Document mdjMr9r6MLKzKrbjMnxnVxpg

Pure White Lead Proves its Stamina By Long Service Between Repaintings ORE often than not the houses tween repaintings as is usually con M painted with pure white lead sidered good practice; the second, its paint which are pictured in thweseearing quality in having remained pages have been photographed when smooth and unbroken throughout its their paint was fresh and new, mak long life. ing the best possible appearance. This quality of remaining smooth Here is one though that we frankly without any tendency to crack admit needs repainting. The owner, throughout its entire life is of special This house near Syracuse, l\ew > ork, shows pure white lead paint still in excellent condition after seven years ex posure to severe climatic condi tions. importance in times like th<--" an emergency may force unam.;^- ^ neglect. It is a well known fa'- ; many paints which show excel.---performance records under perfmaintenance schedules have a ;<- dency to fail if the repaintinc pgram is not carried through on t'.rSuch failures usually show up cracking of the paint film, mak:-_ minute breaks through which wa'-penetrates to the wood. The warn, in turn forces the paint off in -oaTwith the result that the paint m be entirely removed before repair ing can be undertaken. Pure white lead retains its elasticity regardl--of painting schedules. The house shown on thi- pa^e stands near Svracuse. New A,,k. which has a rigorous climate ami where the past winter was especially severe. The excellent condition of the paint at the present time i- a particularly convincing demormtration of the ability of pure white lead to withstand severe weather ronditions even after unusuallv lone ex posure. like many others in these war times, has put off the job longer than he wanted or intended to but he expects to repaint this summer if possible. He savs, "After experiencing ex treme difficulties with mixed pigment paints peeling and blistering on the exterior of my house. 1 used pure white lead seven years ago which put an end to mv difficulties. Now the house needs repainting and 1 wish to mix mv own tint using pure white lead again/' The important fact about this house is that although it is seven years since its last repainting with pure white lead paint it still does not look shabby and best of all the paint has not failed in its function of pro tecting the underlying wood fiom the weather. Also the surface is smooth and clean, ready for repainting with out special preparation. This house in its present condition demonstrates the two outstanding characteristics of pure white lead paint: the first, its durability in hav ing stood nearly twice as long be- Lead Pipe Lnderfloor Plumbing insures Trouble Free Operations ROM the point of view of the the building. It is the re-quumihi I it \ F owner or manager of any build of the architect and the plumber to ing property the best plumbing sys plan and install plumbing sv>tem- tem is the or.e which requires the which will fulfill these conditions as least attention. Such a system will nearly as may be. operate quietly under all conditions, Quiet operation vvith freedom frum will be entirely free from stoppages probability of stoppages can lie throughout its life and will be suf achieved bv laving out and installinc ficiently durable to last as long as all drainage lines in a manner that Lead waste connections to lead closet bends in Omaha, .\cb. Surscs iuunc. --2-- LIA25852 Lead pipe underfloor plumbing provides quiei trouble free operation in Kansas City, Mo. apartment house. Lead Plating Provides Acid Resistance (or Copper Storage Battery Connectors will allow free flow of waste water with a minimum of friction and tur bulence. Durability can be provided by selecting a material which has proved by its performance that it cannot only resist the severe cor rosive action of sewage wastes and gases but is sufficiently flexible to withstand normal movement between plumbing pipes and structure. Since the fabrication of lead pipe is not restricted by a rigid pattern of straight lines and predetermined angles it can be so installed as to allow the smoothest possible flow for wastes and gases. Bends are gradual and of the exact degree required, joints are properly made at an angle in the direction of flow and the off sets and shoulders which are un avoidable in threaded fittings do not occur. These characteristics of lead fabrication allow its installation to be made in a manner to provide the (Continued on page 8) HE effectiveness of electroplating Common practice in storage bat electrical conductivity of copper with T as a means of lead coating tery cell assembly is to use connec consequent savings in space and metal parts to protect them fromtors of solid lead which is practically weight without sacrificing the cor corrosion is attested by the adoption acid proof. The use of lead plating rosion resistance