Document mq5mLXbzeO2rD666JkGxx1voO

UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION________________________________________ ______________________ ` Specialty Chemicals Division Sistersville, WV July 11, 1986 MEMO TO: A. Walker SUBJECT: W. A. Bagot Letter: Grafoil Gasket Usage Regarding your need for information regarding use of Grafoil gaskets to replace asbestos gaskets at the Sistersville location: * Grafoil is being used in selected applications. Such applications are being based on advice from Tech Center Engineering and experience at other locations (particularly Institute). Use of Grafoil, particularly on large gasket surface areas such as manways on glass lined vessels, is moderately increasing. * There is no wholesale effort to replace asbestos gaskets or packing at the Sistersville location. Other than special applications, there is no cost advantage for wholesale replacement. * Mr. Bagot's comments regarding safety implications and public confidence appear extreme to me. Concern with asbestos involves airborne free particles, not bound/coated/impregnated materials such as packing and gaskets. * Research by the Sistersville IH group regarding asbestos legislation advises: EPA does intend to stop the manufacture of asbestos products within the U.S. over the next several years. There is no intent to mandate the discontinuation of the use of these products as Mr. Bagot's letter infers. As new information develops. I'll let you know. WVS/jec 2088A UCC 016284 .UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION_______ Specialty Chemicals Division 0^ Sistersville, WV July 11, 1986 MEMO TO: A. Walker SUBJECT: W. A. Bagot Letter: Graphcrrl Gasket Usage 1'-- Regarding your need for information regarding use of G-tupliui"! gaskets to replace asbestos gaskets at the Sistersville location: * Graplioi 11 is being used in selected applications. Such applications are being based on advice from Tech Center Engineering and experience at other locations (particularly Institute). Use of CTapffefeL, particularly on large gasket surface areas such as manways on glass lined vessels, is . moderately increasing. 0&C'*~ /is&rsroS o' * There is no wholesale effort to replace g-arlock gasketr at the Sistersville location. Other than special applications, there is no cost advantage for wholesale replacement. * Mr. Bagot's comments regarding safety implications and public confidence appear extreme to me. concern with asbestos involves airborne free particles, not bound/coated/impregnated materials such as packing and gaskets. -*r Ay "Me 4S&570S /*j////rr/hx 2://<J**A*J ; PA boss sTy W* /p</9swfrtcruxf S&rSToS l*J/7VSs/0 'Mj? // S7k7 SWM/cyfSts; at ---------- w7 v"~sUMets-------- /IV jjMjJU'' ~70 rtS/lrJbATl* '-Uo '2>/SC4-l*T/rturtT'/*~+4 D WVS/jec( 2088A et? TWt'L? ri/tobucrS* /fs rf<su) **"**' -7- '// /A/ you Au-L0<-rf . t/ry UCC 016285 mJSs ERICAN PRODUCERS SUPPLY CO., INC. P O Bo* f>7.\ f)9 Socond . Morn'inj. O 4<-7''0 u)J5 uJe /)r A'focJz/jQ /U1#/ /t k<s- /U^<?<^7Zr-r /&^7jZ - ~o'r' uJ& A/oJj/JG ~7~c<jOfrfT>S ' / c_ A />htco CJd /2j^Pc/c /^hs b~je/zz> cy kJ&r(~<L nJ fict. C XhT7aaJs /r'j 5>&aj ~7ik/6't> - xhcc&c/c Co^r^ C#/0s> j'Xxe-jZ/F&c / ^5. ~77 Pf#//d '1^/bsoAj Foft-~~Ttf- (*&UT7 */J /S ^T<tCo/u( e aJJ>^T7o/0-^> TTSl ~TTcf4 /&T&- l//Ke-J Phone 614-373-4084 or 614-373-5050 Parkersburg 485-3610 ' 73> ypf/)Oce~^r^JLf UCC 016286 Warren Anderson has identified the critical issue facing the chemical industry as "public confidence in the safety and integrity of plants and processes". The Environmental Protection Agency has mandated the removal and discontinuation of asbestos use in all U.S. manufacturing facilities to be completed within ten years. It is important for Union Carbide to take a position of leadership in replacing asbestos sealants in all of our manufacturing facilities. The Specialties Products Group manufactures GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite for use in both compressive packing and gasketing applications throughout the chemical industry. GRAFOIL has established a lengthy track record of superior sealing and safety performance in the chemical industry. All major chemical and refining companies are today using GRAFOIL in an increasingly broad range of o/?.s and fluid sealing applications. Unfortunately, we have been advised by our own chemical plants that they will continue to use asbestos as long as it is available. This position is harmful to our efforts to expand the use of GRAFOIL throughout all fluid process industries; Union Carbide is trailing industry standards relative to asbestos replacement. Union Carbide's present position not to replace asbestos certainly cannot "improve public confidence in the safety and integrity of (our) plants