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.i . Bulletin No. 203 STATE OF OHIO SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS AND GENERAL SAFETY STANDARDS OF THE INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION OF OHIO FOR WORKSHOPS AND FACTORIES J Covering Previously Adopted Bulletin Nos. 203,204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 213 and Power Saws (Covering All Industries) Power Driven Traveling Cranes (Workshops and Factories Only) Adopted by The Industrial Commission of Ohio as Revised and Issued as a General Order, jiffective January 1,1951 New--Chapter XIV--Personal Protective Equipment I New Chapter XV--Ventilation and Exhausts Adopted by The Industrial Commission of Obio as Revised and __ Issued as a General Order, Effective January 3,1955. Effective January 1, 1951 Except New Chapter XIV and XV Effective January 3, 1955 Copy 1 THE INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION OF OHIO M. HOLLAND KHISE, Chairman AUGUSTIJ3 G. PAH&m, V3o Chairman RICHARD W. TOBIN, Masxber DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS WILLIAM O. WALKER. Dlr*clor DIVISION Or FACTORY AND BUILDING INSPECTION COLUMBUS, OHIO NOVEMBER 20, lfSI THE INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION OF OHIO Law -- Scope a RESOLUTION WHEREAS, the Specific Requirements and General Safety Standards of The Industrial Commission for Workshops and Factories herein are formulated, compiled and issued ia compliance with Article II, Section 35, of the Constitu tion of Ohio, and in further compliance with Sections 161-1, 871-22, 871-25, 871-26, 871-34 and 102&-6 of the Ohio General Code, authorizing The Industrial Commission of Ohio to make, adopt and publish safety orders, rules and reg ulations and to prescribe what safety devices, safeguards and other means which are best adapted for reasonable protection of employees in every place of employment, and WHEREAS, by virtue of the above authority vested in The Industrial Commission of Ohio, the following Resolution was adopted on this 20th day of November, 1950: - NOW, THEREFORE BE IT- RESOLVED by The Industrial Commission of Ohio, that each of the following identified codes relating to the specific subjects covered by each, and issued as a general order effective on the date indicated, and filed in the Office of the Secretary of State on the date indicated. be, and the same is, hereby repealed effective at 12 rf)0 o'clock midnight December 31, 1950: BvUvtia N*. 203 204 205 206 207 8bjct General Safety Standards Fire Drills in Factories Foundries Woodworking Machinery Presses, Hammers, Machines and Machine Tools ImmJ Jan. 1, 1924 Jan. 1, 1924 May 1, 1931 May 1. 1931 Jan. I, 1933 Aug. 4, 1941 Aug. 4, 1941 Aug. 4, 1941 Aug. 4, 1941 Aug. 4, 1941 208 Polishing and Grinding _ . .. Jan. 1, 1924 Aug. 4, 1941 _ 209 Blowers and F.xhausters 210 Steel Mills 213 Laundries, Dry Cleaning and Dyeing Establishments Jan. 1, 1924 Jan. 1, 1924 May 1, 1931 Aug 4, 1941 \ Aug 4, 1941 Aug 4, 1941 AND IT IS FURTHER RESOLVED by The Industrial Commission of Ohio that the code of Specific Safety Requirements following in entirety herein, titled and known as "Specific Requirements and General Safety Standards of The Industrial Commission of Ohio'* be, and the same is, adopted and issued as a general order; that on or about the 10th day of October, 1950, publication was made in pamphlet form for distribution cm demand and that said code of Specific Safety Requirements shall be in full force and effect on and after the 1st day of January, 1951, as provided by law. . i * - Opening Power ' Ladders Powerxl Fire Dri Woodwt Presses, Foundri Grindinf Steel M Power-I Laundri- This upon Motion of Mr. Morse, seconded by Mr. Dickerson, and voted on as follows: /S/ Richard W. Morse AYE CHAIRMAN /S/ J. Maynard Dickerson AYE VICE CHAIRMAN ' /S/ Will T. Blake AYE ~ ATTEST: MEMBER /S/ Joseph J. Scanlon SECRETARY * DATED: NOVEMBER 20. 1950 4- - & Dry Q< Personal Ventilati ling cleaning :ves may be he employer d over when to use propuired under Code 4101.12 1 n Ji), /s anu light e which fol:ns desirable as indicated light from {.o inclusive, for electric ling, and for ng: ceeding 75 ceeding 200 ceeding 400 ' Chapter XV .. VENTILATION AND EXHAUSTS SCOPE This chapter covers meins for the control of gases, dusts, mists, fumes, and vapors that are named in the chapter and that have been established as injurious in the concentrations present The plates and the recommended maximum allowable concen tration table, given in the Appendix, are given -for information or guide purposes only and are not to be considered as establishing specific requirements. Section 165. The requirements of Sections-4125.02 to 4125.11, inclusive, of the General Code of Ohio (1953 Revision), pertaining to the manufacture, of white lead, red lead, litharge, sugar of lead, arsenate of lead, lead chromate, lead sulphate, lead nitrate and lead fiuosilicate, are hereby by reference, made a part of the requirements of this code. Section 166. DEFINITIONS. 