,11 562:9 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 647:1 648:1 649:1 650:1 666:1 667:1 668:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 654:1 6.83 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 658:1 654:1,1 655:1 656:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 662:1 6:00 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 509:8 573:20 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 667:1 668:1 60 481:1 482:1 483:1 484:1 5.4 464:1 569:21 570:10,12 485:1 486:1 487:1 488:1 525:18 600 489:1 490:1 491:1 492:1 5.5 615:19 493:1 494:1 495:1 496:1 536:3 60s 497:1 498:1 499:1 500:1 50 458:1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 463:1 465:1,1,1,1 466:1 62 505:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 468:1 469:1 483:1,1 485:1 667:1 605:8 647:1 648:1 649:1 50s 620 650:1 651:1 652:1 653:1 465:1,1 466:1,1 468:1 515:5 654:1 655:1 656:1 657:1 469:1,1,1 658:1 65 658:1 659:1 660:1 661:1 50's 462:1 464:1 662:1 663:1 664:1 665:1 514:13 516:8,15 517:17,20 66 666:1 667:1 668:1 517:22 531:13,23 537:15 605:8 4:15 537:25 68 508:1,1 54 462:1 40 464:1 469:1,1 647:1,1 463:1 465:1 516:15 569:20 5400 570:9 464:1,1 40,000 5460 532:2 464:1,1 40s 55 624:7,8 662:1 567:7 653:1 7 7 453:1 454:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 459:1 460:1 461:1 462:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 466:1 467:1 468:1 469:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3679 [7-air] 7 (cont. ) 473:1 474::1 475 A 476:1 477:1 478:A 479 A 480:1 481:1 482:A 483 A 484:1 485:1 486:A 487 A 488:1 489:1 490:A 491 A 492:1 493:1 494:A 495 A 496:1 497:1 498:A 499 A 500:1 501:1 502:A 503 A 504:1 505:1 506:A 507 A 508:1 647:1 648:A 649 A 650:1 651:1 652:A 653 A 654:1 655:1 656:A 657 A 658:1 659:1 660:A 661 A 662:1 663:1 664:A 665 A 666:1 667:1 668:A 7.63 666:1 70's 518:16 73 598:7,18 662:1 74 455:1 490:1 610:7 640:22 640:23 75 599:20 640:21,24 76 599:20 78 659:1___________ 8 8 453 A 454:A 455 A 456:A 457 A 458:A 459 A 460:A 461 A 462:A 463 A 464:A 465 A 466:A 467 A 468:A 469 A 470:A 471 A 472:A 473 A 474:A 475 A 476:A 477 A 478:A 479 A 480:A 481 A 482:A 483 A 484:A 485 A 486:A 487 A 488:A 489 A 490:A 491 A 492:A 493 A 494:A 495 A 496:A 497 A 498:A 499 A 500:A 501 A 502:A 503 A 504:A 505 A 506:A 507 A 508:A 647 A 648:A 649 A 650:A 651 A 652:A 653 A 654:A 655 A 656:A 657 A 658:A 659 A 660:A 661 A 662:A 663 A 664:A 665 A 666:A 667 A 668:A 8.6 634:8,11 666:1 8.63 aberration addition 634:25 636:3,20 665:1 493:1 494:1 456:1 467:1 544:25 614:4 85 absolutely additional 548:9 608:11 610:5 664:1 462:1 521:1 544:22 545:4,6 86 absorbed 646:1 531:15,17,20 468:1 497:1 561:1 588:7 adequate 8th absorbs 562:3 589:18 529:1________________ 588:20 adjourn 9 absorption 574:7 9 453:A 454:A 455:A 456:A 457:A 458:A 459:A 460:A 461:A 462:A 463:A 464:A 459:1 496:1 558:15 626:16 adjourned 626:24 574:14 abstract administered 619:20 483:1,1 489:1 465:A 466:A 467:A 468:A 469:A 470:A 471:A 472:A 473:A 474:A 475:A 476:A 477:A 478:A 479:A 480:A abuse 575:18 academic 457:1 540:22 555:14 administration 502:1 administrator 565:6 579:2 481:A 482:A 483:A 484:A acceptable admit 485:A 486:A 487:A 488:A 489:A 490:A 491:A 492:A 493:A 494:A 495:A 496:A 497:A 498:A 499:A 500:A 592:15 536:9 593:13 accepted adult 527:6 556:3 563:18 564:20 575:18 accompanied advantage 501:A 502:A 503:A 504:A 496:1 527:19 521:11 505:A 506:A 507:A 508:A 565:A ,3 567 :8 568 :12 647:1 648:A 649:A 650:A 651:A 652:A 653:A 654:A 655:A accomplished 589:17 account 506:1 651:1 adverse 496:1,1 653:1 advise 491:1 656:A 657:A 658:A 659:A 660:A 661:A 662:A 663:A 664:A 665:A 666:A 667:A 668:A 9:00 accurate 476:1 596:7 640:11 651:1 653:1 accurately 600:24 605:25 666:1 affiliate 628:15,19 affiliated 553:25 555:22 afraid 574:13 91a 642:20 91b accused 520:14 acgih 592:19 497:1 afternoon 453:1,1,1 508:1 576:8 afternoons 642:20 acid 553:2 94 518:19 95 623:22 98 600:11,16641:2,6 660:1 acne 496:1,1 596:20 active 624:1 activity age 455:1 agency 493:1 agent 470:1 493:1 99 600:16,20 604:5_________ 514:24 actual 472:1 473:1 522:8,16 ago 464:1 478:1 487:1 650:1 agree a 523:12 558:20 637:1 504:1 a.c.g.i.h. acute agreed 530:15,16,18,20,23 538:7 458:1 465:1 466:1,1,1 595:16 652:1 538:14 540:16,18,19,25 467:1,1 470:1 471:1 517:3 ahead 541:3,9 517:7,9,11,21 619:7 625:16 493:1 504:1 522:17,19 a.i.h.a. 627:2 526:19 589:8 630:22 565:18,20 adams ailments a.m. 514:4 662:1 574:13 added air 650:1,1 474:1 476:1 478:1,1,1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3680 [air - associated] air (cont.) animals (cont.) applied aroclors 479:1,1 483:1 484:1,1 525:12,14 527:19,20 530:7 601:21 604:17 606:4 651:1 457:1,1,1 458:1,1 484:1 485:1 494:1,1 561:11,14 596:8 601:1 632:2,18,24 apply 485:1 504:1,1 505:1,1 562:2,3,8 567:24 568:16 633:1,11,16,20 634:8,24 657:1 506:1,1,1,1 507:1,1 509:14 592:16 601:4 629:25 630:4 635:2 636:2,11 637:2 appreciable 509:19510:15511:5 652:1 642:19 651:1 654:1 655:1 525:9 589:5,9 512:16 513:7,9 522:7,15 al 656:1 665:1 666:1,1 appreciate 523:7 565:13 567:3 568:23 514:5 643:4 anniston 509:2 528:7 578:18 603:17 571:8,15,19 578:6,15 alabama 622:23 approach 579:13 580:2,8 593:25 622:23 annual 453:1 482:1 535:11 559:1 595:12,22 596:20 597:1,18 alcohol 639:22 607:14 609:3 645:8 597:23 599:10 600:3,13 526:1,5 answer approaching 603:22 615:16 621:10 alerting 480:1 483:1 512:17 513:1 666:1 629:11 638:18 647:1 650:1 635:18 526:21,24 528:2,5 529:10 appropriate 650:1,1 651:1 659:1 662:1 alkaline 537:21,21 539:21 541:24 474:1 663:1 667:1 498:1 580:11 617:14 660:1 approximately arrest allergic answered 485:1 521:16619:11 575:18 497:1 476:1 539:1 618:9 april art allow answering 577:6 579:3,21,22 605:7 638:13 478:1 533:25 537:20 521:3 528:5 537:6 626:2 667:1 article allowable anybody aprons 477:1,1,1 478:1 481:1 473:1 474:1 478:1 589:13 473:1 499:1 534:16 574:11 592:3 514:9 527:8 541:11 543:25 606:5 635:7 652:1 657:1,1 594:4,9 area 544:2,6,19 545:5,18,22 allowed anymore 495:1 589:9 603:9 655:1 546:13,19 548:7 566:17 519:11 533:20 540:24 658:1 argue 567:23 614:15 616:18 571:24 606:3 615:18 anytime 498:1 619:5,17 635:12,24 639:18 alls 453:1 argued 640:3,14,17 641:3,22 642:4 562:22 anyway 540:10 642:4 653:1 655:1 alternate 483:1 argument articles 575:6 apart 493:1 461:1 547:5 551:13 567:15 amateurs 491:1 argumentative askarel 457:1 apologize 539:19 600:24 601:22 602:8,9,10 american 497:1 503:1 511:22 520:15 arm 602:13 493:1 500:1 527:23 538:8 526:19609:14655:1,1 550:20 askarels 541:13 554:5 566:8 601:8 apparatus army 602:7,18 603:5,7 614:16 632:8 635:15,20 567:24 568:3,16 619:22 548:21 asked 636:15,22 apparently aroclor 476:1 489:1,1 490:1 493:1 amount 525:6 568:2 628:18 636:7 463:1 484:1,1 485:1 501:1 510:13 549:17 559:19 467:1,1,1 468:1,1 489:1,1,1 637:8 504:1 521:14 522:23 570:1 578:5 594:4,9 616:25 517:8 526:1 657:1 appear 523:18 525:9,16 529:3 625:12 660:1 amounts 485:1 561:7 580:12 603:25 555:18 566:7,7,21 567:5 asking 475:1 644:9,21 appeared 570:5,7,11,25 572:25 490:1 514:9 518:11 524:9 analysis 477:1 566:8 666:1 582:12,14,16 591:20 565:21 569:2 591:5 626:10,20 appearing 592:20 594:21 595:17 asks analyze 644:20 596:1,9600:24 601:9,11,12 577:23 581:13 582:25 551:25 appears 602:14,20 604:23 605:25 aspects analyzed 560:10 561:25 582:11 606:10,11 611:7,15 614:3 502:1 553:7 494:1 592:15 594:20 603:20 614:11 615:17626:13,16 aspirin animal 605:8 629:3 626:21 627:3,4 628:8 475:1,1,1 476:1,1,1,1 457:1 458:1,1 467:1,1 application 631:16,21 632:4,5,18 assistant 501:1 505:1 506:1 528:16 458:1 470:1 560:23 586:1 633:12 635:1,6,8 636:2,17 551:9,10 552:22 578:25 528:18 560:9 626:23 652:1 630:9 631:16 638:2 654:1 636:21 637:20,22 640:19 associate animals 655:1 641:15649:1,1,1,1 652:1,1 553:2 458:1 468:1,1,1,1 469:1,1,1 applications 653:1 654:1,1 655:1 656:1 associated 483:1 486:1 488:1 504:1,1 594:1,12 617:23 629:18 656:1,1 657:1 664:1 665:1 525:12 529:17,18 572:25 506:1 523:13,15 525:7,11 665:1,1 666:1,1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3681 [associates - borderline] associates b beg (cont.) big 625:18 back 533:12 535:17 540:17 465:1 467:1 473:1 475:1,1 association 461:1,1 465:1 477:1 478:1 576:14 590:8 613:12 620:5 496:1,1 550:24 597:15 475:1 537:2 541:14 614:17 487:1,1 490:1 494:1 520:8 624:20 630:24 652:1 654:1 600:7 642:15 643:16 536:24 547:9 549:21,25 655:1 660:1 661:1 bilirubin assume 551:24 555:12 559:12,14 beginning 498:1 494:1 549:17 571:23 574:1 581:21 586:15 477:1 484:1 bindschadler assuming 621:12 622:11 624:6 begins 582:6 649:1 628:14 634:20 639:6 647:1 545:24 bio atlanta 653:1 657:1 662:1 665:1 beings 555:6 620:24 background 651:1 biochemist atmospheres 453:1 454:1 455:1 belief 554:18 501:1 529:4 bad 622:7 biodegradable attacking 620:15 believe 534:17,18,23 497:1 bag 460:1 471:1 484:1 486:1 biphenyls attend 632:24 487:1 489:1,1,1,1 491:1 582:22 604:24 563:21 baker 495:1 500:1 501:1 512:22 bit attended 554:6 513:15 518:20 520:17 463:1 466:1 467:1 495:1 556:14 557:9 barnes 521:12 523:9 531:9,16 547:13 553:10,11 597:9 attention 564:14,16,18 579:16 538:11 539:13 553:21 599:24 620:17 497:1 499:1 520:16 522:24 584:12,14 585:3 586:2,9,12 556:13,23 557:23 558:14 black 523:4,20 531:13,19 558:18 586:21,25 589:22 567:7 571:13 572:10 496:1 561:12 barrett 610:20,23 611:9,13619:16 blend attic 500:1,1 503:1 520:23 524:1 638:16 649:1,1,1 651:1 570:17 647:1,1 630:5 524:12 529:1,15 530:14,17 660:1 blood attorney 541:7 628:24 629:5 637:15 believed 498:1,1 655:1 476:1 663:1 504:1 531:11 534:22 bloomington attorneys barrett's 535:20 593:1 621:5 572:24 581:7 582:12 509:3 520:17 believes 601:16 603:17 644:14 attributed base 497:1 blow 525:8 545:18 480:1 bell's 496:1 august based 612:19 blowing 584:11 586:3 628:23 629:4 615:23 635:19 636:20 belong 506:1 631:3,4 651:1 663:1 642:15643:16652:1,1 540:24 563:25 blown author basically bench 549:22 571:12 666:1 475:1 521:19,22 657:1 453:1,1 482:1 535:11,14 board available basis 559:1,3 607:14,17 609:3,7 478:1 550:2 573:11 596:6 541:19 542:3,6 565:23 538:4 608:10,11 645:8,14 659:1 604:9 566:11 batch benchmark bodies average 620:15 662:1 465:1 535:7 497:1 512:11 534:4,5,8,11 bates benefit bodily 647:1,1 654:1 561:21 650:1 587:21 596:19 597:1 avoid bath benignus body 532:21 577:24 585:24 546:10,10 603:23 497:1 530:16 654:1 656:1,1 659:1,1,1 660:1 battery benzene 656:1 avoided 507:1 459:1 460:1,1 461:1 463:1 book 562:21 568:23 571:8,15 bears 463:1,1 464:1,1,1 543:3 559:8 642:4 606:10 557:21 620:20 621:5,12,24,24 booklet avoiding bedroom 622:5,8,12 595:17 625:16 534:12 639:5 best booklets aware beer 544:3 613:6 597:15 457:1 481:1 518:11,15,17 499:1 better boots 534:15,16 612:7 616:21 beg 468:1 513:2 575:21 579:16 512:25 461:1 477:1 487:1 493:1 661:1 borderline 498:1 500:1 501:1 503:1 bi 498:1,1,1 499:1,1,1 655:1 505:1 513:8 516:5 526:11 662:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3682 [born - characterizes] born bulletin 556:9 594:6,10,11,13,16,21 borrow 604:23 605:15 503:1,1 665:1 bulletins bottom 532:13 544:6 bunch bought 542:25 639:4 business box 563:13 575:8 busy brain 554:22 643:10 butch brazil 582:25 619:14 buy break 629:15 664:1 508:1 575:23 576:2,4,5,7 c 627:23 645:23,24,24 646:4 cable breakdowns 544:25 545:23 546:2,20 510:18 512:13 breaking 507:1 576:10 breaks call 520:9 602:14 617:20 623:22 628:2 668:1,1 called 550:20 457:1 458:1,1 459:1,1 breathe 619:24 breathed 592:14 606:1 460:1 463:1 464:1 465:1 470 1 473 1 56T10 568 2 593:25 597:17 598:14 599:10 600:3 602:20,23 breathing 470:1 587:13,24 briefly 544:17 551:16 559:11 640:2 644:7 663:1 603:1 617:3,18 619:20 652:1 calling 631:8 652:1,1 calls bringer 460:1 britain 504:1 653:1 453:1 559:5 cancer 5151 51722 25 610 10 611:6,25 623:22 624:2,25 brochure 641:10642:17,19643:10 593:25 594:3,23 596:1 597:17,21 598:4,8 599:3,10 599:15,15,20 600:7,12,18 601:7 602:4 603:16,18,20 603:21 605:5 659:1 brochures 643:17 cancers 623-19 624 capable 634:17 capacitor 15 21 598:12 606:18 607:11 broken 534:21 brothers 623:6 591:12,17 601:15,17,23 6047 9 18 643 6 capacitors 470:1 558:11 570:20,22 581:7 597:23 brownish 459:1 buck 618:16 capacity 6217 caps 562:22 building caption 575:16,17 636:13 built 636:23 587:13,24 carbide 553:18,22 554:1 carbon 500:1 carcinogenic 514:24 515:20 516:1,20 care 474:1 589:5 career 454:1 551:3 612:15 carney 573:18 carol 543:16 Carolina 610:23 carried 456:1 458:1,1 486:1 490:1 carry 456:1 534:12 cars 509:6 case 467:1 480:1 493:1 495:1 504:1 505:1 508:1,1,1 509:2 513:21,21 525:4 533:4,8 545:5,10,17,22,25 546:14,19,23 569:3 574:9 574:10,12 576:11 585:1,4 593:17 613:4,25 615:6,17 646:6,8,9 652:1 654:1,1,1 655:1 656:1 668:1 cases 477:1 478:1 479:1,1 495:1 504:1 505:1 513:24 544:11 544:17 554:24 571:17 575:18 615:14 617:22 620:22 624:13 643:10 catch 522:13 cats 633:6 cause 486:1 497:1 499:1 506:1 544:10 545:4 560:11 591:24 612:7 642:19 caused 485:1,1 486:1,1,1 504:1 546:15 548:7 610:10 611:25 616:21 620:4 causes 560:17,24 641:9 causing 485:1 497:1 