Document n9dk8p7L98RnyeoNb88oz7X56

CCHFIDSmAl. TOi DR. J.W. BARRETT. D?HH/ta8 o.o. Or. J.A, Gardner. Dr. W.HoG. Morgan. Mr. W.I. Hamer Hr. O.G. Wickham Dr. H.R, Heuoan. Dr. D. 3. P, Roebuck. Mr. J.S. Hunter Hr* S.L. Piiton. Mr. H.G.H. Thomas. Hr. J.A. Brindie. 19th August 1955. AROCLORS TOXICOLOGICAL EXAMOfATIO Further to my memo of 9th August, I propose to summarise the present position on Aroclor vapour toxicity as an essential back ground to our policy and to our consideration of the Battelle proposal for a prograane of toxicologlo&l work. I have indicated In ay sumoary of the two reports by The Kettering Laboratory that prolonged exposure (7 hours a day for 150 days) to Aroolor 1254 vapourat 1,5 agrm./ir caused slight but positive signs of injury in test animal a and that similar experiments with Aroolor 1242 gave negative results at 1.9 agra./m-*, As I see it this positive result with 1254 would be construed by Public Health Authorities a an indictment of Aroolors as a class, and ths negative result with 1242 would not rank as a clearance for that particular chlorinated diphenyl. To upset ths one positive result with 1254 would require such more than a simple re-inv^stlgstloo, sinae it would be necessary to demonstrate - by an even more exhaustive and searching investigation that the lettering observations were mistaken. Even then, the work would probably not be deoieive until oonfirmed by an independent authority. During the near future, at any rate, our consideration of the suitability of Aroolors for specific applications must be governed bv. this finding that prolonged exposure to Aroclor vapour at 1.5 agrm./m can produce damage to ths liver and kidneys of test animals. In translating this finding to the human being it is the recognised practice to employ a safety factor of 10; in other words when the maximum, eafe concentrations for test animals has been located, the corresponding value for the human being is taken as one tenth of it. With 1254 we now know that 1.5 mgrm./W' is above the maximum permissible concentration for HONS 095215 TOWOLDMONOQ49083 * 3 -- b attained in a rooa in whioh a large area ia painted with irooloroontaining paint. Certainly we must say that these paints auet not be used on hot surfaces such as radiators and hot-water pipes. HONS 095217 TOWOLDMONOQ49085 -1 - l. Toncirr costs Dr, Kelly first outlined the various scheme* at toil city taste that H.C.C, arrange to have conducted on their product*. MinI nun ID*q tests cost 050-75. If th# product is liquid, dermal testa and oocular damage testa ere also carried out bringing the total coat to about 0200, Inhalation, saturated air at rooa temperature or volatsltsatlon froa a heated plate coat a further 075. Sub acute toxicity, one-tenth ID50 teat for 10 days would bring the whole total to *00. the 90 day teat, orally to two apeciea of rata and one of rabbito, together with 20-30 day inhalation teats coat *,000, If the products are to be used as food wraps for asst, etc., then extraction studies with lard and water with 2 years feeding to rats and 1 year to dogs cost a further *0,000, For foods such as bread, etc., this full test is not required although It can be called for by the appropriate State or federal Department, The Modi eel Department of H.C.C. in aliooated *0,000 for arranging the *00 tests,*0,000 for further teste if required and /5000 for any odd work. If tbs teats cost aore than *00 it is billsd back to the appropriate Division, . * It waa satinsted that it would cost M.C.C. son# *00,000 a year to carry out their own toxicity investigation* and con sequently the work ie faraed out to oooeultlng fine end cost* up to *0,000, In the light of these figures there la no justification for setting up toxicity facilities by K.C.C. Patch tests are not of very great value. 