1. "General Ventilation", means the ventilation of the General atmosphere in the place of employment. 2. "Dilution" ventilation, means ventilation provided to dilute the concentration of dusts, fumes, vapors or gases in the atmosphere of all or part of the place of employment 3. "Local Exhaust", ventilation means that type of ventilation in which suction is applied at the point of generation or escape of dusts, fumes, mists, vapors or gases. ' 4. "Exhaust System", means a complete suction system, includ ing all hoods, ducts, fans, separators and receptacles when required, and any other part necessary for the proper instal lation and operation thereof. 5. "Hood", means that part of an exhaust system into which the contaminated air or dust, fumes, mist, vapor or gas first enters. 6. "Duct", means any pipe, flume or channel forming a part of a ventilating system, used to convey air, dust, fumes, mists, vapors or gases. 7. "Fan", means the machine which creates the movement of air in a mechanical system of ventilation. 8. "Separator or Collector", means that part of an exhaust system in which the contaminant or entrained material, is separated from the air which conveys it. 9. "Dust", means particles of solid matter which have been pulverized. 67 68 . - ' { ' . ' * -- 10. "Fume*" means solid particles generated by condensation from the vapor or gaseous states, usually of metallic ele- , ments and often accompanied by oxidation. 11. "MUt", means liquid droplets or wet solids suspended in air. 12. "Vapor", means the gaseous form of a substance normally in'the liquid or solid state. . 13. "Ga*", means a formless fluid occupying the space of enclosure. 14. "Airborne Hazards", means injurious concentrations of fi brosis producing or toxic dusts, toxic fumes, mists, vapors or gases or a combination of these suspended in the atmos phere in working areas. . *5- "Captured Velocity", is the velocity at any point in front of the hood necessary to overcome opposing air currents and to capture the contaminated air by causing it to flow into the exhaust hood. 16. "Transport Velocity", is the amount of air required to keep the material being exhausted, airborne in the exhaust system. " 17. "Injurious Concentration*", as applied to fibrosis producing- or toxic dusts, toxic fumes, mists, vapors, or gases, means concentrations which are known to the employer to be in excess of those which would not normally result in injury to an employee's health if the employee had not been pre viously exposed to such fibrosis producing or toxic dusts, toxic fumes, mists, vapors, or gases. 18. The Symbol "FPM", means the rate of lineal air movement in feet per minute. - CONTROL OF AIRBORNE HAZARDS Section 167. Airborne hazards shall be minimized by one or more of the following methods: a) Substitute non-injurious or less injurious material, Sb) Confine or isolate the contaminant. c) Remove at source (local exhaust ventilation), (d) Remove by dilution ventilation. (e) Remove by general ventilation. (f) Use of wet methods to allay dusts. - Note: Good housekeeping is of definite value in minimizing airborne hazards created by dust. RESPIRATORY EQUIPMENT Section 168. (a) When the removal of air contaminants is im practicable, where exposures are intermittent and of short duration, or in. cases of emergency, then each employee who is liable to ex posure shall be protected by a respirator or other protective equip ment as and when required in Chapter XIV of Bulletin 203. It shall be the responsibility of the employee to wear such special equipment as n i- % -1 vS - 'Vi . 3 if-. s>s* '3 % .V ' - -vr r, .T. W 'l / i \y is pro\ old Se 0= room. . a Bun the su shall t grin: s< when. dusts, exhau EXCI 0 liquid (; V or an abrasi S shall flame EVA! IN N. c concc be ex TOX < when static exhai REQ 4 cond the 1 matt lectc systi teria whic syst of 0 >y condensation of metallic ele- ? uspended in air. itance normally -- the apace of ntrations of fis, mists, vapors :d in the atmos- % ' '% " oint in front of lir currents and it ' now into equna.