517:3 538:20 cc 521:17 568:25 ceased 507:1 cecil 557:9 cell 498:1 cellular 525:7 526:3 cellulube 483:1 488:1 489:1 center 551:5 centigrade 601:19 cephalin 498:1,1,1 499:1,1,1 certain 467:1 473:1 534:22 549:17 651:1 certainly 486:1 487:1,1 488:1 490:1 496:1 506:1 515:25 525:8 528:7 530:16 534:11 539:23 576:12 630:10 637:13 639:2 649:1 651:1 657:1 664:1 certainty 607:8,22 608:19 611:24 certificate 626:9,20 certified 550:2 cetera 550:12 567:3 chair 453:1 576:12 chamber 575:2 601:20,21,23 604:18 chambers 575:5 chance 482:1,1 change 485:1 512:20 535:24 536:4 560:1 655:1 658:1 changed 499:1 559:21 620:19 621:12 658:1 changes 525:11 526:3,3 527:18,20 654:1 666:1 chapter 598:14,14 599:18,19 600:16 604:5 605:15,24 characterized 496:1 characterizes 496:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3683 [charge - concluded] charge chlorines coated complained 532:3,7,9,12 556:11 543:1 578:8 585:23 589:10 592:3 495:1 Charles chose coating complaints 668:1 540:10 546:6,24 511:16608:12618:8 619:2 charts chronic code complete 666:1 466:1 467:1,1 470:1,1,1 605:7 498:1 567:15 check 471:1 513:18514:1,12 colonel completely 466:1 516:8,12 517:11 531:25 548:24 490:1 498:1 543:4 621:20 checked 587:16 642:16 643:17 color 623:16 653:1 454:1 455:1 620:1 chronicity 459:1 464:1 621:10 completing checking 538:19 column 454:1 639:3 Cincinnati 544:8 545:7,8 633:2,11 complicated checks 470:1 471:1 555:3,15,25 634:18 635:5 666:1 661:1 623:8 circles combination component cheeks 468:1 463:1 483:1 484:1 485:1 509:23 496:1 circuit coming 621:24 chemical 575:12 554:21 575:15,19 584:19 components 466:1,1 467:1 468:1 469:1 circulating 586:21 484:1 512:16 469:1 480:1 496:1 497:1,1 484:1 commencing composition 509:25 512:13 517:13 circumstances 552:21 627:17 518:3,22 547:25 549:1 470:1 479:1 comments compound 553:13 610:5 619:8,23 cite 578:18 647:1 460:1,1 462:1,1,1 464:1 620:10 661:1 662:1 665:1 634:20 commercial 465:1 466:1 468:1 483:1 chemicals city 457:1 496:1,1 515:7 617:12660:1 465:1 466:1 468:1 514:16 453:1 540:21 548:12 549:6 commissioned compounds 514:18 516:22,22 550:24 claims 474:1,1 460:1 464:1 468:1 543:24 616:4,11 628:20,25 663:1 642:15 643:16 committee comprehensive chip clarify 618:14 511:7 662:1 459:1 513:11 common conceivably chloracne clean 501:1 504:1 505:1,1,1,1,1 497:1 477:1 478:1,1,1 479:1,1,1 512:20 616:9 concentration 481:1 493:1,1 494:1 495:1 clear commonly 470:1 473:1,1 478:1 523:16 495:1,1 496:1,1,1 497:1,1,1 478:1 607:3 652:1,1 667:1 468:1,1 587:18 589:14 592:15 498:1,1,1 505:1 506:1 clearance community 635:7 647:1 651:1 652:1 507:1 520:1 571:17,22 653:1 551:11 555:11 611:4 640:8 655:1,1 656:1 657:1,1 585:18 588:10,23 591:24 clearing companies 666:1 612:8,12,16,24 613:4,5,20 664:1 455:1 552:18 553:13 concentrations 614:1,13615:6,15619:7 clerk company 474:1 485:1 521:13 562:2 620:4,7,11,21 621:21 622:3 453:1 668:1,1 454:1,1 456:1 459:1 500:1 592:25 601:2 606:5,6 622:13 623:14,17 Cleveland 510:23 540:23 543:14 629:24 634:21 636:2 chlorinate 586:14 549:2 552:16 554:11 638:18,23 639:9 542:24 clinical 557:19 559:21 572:16,22 concern chlorinated 498:1 518:24 537:3 551:10 579:13 582:20 612:14 499:1 524:13 630:3 459:1,1,1,1 460:1,1,1 461:1 553:7 662:1 620:10 628:21 concerned 461:1,1,1,1 462:1,1,1,1 close comparable 486:1 488:1 499:1 516:1 463:1,1,1,1,1,1 464:1,1,1,1 545:14 541:8 524:2 609:21 611:2 616:10 464:1,1 496:1,1 498:1 closed compare 621:8 542:17,17,21,22,24,25 509:24,25 512:16 465:1 596:1 603:18,24 concerning 543:2,6,8,15,17,20,23 closet compared 456:1 566:6 590:25 608:20 544:12 545:13,18 546:9,15 630:5 582:24 concise 547:2,6,8,11,11,16,19,20 clothing comparing 528:4 667:1 547:21 548:1,1 556:16,17 512:20 592:4 614:5 584:1 concisely 570:13 582:21 593:2 CO.'S comparison 528:6 616:17642:18647:1,1,1 559:16 465:1 466:1 654:1 656:1 concluded chlorine coal compilation 634:23 635:1 462:1,1 464:1,1 515:13 477:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3684 [concludes - correct] concludes connection continue correct (cont.) 560:8 582:17 666:1 457:1 498:1 504:1 522:19 539:3 517:3 520:18 522:5 523:1 concluding connotates 571:25 524:24 532:10,11 535:22 582:19 497:1 continued 545:19 546:16,25 547:2,3 conclusion conservative 509:12 560:23 576:22 548:4,7,14 549:7,11,16,20 480:1 572:12 593:16 642:8 635:21 continues 550:8,15 551:6 552:2 642:10 643:15 656:1,1 consider 565:16 555:20 556:21 557:13,22 666:1 667:1 471:1 501:1,1,1 511:9 continuous 558:3,4,12,16,23 559:17 conclusions 526:8 539:15 661:1 606:9 560:6 562:5,18,19,22 564:3 558:22 560:4 considerable continuum 564:17,23 565:25 567:12 conclusive 460:1 526:1 466:1 567:13,16,17,20,25 568:1 641:8 considerably contradistinction 568:18,23,24 569:4,5,12,13 condensed 547:22 493:1 570:8,14,18,20 571:1,2,9 565:17 consideration contrast 573:14,15 577:7,13,24 condensers 506:1 530:10 642:13 578:3,13,19 579:22 580:14 545:9,11 considered control 580:20 581:3,4,8,12,19,25 condition 470:1 471:1 513:18 526:10 483:1,1 488:1 525:11,19 582:8 583:15,20,21,24,25 585:17 588:10,10,22,23 526:12 528:24 539:23 579:17 596:24 606:4 653:1 584:6,12,13,22 586:18,23 621:13 553:20 596:15610:3 661:1 654:1,1 655:1 587:2,9 589:25 590:1 591:2 conditions considering controlled 591:9,13,21,25 592:9,10,17 585:6 589:16 608:12 542:1 629:5,10 630:9 637:9 654:1,1 655:1 592:20 593:10 594:1,2,19 624:12 consistent controls 594:21,25 595:6,7,9,12,13 conducted 532:16 486:1 489:1 654:1 656:1,1 595:19,20,23,24 596:11,12 545:14 constitution 656:1 596:21,22 597:3,5,6,19,20 conducting 651:1 convention 597:24 598:2,5,6,15,16,24 553:15 consulted 501:1 598:25 599:5,6,12,14,16,17 conference 490:1 conversation 599:20 600:5,6,18,19 601:4 527:23 535:14 559:3 601:8 consumer 487:1 488:1 492:1 658:1 601:5,9,10,13 602:5,6,16 635:15,20 636:15,22 629:22 639:10 convinced 602:18,19,19,21,24,25 confident contact 657:1 603:2,3,9,10 604:19,25 623:13,16 627:14 532:20,21 533:18,20,25 copies 605:16,21 606:7,13,14 confined 534:5,12 558:23 560:5,10 566:23 567:16 583:10,11 607:2,4 608:6,7 609:18,22 532:25 606:1 560:16 568:22 571:8,14,16 583:23 609:23 610:14611:7,8,10 confinement 571:22 577:24 578:5 copy 611:11,17,18,21 612:8,9 633:5 580:10,19 585:24 589:5 497:1 500:1 503:1,1,1 613:8,9,21,22 614:7,13,14 confirm 591:24 592:4 593:9 596:19 557:15,17,20 558:2 559:17 614:23 615:8,21,22 616:2,3 578:24 579:5 582:13 597:1 606:10658:1 659:1,1 565:20,21 566:13,17 569:2 616:5,8,12,15,16,19 618:22 586:11 590:14 605:8,13 659:1,1,1 660:1,1 667:1,1,1 581:23 586:10 588:17 620:12,13,16 622:1,6,9,10 625:23 643:10 665:1 contacts 600:11 603:16 663:1 664:1 622:14,15,16,23,24 623:10 conflicting 589:7 666:1 667:1 623:12,20 624:19,22,23 536:10,12 contained corporation 625:14,15,19,20 626:10,11 confronted 460:1 462:1 472:1 476:1 559:22 579:3 644:14 626:13,14,17,18,21,22,25 485:1 543:14,17 565:16 599:2,19 corps 627:1,7,8,10,11,13,18,21 confuse 607:23 627:15 548:21 628:1,4,5,11,12 629:1,2,7,8 462:1 containing correct 629:11,12,25 630:7,12 confused 501:1 529:4 602:16 627:12 455:1 457:1,1,1,1 458:1,1,1 631:11,13,14,17,25 632:5 463:1,1 466:1 628:9 463:1,1 465:1 466:1,1,1,1,1 632:20,21 633:7,8,14,15,21 confusing contains 466:1 467:1,1 468:1 469:1 634:9,10,16 635:2,3,10,11 476:1,1 462:1 577:11 595:22 469:1,1 470:1 471:1,1,1 635:16,17,21,22 636:4,8,18 confusion 625:10,16 628:7 472:1,1 473:1,1,1 474:1 636:19,24,25 637:7,17,18 547:10,14,24 628:3 contamination 475:1,1 476:1 479:1,1 637:24 638:3,10,11,14,15 congress 562:1,20 592:4 480:1 481:1 484:1 485:1,1 638:20,21,25 639:10,11,19 493:1 content 489:1 492:1 494:1 495:1,1 639:20,23,24 640:20,25 Connecticut 478:1 479:1,1 495:1 496:1,1 501:1 502:1 641:1,1,10,11,13,17642:10 478:1 context 502:1 505:1 506:1 507:1 642:23,24 643:6,7,12,13,19 529:14 637:14 510:25 512:21 513:6,16 643:20 644:10,11,15,16,21 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3685 [correct - department] correct (cont.) court (cont.) cut dealing 644:22 647:1 649:1 651:1 574:3,5 575:1,5 576:15,17 480:1,1 531:3,6 537:20 515:13,19 539:16655:1 652:1 653:1,1,1,1 658:1 576:21 593:15 607:15,18 538:24 594:8 658:1 659:1 659:1,1 660:1 663:1,1,1,1 609:1,5,8,11 612:2 625:5 cyanamide dealt 664:1,1,1 665:1,1,1,1 666:1 625:14631:6 632:10 554:5 573:10 666:1,1,1 667:1 668:1 643:23,25 645:6,10,22 cyranac dear correctly 647:1 653:1 663:1 666:1 554:25 579:21 520:22 532:8 545:16 667:1 668:1,1,1,1 560:14 561:3,7 565:14,24 courtesy d death 545:6,23 546:2,14,20,21 571:13,25 572:1,10 573:5 668:1 580:6,15 583:7 585:7,15 courtroom 5554 deaths 543:23 544:10,23 545:4 586:1 587:22 588:11 589:20 593:5 601:17,25 575:22,23 576:2,3 cover 650:1 651:1 546:22 548:5 616:17,21 debate 614:8 632:17 641:5 643:1,4 557:15 558:1 559:12,13 651:1 662:1,1 562:22 565:11 584:18 correspondence 603:18,19 664:1 520:9 523:11 541:7 595:18 covered 484:1,1 485:1,1,1 486:1,1,1 486 1 492 1 497 1 528 19 6164 530:21,24 531:1 december 598:5 607:7,20 608:8,18 609:8,11 637:15 647:1 657:1 corresponding 656:1 corresponds 484:1 cost 624:1,10 covers 603:24 cream 578:10 creams 557:5 558:6 decent data 472:1,1 530:11,12 532:9,13 533:24 565:16 587:1,8 656:1 468:1 decided 470:1 483:1 defense 644:24 531:12,25 costs 531:23 council 577:23 578:11,12580:1,11 580:22 created 547:24 544:2 557:22,23 594:16,18 594:24 599:15 605:5,7,8 626:1,2 631:4 defer 593:19 define 480:1 602:8 538:8 credentials counsel 610:17,18 453:1 482:1 520:12 528:10 crises 531:16 539:2 544:14 506:1 576:19 593:15 651:1 653:1 cross 663:1 666:1 668:1 539:3 540:14 542:10 counselor 576:22 663:1 cubic 504:1 565:7 567:4,6 569:14 577:6 579:3,20 581:2 582:7 583:17 584:4,11 586:17 589:23 590:16 595:5,21 598:5 600:14 625:22,23 defined 522:9,16 defining 603:5 definite 626:6,10,20 628:23 629:4 631:3 638:8 644:17 651:1 484:1 485:1 486:1 492:1 621:4 definitely country 544:13 474:1 475:1,1,1,1,1 476:1,1 614:20 615:10 626:5 477:1 478:1 484:1,1 485:1 631:2 degree counts 498:1 486:1,1,1 492:1,1,1 493:1 501:1 504:1,1 525:3,18,21 668:1,1 600:25 607:8,21 608:19 611:24 couple 527:9,22 528:20 530:8 549:4 550:1 554:19 573:19 562:8,9,13,14 592:16 601:4 589:7 643:8 634:9,15,25,25 635:9 636:3 course 636:12,17,21 651:1,1 652:1 454:1 485:1 486:1 551:18 652:1 665:1 617:15 624:23 customer courses 593:24 598:3 599:3 600:18 467 1 474 1 479 1 483 1 485:1 512:11,12,20 515:5,5 515:14 523:22 534:7 549:25 574:6 575:13 degrees 593:3 601:19,19 604:12 615:19 delineate 603:8 577:16 633:5,12 657:1,1 658 1 463:1 demonstrated 530:7 632:20 635:2 656:1 454:1 court 453:1,1,1,1 460:1 472:1 476:1 481:1 482:1,1 483:1 501:1 507:1 509:1 520:12 524:6 526:20,23 528:1,10 602:3 606:18617:1,2,7,10 617:18619:2 customers 456:1,1 459:1,1,1 506:1 511:11 512:2,4 516:17 519:1,9 532:14 533:24 467:1 470:1 483:1 484:1 485:1 513:15,20 514:7,7 554:11 555:13 619:10,11 633 5 13 13 14 17 17 25 666:1,1 666:1 demonstrative 604:9 department 456:1,1,1,1 462:1 502:1 529:17 549:22 551:18 529:10 531:16 535:10,13 539:1,20 540:13 542:8 538:13 539:5,10,25 594:4 502:1 623:5 597:5,22,22 612:11 618:19 553:8 563:18,19 564:22 579:1 582:6 584:17,19 544:14 553:9 559:2,4,19,23 657:1 559:25 563:5 573:21,25 522 24 523 20 528 2 576:18 657:1 586:22 587:12,24 590:16 617:14 618:10,21 624:3,16 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3686 [department - document] department (cont.) determining dip discussed (cont.) 644:13 532:9 561:10 613:1 616:14,18 627:4 628:16 departments detroit diphenyl 637:4 666:1 540:21 617:10 459:1,1,1 460:1,1,1 461:1,1 discusses depend develop 461:1 462:1,1,1,1 463:1,1,1 506:1 546:19 567:23 588:2 458:1 523:17 619:7,23 463:1,1,1 464:1,1 498:1 633:6 643:14 depending developed 542:17,21,22,25 543:6,9 discussing 576:1,6 478:1 489:1 498:1 571:18 547:17,19,21 548:1 506:1 577:16,17 582:16 depends 612:24615:15620:19,21 diphenylbenzene 583:19 589:24 603:20 512:8 624:2 542:18 543:2,8,20 547:20 631:19 636:6 637:23 652:1 deposition development 548:2 663:1 533:17 600:10 603:15 455:1 551:17594:11 650:1 diphenyls discussion depositions develops 458:1 461:1 547:11 593:3 453:1 482:1 543:23 545:25 533:7 522:22 647:1 571:20 572:3 577:11 579:6 dermatologist diabetes dipping 607:16 609:6 630:17,25 620:23 550:12 614:3,11 615:10 645:13 659:1 665:1 666:1 dermatology diagnose direct discussions 598:9,14 599:19 600:17 550:13 497:1 498:1 509:12 520:16 575:2,5 664:1,1 604:5 605:16 diagnosed 523:15 531:13,19 561:12 disease describe 479:1,1 668:1 522:22 523:17 550:12 551:16561:10612:10 diagnosis directed 585:21 632:25 643:11 521:13 598:4 599:4 602:4 diseased described dictate 618:21 638:17 499:1 613:19619:1 579:14 directive dispersed describes die 618:14,18,23 606:3 587:19 615:20 626:15 468:1 489:1 624:24,25 director disseminate 634:4 665:1 died 454:1,1 455:1,1,1 500:1 456:1 describing 483:1 489:1 553:6 556:13 502:1,1 547:5 549:9,12,23 disseminated 560:9 606:19 563:14 552:22 553:3,4 554:15 594:6 description dielectric 557:7,11 562:25 563:7,8 distilation 472:1 484:1 568:8 558:9,10 597:22 602:16 579:1 606:16 609:16,20,24 665:1 designations 621:7 612:6 615:25 616:21 