2, AflOOLOaS aLECTRIOU. The indications axe that there are no serious toxic hasarda in this application. The eleotrioal industry has never requested or permitted Arcelor vapour levels to be determined in their plants. Capacitor impregnation is always carried out in fan exhausted closed ovens. HQNS 095218 TOWOLDMONOQ49086 -2 - 3. iilOCLPBa - HEAT EICSABG8 There has beta som trouble la the use of Aroclor# es heat exchange fluid# but this la alwy# aasodated with poorly designed and leaking equipment. In one oaee three people suffered liver daaage In about a week's expo sure, but the vapour concentration must bare been exevasively high aa the equipment vaa full of leaks and was in a badly ventilated abed. Or. Benignus keeps a careful check on aalee of Aroclor and if tha replacement rate is high hi has the situation investigated. A. ABQC1DB3 AjjP PMOSmtJta - afl>hAEUC H.C.C. had little to add`to present publicbsd knowledge. They produce low ortho T.T.F. froa creaol containing 41 ortho creeol, for plasticisers and hydraulic applications, and high ortho oontant froa 30% ortho containing or*sol for use in petrol. Toxicity does not appear to be iaportant, they bate bad no trouble in the plant even with the high ortho aaterlal. Leaks in equip- avnt should be prevented and exhaust fans fitted if the equipaent deaande then. They have had do complaints regarding Fydreul F.9- Aroclor 1242 is elightly acre volatile than Aroclor 1248 and con sequently precautions will have to be sonewhat tighter. 5. ABOCLORB - LATH FAIMTS M.C.C. had firat considered that atyrena baaed paints could not ooapets on prloe or performance with the styrene butadiene paints. Also, having found that the vapour concentrations in a painted rooa were higher than the permitted level, they barred the use of Arcelor# 1242 and 1243 in Lustrex latex paints. The use of higher Aroclore with ether plasticisers had not bean considered. On tha basis of the ALC.L. results no danger should exist in rooas painted with Aroclor 1243 plasticised latex paints but no case could be presented in court for such paints,should it happen that seasons using the painted rooas contracted liver daaage froa mm other oause or injury, connected it with Aroclor and brought action against the Company. It is therefore a question of company policy whether to reoomaend Aroclor as Lustrex latex plasticiser in view of the riek of the above taking plaoaalthough this risk may be negligible* M.C.C. are running inhalation tests at 3 age. per cubic metre per 3 hour day on animals. it 7 age. per oubio metre MOWS 095219 TOWOLDMONOQ49087 -3- concentration. aniaals had suffered livar damage. k Halt of 1 mg. par eubio metre i* quite safe for plant* working on 8 hoar shifta. Ths wire covering industry has now changad completely froa chlorinatad naphthalanas to Arc dors on aooount of reduced tonicity. 6. SHDBOLa 7000 and 500 H.C.C. had haan soaawhat orar optialatlo about Skydrol 7000 in stating in ths Bollstin that it ia non- toxio as its laral is of tha ord#r of Skydrol 500. However, they had not rsaairsd any ooaplaint# regarding akin troubles ato. in tha cass of aithar fluid. TbS inhalation of tbs Ttpour or spray in a plana should eauss m> trouble ran if extended to tha tins required to bring tha plans to its landing paint. In tha case of prolongad inhalation it is no . verts than ninsrtl til. There should bt no nsossslty for ssfaty precautions in handling tha fluids if ordinary psraonal hygiaus ataaura a art adopted, gloves and barrier ertaas are of doubtful value. . 7. MiWW. MLtfEJUtt i Santloiser 141 is afa as a food wrapper plaatlolsar basad on tha taw year test. It is not absorbed nor aatabollaad, but it Is aors extractable than B.16. It would be toxio if adainiatarad Intravenously. The latter ia a safer material to use in food and neat trappara, it has bean fad to rats for 2 years at 20.000 p.p.s. of Hat without ill effect. Or. Kelly is however rather critical of this 2 year teat. Santiolaar .15 ia in tha me category me B.16. 