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FILE NAME Industrial Hygiene Foundation IHF DATE 1953 DOC IHF065 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Industrial Hygiene Digest - Abstracts i lon Beia Industrial Hygiene Digest cheah ge ua tail etic cote halt Ear + INDUSTRIAL HEALTH NEWS LITERATURE ABSTRACTS MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGICAL LEGAL ... decisions and trends INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION MELLON INSTITUTE 4400 FIFTH AVENUE - PITTSBURGH 13 PA Industrial Hygiene Digest - 30 January 1953 79 A Case of Pulmonary Asbestosis with Its Development Followed by ray and Its Mortem Study P. Luton J. Champeix and P. Faure Arch maladies profess 12 629-633 1951 French The case reported is said to have been the first one of asbestosis known to have occurred in France The man had been exposed to high con- centrations of asbestos for 11 years Symptoms and progressive ray find- ings are described After death the lungs showed general thickening through- out especially of the plurae but with no localized nodules Many asbestos bodies were seen isolated and in groups together with giant cells and min- particles No evidence of tuberculosis was found The dust particles could be traced not only in the lung vessels but also in the vessels of the liver kidneys and spleen than chemical The action of asbestos is apparently mechanical rather -- Cond from Bull Hyg 80 Byssinosis J. B. M. Vismans Ned Tijdschr Geneesk 96,800 Apr. 5 1952 Dutch Byssinosis occurs in workers in the cotton industry chiefly in those who handle the cotton before it is sent to the spinning room The author quotes from the literature and presents the histories of seven patients observed by himself which illustrate the three stages of the disease He also comments on the incidence etiology pathologic anatomy and diagnosis Generally the disease develops only after the worker has worked with cotton for at least five years A constricted tight feeling in the chest is usually the first manifestation and since this symptom is often severest on Mondays the term Monday fever Monday cough has been applied to it Patients with the advanced form of byssinosis may die of decompensation of the right side of the heart Prophylaxis is of primary importance and should involve giving atten- tion to the selection of workers and to dust control in cotton mills -- Arch Ind Hyg & Occ Med 81 Studies on Cotton Dust in Relation to Byssinosis Part III Comparison of Cotton Dust and House Dust by Chemical and Skin Tests H. Cayton G. Furness D. S. Jackson and H. B. Maitland 303-308 Oct. 1952 Brit J. Ind Med 9 - An extract of cotton dust has been compared chemically and by skin tests with extracts of house dust Both contained a polysaccharide associated with a polypeptide grouping of amino giving none of the usual color reactions for proteins Quantitative and chromatographic tests revealed a similarity in the sugars and amino detected Both extracts produced the early type of skin reaction Cotton dust generally produced also a late skin reaction whereas the house dust did not The two extracts therefore were not identical Polysaccharide compounds were probably responsible for the early skin reaction Their source is not known but they Industrial Hygiene Digest - 29 January 1953 and after treatment It improved in 62 of the miners on an average of 204 cc The improvement of neurotic conditions present in the majority of silicotics is an essential part of treatment possible in the early stages of the disease Rehabilitation as such is only It will be possible to consider the rehabilitation of patients no longer suitable for work in the mines omly when they have been retrained for other work -- Cond from Arch Ind Hyg & Occ Med 77 Investigation of Silicotic Lungs with the Electron Microscope H. Kanig StNoa . 2u 8 3b 1-38 Mar. 15 1952 German The lower limit of visibility which is of the order of 0.3 0.3 mic zon for the light microscope the electron microscope can be extended to particles 100 mies smaller by Electron diffraction patterns and chemical tests should be used to identify the components of dusts Digestioonf lung dis sue containing silicotic nodules with concentrated sulfuric acid and podaw sium nitrate yielded platelets showing signs of chemical auta Om the other hand when the tissues were treated with hydrogen peroxide on washing the tissue below 300 C and digestion with potassium climate the particles were less attacked and gave the electron diffraction pattern od montmorillonite Whether the montmorillonite was formed in the Rung by weathering of mica or whether it already occurred in the afone da e- afone x diffraction mains to be studied Identical lung residue shows quartz rary ay diffraction but montmorillonite under the electron microscope This is explained by the fact that these minerals occur in different size classes Both methods should be used -- Cond from Bullll Hyg 78 Silicatosis Etiology