Document mmLqy2a7ok9rR88BO4VZ3yqx0
EPA HOLDS PCB SYMPOSIUM FOR SCIENTISTS, BUT STATUS OF PROCEEDINGS ARE NOT OFFICIAL
. Has the Environmental Protection Agency opened up a loophole for an industry- .
backed move to declare that there is no danger from exposure to polychlorinated bi
phenyls (PCBs) or has it provided scientists with a convenient forum to exchange data
on PCB health effects? Facing a court-ordered August deadline for completion of a
final.rule, EPA gathered scientists together May 12-13 for an $85-a-head "public"
meeting on the issue, although agency officials insist that the symposium had nothing
to do with the PCB rulemaking now in progress.
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Presenters of scientific abstracts were instructed not to discuss the PCB pro
posal issued last month, EPA's Joe Handy told TMN, and in fact:, they must make another
submission during the public hearing which begins June 7 for their data to be included
in the final rulemaking. The meeting, for which EPA paid its contractor Life Systems, Inc. more than
J $80,000 to organize, was needed "to create a dialogue among scientists," Handy said,
which could not have occurred during a normal public hearing. He also claimed that
it would have cost EPA nearly the same amount of money in staff time to hold a free
meeting at the agency instead of charging attendance and holding the meeting at a
hotel and providing lunches and refreshments.
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One industry official involved with a firm making PCB substitutes called the
meeting a "set up" however, a view echoed by Jackie Warren of the Natural Resources
Defense Council. EPA loaded the meeting with pro-industry views, she told TMN, al
though Handy claimed that the fact that most of the research was sponsored by indus
try "does not impute badly" on the presenters' scientific credentials. Claiming that
the last-minute meeting "smacks of back-room" dealings, Warren threatened a lawsuit
if EPA attempts to use the data presented during the meeting and characterized the
symposium as "obviously an effort to pad" the evidence on PCBs.
Industry Minimizes Dangers of PCB Exposure Dr. William R. Gaffev of Monsanto presented findings which he said "do not pro vide the consistent, exposure-related results that would justify concluding that PCBs are carcinogenic in human beings." Although conceding that the substance -can cause temporary skin disorders, he said that studies have failed to)find a link between disease and populations which are non-occupationally exposed.j The Chemical Manufacturers Association characterized PCBs as "not the unique health hazard they once were thought to be" and CMA's Dr. Geraldine Cox issued a statement that "the data on PCBs offers no justification for lowering the current regulatory cut-off of 50 parts per million." CMA also said that new studies found no significant chronic effects In workers with long-term exposure to PCBs.
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SCHWEIKER BACKPEDDLES ON PREVIOUS GOVERNMENT CANCER ESTIMATES
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The government is now trying to distance itself from estimates made in 1978 that
20% of all U.S. cancers are due to workplace exposures. That estimate came from then
Secretary of the Health, Education and Welfare Department, Joseph Califano, who noted that the lion's share of that 20% was due to asbestos exposure. However, in a letter
to Bob Pigg, executive director of the Asbestos Information Association, Health and
Human Services Secretary Richard Schweiker now claims that "mbst recent estimates imply that the original estimates of cancer associated with asbestos exposure were
too high."
Schweiker said that the estimates on which Califano based his claim were never
peer reviewed or published in scientific.literature. "Current estimates for overall
workplace-associated cancer mortality vary within a range of jfive to fifteen percent,"
Schweiker told the asbestos industry group. "Recent estimates for the contribution
of asbestos to cancer mortality range from one to three percent," he added. The let
ter from the Cabinet official explained that Califano's estimates were taken from a
paper submitted to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration by the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Environmental Heailth Sciences and the
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. "It' is my understanding that
the paper was not intended to be a statement of departmental policy," Schweiker said
in the letter.
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