0.0.P. haa not bean approved aa it ia nore easily sxtracted than 141. 8. PHSlifL assay The only data available is that publiahed by Oow. 9* Diphenyl is not perultted in the State* by the Food and Drug Conaltta* but nararthalasa it ia still sold thara for citrus fruit preservation and no complaint has yet been lodged. A MOMS 095.220 TOWOLDMONOQ49088 -4- oomprehsnsivs toiioity evaluation costing &jQ,jOO was initiated by the Ford Reneer Craft Board Institute but the standard a vara set too high and diphenyl failed the tests. A further #36,000 will ba apant on another evaluation in which tha Mtabollsa of tha chemical in dogs will ba atudiad. M.C.C. are subscribing #5t00Q. 10. METHIL SALICILATI Tha eaterlei ia not a highly toxic tubstance and no dlffioultiaa have arisen from ita uaa aa a food flavouring agent. However products containing over 5# should ba labelled 'Uaa other than as directed nay ba dangerous and tha product should be kept out of reach of childran to prevent accidental poisoning*. 11. SACCHARU An extensive investigation was carried out by tha Feed & Drugs Coaalttee soas two year* ago on a nuabar of sweetening agenta. Saccharin and Suoaryl vara'cleared without reservation. 12. A3P1R1I Aspirin can onus* poisoning in children under three years of aga due to their inability to aatabollta the compound. Under certain conditions they can accumulate tha aspirin in the aysten and elevation of teaperature instead of lowering, occurs, often with unfortunate results. labels should ba earksd *lfot for children under 3 years of age". u. sodium gtflgaa ixt aaais asib Dr, XeUy knew of no info nation on the toxicity of these aaterials other than the aaaaoth work put out by the U.3. Department of Agriculture in 1909 which gave the ooapreheneive results of throe independent investigations on the bensoetes and which gave a oonplete claaraaoo to thaaa substances. He suggested that adverse consents suggesting that the benso*tea vers not so harmless as first thought had been spread around by ooapetitors with potential new food preservatives. HONS 09S221 TOWOLDMONOQ49089 -6- 19. lannyihates Dr. felly will be ri si ting B*yr and will pa a a on an/ information ha acquires. According to I.C.I., 1.$ naphthylana dilaoeyanate is a strong aathaa produoar. 20. SAKT0C1L AID STTQg Early toxicity evaluations of Santoala with rata had given misiending raaulta. It la now raaaonably oertain that Santoal doaa opt oauaa alllooala In anlaala although it doaa causa aoaa dagraa of fibroaia and Irritation in tba lung*. Du Font now label thair product 'Caution - harmful dost" and X.C.C. uaa a aiailar phrase to tba affaot that tha aatarial should ba handled with car# and utara should not axpoaa themselves unneoesearily to tha duet. Although 3yton dot* not produce liliooeia, it has baan shown that It tanda to aggravate tuberculosis. Anisals who bars been givm a sublathal doaa of tubarouloais froa which tha/ would normally raoovar, dia whan subjected to doaa* of 3/ton spray. Bxteneiv* aaapllng tasta of tha air of nunaroua 0.3. factorial using S/ton, fallad to datact tha prawnoa of 3/ton. In India tha couUtioua in tha factorial arc vary favourable to tha formation of 3/ton duat and tba alii# should ba oautionad to taka greahr-car* in thair prooaasing and to supply thair workera with masks. 21. ABOCLORS U65 UP 5160 II AGRICULTURAL FOaMPLATIQBS. Thaaa Aroolora act as insaotiolda bonding aganta on tha laaf and iaoraaaa tha eotlvlty of tha preparations. Tba/ ara neatly chlorinatad tarphan/la and have graster toxicity than tha lower seabara. It is difficult to da aide whether there it any hasard in using thaaa ooapound* in graanhousa sprays aa tha condition* sa to quantity sprayed and tha aise of tha droplets la ao Indeterminate. Aerosol sprays giving fin* droplets will have a long suspension tin* In tha air. , . .WBB/ffiB 26 11 54 HONS 095223 TOWOLDMONOQ49091