of lead. of this process for use on copper permits the utilization of the high Electrodeposited lead coatings are connectors cn heavy duty storage remarkably free from porositv espe batteries. Nearly everyone is familiar cially in relatively thick applications. with the mushv green deposit which They also have the property of being builds up on the unprotected copper easily increased in thickness if de or brass parts of the terminal con 4 nectors on automobile storage bat teries as well as with the absence of I I indications of corrosion on the lead sired simply by continuing the plat ing process for additional time. Lead can be plated directly on iron or steel as well as on non-ferrous metals intercell connectors. Bv means of and recent developments include lead plated lead coatings copper parts plating on plastic materials. used with certain types of batteries are now being made proof against the destructive attack of the sulphuric Lead plated cop ar id electrolyte and its fumes. per cell connec Shown herewith are two types of tors ior use on storage batteries. i copper connectors both coated with Above, cell cap electrodeposited lead. The larger ior light duty picture shows the cell cover of a battery with cell connectors in i submarine battery with the terminals place. Right, cell in place bolted to a heavy copper connector in bus bar connection. Both the con nector and the bolts are electroplated place on termi nals of subma rine battery. with lead. The smaller picture shows Lead plating the cell cover of a stationary battery provides protec tion against I for comparatively light duty with highly corrosive lead plated copper cell connectors sulphuric acid bolted in place. fumes. --3-- NATIONAL BATTESY CO. LI A25653 i u |i ll Lead Pipe Lines Thirty Five Miles Long One of the Big Stories of the Invasion LTHOLGH lead has an astonish- were similar to those encountered in Ak ing variety of uses in normal laying submarine communications times and has acquired many newcable. ones in the past few years as the Submarine cable is essentially a result of war necessities, by far the lead alloy pipe packed full of insu majority of such applications recehe lated copper wires and armored with little general notice because they are a sheath of steel. If such a cable of interest onlv to engineers and could be produced without the wires technical men. However, during the it would become in effect a pipe suit invasion of Europe one of the most able for the purpose desired. This is spectacular operations of the supply exactly what was done although the section of the Allied forces was ac operation was not nearly so simple complished bv the use of lead in the as the description indicates. Manv form of some of the longest continu new manufacturing and handling ous pipes ever manufactured. This techniques had to be worked out un A 2500 foot length of lead pipe starting on its trip to the covering ma chines. Lead tube can be seen to lett of the girl seated at table as it emerges from the giant cable press in right back ground. OKON 1TE-CALLEN DER CORE A section of the finished cable shoo ing the lead tube, the steel remlorcing tapes, the steel wire armor and the jute wrapping. der pressure of time. In order to avoid duplication of effort the U. S. Army Engineers c-.hlaborated w'ith the British military forces to provide this means of fuel transportation which was used to supply the Allied forces in France and Germany. Only by means of the closest cooperation with the Armv by four American cable manufac turers could the gigantic project have been accomplished in the short space of time allotted. These were General Cable Corporation. General Electric .Co., Okonite-Callender Corporation and the Phelps-Dodge Copper Prod ucts Corporation. New plants were built, existing machinery wa? assem bled from distant locations and spe- GENERAL CABLE CORP. project consisted of laying pipe lines under the English Channel for the purpose of transporting gasoline from England to France thus bypassing the almost insurmountable obstacle of the destruction of French ports bv the Germans. Since the roughness of the Channel waters and the likelihood of aerial attack precluded any possibility of splicing or couplins the pipe during the laving operation, it was necessary to manufacture each line sufficiently long to reach from shore to shore in one continuous piece. Few materials were adaptable to such manufacture or to handling after fabrication but the conditions which had to be met PHL'LPS-DODCE CORP. 4 LIA2585A in. was maintained throughout the the ground where it was coiled in This Sort of Thing covering operation to prevent the great piles as large as 50 feet in lead pipe from collapsing. diameter and 40 feet high. To pre Costs Money For handling and storing the cable vent the lower layers from being as it came from the machines and to crushed the cable was filled with BUY