and processes". Your support in rapidly replacing asbestos packing and gasketing with GRAFOIL fluid sealant products will certainly help to improve sealing performance in our chemical and gas production processes. It will also contribute to Union Carbide's leadership position in terms of public confidence in our commitment to plant and employee safety. Attached is a copy of the GRAFOIL Fluid Sealing Brochure. Please take a moment to review it. If your managers want to discuss an application or obtain a GRAFOIL sealing product, please have them call the GRAFOIL Sales and Technical Support offices at (800) 822-4322 or (216) 529-3900. Very truly yours, fi c/ J) of. J W.A. Bagot J. C c Vice President and General Manager ' Specialty Products Group 1986 Ho I jm GRAFOIL is a Registered Trademark of Union Carbide Corporation. UCC 016287 UCC 016288 UCC 016289 GRAFOIL -- A Tradition of Performance ' ore than 22 years ago, , Union Carbide introduced - GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite. It was the first fluid sealing product made exclusively from pure, natural graphite. GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite was created by a unique Union Carbide process. This special material exhibits outstanding fluid sealing characteristics that continue to solve the toughest gasketing and packing problems in industry. Like its forerunner, pyrolytic graphite, GRAFOIL Brand Flexible Graphite is resistant to heat, has no water of crystallization to lose, is naturally lubricious, chemically inert, and is an excellent conductor of heat. Unlike manufactured pyrolytic graphite, GRAFOIL material is flexible, compactible, conformable and resilient. GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite can be made into an infinite variety of shapes to fit virtually any fluid sealing application. Once in place, GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite molds into challenging spaces to fill irregularities and create a superior seal. And it maintains that seal even in harsh environments ranging from cryogenic to superheated; even when exposed to corrosive fluids and gasses. The first commercially available products were GRAFOIL RibbonPack and Adhesive Backed Tapes. These products gave plant engineers a superior, packing and gasketing material they could easily adapt to solve a range of sealing problems. As the need for more specific sealing solutions became clear, Union Carbide Research and Development engineers responded with new products. The extent of that response for more than two decades is reflected in the wide range of sealing products in the current GRAFOIL line. There are a variety of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite gasketing, packing, adhesive backed tape, ribbon, roll, sheet, laminate, and injectable products available in a variety of grades designed to meet virtually every industrial fluid sealing need. Today, a combination of events continues to increase the demand for GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite products. Technological advances in fluid processing are creating sealing needs that can best be met with GRAFOIL gaskets and packings. Increased labor costs have made frequent repacking uneconomical. Product safety of asbestos packing and gasketing materials has increasingly come into question. Meanwhile, the cost of GRAFOIL Brand Flexible Graphite products has steadily decreased over the years. To fill these expanding needs, Union Carbide R&D engineers are constantly working on new products and production techniques. Our latest advances include new grades of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite with even greater corrosion and oxidation resistance, and the ability to fabricate GRAFOIL laminates with virtually any metal, as well as a wide variety of other materials. Since pioneering the development of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite, Union Carbide has been committed to finding new ways to make this unique product work for fluid processing industries. As time and technology create new problems, Union Carbide will continue to provide users of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite with the ultimate control in fluid sealing products. UCC 016290 i i 2 GRAFOIL For Maximum Sealabiiity he key to the success of ` GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite is its ability to create and maintain superior seals under conditions ranging from the ordinary to the most demanding. The effectiveness of those seals is a direct result of the inherent qualities of graphite enhanced by the unique Union Carbide process that transforms it into GRAFOIL Brand Flexible Graphite. An important example of the flexibility of GRAFOIL fluid sealing