Document n2aDzNdvpRa9oEQ8KYbgOdpX

Wosfe Disposal * Soil Pollution Desalination Noise * Conservation Leonard A. Eiserer Editor and Publisher I Weekly Worldwide Environmental Newsletter | Business Publishers, Inc., P. O. Box 1067, Blair Station, Silver Spring, Md. 20910, | Telephone 587-6300. Subscription Rate: $90 per year, $50 for six months. Quantity j and foreign rates on request. Vol< 8 No. 37_________________________ September 14, 1970 Page 367 SLANTS & TRENDS AUTO & OTHER INDUSTRIES SEEKING to weaken the tough air pollution control bill now being considered by Senate Public Works Committee may find effective ally7 in mid-October target date set last week by Senate leaders for adjournment. Schedule released by Senate Democratic Leader Mansfield, provides Sept, 21 date for floor consideration of air pollution legislation, with passage on Sept. 22. Staffers see no difficulty with this timetable, but there is wide skepticism that substantial differences with much weaker House-passed version can be worked out in conference by mid-October. Pressure of time and persistent industry lobbying could lead to relatively weak compromise. f::'\ ADJOURNMENT RUSH BEFORE ELECTION means none of President Nixon's new environmental measures will be enacted. However, his major reorganization of pollution control ag encies needs no affirmative action, should go into effect. Also, Muskie-spcnsored Resource Recovery Act, with new Federal commitment for solid waste recycling, will receive final Congressional approval after House-Senate conference modifications. NIXON'S PROPOSAL TO TAX LEAD additives in gasoline is considered dead. Administration witnesses received cool reception before House Ways and Means Committee last week (see page 369). AFL-CIO witnesses will add final touch this week when they tell com mittee chat tax route is not best way to attack pollution. Union will argue that sev eral thousand jobs would be lost by phasing out lead additives, that pollution should be fought head-on -- through regulation or Federal appropriations. *** SENATE COMMITTEE VOTES I-YEAR DELAY IN PROPOSED '75 CLEAN CAR DEADLINE Yielding to automobile industry insistence that a proposed 19 75 deadline for pro duction of non-polluting cars cannot be met, the Senate Public Works Committee on Sept. 10 voted 10-3 to accept a compromise allowing Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to grant a one-year delay in meeting the deadline. To get the one-year grace period, the auto industry would have to convince the HEW Secretary it cannot meet the 1975 deadline fixed in the air pollution measure that cleared Sen. Edmund S. Muskie!s (D.-Me.) Subcommittee on Air and Water Pollution on Aug. 20. The committee also wrote into the bill a judicial review process under which con sumer groups could challenge the delay or automobile firms could ask for such an ex tension if it were refused by HEW. The deadline for production of clean cars has been the major roadblock in bringing the bill to the Senate floor. The one-year extension was offered by Sen. John Sherman Cooper (R.-Ky.) on behalf of himself and Howard H. Baker (R.-Tenn.). Sens. Muskie, Thomas F. Eagleton (D.-Mo.), and J. Caleb Boggs (R.- Del.) voted against the provision. Lee A, Iacocca, Ford executive vice president, said the proposed 1975 emission standards were impossible to meet, could do "irreparable damage" to the national econ omy, and might halt all auto production in 1975. ir ' ________ _____ ______________ DSW 552400 Service for Subscribers: For further details on material appearing in A/'WPR, subscribers are invited to write ` The Editor, P. O. Box 1067, Blair Station, Siiver Spring, Maryland 20910. Prompt service given at no additional eosi. Deluxe, vinyl imprinted binders available at $3.00 each. '- STLCOPCB4090817 September 14. 1970 _____Hm/WHTE^ pollution report-______ Page 368 8 STATES, 3 CANADIAN PROVINCES URGE BROADER IJC ROLE, BUT REJECT ENFORCEMENT POWER . The International Joint Commission, established by Canada and the United States under the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909, should be given broader role to help combat air and water pollution in the Great Regions region, delegates from 8 states and 3 Canadian provinces declared in joint statement issued at end of two-day environmental conference in Toronto, Sept. 10. Signing the statement were representatives of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York, plus provinces of Quebec, Ontario, and Manitoba. The conference declined to adopt substantive air and water quality standards, but in calling for "a new sense of urgency on part of all jurisdictions involved to solve the pollution crisis of the Great Lakes," the joint action was seen as putting new pres sure on the states and provinces to intensify their anti-pollution programs. The conference proposed that a strengthened IJC, with the participation of the states and provinces, should intensify exchange of environmental information; review standards; recommend and promote uniform enforcement criteria; report on effectiveness of state and provincial measures; expand its geographic reach to embrace the entire Great Lakes system, not just boundary waters as of now. However, the 75 delegates rejected a suggestion for assigning enforcement powers to IJC, and also a proposal urging President Nixon and Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau to "meet immediately and make a new and total commitment to end pollution in the Great Lakes through increased funds and stepped-up enforcement." Ontario Prime Minister John P. Robarts, chairman and prime mover for the conference, expressed the prevailing view when he questioned the legality and desirability of transferring enforcement powers from states and provinces to IJC. kk& OLIN SPENDING $1.4-MILLION TO CUT MERCURY POLLUTION; ONLY 17 STATES REPORTED 'CLEAN' Olin Corporation will spend a total of $1.4-million by next June to reduce mercury discharges from its chlorine plant into the Niagara River, William A. Oppolu, vice president, testified in Federal Court, Buffalo, Sept. 8. He said company had already spent more than $200,000 for this purpose since last April. Oppold appeared before Judge 0. Henerdson, in the first mercury pollution lawsuit to go on trial in the U.S. Federal government is seeking an injunction against Olin to stop all mercury discharges. For status of the 10 mercury pollution cases cited by Justice Department, see A/WPR, Sept. 7, 1970, p.359. No Signs of Mercury in 17 States Reports to Washington from a special field task force established by Interior Sec retary Walter J. Hickel show mercury pollution to be far more widespread than originally expected when the lawsuits were entered in July. Evidence of unusual amounts of mercury in water, fish, and game birds has been found in 33 states, twice as many as reported two months ago. The 17 states with no evident mercury problems reported by the Interior task force are: Alaska, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Federal Water Quality Administration is shooting for elimination of all mercury discharges into waterways. Plants making "bona fide efforts" are being given three months to cut discharges to half a pound daily, and an additional three months to achieve an undetectable or zero level. The lawsuits instigated by Hickel in July have been widely criticized by industry and state officials as unnecessary and unfair public whipping of a few without adequate warning. Most of the cases are expected to be settled by consent decree. No additional suits are now planned, an Interior spokesman indicated. kk k VANIK PROPOSES NEW EXCISE TAX ON POLLUTING MOTOR VEHICLES Polluting motor vehicles would be subject to a 10% excise tax in 1972, 20% tax in 1974. and 25% tax thereafter, under amendment to the Administration's tax-on-lead proposal presented. Sept. 9, by Rep. Charles A. Vanik (D.-0.). Vehicles meeting Califomia's emission standards those years would be exempt. DSW 552401 STLCOPCB4090818 . September 14. 1970 _/y^/WATEil pollution report________________ Page 369 NIXON PROPOSAL FOR TAX ON LEAD IN GASOLINE ADDITIVES GETS COOL HEARING . Nixon Administration's proposal to tax the lead in gasoline both to fight air pol- --v lution and to raise "desperately" needed money won little if any support at hearing, \^J Sept, 9, by the House Ways and Means Committee. Proposed tax of $4.25 per pound of lead in gasoline additives would raise the price of leaded gas for consumers an estimated 2.3c per gallon. ' Treasury Secretary David M. Kennedy told the panel the lead tax would yield an estimated $1.1-billion this fiscal year, money badly needed to help reduce the expected large budget deficit. "Gasoline refiners use lead additives to obtain higher octane ratings at the lowest cost," Kennedy said. "Because of these additives, lead compounds are discharged into the air in the exhaust fumes. The presence of these compounds in the environment is dangerous...This tax will impose an economic penalty on the use of such additives, and will permit unleaded gasoline to be produced and marketed at a price competitive with leaded gasoline of similar octane." In response to committee question regarding possible harmful effects of the tax on Ethyl Corp., a major producer of lead additives, Kennedy asserted, "in the end, Ethyl Corp. will have to go out of the lead additive business because we're going to have to get the lead out of gasoline." " 200,000 Tons of Lead Emissions Annually Appearing with Kennedy, John G. Veneman, Undersecretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, and Russell E. Train, chairman of the Council on Environmental Quality, pre-. seated arguments that the proposed lead tax would contribute significantly to reducing pollution and health hazards from auto exhausts. Veneman said that lead emissions into the air have risen from 130,000 tons annually 10 years ago to about.200,000 tons currently, 95% of it from gasoline. Despite lack of clear proof that lead in the air has caused poisoning, he insisted there is ample con cern that present levels may not "provide an adequate safety margin." The evidence "is sufficient to suggest that failure to act now may result in serious health problems in years to come." He also pointed to lead's acknowledged ability to destroy effectiveness of devices being developed to control emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides. If lead additives are phased out gradually, he suggested, the increased cost to the average motorist can be held to about lq per gallon. Committee members showed open distaste for the lead tax in questioning Administra tion officials. Rep. A1 Ullman (D.