load it into ships the manufacturers water under pressure. The finished found it necessary to build towering cable in lengths as great as 40 miles ! steel trestleworks on which were was finally uncoiled by pulling it WAR BONDS mounted power driven sheaves of back up over the sheaves and out to large diameter. As the completed waiting ships with specially prepared cable issued from the machines it holds. The cable was laid bv paying was led out through holes in the it out over the stern as the ship trav cia) handling equipment was designed roof over the sheaves and down to eled across the Channel. In all, 12 and installed, all with such great secrecv that not even the key work men knew what the final purpose was. In manufacture the great hydraulic presses which are intended to form Part oi one line the continuous lead sheath over the compacted core of wdres were adapted to extrude a hollow lead pipe. Great of covering ma chinery showing application o' steel armoring care was taken to produce perfect wires to under pipe in lengths as great as 2.500 feet channel pipeline. with no faults or defects. These lengths coiled on reels were then transported to the giant machines which coated the pipe with pitch, wrapped it with overlapping steel reinforcing tapes, armored it with steel wires bedded in pitch and finally wrapped it with a thick layer of jute cords. The individual lengths of lead pipe were joined by a special weld ing process which maintains both the A storage yard where armored lead g as o l in t pipeline was piled during the manuiacturing process. i: internal and external diameter uni * form. A pressure of 25 lb. per sq. GENERAL CABLE COUP. lines of the armored lead pipe were laid from England to France. While the manufacture and laying of this remarkable pipeline was a unique and magnificent operation it was actually onlv the utilization to an extreme degree of two of the i characteristics which make lead so useful and economical in many ap plications. The flexibility of lead and its adaptability to manufacture and use in long lengths are well known and widely used by industry and l utilities. Many thousands of miles of lead sheathing protects the power and communications cables that are il the arteries and nerve channels of America's military, industrial and 1i commercial body. LIA25855 i Lead Calked Joints Provide Pressure Seal in Flexible Cast Iron Pipelines T is generally recognized that the I lead calked joints of standard types of cast iron pipe have a certain degree of flexibility. This is a very useful property and it serves to pro tect the pipe from breakage as the result of the unavoidable flexures which occur as the result of earth settlement or other movement which the engineer may be unable to con trol. However the ordinar\ calked joint is nut primarily intended to be extremely flexible and an excessive amount of bending or subsequent straightening or bending in the op posite direction will have a tendency to loosen the calking. Under some conditions it is desira ble to use a joint that will flex safely as much as 10 to 13 degrees and which will remain tight through a subsequent reverse bend. The prob lem of such a joint was encountered many years ago and James Watt the inventor of the steam engine is cred ited with originating the principle on which the construction of most types of such joints are still based. Mod ern practice is well illustrated bv what is known as the '`Metropolitan joint." a commonly used lead calked flexible connection for cast iron pipe. On the spigot end is cast a torus which is machined to a spherical shape concentric with the pipe. About halfwav of the depth of the bell an upstanding fillet is machined to the same spherical radius. XX hen the spigot is socketed in the bell the two spherical surfaces form, in effect, a ground joint which centers the spigot in the bell, and provides a stop for the molten lead during pouring. Pouring lead joint in flexible joint cast iron pipe being laid across swampland. Flexibility oi special lead calked joints is clearly demonstrated by the bending o' this large pipeline as it is pulled across a Louisiana uayou. After the lead is calked the joint can be flexed approximately 13 degrees in any direction and because of the spherical shape of the contacting parts the parts will remain in the same relative positions. The pressure resistance of the joint is provided bv the tight bearing of toe calked lead against the machined surface of the spherical spigot. Metropolitan tv p? casi iron pipe i> often used for installations where a number of lengths must he joined before being placed in final positionas in river crossings where the joints may be made up on the bank and the pipe pulled across the stream with cables. Should leaks develop in the course of placing the pipe in V. S. PIPE AND FOUNDRY CO. position the lead calking is eas'dv accessible for recalking. It is important that lead to be u- -d for calking cast iron pipe shall hr of high purity and uniform consist ency if it is consistent!) to produce dependable joints. A sure wav to provide that the proper type of lead supplied for this purose is to snecify that all calking lead shall be delivered to the job bearing the Lead Industries Association's Seal of Apnroval. This seal certifies that the lead conforms to the association > rigid standards which are currenlh identical in substance with the Com mercial Standards for Calking Lead published by the U. S. Department of Commerce. 