materials is seen in the ease with which they conform to challenging spaces while maintaining their superior resilience. Pits, gouges, and even microscopic irregularities are filled under only moderate bolt loads to create leak-tight seals reducing the need for costly surface finishing. Gasket creep relaxation -- defined as the continued plastic flow of a sealing material with resultant loss of load -- is a common problem with other gasketing materials. Not so with gaskets made of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite. While maintaining an effective seal, the GRAFOIL material exhibits virtually no gasket creep relaxation. As a result, the need for periodic bolt tightening is greatly reduced. For dynamic applications such as valve and pump packings, GRAFOIL packings compress to fill available stuffing box space and form leak-free rings. An installed column of GRAFOIL Packing Rings has no open spaces or interstices for leak path development often found in conventional braided packing sets. In addition, the integrity of the seal is further enhanced by the inherent resilience of GRAFOIL sealants which remain unchanged by time, temperature, or a wide variety of industrial chemicals. This special combination of properties enables GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite to create superior seals for applications ranging from precision pipe threads to large valves and flanges. Extends Equipment Life Since GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite is made of natural graphite, it maintains its lubricity in even the most severe applications. The inherent lubricity of graphite is a result of its crystalline structure. Very thin, flat crystals are arranged in a regular pattern and in such a way that they slide easily against each other. This lubricating characteristic enables GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite to preserve vital sealing surfaces. Other sealing materials rely on added lubricants that leach or squeeze out in service, causing the packings to harden, become brittle, damage the sealing surfaces of pumps, valves, and flanges. GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite has such a low coefficient of friction that it is classified as a solid lubricant. Properly installed, this superior packing product virtually eliminates abrasion or mechanical wear of valve stems and pump shafts. The generation of heat produced by a high-speed centrifugal pump is also kept to a minimum, preserving the life of the shaft. Gaskets and packings made from GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite are superior conductors of heat. GRAFOIL packing is up to forty times more effective in carrying damaging heat away from rotating shafts than other packing materials. This thermal conductivity is direction-dependent and can be used to conduct frictional and process heat away from the heat source, contributing to increased equipment life. GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite also protects flange surfaces. Rapid heat transfer to a gasket's outer edge guards against hot spots that typically cause damage. The thermal conductivity of a GRAFOIL gasket is markedly higher than that exhibited by a gasket made of elastomeric bonded materials. In addition, the GRAFOIL material does not vulcanize. Residual material is easily removed without damaging flange faces. UCC 016291 UCC 016292 UCC 016293 Reducing Operating Costs Through Increased Uptime ; arly in its development, i GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite i was considered too costly for all but the most challenging fluid sealing problems. That has changed. The actual cost of GRAFOIL sealing products has been reduced through the use of advanced production techniques. Initial price, however, is only one factor when determining the value of sealing materials. Because most conventional sealing products have properties that limit their use, they fail prematurely in hostile environments. Asbestos rapidly loses its water of crystallization as temperature increases. Nearly all braided packings (asbestos, fiberglass, aramids, etc.) lose the added lubricant necessary to maintain their flexibility. They dry out, harden, and become abrasive, causing damage to a valve stem, pump shaft, or other contacted surfaces. Abrasion of sealed surfaces can be hastened when fluid handling equipment is insulated, preventing heat from escaping and increasing interior thermal stress. GRAFOIL packings and gaskets have no added lubricants, binders or filler materials to leach out. Therefore seals created with GRAFOIL last almost indefinitely in virtually any fluid sealing application. Because packings and gaskets made with GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite fill so many fluid sealing needs, the cost of maintaining a large inventory of different materials is greatly reduced. Additionally, the natural lubricity and resilience of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite also contribute to cost savings by giving these materials an infinite shelf life. Since graphite is highly resistant to thermal shock, even extreme temperatures do not present a problem to GRAFOIL products. Gaskets and packings remain resilient and flexible in neutral or reducing atmospheres ranging from -400F to well over + 3000F Effective sealing charac teristics are maintained, preventing the loss of costly process fluids. These superior sealing characteristics result in further savings by minimizing the number of gland or flange adjustments required during the long service life of GRAFOIL gaskets and packings. One Material Shaped To Your Fluid Sealing Needs RAFOIL Flexible Graphite can be calendered, corrugated, wrapped, injected or molded into a complete range of shapes and densities to fit virtually any fluid sealing need. Union Carbide engineers have taken advantage of the exceptional flexibility inherent in this unique product to create an impressive selection of preformed gasketing and packing products. In addition, GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite is available in a variety of sheet, self-adhering tapes, and RibbonPack products that may be customized by Union Carbide, by authorized manufacturing distributors of GRAFOIL fluid sealing products, or even by your own maintenance engineers. This flexibility, combined with the unique sealing characteristics of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite, has made it the product of choice in virtually every industry with fluid sealing needs. In both packing and gasketing appli cations it has become the specified material in such critical areas as nuclear steam generation,chemical production, cryogenics and petroleum refining. UCC 016294 Enhanced Plant Safety f ecent revelations about the f * health hazards of asbestos and v the increasing strains placed on gaskets and packings by modern technology have made safety a prime consideration when selecting material. Because of its special charac teristics, GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite has long been considered one of the safest materials for nearly all fluid sealing applications. Its proven ability to maintain a tight seal in the harshest environments greatly reduces the chance of exposing workers to toxic or super-heated fluids. In addition, GRAFOIL sealing products have been proven fire-safe in the presence of highly volatile fluids and extremely high temperatures. And, unlike asbestos, GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite poses no inherent threat to the safety of workers. Because it remains stable under exposure to hazardous nuclear radia tion, gaskets and packings made from GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite have been accepted for use in the primary steam loop of nuclear power plants. Premium (nuclear) grades of GRAFOIL fluid sealants are certified to meet the most demanding specifications in today's nuclear powered steam plants. GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite -- Backed By A Commitment r hen Union Carbide introduced GRAFOIL k Flexible Graphite over twenty years ago, we made a commitment to fluid sealing. That commitment continues today and is evident in three areas: product development, product quality, and customer service. Union Carbide Research and Development engineers have steadily expanded and improved the product line since it was introduced. Today, there is a grade and configuration of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite to meet almost any fluid sealing requirement. And new products are being developed by our Advanced Technology Group to meet tomorrow's critical needs. The knowledge that comes with experience is available to GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite customers through qualified Customer Service Engineers. Whatever the sealing problem, they are on call nationwide to make application recommendations providing solutions to fluid sealing problems. Quality, technology, and service are the foundation of Union Carbide's commitment to both the GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite product line and to the customers it serves. UCC 016295 UCC 016296 A GRAFOIL Fluid Sealing Product Designed To Meet Your Needs. f ver twenty years of product ; i development have resulted V in a selection of GRAFOIL products that cover the spectrum of fluid sealing applications. The following is a brief description of some of those products. Sheet