Pathogenesis and Clinical Treatment M. A. Kovnatskii and others Gigiena i Sanit No. 8 28-32 1952 .. Russian A review is given of the disease caused by particles of silicates rather than those of the type producing silicosis proper A study of time disease caused by asbestos particles showed that the chemical and biological features are increased rate of respiration compensatory and in stages the level of blood saturation with oxygen is essentially normal although changes changes in the myocardium are evident on the electrocardiogram The Home of the veins is reduced and the permeability of capillary walls suffers a decline in a considerable number of cases This affects the oxidative processes processesprocesses as shown by the increase of oxidized glutathione and a decreasedecrease of totall glutathione ~= Cherm Absts. Industrial Hygiene Digest - 26 : Ca March 1953 treated animals diffuse delicate connective tissue consisting of loosely knit fibers _ and walled blood vessels surrounded the silicotic nodules In the controls progressing a cellular fringe with fibroblasts suggested that active fibrosis was still The authors were unable to detect any reduction of collagen in established silicotic nodules in the treated animals although further fibroblastic proliferation was apparently retarded This suggests that cortisone will not have any lasting benefit on the collagen in human silicosis although it might arrest progression of the lesions while it was being administered Cond from J. Am Med Assn 283 Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Rhondda Fach an Interim Report of a Survey of a Mining Community J. G. Cox T. F. Jarman 843-853 Oct. 18 1952 Brit Med J. 2 7 A experiment was designed to study in a mining community with a high prevalence of pneumoconiosis the effect of reducing tuberculosis infectivity upon the rate of appearance of progressive massive fibrosis in miners already affected by simple pneumoconiosis The present report is concerned with the findings of the first roentgenological survey of the adult population Figures are given for the prevalence of tuberculosis by age and sex The extent of tuberculosis is apparently typical of such areas in the country About 30 of the miners and miners had some roentgenological signs of pneumoconiosis 15 had progressive massive fibrosis All but two patients with infectious tuberculosis were given hospital treatment The number of infectious cases has been reduced by about 60 and the patients are all being closely supervised by a health visitor Future surveys will show what effects this reduction will have on the tuberculin positivity and on the rate of appearance of new cases of tuberculosis and massive fibrosis -- Cond from Authors Summary 284 A Clinical and Pathological Study of a Case of Pulmonary Asbestosis H. Bastenier H. Denolin A. Decoster and R. Reubens Arch belges med sociale hyg med travail et med legale 10 61-70 Feb. 1952 French A diagnosis of asbestosis must depend upon a history of occupational exposure to asbestos dust associated with effects the respiratory organs A case is reported in which a woman had worked for 25 years weaving asbestos in a factory with heavy dust exposure The symptoms described are typical The authors compared this case with those of uncomplicated silicosis in the latter residual air is frequently increased expiration is prolonged and the maximum respiratory capacity is reduced but hyperpnea rapid breathing is not so intense and anoxemia is never so important during effort as in asbestosis These differences are stressed as important when necessity may arise in determining the occupational origin of a case with obscure diagnosis -- Cond from Bull Hyg Industrial Hygiene Digest M 21 May 1953 494 A Critical Review of the Chemical Theory of Silicosis Luise Holzapriel Beitr Silikose No. 15 1-19 1952 German 4 : pone | The solubility theory is first reviewed cannot be maintained in its and reasons are giver why it original form which says that silicosis is due to dissolved silica The main argument is that silicosis while the solubility of quartz drops in the requires years to develop Med course of days or weeks A modi- recenstolruebsiulilttys twhietohry is suggested by the author's published work and on her carbohydrates carbohydrate and silica could be From plant extracts a fraction containing isolated and experiments with Hood and showed specific adsorption of a galactose complex quartz The galactose adsorbed on quartz still reacts with hydrazine demonstrating that the does not take part in the reaction with aldehyde group chapter dealing with the quartz Next follows a very speculative structure of galactose complexes Collagen is paid to contain galactose there is no evidence on its structure The osa- Bone reaction can be used to demonstrate quartz in human silicotia well as to demonstrate galactose destions as Olustrations of this adsorption on quartz and a number of colored effect are shown Electron