Document mpgR0pDXMMKXJbyBVoBe9dL2k
Hazards of the trade
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Working can be hazardous to your health. This is
growing especially true in the plastics industry. The
recent discovery of a rare liver cancer among sev
eral workers at a vinyl chloride plant in Kentucky is
ominous. Five of those workers died and two more
cases have been diagnosed among workers in two
other plants that manufacture vinyl chloride, a gas
used in making plastic products. Until now, the dis
ease was so rare that the national average was only
21 cases a year. Doctors wonder how many more
deaths, attributed to other causes, may actually have
been caused by this disease.
Plants that manufacture or use vinyl chloride are
being checked for statistics, but those figures al
ready available indicate occupational health and safe
ty work is lagging behind industrial progress. The
federal Occupational Safety and Health Adminis
tration (OSHA) has been in existence only since
1970. And its research agency, the National Institute
for Occupational Health and Safety, has what seems
an impossible task of setting adequate standards. Ev
ery year more than 400 new chemicals are in
troduced, yet the institute has only enough money
and manpower to develop a single standard a year
for safe exposure to industrial hazards. And those
standards, in order to be effective, must be reeval
uated constantly, especially in the plastics industry
in which worker mortality statistics have com
paratively few years from which to draw.
! The liver cancer deaths bear this out dramatically.
i The maximum exposure standard that the agency
5 set for vinyl chloride was 10 times more liberal than
i that adhered to voluntarily by most of the industry.
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The official standard in that instance was changed
on a temporary emergency basis after the chemical
i became suspect as a cancer cause. But it shows how
i standards may vary among plants using dangerous
chemicals.
In addition to the backlog of research on new in
dustrial compounds, enforced protection of workers
from hazards already known is short of need. Too
much of it teeters between federal and state respon
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sibility with neither taking the initiative. OSHA, for example, has only 600 inspectors charged with over
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seeing all types of industrial health and safety condi
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tions. One estimate is that it would take them 200 years to inspect all the places of work in the nation.
The workers cannot wait that long. Solutions, to the
problems that progress creates mum be sought coop
eratively at all levels at government.