and Roll Products For the ultimate in custom gaskets, GRAFOIL Flexible Sheets give maintenance engineers the ability to design and shape gaskets to fit virtually any need. Because of its flexibility, GRAFOIL sheet can be cut and bonded into almost any shape. It provides greater on-site design latitude, reduces gasket inventories, and minimizes installation downtime. In addition to being a source for custom gaskets, GRAFOIL sheet is the basic material from which all other GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite products are fabricated. Four distinct grades have been developed to cover virtually every industrial need. Grade GTB exhibits all of the superior fluid sealing characteristics associated with GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite. It is the grade used in most standard industrial applications. Grade GTA is a premium grade developed for use in nuclear applications. It is certified to meet the most rigorous purity specifications of the nuclear industry, including General Electric SIL 393 (D50YP12). Two grades of corrosion and oxidation resistant GRAFOIL sheet are available: Grade GTK is recommended for most industrial applications and Grade GTJ is designed for the stringent requirements of the nuclear industry. A special Union Carbide process introduces a non-metallic, inorganic passivating inhibitor into the manufacturing process. GRAFOIL sheet made by this process is uniformly corrosion inhibiting and oxidation resis tant. It reduces stainless steel pitting and is more resistant to oxidation at elevated temperatures. , UCC 016297 8 Standard GRAFOIL' Flexible Graphite monolithic sheets are available in thicknesses ranging from 0.005" to 0.030", in widths up to 39.4 inches (one meter), and in roll lengths up to 324 feet. Sheet and rolls can be provided with adhesive backing in the same sizes as monolithic GRAFOIL'' Flexible Graphite. Laminates Union Carbide engineers have developed a wide range of GRAFOIL' laminates that fill the gasketing needs for all types of industrial applications. These laminates consist of two types. Laminates constructed exclusively of layers of GRAFOIL" sheet are made to virtually any desired thickness. These laminates are easy to cut by hand and are ideal where enhanced heat dissipation is a requirement. When extra rigidity and tensile strength are required, GRAFOIL" sheet is laminated with a variety of metals to provide additional mechanical strength and handling ease. Gaskets GRAFOIL" Gaskets manufactured from sheet or roll products will compact under only moderate bolt loads to fill even microscopic irregularities in nearly every fluid sealing application. Small surface irregularities are more easily filled under lighter bolt loads, thus reducing the need for costly surface refimshing. Since there is negligible cold flow or creep, the need for periodic precision bolt tightening is significantly reduced. A wide range of gasket thicknesses can be produced by laminating several layers of GRAFOIL' Flexible Graphite sheet to meet specific application needs. Adhesive backed gaskets are also available. GRAFOIL1'" Universal Crinkle Gasket Tape can be used on the job site to form gaskets as small as three inches in diameter. For large applications over eighteen inches in diameter, GRAFOIL" Plain Tape is available. Both are also ideal for emergency repair of leaking flanges. And they reduce inventory costs by eliminating the need to stock a large assortment of cut gaskets. UCC 016298 GRAFOIL Thread Sealant Tape is completely flexible, snugs easily into intimate contact with pipe threads and produces a leak-tight, temperature stable joint. GRAFOIL Tape retains resilience and sealing characteristics during temperature cycling. Joints sealed with it can often be remade many times without retaping. GRAFOIL Premium Grade Sealant Tape for nuclear applications is certified to contain less than 100 ppm leachable I chlorides. For applications where exceptional compressive load carrying ability and improved handleability are required, GRAFOIL Reinforced Gaskets are I designed to withstand the high pressures found in industrial appli cations. These laminates combine multiple layers of GRAFOIL Sheet with inserts of stainless steel, aluminum, carbon steel, or stainless steel mesh. GRAFOIL Boiler Water Level Gauge Gaskets are field-proven to deliver long life and leak-free performance. They remain resilient after thermal cycling at boiler tem peratures, exhibiting no hardening or decomposition from age or exposure to steam. The thermal and physical characteristics of GRAFOIL Gaskets virtually eliminate glass cracking and oU uuuu offer leak-free performance. Spiral-wound and heat exchanger gaskets made with GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite have exhibited significant sealing superiority over asbestos, mica paper and other filler materials used in critical fluid sealing applications. GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite has been approved to meet API 601 and other API valve standards. It also provides exceptional sealing performance when fabricated into a wide variety of shapes for heat exchanger gasketing applications. The natural resilience of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite ensures leak-tight performance while affording an environmentally safe alternative to asbestos. UCC 016299 Packings Ribbon-Pack made from corrugated GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite is a versatile product with universal application. It is designed to provide the user with the flexibility to form all graphite endless rings for any size pump or valve stuffing box. With GRAFOIL Ribbon-Pack, leak-tight stuffing box seals can be achieved in place, significantly reducing production downtime. Because of its application flexibility, large inventories of packing products in varying sizes and shapes can be substantially reduced. Once installed the natural lubricity and resilience of GRAFOIL RibbonPack reduces the need for periodic repacking. The only service that may be required is the simple task of adding another section of GRAFOIL Ribbon-Pack. Fabricated from Ribbon-Pack, GRAFOIL Die Molded Packing Rings are predensified for ease of installation. They are precision sized to fit the dimension tolerances of valve and pump stuffing boxes and require minimum run-in. GRAFOIL Die Molded Rings create leak-tight seals with only V3 to V2 of the gland pressure required by other packings. Their inherent natural lubricity results in long term sealing performance that is far superior to that achieved with conventional braided packings. GRAFOIL Laminated Packing Rings are fabricated from GRAFOIL Laminated Sheets. Installed, the laminated layers of each ring are perpendicular to the stem or shaft and take full advantage of the directiondependent thermal conductivity of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite. This product significantly increases stem life in valves and shaft life in pumps used where heat dissipation is critical. For nuclear applications, GRAFOIL high purity Laminated Packing Rings are subjected to a unique high temperature process that ensures a teachable chloride content of less than 50 parts per million. Because UCC 016300 11 of their excellent resistance to nuclear radiation, long life, and leak-free performance, GRAFOIL Laminated Packing Rings have been selected as the viable replacement for all asbestos packing in nuclear fueled steam generating plants. GRAFOIL Injectable Packing is an exclusive sealant product comprised of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite and a proprietary carrier. When injected into the stuffing box of a pump, valve, expansion joint, etc., it forms a mechanical packing that fills all crevices and creates a superior seal. Because of its resistance to heat and corrosion, the GRAFOIL Injectable Packing provides an effective seal for long periods of time, and out performs conventional fillers in high temperature applications. GRAFOIL Brand Gasketing and Packing Products GRAFOIL Gasketing and Packing Products are fabricated from pure graphite. They do not contain binders or fillers which limit the performance and application range of most other sealing products. In some cases, GRAFOIL Gasketing and Packing are the only materials which have withstood severe service demands. The Quick Reference Grade Guide describes the wide range of GRAFOIL Flexible Graphite Grades available to meet virtually any fluid sealing need. GRAFOIL Brand Flexible Graphite GRAFOIL Brand Flexible Graphite has all the characteristics needed for long life performance, even under the most severe conditions. The product is in a class by itself when considering thermal stability and thermal conductivity. Its flexibility permits easy fabrication and application; conformability and resilience contribute to permanent, leak-free sealing. TypicalGRAFOIL properties are described on the following page. uCC 016301 `Ml fa'll *= - < ' ' -* ' ' * ' * < * * ' ' ' -' ' = ................... ''> r - '" " - - ' .'d .* .iui.-M Ktt,,.. .- a ........ >' , - : >^.... ;>*'- *-r t; GRAFOIL* FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE QUICK REFERENCE GRADE GUIDE GRADES DESCRIPTION GRADES DESCRIPTION MONOLITHIC SHEET AND ROLL METAL REINFORCED GRAFOIL* LAMINATES (cont.) GTA Premium (Nuclear) Grade 99.5% graphite minimum. 