micrographs of sexpentime asbestos after disintegration in water are also shown - Cond from Buil Hyg 495 Considerations on Case of Progressive Massive Silicosis Following Past Limited Exposure M. Bodo and L. Briccarello Rass med indi 233-238 June 1952 Italian 21 r | describadi In the chemical The authors discuss a case of progressive massive silicals of the lungs which was seen by them in April 1951. The patient was a metrall work- er aged 28 who had been employed for 2 years only in 1939-40 Signs and symptoms of silicosis which at chiseling grindstones in November 1950. At the time of the are appeared said to be examination signs and symptoms were stationary deep and confluent Tuberculosis was absent rays showed a generalized shadow on the lungs except for clear areas which have been due to spontaneous pneumothorax or to localized emphysem may light of this case the authors question the statement that simple pneumoconiosis can be arrested by removing the patient from to progress varies with the exposure to dust The tendency individual tissue properties of the dust and the reactivity As in the case of hepatic cirrhosis he causative agent may start a chain reaction which does not cause has been removed . stop progressing after the ~~ Cond from Bill Hyg 196 Usefulness of the Photoroentgen Method in Silicosis gations of Workers E. Zanetti Rass med ind and 21 Asbestosis Inwesti130-132 12 12 A comparative study of several tens of thousands of films and photonoentgen roentgenograms has produced several interesting conclusions cerning investigations of silicosis and asbestosis among workers photoroentgen films were found to represent clearly massive silicasts Industrial Hygiene Digest - 22 or ? May 1953 1953 1953 asbestosis and nodular silicosis In silicosis which is culation identification an expert is more difficult but it is still represented by reti- The identification of mild or moderate possible asbestosis in the hands of difficult Only a great deal is still more : of experience which is integrated with a knowledge concentrations and exposures of the dust involved makes ligent interpretation of such films possible an intel- ' -- . . Biol Absts 497 Human Does Silicosis Affect the Silica Content of Blood G. G. Campen Z. physiol Chem Worth and aa Seyler's 288 155-164 1951 Germa half of The authors determined the silica content of blood of 264 persons whom were coal miners with various stages of silicosis denum blue technique The using the moly mean result for the whole group was 8.3 2.4 micrograms silica per ml of blood Neither sex different kinds of inflamma tory or other diseases nor silicosis caused any difference in the silica of the blood Tests were also made after ingestion of content Here a rapid rise of silica organic silicon compount content of blood and urine was found but the blood 9 silica had dropped to its normal value after hours ings ~ The bearing of these find on the silica solubility theory is discussed If the theory is to be main- tained it must be assumed that the amounts dissolved are too small be deme strated in the blood or that excretion through the kidneys is too rapidto E : # Sy y g pe ~~ Cond from Bull Hyg 498 Silicotic and Tuberculosilicotic Lesions Simulating Carcinoma F. G. Kergin & J. Thoracic Surg 24 545-567 Dec. 1952 so of ' The appearance of unilateral massive densities in the lungs eight chronic men between the ages of 49 and 69 with pneumonitis has been reported In each of these patients clinical and radiographic evidence suggested bronchiogenic carcinoma Five of the eight patients had strongly to containing dust in various prolonged exposure | & pneumonectomy one by lobectomy oacncdupoanteiobnysthFoirvaectpoamtyieanntds bwieorpesiterseawte edrbey= made The fundamental feature of the patients was pathological process in this group of complete or partial bronchial obstruction by pressure lymph of ninohdaelastiwohniocfh were the site of a chronic inflammatory reaction secondary to |= containing dust In five patients the chronic obstructive pneumonitis was specific and in three there was an added tuberculous infection It is suggested that this condition be called lympha- dentis with obstructive chronic silicotic lympha- pneumonitis nontuberculous or tuberculous The patients are all alive the six patients treated by excision have been relieved ' of their complaints ~~ Cond from J. Am Med Assn Industrial Hygiene Digest - 22 June 1953 arene, 601 Right Ventricular Hypertrophy in the Pneumoconiosis A. J. Thomas Brit Heart J. 13 1-9 of Coalminers 1951 A series of 50 hearts from cases of been dissected and the ventricular coalminers pneumoconiosis have tricle to weights recorded The ratio of left ven- is right ventricle RV ratio . shows a great reduction and a consistent relative increase in the there graphic study of 146 weight of the right ventricle A cardio- persons normal men miners and with all stages of miners and patients pneumoconiosis has shown that V6 