617:6 distinctions 458:1 dielectrics 618:12 622:17 661:1 647:1 designed 470:1 602:11 directors divide 458:1 466:1 470:1 517:22 differ 519:16 563:16,22 608:14 633:25 517:24 518:2,4 597:21 467:1 disabling doctor desirable difference 587:22 456:1 467:1,1 472:1,1 578:9,17 496:1 522:20 542:16 562:8 disagreed 473:1 474:1 475:1 476:1 despite 654:1,1 655:1,1,1,1 656:1 610:25 477:1,1 478:1 484:1 485:1 535:24 536:4 539:10 differences disagreeing 486:1 487:1,1,1 489:1 destructive 654:1,1 655:1,1 472:1 491:1 492:1 493:1,1 494:1 462:1 different disbelieve 496:1 497:1,1 498:1 504:1 detail 458:1 459:1 464:1,1 470:1 489:1 506:1 507:1 508:1 510:13 560:9 577:11 485:1,1,1 496:1 521:14 discharge 510:20 520:16 525:20 detailed 543:4,5 548:3 570:19 548:23 527:15 528:1 535:6 537:19 565:11 568:10,14 573:19 621:9 622:4 628:21 discharged 540:5 549:5 550:21 553:9 details 632:3,22 637:22 639:14 535:7 559:7 573:25 575:2 609:8 492:1 645:3 differentiation discovered 609:14 647:1 651:1 653:1 determination 467:1 555:24 644:9 655:1 657:1 660:1,1 668:1 561:14 differently discuss doctors determinations 468:1,1,1 469:1 523:24 490:1 508:1,1 574:10,11 454:1 455:1 563:19 498:1,1 difficult 578:12 646:8,9 document determine 588:11,23 661:1 discussed 460:1 461:1 462:1 472:1,1 470:1 474:1,1 499:1 519:25 diligence 481:1 485:1 490:1,1 545:6 473:1 477:1,1 481:1,1 534:9 536:14 538:19 539:6 509:2 547:6 548:6 556:17 572:23 482:1,1 500:1 502:1 531:20 657:1,1 661:1 573:1 589:15 606:7 607:10 557:4 573:19 595:3 600:3 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3687 [document - engineer] document (cont.) dr (cont.) duration elaine 600:11 665:1 590:2,14 593:21 595:4,15 471:1 575:6 documents 596:16 597:7 600:20 602:1 duties electric 473:1 477:1 532:17 593:14 603:11 604:20 606:15 454:1 455:1,1 510:23 557:18 559:16,21 dog 607:6,19 608:10,17 609:16 duty 559:22 565:7 579:3 581:7 468:1 610:13,16611:5,12,19 559:5 575:12_____________ 603:1 644:14 dogs 612:6613:10614:15 e electrical 458:1 468:1,1 doing 615:23,24,24 619:14 623:4 623:6,18 625:1,8 628:14 earlier 457:1 469:1 535:15,19 493:1 582:22 597:19 598:4 599:3,4,11 600:4,13 602:4 460:1 491:1 511:25 515:4 516:7,24 520:25 521:11 632:2 634:4,23 635:5 636:1 636:10,11,22 637:5,20 551:2 589:15 early 602:17 603:22 613:5 elevated 550:20,24 552:14 618:7 665:1 domain 639:12,18 640:16 641:3,6 641:14,18,23 642:5 643:21 469:1 514:13 594:20,22 612:15 624:7 662:1,1 644:6,23 645:16 647:1 east 498:1,1,1,1 532:24 596:24 606:2 619:12,12,25 elevation 566:11 648:1 649:1,1 651:1,1,1 dosage 652:1,1,1 657:1,1 658:1 490:1 659:1 661:1 662:1,1 663:1 dose 663:1,1 664:1 667:1 668:1 465:1 467:1,1 468:1,1,1 draft 487:1 488:1 665:1 596:23 640:5 doses draining 487:1 611:6,15 640:19 601:20 dow drawer 554:2 555:13 downs drinker 480:1 458:1,1 459:1,1 460:1,1 dr 461:1 464:1 465:1 542:19 453:1,1,1,1,1 457:1 458:1,1 544:16 545:1 546:22 460:1,1,1,1 461:1 462:1,1 547:16,18 548:6 555:9,12 463:1 464:1 466:1 471:1,1 555:17,17 615:24 473:1 474:1 475:1 477:1,1 drinker's 477:1,1 478:1 479:1 480:1 461:1 557:9 596:16 481:1,1 482:1 486:1 490:1 drinks 490:1 491:1 495:1 499:1 499:1 500:1 503:1 504:1 505:1 drives 509:13 510:22 511:13 585:5 513:12515:16517:1,10 drop 557:19 ed 579:16 585:3 586:2 589:22 editor 499:1 ellis 623:6 elmer 640:5,6,14 education 454:1 educational 502:1,1,1 551:25 564:12 565:5 567:9,10 568:7 573:4 577:6 578:25 580:6 581:2 581:18,20 582:5,17 583:1 453:1 454:1 effect 467:1 492:1,1,1 497:1,1 500:1 524:2,14,17 527:11 528:12 529:21 530:3 536:14,16,19 537:7,13,25 560:13,18 597:2 607:12 636:10,20 effective 534:14 583:14 613:13,17 644:12 else's 460:1 emeritus 551:8 eminence 621:21 emmet 453:1,1 501:1,1,1,1 employed effectively 549:8 effects 467:1 470:1 492:1 493:1 546:8 employee 498:1 595:8 employees 504:1 517:3,7 518:3,8,22 454:1 456:1 459:1 498:1,1 518:6,21 519:3 520:3,8,15 470:1 521:7 523:1,23 524:21 dropped 526:16,20 528:11 529:13 506:1 530:20 531:12 532:4 drums 535:16 536:9 537:5 539:15 510:3 540:4,16 542:12,16 543:21 dryness 525:4,9,16 527:16 530:1 538:20 556:16 560:13,17 561:2 596:11 632:4 636:1 642:9,16 643:17 660:1 661:1 efficient 507:1,1 509:14,18 510:14 511:13 512:6,19,24 519:14 519:19,22,25 520:6,7 538:5 623:9,19,23 624:9 628:25 658:1 662:1 employment 543:22 544:19 547:4 548:6 560:12,24 548:6,9 550:3 551:2,16 due 552:18,24 553:3,5,13 555:9 496:1 543:23 616:10,17 555:17,21 556:1,4,4,7,14 620:7,15 623:15 556:19,22 557:8,9,23 duly 558:14,21 559:11 560:2,4 453:1 560:22 561:9,22 563:6 dunk 564:4,14,16,18 565:4,8,17 483:1 565:21 566:1,6,12 567:11 duplicated 575:10 593:16 efforts 523:15 eight 474:1 621:16 656:1 657:1 658:1 either 480:1 489:1 490:1 491:1 510:12 517:20 523:4 551:19 enclosed 546:12 568:7 589:17 engage 457:1 engaged 454:1 456:1 457:1 460:1 552:17 engaging 567:18,23 568:25 569:2 462:1 572:19 573:16 576:24 dupont 577:4 578:24 580:24 582:2 553:16 555:5,6 582:6 584:8,24 586:6,11 527:12 531:10 534:13 540:20 589:17 610:22 614:21 626:5 640:9 642:5 456:1 engineer 584:15 586:12 589:23 590:22 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3688 [engineering - exposures] engineering establishing excessively experienced 606:4 500:1,1 528:11 592:13 490:1 623:3 england et excluding experiences 502:1,1,1 503:1,1 504:1 514:5 550:12 567:3 643:4 628:3 615:15 520:10 529:16,23 541:8 europe excuse experiment 636:8 647:1 648:1 653:1 499:1 500:1 501:1 520:10 482:1 558:24 577:21 486:1 english 524:1 607:13 608:22 615:1 experimental 457:1 500:1 515:17 639:4 evening 634:19 651:1 667:1 525:10 596:8 601:1 636:11 enormously 574:13 executive 654:1 655:1,1 666:1 536:2 event 618:14 experimentalist ensure 475:1 492:1 512:6 545:9 exhaust 556:3 454:1 eventually 546:12 577:12,18 579:8,15 experimentation entering 553:3 601:20 603:8 604:16 456:1 506:1 601:22 604:17 everybody exhibit experiments enthusiastic 493:1 624:23 460:1,1 462:1 472:1 477:1 462:1 471:1 485:1 490:1 562:16 everytime 481:1,1 497:1 500:1 502:1 491:1 560:9 633:4 635:19 entire 540:8 510:20,21 520:12,13 expert 456:1 evidence 531:14,17,20 543:22,25 489:1 490:1,1 491:1,1 entirely 498:1 508:1 525:6 574:9 556:23,24 557:22 558:1 501:1,1,1,1 507:1 546:12 548:2 593:13 641:8 646:7 655:1 559:20 560:22 565:1,4 experts entitled 662:1 566:1,5 567:8,14,18 568:12 489:1 579:16 565:12 567:2 evidences 569:6 571:6 573:17 577:2,4 explain environment 540:2 578:24,24 580:6,23 581:14 459:1 465:1 468:1 529:8 473:1 512:12 550:18 552:1 evolutionary 582:2 583:13 584:1,2,8 537:20 539:2,3 610:16 644:10,21 549:24 586:6,11 590:2,7,9 593:22 explained environmental evolved 593:24 595:3,4 596:1 525:13 619:21 642:17,23 643:18 644:24 596:9,24 606:2 597:17 599:7,24,25 600:2 explaining epa exact 600:21 603:4,11,14,14,19 526:6 610:22 570:15 627:16 604:4,21,22 605:15 607:11 explanation epidemiologic exactly 607:23 613:11,16 614:25 652:1 642:16 643:16 491:1 497:1 660:1 625:9,21,22 626:7,19 expose epidemiological examination 628:17 630:15,21 631:1,6,8 634:7 657:1 539:5 661:1 453:1 509:12 539:3 540:14 632:7,13 635:4 637:4 exposed epidemiology 542:10 576:22 647:1 663:1 639:13,13,18 641:18,20 467:1,1 470:1 478:1 479:1 610:24 668:1 643:21 645:4 651:1 653:1 479:1 494:1,1 504:1 505:1 equals examinations 654:1,1 659:1,1 662:1 523:17 525:14,17 545:10 640:8 454:1 511:5 662:1,1,1 663:1,1 664:1,1,1 665:1,1 545:13617:19618:3 equated examine 667:1,1 632:20 633:11,20 634:2 536:1 454:1 455:1 661:1 663:1 exhibits 642:21 653:1 654:1 656:1,1 err examined 473:1 511:25 566:25 657:1,1 658:1,1,1 539:17 491:1 661:1,1 593:17 597:8 625:10 exposing error examines 627:23 630:19 633:16 590:6 550:21 expect exposure eruption example 487:1,1 665:1 479:1 480:1,1 496:1 504:1 585:19 596:20 475:1 665:1 expected 509:15,20 510:2,2,4,6,10 escape exceed 574:2 619:24 510:12,15,19511:9,14 615:18 473:1 642:20 expenditures 512:5 517:7 522:23 524:14 especially exceeded 521:17 525:16 550:23 571:21,24 493:1 589:6 589:16 experience 582:24 585:18 596:9 establish excellent 470:1 504:1 505:1,1,1 600:21 601:25 614:6 620:7 528:12 541:4 520:4 556:3 564:8 506:1,1,1,1 516:16 518:24 620:15 623:15 632:4,18 established exception 528:17 536:2 537:3 539:24 633:4 634:8,24 641:9 528:23 533:22 535:21 454:1 464:1 506:1 507:1 539:25 571:18 572:23 642:17 643:18 656:1 657:1 538:14 594:13 540:1 548:16 621:4 628:6 573:3,13 579:10,12 582:17 657:1 658:1 666:1 establishes excessive 582:21,23 612:16 637:1 exposures 528:15 592:13 661:1 477:1 512:13 513:16 517:9 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3689 [exposures - found] exposures (cont.) falls final floyd 518:5 535:25 552:2,3,4 465:1 592:11 584:21 573:1 587:18,21 588:9,22 familiar finally fluid 616:22 514:4,10,11 515:6,11,12,18 596:23 470:1,1 482:1 602:16 expressed 585:21 645:2 find fluids 656:1 far 456:1 458:1,1 460:1 465:1 458:1 558:9,10 582:22 expressing 468:1 486:1 488:1 534:16 465:1 490:1 518:4 523:12 flynn 524:13 611:1 616:15621:6 641:8 524:16 529:21 530:2 620:25 extensive fashion 531:15 536:16 544:21 focus 504:1 597:1 638:9 504:1 522:7 534:20 653:1 545:8 558:21 561:4 566:3 598:13 599:24 639:8 extraneous fatal 567:6 577:25 579:8 584:8 focusing 606:23 659:1,1 660:1 544:10,11 587:22 616:14 584:24 586:6 587:3 590:2,4 637:19 extruded fatalities 593:22 597:9 598:8 599:7 fold 470:1 459:1 619:10 605:17 613:10 632:7 637:3 500:1,1,1 503:1 extruding fats 639:13 641:18 645:4 folder 470:1 580:9 667:1 finding 627:3 eyes favor 455:1 456:1 521:13 523:14 follow 593:1_____________________ 666:1 525:21,23 611:12638:17 486:1 487:1 565:10 571:12 f february findings 572:21 587:16 589:4 face 496:1 facilities 582:25 facility 502:1 fact 479:1 482:1 492:1 495:1 544:3 582:7 fed 611:6,15640:18 federal 540:20 feed 468:1 feeding 525:8,24 536:2 611:19 finds 525:17 fine 524:11 559:8 finish 526:23 finished 592:12 601:16 617:2 632:16 643:3 666:1 followed 606:17 607:9,24 608:2 following 456:1 547:8 593:13 601:19 656:1 follows 496:1 499:1,1 506:1 512:15 514:19 515:25 516:7 519:3 525:17 526:16 527:11 529:14 530:1 531:2 534:24 535:24 539:15 548:2 562:7 621:9 632:2,25 634:4 635:18 651:1 658:1 factor 500:1,1 501:1,1 503:1 504:1,1,1 505:1 506:1 458:1 460:1 626:16,23 feel 504:1 505:1 506:1 645:11 feelings 642:8 female 611:9,9 640:18 females 611:8 fend 455:1 526:20 621:7 453:1 first footnote 453:1 458:1,1 462:1 463:1 546:6 478:1 480:1 483:1 493:1 forced 528:12 529:6 536:6 549:4 562:3 552:19 556:23 560:21 forceps 569:17 571:5 575:6 577:9 613:1 577:20 579:9,19 584:25 ford 586:16 587:4,4 588:5 589:3 573:6,12617:11,11,12 592:12 605:23 614:1 615:6 forget 529:2,21 636:13,23 factors 497:1 636:7 factory 546:5,20 faded 621:13 fahrenheit 593:3 601:19 603:8 604:13 615:19 failed 578:11,12,16,17,17 580:12 580:13,13 feral 480:1 field 552:17618:15651:1 fifth 545:23 546:2,14 fifties 469:1,1 490:1 figure 617:5 623:22 624:5 632:11 641:3 fit 660:1 five 455:1 459:1,1 468:1 476:1 506:1 590:10 603:13 633:5 633:17,20 634:1,2 fixed 481:1 fixing 563:16 form 542:4 558:25 565:19 596:20 forth 647:1 657:1 forties 469:1,1 forty 464:1 487:1 forward 609:19 fair 486:1 493:1 fairly 578:9 582:13 fall 466:1 494:1 480:1 566:13 569:2 file flinn found 557:14,17,20 558:2 559:16 544:16 545:1 546:22 548:6 455:1 462:1,1 463:1 474:1 566:18 flocculation 478:1,1,1,1 481:1 494:1,1 filled 498:1,1,1 499:1,1 495:1 497:1 507:1 520:6 612:21,21 flocculations 524:2,14 525:2,14 534:21 filling 499:1 535:25 537:16 547:21 510:1,3,17 554:22,22 569:7,8 584:10 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3690 [found - halowax] found (cont.) g gloves graduate 586:16 587:6 588:12 garments 562:22 578:8 585:24,25 454:1 605:19611:5 612:18 562:21 596:25 606:11 592:3 606:11 graduated 620:14 624:17,18,21 632:4 garrett go 453:1 636:1,21 640:18 641:5,14 581:17,21 647:1 454:1 456:1 470:1 487:1,1 grain 642:6 654:1 655:1 658:1 gas 490:1,1 491:1,1 493:1,1 476:1 662:1 664:1 four 476:1,1,1,1 479:1 gases 504:1 509:8,9 520:8 522:17 grains 522:19 525:1 526:19 476:1,1 478:1,1,1 479:1 480:1 476:1,1 528:10 545:3 561:17 gram 494:1 506:1 513:13,18 514:3,22,25 518:20 548:16 ge 602:13 608:15 577:10 582:12 588:5 589:8 475:1 476:1 590:4 620:17 629:14 630:5 grams 548:20 552:11,12,13,20 general 630:22 634:22 639:3 664:1 656:1,1 558:14 617:22 628:6 593:4 603:1 606:3 642:21 664:1 gravity 636:13 639:15 643:22 664:1 goal 665:1 fourteen generalized 606:17 658:1,1 great 495:1 fourth 497:1 generally goes 505:1 532:9 571:19 572:3 504:1 522:24 523:19 528:1 653:1 657:1 545:5,17 571:10 579:9 468:1 602:17 645:2 573:9 578:12 615:20 greatest 592:2 generic 619:21 621:25 653:1 562:17 frame 602:10 going greatly 458:1 614:22 gentleman 459:1 463:1 466:1 470:1,1 578:18 frank 646:3 478:1 482:1 490:1,1 497:1 greenberg 590:18,21 gentlemen 497:1 500:1 503:1,1,1 543:25 544:2,19 545:5,17 frankly 453:1 508:1 509:1 542:9 508:1,1 509:4,7 511:24 545:21,22 546:14,19 548:7 494:1 537:10 572:17 605:11 frederick 620:25 559:6 573:2 574:6,7,12 575:1,9 645:10 646:5,10 668:1 german 521:20 522:1,11 523:4 616:18 528:3 540:6 543:21 551:22 grounds 554:24 558:25 573:18,21 535:9 574:7 576:25 577:2 581:6 group free 