-Ore.) doubted among other things that the tax would make leaded gasoline uneconomical to produce. He suggested the "gasoline companies would simply spread the increased cost from the tax over all their products." Rep. John C. Watts (D.-Ky.) made clear his opposition, stating that if the lead pollution problem is so serious, the Administration should propose a more stringent solution than a tax. AAA DEFEAT AT POLLS URGED FOR 12 CONGRESSMEN WHO FLUNK ENVIRONMENTAL TEST The first organized test of "environment" as a political issue has been launched by Environmental Action, the group that guided the nationwide Earth Day observance last April 22. Denis Hayes, national coordinator, named "a dirty dozen" Congressmen for de feat at the polls this fall based on poor voting records on environmental issues. The 12 targets of attack include Democrats George H. Fallon of Maryland and Byron G. R.ogers of Colorado, plus these 10 Republicans: E. Ross Adair (Ind.); William H. Ayres (Ohio); William 0. Cowger (Ky.); David W. Dennis (Ind.); John H. Kyi (la.); Earl F, Landgrebe (Ind.); Odin Langen (Minn.); Henry C. Schadeberg (Wis.); Larry Winn, Jr. (Kan.); Roger H. Zion (Ind.). . Tabbed as most influential in voting consistently against environmental and other social legislation is Chairman Fallon of the House Public Works Committee, called the "chief spokesman for the highway lobby." *a* DSW 552402 HEW HAS DESIGNATED interstate air quality control region for Charlotte, N.C., area to include Cabarrus, Catawba, Cleveland, Gaston, Iredell, Lincoln, Me'cklenburg, Rowan, "Stanly, Union Counties in N.C.; Chester, Lancaster, Union, York Counties in S.C. STLCOPCB4090819 r- e nrember 14. 1970 ^R/WATEEt pollution report- Page 370 federal judge clears way for cities, states to sue auto makers for proven damages In a.decision that could have multi-million dollar repercussions against the auto- . mobile industry, U.S. District Court Judge Manuel L. Real in Los Angeles ruled on Sept. 4 that cities, states, and other parties may bring triple-damage suits against automobile rcanufacturers for allegedly having conspired to prevent development and installation of ar.ti-smog devices. Ruling is the first to grant parties who were not targets of a busi ness conspiracy the fight to recover up to triple damages under Federal anti-trust laws. - While any individual, business or government unit can now sue under Federal anti trust laws, the plaintiff must prove there was a conspiracy and that losses resulted from it. Pending suits by 7 states, 6 cities', and private individuals developed from the anti-trust conspiracy suit filed in January 1969 by the Justice Department against General Motors, Chrysler, Ford, American Motors, and the Automobile Manufacturers Asso ciation. The Federal government later settled for a consent decree barring the companies from conspiring to delay the use of anti-pollution devices, but it made no finding of past guilt. State of California quickly initiated suit on its own and was joined by New York City and other governmental agencies. The states and cities had sought to block approval of the consent settlement so they could press their damage claims, but the court held they lacked standing to intervene in the Federal case. The individual suits were consolidated for joint pretrial proceedings before Judge Real. The auto companies moved for dismissal of these suits, claiming that never before have litigants been allowed to recover damages under the anti-trust laws unless there was a "commercial relationship" between the alleged conspirators and the c cnplain an t s. In upholding the rights of cities, counties, states, and individuals to seek un specified triple damages. Judge Real said suit could not be brought in the class name of all residents of the U.S. 'Of Great Public Significance1 Judge Real emphasized that the role of the auto exhaust in air pollution was not known until recently, and that until the Justice Department suit was filed, it was not recognized "that allegedly something could be done about it except for the conspiracy" alleged in the suits. "Plaintiffs may fail in their proof, but until then, they should be given the benefit of employing any available remedy to make good the wrong done." New York City's Corporation Counsel, J. Lee Rankin, saw the decision as of "great public significance. The importance... is that it squarely holds types of injury other than commercial losses are actionable in so-called private anti-trust suits. We are gratified that the court rejected what it called the 'traditional legalistic approach' urged by the defendants." New York City's suit, filed last March, asks in addition to damages, that all motor vehicles now operated in the state be recalled and refitted with pollution control equipment without cost to the owner. Same request is made in some of the other suits filed. ** * U PONT FILES CONSENT STIPULATION IN N.J. DRIVE TO CUT ODORS ALONG TURNPIKE r-> E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. has joined American Cyanamid Co. in agreeing to install more air pollution abatement equipment to help reduce malodorous emissions along northern stretches of the New Jersey Turnpike, Joseph T. Barber, Deputy Commis- sicner of the N.J. Department of Environmental Protection, announced Sept. 8. Du Pont's consent stipulation, following similar agreement filed by American Cyanamid (A/WPR, Sept. 7, 1970, p.360), leaves seven other industrial firms in the Tremley Point area still involved in the multiple