changes most with in- creasing severity of lung disorder In the most V6 is diminished and the S wave is severe groups theR wave of increased in amplitude A suggestion is made that a lead from the third in interspace immediately above V2 the diagnosis of right ventricular may help mm or hypertrophy when it shows an r wave of more in height Certain effects of gram are described respiration on the electrocardio- on the particularly the respiratory variation of the chest leads right side This is presumed to be a ings suggest that the positional change but some find- mechanism of respiratory variation should be further investigated in relation to respiratory function ae ; . -- Author's summary Bull Hyg Favoring Phagocytosis 602 Factors Cells by Endothelial Inflammation Edna H. Tompkins and Mary A. Grillo 29 217-231 March 1953 Early in | Am J. Pathol _ The endothelial cells of subcutaneous tissues the called wandering cells represent active defenders in the first 12 hours of inflammation _ They become activated in traction excretion of fluid from preparation for phagocytosis by con- their fluid vacuoles and changes in the consistency of their cytoplasm Once | activated they are aided in making con- by the movements of the underlying muscles and of the infiltrating ameboid polymorphonuclear cells They carry the burden of val of the polymorphonuclear cells and phagocytosis before arri- 12 hours the they alone must phagocytose for about many invading substances that are not phagocytosible morphonuclear cells by the poly- | -- Authors summary 603 Dust Diseases G. Spencer 389-391 April 25 1953 Bull Allegheny Co. Med Soc 42 This brief paper gives advice to family physicians to whom ray cated Survey physicians do not attempt to differentiate merely reporting the findings as pneumoconiosis of the family physician to determine the dust diseases It is the responsibility to decide what should be done which of these diseases is present and After certain miliary tuberculosis carcinomatosis fungus diseases and siderosis due to the various organic disease are excluded pneumoconioses must be considered Anthracosis silicosis @ Industrial Hygiene Digest - 23 siderosis berylliosis asbestosis and cussed briefly in relation the organic dust diseases pational to diagnosis history is emphasized whether a man should be taken from 504 The Clinical Picture and Unfallmed u Pathology of Asbestosis W. Behrens Jr. Berufkrankh 45 129-140 June 15 Sept. 15 1952 German 1952 179-189 This paper presents an extensive review including distribution and dust hazards and effects of length centration Symptomatology stages of asbestosis are descridbiaegdnosis of asbestosis with which frequent carcinoma is much more than that of sili- whereas in 204 cases . The experience of the Lung Carcinoma Caused Med Monatsschr by Asbestos Inhalation Inhalation 7 77-81 1953 German F. Boemke in the lung and carcinoma dilection Characteristic thelium carcinoma is are discussed the fibrotic changes caused by asbestos deposits The lower lobe is the site of multicentered pre- developments of flat epi- -- Chem Absts . PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT + Carbon Dioxide and J. Respiratory Regulation at Appl Physiol 5 603-606 April 1953 Altitude F. Hall 1 1 ; Fourteen breathed Partial Fourteen Fourteen young men exposed exposed to a gas mixtures with simulated altitude of 22,000 feet pressures varying concentrations of carbon of oxygen and carbon dioxide The carbon dioxide in alveolar alveolar air were correlated Antimony and thyroxin effects poisoning in industry 355 356 Barbers disease Baritosis case 345 285 Arc welding see welding Beat disorders and staphylococcal infection 120 Arsenic trioxide exposure in industry Arsine poisoning fatal case from algae prevention Artificial respiration see resuscitation ) 809 39 1041 1042 . Benzene and homologues poisoning blood dyscrasias from factories - health of workers metabolism poisoning and erythromyelosis effect on platelets hematology 151 943 1170 . 268 1050 ' 269 710 Asbestos clinical and pathological study lung cancer from 284 605 Benzene hexachloride and DDT toxicity 381 poisoning 1053 toxicity 271,485,1175 Asbestosis case pathology studies miniature films 79 78,604 78,604 496 | Benzenemia Berylliosis summary of cases 823 357,930 Atmospheric pollution see air pollution Atmospheric turbulence measurement Atomic bomb casualties treatment effects on blood Aviation toxicology bk rev Bacteria and odor control problem Bagassosis 643 747 619 559 102 501 Beryllium determination fluorimetric spectrochemical granuloma treatment cortisone nonsurgical oxide poisoning poisoning experimental radioisotope distribution and retention toxicity and ACTH Best Years of Your Life bk rev 97 863 700 1160 1159 571 701 463 444 BAL therapy in lead poisoning therapy in thallium 361 poisoning 148,818,819 vs. citrate in lead poisoning 469 Blood changes in industrial disease picture effects of muscle training 67 741