556:10 598:12,12 599:24 624:24 460:1 468:1 469:1,1,1 525:15 598:22 599:2 germany 628:17 630:3,3 632:7 474:1 480:1 501:1 527:5 645:11 frequently 556:9 getting 634:14,22 638:23 639:3,9 529:9 537:2 540:19 541:8 639:17 645:23,23,25 646:4 551:4 623:23,25 624:15 506:1 622:21 fresh 463:1 484:1 511:24 523:18 530:10 535:19 536:10 646:4,10 647:1 652:1 653:1 640:5 653:1,1 653:1 656:1 659:1 groups 576:13,15 front 562:7 662:1 gimmick good 453:1,1,1 472:1 507:1 568:10 654:1,1 655:1 growing 518:12 577:8 584:18 full 612:25 gist 556:2 564:8 574:13 576:18 550:1 552:16 576:20 578:7 580:2,8 589:3 growth 454:1 549:22 560:21 511:19 593:4 605:9 611:3,3 640:10 666:1 fully 528:2 fume 552:3 fumes give 465:1,1 467:1,1 494:1 667:1 goodness 509:9 537:21 576:6 586:10 461:1 462:1 547:19,20 586:15 625:7 668:1,1 gosh given 469:1 527:4 621:15 623:1 guess 463:1 473:1 491:1,1 500:1 515:16 526:8 536:13 621:15 638:4 guessing 532:24 545:10,13 619:11 function 455:1 498:1,1,1 499:1 454:1 473:1 489:1 516:3,6 gotten 528:1 665:1 574:6 gives government 464:1 guinea 515:5 525:4 633:6 654:1,1 507:1,1,1 511:8 519:22 465:1 522:23 656:1 474:1,1 475:1 478:1 480:1 654:1,1 655:1,1 656:1,1 538:4 662:1,1 giving 480:1 481:1 500:1 501:1 666:1____________________ functions 467:1 468:1,1 530:10 576:6 527:5 528:23 529:9 537:2 h 499:1 fund 661:1 gland 610:21 governmental half 463:1 465:1 466:1 483:1,1 644:24 further 530:2 531:3 645:15,19 656:1 668:1 496:1 glass 554:9 527:24 538:8 601:8 635:15 484:1,1,1,1,1 492:1 534:7 635:20 636:23 grade 578:8 657:1 halowax 459:1,1,1,1,1 460:1,1,1,1,1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3691 [halowax - households] halowax (cont.) harm heated (cont.) 461:1,1,1,1,1 543:13,17 607:24 615:19 636:2 547:15 harmful heavier halowaxes 467:1,1,1 525:4 525:19 656:1 460:1 461:1 harold heavy halved 502:1 559:8 527:6 harvard heeks hand 458:1 459:1 555:10,14 510:22 662:1 543:21 567:19 576:25 556:19 held 577:23 578:10 580:1 haskell 453:1 482:1 607:16 609:6 590:11 595:2 628:17 553:17,18 556:11,12 557:7 630:17 645:13 659:1 643:21 557:11 helmer handful hazards 651:1 652:1,1 653:1,1 516:17,23 540:1 617:1 456:1 642:22 664:1 667:1 619:1 hazelet help handing 563:11 552:16 590:5 523:10 625:8 hazelton hemoglobin handle 555:3,7 655:1 575:24,24 head hepatic handled 490:1 500:1 502:1,1 584:16 525:7 585:23 623:24 headquarters hepatitis handling 584:19 586:21 619:8,8,23 504:1 563:1 568:17 579:13 heal hepatomas 582:21 586:4 589:25 591:6 585:20 588:11,23 611:13640:18641:15 597:18 598:23 599:10 healed hexachlorodiphenyl 600:3,12 603:21 605:21,24 621:20 569:21 570:11 606:17 607:9,22 617:8 healing hide 618:19 526:4 473:1 hands health high 534:7,10 598:22 599:2 454:1 456:1 459:1 478:1 466:1 493:1 504:1 524:22 612:22,25 614:3,11 615:11 540:4 555:10 556:16,20 538:10,12,15 539:17 handwriting 608:21 609:17,21 642:9,16 592:24 596:9 601:18 604:2 643:17660:1 661:1,1,1,1 604:12 611:6,15 636:3 happen healthy 640:19 470:1 494:1,1 517:13 550:22 higher 522:21 hear 540:9,10 545:13 546:9,15 happened 484:1 491:1 501:1 509:16 547:2 647:1 483:1 487:1 531:2 615:20 521:21 533:6 535:17 537:5 highest 617:20 621:16 637:9,10 540:7 543:16 583:3 645:18 466:1 500:1 634:8 657:1 happening 647:1 655:1 664:1 665:1 665:1 455:1 490:1,1 519:4,6 heard highlight 551:1 500:1,1 508:1 510:9 511:10 654:1,1 happy 511:15512:1,4 514:22 highly 593:19618:16 515:22 574:10 621:23 642:18 hard 644:23,25 646:7 highway 468:1 558:20 567:6 572:8 hearing 629:20 585:20 605:10 453:1 574:14 hire hardware hears 552:6 648:1 664:1,1 497:1 histopathology hardy heart 525:5 541:7 628:24 629:5 630:8 550:12,13 history 637:16 647:1 650:1 651:1,1 heat 522:23 571:18 615:16 651:1,1 663:1 470:1 493:1,1 615:17 665:1 hardy's 617:22 619:3,5,22 hold 504:1 heated 559:5 611:23 585:1,5 592:14 601:23 holding 567:18 holes 640:9 656:1 homes 664:1 honest 461:1 462:1 547:19,20 honor 460:1 461:1 481:1 482:1 509:11 520:13 528:9 529:8 535:12 542:5 553:12 558:24 559:10,24 563:4 573:18 576:24 593:12,20 595:4 607:13 608:22,25 609:4 612:1 625:6 639:15 645:9 659:1 662:1 666:1 667:1 668:1,1 honorable 548:23 hood 598:23 hook 542:23 hope 503:1 532:18 576:12 653:1 hormonal 497:1 horse 459:1 464:1 hospital 453:1 hospitalized 618:7 hospitals 551:4 hot 470:1,1,1 600:24 630:11,11 664:1,1 hour 498:1 575:23 657:1 hourly 624:10 hours 474:1 483:1,1 485:1 633:5 633:12 657:1 658:1 666:1 house 457:1,1 553:14,20 554:11 554:13 630:3 household 629:6 637:6 638:24 647:1 648:1,1,1,1,1,1 649:1,1,1,1 649:1,1,1,1 650:1,1,1,1 663:1,1 households 648:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3692 [howard - installations] howard ii 520:17,19,24 563:15 595:23 613:7 huh 615:11 518:18 iii hum 656:1 660:1 illness human 496:1 504:1 540:2 501:1 505:1,1 528:17 illnesses 539:16 608:20 642:9 651:1 505:1 550:11 661:1,1,1 imagine humans 645:21 469:1 485:1 504:1,1 505:1 immediate 539:6 560:24 610:11 603:9 611:25 661:1,1 impact hundreds 576:5 516:21 537:3 660:1 implying hunt 530:20 552:18 importance hydraulic 562:1 458:1 470:1,1,1 482:1 important hydrocarbon 562:18 585:22 593:9 568:3 impossible hydrocarbons 485:1 659:1 543:1 556:17 impregnate hygiene 459:1 527:5 529:9 540:21 557:20 impregnated 559:16 562:17 563:17 545:12 614:5 565:6 566:9,10 568:5 579:2 impregnating 584:15,17 586:2,12 587:12 601:23 604:18 587:24 589:23 590:16 impregnation 632:8 635:13 650:1 651:1 601:20 657:1 impregnations hygienist 601:15,18 604:8,9 456:1 474:1 501:1 502:1,1 impression 551:23 564:5,9,19 569:11 541:10 613:25 improved hygienists 498:1 475:1 478:1 493:1 500:1 inaccurate 502:1 527:24 528:24 538:8 658:1 540:20,23 541:23 551:24 inaudible 552:9,13 564:14 601:8 456:1 479:1 482:1 483:1 629:24 635:16,20 636:16 496:1 501:1 520:19 524:5 636:23 529:11 536:2 550:20 i 553:11 555:25 575:21 idea 476:1 652:1,1 ideal 658:1 597:25 612:14,20 613:4 618:6 662:1 incidence 525:10 641:10 identical 596:3 603:21,25 604:1,7 identify 500:1 564:25 565:3 566:2,5 incident 613:20615:3619:3,13 622:4 incidents 567:1 573:16 597:7 604:20 617:2 627:24 639:12,13 ignorant include 652:1 662:1 490:1,1 included industry (cont.) 498:1 605:2 664:1 629:23 including inerteen 551:5 607:11 612:22 628:8 557:6 558:6,7,8,22 560:5 incorrect 560:10,23 561:11,14 563:2 494:1 570:19 581:23 585:5,16,23 increase 586:4 587:1,8,19,20 589:10 496:1 589:25 591:1,6,12,12,17 increased 592:14,23 593:9 602:13,24 496:1 641:10 653:1 inferior increasment 622:8 656:1 inferred increments 639:2 465:1 inflammation index 619:9 623:22 665:1 information indiana 455:1 456:1,1,1,1,1,1 457:1 564:7 572:24 619:14,16,18 488:1,1,1,1 494:1,1 527:4 644:14 568:6,17 573:8 595:22 indicate 664:1,1 665:1,1 529:2 561:1 ingestion indicated 596:10 504:1,1 560:13,17 653:1,1 ingredients 659:1 459:1 620:16 indicates inhalation 569:17 571:20 584:18 458:1,1 459:1,1,1 470:1,1 586:20 601:2 471:1,1 484:1,1,1 486:1 indication 514:1 532:22 558:15 571:23 571:21 619:11 652:1 individual inhale 522:22 550:22 556:10 532:24 563:19 610:25 inhaled individuals 483:1 600:25 640:6 injuries industrial 506:1 608:13 617:17 618:8 456:1 458:1 466:1 474:1 injurious 475:1 478:1 493:1 500:1 560:13,17 561:2 666:1 501:1 502:1,1,1 514:15,18 injury 516:22,22 520:5 521:15 506:1 525:7 571:24 587:21 527:5,23,24 528:24 529:9 616:1,10,13,14632:20 538:8 540:19,21,23,23 635:2 656:1 666:1 541:23 551:23,24 552:9,13 inquiries 557:19 559:16 563:17,24 456:1 618:7 564:5,8,13,19 565:6 566:8 inquiring 566:10 568:5 569:11 579:2 569:18 570:4 584:14,16 586:2,12 587:12 inquiry 587:23 589:23 590:16 462:1 610:4,4,5 613:25 616:9,11 inside 619:15 629:21,23 632:8 642:1 635:13 636:15,22 638:19 inspections 650:1 651:1 657:1 660:1 519:9 industry installation 465:1 517:6 541:5 545:24 493:1,1 617:24,25 546:3 597:19 598:4 599:4 installations 599:11 600:4,13 602:4,12 454:1 602:17 603:23 613:5 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3693 [instance - kinds] instance intervals 617:9 454:1 511:6 662:1 instances intricacies 498:1 506:1 612:10 634:22 institute investigated 553:19 620:14 institutes investigation 642:1 626:13 institution investigators 555:9 643:10 institutions involve 540:22 555:14 511:7 582:11 instructions involved 568:15 606:18 607:9,22 494:1 530:21,23 608:2 involves instrument 510:1 568:11 involving insulation 637:15 459:1 irrelevant insurance 655:1 623:24,25 624:1 irritant insured 585:17 588:19 624:8 irritating intelligence 588:7,19 534:12 irritation intend 588:2 592:25 575:20 irvin intending 646:12 533:23 ishigawa interest 515:13 662:1 isolated interested 506:1 516:17 540:1 656:1 465:1 523:14 573:2 581:10 issue 605:3 662:1 565:19 608:24 interface issued 550:18 618:18,23 intermittent issues 632:18 666:1 481:1 internal items 550:4,9,10 551:10 587:21 656:1 628:15 internally 588:8,21 internist 550:13 internship 550:6 interpret 504:1 653:1 interpretation 501:1 611:1 664:1 interrupt 630:23 interval 601:25 j j.w. 663:1 jack 581:17,21 jama 541:15,16614:16 james 573:6 january 454:1 549:9 600:14,17 603:23 japanese 515:15 jaundice 544:11 618:4,6 job kelly 551:25 552:4 609:17,21 453:1,1,1,1,1 457:1 460:1 joe 462:1,1 463:1 466:1 471:1 652:1,1 664:1 475:1 481:1,1 482:1 490:1 john 491:1 499:1 505:1 509:13 553:3 511:13513:12515:16 johnny 517:1,10 518:6 519:3 520:3 563:13 520:8,15 521:7 523:1,23 john's 526:16,20 528:11 529:13 551:5 530:20 531:12 532:4 johnson 535:16 536:9 537:5 539:15 552:24,25 540:16 542:12,16 543:21 joints 543:22 544:19 547:4 548:9 479:1 550:3 551:2,16 553:13 journal 556:4,22 557:23 559:11 541:11,13,17,19,22 614:16 560:2 563:6 564:4 565:4,8 619:18 635:13 639:25 566:1 567:18 572:19 640:2,4,13 666:1 667:1 573:16 576:11,24 577:4 journals 578:24 580:24 582:2 584:8 640:12 584:24 586:6,11 590:2,14 judge 593:21 595:4,15 597:7 531:14 575:12,15 600:20 602:1 603:11 judicial 604:20 606:15 607:6,19 559:20,25 608:10,17609:16612:6 july 613:10614:15615:23 565:7,9 567:8,21 623:18 625:1,8 628:14 june 637:5 639:12 641:6,18 565:19 567:4,6 583:17 643:21 644:6,23 645:16 584:1 594:18 626:10,20 647:1 648:1,1 649:1,1 juries 657:1,1 658:1 659:1 661:1 522:24 523:3,19 662:1 663:1,1 667:1 juror kennerly 575:6,6 471:1 jurors kept 523:19 621:17 623:18 624:12 jury kettering 453:1 455:1 457:1 458:1 521:16 555:2,23 565:12 463:1 464:1 465:1 467:1 567:4 569:1 469:1 472:1 473:1 474:1 kidneys 475:1 478:1 482:1 483:1 654:1,1,1 655:1 484:1 499:1 530:19 532:19 kill 542:9 544:9 545:3 551:17 466:1,1 523:13 557:4 571:12 575:8 580:5 kills 589:9 602:8 610:17 612:10 465:1 613:21 617:24,24 658:1 kimbrough justice 540:3,4610:13611:5,12 508:1 574:8 646:5 639:19 640:16 641:3,14,23 k keep 503:1 511:25,25 522:11 551:1 553:9 554:21,23 607:3 618:5 keeping 598:22 599:1 keeps 642:5 kimbrough's 610:16611:19 kind 472:1,1 537:13 553:10 629:13 664:1 kinds 661:1 612:25 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3694 [knew - liver] knew laboratories leave lieutenant 492:1 535:6 564:10 615:24 457:1 458:1 471:1 553:15 534:7 548:24 621:1 651:1 659:1 661:1 553:18 555:4,7,8 556:11,12 leaving life 662:1 557:7 565:12 625:18 626:9 534:8 539:16 548:16 556:9 know 626:19 left lifetime 459:1 460:1 464:1,1 470:1 laboratory 552:11,12,19 573:5,10 474:1 517:14 518:2,22 473:1 474:1 475:1,1 477:1 458:1,1 490:1 511:7 521:16 589:7 611:7,16640:19657:1,1 478:1 479:1 480:1 481:1 554:12,14,16,23 555:1,2,3 legs lighting 482:1,1 483:1,1,1 488:1,1,1 555:5,21,23 557:12,20 559:6,7 645:11 552:1 489:1 491:1 495:1,1,1,1 567:4 569:1 598:19,21 length limit 497:1 499:1,1 500:1 503:1 637:2 642:19 662:1 471:1 534:9 473:1 474:1,1,1 513:16 506:1 507:1,1 510:18 labs lethal 522:8,16 523:8 527:21 515:17516:18517:12 625:17 638:10,13 465:1 636:16 657:1,1,1 518:8,14 519:3,5,6,18,20 ladies letter limited 519:21,23,24 520:3,4,5,21 453:1 508:1 509:1 542:8 500:1,1 501:1 502:1 503:1 504:1 628:20,25 629:18 521:9,10 522:7,15 523:7,21 559:5 574:5,7,12 575:1,9 503:1,1,1 505:1 510:22 663:1 526:14 527:4 528:13 645:10 646:3,5,10 668:1 511:3,12 520:17,25 521:3 limits 534:16 556:9,12 563:14,17 lakes 529:2 530:4 565:5,8,22 490:1 492:1 531:3,6 533:2 564:6,11 568:4 570:15 535:8 567:9,21 568:18,25 569:9 line 571:17 576:9 578:10 language 569:14,17 570:3,24 571:11 578:12 579:19 582:19 597:15 605:9 457:1 515:18 532:16 572:7,12,13,18 573:11 liquid 610:13612:23 615:14 585:15 596:2,13 577:5,10,15,22 578:25 578:15 580:2,8 596:20 617:16,22 618:13619:7 large 579:7,9,20,22,25 581:1,5 597:1 598:22 599:2 612:23 621:10 630:4,18 635:14 467:1 468:1 581:24 582:5,10,13,18 612:23 614:3 615:11 667:1 637:9,10 638:12,23 639:1,7 largest 583:9,14,17,19 584:2,3,11 liquids 645:3 648:1,1 649:1 650:1 608:14,15 584:18 585:3,10 586:2,9,11 605:25 650:1,1,1,1,1,1 651:1,1 late 586:17,20,25 587:11,23 listed 652:1,1 653:1,1 655:1,1 458:1 518:6 621:15644:10 588:2,17 589:1,15,22 462:1 657:1 658:1 659:1 661:1,1 662:1 590:15,15,24,24 592:12 listened 661:1,1 lately 613:13,17,19 615:2,3,7 471:1 knowing 563:13 638:5,7,22 639:6 644:7,12 lists 649:1 latex 644:19 653:1 662:1 663:1 632:19 knowledge 648:1,1,1 649:1,1,1,1 650:1 667:1,1 liter 492:1 542:13,15 614:2 663:1 letters 