legal action slated for department hearing Sept. 15 in Linden Municipal Hall. Du Pont agreed to a timetable for installing additional control equipment at its Grasselli Plant at Linden which it acquired from Grasselli Chemical Co. in 1928. Com pany agreed to: (1) install scrubbing system to control odors from operation involving amine chemicals; (2) route ventilator exhaust to a scrubber to control strong fish-like odor at storage facility; (3) shut down production of one of its inorganic operations, thus eliminating acid fumes; (4) install scrubbing system to reduce sulfuric acid "Lemissions. '. DSW 552403 STLCOPCB4090820 September 14, 1970 -----JUS/iVATEB pollution report. Page 371 FWQA ISSUES NEW FINDINGS ON PHOSPHATES, STILL WANTS COMPLETE REMOVAL FROM DETERGENTS Findings from new series of laboratory tests to determine percentage of phosphates . in brand name detergents were issued last week by Federal Water Quality Administration, supplementing earlier report released on May 1. List was expanded to include more pro ducts used in the American home, making it more useful for comparisons and as standard for the housewifec Results were obtained by commercial laboratory under contract from FWQA, which, Commissioner David D. Dominick reiterated, wants immediate reduction of phosphate levels in detergents to minimum practical levels, and complete replacement of phosphorus compounds in detergents as soon as possible. Results may differ from those published outside the Federal Government since differ ent, more accurate analytical method was used by FWQA, Dominick said. Method D-820 of American Society of Testing Materials was used in obtaining results below, and levels of phosphates are expressed as sodium tripoly phosphate (STPP) -- chemical form most widely used in detergent formulations. Pre-Soaks: Biz, 73.9%; Enzyme Brion, 71,4%; Amway Trizyme, 71.2%; Axion, 63.2%. Laundry Derergents: Blue Rain Drops, 63.2%; Salvo, 56.6%; Tide, 49.8%; Amway SA - 8, 49.3%; Coldwater Surf, 48,2%; Drive, 47.4%; Oxydol, 46.6%; Bold, 45.4%; Cold Water All (powder), 45,4%; Ajax Laundry, 44.6%; Cold Power, 44.6%; Punch, 44.2%; Dreft, 41.9%; Rinso with Chlorine Bleach, 41.0%; Gain, 39.5%; Duz, 38.3%; Bestline B-7, 38.0%; Bonus, 37.5%; Breeze, 37.2%; Cheer, 36.3%; Fab, 3478%; White King (with Borax), 34.7%; Royalite, 21.7%; Instant Fel Soap, 16.6%; Wisk (liquid), 14.2%; Par -Plus, 4.3%, Addit (liquid), 2,2%; Ivory Liquid, 1.9%; Lux Liquid, 1.9%; White King Soap, less than 1.0%; Cold Water All (liquid), less than 1.0%. Automatic Dishwasher Detergents: Amway, 60.0%; Cascade, 54.5%; All, 54.0%; Calgonite, 49,4%; Electrosol, 34.8%. Household Cleaners: Ajax all Purpose, 28.5%; Mr. Clean, 27.0%; Whistle, 3.1%; Pinesol, less than 1.0%. Miscellaneous: Snowy Bleach, 36.4%; Borateem, less than 1.0%; Downy, less than 1.0%; Amway Dish Drops, less than 1.0%. FWQA said that while phosphate contents are reported as percentage STPP, not all products contain STPP. *** WATER POLLUTION ADVISORY BOARD TO MEET IN NEWARK, SEPT. 15-16 Pollution of the Passaic River Basin will be principal subject of next meeting of President's Water Pollution Control Advisory Board scheduled for Newark, N.J., Sept, 15-16, The 9-member board will inspect the watershed area by air Sept. 15, and the next day will meet in public session with state officials, water pollution control experts, conservationists, and leading state and regional organizations to hear views on how to clean up the Passaic. Afternoon session. Sept. 16, will be open to public discussion at request of Gov. William T, Cahill. The board, headed by Carl L, Klein, Assistant Secretary of Interior for Water Quality and Research, includes three new members appointed by President Nixon on July 1: William D. Farr, Greeley, Colo., president of the American National Cattlemen's Asso ciation; Ray W. Ferguson, Ontario, Calif., member of California Water Commission; and Mrs. Samuel Rome, River Forest, 111., environmental quality chairman of League of Women Voters of Illinois. Other board members are: Dr. Melbourne R. Carriker, developer of a systematicsecology program at Marine Biology Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass.; Louis S. Clapper, chief of Conservation Education Division, National Wildlife Federation, Washington, D.C.; Dr. Wallace W. Harvey, Jr., medical practitioner, Manteo, N.C.; Ralph W. Kittle, vice president of International Paper Co., New York; Stuart M. Long, editor of Texas Water Report, Austin; Parker E. Miller, rancher and real estate developer in Florida. *** SINGER HEADS INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM IN JAPAN ON 'MAN'S INTERVENTION IN THE SEA' Dr. S. Fred Singer, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Interior for Scientific Programs, has been appointed chairman of an International Symposium entitled, "Man's Intervention - -in the Sea," to be held Sept. 14 in Tokyo, Japan. Symposium will discuss all aspects of marine pollution -- oil, pesticides, radioactivity, mercury-,, and lead DSW 552404 STLCOPCB4090821 September 14, 1970 _______ ___ pollution report______________________________ Page 372 REUSS SUES 4 WISCONSIN FIRMS FOR WATER POLLUTION UNDER 1899 REFUSE ACT Four- Wisconsin firms have been charged with violation of the 1899 Refuse Act which prohibits dumping of industrial refuse into navigable waterways or their tributaries without permit from U.S, Army Corps of Engineers, in Federal Court suits filed in Madison and Milwaukee by Rep. Henry. S. Reuss (D.