6-- LIA258 56 120* loci Phillips house built about 1800. Pure white lead in its natural brilliant white as well as tinted ac cents the beau- tit u I I v propor tioned decorative features. 'vzar~' Hilliam Barker house built ir. No. 32 1812 is said to hare once been Salem, the property o' a descendant of Sir Richard Sal- tonstall. one o' Massachusetts the original set tlers ol Salem. Both the brier.- work and the ALEM, Massachusetts, was cer delightful wood S detail are painted tainly one of the first settlements v^th pure white in w hat is now the United States and lead paint. there is evidence that certain houses there include portions of earlv build ings which were shipped ready cut from England. If so. some of these mav be the oldest wood houses in America. These oldest houses were never painted and as a matter of fact paint was considered a sinful ostentation hy the straightlaced Puritans of the time. In some cases severe punish ments were meted out to citizens who were bold enough to relieve the drah- The Assembly House, built in 1782, was the scene of mcn\ brilliant social functions. It was converted to a residence before 1800 and it is still so used. Its present owner continues to reh on pure white lead paint in his maintenance pro gram. PHOTOS BY DA.YTON SNYDER ness of their residences b\ means of the paint brush. However the obvious thrift of pro tecting ones most valuable property by means of a comparatively inex pensive application of paint eventuall) overcame an arbitrary custom and Salem became one of the most architecturally distinguished and best painted cities of New England. The buildings pictured on this page were erected during the period when Salem was at the height of its prosperity. Their builders and own ers were fully aware of the value of high quality paint as a weather pro tection as well as a beautifying agent. They are today still painted with pure white lead paint. THIS IS NO. 32 OF A SF.RIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MANY AMERICAN LANDMARKS IN VARIOUS SECTIONS OF THE COUNTRY THAT ARE PRESERVED FOR THE FUTURE WITH PURE WHITE LEAD AND OIL PAINT. MANY OF THEM HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PROTECTED WITH THIS RELIABLE MATERIAL ACCORDING TO AVAILABLE RECORDS. -7- L1A25B57 MEMBERS OF THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION ALPHA METALS, INC......................................................................................... Brooklyn, N. Y. THE AMEKICAN METAL CO.. LTD......................................................... New York. N. 't. AMERICAN SMELTING 4 REFINING CO. ...........................................New York. N. Y. KANSAS CITY 5MELTINC 4 MFC. CO................. THE LEWIN MATHES CORP........................................................... JOHN R. Mac GKECOR LEAD CO................................................. a- U- u. BUNKER HILL 4 SULLIVAN MINING 4 CONCENTRATING CO. .Kellogg. Idaho METALS REFINING CO. (The Clidden Co.I.............................. CAMBRIDGE SMELTING CO................................................................................... Cambridge,Man.MIKE HORSE MINING 4 MILLING CO........................................... CHIEF CONSOLIDATED MINING CO......................................................................... Eureka.UtahNATIONAL LEAD CO............................................................................... rue s.ibvw'i Ix< : ri+.jn*. 1 . 1 va_ N Y CROWN METAL CO...................................................................................................... Milwaukee.Wia. NEW PARK MINING CO........................................................................ DAYKOCK M1NINC CO.................................................................................................... Wallace.IdahoNORTH AMERICAN SMELTINC CO., INC...................................... ..... W **-DICKSON WEATHERPROOF NAIL CO......................................................... Evaaaton. 