50 GHG Uncured laminate with flat low carbon steel insert (.002" PPM leachable chloride maximum. No binders or resins. thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet. Adhesive bond. GTJ Grade GTA based sheet, with an inorganic passivating inhibitor for corrosion and oxidation resistance. No binders GHQ Uncured laminate with flat aluminum insert (.005" thick). or resins. Made from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet. Adhesive bond. GTB Standard Industrial Grade. 95.0% graphite minimum. 100 PPM teachable chloride maximum. No binders or resins. GRAFOIL* RIBBON-PACK GTK Grade GTB based sheet with an inorganic passivating GTR Slit and corrugated from Premium (Nuclear) Grade GTA inhibitor for corrosion and oxidation resistance. No binders sheet. Certified to contain less than 50 PPM teachable or resins. chlorides. ALL GRAFOIL* LAMINATES GTJ Slit and corrugated from Premium (Nuclear) corrosion and GHA Cured laminate sheet made from Premium (Nuclear) oxidation inhibiting Grade GTJ sheet. Certified to contain less than 50 PPM Teachable chlorides. Grade GTA sheet. Adhesive is carbonized and degassed. GHB Cured laminate sheet made from Standard Industrial GTZ Slit and corrugated from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet. 100 PPM teachable chloride maximum. Grade GTB sheet. Adhesive is carbonized and degassed. GTK Slit and corrugated from Standard Industrial corrosion and GHL Uncured laminate made from Standard Industrial Grade oxidation inhibiting Grade GTK sheet. 100 PPM teachable GTB sheet. Adhesive bond. chloride maximum. METAL REINFORCED GRAFOIL* LAMINATES GRAFOIL* ADHESIVE BACKED SHEET, GHE 316 stainless steel tang inserted laminate. Standard GASKET AND THREAD SEALANT TAPE Industrial Grade GTB sheets mechanically bonded to tang GTF Fabricated from Premium (Nuclear) Grade GTA sheet. sheet insert. 100 PPM teachable chloride maximum. GHR Uncured laminate with flat 316 stainless steel insert (.002" thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet. Adhesive bond. GTH Fabricated from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet. GHS Uncured laminate with stainless steel wire mesh screen insert (24 wire/inch: .0075" thick). Made from Standard Industrial Grade GTB sheet. Adhesive bond TYPICAL GRAFOIL* PROPERTIES PROPERTIES ENGLISH TYPICAL MATERIAL PROPERTIES Density Leachable Chloride ContentMaximum Industrial Grades Premium (Nuclear) Grades Carbon Content-Minimum Industrial Grades Premium (Nuclear) Grades Compressibility (ASTM F-36) Recovery (ASTM F-36) Creep Relaxation (ASTM F-38) Sealability (ASTM F-37) 70lb/ft3 100 ppm 50 ppm 95.0% 99.5% 40% 20% 5% 0.5 ml/hr METRIC l.lgm/cc TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Tensile Strength Along Length & Width Coefficient of Friction against Steel @ 4 psi (.03 MPa) @ 8 psi (.07 MPa) @ 12 psi (.08 MPa) 750 psi .018 .052 .157 5.2 MPa > PROPERTIES ENGLISH METRIC TYPICAL THERMAL PROPERTIES Functional/Temperature Range Neutral or Reducing Atmosphere ' Oxidizing Atmosphere Standard Grades Oxidation Resistant Grades Thermal Conductivity Along Length & Width Through Thickness -400 to 5400 F -200 to 3000 C -400 to 850 F* -200 to 450 C* -400 to 975 F* -200 to 525 C* 960BTU-in/ft* H 0 F SBBTU-in/tf-H * F 140W/M*K 5W/M-K `The fluid temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere may considerably exceed the indicated temperature without oxidation of the GRAFOIL* providing that the bulk temperature of the GRAFOIL* gasket is below these temperatures or that the fluid being handled does not come into direct contact with the graphite. EXAMPLE: a metal spiral-wound gasket with a GRAFOIL* filler material. * 'NUCLEAR RADIATION RESISTANCE EXPOSURE LEVELS RESULTS + 5.5X102' NVT @ 1000 C 1.5 X109 RADS Gamma Radiation (1.5X10" ERGS/GRAM) No Apparent Effect No Apparent Effect ` * Source: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (1978) t Integrated Neutron Flux: N - Neutrons Per CC, V - cm/sec., T - Seconds .111 mtmtilT ,r #&<**&* -a,. . UCC 016302 We welcome your inquiries and ' invite you to discuss your fluid sealing needs and problems with us or any authorized manufacturing distributor of GRAFOIL'; fluid sealing products. Applications specialists will be happy to provide you with whatever assistance you need to help lower your operating costs and give you the performance you demand. Write or call today for complete information. UNION UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION CARBIDE ELECTRONICS DIVISION Specialty Products Group P.O. Box 94637, Cleveland, OH 44101 Telephone (800) 822-4322 or (216) 529-3900 TELEX: 810-421-0047 CANADA: UNION CARBIDE CANADA LIMITED, 6300 Northam Drive, Mississauga, Ontario L4V1H7 Telephone (416) 678-6660 /' / GRAFOIL' is a registered trademark of Union Carbide Corporation. U.S. Patent No. 4,068,853. UCC 016303 SP 10 20M31 Printed in U S