474:1 475:1,1,1 562:3,8,14 knowledgeable latitude 566:16 657:1 562:14 634:12 635:9 651:1 530:16 562:25 640:7 528:2 leukocytes 651:1 652:1,1 654:1 655:1 known lawyers 655:1 656:1,1 665:1 666:1,1 467:1 468:1 470:1 541:15 575:14,19,22 576:1,3 level literature 553:23 556:4 585:17 Id 465:1 492:1,1 493:1 494:1 455:1 456:1 457:1,1,1 588:10,22 465:1,1,1,1,1 466:1,1,1 494:1 500:1 523:12,14 473:1 477:1 547:6,9,10,25 knows 468:1 469:1,1,1,1 517:20 524:3,14,17,22,23 525:20 551:14608:13610:10 534:4,5 581:11 531:13,23 527:9,11 528:12,21,25 649:1 659:1 660:1 krummrich lead 529:21 530:3,7 531:10 liters 622:22 480:1 571:16 596:10,20 536:15,17,19 537:7,13,25 475:1 562:12 1 lab 457:1 553:17,23 label 581:6,11,23 659:1 labeled 462:1 558:19 598:8 labeling 532:3 labels 532:10 533:10 leak 479:1,1,1 480:1 494:1 leakage 470:1 leaking 479:1 619:4,6,22 leaks 480:1,1 481:1 617:23 learned 612:11 learning 573:3 634:8,21 635:14 636:17,20 little levels 459:1 463:1 466:1 467:1 473:1 485:1 504:1,1 505:1 468:1 485:1 486:1 495:1,1 506:1 528:23 535:20,22 553:10,11 558:20 562:16 541:4 561:11 567:24 572:8 575:21 597:9 599:24 582:24 632:3,19 634:24 620:17 635:21 639:8 642:17,20,23 643:18 live liable 548:12 499:1 618:4 lived libraries 548:15 541:20 liver 462:1 484:1,1 485:1 486:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3695 [liver - marts] liver (cont.) lost 486:1,1 492:1 497:1 498:1 497:1 572:1 498:1,1,1 499:1,1,1 507:1,1 lot 507:1,1,1,1 511:8519:22 573:13 627:9 663:1 664:1 522:22 523:17 525:21,24 665:1 525:24 526:2,7,8,10,12 lots 528:19 538:4 560:14,18 509:6,7 561:3 611:6,13616:1,5,10 louis 616:13,14 619:9 620:4,7 453:1 454:1,1 458:1 500:1 623:15 640:18 641:15 548:12,15 549:6 550:7 653:1 654:1,1,1,1,1 655:1 551:3,4,11 625:19 656:1 662:1,1,1,1 low livers 493:1 514:6 524:23 507:1 525:17 640:18 654:1 lower 655:1,1 656:1 464:1 466:1 504:1 540:9 local 647:1 653:1 560:11 577:12,18 579:14 lowest log 466:1 657:1 624:13 lustrex logical 648:1,1,1 649:1,1,1,1,1 665:1 650:1 663:1 london lyle 541:8 628:15,18,19629:1,4 563:11__________________ 631:9,15 637:8 638:1 663:1 m long 455:1 456:1 458:1 467:1 m.d. 557:6 468:1 470:1 471:1,1 472:1 m14 479:1 483:1 490:1 518:8 533:19 534:1 538:20 548:15 571:18 572:3 573:21 577:11 587:5 615:15617:16655:1,1,1 577:16613:11,13,17 614:25 m15 590:2,7,9,11,13,14 m18 661:1 longer 577:5 590:6 m19 524:23 longest 578:24,25 579:7 580:6 m212 513:16 593:24 596:1 look 459:1 478:1 482:1,1 493:1 495:1 517:22,24 518:2 543:24 556:22 566:1,25 570:2 585:10,14 595:25 598:17 600:20 605:4,5,6,23 m216 597:8 m217 597:8 599:7 m219 597:8 603:19 607:11 609:17 614:24 625:12,13 626:5 629:9 633:22 634:18 635:4 641:3 642:10 656:1 looked 519:25 520:5 553:7 624:13 m222 604:21 605:15 m235 632:9,14 635:5 m260 634:23 636:7 looking 467:1,1 497:1 531:17 613:16 631:9 633:10 648:1 625:11,21 626:1,2 m263 625:11 m266 looks 628:3 605:6 626:20 640:10 losing 511:25 m267 628:3 m27 580:23 581:1 m271 625:10 m272 625:11 m278 626:19 m279 626:7,9 m28 581:14 m284 625:11 m285 628:3 m287 625:12 m288 628:3 m3 595:3,5,21 596:2 m305 625:22 626:5,6 m306 626:5 m34 582:3 m35 643:21,24,25 644:2 m36 583:11,13 584:1 m380 593:14 m397 593:14 m4 584:8 m484 641:19 m5 586:6,11 m61 645:6,7 m9 584:2 ma'am 558:17 mac 480:1,1 504:1,1 523:21 652:1,1 653:1 657:1 macs 473:1,1,1,1 492:1 493:1 503:1 657:1,1 658:1 mac's 522:25 523:3,20 535:21 mac's (cont.) 538:10,14 539:10 madison 646:12 magnified 614:6 magnitude 547:22 main 522:21 major 465:1 making 457:1 491:1 497:1 505:1 612:18651:1 man 471:1 490:1 494:1 529:15 529:19 550:19 552:17 555:24 556:8 617:19 657:1 657:1 658:1,1 manage 575:21 583:9 management 549:17 618:18,24 manager 513:5 573:6 manner 606:13 manufacture 511:4 621:25 659:1 662:1 manufactured 455:1 459:1 507:1 513:7,9 543:14 620:18 622:18 manufacturer 568:16 660:1 665:1 manufacturing 534:25 557:19 559:16,21 573:7 582:25 621:18 marbury 572:24 march 557:25 644:17 marder 668:1,1 mark 502:1 marked 460:1 462:1 472:1 477:1 481:1 500:1 510:21 578:23 595:3 659:1 market 570:25 594:13 marketed 458:1 482:1 marts 639:4 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3696 [maryland - mistakenly] maryland measurement memorandum (cont.) midwest 590:19 479:1,1 480:1,1,1 494:1 523:9,10 564:6 mary's measurements memos mild 553:5 480:1 477:1 518:7 628:15 647:1 466:1 479:1 493:1 495:1 mason measures 648:1 497:1 588:18 610:3,4 614:1 500:1 561:23 579:17 mention 620:1 660:1 massachusetts measuring 461:1 562:7 631:23 648:1 milligram 641:25 567:23 mentioned 474:1 475:1,1 476:1,1,1,1 material medical 457:1 489:1 504:1 535:15 477:1,1,1 478:1,1,1 483:1 460:1 465:1,1,1 467:1,1 453:1 454:1,1,1 455:1,1,1,1 535:19 606:6 616:25 630:8 484:1,1,1 485:1 493:1,1 468:1 474:1 483:1,1,1 456:1,1,1,1 477:1 500:1 652:1 653:1 501:1 525:3 527:22 531:6 485:1 488:1 490:1 493:1 502:1,1 519:15 529:17 mentioning 592:16 636:17 652:1 496:1 510:1 518:25 547:18 541:13,20 547:5 548:21 648:1 milligrams 585:1,4,24 589:6 594:5,14 549:9,12,22 551:5,14,18 mentions 474:1,1 475:1,1,1,1 476:1,1 606:23 614:6 615:19 552:22 553:2,4,8 554:14 505:1 506:1 566:15 476:1 484:1 486:1,1 492:1 620:24 621:7 659:1 660:1,1 562:24 563:6,8,16,19,22,25 mercy 492:1 494:1,1 504:1,1 661:1 564:2,22 579:1 582:6 551:5 525:18,21 527:9,17 528:20 materials 584:19 586:22 606:16 merely 529:5 530:1,8 531:7,9 455:1 504:1 505:1 659:1 607:8,22 608:14,19 609:16 598:21 535:25 536:24 562:2,14 matter 609:20,24 610:9 611:24 mesera 601:3 634:9,14,25,25 635:9 485:1 490:1 523:3 612:6614:17615:25 553:5 636:3,12,21 651:1,1 652:1 matters 616:20617:6,13618:9,12 met 658:1 665:1 489:1 575:17,19,24 576:10 618:21 619:18622:17 564:12,15 millimeters maximum 623:9 624:12 640:13 metal 562:8 473:1 474:1 589:13 592:14 643:11 644:13 661:1 470:1,1 million 601:2 651:1,1 652:1 657:1 medicine meter 484:1,1,1 485:1 657:1,1 658:1,1,1,1 550:4,5,9,10,10,16,17,21 474:1 475:1,1,1,1,1,1 476:1 millions mcclain 550:24,25 551:10,11 623:7 476:1 477:1 478:1 484:1,1 485:1 493:1,1 537:3 660:1 600:9 603:11,13,14,16,19 651:1 485:1 486:1,1,1 492:1,1 mind 604:4 medium 493:1 501:1 504:1,1 525:3 479:1 508:1 554:20 574:8 mcclain's 615:18 525:18,21 527:9,22 528:20 646:6 653:1 603:15 meeting 530:8 562:13 592:16 601:4 mineral mcc's 488:1 556:15 565:18 634:9,15,25 635:1,9 636:3 515:20,22 516:19614:4,12 522:3 meetings 636:12,18,21 minute mcl 563:21,25 564:2 meters 559:5 572:8 614:1 634:20 503:1 653:1 meigs 562:9 657:1 665:1 mcs 477:1,1,1,1 478:1,1,1,1 method minutes 458:1 479:1 480:1 493:1,1,1,1,1 561:10,13,18,20 567:23 573:19,24 575:24 576:4,6 mean 494:1 495:1,1 497:1 505:1 methods 658:1 466:1 467:1 472:1 475:1 506:1 507:1,1 510:11 561:18 589:12 mirage 488:1,1 490:1 512:8,9 535:25 541:11 614:15 mice 460:1 533:1,15,19 537:20 549:14 615:3 619:5 515:19633:7 mislead 562:9 594:8 606:25 618:13 meigs's microgram 473:1 653:1 655:1 661:1 536:1 484:1 656:1 missing meaning mellon micrograms 588:16 475:1 500:1 545:10 553:19,23 475:1,1 634:11 635:8 654:1 missouri means memo 654:1 655:1 656:1 666:1,1 640:13 465:1 466:1 467:1,1 468:1 481:1 482:1 483:1 487:1,1 microphone misspoke 470:1 533:17 575:13 602:9 488:1 504:1 524:1 595:5,21 453:1 515:23 572:19 608:9,23 640:3 628:18,23 629:3 630:8 microscopic misspoken meant 631:3,7 650:1 651:1 663:1 525:6,24 590:7 473:1 533:5,8 534:2,3 664:1,1 mid misstating measure memoranda 538:25 511:22 466:1 629:24 521:25 middle mistakenly measured memorandum 466:1 469:1 509:3 526:18 460:1 478:1,1 500:1 518:10 520:20,23 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3697 [misunderstand - november] misunderstand monsanto (cont.) n newman 472:1 481:1 490:1 mix 617:7 618:8,17,20,20 620:3 nalco 620:6 621:1,2,11,17623:14 554:7 500:1 502:1 664:1 newport 464:1 542:19 623:19,23 624:8 625:10 name 664:1 mixed 464:1 632:24 mixture 463:1 464:1 483:1 484:1 628:9,18,19,20,21,25 629:17631:12637:5 638:1 649:1 653:1 654:1 659:1 660:1,1 661:1 663:1 664:1 502:1 516:4 558:8 559:22 602:10,11,13,21,23 627:3 628:19 668:1 named nine 574:5 598:14 599:19 636:24 nodded 569:20 570:9 642:18 mixtures 667:1 monsanto's 555:24 names 534:19 noise 465:1,1 597:18 599:11 600:4,13 603:22 mobil 553:4 532:10 547:4 549:8 551:18 458:1 548:1 563:17 562:24 563:7 564:22 naphthalene 579:20 582:6,17 597:22 459:1 461:1 543:15,17 599:3 602:21 606:16 544:12 545:18 547:6,9 552:2 non 486:1 666:1,1 nonbiodegradable moderate 466:1 610:3,4 660:1 modern 473:1 molecule 609:16,20,24 612:6 615:25 616:18 616:20 617:5 618:24 naphthalenes 620:10 622:17,18 628:10 543:23 545:13 546:9,16 628:15 648:1 658:1 547:2,11 556:16 month nason 535:2,4 noncontributory 624:9 nonspecific 525:11 543:3 molecules 454:1 471:1 511:6 513:13 520:17,19,24 513:13515:18518:20 national nonsurgical 550:11 543:2 molten 546:10,10 620:1 634:5 662:1 months 459:1,1 467:1 470:1 471:1 554:6 nontoxic nature 462:1 463:1 466:1 516:7 532:14 535:8 550:11 norm moment 575:3 595:2 625:23 628:14 money 459:1 471:1,1,1,1 478:1,1,1 479:1 578:16 479:1 480:1 498:1 513:18 nauseated 514:3 585:19 587:20 588:9 618:3 588:22 620:21 621:2,16 naval 500:1,1,1,1,1 normal 498:1,1,1 499:1 504:1 505:1 507:1 510:19 513:21 monkeys 633:14,21 634:1,3,3,7 590:18 513:24 529:20 580:8 514:22,25 morning navy 589:16 656:1,1 657:1 662:1 monsanto 575:1 576:5,7,18,20 646:4 454:1,1 455:1,1,1 456:1,1,1 mortality 456:1 457:1,1 460:1 462:1 525:5 643:5 666:1 463:1 471:1 472:1,1,1 morton 481:1 482:1,1 483:1 485:1 667:1 485:1 486:1,1,1,1,1 487:1,1 normally 487:1 488:1 489:1,1 491:1 578:2,4 491:1,1,1 492:1,1,1 536:4,6 north 473:1,1 486:1 499:1 502:1 502:1,1 503:1 504:1 505:1 506:1,1,1,1,1,1 507:1,1 509:13,18,22 512:15,19,20 512:24 519:4,7 520:10 623:4 mouth 497:1 move 528:3 575:7 593:13 601:14 537:16,18 541:25 542:11 590:21 591:4,23 592:8 593:8 necessarily 501:1 610:23 note 566:15 623:25 625:13 631:23 notebook 521:17,18 522:4 529:15 532:3 534:24 538:3,18,23 539:4 540:10 541:8 543:14 547:16 549:5 551:20 612:5 639:17 murray 453:1,1,1 460:1 461:1,1,1,1 472:1 476:1 480:1 482:1,1 necessary 504:1 517:16 578:8 579:17 592:5 595:18 660:1 need 556:24 564:25 576:25 580:24 581:15 582:3 584:9 586:7 590:3,6 593:22 595:4 597:10603:12613:11 552:10 554:3,13 555:18 482:1 483:1 501:1 502:1,1 497:1 517:12 521:23 625:1,9,13 627:22 628:7,13 563:12 565:8 566:20 567:9 509:10,11 520:13 531:18 527:15 530:2,9 538:15 639:14,15 641:19,20 645:5 567:12,15 568:7,14 569:2 569:10 570:24 571:6 577:6 578:22 579:1 580:7,10,17 535:11 540:12 542:4 557:23 558:24 559:23,24 563:3 577:3 583:11,12 539:12,17 554:9 561:17 notebooks 576:11 577:10 625:9 639:8 583:10 654:1 noted 580:18 581:2,12,18,21 605:12 607:13 608:22,24 needed 587:24 624:2 583:14,23 584:2,3,5 593:24 595:3,4,8 596:1 597:4 598:3 599:9 600:18 602:3 612:1 616:25 625:7 628:16 538:9 551:23 552:16 630:14,18,22 631:4 636:6,9 negative 636:25 637:4 638:8 644:1,3 631:24 notice 523:11 559:20,25 573:19 november 602:11,20 603:20 604:23 644:5 645:8,16,20,22 646:1 neoprene 455:1 548:10 581:22 605:14 607:7,20,24 608:18 647:1,1,1 651:1 652:1 578:8 585:25 592:3 590:17 608:5,6,8,9 609:12 609:17,22 610:1,2,6 611:23 654:1 656:1 659:1,1 662:1 new 609:13,15,25 610:8 611:23 612:11 613:14,17,19,24 663:1,1 664:1,1 504:1 620:20,25 638:2 640:22 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3698 [number - painting] number occurring once (cont.) outside (cont.) 458:1 460:1 463:1 464:1 537:17 623:19 626:23 664:1 659:1 465:1 467:1 483:1 486:1 occurs ones oven 488:1 516:19 520:12 512:14633:10 489:1,1 516:10,18 547:7 612:25 531:14,15 544:6 545:10,22 o'clock 554:3 594:10 640:12 ovens 545:25 560:22 561:22 509:3,7,8 574:5 open 612:19 564:14 575:6,7 577:3 October 604:18 overexposure 587:19 590:7,9 596:5 616:4 505:1 569:14 570:3 581:2 opening 612:7 616:2 623:19 626:3 628:9 630:15 581:24 595:5,21 613:16 586:24 601:23 overreacted 630:19,21 631:1,6 651:1 614:25 615:1 626:6 651:1 operate 642:22 653:1 655:1 663:1 653:1 664:1 550:14 overruled numbered oettingen operating 476:1 501:1 524:6,9 539:20 477:1 556:5,7,14 557:6,8,15,21 568:9,15 oversimplifying numbers 558:3,14,19,21 559:12 operation 490:1 462:1 463:1 464:1,1,1 560:3,4,19,23 561:9,22 507:1 667:1,1,1 P 466:1 558:20 625:9,25 593:14 628:7 647:1 658:1_________ offer operations 521:14 545:14 580:9 pi 2 628:18,18 630:16 object o 580:13 offered 638:18 opinion P5 603:12,14 481:1 535:9 542:4 558:25 563:3 644:3,5 office 501:1 535:24 540:3,3 578:16 607:7,21 608:1,10 p61 645:4 objection 476:1,1,1 483:1 501:1 524:4,7,9 526:17 538:24 539:19 609:1 612:2,3,5 objections 617:10 608:19610:1 611:23 officers 635:19 575:14 opinions oh 540:6 469:1 541:21 557:18 583:6 oral packet 460:1 page 462:1 477:1,1 497:1 503:1 520:16 521:4,7 529:6 544:5 559:23 observations 560:25 obtain 566:12 obtained 588:15616:6,16631:18 458:1 459:1 558:15 596:10 660:1 order Ohio 482:1 528:3 575:20 564:6 ordinary oil 629:6,11 663:1,1,1 664:1,1 515:21,22,23 516:19 553:4 ordnance 544:18,21 545:6,6,21,24 546:18,19 557:15,24 558:1 558:19,20 559:12,13 560:3 560:4,21,22 561:5,12,15,21 568:11,18 571:6 572:11,13 572:18 579:9,24 584:25 631:12 obvious 614:4,4,12,12 