111. NORTHWEST LEAD CO........................................................................ 5s * I *** O/" '-+*DIVISION t.FfD CO................................................................................................... Ch>r#tn. 111. PARK UTAH CONSOLIDATED MINES CO.................................. ...... -V*THE EAGLE PICHER CO............................................................................................. Cincinnati.Ohio PITTSBURGH WHITE METAL CO................................................. ... * THE ELECTRIC AUTO-LITE CO....................................................................................Toledo.Ohio REYNOLDS METALS CO.................................................................. ETHYL CAS(JUNE CORP................................................................................ New York, N. Y. RIVER SMELTING 4 REFINING CO........................................ ( *>*> EUSTON LEAD CO. (The Clidden Co.)......................................................... Scranton. Pa. ROCHESTER LEAD WORKS. INC................................................. ... --r*. * V E\ANS LEAD DIVISION ( N Jl tonal Lead Co. I..............................Charleston, V . \ a. ST. JOSEPH LEAD CO........................................................................ , 1 v-t. * > EVANS METAL CO......................................................................................................Atlanta, Ca. SHATTUCK DENN MININC CORP................................................... . . .. Sn Yvrx. 5 Y. FEDERAL MINING 4 SMELTING CO....................................................... New York. N. Y. SHERMAN LEAD CO.............................................................................. ........... % l -lfio FEDERATED METALS DIVISION of AMERICAN SMELTING 4 THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS CO....................................................... . Oa.v REFINING CO.......................................................... .......................................... New Y-k. N Y. THE FIRESTONE TIRE 4 RUBBER CO...........................................................Akron, Ohio THE FLEMM LEAD CO.. INC.........................................................Long l.lmod City. IN. 't. W. P. FULLER 4 CO.................................................................................San FrancUco, Calif. GARDINER METAL CO.............................................................................................Chicago, 111. SILVER KING COALITION MINES CO.................................. Mir I-s' -' SILVERSTEIN 4 PiNSOF. INC........................................................... ...... b"'' c--*s s 'tSTANDARD ROLLING MILLS, INC................................................. ...... ** .SUNSHINE MINING CO.......................................................................... wl I-. TAMARACK 4 CUSTER CONSOLIDATED MINING CO........ . . . % a.^t-e. l'-t - GENERAL LEAD MANUFACTURING CO..................................................... Denver, Colo. GOLDSMITH BROS. SMELTING 4 REFINING CO...................................... Chicago, 111. TINTIC STANDARD MINING CO....................................................... .Sait Lake Cp i. --ah UNITED AMERICAN METALS CORP............................................ ............B'cr-.a-ya. .V V HAMMOND LEAD PRODUCTS. INC...........................................................Hammond. Ind. UNITED STATES SMELTING REFINING AND MINING CO., HECLA MINING CO.............................................................................................................Wallace.Idaho INC. .............................................................................................................. ......... New Yvrk. y Y. . Oh ioHERCULES MINING CO.................................................................................................. Wallace.IdahoHTHYEMAVNICVTIOERNYERW4HISTOENMS.E....T..A...L......C...O................................................................................... ........... hi'hr:. - iJ.. Vs. HUDSON SMELTING & REFINING CO........................................................... Newark. N. J. .....m*.VULCAN LEAD PRODUCTS CO......................................................... IMPERIAL TYPE METAL CO............................................................................Philadelphia.Pa. THE WENSLEY METAL PRODUCTS CO...................................... ...... . D-nre?. 0.1- INTERNATIONAL SMELTING 4 REFINING CO. (AnaconJa Sale* Co. Agent*) ..................................................................................................................New York. N. Y. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO.. INC......................................................... WHITE METAL ROLLING 4 STAMPING CORP......... New York. N. Y. Br.-S K N > THE JOHNSTON TIN FOIL 4 METAL CO................................................... St. Louis. Mo. WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO........................................ ..New Haven. O-t-fJ KAHN BROTHERS .............................................................................................. Brooklyn. N. Y. Associate members. The lallawmi articlis and rtorsnts contain intermauon. drawings *no WKitkationi on tn ef lead products helpful to architects, engineers and others in to construction industry. Th/ are availabit. free of charge, upon request to the Lead Industries Association l?0 Lexington Avenue. New York 17. N. Y PROPERTY PROTECTION WITH WHITE LEAD PAINT A 28 page booklet on the protective value, durability and beauty of pure white lead paint with quan'i'v estimating table-, formula* and mixing and imt<og instructions for exterior and interior ose. RED LEAD FOR STRUCTURAL WORK By Dr. L. L. Cnrriek, Director, Red Lead Research, Lead Industrie* Association A discussion of the rust inbibitive qualities of red lesd paint and tbe best means of making use of those qualities for the protection of atructaral metal. Reprinted from Engineering Nates Record, April 6. 1943. LEAD CARRIES ITS WEIGHT By Fred P. Peter# An interesting resume of many of tbe long estabJj.bed uses of lead plus information on a number of recently developed adaptation* of tbe properties of lead to special purposes. Reprinted from Scien tific American, Juoe, 1944. SOME PAINTING PROBLEMS AND THE ANSWERS By Dr. F. L. Ilrnwne, Senior Chemist, Forests Produrla laboratory, Madison, Wis. Repriated from tbe National Real Estate Journal, Sept., 1939. STAMFORD'S DOUBLE LIFETIME HOME A complete analysis of bard lead Hashing, white lead paint, lead plumbing, plywood aod red cedar Certigrade shingle details and installation methods. Reprinted from the American Builder, July, 1939. STOP DEMON RUST Leaflet gjviog concise, simple instruction* in tbe u-e of tbe rust preventing qualities of Red Lead Paint in protecting farm machinery. FEDERAL SPECIFICATION WW-P.S25 For Pipe, Benda and Traps, LEAD. Part S of Section IV of the Federal Standard* Stock Catalog, official publication by the Govern ment Printing Office. LEAD EQUIPMENT USED IN INDUSTRY By F. E. Wormier, Secretary of Lead In dustries Association A summary of the uses of lead in tbe production and handling of corrosive chemicals. Reprinted from "Metal Progress" to be included in tbe next edition of American Society oj Metals Handbook. SUMMARY OF NOTES ON LEAD ROOFING A brief description of tbe uses of lead for roofing and flashing purpose# and the proper practices of its application. Reprinted from Sheet Metal Worker. NEW LEAD COATING PROCESS ELIMINATES USE OF ZINC ALLOYS By W'. Yonkinan, Engineer, Western Elec tric Co. A description of a successful hot dip lesd coating process with complete instruction- for changing over from hot dip galvanizing u.-ing the ame equipment. Reprinted from Product Engineering, May. 1934. COMMERCIAL STANDARDS: Calking Lead, C594-41 Lead Pipe, CS95*4l Lead Traps aDd Bends, CS96-4J Official publications by tbe Government Printing Of fice of tbe above Commercial Standards as promul gated by tbe U. S. Department of Commerce through tbe National Bureau of Standards, effective June 25, 1941. LEAD COATINGS ON STEEL By Harold A. Knight, New* Editor, Metals and Alloys A th orougb discussion of hot dip aad electroplated coating* on steel sheet, wire end fabricated prod uct* including the technique of application, thick ness of coating*, ose* and advantage*. Reprinted from the November, 1944 issue of Metals and Alloys. LEAD X-RAY SHIELDING Graphic chart based on recommendations of the International Commission on X-Ray and Radium Protection giving thicknesses of lead for respective voltages in millimetres, iochea and pounds par square foot. I Continued from pufte smoothest possible unohstru. l<-J II"" with the least amount of turhulen-e. The soundness of these principles of drainage construction is well recognized that manv cits plumbingcodes require that onlv lead pipe may be used under bathroom floors. The accompanying photograph- i11 u-trate adaptability of lead pipe to free flowing construction. The one in a Kansas City apartment hou-e showall lead under floor piping of wa-leand yents which can he depended upon for quiet unobstructed opera tion. The one in the nurses home in Omaha, also all lead under floor, illustrates the ease with which lead pipe is adapted to the angular rela tionship of fixture location-. It is interesting to note that hard lead floor flanges hearing the Lead Industries Association seal of ap proval, two of which are shown .-el temporarily in place in the kansaCity picture, will he used on both of these jobs. These flanges after three years of use are proying to he sub stantial and satisfactory. The Seal of Approval on these flanges as on other lead products certifies that they conform to the exacting standards of the Lead Industries Association in dimensions, weight and purity of materials. UPON REQUEST, TILE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE CLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE 01 CHARGE. TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUB LEAD PKOII1.KMS III LI A25856 PRINTED IN U. S. A. Y PUBUSHEM PUNTING COMPANY NEW YOEI CITY