-Wis.). Named in the actions were Moss-American, Inc,, Milwaukee, producers of preservative treated wood products; Peter Cooper Corp., Oak Creek, glue manufacturers; DuPont's Barksdale TNT plant; and Badger Army Ammunition Plant, Baraboo. Moss-American suit charged that firm has discharged "great quantities" of crude petroleum and creosote mixture as refuse into Little Menomonee River, which flows into Menomonee River and Lake Michigan. Peter Cooper Corp., which uses hides from tons of slaughtered animals in glue-making process, allegedly has discharged remaining waste material into Lake Michigan. Each of the four suits cites pollution occurring on more . than 20 separate instances during past five years, and asks for fines of from $500 to S2,500 for each violation as provided for in Refuse Act. While the Act stipulates that half the fines be paid to person or group providing information leading to conviction, Seuss said half of any amount recovered in present suits would be awarded to Federal government and the remainder, after deducting litigation costs, to the Wisconsin Depart ment of Natural Resources tc assist local governments in combating water pollution. The Justice Department was informed by Reuss last March that the firms were violat ing Refuse Act, but Justice guidelines indicated the action would "not be commenced." Guidelines for enforcement of the 1899 Act, issued in July, 1970, instructed U.S. attorneys to enforce the act "to punish or prevent significant discharges, which are either infrequent or accidental, but which are not of a continuing nature resulting from the ordinary operations of a manufacturing plant." Reuss then sent lists of 270 alleged polluters -- based on reports of Corps of Engineers and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources -- to U.S. attorneys in Wisconsin, asking that they use Refuse Act to .prose cute . The Refuse Act was rediscovered last March by the Subcommittee on Conservation and Natural Resources, chaired by P.euss. Othe-r Environmental Legal Actions U,S. Nav;/ has been charged by state of California with polluting San Diego harbor after aircraft carrier Ranger allegedly discharged oil and other foreign matter into San Diego Bay Aug. 14 in violation of Federal Water Pollution Control Act. Complaint, which seeks $5,000 for cleanup costs and $6,000 in civil penalties, states that other Navy ships have dumped oil in Los Angeles and Long Beach harbors. Airlines serving Boston were sued for air and noise pollution last week. Atty. Gen. Robert K. Quinn filed suit in Suffolk Superior Court to require Allegheny, American, Eastern, Mohawk, National, Northeast, Pan American, Trans World, United, and Air Canada airlines to install anti-pollution devices on aircraft immediately. Judge Joseph Ford gave airlines until Sept. 14 to show cause why restraining order should not be issued,.. On Sept. 9, city filed $10.2-million noise pollution suit in U.S. District Court against 19 airlines serving Logan International Airport, and the Massachusetts Port Authority. Mayor Kevin H. White said suit was to pay city the $4.5-million cost of soundproofing 15 East Boston schools near the airport. Remaining $5.7-million would reimburse city "for the taking of air rights over city property without compensation, the depreciation of the value of the schools and the land on which they are built, the limiting of further use of the land and rendering unfit for educational purposes of the schools in their present state," White explained. Florida Dept, of Commerce dropped $250-million suit against Shipping Developments Corp., owner of vessel Delian Apollon^ and Humble Oil - which chartered the vessel for oil spill damage in Tampa Bay allegedly resulting in damage to tourist economy and harming state's reputation as tourist center. No reason was given for dismissal of suit by Lt. Gov. Ray Osborne and his special counsel R. W. Payne, Jr. . Pirst conviction under 1967 St. Louis County air pollution ordinance regulating auto exhaust emissions resulted in $10 fine and $7.50 court costs levied on Gerald Akers .,_of Winchester, Mo., Sept. 2. Law prohibits visible air contaminants for more than 10 'consecutive seconds. DSW 552405 STLCOPCB4090822 .September 14, 1970.__________HIPl/WATEII pollution fepOll_____. Pa8e 373 FWQA FUNDING 16 PROJECTS TO DEMONSTRATE RECYCLING INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER SYSTEMS . Sixteen research and demonstration projects are currently.being conducted with $4,225,572 in grants awarded by Federal Water Quality Administration to find ways of end ' ing industrial pollution through closed recycling systems for wastes and water reuse, Interior Secretary Walter J. Hickel disclosed Sept. 10. Balance of $11,002,180 total research cost is being funded by industry. "Such closed systems hold the promise of an ultimate solution in that they would . abolish the discharge of polluted wastes to our waterways," Hickel said. "The nation's industries are the largest users of water and a major factor in the continuing rise of water pollution." FWQA estimates that by end of 1972 techniques will be available to remove 85% of industrial contaminants and to meet municipal pretreatment requirements for those muni cipalities that treat industrial wastes. By 1980, the