oils 590:19 organ 585:9,11,12 586:8,16 588:3 588:16 592:12 594:15,24 613:2 obviously 515:20 516:1 580:9 667:1 525:25 662:1 oily organisms 595:25 598:7,13,18 600:20 604:5 605:6,7,14,17,18,20 456:1 occasion 578:16 okay 534:22 organization 606:7 613:18 614:25 629:10 632:12,13,25 633:9 507:1,1 occasional 660:1 occasions 453:1 456:1 457:1 463:1 467:1 474:1 475:1 492:1 504:1 509:9 513:2,11 524:11 528:10 550:16 563:20 organizations 519:16 organized 634:19,19,20 635:4 641:2,6 642:1,3,5,6 643:1 664:1,1 665:1,1 666:1 pages 564:13 647:1,1 occupational 551:9 564:4 568:6 572:11 520:15 566:4 576:17 586:10 594:7,20 original 599:20 600:11,16 paid 550:4,16,21,24,25 623:3,6 641:9 596:16 602:15 608:4 616:13618:7,17619:1 531:22 566:23 originally 499:1 paint occur 496:1 587:17 623:8 628:23 638:7 645:4 473:1 545:12 old orsborn 485:1 629:6,11,14,19 637:6 638:24 639:4 648:1,1,1,1,1 occurred 485:1 614:19 617:21 459:1 548:9 572:7 621:12 508:1 olin os 648:1,1,1,1,1 649:1,1,1,1,1 649:1,1,1,1,1,1 650:1,1,1,1 618:12 619:8,9 637:15 occurrence 554:5 olliges 458:1 ought 663:1,1,1,1,1 664:1,1 painted 666:1 occurrences 508:1 once 471:1 484:1 638:2 656:1 outside 629:19 639:4 painting 624:21 533:5,8,16,17,19,25 556:14 454:1,1 457:1 478:1 519:4 521:15 638:19 649:1 583:22 586:20 599:9,18 519:7 543:1 554:3 555:7 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3699 [paints - pipes] paints passed people (cont.) petroleum 499:1 629:13 630:10 647:1 546:11 500:1 501:1 507:1,1 510:11 514:24 515:8,10,21,23 648:1,1 649:1,1 650:1,1,1,1 passing 511:15,17517:11 520:10 516:1,19 650:1 663:1 664:1 621:19 631:23 523:20 528:22 532:20 ph.d. pamphlets patch 540:22 547:15 553:21 503:1 552:18 556:2 557:6 532:13 489:1 554:17,19,21 555:4 575:14 564:8 651:1,1 papageorge pathological 578:5 594:5 612:18 615:10 pharmaceutical 513:2 665:1 666:1 618:2,15 619:22 620:2,23 552:18 paper pathologist 624:10,11 629:4 630:2 pharmacologist 544:9 652:1,1 666:1 554:19 610:20 631:9 635:18 637:25 554:18 paragraph pathology 642:21 pharmacology 462:1 484:1 498:1 503:1 486:1 643:11 people's 639:22 511:2,3 521:7 522:2 523:2 patient 519:14 540:5 phenol 529:6 560:21 561:15 546:24 547:1 percent 542:23 565:10 569:17 570:23 paucity 459:1 460:1 462:1,1 463:1 phenyl 571:5,10 572:2,4 577:9,20 519:1 464:1,1,1 465:1 468:1 542:22,23 543:10 577:21 578:1,4 579:9 pay 482:1 483:1 484:1 536:7 Philadelphia 582:19 584:25 585:10,14 522:24 523:4,19 569:20,21 570:9,11,13 565:18 586:24 587:16 589:4 pc 623:23 624:24,25 627:20 philosophy 591:15,22 592:2,11 595:14 623:17 647:1 606:16,20,22 659:1 660:1 601:14 603:6 605:23 pcb percentage phonetic 629:10 631:9 641:4 642:12 457:1 463:1 478:1 479:1,1 464:1 647:1 514:23 515:13,13 554:25 655:1 663:1 482:1 534:18 543:6,8,12 percentages phosphate paragraphs 567:25 582:11 602:16 647:1,1 498:1 561:23,25 595:15 596:5 616:7 619:24 620:3,6,16 performed phrase paramedical 623:14 624:18,22 627:12 473:1 491:1 498:1 517:20 532:8 502:1 627:25 628:9 637:22 658:1 517:21 518:21 558:15 phrased paramount pcbs period 595:16 660:1 562:1 457:1,1,1 458:1,1,1 460:1,1 467:1 470:1 471:1,1 479:1 physical pardon 463:1,1,1,1,1 464:1,1 465:1 485:1 494:1 524:22,24 454:1 511:5 593:25 662:1 461:1 477:1 487:1 493:1 465:1 466:1 470:1,1,1 533:20 534:1 537:14 665:1 498:1 500:1 501:1 503:1 482:1 492:1 494:1,1 500:1 548:18 552:25 563:7 physician 505:1 513:8 516:5 526:11 509:23 516:12 517:2,7 585:19 587:20 601:1 454:1 502:1,1 541:21 533:12 535:17 540:17 518:8 534:17,25 536:7,21 619:24 633:4,13 634:2 619:16 576:14 590:8 609:10 537:9 542:11 547:12 548:7 658:1 666:1 physicians 613:12 620:5 624:20 568:17 570:13,21 577:24 periodic 454:1 520:5 623:3,3,5 630:24 652:1 654:1 655:1 583:19 604:25 605:4,15 454:1 511:5 538:4 662:1 physiologist 660:1 661:1 607:10608:20610:1,10 periods 554:18 parked 611:24612:7,17,21,23 459:1 pick 509:5 613:6 615:11 616:2,22 permissible 471:1,1 640:9 part 617:2,12,20 619:2 620:8,18 651:1 picked 454:1,1 455:1,1 456:1,1 621:18,25 622:18 623:15 permit 627:23 470:1 483:1 484:1,1 485:1 625:17 627:3,15,20 628:8 508:1 574:11 646:9 picking 506:1 550:10,25 553:7 629:6,18,25 637:5 641:9 person 656:1,1 572:15 609:16,21 623:5 642:9,18,19,22 643:18 495:1 496:1 497:1 513:3 piece 624:6 655:1 662:1 664:1 644:9,20 660:1 517:13 523:17 526:1 544:9 659:1 partially pcb's 528:15 564:15 585:21 pigmentation 546:11 542:13 573:13 606:24 652:1 495:1 496:1,1 particular peer personal pigs 464:1 470:1 494:1 506:1 541:17 639:25 640:2 666:1 562:17 583:1,5 515:6 525:4 633:7 654:1,1 521:11,25 523:10,16 527:6 667:1 personally 654:1,1 655:1,1 656:1,1 537:14 598:3 624:16,16 peers 564:10 666:1 particularly 640:7 personnel pimples 466:1 people 565:12 495:1,1,1 parts 478:1,1,1 480:1 491:1 persons pipes 470:1 484:1 512:16 585:22 494:1 495:1 496:1 499:1 488:1 630:11 664:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3700 [Pittsburgh - products] Pittsburgh point practice previous (cont.) 553:19 557:19 466:1 468:1 472:1,1 473:1 527:23 587:1,8 656:1 place 480:1,1 490:1 491:1 494:1 practices previously 544:21 616:9 657:1,1 497:1 507:1 516:1 530:25 591:6 460:1 462:1 470:1,1 478:1 placed 533:4 562:10 611:1 pre 534:22 546:22 589:14 651:1 pointed 613:7 print places 504:1 precautionary 605:9 485:1 634:5 points 581:6,11 prior plaintiffs 567:22 591:11 635:12 precautions 477:1 479:1 480:1,1 453:1 668:1 poison 563:1 589:1 590:25 probably plaintiffs 496:1,1 preceded 463:1 464:1 491:1 496:1 460:1 477:1 481:1 497:1 poisoned 477:1 523:9 517:9 531:24 532:2 554:19 500:1 510:21 531:14,17,19 495:1 496:1,1 precise 563:15 575:23 624:6 543:22 593:17 628:17 poisoning 528:4 533:2 problem 637:3 659:1 662:1 664:1 494:1 497:1,1,1,1 587:17 precisely 453:1 490:1,1 494:1 507:1 plant poisonous 522:8,16 528:6 526:9 550:14 617:7,11 478:1,1 480:1 494:1 495:1 660:1 predecessor 618:20 621:3,13 640:7 499:1 509:25 512:13 513:5 police 620:11 problems 513:7,9 520:10 546:24 575:14 preliminaries 459:1 496:1,1 516:16 549:5,5 561:12 572:25 policy 478:1 519:17 520:6 525:22 526:2 581:8 582:24 601:16 456:1 prepared 526:7,10,12 534:14 536:3 621:17 622:22,23 623:2,11 polychlorinated 558:3 568:9 595:23 554:25 555:1 608:3,16 624:16 643:6 604:24 preparing 610:5 617:12 620:3,4,6,7 plants population 587:1,7 622:13 623:15 661:1 454:1,1,1,1 456:1 509:23 642:21 presence procedure 511:4 512:15,22 513:10 porter 574:12 646:10 487:1 489:1 529:20 568:9 519:4,7,10,14 544:25 629:14 present 617:6 626:15 551:22 552:5 563:20,24 portfolio 565:23 procedures 579:17 622:18,25 623:2 549:13,14 presented 486:1 489:1 511:8,11 586:4 662:1 portion 565:19 634:23 662:1 plant's 545:8 587:11 588:1,25 presently proceed 500:1 portions 565:17 453:1 482:1 509:10 540:13 plasticized 551:2 pressures 542:10 559:9 576:21 649:1,1 position 498:1 607:18 647:1 668:1 plasticizer 454:1 575:7 663:1 presumably process 649:1 650:1 positive 479:1 482:1 546:8,11 586:25 587:7 please 516:24 517:12 presumed produce 453:1,1 455:1 479:1 490:1 possession 535:4 561:2 585:17 587:21 588:8 492:1 496:1 512:17 522:2 665:1 presuming 588:9,20 592:25 522:14,19 529:13 543:24 possible 535:1 produced 544:5,18 545:7 551:17 571:15 582:23 642:22 pretty 585:6 614:12 554:4 556:22 557:3,14 possibly 472:1,1 480:1 483:1 532:16 produces 559:11 560:2 564:25 565:3 528:4 553:7 556:10 563:20 588:21 566:1,5,25 569:6 573:16 post 605:10 612:14 613:2 640:6 product 575:3 582:2 584:8 586:6,11 454:1 640:10,11 455:1 460:1,1 543:13,18,19 588:1 590:3 593:22 597:7 potency prevent 582:11 617:8 618:20,20 600:2,20 604:20 605:24 515:20 578:5 589:5 592:4 593:9 622:9 627:16 661:1 610:17 613:10 625:24 potential 597:2 601:21 607:23 667:1 production 626:7 632:16 639:12 557:5 558:6,22 560:5 573:1 preventative 462:1 507:1 562:4 571:19 641:18 642:3 645:4 667:1 616:1,10 629:6 638:2 561:23 615:16 668:1 pouch prevention products plus 612:20,22 580:10,19667:1,1,1 455:1,1 456:1 457:1,1,1 464:1 570:10 pounds preventive 459:1 460:1 504:1 509:23 pneumonia 485:1 493:1 537:4 660:1 550:19,25 515:21,23 548:3 554:21,23 525:10,13,15 527:19,20 practical previous 570:16 572:23 573:4 573:3 589:19 546:24 577:15 579:7 606:7 607:11 618:9 627:12,15 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13701 [products - real] products (cont.) proximity quarterly ranging 628:9 648:1 545:14 565:20 566:9,10 632:8 634:24 professional public queeny rarely 556:15 459:1 504:1 540:4 555:10 549:5 580:21 professor 556:20 566:11 653:1 664:1 question rarity 551:10,11 553:1 publication 476:1 479:1 503:1 524:10 554:10 progresses 565:22 566:11 614:19 524:11,12 528:6 531:21,22 rat 616:15 667:1 535:18 537:6,6,19,22,23,24 468:1,1 prohibit published 539:2 540:9 542:5 558:25 ratio 604:17 472:1 473:1 541:12 547:5 563:3 578:9 580:1,12 660:1 570:15 prolonged 551:13565:11,19567:14 660:1 661:1,1 ratios 458:1 459:1 514:1 518:5 611:16,19614:16619:17 questions 654:1 532:21 533:1,3,9,10,13,16 632:12 635:13,24 639:21 453:1 528:5 529:10 540:15 rats 533:19 534:6,13 568:22 640:4,11,17,24 642:4 652:1 576:23 577:23 616:24 458:1 465:1,1,1,1 466:1 571:7,14,16 578:5 592:13 666:1 617:7 618:18645:15,19 468:1,1 486:1,1 515:5 596:8 601:1 619:24 632:17 publishes 646:1 659:1 663:1 668:1 525:17,19 558:16 560:24 659:1 666:1 640:15 quibble 561:1 611:6,9,10,15626:16 prompted pull 657:1 633:7 640:18 641:15 654:1 470:1 453:1,1 quickly 654:1,1,1 655:1,1 656:1,1,1 pronouncing pulled 575:25 582:10,13 raw 520:21 459:1 quite 455:1 proper pulmonary 478:1 511:6 534:14 547:13 reached 562:21 597:18 599:10 554:24 555:1 564:11 594:22 619:12 485:1 530:25 600:3,12 603:21 pumps 662:1 react properties 510:1,2 quoted 468:1,1,1,1 469:1 455:1 456:1 590:25 591:5 pure 516:10,18 595:18 reaction 593:25 665:1 463:1 464:1 542:11,13 quoting 496:1,1 497:1 proportion 570:21 594:12 516:23 641:5 658:1 reactions 496:1 proportions purpose 511:23 541:3 563:23 r 560:11 588:8,21 read 620:22 propose 652:1 proposed 480:1,1,1 481:1 640:4 652:1 proposes 504:1 proprietary 602:13 protection 578:17 580:13 596:25 purposed 652:1 468:1 489:1 rabbits put 478:1 485:1 512:1 534:6 559:8 576:13 581:6 596:7 606:23 625:3 639:9 468:1,1 483:1,1 488:1,1 515:14 626:17,24 633:7 654:1,1,1,1 655:1 656:1 race putting 668:1,1,1,1 496:1 629:6,11 pydraul 481:1,1,1,1 482:1,1,1 483:1 485:1,1 488:1 489:1 542:1 radiators 630 11 664 1 radical 464 1 494 1 570:10 627:19 462:1 484:1 487:1,1 498:1 503:1,1 511:2 521:6 522:2 522:12,13 531:14 541:22 544:9 545:16 547:5,7 557:3 557:14 560:14 561:3,7 565:14,23 571:25 572:9,10 573:5 580:15 583:7 585:7 586:2 587:23 588:11 589:8 589:19 593:5 594:16 597:10 601:25 603:5 604:8 604:15 605:10 606:24 614:8 619:19 625:9 632:17 protective 562:21 606:11 protocol 489:1 490:1 491:1 prove 521 12 provide 494:1 592:3 provided 512:19,24 568:11 577:13 579:15 593:4 603:9 providing 589:18 pydrauls 627:10 pyranol 602:14 603:1,3 q quantities 561:1 quantity 501:1,1 529:4 quarreling 478:1 493:1,1 494:1 quarter 624:14 542 23 24 642:25 651:1,1 654:1,1 radioactive 659 1 662:1,1 667:1 readily raised 578:10 ran 525:13 541:19 reading 504:1 523:24,25 571:11,13 459:1,1,1 460:1,1,1 461:1,1 461:1 462:1 463:1,1 465:1 469:1,1 470:1 478:1 483:1 499:1,1 507:1 514:6 519:18 580:5 585:15 600:23 601:17 605:25 638:5 654:1 655:1 666:1 readings 643:4 519:21 524:21 662:1,1,1 536:10 range 530:7 601:3 626:4 665:1 real 644:7 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3702 [realize - respected] realize record regards report 495:1 572:7 489:1 502:1 565:1,4 566:2 583:1,5 460:1 461:1 472:1,1 487:1 realized 567:1 573:17 590:7 597:8 regenerating 487:1 505:1 524:25 544:22 551:23 604:21 624:11 625:10 525:25 555:19 557:15,21,24 558:3 really 630:17,21 631:2 639:13 regular 558:5,19 559:12 560:3,19 462:1 478:1 523:2 527:13 records 622:11 561:9,19,21 566:24 567:14 605:3 630:9 640:12 650:1 623:9 643:11 rehash 593:14 632:13 637:20 realm recross 537:12 656:1 657:1 523:18 663:1,1 relate reported reason recurrence 627:10 502:1 544:10,16 545:1,4,23 486:1 487:1 489:1,1,1,1 621:21 related 546:14,22 547:23 548:5 491:1,1,1 493:1,1 516:11 recurring 543:24 581:20 617:1 619:14641:9 516:14,21,24 517:10 587:18 relates 643:5 538:16 621:4 649:1,1 recycling 477:1 550:17 reporting reasonable 484:1 relation 478:1 527:24 607:8,21 608:19 redirect 525:19 541:6 579:6 607:9 reports 611:24 647:1 608:20 610:1 631:21 471:1 472:1,1,1 473:1 reasonably reduce relationship 491:1 511:10512:2,4 585:25 500:1 606:5 656:1 658:1 513:25 516:17 517:5,8 reasons reduced relative 519:1 521:15 540:1 542:3,6 474:1,1 562:2 465:1 466:1 545:22 558:21 565:11 recall refer relatively 566:21 567:11 608:13 471:1,1 472:1 487:1 489:1 506:1 596:16 627:3 647:1 585:6 620:1 618:8 631:10 643:12 491:1 492:1 513:25 514:19 657:1 663:1 relayed 644:20 514:20 515:3 538:2 617:1 reference 483:1 represent received 461:1 released 477:1 472:1 517:8 548:23 594:3 referenced 593:2 represented receiving 503:1 relevance 525:16 517:5 581:10 referencing 481:1 483:1 501:1 524:4 reprint recess 503:1 649:1 relevant 565:22 566:6 508:1 646:5,11 referred 592:23,23 reputation recheck 456:1 573:11 591:1 602:17 remain 