^ to keep in the exhaust >rosis producing or gases, means lployer to be in result in injury .d not been pre- or toxic dusts, al air movement . ; i by one or more tterial. irruzing airborne tarn 5 is im f si uration, is liable to ex^rotective equipn 203. It shall be equipment as `. * - 69 . is provided by the/ employer. (See Revised Code 4101.12 and 4lor.!3, old Section 871-16-17 G-C.) . - (b) In addition to the type of exhaust used in an abrasive blast, room, all employees .working inside the room shall be provided with a Bureau of Mines approved supplied air helmet .The air supply to the supplied air helmet shall be free from harmful ingredients and shall be of a positive pressure type, GRINDING, POLISHING AND BUFFING OPERATORS Section 169. Whenever the nature of the work will permit and when there is injurious concentration of fibrosis producing or toxic dusts, abrasive wheels and belts shall be effectively hooded and exhausted. EXCEPTIONS: - (1) Abrasive wheels or belts upon which water, oil or other liquid substance is used at the point of the grinding contact. (2) Small abrasive wheels used occasionally for tool grinding, or an operation employing not more than one man at work upon such abrasive wheels. . Section 170. Abrasive wheel and buffing wheel exhaust systems, shall be kept separate when the dust from the buffing wheel is of flammable material. EVAPORATION OF TOXIC MATERIALS IN MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Section 171. When toxic materials are evaporated in injurious concentrations during their application, drying or handling, they shall be exhausted by means of local exhaust if practicable. TOXIC GASES FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Section 172. Whenever the nature of the work will permit and when there is an injurious concentration of toxic gases produced by stationary internal combustion engines, such gases shall be effectively exhausted. REQUIREMENTS FOR EXHAUST SYSTEMS Section 173. The exhaust ductwork shall be of a size suitable for conducting the contaminated air outdoors or to provide not less than the minimum transport velocity necessary to remove the particulate material produced by the operation to a dust collector. Section 174. The air outlet from every air separator or dust col lector and the gases, vapors, fumes or mists collected by an exhaust system, shall be discharged in such a manner so that discharged ma terials will not re-enter the working area in injurious concentrations. Section 175. There shall be air supply openings or inlets through which air enters the building or room in which the local exhaust system is in operation, carefully located and remote from any source of outdoor contamination.  / APPENDIX I The concentration' of atmospheric contaminants in the air breathed by employees, should not exceed the following recommended maximum allowable concentrations for an eight-hour daily exposure: Maximum concentration should not be used as the sole criterion for establishing evidence of hazard to health but the evaluation of a ptossible hazard should also be subject to other pertinent factors such as the nature of the contaminant and the frequency and duration of the exposure or clinical evidence of harmful effects. CASES AND VAPORS Acetone ................................................ Acrolein........ ........................................ Acrylonitrile (Vinyl Cyanide) ............. ` Ammonia ........................... ................... Amyl Acetate ........................................ Butyl Acetate ....................................... Ethyl Acetate ........................................ Aniline .................................................. . Arsine .................................................... Benzene (Benzol) ............................... Butanone (Methyl Ethyl Ketone) .... Butyl Alcohol........ .............................. . Carbon Disulfide ................................. Carbon Monoxide............................... J Carbon Tetrachloride............................. Chlorine .................................................. Chloroform ............................................ Dichlorobenzene ..................................... Dichloroerhyl Ether ............................... Dimethyl Aniline ................................... Ether (Ethyl) ....................................... Ethylene Dfchloride ............................... E/thylcne glycol monomethyl ether (Methyl ''Ccllosolve'').................... Formaldehyde ......................*................. Hydrogen Chloride ............................... Hydrogen Cyanide ................................. Hydrogen Fluoride (Calculated as H F) Hydrogen Sulfide................................... Methyl Alcohol..................................... Methyl Bromido..................................... 70 CONCENTRATION Parts per million (by volume) IOOO 0.5 20 IOO 200 200 400 5 0.05 35 300 200 20 100 50 5 too 75 15 5 400 100 50 10 10 15 3 20 200 20 f A e 7 . GASES AND VAPC Methyl Chloride........ Naphtha: - Coal Tar ........... Petroleum ......... Nitrobenzene ............. Nitrogen Oxides........ Ozone ................... Phosgene ................... Phosphine ............ . - Styrene (Monomer) . Sulfur Dioxide ....> 'Tetrachloroethane------ Tetrachloroethylenc (F Toluene (Toluol) .... Trichloroethylene----- Turpentine ......... Xylene (Xylol) .... METALLIC DUST1 Beryllium (Daily weq (Top on sh Cadmium ................. Chromic Add and Chn (Calculated as chr Lead ......................... Manganese............... Mercury ................... Zinc Oxide ............. OTHER DUSTS Al Chlorinated Diphenyls Chlorinated Naphthale Trichloronaphthal Pentachloronapht! MINERAL DUSTS Asbestos ................... Silica, free or uncoml in the air recommended .ily exposure: sole criterion 'aluation of a . factors such d duration of CENTRATION ts per million by volume) ooo < '20 . IOO 200 200 400 5 0.0s 35 300 roo 20 100 50 5 roo 75 15 5 .00 00 So 10 ro 15 3 20 00 20 .! 1 . 71 . '' GASES AND VAPORS . ' . ' CONCENTRATION Parts per millioa (by volume) Methyl Chloride.................. Naphtha: Dial Tar...................... 200 ` - 200 Petroleum .......................*............................... v.. Nitrobenzene...................................................................... Nitrogen Oxides...................,...................................... .. Ozone ............................................................................... 75 I 25 I Phosgene ........................................................................... Phosphine .......... .............................................................. I 0.05 Styrene (Monomer) ....................................................... Sulfur Dioxide .....................:.................................... 'Tetrachloroethane .............................................................. Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) ..................... 10 IO 200 Toluene (Toluol) ......... Trichloroethylene............................ 200 200 Turpentine..................................... .............. -................. 2oo Xylene (Xylol) ........................... '.............................. 200 .... METALLIC DUSTS AND FUMES CONCENTRATION Milligrams per cubic meter Beryllium (Daily weighted average) .......................... (Top on short term) .................................... .002 .. .025 Cadmium .................................. *i Chronic Add and Chromates . (Calculated as chromic oxide, CrO,...................... o. I- Lead ................................................................. -............... Manganese......................................................................... 0.15 6.0 Mercuiy............................................................................. 0.1 Zinc Oxide ....................................................................... r5* OTHER DUSTS AND FUMES Chlorinated Diphenyls .................................................... Chlorinated Naphthalenes: Trichloronaphthalene ............................................... Pentachloronaphthalene .................................... 1.0 5- *5 MINERAL DUSTS CONCENTRATION Million particles per cubic loot Asbestos ....................... .................................................... Silica, free or uncotrrbined: Over50% ..................... 5 5 5 to 5Q% ...................... Below 5fo .................... 2 50 i "Explanatory Note: - 72 /. . - - (i) At least three atmospheric samples, spaced at intervals to yield an aver age measurement of exposure over the entire cycle of. operation under test shall be collected in the breathing zone of the worker or -wherever such exposures are suspected or known to exist. *2) For the purpose of this chapter, the sampling and analysis of con taminated air and the interpretation of the data in relation to the recommended maximum allowable concentrations shall be done using established sampling and analysis procedures acceptable to the Industrial Commission of Ohio. (3) Temporary concentrations in excess of the maximum, allowable concen trations recommended shall not be permitted if exposure to such con centrations far a period of one hour or less may result in an adverse effect on health as determined by The Industrial Commission of Ohio. (4) For the purpose of the above maximum allowable concentrations for silica, the free silica content shall be the percent of free silica in the fraction of the airborne dust in the breathing zone of the worker that is smaller than 5 microns in maximum diameter. (5) For all other dust determinations millions of dust particles per cubic foot of air by the light field microscope counting technique shall include all microscopically visible particles up to 10 microns in size." It cause accord velocit other drafts, and dt greate Range Capture Velocit; Releas into Releas into (slig 4 i Active Of TE (mor Releas* veloc t very (stro