techniques should be available to permit industry to remove 95% of impurities in wastes, Hickel indicated, and by 1985, "closed loop treatment systems or their equivalents could give many industries the capa city for ending water pollution." Hickel noted that industries withdraw over 17-trillion gallons of water annually from ground and surface sources but treat less than 5-trillion of this before discharges. Also, industry, which is currently using 50% of the nation's daily water requirements, is expected to be using 65% by 1989. "This makes the need for finding solutions to industrial water pollution critical," Hickel stated. "Conventional treatment technology is often inadequate for treating many industrial wastes, yet 55 new chemicals are devel oped each year by chemical and allied industries." Projects for Developing Closed Systems The 16 research projects, with FWQA grant amounts, aimed at developing closed sys tems are: Archer Daniels Midland Co,, Decatur, 111., $106,677, treatment facilities to break up oil emulsions in processing soybeans before discharge to municipal sewer system and ways cf recovering wash water. Beaton & Corbin Mfg, Co., Southington, Conn., $37,250, chemically treat and eliminate chromium, nickel, and metal ions, and reuse two-thirds of treated effluent for plating rinse water. Beet Sugar Development Foundation, Fort Collins, Colo., $102,000, concentrate sugar beet factory wastes by chemical precipita tion and reuse treated water in closed recirculation system. Blueside Real Estate, Inc., Kansas City, Mo., $110,950, demonstrate ability of pilot plant at St. Joseph, Mo., to remove and recover for reuse sulfide in tannery wastes. Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich., $509,810, reconditioning and reuse of organi cally contaminated brines. Fiber Industries, Inc., Charlotte, N.C., $350,000, reuse plant effluent and cooling water at Shelby, N.C., plant. Georgia-Kraft Co., Rome, Ga., $287,000, determine efficiency of cooling towers in both dissipating heat and recycling waste water. Green Bay Packaging, Inc., Green Bay, Wis., $757,033, test 720,000-gal./day closed loop system in pulp and paperboard produc tion. Interlake Steel Corp., Chicago, 111., $175,200, help provide treatment and total recirculation of 7.2-million gallons/day of blast furnace gas washer water. Johns-Manville Products Corp,, Manville, N.J., $82,350, develop closed water system to end discharge of phenolic wastes to Maumee River by Defiance, 0., plant. National Canners Association, Washington, D.C., $33,330, develop ways of preventing harmful growths in recirculated water at San Jose, Calif., canning plant; also NCA Research Foundation, $31,500, determine feasibility of reusing brine wastes resulting from olive packing at four locations in Central Valley area of California. S.B. Foot Tanning Co., Red Wing, Minn., $475,000, treat and reuse 2.1-million gallons/day of leather tannery waste discharges. . St. Regis Paper Co., at plant sites in Jacksonville & Pensacola, Fla., and West Nyack, N.Y., $878,472, develop maximum water reuse for kraft pulp and paper production. Volco Brass & Copper Co., Kenilworth, N.J., $124,000, to recover copper electroiytically and permit reuse of over 95% of waste water as process water. Winter Garden Citrus Products Cooperative, Winter Garden, Fla., $165,000, lime treatment and reuse of activated sludge effluent from treatment of citrus wastes. DSW 552406 STLCOPCB4090823 September 14,. 1970 AIQ/WAIEP1 pollution report---- Page 374 OWENS-ILLINOIS ESTABLISHES INITIAL PERMANENT GLASS COLLECTION STATION Owens-Illinois, Inc., paying Ann Arbor, Mich., residents a pound for clean glass containers, reports its "Glass'Bottle Recycle Station" brought in more than 8 tons its first full day of operation, Aug. 28. Success of two-day experimental collection program in June led 0-1 to set up the new station. The bottles are dumped into 10-ton metal containers which can be lifted hydraulically and trucked to O-I's glass container plant at Charlotte, Mich., for remelting to make new bottles and jars. . The Ann Arbor facility is an experiment to test economics and feasibility of per manent collection stations. Since its first public collection two years ago, 0-1 has collected almost 8-million old containers in its various public collection programs. *** ALCOA LAUNCHES ALUMINUM CAN RECYCLING PROGRAM IN CALIFORNIA & TEXAS Aluminum can reclamation and recycling program involving collection and return to rcllir.g mill for conversion into can sheet is being launched by Aluminum Company of America in San Diego County, Calif., Sept. 23, Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex., Oct. 21. Distributors, brewers, soft drink companies, major shopping centers will collect cans for delivery to secondary metal dealers. Collection campaigns, involving indivi duals and civic groups, will be organized, and 10 q a pound paid to collectors for the salvaged metal. At secondary metal dealers, prime collection points, scrap will be processed and shipped to Alcoa's Warrick, Ind., operation for resmelting and rolling into new stock for sale to container manufacturers. Aluminum scrap value is $200 a ton compared with $20 for steel and $15 for glass. AROUND THE STATES -- AIR *** MARYLAND: Baltimore -- Additional public hearings on adoption of emission control standards for Montgomery and Prince Georges Counties in the