555:11 556:1 564:18 611:3 547:18 603:15617:21 618:9 651:1 455:1 request recognize 664:1,1 remained 628:10 531:20 referring 454:1 requested recognized 585:5 615:7 648:1 662:1 remember 566:13 581:24 544:12 555:4 664:1,1 459:1 487:1 542:9 606:24 require recollection refers 609:15 612:13 618:2 619:2 585:20 488:1 613:6 629:10 663:1 627:16,19 658:1,1 required recommend reflect removed 563:1 536:13 538:3,7,18,23 539:4 626:1 589:10 requires 568:22 reflected renate 508:1 574:8 598:22 646:6 recommendation 647:1 610:13 639:18 640:16 research 480:1 578:11 592:19 635:7 reflects 641:14,23 500:1,1 529:18 568:9 636:12 651:1 repeat 610:23 650:1 recommendations refractive 492:1 researcher 474:1 665:1 repeated 665:1 recommended regard 498:1 532:21 533:1,9,11,14 residency 473:1 474:1,1,1 475:1 455:1 456:1 457:1 458:1 533:17 534:5,13 568:22 550:7 476:1 492:1 527:22 601:7 460:1 466:1 474:1 475:1 571:7,14,16 587:17 589:7 residue 635:15 637:5 668:1 492:1 500:1 596:10,19 606:9 659:1 550:23 reconsider regarding replaced respect 538:9,15 482:1,1 488:1 514:5 520:10 508:1 646:12 578:9 reconsidered regardless reply respected 539:12 527:21 638:19 578:21 581:17 591:1,9 563:13 610:25 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3703 [respirator - seat] respirator 601:24 respirators 589:19 respiratory 592:25 responded 638:7 responds 579:25 response 496:1 515:25 616:24 651:1 659:1 responsibilities 455:1 549:18 responsibility 456:1 575:11,12,16 rest 482:1 498:1 536:7 647:1 result 468:1 472:1 473:1 521:16 571:22 resulted 614:2 resulting 477:1 492:1 496:1 results 469:1 483:1 491:1,1 492:1 498:1,1 501:1 504:1 506:1 517:12 529:5 631:19,24 652:1 653:1,1 retest 536:14 547:18 retired 455:1 607:6,20 608:5 609:15,25 610:7611:17 640:22 660:1 retiree 624:1 retirement 608:17610:8 611:22 retread 551:8 retrospective 643:5 return 508:1 560:2 645:23,25 663:1 returned 454:1 reveal 654:1,1 revealed 655:1 656:1 reversible 525:7,23 526:4 527:18 reversible (cont.) row 528:19 514:5 review rubber 456:1 457:1,1 639:22,25 459:1 512:25 585:23 640:2 666:1 667:1 run reviewed 458:1 460:1 465:1 470:1 541:17 471:1,1 485:1 487:1 488:1 reviewing 489:1 491:1,1 492:1,1 629:3 499:1 507:1 514:22 516:12 revised 516:21 517:1 519:13 603:23 531:12 538:3,18 539:5 rewrite 653:1 662:1,1 539:9 running rigged 469:1 477:1 624:13 617:24,24 runs right 486:1 454:1 455:1 457:1 468:1 rutter 469:1 472:1 477:1 478:1 476:1 481:1 483:1 501:1 479:1,1,1 480:1,1,1 481:1 502:1 524:4 526:17 535:9 482:1,1 483:1 487:1,1,1 538:24 539:19 540:13,15 488:1 489:1 492:1,1 495:1 544:15 559:4,9,10,19 495:1,1 502:1,1 503:1,1,1 573:23 576:20,21,23 577:4 504:1 505:1,1 506:1 507:1 583:13 593:12,19,21 507:1 511:24 524:21 605:14 607:19 608:23 528:14 529:5,16 532:6,19 609:3,14 612:4 625:6,8 540:11 542:8 544:21 554:2 630:16,20,25 631:7 632:11 554:20 569:16,22 570:21 643:24 644:2,4,6 645:7,15 572:20 573:9,9 587:10 645:19 647:1,1,1 651:1 588:14 597:12,14 598:1 653:1 660:1 663:1,1,1 602:22 615:13 622:2 666:1,1 667:1 668:1 629:16630:1,18632:6 rutter's 633:10,19,23 634:4 635:23 659:1 640:23 644:8 647:1 648:1 s 652:1,1 653:1 655:1 656:1 658:1 safe 454:1 474:1 504:1,1 505:1 rings 506:1 523:8,14 527:1,9,23 543:10 528:21,23,24 531:10 river 622:22 rivers 535:7 robert 453:1 535:21 539:17 541:4 562:15 563:1 567:25 568 17 569 19 570 4 586 3 587:1,8 589:24 590:25 591:5 601:2 605:21,24 606:17 607:9,22 617:8 role 623:23 624:9 room 596:6 604:17 606:1,4 649:1 rough 618:19 636:16 639:8 safety 500:1 504:1,1,1 505:1 529:2,21 562:16 590:22 609:22 636:7,13,23 465:1 roughly 465:1 475:1 477:1,1 483:1 548:20 569:25 570:5 salaried 624'10 sales 594:13 617:10 routine salespeople 510:16511:11 routinely 662:1 594:6 sample 547:16 581:10 satisfactory 586:1 saturation 666:1 saunders 553:3 saw 480:1 538:16 551:22 613:6 616:13621:19 saying 463:1 487:1 490:1 491:1 493:1 504:1 511:12,20 518:7,15 523:2,5,6,7,16 524:16 529:25 530:3,5 546:13 553:22 580:2 603:6 618:17 638:1,23 639:7 640:17 658:1 says 461:1 462:1 478:1,1,1 488:1 493:1 494:1 501:1 504:1 505:1,1 506:1,1 521:8 523:25 527:8 529:20 530:5 545:8 546:5,23 557:18 559:15 562:13 570:3 578:1,4,15 579:8,18 579:21 581:5 584:14 585:4 587:5,6,7 588:6 589:1,13 591:17 592:2,13,24 595:14 596:7,19,23 598:18,18,21 600:21 604:9 605:6 606:9 630:13 632:14 633:11 635:23,25 641:4,8,25 642:15 643:4,9 648:1 649:1 652:1 654:1,1,1 655:1,1 659:1 663:1 666:1 scaling 560:12,25 scars 621:20 school 453:1 459:1 555:10 556:20 scientific 457:1 473:1 610:9 611:4 625:18 640:4,8 scientist 611:5 652:1 665:1 666:1 scm048725 477:1 scm048727 497:1 sealing 545:14 search 575:17 seat 482:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3704 [second - smith] second sentence (cont.) showed sir (cont.) 453:1 462:1 484:1 511:3 584:25 585:16 587:4,5,15 492:1,1 498:1 517:2 525:6 531:8,18 532:15,18 533:15 521:6 544:8 545:7,8 546:13 588:5,6 589:4 592:24 536:19 537:7,12,25 653:1 535:5 536:1,11 538:6,16,22 565:10 570:2,23 572:13 598:17 641:3 654:1 667:1 656:1 539:8,22 558:17 647:1 577:21 578:1 579:24 sentences showing 650:1 653:1 659:1 584:24 585:9,10,14,16 589:8 643:8 492:1 528:18 660:1 site 587:15 588:3,6 591:15 separate shown 562:4 613:25 622:7 626:3 631:8 565:11 667:1 517:12656:1,1,1 situation 633:1,10 634:18 635:5 September shows 485:1 550:23 641:4 650:1 662:1 504:1 529:1 586:17 589:24 568:25 596:8 641:9 657:1 situations secondly 638:8 sick 485:1 455:1 series 617:19 six seconds 464:1,1,1 493:1 side 459:1 468:1 470:1 471:1,1 509:8 serious 475:1 530:15 539:17,18 471:1,1,1,1 495:1,1,1 498:1 secretary 571:23 sideways 507:1 509:3,7,8 513:13 551:21 serve 475:1 546:21 548:5 575:7 620:20 section 549:10 sigera 621:2 594:24 598:8,13 599:22,23 served 514:23 sixth 604:7 642:10 655:1 549:8 sign 462:1 sections service 583:4 sixty 598:11 454:1 548:17,19 signal 455:1 seeing set 509:9 sizable 471:1,1 491:1 470:1 478:1 489:1 491:1,1 significant 465:1 620:21 seek 493:1,1,1 538:9 540:25 509:15 510:5,9,12,14,17 size 575:6 549:21,25 561:18 601:6 511:9,14 512:5,9,9,12 476:1 seen sets 593:1 654:1,1,1 655:1,1,1 skimming 486:1 518:14 520:20 464:1 595:11 656:1 582:10 521:15 574:9 588:12 seven significantly skin 619:20 646:7 479:1,1 494:1 495:1,1 525:18 458:1 459:1,1 468:1,1,1 sell 498:1,1 499:1 505:1 507:1 silver 483:1 487:1 488:1,1 489:1 459:1 630:2 633:5,12,14,17 634:3,5,7 590:19 496:1 497:1,1 532:20,21 semantics 666:1 similar 533:18,20,25 534:5,12 498:1 severe 598:11 599:23 651:1 552:3 558:15,23 560:5,11 seminar 496:1 497:1 similarity 560:12,16,24,24 561:2 556:19 severely 547:25 562:20 568:22 571:8,14,16 seminars 576:5 simple 571:22 578:5 580:9,10,19 556:15 563:21 sheet 537:19 561:10,13,18,20 585:16,17,19,21,24 588:2,8 send 587:1,8 607:3 588:9,19,20,20,22 589:6,9 462:1,1 565:22 566:20 sherman simulated 591:24 592:4 593:9 596:20 583:1 640:4,14 611:10 470:1 606:10,12,12 626:16,24 sending sherwin sincerely 658:1 659:1,1,1 660:1,1,1 565:10 581:23 584:21 629:14 573:4 583:1 667:1,1,1,1 597:5 short sinks skinker sends 524:22 551:21 601:24 643:4 548:13 583:23 591:8 640:5 606:23 607:5 659:1,1 660:1 sir skip sense 667:1 453:1,1 454:1 455:1 457:1 588:5 592:24 550:20 656:1 shorten 461:1 462:1,1,1 467:1 skipping sent 599:23 469:1,1 472:1 473:1,1,1 643:8 460:1 531:2 533:24 547:16 shorter 477:1,1 481:1,1,1 482:1,1 slightest 547:18 565:9 566:23 471:1 483:1 484:1,1,1 485:1 652:1,1 567:10,15 568:14 578:22 show 488:1,1 489:1 492:1 493:1 small 583:5 584:5 594:5,5,9 460:1 462:1,1 472:1,1 500:1,1 503:1,1 505:1,1,1,1 467:1 620:23,24 477:1 481:1,1 488:1,1,1 506:1 507:1,1 510:24 511:1 smaller sentence 492:1 499:1 500:1 502:1 513:20 514:14 515:2,11,15 640:12 522:13 526:18 538:25 510:20 525:3 526:2 572:5 515:24 517:15,18 518:1 smith 544:9 560:16 570:2 573:6,9 580:5 653:1 655:1,1 659:1 521:2,5 524:19,20 526:22 514:23 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3705 [soap - study] soap specialized staffing staupp 589:11 606:13 555:1 551:17 584:21 sold specialties stained step 458:1 621:11 550:2 459:1 493:1 573:25 574:3 646:2 soldering species stamp 668:1 545:9,15 467:1 468:1 469:1,1 632:3 557:14,17 561:22 594:16 stick solemnly 632:22 594:18 634:14 668:1 specific stand stigma solid 486:1 579:13 580:11 631:4 508:1 559:6,7 645:11,25 496:1 476:1,1 480:1 665:1 standard stop solids specifically 465:1 486:1,1,1 487:1 504:1,1 509:4,7 476:1,1 667:1 457:1 458:1 560:8 613:23 489:1,1 stopped solution 615:13 625:21 628:17 standardized 526:4 658:1 606:13 specification 468:1 store solvents 621:6,6 622:9 standards 629:14,15 648:1 664:1,1 580:3,8 specified 487:1 488:1 538:9 601:6,7 straight somebody 589:14 658:1 standing 479:1 489:1 588:6 460:1 478:1 487:1 491:1 specimen 611:3 straighten 617:10 639:3 650:1 621:5 standpoint 630:20 631:1 someplace speed 494:1 stream 466:1 572:1 612:14 597:9 625:14 start 611:10 somewhat speicher 572:4 587:15 589:3 strength 568:10 564:4,10 565:6 566:16 started 648:1 sooner 567:9,10,22 568:8,21 569:3 456:1 469:1,1 471:1 479:1 stress 614:5 569:4,11,18570:24571:7 551:20 552:16 563:11 580:10,19 667:1,1 sophisticated 573:12 577:5,22 578:6,23 624:4,5 stretch 657:1 579:2,7,20,25 580:7,18 starting 559:6,7 645:11 sorry 581:1,5,11,22 583:14,22,23 553:10 stripes 454:1 455:1 463:1 484:1 584:4,5 590:15,20 591:8,11 starts 629:19 486:1 491:1,1 499:1 501:1 591:23 592:7 593:7 613:14 521:4 572:15 579:10 580:2 structure 502:1 503:1,1 506:1 510:7 613:18,20,24614:10615:2 584:25 585:16 590:24 543:5 515:9,20 522:10 523:23 615:14667:1,1,1 668:1 642:12 studies 554:7 561:5 566:4 572:19 speicher's state 458:1,1 459:1,1,1,1 460:1 587:5 594:7 608:9 609:20 577:21,22 614:25 478:1 486:1 540:20 546:10 463:1,1 467:1 469:1 470:1 630:14 643:23 644:1 645:7 spencer 561:25 564:6 619:16,18 470:1 471:1,1,1,1 472:1,1,1 647:1,1 650:1 663:1 664:1 514:5 638:13 653:1 473:1 477:1 481:1,1 499:1 sort spent stated 505:1 507:1,1 513:12,13,15 549:12 551:8 612:19,20,25 453:1,1 638:12 526:25 547:15 608:15 516:8 517:20,21 518:21 625:14 spilled statement 519:13,19 520:11 524:2,13 sorts 606:12 486:1 511:23 527:6 583:3,4 524:21 531:3 538:19 539:5 554:17 575:14 spolier 595:1,12 599:1 651:1,1 555:12 558:13,14 583:24 source 619:14,15 653:1 584:5 626:24 627:10 547:14 573:7 622:7 spot statements 632:23 637:16 642:16 south 623:8 641:5 652:1,1 653:1 664:1 643:17 652:1,1,1 653:1,1 548:12 sprague states 661:1,1,1,1 space 510:22 500:1 501:1 521:18 522:4,6 study 589:8 606:2 springs 529:24 541:1,20,25 560:4 458:1 460:1,1 471:1 474:1 spaces 590:19 560:23 586:25 590:21 474:1 486:1,1,1,1 493:1,1 532:25 St 591:4,23 592:8 593:8 611:4 495:1 497:1 505:1 507:1,1 speaking 453:1 454:1,1 458:1 500:1 629:17 631:8,13 637:6 514:4,22,25 515:5,5,12,14 458:1 548:12,15 549:6 550:7 648:1 649:1 651:1 654:1 515:18 516:4,7,12,21 spec 551:3,4,5,11 553:5 625:19 stating 524:16 525:6 536:19 620:15 staff 582:19 636:9 655:1 611:12 634:5 643:5,9,15 special 551:3 553:5 statistically 653:1 656:1 661:1,1,1 495:1 511:7 575:19 585:20 staffed 484:1 485:1 486:1 492:1 664:1 665:1 666:1 662:1 554:17 563:20 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3706 [stuff - terms] stuff supervising sworn technology 485:1 490:1 534:10 538:20 552:15 453:1,1 642:1 539:6 640:10 supervisor symposium teenage sub 454:1 557:9 496:1,1 482:1 supplied symptoms tell subchronic 622:8 613:3 453:1,1 455:1 457:1 458:1 471:1 supplier system 464:1,1 467:1 469:1 473:1 subject 620:19,20 621:12,24 622:5 509:24,25 512:17 589:17 474:1 478:1 482:1 483:1 467:1 591:15 626:12 622:12 615:18619:3 490:1,1 493:1,1 496:1 subjected supplying systemic 515:17 518:21 519:1 523:6 666:1 620:20 496:1 497:1,1,1 560:13,17 528:20 532:19,22 533:23 subjects support 571:24 596:10____________ 534:3 554:3 585:14 593:17 485:1 498:1 525:17 t 596:3,6 600:23 601:17 submarine supports table 603:24 605:24 623:21 485:1,1,1,1,1 submarines 483:1 484:1 542:1 submitted 528:16 suppose 617:9 658:1 supposed 656:1,1 tables 473:1 545:15 642:19 656:1 632:16 641:4 642:25 650:1 651:1 666:1 telling tablet 487:1 492:1 521:19,22 456:1 557:6 subplanted 473:1 499:1 subsequent 460:1 473:1 492:1 534:6 suppositions 516:20 sure 476:1 taken 479:1,1 480:1,1 494:1,1,1 497:1 506:1,1 589:5 539:10,11 592:8 593:8 644:19 tells 568:21 570:24 571:6 462:1 465:1 substance 461:1 462:1 463:1,1,1,1 466:1,1 497:1 659:1 substantial 455:1 459:1 464:1 475:1 talk 477:1 482:1 494:1,1 510:18 511:24512:15515:17 516:18 520:2 522:23 523:19 530:14 534:1 457:1 458:1 466:1 468:1 491:1 495:1 506:1,1 513:3 516:25 520:25 523:18 568:5 617:21 618:1 634:21 591:23 615:2 temperature 577:12 606:1 temperatures 532:25 577:17 579:14 509:19 succession 563:16 succinct 606:22,25 659:1,1 660:1 667:1 suffering 517:6 sufficient 561:1 571:21 585:18 587:18 607:23 suggested 527:21 594:1,12 610:10 652:1 suitable 596:23,25 sulfuric 660:1 summarized 522:7 544:17 666:1 summary 472:1,1 473:1 632:14 656:1 Sunderland 514:23 supervise 455:1 supervised 454:1 537:10 552:7 553:23 565:20 566:16 567:24 571:13 582:19 602:15 609:5 614:20 618:11 624:5 627:24 638:5 648:1 650:1 660:1 surfaces 630:11 664:1 surprise 462:1 surprised 461:1 652:1,1 survived 656:1 suspect 516:3,6 sustained 535:10 563:5 609:2 612:2,5 swann 507:1 549:1 620:10,18 621:11,15,17,24 622:3,4,11 swear 668:1 sweat 496:1 switched 622:11 switching 622:4 talked 461:1 463:1 503:1,1 519:11 519:15 523:8 541:25 542:2 542:16 638:8 talking 458:1 462:1 465:1 467:1 469:1 475:1 476:1,1 494:1 500:1 503:1 537:15 546:21 577:2 595:14 608:14 619:13 631:2,15,16,22 635:5 637:13 638:6 648:1 649:1,1,1,1,1 651:1 655:1 660:1,1 661:1,1 664:1 667:1 talks 506:1 530:9 561:13 589:11 592:22 601:15 602:7 604:16 605:20 643:9 665:1 665:1 tar 515:14 target 507:1 662:1 technical 604:23 605:15 664:1 665:1 technique 598:21 techniques 598:19 593:3 596:9,25 601:18 603:7 604:12 606:2 619:12 619:25 temporary 617:25 646:11 ten 500:1,1,1 501:1 503:1 509:8 529:2,22 575:24 576:2,2,3,4 658:1 tenfold 636:6 tentatively 527:22 tenth 478:1,1,1 481:1 tenths 483:1 484:1,1,1,1 485:1 tenure 456:1 534:25 659:1 term 458:1 468:1 470:1 473:1,1 473:1 474:1 496:1,1 510:5 510:8 518:8 538:20 602:8 611:13657:1 661:1 terminols 458:1 terms 582:24 666:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3707 [test - toxicologist] test theirs thousandth tlvs (cont.) 459:1 461:1,1,1 462:1 602:14 475:1 606:6 657:1,1,1 658:1 465:1,1,1 471:1 472:1 therapeutic three tlv's 478:1 485:1 486:1,1 488:1 550:19 453:1 464:1 478:1 485:1,1 535:21 488:1 489:1 490:1 491:1,1 thereabouts 485:1 486:1 494:1 495:1 today 491:1 492:1 498:1 499:1,1 647:1 517:9 543:10 544:10,11,22 471:1,1 575:9,10,11 642:9 499:1 536:4,6,7 537:16,18 therminols 545:4 546:20,23 553:2 told 542:11 555:6 575:9 626:15 583:20 595:15617:22 619:10,11 471:1 487:1,1,1 491:1 632:2 633:11 634:23 636:1 thermometer 627:23 492:1,1 509:4 519:17 651:1 654:1,1,1,1 655:1,1,1 612:13,19 threshold 532:19 536:5 572:16,20,22 655:1,1,1,1 656:1,1,1 665:1 thick 473:1 474:1,1 527:21 580:17 613:21,24 614:10 tested 472:1,1,1 473:1 597:15 636:16 636:25 460:1 488:1 536:16 632:2 598:7 599:14 600:7 threw tomorrow 654:1 thickening 469:1 574:1,4,13 575:11 testified 560:12,25 throat top 542:5,6 600:10,10 thing 593:1 459:1 555:13 561:5 618:24 testifies 467:1 476:1 477:1 487:1 thymol 643:1 657:1 453:1 506:1 513:11 520:14 498:1,1,1 topic testimony 536:14 549:24 576:8 till 521:25 577:17 460:1 478:1 535:15,20 598:13 630:6 634:11 657:1 503:1 577:25 593:20 total 542:9 668:1 657:1,1 658:1 605:17 621:1 498:1 testing things time totally 457:1 458:1,1,1 461:1,1,1 530:5 532:14 535:8 551:1 453:1 454:1,1,1 455:1 589:17 462:1,1 464:1 465:1,1 597:9 599:23 605:2 625:14 456:1 458:1 461:1 465:1 touch 468:1,1,1 486:1 487:1 think 467:1 470:1 471:1,1 477:1 617:13,17 618:5 644:7 490:1,1,1,1 511:11 513:19 457:1 469:1 470:1 471:1,1 477:1 478:1 479:1 480:1 tox 514:1,25 516:23 517:11,12 474:1 482:1,1 484:1 486:1 482:1 484:1 490:1 492:1,1 553:22 521:1,20,23 530:2,9 532:1 490:1,1 491:1 496:1,1,1 492:1 494:1 508:1 509:9 toxic 542:2 553:15 555:18 497:1 499:1 507:1 510:5,8 512:14,23 513:16 524:23 455:1 456:1,1 462:1 466:1 568:16 628:7 637:2 638:9 510:11 511:21 513:4 524:24 525:25 526:3 466:1,1,1,1 474:1 485:1 639:7 641:15 517:16 526:5 530:25 534:5 533:20,21 534:1,9,24 502:1 505:1 517:2 522:8,15 tests 534:11 536:11 539:1 552:7 537:14 545:12 548:18 523:8,12 525:11,16 547:22 458:1 460:1,1 461:1 465:1 552:19 555:13,16 556:13 551:21 552:11,12 553:7 588:8,21 596:11 469:1,1,1 470:1 472:1 558:20 561:17 562:6 554:14 562:24 563:7,14,22 toxicity 483:1,1,1 484:1 486:1,1,1,1 564:13 568:19 571:22 563:22 565:23 574:4,7 458:1,1 460:1 461:1,1,1 487:1,1,1,1,1 489:1,1 491:1 577:10 579:15 582:12 575:5 593:12,18,20 601:1 465:1,1,1,1 466:1,1,1,1 491:1 492:1,1,1 498:1,1,1,1 585:15 586:16 588:16 605:4 606:15 607:6,16,20 467:1,1 490:1 498:1 501:1 498:1 499:1 507:1,1 511:8 590:5 600:9 603:4 621:23 608:17 609:6 610:6,8 501:1 506:1,1 514:5,12 514:12 517:1,4,19,24 624:6 625:21 627:6 629:18 611:22 614:22 619:25 516:8,12 517:21 530:6,6 519:22 530:13 537:7,25 634:22 639:1 641:19 653:1 622:3,19,19 623:5,25 532:1,9,12 533:24 555:17 538:4 558:15 611:2 625:17 655:1 656:1 657:1,1 637:11 645:13,16,20,22 557:5 558:6,22 560:5 563:1 626:16,24 627:2,15,25 thinking 646:1,2,3 655:1 658:1 565:13 566:7,21 567:2,5 631:24 635:6 638:13 653:1 485:1 638:1 659:1 660:1,1 589:24 594:24 595:11,22 656:1 662:1,1,1 666:1,1 thinks times 600:25 608:20 610:1,4 tetra 640:6 478:1 494:1 562:15 564:15 617:8 618:19 625:17 627:2 555:24 third 584:4 616:25 636:24 627:9 628:7 639:7 660:1 tetrachlornaphthalene 456:1,1 529:6 543:2 571:5 title toxicological 545:11 572:18 591:22 549:11,15,18 557:3 558:5 455:1 456:1 457:1 468:1 text thirteen titles 486:1,1 487:1,1 488:1 560:18 633:10 665:1 666:1 498:1 597:10 489:1,1,1,1 490:1,1,1,1 thank thought tlv 491:1,1 492:1 530:11,12 509:11 540:12 553:12 507:1 608:7 619:18 473:1 474:1,1 480:1 492:1 552:14,17 553:15 554:23 559:10 570:3 575:4,8 thousand 528:11,15 540:9,10,10 626:12 661:1,1 576:24 577:1 579:21 475:1 562:12,15 657:1,1,1,1 toxicologist 607:19 662:1 663:1 666:1 thousands tlvs 468:1 471:1 490:1 552:19 668:1,1,1,1 516:22 492:1,1,1 500:1,1 582:16 620:25 656:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3708 [toxicologists - variances] toxicologists treon's turned unjustified 456:1 491:1 502:1 552:20 486:1 504:1,1 537:2 556:1 621:9 642:18 643:19 toxicology 567:23 636:10,11 637:20 twelve unrelated 467:1 529:18 556:8 598:9 653:1,1 479:1 576:11 598:15 599:19,22 600:17 trial twentieth unsafe 604:5 605:16 610:24 638:3 485:1 480:1,1 585:6 639:22 triangle twice untoward trace 610:23 635:14 658:1 597:2 642:17 643:18 644:9,21 trichlorobenzene type unusual track 569:21 570:1,10,12 457:1 458:1 522:22 525:23 468:1 624:21 623:18 trichlorobiphenyl 575:18 585:21 612:19 ups tract 591:18 630:5 665:1 480:1 542:19 593:1 trichlorodiphenyl types urinalysis trade 569:19,23,24,25 570:4,7,25 606:18 647:1 498:1 558:8 602:11,21,23 610:20 571:3 592:15 typical usage 625:3 trichloroethylene 642:22 536:3 590:25 transfer 514:6 typically use 470:1 493:1,1 510:1 615:17 tried 541:22 459:1,1 468:1 470:1 474:1 617:23 619:3,6,22 566:4 622:4 u 474:1 475:1 482:1 485:1,1 transformer 573:7 582:22 591:12 trouble 478:1 540:6 u.s. 590:18 489:1,1 498:1 501:1 504:1 504:1 540:9 546:12 569:19 592:23 602:7 603:6 troubles uh 570:4 571:19 572:25 transformers 459:1 486:1 518:18 573:13 578:7 579:13 470:1 558:11 570:13,17 true ultimately 580:11,21 588:17 597:25 573:10,13 597:23 translate 456:1 467:1 469:1 478:1 509:13,18,22 510:14 470:1 um 606:10,25 615:16 629:21 629:22 632:22 637:5 562:11 517:10 518:6 525:20 660:1 639:10 649:1 667:1 transposed 528:12 530:14 540:8 unchanged users 615:9 545:20 636:5 647:1,1 648:1 498:1 608:15 transposing 504:1 505:1 649:1,1 656:1 truth underlined 560:18 user's 582:24 treat 668:1,1,1 understand uses 494:1 try 460:1 463:1 472:1 475:1 463:1 500:1 581:12 602:12 treated 528:2,8 550:25 580:10,19 476:1,1,1 479:1 485:1 usual 483:1 493:1 494:1 treatment 609:15 632:7 640:9 667:1,1 trying 496:1 509:5 522:1 529:12 529:13 530:19 615:10 606:13 621:10 usually 585:20 472:1,1,1 473:1 476:1,1 633:13 634:18 637:25 476:1 496:1,1 619:19 treats 496:1 529:13 531:15 649:1 664:1 V 550:11 575:15 626:4 understanding value trees 667:1 tuberculosis 550:12 453:1 634:17 unfortunately 473:1 474:1 636:16 values treon tumors 547:17 504:1 653:1 655:1 470:1 471:1 472:1 473:1 624:15 union vapor 474:1 477:1 480:1,1,1 turbidity 553:18,22,25 514:5 567:3,5 585:6 587:20 481:1 490:1,1 499:1 504:1 498:1,1,1 united 589:14 606:5 632:18 635:8 513:12,15 517:20 518:21 turn 501:1 521:18 522:4,6 636:3 654:1 656:1,1 666:1 520:11 524:2,13,16,21 477:1 544:5,18 545:21 529:24 541:1,20,25 590:21 vapors 525:2 531:3 535:21 536:19 546:18 558:18 559:11 591:4,23 592:8 593:8 611:4 470:1 525:14 532:23 537:11,12 555:21 565:17 568:18 569:6 572:11 629:17 631:13 637:6 648:1 561:14 562:4 565:13 566:7 565:21 566:6,12,21 567:3 567:11 568:25 569:2 578:21 579:24 580:23 581:14 582:2,18 585:9 649:1 universities 571:21 592:13 593:2 596:9 596:24 600:21,24 601:2,22 583:24 584:5 596:14 588:1,25 594:15 598:7 540:22 605:25 606:2 615:18 615:24 631:10,19,24 632:2 600:2,11 604:4 605:20 university 633:12,17 656:1 632:8,12 634:4,23 635:5 614:24 625:22 626:7 453:1 470:1 551:4,11 555:2 variances 636:1,22 637:16 638:9,13 652:1,1,1,1,1 653:1 664:1 628:14 632:12 633:1,9 641:2 642:3 555:10,15,25 654:1 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOOI3709 [various - worker] various wal 454:1,1,1,1 455:1 456:1 639:4 457:1 458:1 465:1,1,1,1 wales 509:6 517:1 552:5 647:1,1 575:7,7 647:1,1 want varying 462:1,1 465:1 473:1 477:1 632:3 478:1,1 479:1 485:1 490:1 vastly 490:1 495:1 498:1 513:11 642:20 520:8,16 521:6,12 522:11 vegetable 522:12 539:2 559:7 576:9 614:4,12 576:17 605:1 630:22 ventilated 635:14 644:7 647:1 657:1 598:23 661:1 667:1 ventilation wanted 546:12 562:3 577:12,18 470:1 523:11 579:8,15 589:18 593:4 war 596:24 601:21 603:8 549:10,21 563:15 595:23 604:16 613:7 615:11 624:5 versus warn 466:1 467:1 538:13 victim warning 657:1 534:13 659:1 video warnings 600:10 603:15 456:1 533:13 539:9 659:1 view 667:1 516:2 warrants viewed 575:18,18 637:1 wash violently 660:1 469:1 washed viscera 606:12 525:12 washing visit 589:11 482:1 622:25 651:1 Washington visited 553:1 555:3 622:18 watch visits 618:4 623:11 water voice 535:7 554:9 576:13,15,18 553:10 554:7 609:19 589:11 630:11 664:1 volume watt 476:1,1,1 477:1 625:5,6 595:5,8 639:15 643:22 wax von 546:6 556:4,7,14 557:6,8,15,21 waxes 558:2,14,19,21 559:12 546:8 560:3,4,19,22 561:9,22 ways 593:14 455:1 vote wear 530:17 601:24 w wearing wage 623:23 624:9 554:8 562:21 week wait 503:1 575:3 577:25 605:17 523:22 553:2 633:6,17,18 weeks 454:1 585:19 618:5 633:6 weight wheeler's (cont.) 654:1 656:1 615:1 664:1 weights wider 653:1 654:1 655:1,1 656:1 582:23 656:1,1 wigert welcome 586:9,13 495:1 wilbur welded 564:4 567:9 569:11 577:5 617:25 579:1,21 580:7 581:1,18,22 went 583:14 590:15 592:7 593:7 454:1 456:1 478:1,1 479:1 613:14,18,24 479:1 481:1 495:1 519:24 william 527:25 532:13,14 547:9 510:22 662:1,1 668:1 549:10 551:21 552:4 553:4 williams 563:12 564:7 570:10 629:14 610:21 612:15621:16,17 willing 621:18 627:22 648:1 659:1 485:1 westinghouse wilson 557:18 558:8,21 559:15,21 568:2 559:22 561:11 562:25 wire 563:6,22,24 564:7,14 565:7 459:1,1 544:25 545:23 565:9 566:12,17,22 567:10 546:3,5,6,11,20,24 567:11,16,22 568:8 569:3 witness 569:12 570:12,25 571:7 461:1 508:1 526:17,22 572:22 573:12 577:5,23 528:8 529:8 553:12 574:2,4 578:6,23 579:3,20 580:7,18 576:12,14,16 609:10,13 581:2,22 582:7,18,20 612:3 645:18,25 668:1,1,1 583:15,23 584:6,12 585:4 wonder 586:3,13,13,21 589:23 638:2 590:16,20 591:5,8 592:7 woodhouse 593:8 600:9 602:12 603:17 515:19 608:15 613:14,18,20,24 word 615:2 644:13,20 668:1 497:1 498:1 509:4 515:22 westinghouse's 602:9 558:2 587:12,23 602:23 words we've 467:1 476:1 501:1 509:16 507:1 521:19,22 530:14,15 549:13 550:19 607:1 657:1 600:16 602:15 606:19 work 617:15 637:23 638:9 639:7 454:1 457:1 460:1 473:1 667:1,1 485:1 486:1 504:1 506:1 wheeler 510:15,16512:11,12 501:1,1,1,1 502:1,1 503:1,1 521:11,12 528:16,18 537:2 503:1,1,1 518:7 551:25 540:20 542:20 552:1,14 552:6 564:12,21 565:5 553:21 564:7 596:8,14,17 566:15 567:9,10 568:7,21 601:1 606:3 615:23 616:9 569:1,9,18 570:24 571:6 637:1 638:3,16 640:24 573:4 577:6,22 578:7,22,25 652:1 655:1 657:1,1 579:8,19,21 580:7,17 581:2 worked 581:19,20 582:5,17 583:2 509:14,19 518:25 546:5 583:14,22 584:2,3 613:13 549:1 556:10 564:21 613:17,19,23 614:10615:2 568:15 569:10,10 578:22 615:9,13 644:12,19 651:1 581:18,18 624:3 644:13 652:1,1,1 653:1,1 664:1 662:1 667:1,1,1 668:1 worker wheeler's 470:1 474:1 498:1,1 499:1 567:21 577:15 579:25 534:4,5,9,11 544:22 545:23 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMON0013710 [worker - zero] worker (cont.) yearly 546:14,20,21 550:18 624:1 623:1 661:1 662:1,1 657:1 years workers 453:1 456:1 464:1 467:1 479:1 494:1,1 504:1 505:1 468:1 487:1 516:15 518:25 505:1 511:6 516:16 517:6 534:21 548:9,17,20 549:4 518:9,25 538:21 539:24,25 550:1 564:22 572:23 540:2 544:12 585:25 582:20 587:20 588:9,22 607:24 608:12 609:18,22 627:14 610:2,6 620:3,6,11 621:19 yesterday 623:14 624:8,18,22 643:5 576:18 577:17 600:10 661:1,1,1,1 662:1 603:15 625:13 627:23 working 628:16 658:1,1 478:1 497:1 511:9,14 yield 517:13 518:3,22 536:3 655:1 541:4 546:15,23 547:1 york 586:4 589:16 616:11 620:25 workmen younger 601:24 614:2,11 615:21 625:17 626:9,19__________ workplace 454:1 567:25 workroom 601:22 zero 610:5 z workrooms 601:3 world 512:11 563:15 595:23 613:7 615:11 worry 522:21 524:8 wright 590:18,21 write 487:1 writing 518:7 578:7 590:20 606:17 written 491:1,1 502:1 505:1 569:18 585:3 591:4 595:16 638:22 650:1 wrong 523:1 524:15 539:11,14 wrote 478:1,1 488:1 521:3 581:21 594:4 596:2,13 617:18 639:6 666:1_______________ y yamigawa 515:12 yeah 467:1 572:4 587:6 597:14 634:6 639:20 644:6 658:1 year 458:1 485:1 505:1 514:12 514:22,25 516:8,12,21,23 531:25 538:19 565:18 Kelly, R.Emmet, M.D., 8/15/1994 Trial Testimony in Bechtold TOWOLDMONOQ13711