National Capital Interstate Air Quality Control Region have been announced for Sept. 25 at National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Md, Jean J. Schueneman, chief. Division of Air Quality Control, said the proposed regulations have been "improved substantially" since initial hearing last March and will cover particulates, sulfur dioxide, visible emissions, and odors. Proposed regulations would: (1) require installation of dust collectors with minimum 99% efficiency on all coal-burning installations with maximum rated input of over 200-million BTL'/hour; (2) prohibit use of all fuels containing more than 1% sulfur and require residual fuel oils to contain 0.5% or less sulfur by July 1977; (3) set particulate matter emission standards for fuel oil and coal burning installations. Fuels containing mere than allowable sulfur may be used, if desulfurization stack control equipment or ocher devices will produce equivalent results. NEW1 JERSEY: Trenton -- Diesel air pollution code for buses and trucks is expected to become part of state law before year-end, according to Richard J. Sullivan, state commissioner of environmental protection, who said recent public hearing presented nothing to change state's determination to regulate smoke from diesel exhausts. State plans to have trucks and buses inspected regularly at designated locations, blames 6% of pollution in N.J. metropolitan areas on diesels improperly maintained or operated, overloading, and use of low-quality fuels. NEW YORK: New York -- Charging that television commercials asserting that new gasolines are helping to reduce air pollution are "highly misleading," Jerome Kretchmer, city's Environmental Protection Administrator, has requested free rebuttal time from cutlets of the three major networks, under the FCC's "fairness doctrine," which holds that audiences must be informed of both sides of controversial issues of public impor tance. Kretchmer told WABC, WCBS, and WNBC that the commercials "fail to mention the health and environmental hazards associated with the use of the advertised product, while claiming that the product contributes to a reduction in air pollution." An earlier request for free time by Friends of the Earth was rejected by WNBC. FCC upheld that refusal, CALIFORNIA: Pasadena--AMercury Capri, powered by lead-free gasoline and entered by ^students from Wayne State University in Michigan, was declared over-all winner in cross country Clean Air Car Race, combining most efficient pollution control and performance. CO O 552407 STLCOPCB4090824 ' September 14. 1970 ____ AIQ/WATEEl pollution report--________ Page 375 . NEW FWQA MANUAL TO HELP STATES APPLY FOR MINE DRAINAGE DEMONSTRATION GRANTS . A manual to help states and interstate agencies prepare feasibility studies prepara- Otory to obtaining grants to demonstrate mine drainage pollution control methods was distributed last week by Federal Water Quality Administration. Manual was developed, with assistance of Cyrus Wm. Rice Division,. NUS Corp., to fulfill new provisions of Section 14 of Federal Water Pollution Control Act, which provides for projects to demon strate methods for eliminating or controlling acid or other mine water pollution from ' active or abandoned mines. FWQA Commissioner David D. Dominick explained that, "by having all applicants... prepare the data in a similar manner in the feasibility study, the FWQA will be able to judge which projects are the most promising without needing additional information and thus reduce costs and delays for all concerned." Copies of "Feasibility Study Manual -- Mine Water Pollution Control Demonstrations," will be available in 2-3 weeks from Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, at price to be determined. *** PUBLICATIONS & TECHNICAL LITERATURE Environmental Aspects of Mercury Usage, comprehensive index/bibliography with over 15,000 entries and listing more than 2,000 articles, has been compiled and published by Dow Chemical Co., with data accumulated worldwide from every known source by Dow research and technical personnel. Considered valuable tool for users of mercury, re searchers, medical profession, universities, government agencies. 940-pp. 3-vol. priced at $50, which represents cost of printing and mailing. Information on availability from Dow Ecology Council, c/o B.J. McNaught, 2020 Dow Center, Midland, Mich. 48640. Basic Water and Sewer Facilities Grants, issued by U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, outlines HUD assistance available to cities, towns, counties, Indian tribes, and public agencies planning to build new water or sewer systems, or enlarging or improving present systems. Grants to finance up to 50% of costs are available. Single copies may be obtained from Publications Services Center, (HUD-100-MD), Supplies and Facilities Management Branch, Room B-258, HUD, Washington, D.C. 20410. Report to the National Science Foundation and Department of Transportation, by American Society of Civil Engineers and Civil Engineering Dept, of Colorado State Universicy, presents program of research in detail for each mode of transportation, and states that failure to allocate some level of continuing support to research risks obsolescence or passes on to future generation responsibility for developing new knowl edge, Copies, at $3.00 each, are available from Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va. 22151. Order No. PB 193 388. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Index to Issues 1-18, available from Jack B. Pearce, coordinator, Theme B, PM Section, IBP, Sandy Hook Marine Laboratory, P.0. Box 428, Highlands, N.J. 07732. Comprehensive Studies of Solid Waste Management, prepared under PHS research grant ^ by University of California, represents "the first major effort to examine the solid waste problem from the standpoint of systems analysis," according to Richard D. Vaughan, director, PHS-Bureau of Solid Waste Management. "An overall solid waste generation and evaluation model was developed, demonstrating interrelationships between land use, technology, economics, population, and other system elements." 245-pp. Available as Public Health Service Publication No. 2039 @ $4.25, from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Solid Waste Management: Abstracts & Excerpts from the Literature (includes Vol. 1, June 1968 & Vol. 2, July 1969), prepared under PHS research grant by University of California. Major groupings include Management, Collection & Transport, Disposal, Salvage, Environmental & Public Health, Pollution, and Agricultural and Food Processing Wastes. 455-pp. Available as Public Health Service Publication No. 2038 @ $4.00, from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,.Washington, D.C. 20402. ' DSW 552408 STLCOPCB4090825 September, 14, 1970--AIR/WATER pollution report ____________ Page-376' SEWAGE & WATERWORKS CONTRACTS TOTALED $2.1-BILLION IN 1967, FWQA STUDY SHOWS Contracts awarded for sewage and waterworks construction throughout U.S. totaled S2,090-million in calendar year 1967, according to Federal Water Quality Administration's annual report, "Sewage and Water Works Construction, 1967," released last week. The total was 18% above the 1966 figure of $1,771-million and highest on record. On a con stant dollar basis (1957-59), the increase over 1966 was 13%. Contracts for waterworks totaled $1,045.3-million in 1967, up 28% over 1966; sewage treatment $597.3-million, up 8%; collecting sewers $447.5-million, up 12%. Report is based on data collected from examination of over 100,000 contract notifi cations in construction industry periodicals. Year-to-year cost figures are shown for the three types of public works construction, by population size groups, contract size, drainage basins, and states. Copies of 12-page report are available as FWQA Publication No. WP-15, Department of Interior, Federal Water Quality Administration, Washington, D.C. 20242. *** NEW PORTABLE WASTE STREAM SAMPLER OFFERED UNDER DOW LICENSE Continuous, constant volume sampling of waste waters and effluents from sources such as sewers, flumes, manholes, and lagoons can be provided by Model CVE Sampler, a portable device operating on a vacuum system invented by Mark E. Krienke of Dow Chemical Co. After four years of testing and development, Dow has licensed manufacturing and sales rights to Quality Control Equipment Co. of Des Moines, la. Sampling volume (10 to 40cc) is fully adjustable and constant, and sampling interval variable from seconds to days. Controls are compatible with flow meter or other external system signals. All components contacting sampled fluids are made of corrosion-proof plastics or me tabs :and. .opfi ona 1 feature provides automatic, pressurized blowdown of suction line so no old material can contaminate-current sample. Electric heater for winter use is also optional. . *** 14 FWQA GRANTS TOTAL $4.1-MILLION FOR $19.4-MILLION WASTE TREATMENT FACILITIES Federal Water Quality Administration last week awarded 14 construction grants total- ing $4,134,720 to help build $19,427,700 worth of waste treatment facilities. Grant Est. Total Cost Project Alaska: Homer................. $ 45,000 $ 170,000 Aerated stabilization pond California: Rio Linda Co. 45,800 155,200 Facility Improvements San J uan Capistrano 60,750 202,500 Interceptor Connecticut: Sprague............ 50,000 1,661,000 Secondary, force main, interceptor Kansas: Lyon County.. 33,000 112,000 Interceptor Mi chigan: Traverse City 425,000 8,600,000 Treatment plant & appurtenances Lincoln............ 142,000 285,000 Interceptor Ke;-: Jersey: Bergen County 21,799 76,700 Sludge & gas handling addition New York: Hagaman............ 86,340 305,000 Interceptor, force main Minoa................. 121,000 404,000 Plant addition, trickling filter Oklahoma: Bartlesville. 16,500 53,000 Interceptor Rhode Island: West Warick.. 1,940,000 3,900,000 Interceptor, plant additions Texas: Dalhart............ 78,000 260,000 Treatment plant, outfall sewer El Paso............ 1,070,280 3,243,300 Interceptor, plant improvements *** PEOPLE IN THE NEWS S W 552409 R.Pi. Allen, who joined Universal Oil Products Co. in 1965 as director of domestic and international marketing for its former subsidiary, Calumet & Hecla, has been named coordinator of UOP's Purzaust automotive exhaust control program. Allen will direct continued development testing and marketing of UOP's catalytic coverter systems which have demonstrated ability to remove up to 90% of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides from auto exhausts. William F. Kull, formerly vice president of projects for Chemical-.Construction Co. ^ in New York, has been appointed president of Envirotech Systems, Inc., a subsidiary of "Envirotech Corp., Palo Alto, Calif. , END STLCOPCB4090826